WO2016165246A1 - 一种轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016165246A1
WO2016165246A1 PCT/CN2015/086451 CN2015086451W WO2016165246A1 WO 2016165246 A1 WO2016165246 A1 WO 2016165246A1 CN 2015086451 W CN2015086451 W CN 2015086451W WO 2016165246 A1 WO2016165246 A1 WO 2016165246A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
hole
base
light source
brake disc
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PCT/CN2015/086451
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱真才
滕文想
沈刚
李翔
李伟
周公博
曹国华
彭玉兴
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China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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Priority to AU2015391570A priority Critical patent/AU2015391570B2/en
Publication of WO2016165246A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016165246A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D5/00—Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
    • B66D5/02—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
    • B66D5/12—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with axial effect
    • B66D5/14—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with axial effect embodying discs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/342—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells the sensed object being the obturating part

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the real-time monitoring field of a mine hoist brake disc, and particularly relates to an axial light-sensing hoist brake disc yaw monitoring device and method.
  • Mine hoist is one of the important and key equipments in the mine. It is mainly used for coal mines, metal mines and non-metallic mine hoists and decentralized personnel to upgrade coal, ore and transportation materials and equipment. It is an important means of transportation for contacting the well and underground. It plays an important role in the mine and is an important equipment for the mine. Therefore, the safe, reliable and effective high-speed operation of the hoist is directly related to the production status and economic benefits of the enterprise.
  • the brake is one of the most important parts of the hoist and the most important and last safety guarantee for the hoist. Therefore, the reliability of the brake is directly related to the safe operation of the hoist.
  • the mine hoist widely uses disc brakes, in which the hoist brake disc is installed on the drum of the hoist, which is an important part of the mine hoist.
  • the braking process of the hoist is achieved by the friction generated by the friction between the brake disc of the hoist and the brake shoe.
  • the performance of the hoist brake disc directly affects the normal production of the mine and the safety of the coal mine.
  • the disc brake system of the mine hoist disc brake system has been biased.
  • the problem of pendulum overrun is more common. The phenomenon is that the brake seat is shaken, the brake shoe is moved, and the gap between the brake disc and the brake shoe cannot be consistent.
  • the spindle is swaying and the braking torque is seriously insufficient.
  • the present invention provides an axial light-sensing hoist brake disc yaw monitoring device and method for measuring the yaw amount of a hoist brake disc in real time through a light sensation principle. Thereby the fault monitoring of the hoist brake disc is realized.
  • An axial light illuminator brake disc yaw monitoring device comprises a base and a sliding rod, the tail of the sliding rod passing through one end of the base along a central axis of the rectangular base, in the base
  • the sliding bar is slidable along the central axis of the base; the inner side of the central axis of the base is symmetrically disposed with a light source generating unit and a light source receiving unit, and the light source generating unit and the light source receiving unit are opposite On both sides of the same size on the same axis
  • the square holes are respectively a No. 1 light transmission hole and a No. 2 light transmission hole, and the slide bar is provided with a square through hole of the same size as the square hole.
  • the light source generating unit includes a light source generating case fixed on a side wall of the base, and a power source, a light source and a first lens which are sequentially connected inside the light source generating case. ;
  • the light source receiving unit comprises a light source receiving box fixed on a side wall of the base, and a signal processing unit, a light sensing device and a second lens which are sequentially connected inside the light source receiving box.
  • the light source, the first lens and the first light transmission hole are on the same axis as the light sensing device, the second lens and the second light transmission hole.
  • the tail portion of the slider is vertically fixed with a sliding plate, and a pair of guiding rods are symmetrically fixed on the upper and lower portions of the sliding plate, and a tail plate parallel to the sliding plate is connected to the tail portion of the sliding rod.
  • the substrate is fixedly connected to the base;
  • a spring is disposed between the substrate and the sliding plate and is sleeved on the guiding rod.
  • the substrate is vertically symmetrically provided with a first guiding hole, and a guiding sleeve is mounted in the first guiding hole, and the guiding rod is matched with the first guiding sleeve.
  • the front side wall of the base is provided with a second guiding hole
  • the second guiding hole is provided with a second guiding sleeve
  • the sliding rod is matched with the second guiding sleeve
  • the base is disposed inside the rectangular casing, the rear sidewall of the base is closely fitted with the inner wall of the tailgate of the casing, and the central axis of the base and the casing are on the same axis;
  • a method for monitoring a yaw of an axial light illuminator brake disc, which is placed on a test point on a hoist brake disc for monitoring comprising the following steps:
  • the light sensing device outputs a change signal, which is processed by the signal processing unit and transmitted to the industrial computer to realize real-time monitoring of the brake disk yaw.
