WO2016162591A1 - Thermal treatment kiln and a method for thermo-treating timber - Google Patents

Thermal treatment kiln and a method for thermo-treating timber Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016162591A1
WO2016162591A1 PCT/FI2016/000008 FI2016000008W WO2016162591A1 WO 2016162591 A1 WO2016162591 A1 WO 2016162591A1 FI 2016000008 W FI2016000008 W FI 2016000008W WO 2016162591 A1 WO2016162591 A1 WO 2016162591A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
kiln
timber
thermal treatment
heating device
protective gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2016/000008
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Juhani Kuisma
Original Assignee
Juhani Kuisma
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Juhani Kuisma filed Critical Juhani Kuisma
Publication of WO2016162591A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016162591A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/0085—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F26B21/04—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure partly outside the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/14—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases or vapours other than air or steam, e.g. inert gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/02—Heating arrangements using combustion heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour circulating over or surrounding the materials or objects to be dried
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2210/16—Wood, e.g. lumber, timber

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a thermal treatment kiln and a method for thermo-treating timber.
  • thermo-wood The application of the invention is drying and thermo-treating construction timber so that the materia! will become weatherproof, so called thermo-wood.
  • the drying of sawed construction timber prepares the material for use, and nearly any timber cannot be used without being dried first.
  • Timber dries by itself to some extent but effective drying always requires thermal treatment kilns.
  • Themoo-wood ie. thermo-treated wood
  • thermo-treated wood is thermally modified timber which, when compared to the features of regular timber, has better decay resistance, higher thermal insulation capacity, and a lower level of moisture-related shrinking and swelling.. It is used, particularly in garden structures and saunas, as well as for interior lining and external cladding.
  • the treatment usually takes several days, as the temperature of the timber is slowly raised to 190-220 °C and then slowly lowered to a temperature where the timber can be removed from the kiln.
  • the progression of the process is adjusted with water vapour, which causes the structure of the wood to change as its binding agent, lignin, starts io break, and water as well as extractive agents such as resin are released from the wood.
  • the changes in the wood structure depend on the temperature and duration of the treatment, the rate of the temperature increase, and the moisture content of the wood. Additionally, different wood species behave differently when thermo-treated.
  • the temperature decrease i>f the treated timber batch is intensified after the treatment usually by spraying water vapour into the kiln.
  • the common technique described above is widely used in the timber iadustry.
  • Wood treated with the common thermo-treatrnent method also includes a relatively large number of splits. The long treatment duration is also a disadvantage.
  • One significant advantage is that the relative moisture of the timber can be decreased to correspond to the norms of the industry with a relatively small amount of energy and in a short period of time.
  • Another significant advantage is that the hardness value of thetmo-wood manufactured using the method according to the present invention is considerably better than the hardness values of thermo-wood manufactured using traditional methods, while avoiding the formation of splits in the product, which is very common in products related to the common technique.
  • thermo-wood includes both the drying of timber and other thermal treatments such as the thermal treatment used in the manufacturing of thermo-wood.
  • thermal treatment used in the manufacturing of thermo-wood includes both the drying of timber and other thermal treatments such as the thermal treatment used in the manufacturing of thermo-wood.
  • thermal treatment used in the manufacturing of thermo-wood includes both the drying of timber and other thermal treatments such as the thermal treatment used in the manufacturing of thermo-wood.
  • A. "propeller rotating around its axis” includes the propeller, blower and extractor type machines, so the method can be implemented with any rotating device that can produce en air flow.
  • FIG. 1 presents a thermal treatment kiln according to the present invention three- dimensionally
  • figure 2 presents said kiln from the front
  • figure 3 presents a cross section of said kiln at mark A-A in figure 1, vertically cut during the heating process
  • figure 4 presents the cot at mark B-B in figure 2
  • figure S presents the A-A cut during the protective gas treatment.
  • Figure 1 depicts, as an example, the thermal treatment kiln 1 according to the present invention, three-dimensional ty from a high, slanted angle, and figure 2 depicts it directly from the direction of the opening and closing hatch 2, which is used to fill and empty the kiln.
