WO2016164256A1 - Mâchoire cisaillante et bielle d'obturateur anti-éruption à haute résistance - Google Patents

Mâchoire cisaillante et bielle d'obturateur anti-éruption à haute résistance Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016164256A1
WO2016164256A1 PCT/US2016/025381 US2016025381W WO2016164256A1 WO 2016164256 A1 WO2016164256 A1 WO 2016164256A1 US 2016025381 W US2016025381 W US 2016025381W WO 2016164256 A1 WO2016164256 A1 WO 2016164256A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shear
rams
shear ram
ram
blowout preventer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2016/025381
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gerrit M. Kroesen
Melvyn F. Whitby
Johnny Everett JURENA
Original Assignee
Cameron International Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cameron International Corporation filed Critical Cameron International Corporation
Publication of WO2016164256A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016164256A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
    • E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
    • E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
    • E21B33/061—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams
    • E21B33/062—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams with sliding rams
    • E21B33/063—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams with sliding rams for shearing drill pipes

Definitions

  • wellhead assemblies often include a blowout preventer to control pressure at the top of a well and prevent flow of formation fluids through the blowout preventer.
  • a shear ram blowout preventer achieves pressure control through the operation of hydraulically operated rams capable of shearing a tubular contained within a main bore of the blowout preventer (e.g., drill pipe, a liner, or a casing string).
  • the rams are grouped in opposing pairs and are forced together as a result of the hydraulic operation.
  • the rams are driven into and out of a main bore of a blowout preventer by operating pistons coupled to the ram blocks by connecting rods.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to high-strength shear rams and actuation assemblies including connecting rods for moving same.
  • a blowout preventer includes a housing, comprising a longitudinal bore extending therethrough and a cavity intersecting the bore, and pair of opposing shear rams configured to shear a tubular located in the longitudinal bore.
  • the opposing shear rams can be moved radially into and out of the longitudinal bore by connecting rods coupled to the shear rams.
  • the connecting rods may be coupled to the shear rams via intermediate connecting assemblies which may include a split-flange connector comprising multiple sections.
  • the connecting rods may be moved radially toward or away from the longitudinal bore by hydraulically actuated pistons coupled to the connecting rods.
  • the shear rams and/or the connecting rods may be constructed of a high-strength heat treatable, low alloy steel, such as AISI 4340 steel. That is, the shear rams are constructed of a single material having a higher hardness than that of the tubular product to be sheared, including tool joints. The shear rams are configured to shear such a tubular product without regard to the tubular product's diameter, wall thickness, or any hard-banding which may be in the cutting plane of the ram.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a subsea hydrocarbon drilling system in accordance with various embodiments
  • NS a cross-sectional isometric view of a blowout preventer in accordance with various embodiments
  • FIG. 3 A shows a ram block in accordance with various embodiments
  • FIG. 3B shows a ram block in accordance with various embodiments.
  • FIG. 4 shows an isometric view of an actuation assembly in accordance with various embodiments.
  • axial and axially generally mean along or parallel to a central axis (e.g., central axis of a body or a port), while the terms “radial” and “radially” generally mean perpendicular to the central axis.
  • an axial distance refers to a distance measured along or parallel to the central axis, and a ns a distance measured perpendicular to the central axis.
  • a subsea blowout preventer stack assembly 100 is assembled onto a wellhead assembly 102 on the sea floor 104.
  • the blowout preventer stack assembly 100 is connected in line between the wellhead assembly 102 and a floating rig 106 through a subsea riser 108.
  • the blowout preventer stack assembly 100 provides pressure control of drilling/formation fluid in the wellbore 1 10 should a sudden pressure surge escape the formation into the wellbore 1 10.
  • the blowout preventer stack assembly 100 thus prevents damage to the floating rig 106 and the subsea riser 108 from fluid pressure exiting the seabed wellhead.
  • the blowout preventer stack assembly 100 includes a lower marine riser package 1 12 that connects the riser 108 to a blowout preventer stack package 1 14.
  • the blowout preventer stack package 1 14 includes a frame 1 16, blowout preventers 1 18, and accumulators 120 that may be used to provide back up hydraulic fluid pressure for actuating the blowout preventers 1 18.
  • the blowout preventers 1 18 are shear ram-type blowout preventers, such as those shown in FIGS. 2-4.
  • the blowout preventer stack package 1 14 may include multiple types of blowout preventers, each designed to effectuate a different result.