  • the head of the slider is provided with a roller that abuts against the brake disc.
  • step 1) the angular velocity direction of the roller and the pointing point of the measuring point to the center of the hoist spindle Consistently, the direction of the linear velocity of the brake disc at the measuring point is perpendicular to the angular velocity of the roller in the end face of the brake disc.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the operation of the apparatus of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the device of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the base of the device of the present invention.
  • the light source receiving unit, the light source generating unit and the light source receiving unit are provided with square holes of the same size on the same axis on opposite sides, respectively, the first transparent hole 25 and the second transparent hole 22, the sliding bar 14 is provided with a square through hole 24 of the same size as the square hole.
  • the light source generating unit includes a light source generating box 29 fixed on the side wall of the base 10, and a power source 28, a light source 27 and a first lens 26 which are sequentially connected inside the light source generating box 29; the light source receiving unit
  • the light source receiving case 20 fixed to the side wall of the base 10 and the signal processing unit 18, the light sensing device 19 and the second lens 21 which are sequentially connected inside the light source receiving case 20 are included.
  • the light source 27, the first lens 26 and the first light transmission hole 25 are on the same axis as the light sensing device 19, the second lens 21 and the second light transmission hole 22.
  • a slide plate 17 is vertically fixed to the tail portion of the slide bar 14.
  • the upper and lower portions of the slide plate 17 are symmetrically fixed with a pair of guide rods 31.
  • the tail portion of the guide rod 31 is connected with a substrate 15 disposed in parallel with the slide plate 17, and the base plate 15 is fixedly connected to the base 10;
  • a spring 30 is placed between the base plate 15 and the slide plate 17 to be placed over the guide rod 31 such that the slide plate 17 and the slide bar 14 move together with the spring relative to the fixed base plate 15.
  • the substrate 15 is vertically symmetrically provided with a first guiding hole, and a guiding sleeve 16 is mounted in the first guiding hole, and the guiding rod 31 is matched with the first guiding sleeve 16.
  • the front side wall of the base 10 is provided with a second guiding hole, and the second guiding hole is provided with a second guiding sleeve 23, and the sliding rod 14 is matched with the second guiding sleeve 23;
  • the base 10 is disposed on the rectangular housing 9 Internally, the housing 9 is fixed on the foundation, the rear side wall of the base 10 is closely fitted with the inner wall of the tailgate of the housing 9, and the central axes of the base 10 and the housing 9 are on the same axis; the front of the housing 9
  • the baffle 11 is provided with a third guiding hole, and the third guiding hole is provided with a third guiding sleeve 12, and the sliding bar 14 is matched with the third guiding sleeve 12.
  • the spindle device of the hoist includes a hoist drum 4, a hoist spindle 7, and a main bearing 8.
  • the brake disc 3 is fixed to the end face of the hoist drum 4, and the hoist drum 4 is fixed to the hoist main shaft 7, and the hoist main shaft 7 is fixed to the bearing housing 8 by the main bearing, and the casing 9 of the device 6 of the present invention passes.
  • the support plate 5 is fixed to the brake carrier 1.
  • the hoist main shaft 7 drives the hoist drum 4 to rotate, and the brake disc 3 rotates at the same time, and the device 6 of the present invention starts working. If a malfunction occurs in the running process lifting system requiring safety braking or working braking during normal operation, the brake shoe of the brake 2 is pressed against the brake disk 3 to generate a braking torque to stop.
  • the device 6 of the invention is placed at a test point on the hoist brake disc 3 for monitoring, the head of the slide bar 14 being provided with a roller 13 resting against the brake disc 3, first braked in the hoist according to the height of the device 6 of the invention Selecting a suitable measuring point on the disk 3, adjusting the rotation position of the sliding bar 14 and the sliding plate 17, so that the angular velocity direction of the roller 13 on the detecting device coincides with the pointing point of the measuring point to the center of the lifting machine spindle, that is, the brake disk 3 is The direction of the linear velocity of the measuring point and the angular velocity of the roller 13 are perpendicular to the end face of the brake disc 3.
  • the mounting position of the device 6 of the present invention on the brake carrier 1 is determined without ensuring interference with the movement of the brake cylinder, so that the two springs 30 that are placed on the guide rod 31 are in a compressed state while outputting the device of the present invention.