  • This kiln includes thermally insulated walls such as the bottom 3, roof 4, and wails Sa ⁇ 5d, and its first side wait 5a contains a projection 6, inside of which is the heating device 7.
  • Figure 3 presents the heating device, which in this example is a solid fuel furnace. Pitted underneath the furnace is propeller 8, the axis 8.1 of which is ted through the projection's bottom 6.1 , and beneath the projection, there is a motor 9 fitted on the axis to rotate said propeller.
  • a partition wall 15 Between the interiors of the furnace and the kiln is a partition wall 15, the upper part of which includes the top hole 15.1, and around the propeller 8 is fitted a cylinder, importantly the size of the propeller's outer diameter, functioning as an air duct 16, and through its lower hole 16.1 the indoor air to be heated is conducted to the propeller.
  • the air duct 36 is tightly connected to the partition wall 15.
  • a gas container 10 filled with protective gas G, which in this application is carbon dioxide (CO;), and from this container a coupling 10.1 is conducted inside the kiln.
  • Figure 3 depicts the smoke duct 1 1 fitted into the upper part of the inside of the kiln, which leads from the heating device 7 to close to the other side wall 5b, and from there, through the inlet 4.1 of the roof 4. out of the kiln.
  • On the other side wal l there is an outlet port 33, which in this case is a pipe leading from inside to the outside of the kiln.
  • the motor 9 As the temperature of the kiln's inside air A rises, the motor 9 is started, which in this case is an electric motor, and it sets the propeller 8 into a motion of rotating around its axis 8. 1 inside the air duct 16.
  • the blades of the propeller guide the inside air A of the kiln to flow through the air duet 16. upwards via the passage 14. outlined by the partition wall 15, around the hot sides of the heating device 7. past the heating device, when thermal energy is transferred from the hot casing of the heating device into the inside air A, the temperature of which is thus risen to the desired level.
  • the hot air flow 12 is transferred through the top hole 15.1 of the partition wall into the kiln and circulates in the upper part of the kiln to the other side of the kiln and downwards on this other side.
  • the air flow 12 circulates further in the lower part of the kiln back towards the lower hole 16.1 of the air duct, and from there through the air duct 16, guided by the propeller 8, to the passage 14 around the heating device 7. and continues upwards through this passage.
  • the inside air A of the kiln is in this application importantly heated to a temperature of 195 °C, which is maintained for a certain period of time with the help of the indoor air circulation.
  • the outer dimensions of the kiln are ca.: width 5.6m.
  • the temperature of the kiln's inside air A is maintained at the above- mentioned temperature for one hour, when the heating and maintaining the temperature requires ca, 0,5m 3 of aspen/alder firewood.
  • the stearn vapour caused by the moisture of the timber 100 and the overpressure caused by it are released from, the kiln through the outlet port 13.
  • the heating is stopped and the inside of the kiln is filled, with protective gas, which in this case is carbon dioxide ( CO2).
  • protective gas which in this case is carbon dioxide ( CO2).
  • the valve of the over-pressurized gas container 10 is therefore opened and CO2 gas is conducted through the coupling 10.1 in-side the kiln al such a quantity that a substantial part of the kiln's inside air A exits the kiin through the outlet port 1 3 and/or other holes arranged for this purpose.
  • all the holes of the kiln arc kept closed until the kiln's internal temperature has lowered to ca.
  • the protective gas G can also be something else than carbon dioxide gas. E.g. Mison and Argon gas suit this purpose well. Therefore it cars be said that the invention is not limited to the use of a certain gas or certain gases, but carbon dioxide can be considered the most cost-effective option for protective gas G.
  • the protective gas is conducted inside the thermal treatment kiln with the help of the overpressure in the gas container 1 0.
  • thermo-wood manufactured using a method according to the present invention is harder and drier than equivalent thermo-wood manufactured on average using the common technique.
  • the test results also prove that a method according to the present invention achieves a situation where there are so splits at all in the thermo-wood.