  • the blowout preventer stack package 1 14 may include blind rams and pipe rams to seal the bore and around the drill pipe, respectively.
  • the blowout preventer stack package 1 14 may include an annular blowout preventer and additional shear rams.
  • FIG. 2 a cross-sectional, isometric view of a blowout preventer 200 is shown.
  • Blowout preventer 200 may be included in a blowout preventer stack assembly, such as blowout preventers 118 in blowout preventer stack assembly 100 illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the blowout preventer 200 includes a pair of opposing rams 202, 204.
  • the rams 202, 204 are urged together in response to hydraulic actuation.
  • When urged together, in some ; 202, 204 are designed to shear an object 206 (e.g., drilling tubular, tool joint, drill collar, production tubular, hard-banded pipe, casing tubular, etc.) that is in the wellbore between the rams 202, 204.
  • object 206 e.g., drilling tubular, tool joint, drill collar, production tubular, hard-banded pipe, casing tubular, etc.
  • the blowout preventer further includes a partially hollow main body 208 and a longitudinal bore 210 that allows fluids (e.g., drilling fluids, completion fluids, treating fluids, produced fluids, etc.) or devices (e.g., drill string, casing string, production string, etc.) to pass through the blowout preventer 200.
  • fluids e.g., drilling fluids, completion fluids, treating fluids, produced fluids, etc.
  • devices e.g., drill string, casing string, production string, etc.
  • the depicted blowout preventer 200 can be mounted on a wellhead or another component by way of a lower connection flange 212. Additional equipment (e.g., subsea connector, lower marine riser package, etc.) may be installed on the blowout preventer 200 via top end connection 214 of the blowout preventer 200.
  • Actuation/bonnet assemblies 216 secured to the main body 208 include various components that facilitate control of rams 202, 204 disposed in ram cavities 222 of the blowout preventer 200.
  • Bonnet assemblies 216 include hydraulically actuatable pistons 218 coupled to ram shafts 220.
  • a force e.g., from hydraulic pressure
  • the rams 202, 204 are shear rams that are driven together to shear the object 206 and inhibit flow through the blowout preventer 200.
  • the rams 202, 204 can have any desired size and shape, which may vary depending on the intended application.
  • Shear rams 302, 304 may be used in a blowout preventer assembly, such as blowout preventer 200 illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • Shear ram 302 includes a generally V-shaped upper arm 306 that includes an integral, angled cutting face 308.
  • Shear ram 302 further includes a protrusion 310 extending from either side of the shear ram 302.
  • shear ram 302 may be coupled to an actuation assembly including a connecting rod. When actuated, shear ram 302 can be moved into and out of a bore, such as longitudinal bore 210 illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • Shear ram 304 includes a generally V-shaped lower arm 312 that include an integral, angled cutting face 314. Shear ram 304 further includes a slot 316 extending into either side of the shear ram 304. The slot 316 is configured to receive a corresponding protrusion located on an opposing shear ram, such as protrusion 310 located on shear ram 302. As discussed above, shear ram 304 may be coupled to an actuation assembly including a hen actuated, shear ram 304 can be moved into and out of a bore, such as longitudinal bore 210 illustrated in FIG. 2. Further, the rams 302, 304 are designed such that the rams 302, 304 interlock when urged together during shearing operations. The interlocking profile prevents the rams 302, 304 from separating during high shearing loads.
  • shear rams 302 and 304 are designed to shear an object, such as the obj ect 206 illustrated in FIG. 2. Specifically, upon contact with the object, shear rams 302 and 304 penetrate the object, and separate the object into upper and lower portions. Because of the V-shaped geometry of each shear ram 302, 304, the rams are capable of centralizing the obj ect to be sheared in the event shear ram 302 and/or 304 is off-center during shearing operations.
  • Shear rams 302, 304 each include a throat radius on their respective cutting faces 308, 314 which allows for larger objects to bear against a relatively small section of the respective cutting faces 308, 314, thereby developing a high bearing stress in the object resulting in a more reliable shear. Further, when urged together, slot 316 of shear ram 304 receives protrusion 310 of shear ram 302 in a tongue-and-groove type interface. This interface strengthens the engagement between shear rams 302 and 304 and prevents undesired separation during the shearing process.
  • shear rams 302, 304 are each integrally formed rams constructed of one type of material, i.e. , the rams do not include any inserts or sealing element. In such an embodiment, sealing of the bore can be effectuated by other rams in the stack, allowing the high-strength shears to focus on shearing.
  • shear rams 302, 304 can be constructed of a high-strength heat treatable, low alloy steel, such as AISI 4340 steel.
  • AISI 4340 steel is a nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy steel.