  • the signal is the strongest.
  • multiple sets of the device of the invention can be installed at appropriate locations on the brake support, and multiple test points are selected for simultaneous monitoring.
  • the method for monitoring the yaw of the axial light illuminator brake disc comprises the following steps:
  • the light sensing device 19 outputs a change signal, which is processed by the signal processing unit 18 and transmitted to the industrial computer through the wireless transmitting chip to realize real-time monitoring of the yaw of the hoist brake disc 3.
  • the invention converts the axial runout of the hoist brake disc 3 into the movement of the square through hole 24 on the slide bar 14, and obtains the axial runout value of the brake disc 3 by using the principle of light sense, and the yaw of the brake disc 3 of the hoist is converted.
  • the light sensing device 19 receives the most light and the output signal is the strongest; when the yaw amount of the hoist brake disc 3 is not 0, the slider 14
  • the square through hole 24 is misaligned with the first light transmission hole 25 and the second light transmission hole 22, so that the light reaching the light sensing device 19 is reduced, and the output signal is also correspondingly reduced; the signal of the light sensing device 19 is changed by the signal.
  • the processing of the processing unit 18 is transmitted to the industrial computer through the wireless transmitting chip to realize real-time monitoring of the yaw of the elevator brake disc 3.
  • the invention can monitor the yaw of the hoist brake disc in real time without changing the original lifting device; in order to ensure the accuracy of the measured data, the device can be simultaneously used at the measuring points on both sides of the hoist through the signal processing unit 18 Take the average value; realize the monitoring of the state of the brake disc of the hoist, and have certain guiding significance for the monitoring of the running state of the hoist brake system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)

Abstract

一种轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置，包括基座（10）和滑杆（14），滑杆（14）可沿基座（10）的中轴线方向滑动；基座（14）的中轴线两侧的侧壁内侧对称设有光源发生单元和光源接收单元，所述光源发生单元和光源接收单元在相对的两个侧面上设有在同一轴线上的相同大小的方孔，分别为透光孔一(25)和透光孔二(22)，所述滑杆(14)上设有与所述方孔相同大小的方形通孔(24)。通过将提升机制动盘轴向跳动转换为滑杆上方形通孔的移动，利用光感原理获得制动盘的轴向跳动值，经换算得提升机制动盘的偏摆量；实现对提升机制动盘偏摆的实时监测。该装置可以在不改变原提升设备的情况下实时监测提升机制动盘的偏摆情况，实现对提升机制动盘状态的监测。