  • a method according to the present invention can also be used for drying timber without manufacturing thermo-wood, and the internal temperature of the kiln can always be adjusted case-speeiftcally. It is important that thetemperature he over 100 °C, when water vaporizes in normal pressure.
  • the maintenance time of this temperature can be any time period suitable for the purpose. In manufacturing thermo-wood, it can be for example 1. 2, or 3 hours or more or less.
  • the size and shape of the thermal treatment kiln 1 used is a method according to the present invention can vary very greatly depending on the need.
  • the structure and insulating capacity of the thermal insulation of its walls can be executed ease-specifically so that a specific compromise of the heat flow penetrating the walls and the manufacturing costs of the wall structures is reached.
  • the placing and functional combining of the kiln's various fittings such as the hatch 2, heating device ?, propeller 8, motor 9. gas container 10, smoke duct 1 1 , outlet port 13 , partition wail 15, and air duct 16 can be carried out in various ways.
  • the fuel of the heating device 7 in the thermal treatment kiln i according to the present invention can be any solid fuel such as wood, pellets, peat, coal etc.
  • the heating effect can be produced by some other way than burning solid fuels, Examples of this could be oil- and gas-burning or electrical heating. Therefore a method according to the present invention can be produced with any heating method where the kiln's inside air ⁇ is heated to a certain processing temperature, which is then maintained for a certain time period.
  • One option could be electrical resistance, which allows the air flow 12 to go through the heating device.
  • the air flow can therefore go through the passage 14 which at least partly surrounds the heating device, through the heating device, or via both these routes.
  • the propeller 8 can be fitted with a desired number of blades or it can be executed as a bluwer/extractor and placed in any location where it can produce such an air flow 12 that heat is transferred from the heating device 7 to the inside air A of the thermal treatment kiin and the heated air forms a circulation- inside the kiln.
  • An electrical motor can be considered the most advantageous motor application in a method according to the present invention.
  • the invention can, however, be executed with e.g. a combustion engine,
  • any motor type that is able to rotate the propeller 8 at a desired speed, with or without fitted power transmission equipment., can be used.
  • this description refers to one type of application example advantageous to the invention, this is in no way meant to restrict the use of the invention to only apply to ibis type of example, bat instead many modifications axe possible within the limits of the inventive idea defined by the patent claims,

Abstract

The present invention relates to a thermal treatment kiln (1 ) for thermo-treating timber (100). Said kiln includes thermal insulated walls and an opening and closing hatch (2) for inserting said timber into the kiln and removing it from the kiln, as well as a heating device (7) fitted in the kiln to produce thermal energy, an air duct (16) and a propeller (8) fitted to rotate inside the duct in order to produce an air flow (12) through a passage (14) next to the hearing device and/or through the heating device (7) when thermal energy is able to transfer from the heating device (7) into the air flow (12) and further into the inside air (A), a motor (9) to make the propeller (8) rotate around its axis (8.1), an outlet port (13) for removing water vapour from the kiln during the heating process, and an over- pressurized gas container (10) containing protective gas (G) and a coupling (10.1) from the container into the interior of the kiln in order to feed protective gas inside the thermal treatment kiln (1). The present invention also relates to a method for thermo-treating timber, said method using the above-mentioned equipment

Description

THERMAL TREATMENT KILN AND A METHOD FOR THERMO-TREATING TIMBER
The present invention relates to a thermal treatment kiln and a method for thermo-treating timber.
The application of the invention is drying and thermo-treating construction timber so that the materia! will become weatherproof, so called thermo-wood. The drying of sawed construction timber prepares the material for use, and nearly any timber cannot be used without being dried first. Timber dries by itself to some extent but effective drying always requires thermal treatment kilns.
Timber is dried according to a common technique so that a radiator blows water vapour inside a thermal treatment kiln filled with timber. The vapour is circulated around the timber and through any gaps, and thermal energy from the vapour transfers to the timber, which causes the moisture inside the wood to rise to the surface of the timber. From the surface, the moisture transfers into the surrounding vapour. After the thermal treatment, the timber is left to cool down to a maximum temperature of ca. 60 °C, after which it can be safety removed from the kiln.