  • the shear rams 302, 304 are formed of AISI 4340 steel such that the hardness is maintained relatively constant from the surface of the rams into the core of the rams, relative to existing shear rams. That is, existing shear rams typically have hardness properties that vary greatly from the surface of the ram through the core of the ram.
  • the present disclosure teaches a shear ram with a more consistent hardness property from the surface of the ram to the core of the ram, i.e. , less hardness variability.
  • the shear rams 302, 304 can be formed of any material with a Brinell hardness greater than about 321. As a result, shear rams 302, 304 are harder than existing shear rams and can shear tubulars that existing rams cannot shear, or have difficulty shearing, such as tool joints, drill collars, and hard-banded pipe. Because the shear rams 302, 304 are formed of one integral piece, as opposed to a ram including cutting inserts and ie rams are harder and stronger throughout the body of the rams 302, 304, i.e., from the surface of the rams 302, 304 to the cores of the rams 302, 304.
  • the rams 302, 304 consist of only one structure, there are no components that can break off during shearing operations. Moreover, the cutting face of the rams 302, 304 can be reclaimed after use by repair or remanufacture machining as a result of the hardness of the material of construction. For example, the hardness and design of the exemplary shear rams can effect shearing without requiring as tightly controlled tolerances between the two rams. Accordingly, the useful life of the shear rams 302, 304 can be extended
  • FIG. 4 an isometric view of a shear ram 402 and connector rod 404 of an actuation assembly is show, by way of example.
  • blowout preventers such as blowout preventer 200 illustrated in FIG. 2, include actuation assemblies for moving shear rams into and out of a longitudinal bore of the blowout preventer.
  • shear ram 402 is coupled to connector rod 404 by way of a connecting assembly 406 inserted into a recess 416 in the shear ram 402.
  • Connecting assembly 406 is shown as being a substantially rectangular flange comprising multiple sections, which will be discussed in greater details below. However, other geometries are envisioned.
  • Connector rod 404 is inserted into shear ram 402 through a circular cavity 408 formed in the rear portion of shear ram 402.
  • the cavity 408 is vertically and horizontally centrally positioned in the rear portion of shear ram 402.
  • the cavity 408 may be located at other positions in the rear of shear ram 402.
  • the connector rod 404 is also inserted through connecting assembly 406 which is composed of multiple sections 410 and 412. Sections 410 and 412 form a substantially circular aperture through which the connector rod 404 can be inserted.
  • the connector rod 404 includes a groove 414 formed on the outer surface of connector rod 404 near the end of the connector rod 404 inserted into cavity 408.
  • Groove 414 is shown located about the entire circumference of the outer surface of connector rod 404. However, groove 414 could be located about only a portion of the circumference of the outer surface of connector rod 404. Groove 414 is formed to receive sections 410 and 412 of the connecting assembly 406. The groove may have a profile— e.g. , a series of valleys and ridges— that mate with a complementary profile on the sections 410 and 412, to improve the engagement therebetween.
  • connector rod 404 When connector rod 404 is inserted into cavity 408, sections 410 and 412 of the connecting assembly 406 are recessed into groove 414. In this configuration, the connector rod 404 and shear ram 402 are prevented from moving with respect to one another. That is, Dnnector rod 404 results in movement of the shear ram 402.
  • a fastener e.g., a pin, a bolts, a stud, etc.
  • the loads on the connector rod can be more evenly distributed, improving the shearing ability of the rams.
  • the present disclosure presents shear rams and connector rods for shearing any object within the cutting plane of the rams, namely drilling tubulars, tool joints, drilling collars, production tubulars, hard banded pipe segments, casing tubulars, and the like.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, un obturateur anti-éruption comporte une enveloppe, comprenant un alésage longitudinal s'étendant au travers de celle-ci, et une cavité en intersection avec l'alésage, et une paire de mâchoires cisaillantes opposées configurées pour cisailler un tubulaire situé dans l'alésage longitudinal. Les mâchoires cisaillantes opposées peuvent être déplacées radialement dans l'alésage longitudinal et hors de celui-ci par des bielles accouplées aux mâchoires cisaillantes. Les bielles peuvent être accouplées aux mâchoires cisaillantes par l'intermédiaire d'ensembles de raccord intermédiaires qui peuvent comprendre un raccord à bride en plusieurs pièces comprenant de multiples sections. Les mâchoires cisaillantes et/ou les bielles peuvent être fabriquées à partir d'un acier faiblement allié de cémentation à haute résistance tel que de l'acier AISI 4340. Les mâchoires cisaillantes sont construites en un seul matériau qui a une dureté supérieure à celle du produit tubulaire.
PCT/US2016/025381 2015-04-09 2016-03-31 Mâchoire cisaillante et bielle d'obturateur anti-éruption à haute résistance WO2016164256A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201562145436P 2015-04-09 2015-04-09
US62/145,436 2015-04-09