Description

一种轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置及方法 技术领域
本发明属于矿井提升机制动盘的实时监测领域，具体涉及一种轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置及方法。
背景技术
矿井提升机是矿山重要和关键设备之一，主要用于煤矿、金属矿及非金属矿提升机和下放人员，提升煤炭、矿石及运输材料和设备。它是联系井上和井下的重要交通运输工具。在矿井中占有十分重要的地位，是矿山的重要设备。所以提升机的安全、可靠、有效高速运行，直接关系到企业的生产状况和经济效益。制动器是提升机不可缺少的重要组成部分之一，也是提升机最关键和最后一道安全保障装置，因此制动器的可靠性直接关系到提升机的安全运行。目前，矿用提升机广泛采用盘式制动器，其中提升机制动盘安装在提升机的滚筒上，是矿井提升机的重要组成部分。提升机的制动过程，便是依靠提升机制动盘与制动器闸瓦摩擦所产生的摩擦力来实现的。提升机制动盘的性能的好坏，直接影响到矿井的正常生产和煤矿安全。
《国家煤矿安全生产规程》规定：“矿用提升机在使用前制动盘端面跳动不大于0.50mm，使用过程中不大于1mm。”近年来,矿井提升机盘式制动系统制动盘偏摆超限的问题比较普遍。其现象是:闸座晃动,闸瓦窜动,制动盘与闸瓦的间隙不能保持一致。制动时,主轴窜动,制动力矩严重不足,随时都有跑车的危险,人身安全受到威胁，所以在提升机运行过程中能够对制动盘的偏摆进行实时监测是非常重要的。
目前，对于提升机制动盘的偏摆超限问题，一些国内外学者提出了一些预防措施，主要集中在加工制造、运输、保存和安装等方面，保证了制动盘的质量。但是在提升机运行过程中主要是利用人的听觉和视觉来判别制动盘的偏摆超限，比如卡缸、油路阻塞等状况，这种方式具有滞后性，而且会有误判的情况发生。
发明内容
发明目的：为了克服现有技术中存在的不足，本发明提供一种轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置及方法，通过光感原理实时测量出提升机制动盘的偏摆量，从而实现对提升机制动盘的故障监测。
技术方案：为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置，包括基座和滑杆，所述滑杆的尾部沿呈矩形的基座的中轴线方向穿过基座的一端，位于基座中，所述滑杆可沿基座的中轴线方向滑动；所述基座的中轴线两侧的侧壁内侧对称设有光源发生单元和光源接收单元，所述光源发生单元和光源接收单元在相对的两个侧面上设有在同一轴线上的相同大小的 方孔，分别为一号透光孔和二号透光孔，所述滑杆上设有与所述方孔相同大小的方形通孔。
进一步的，在本发明中，所述光源发生单元包括固定在所述基座的侧壁上的光源发生箱体，及设在所述光源发生箱体内部依次连接的电源、光源及一号透镜；
所述光源接收单元包括固定在基座的侧壁上的光源接收箱体，及设在所述光源接收箱体内部依次连接的信号处理单元、光感器件及二号透镜。
进一步的，在本发明中，所述光源、一号透镜及一号透光孔与所述光感器件、二号透镜及二号透光孔在同一轴线上。
进一步的，在本发明中，所述滑杆的尾部垂直固定有滑板，所述滑板的上下部对称固定有一对导杆，所述导杆的尾部连接有与所述滑板平行设置的基板，所述基板固定连接在所述基座上；
所述基板与滑板之间设有穿套在所述导杆上的弹簧。
进一步的，在本发明中，所述基板上下对称设有一号导向孔，所述一号导向孔内安装有一号导向套，所述导杆与一号导向套间隙配合。
进一步的，在本发明中，所述基座的前侧壁上设有二号导向孔，所述二号导向孔内安装有二号导向套，所述滑杆与二号导向套间隙配合；
所述基座设于矩形的壳体内部，所述基座的后侧壁与所述壳体的后挡板内壁紧密贴合，基座和壳体的中轴线在同一轴线上；所述壳体的前挡板上设有三号导向孔，所述三号导向孔内安装有三号导向套，所述滑杆与三号导向套间隙配合。
一种的轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置方法，放置在提升机制动盘上的测试点进行监测，包括以下步骤：
1)初始状态：所述方形通孔与所述一号透光孔和二号透光孔在同一轴线上，弹簧处于被压缩状态；
2)运动偏移：制动盘转动偏摆，带动滑杆发生随时间变化的位移，所述方形通孔与一号透光孔和二号透光孔相应产生随时间变化的错位值，到达光感器件的光量相应变化，所述制动盘的偏摆量与到达光感器件的光量成线性关系；
3)信号处理：所述光感器件输出变化信号，经信号处理单元处理后传送到工控机，实现制动盘偏摆的实时监测。
进一步的，在本发明中，所述滑杆的头部设有顶靠在制动盘上的滚轮，在步骤1)中，所述滚轮的角速度方向与该测点到提升机主轴中心的指向一致，即制动盘在该测点的线速度方向与滚轮的角速度方向在制动盘端面内垂直。
进一步的，在本发明中，选取两个或两个以上的测试点同时进行监测。