Themoo-wood, ie. thermo-treated wood, is thermally modified timber which, when compared to the features of regular timber, has better decay resistance, higher thermal insulation capacity, and a lower level of moisture-related shrinking and swelling.. It is used, particularly in garden structures and saunas, as well as for interior lining and external cladding. With the common thermal treatment technique, the treatment usually takes several days, as the temperature of the timber is slowly raised to 190-220 °C and then slowly lowered to a temperature where the timber can be removed from the kiln. The progression of the process is adjusted with water vapour, which causes the structure of the wood to change as its binding agent, lignin, starts io break, and water as well as extractive agents such as resin are released from the wood. The changes in the wood structure depend on the temperature and duration of the treatment, the rate of the temperature increase, and the moisture content of the wood. Additionally, different wood species behave differently when thermo-treated. In the above-mentioned method, the temperature decrease i>f the treated timber batch is intensified after the treatment usually by spraying water vapour into the kiln. The common technique described above is widely used in the timber iadustry.
The most notable disadvantages of the common technique are the release of binding agents from the timber during the treatment, and the saturation of the surface of the timber, when moisture is also transferred deeper inside the product. Therefore, the resulting timber is waterlogged and soft, and its durability is poor in demanding use. Wood treated with the common thermo-treatrnent method also includes a relatively large number of splits. The long treatment duration is also a disadvantage.
It is an object of the present invention to produce a thermal treatment kiln and a method for thermo-treating ti mber with which it is possible to avoid die disadvantages of the common technique. The solution according to the present invention is characterised by what is presented in the characterizing portions of the patent claims 1 and 8.
By using the present invention, one can achieve many advantages. One significant advantage is that the relative moisture of the timber can be decreased to correspond to the norms of the industry with a relatively small amount of energy and in a short period of time. Another significant advantage is that the hardness value of thetmo-wood manufactured using the method according to the present invention is considerably better than the hardness values of thermo-wood manufactured using traditional methods, while avoiding the formation of splits in the product, which is very common in products related to the common technique.
In this document, the term 'thermal treatment of timber" includes both the drying of timber and other thermal treatments such as the thermal treatment used in the manufacturing of thermo-wood. A. "propeller rotating around its axis" includes the propeller, blower and extractor type machines, so the method can be implemented with any rotating device that can produce en air flow. The invention is described in more detail in the accompanying drawings where figure I presents a thermal treatment kiln according to the present invention three- dimensionally,
figure 2 presents said kiln from the front,
figure 3 presents a cross section of said kiln at mark A-A in figure 1, vertically cut during the heating process,
figure 4 presents the cot at mark B-B in figure 2,
figure S presents the A-A cut during the protective gas treatment. In the following, the structure and function of one beneficial application of the present invention is explained by referring to the above-mentioned figures,
Figure 1 depicts, as an example, the thermal treatment kiln 1 according to the present invention, three-dimensional ty from a high, slanted angle, and figure 2 depicts it directly from the direction of the opening and closing hatch 2, which is used to fill and empty the kiln. This kiln includes thermally insulated walls such as the bottom 3, roof 4, and wails Sa~5d, and its first side wait 5a contains a projection 6, inside of which is the heating device 7. Figure 3 presents the heating device, which in this example is a solid fuel furnace. Pitted underneath the furnace is propeller 8, the axis 8.1 of which is ted through the projection's bottom 6.1 , and beneath the projection, there is a motor 9 fitted on the axis to rotate said propeller. Between the interiors of the furnace and the kiln is a partition wall 15, the upper part of which includes the top hole 15.1, and around the propeller 8 is fitted a cylinder, importantly the size of the propeller's outer diameter, functioning as an air duct 16, and through its lower hole 16.1 the indoor air to be heated is conducted to the propeller. The