WO2016159960A1 - Automated immunoanalyzer system for performing diagnostic assays for autoimmune and infectious diseases - Google Patents
Automated immunoanalyzer system for performing diagnostic assays for autoimmune and infectious diseases Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016159960A1 WO2016159960A1 PCT/US2015/023408 US2015023408W WO2016159960A1 WO 2016159960 A1 WO2016159960 A1 WO 2016159960A1 US 2015023408 W US2015023408 W US 2015023408W WO 2016159960 A1 WO2016159960 A1 WO 2016159960A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/564—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for pre-existing immune complex or autoimmune disease, i.e. systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid factors or complement components C1-C9
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54353—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals with ligand attached to the carrier via a chemical coupling agent
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/569—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for microorganisms, e.g. protozoa, bacteria, viruses
Definitions
- the present teachings are related to a system and process for performing diagnostic assays, and more particularly to an automated immunoanalyzer system and process for performing diagnostic assays for infectious and autoimmune diseases.
- a quantitative method for performing an automated diagnostic assay for autoimmune or infectious diseases comprises the steps of incubating a capture reagent with a streptavid in-coated medium to form a solid phase complex, wherein the capture reagent is a biotinylated autoantigen or infectious disease antigen; washing the solid phase complex to remove excess capture reagent; incubating the solid phase complex with a serum sample to form an immune complex; washing the immune complex to remove any unbound sample; incubating the immune complex with a conjugate to create an immune-conjugate complex; washing the immune-conjugate complex to remove any unbound conjugate; introducing a substrate capable of generating a quantifiable response; and calibrating the response generated from the substrate.
- a controlled process for binding fluorescent labels to particles within a patient sample includes binding luminescent labels to the particles, and quantifying the particles remaining after a series of washing steps in order to normalize a luminescence signal from the patient sample.
- the luminescent labels are bound to the particles in proportion to a number of bound analyte molecules.
- biotinylated capture reagent is incubated with a streptavidin-coated solid phase to illicit adhesion of the capture reagent to the solid phase by exploitation of the biotin-streptavidin interaction.
- the capture-reagent solid phase complex is then washed to remove excess biotinylation capture reagent.
- a serum sample is then incubated with the capture-reagent solid phase complex to illicit binding of autoantigen-specific immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, or IgA) present in the serum to the presented capture reagent and to create an immune complex.
- the immune complex is then washed to remove unbound immunoglobulin and then incubated with labeled antiimmunoglobulin conjugates to illicit binding of the conjugate to the autoantigen-specific immunoglobulin component of the immune complex and to create an immune-conjugate complex.
- the immune-conjugate complex is washed to remove the unbound labeled antiimmunoglobulin and then a substrate capable of generating a quantifiable response is introduced. The quantifiable response generated from adding the substrate is calibrated and the reported value adjusted for bead retention.
- biotinylated capture reagent is incubated with a streptavidin-coated solid phase to illicit adhesion of the capture reagent to the solid phase by exploitation of the biotin-streptavidin interaction.
- the capture-reagent solid phase complex is then washed to remove excess biotinylation capture reagent.
- a serum sample is then incubated with the capture-reagent solid phase complex to illicit binding of infectious agent-specific immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, or IgA) present in the serum to the presented capture reagent and to create an immune complex.
- infectious agent-specific immunoglobulins IgG, IgM, or IgA
- the immune complex is then washed to remove unbound immunoglobulin and then incubated with labeled anti-immunoglobulin conjugates to illicit binding of the conjugate to the autoantigen-specific immunoglobulin component of the immune complex and to create an immune-conjugate complex.
- the immune-conjugate complex is washed to remove the unbound labeled anti-immunoglobulin and then a substrate capable of generating a quantifiable response is introduced.
- the quantifiable response generated from adding the substrate is calibrated and the reported value adjusted for bead retention.
- the biotinylated capture reagent is a biotinylated autoantigen or a biotinylated infectious agent.
- the biotinylated capture reagent is derived from the biotinylation of a purified protein, enzyme, or antibody.
- the biotinylated capture reagent is derived from the biotinylation of an infectious agent extract comprised of a multiplicity of antigens.
- the biotinylated capture reagent exists as an amalgam of multiple biotinylated capture reagents of different origins including purified proteins, enzymes, antibodies and extracts.
- the streptavidin-coated solid phase is a universal fluorescent-labeled magnetic microparticle.
- one or more of the washing steps include washing the solid phase complexes by magnetically sequestering the complex within a confined area of a reaction cuvette.
- the step of incubating the capture reagent-solid phase complex with a serum sample includes incubating a capture reagent-solid phase complex that is retained in a suspension by a reaction diluent including a high concentration of human serum albumin (HSA).
- a reaction diluent including a high concentration of human serum albumin (HSA).
- the step of incubating the immune complex with a labeled anti-immmunoglobulin conjugate comprises incubating an immune complex that is retained in a suspension by a conjugate diluent including a nominal concentration of polyethylene glycol.
- HRP horseradish peroxidase conjugated to an anti-immunoglobulin antibody
- HRP horseradish peroxidase
- the addition of a substrate to the immune-conjugate complex comprises adding Lumigen PS-Atto as the substrate capable of generating a quantifiable response, the quantifiable response existing as a chemiluminescent signal generated by HRP-PS-Atto reporter system and detected by a luminometer within an optics box.