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WO2016164256A1 true WO2016164256A1 (fr) 2016-10-13

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU175351U1 (ru) * 2017-03-29 2017-12-01 Александр Павлович Волосников Корпус плашки превентора

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11401770B2 (en) * 2018-04-06 2022-08-02 Hydril USA Distribution LLC Hardfaced metal surface and method of manufacture
EP3959416B1 (fr) 2019-04-21 2024-03-06 Services Pétroliers Schlumberger Bloc d'obturation de puits doté de lames de mâchoire à application multiple
US11286740B2 (en) 2019-04-21 2022-03-29 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Blowout preventer shearing ram
US11391108B2 (en) 2020-06-03 2022-07-19 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Shear ram for a blowout preventer

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4313496A (en) * 1980-04-22 1982-02-02 Cameron Iron Works, Inc. Wellhead shearing apparatus
US4540046A (en) * 1983-09-13 1985-09-10 Nl Industries, Inc. Shear ram apparatus
US4923005A (en) * 1989-01-05 1990-05-08 Otis Engineering Corporation System for handling reeled tubing
US6173770B1 (en) * 1998-11-20 2001-01-16 Hydril Company Shear ram for ram-type blowout preventer
US20060113501A1 (en) * 2004-11-29 2006-06-01 Isaacks C S Shear/seal ram assembly for a ram-type blowout prevention system

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5515916A (en) * 1995-03-03 1996-05-14 Stewart & Stevenson Services, Inc. Blowout preventer
SG188558A1 (en) * 2010-09-17 2013-04-30 Nat Oilwell Varco Lp Casing friendly, shearable hardbands and systems and methods for shearing same
US9644444B2 (en) * 2011-09-08 2017-05-09 Cameron International Corporation Load-sharing ram packer for ram type blowout preventers

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4313496A (en) * 1980-04-22 1982-02-02 Cameron Iron Works, Inc. Wellhead shearing apparatus
US4540046A (en) * 1983-09-13 1985-09-10 Nl Industries, Inc. Shear ram apparatus
US4923005A (en) * 1989-01-05 1990-05-08 Otis Engineering Corporation System for handling reeled tubing
US6173770B1 (en) * 1998-11-20 2001-01-16 Hydril Company Shear ram for ram-type blowout preventer
US20060113501A1 (en) * 2004-11-29 2006-06-01 Isaacks C S Shear/seal ram assembly for a ram-type blowout prevention system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU175351U1 (ru) * 2017-03-29 2017-12-01 Александр Павлович Волосников Корпус плашки превентора

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