air duct 36 is tightly connected to the partition wall 15. On the other side wall 5b of the thermal treatment kiln 1 is a gas container 10, filled with protective gas G, which in this application is carbon dioxide (CO;), and from this container a coupling 10.1 is conducted inside the kiln.. Figure 3 depicts the smoke duct 1 1 fitted into the upper part of the inside of the kiln, which leads from the heating device 7 to close to the other side wall 5b, and from there, through the inlet 4.1 of the roof 4. out of the kiln. On the other side wal l, there is an outlet port 33, which in this case is a pipe leading from inside to the outside of the kiln. When a method according to present the invention is used to manufacture thermo-wood with the help of the described thermal treatment kiln. the kiln I is ililsd through the hatch 2 with timber 100 to be thermo-treated, the hatch 2 is closed and wood is burned in the furnace serving as the heating device 7. As the temperature of the kiln's inside air A rises, the motor 9 is started, which in this case is an electric motor, and it sets the propeller 8 into a motion of rotating around its axis 8. 1 inside the air duct 16. The blades of the propeller guide the inside air A of the kiln to flow through the air duet 16. upwards via the passage 14. outlined by the partition wall 15, around the hot sides of the heating device 7. past the heating device, when thermal energy is transferred from the hot casing of the heating device into the inside air A, the temperature of which is thus risen to the desired level. The hot air flow 12 is transferred through the top hole 15.1 of the partition wall into the kiln and circulates in the upper part of the kiln to the other side of the kiln and downwards on this other side. The air flow 12 circulates further in the lower part of the kiln back towards the lower hole 16.1 of the air duct, and from there through the air duct 16, guided by the propeller 8, to the passage 14 around the heating device 7. and continues upwards through this passage. The inside air A of the kiln is in this application importantly heated to a temperature of 195 °C, which is maintained for a certain period of time with the help of the indoor air circulation. In this example, the outer dimensions of the kiln are ca.: width 5.6m. length 2.2m, and height 2,4m, and wall thickness ca. 0.1 m, when its interna! volume is ca. 25m2, and inside the kiln is 2,000m of 32 x 100mrn timber for thermal treatment. In Use case of this example, the temperature of the kiln's inside air A is maintained at the above- mentioned temperature for one hour, when the heating and maintaining the temperature requires ca, 0,5m3 of aspen/alder firewood. During the process, the stearn vapour caused by the moisture of the timber 100 and the overpressure caused by it are released from, the kiln through the outlet port 13. After the above-mentioned stage, the heating is stopped and the inside of the kiln is filled, with protective gas, which in this case is carbon dioxide ( CO2). The valve of the over-pressurized gas container 10 is therefore opened and CO2 gas is conducted through the coupling 10.1 in-side the kiln al such a quantity that a substantial part of the kiln's inside air A exits the kiin through the outlet port 1 3 and/or other holes arranged for this purpose. Next, all the holes of the kiln arc kept closed until the kiln's internal temperature has lowered to ca. 60 °C, which is a safe temperature for opening the hatch of the kiln and the treated timber will no longer catch fire, After this, the hatch 2 is opened and the finished batch of thermo-wood is removed from the thermal treatment kiln Carbon dioxide, gas functions as protective gas G, preventing the effects of air / air humidity on the timber. The timber will not be able to oxidize and absorb moisture, and the disadvantages of the common technique are avoided and ike above-mentioned advantages of the invention are achieved. The protective gas G can also be something else than carbon dioxide gas. E.g. Mison and Argon gas suit this purpose well. Therefore it cars be said that the invention is not limited to the use of a certain gas or certain gases, but carbon dioxide can be considered the most cost-effective option for protective gas G. The protective gas is conducted inside the thermal treatment kiln with the help of the overpressure in the gas container 1 0.
The advantages achieved with the invention have been proven by completed laboratory tests. Based on the results of the tests it is indisputable that thermo-wood manufactured using a method according to the present invention is harder and drier than equivalent thermo-wood manufactured on average using the common technique. The test results also prove that a method according to the present invention achieves a situation where there are so splits at all in the thermo-wood.