有益效果：本发明将提升机制动盘轴向跳动转换为滑杆上方形通孔的移动，利用光 感原理获得制动盘的轴向跳动值，经换算得提升机制动盘的偏摆量；光感器件变化的信号经信号处理单元的处理后通过无线发送芯片传送到工控机，实现对提升机制动盘偏摆的实时监测。该发明可以在不改变原提升设备的情况下实时监测提升机制动盘的偏摆情况，实现对提升机制动盘状态的监测，对提升机制动系统的运行状态监测有一定的指导意义。轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置结构简单，使用方便，减少了工人的参与，提高了对提升机制动盘偏摆故障诊断的正确率。
附图说明
图1为本发明装置的工作示意图；
图2为本发明装置的内部结构示意图；
图3为本发明装置的基座示意图；
图中：1-制动器支座，2-制动器，3-制动盘，4-提升机卷筒，5-本发明装置支板，6-本发明装置，7-提升机主轴，8-轴承座，9-壳体，10-基座，11-前挡板，12-导向套，13-滚轮，14-滑杆，15-基板，16-导向套，17-滑板，18-信号处理单元，19-光感器件，20-光源接收箱体，21-透镜二，22-透光孔二，23-导向套，24-方形通孔，25-透光孔一，26-透镜一，27-光源，28-电源，29-光源发生箱体，30-弹簧，31-导杆。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作更进一步的说明。
如附图2、3所示，一种轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置，包括基座10和滑杆14，滑杆14的尾部沿呈矩形的基座10的中轴线方向穿过基座10的一端，位于基座10中，滑杆14可沿基座10的中轴线方向滑动；基座10的中轴线两侧靠近前板的的侧壁内侧对称设有光源发生单元和光源接收单元，光源发生单元和光源接收单元在相对的两个侧面上设有在同一轴线上的相同大小的方孔，分别为一号透光孔25和二号透光孔22，滑杆14上设有与方孔相同大小的方形通孔24。
其中，光源发生单元包括固定在所述基座10的侧壁上的光源发生箱体29，及设在光源发生箱体29内部依次连接的电源28、光源27及一号透镜26；光源接收单元包括固定在基座10的侧壁上的光源接收箱体20，及设在光源接收箱体20内部依次连接的信号处理单元18、光感器件19及二号透镜21。其中，光源27、一号透镜26及一号透光孔25与光感器件19、二号透镜21及二号透光孔22在同一轴线上。
滑杆14的尾部垂直固定有滑板17，滑板17的上下部对称固定有一对导杆31，导杆31的尾部连接有与滑板17平行设置的基板15，基板15固定连接在基座10上；基板15与滑板17之间设有穿套在导杆31上的弹簧30，使得滑板17和滑杆14一起随弹簧相对于固定的基板15运动。基板15上下对称设有一号导向孔，一号导向孔内安装有一号导向套16，导杆31与一号导向套16间隙配合。
基座10的前侧壁上设有二号导向孔，二号导向孔内安装有二号导向套23，滑杆14与二号导向套23间隙配合；基座10设于矩形的壳体9内部，壳体9固定在地基上，基座10的后侧壁与壳体9的后挡板内壁紧密贴合，基座10和壳体9的中轴线在同一轴线上；壳体9的前挡板11上设有三号导向孔，三号导向孔内安装有三号导向套12，滑杆14与三号导向套12间隙配合。
实施例1
如附图1所示，提升机的主轴装置包括提升机卷筒4、提升机主轴7、主轴承8。制动盘3固定在提升机卷筒4的端面，提升机卷筒4固定在提升机主轴7上，提升机主轴7通过主轴承固定在轴承座8上，本发明装置6的壳体9通过支板5固定在制动器支座1上。提升机工作时，提升机主轴7带动提升机卷筒4旋转，制动盘3同时转动，本发明装置6开始工作。若在运行过程提升系统中出现故障需要安全制动或正常运行过程中的工作制动时，制动器2的闸瓦紧贴制动盘3产生制动力矩使其停止。
本发明装置6放置在提升机制动盘3上的测试点进行监测，滑杆14的头部设有顶靠在制动盘3上的滚轮13，首先根据本发明装置6的高度在提升机制动盘3上选取合适的测点，调整滑杆14与滑板17的旋位，使检测装置上的滚轮13的角速度方向与该测点到提升机主轴中心的指向一致，即制动盘3在该测点的线速度方向与滚轮13的角速度方向在制动盘3端面内垂直。在保证不干涉制动器油缸运动的前提下确定本发明装置6在制动器支座1上的安装位置，使穿套在导杆31上的两只弹簧30处于被压缩状态，同时使本发明装置输出的信号最强。为了测量的准确性，可以在制动器支座上的合适位置安装多套本发明装置，选取多个测试点同时进行监测。
一种的轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置方法，具体包括以下步骤：
1)初始状态：当装置在初始时刻时，方形通孔24与一号透光孔25和二号透光孔22在同一轴线上，弹簧30处于被压缩状态；
2)运动偏移：制动盘3转动偏摆，带动滑杆14发生随时间变化的位移，方形通孔24与一号透光孔25和二号透光孔22相应产生随时间变化的错位值，到达光感器件19的光量相应变化，制动盘3的偏摆量与到达光感器件19的光量成线性关系；
3)信号处理：光感器件19输出变化信号，经信号处理单元18处理后通过无线发送芯片传送到工控机，实现提升机制动盘3偏摆的实时监测。