A method according to the present invention can also be used for drying timber without manufacturing thermo-wood, and the internal temperature of the kiln can always be adjusted case-speeiftcally. It is important that thetemperature he over 100 °C, when water vaporizes in normal pressure. The maintenance time of this temperature can be any time period suitable for the purpose. In manufacturing thermo-wood, it can be for example 1. 2, or 3 hours or more or less.
The size and shape of the thermal treatment kiln 1 used is a method according to the present invention can vary very greatly depending on the need. The structure and insulating capacity of the thermal insulation of its walls can be executed ease-specifically so that a specific compromise of the heat flow penetrating the walls and the manufacturing costs of the wall structures is reached. The placing and functional combining of the kiln's various fittings such as the hatch 2, heating device ?, propeller 8, motor 9. gas container 10, smoke duct 1 1 , outlet port 13 , partition wail 15, and air duct 16 can be carried out in various ways. The fuel of the heating device 7 in the thermal treatment kiln i according to the present invention can be any solid fuel such as wood, pellets, peat, coal etc. The smoke duet 1 i led from the heating device 7 to the outside of the kiln cm be fitted so that it progresses a certain length inside the kite before leading out., which means that the smoke duet also radiates hear to the kiln's inside air A. In some cases, the heating effect can be produced by some other way than burning solid fuels, Examples of this could be oil- and gas-burning or electrical heating. Therefore a method according to the present invention can be produced with any heating method where the kiln's inside air Λ is heated to a certain processing temperature, which is then maintained for a certain time period. One option could be electrical resistance, which allows the air flow 12 to go through the heating device. The air flow can therefore go through the passage 14 which at least partly surrounds the heating device, through the heating device,, or via both these routes.
The propeller 8 can be fitted with a desired number of blades or it can be executed as a bluwer/extractor and placed in any location where it can produce such an air flow 12 that heat is transferred from the heating device 7 to the inside air A of the thermal treatment kiin and the heated air forms a circulation- inside the kiln.
An electrical motor can be considered the most advantageous motor application in a method according to the present invention. The invention can, however, be executed with e.g. a combustion engine, In a method according to the present- invention, any motor type that is able to rotate the propeller 8 at a desired speed, with or without fitted power transmission equipment., can be used. it should he mentioned that although this description refers to one type of application example advantageous to the invention, this is in no way meant to restrict the use of the invention to only apply to ibis type of example, bat instead many modifications axe possible within the limits of the inventive idea defined by the patent claims,

Claims

Patent Claims
A thermal treatment kiln (1 ) for thermo-treating timber ( 100). the kiln consisting of thermal insulated walls and mi opening and closing hatch for inserting and removing said timber, and:
a. a heating device (7) fitted in ihe said kiln in order to produce thermal energy, and b. an outlet port ( 1 3) for exhausting water vapour from the kiln during the heating process,
characterized in that it also includes:
c. an air duct ( 36 ) and a propel ter (8) fitted to rotate inside u and to produce an air flow ( 12 ) through the passage (14) next to the beating device and/or through the heating device (7) when thermal energy is able to transfer from the heating device (7) to the air flow ( 12) and further into the inside air (A),
d. a motor (9) to make the propeller (8) rotate a round its axis (8.1 ),
e. an over-prossurized gas container ( 10) containing protective gas (G), and a coupling ( 10, 1 ) from the container into said kiln its order to feed protective gas inside the thermal treatment kiln f ί ), when the kiln can be filled with protective gas (G) in order to produce high quality such as split-proofitess and hardness to the timber ( 100).
The thermal treatment kUn (S) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the heating device (7) includes a furnace suitable for burning solid fuel and a smoke, duct (1 ! ) ied from there to the outside of the kiln.
The thermal treatment kiln (i ) according to claim 2, characterized in that the smoke duet 0 1 ) is fitted to progress a certain length inside the kilo before it is ied out.
The thermal treatment kihi (T) according to any of the claims I to 3, characterized in that the propeller (8) is placed underneath the heating device (7).
The thermal treatment kiln ( 1 ) according to claim 4, characterized in that the air duct (16) is cylinder-shaped and its inner diameter is importantly the size of the propeller's outer diameter and said air duct is connected tightly to She partition wall (15), containing a top hole ( 15.1 ). between the hearing device (7) and the interior of said kiln.
The thermal treatment kiln (1 ) according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the protective gas (G) is carbon dioxide (CO2).
The thermal treatment kiln 11 ) according to any of the claims 1 to 6, characterized itt that the outlet port ( 131 is. fitted with a closing device.
A method for thermo-treating timber, said method using the thermal treatment kiln ( 1.) as follows:
a. the timber (100) to be treated is closed inside said kiln,
b. the inside air (A) of said kiln is heated with a heating device (7) fitted in the kilo, e. moisture in the timber ( 100) to be treated is removed by maintaining the temperature at over 100 °C, and the thus emerged vapour is transferred out of the kiln through at !east an outlet port (13),
characterised in that:
d, the air flow ( 12) through the passage (14) nex t to the heating device and/or through the heating device (7) and further inside said kiln is intensified by a rotating propeller (8), when the temperature of the kiln's inside air (A) and the timber ( 100) is raised to over 100 °C, and this temperature is maintained for at least circa j -3 hours,
e> hearing said inside air (A) is stopped after certain said period of time, and the interior of the kiln is filled with protective gas (G), when at least a substantial pan of the inside air (A) exits the kiln,
f. the protective gas (G) is kept inside the kiln in order to produce high quality, such as split-proofnees and hardness to the timber ( 100),
g. the protective gas (G) is kept inside the kiln for so ioag that the interior temperature of the thermal treatment kiln ( i ) lowers to a temperature that is safe for opening the kiln, which is a temperature where the timber would not catch fire.
The method according to claim 8, characterized i» that die maintained temperature of the inside air (A) is importantly 195 °C. 10: The. method according to claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the protective gas (G) is led inside the kiln from the gas container ( 10) with overpressure in the container.
PCT/FI2016/000008 2015-04-09 2016-04-07 Thermal treatment kiln and a method for thermo-treating timber WO2016162591A1 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106426475A (en) * 2016-12-12 2017-02-22 长兴经纬竹制品有限公司 Preparation process of recombined timber
WO2020127026A1 (en) * 2018-12-19 2020-06-25 Ways Sas Method for thermal drying of wood in a co2 atmosphere, drying facility for implementing said method, and product obtained
CN113211580A (en) * 2021-05-08 2021-08-06 丁宇 A energy-saving door plant soaks auxiliary assembly for door plant production uses

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US2064965A (en) * 1931-12-14 1936-12-22 David Dominicus Method and means for treating wood
WO1997007373A1 (en) * 1995-08-21 1997-02-27 Valmet Corporation Method and device of cooling for use in connection with hot drying/heat treatment of lumber
CN200982801Y (en) * 2006-12-19 2007-11-28 廖辉 Hot blast drying apparatus for timber

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2064965A (en) * 1931-12-14 1936-12-22 David Dominicus Method and means for treating wood
WO1997007373A1 (en) * 1995-08-21 1997-02-27 Valmet Corporation Method and device of cooling for use in connection with hot drying/heat treatment of lumber
CN200982801Y (en) * 2006-12-19 2007-11-28 廖辉 Hot blast drying apparatus for timber

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106426475A (en) * 2016-12-12 2017-02-22 长兴经纬竹制品有限公司 Preparation process of recombined timber
WO2020127026A1 (en) * 2018-12-19 2020-06-25 Ways Sas Method for thermal drying of wood in a co2 atmosphere, drying facility for implementing said method, and product obtained
FR3090835A1 (en) * 2018-12-19 2020-06-26 Ways [Thermal drying process of wood under CO2 atmosphere, drying installation for the implementation of said process and product obtained]
CN113211580A (en) * 2021-05-08 2021-08-06 丁宇 A energy-saving door plant soaks auxiliary assembly for door plant production uses

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