本发明将提升机制动盘3轴向跳动转换为滑杆14上方形通孔24的移动，利用光感原理获得制动盘3的轴向跳动值，经换算得提升机制动盘3的偏摆量；当提升机制动盘3的偏摆量为0时，光感器件19接受的光最多，输出的信号最强；当提升机制动盘3的偏摆量不为0时，滑杆14上的方形通孔24与一号透光孔25、二号透光孔22产生错位，使到达光感器件19的光减少，输出信号也相应减少；光感器件19变化的信号经信号处 理单元18的处理后通过无线发送芯片传送到工控机，实现对提升机制动盘3偏摆的实时监测。该发明可以在不改变原提升设备的情况下实时监测提升机制动盘的偏摆情况；为了保证所测数据的准确性，可以在提升机两侧的测点同时使用该装置，通过信号处理单元18取其平均值；实现对提升机制动盘状态的监测，对提升机制动系统的运行状态监测有一定的指导意义。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出：对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置，其特征在于：包括基座(10)和滑杆(14)，所述滑杆(14)的尾部沿呈矩形的基座(10)的中轴线方向穿过基座(10)的一端，位于基座(10)中，所述滑杆(14)可沿基座(10)的中轴线方向滑动；所述基座(10的中轴线两侧的侧壁内侧对称设有光源发生单元和光源接收单元，所述光源发生单元和光源接收单元在相对的两个侧面上设有在同一轴线上的相同大小的方孔，分别为一号透光孔(25)和二号透光孔(22)，所述滑杆(14)上设有与所述方孔相同大小的方形通孔(24)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置，其特征在于：所述光源发生单元包括固定在所述基座(10)的侧壁上的光源发生箱体(29)，及设在所述光源发生箱体(29)内部依次连接的电源(28)、光源(27)及一号透镜(26)；
    所述光源接收单元包括固定在基座(10)的侧壁上的光源接收箱体(20)，及设在所述光源接收箱体(20)内部依次连接的信号处理单元(18)、光感器件(19)及二号透镜(21)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置，其特征在于：所述光源(27)、一号透镜(26)及一号透光孔(25)与所述光感器件(19)、二号透镜(21)及二号透光孔(22)在同一轴线上。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置，其特征在于：所述滑杆(14)的尾部垂直固定有滑板(17)，所述滑板(17)的上下部对称固定有一对导杆(31)，所述导杆(31)的尾部连接有与所述滑板(17)平行设置的基板(15)，所述基板(15)固定连接在所述基座(10)上；
    所述基板(15)与滑板(17)之间设有穿套在所述导杆(31)上的弹簧(30)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置，其特征在于：所述基板(15)上下对称设有一号导向孔，所述一号导向孔内安装有一号导向套(16)，所述导杆(31)与一号导向套(16)间隙配合。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一所述的轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置，其特征在于：所述基座(10)的前侧壁上设有二号导向孔，所述二号导向孔内安装有二号导向套(23)，所述滑杆(14)与二号导向套(23)间隙配合；
    所述基座(10)设于矩形的壳体(9)内部，所述基座(10)的后侧壁与所述壳体(9)的后挡板内壁紧密贴合，基座(10)和壳体(9)的中轴线在同一轴线上；所述壳体(9)的前挡板(11)上设有三号导向孔，所述三号导向孔内安装有三号导向套(12)，所述滑杆(14)与三号导向套(12)间隙配合。
  7. 一种的轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置方法，其特征在于：放置在提升机 制动盘(3)上的测试点进行监测，包括以下步骤：
    1)初始状态：所述方形通孔(24)与所述一号透光孔(25)和二号透光孔(22)在同一轴线上，弹簧(30)处于被压缩状态；
    2)运动偏移：制动盘(3)转动偏摆，带动滑杆(14)发生随时间变化的位移，所述方形通孔(24)与一号透光孔(25)和二号透光孔(22)相应产生随时间变化的错位值，到达光感器件(19)的光量相应变化，所述制动盘(3)的偏摆量与到达光感器件(19的光量成线性关系；
    3)信号处理：所述光感器件(19)输出变化信号，经信号处理单元(18处理后传送到工控机，实现制动盘(3)偏摆的实时监测。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置的方法，其特征在于：所述滑杆(14)的头部设有顶靠在制动盘(3)上的滚轮(13)，在步骤1)中，所述滚轮(13)的角速度方向与该测点到提升机主轴中心的指向一致，即制动盘(3)在该测点的线速度方向与滚轮(13)的角速度方向在制动盘(3)端面内垂直。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的轴向光感式提升机制动盘偏摆监测装置的方法，其特征在于：选取两个或两个以上的测试点同时进行监测。
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