- the step of adjusting a quantifiable response for bead retention includes the steps of: transferring the substrate and immune-conjugate complex to an optics box wherein both fluorescent and chemiluminescent signals are quantified; employing a ratio of initial to final fluorescence to adjust the quantified chemiluminescent signal for bead retention; and calibrating the adjusted chemiluminescent signal to calculate a reported value.
- an automated pipette arm with a reusable pipette tip aspirating the sample can be utilized.
- fluorescence is measured to determine bead retention, and luminescence is measured to detect the RLU signal generated by the chemistry.
- the measurements are entered into an algorithm to generate a "bead retention adjusted RLU" that is compared the calibration curve RLU, thereafter an immunoglubulin concentration is assigned.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a method for performing an automated diagnostic assay in accordance with the present application.
- FIG. 2 is a top schematic view of an automated immunochemistry analyzer and reagent system in accordance with the teachings of the present application.
- Disclosed herein is an automated immunoanalyzer instrument, reagent system, and methods for performing diagnostic assays for infectious and autoimmune diseases.
- immunoassays generally require that one or more separation phases be carried out in the reaction cuvette.
- a variety of techniques can be used, including, but not limited to, well coating techniques, bead coating techniques, or the use of paramagnetic particles.
- Each of these separation media are coated with a capture reagent that will bind analyte molecules of interest in the patient's blood sample.
- the biotinylated capture reagent can exist as an amalgam or mixture (i.e., capture reagents from a similar category but from different genus species).
- capture reagents from a similar category but from different genus species.
- numerous capture reagents are available and can be used in accordance with the present teachings. It should be understood herein that the amount and volume of each of the individual capture reagents used in accordance with the present teachings depends on their potency (i.e. their ability to produce a detectable response).
- paramagnetic particles When paramagnetic particles are used as the separation media, the paramagnetic particles are pulled to the wall of the cuvette by magnets during the washing process and then all of the liquid is aspirated. As those of skill in the art will understand and appreciate herein, during conventional washing processes, some of the paramagnetic particles may be aspirated along with the liquid and will therefore be lost for further chemistry processing. The loss of the magnetic particles becomes even more significant if the immunoassay procedure involves several wash steps.
- One of the objectives of the present teachings is to take into account the loss of paramagnetic particles that occur on an immunochemistry analyzer during these washing processes.
- the analytes of interest in a patient's blood sample bind to a capture reagent that has in turn been bound to the surface of a paramagnetic particle.
- Luminescent labels are then bound to these analyte molecules.
- a luminescing reagent or substrate is added to the cuvette it reacts with the luminescent label to produce light that is detectable by the analyzer's optical detector.
- the paramagnetic particles have a fluorescent label attached, fluorescently reading the contents within the cuvette will provide a means for determining the fraction of the particles that were lost during the wash steps.
- the automated analyzer utilizes common paramagnetic particles for the assays, including, but not limited to, magnetic beads or microparticles.
- a capture reagent is incubated and bound to the universal particles in a reaction cuvette to produce an assay- specific, particle-based reagent, sometimes referring to herein as a capture-reagent solid phase complex.
- a capture reagent that can be used for performing a diagnostic immunoassay is comprised of biotin- antigen, 10 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.4, 0.9% NaCI, 0.05% Tween-20, 1 % (w/v) human serum albumin, 1 %(v/v) ProClin 950, up to 5% (v/v) glycerol.
- another capture reagent that can be used for performing a diagnostic immunoassay is comprised of biotin-antigen, 10 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.4, 0.9% (w/v) NaCI, 0.05% Tween-20, 1 % (w/v) bovine serum albumin, 1 %(v/v) ProClin 950, 1 % protease inhibitor cocktail, 0.1 mM DTT, 25% (up to 30%) (v/v) glycerol.
- the patient sample After undergoing a washing process, the patient sample, and optionally a diluent if needed, is added to the particles in the cuvettes and incubated. This results in the capture of specific analyte molecules in the patient's blood sample.
- the reaction diluent (sample diluent) is comprised of 10 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.4, 500 mM NaCI, 0.02% Tween-20, 1 % (w/v) human serum albumin, 1 % (v/v) human IgG, 1 %(v/v) ProClin 950, 0.005% Antifoam-B v/v, 2% (w/v) PEG 6,000.
- the reaction diluent (sample diluent) is comprised of 10 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.4, 500 mM NaCI, 0.02% Tween-20, 25% (w/v) human serum albumin, 1 %(v/v) ProClin 950.
- HSA relative light unit
- Another washing process is then performed to remove any excess or unbound sample, and then a luminescent label and a conjugate is added to the cuvette.
- a luminescent label and a conjugate is added to the cuvette.
- the particles then undergo another wash process to remove any unbound conjugate, and then the substrate is added to the cuvette and incubated for a short period of time to allow the chemiluminescent glow reaction to reach equilibrium.
- F represents the corrected fluorescent signal (i.e., the measured signal corrected by the counting efficiency of the optical detector). Because the optical detector has a certain time resolution, as the number of photons detected per unit time increases, the likelihood of two photons arriving at the detector within that time resolution also increases. Since these two photons cannot be resolved by the detector, they will count as a single photon. Thus, the detection efficiency of the optical detector decreases as the incident photon flux increases.
- the biotinylated capture reagents can be derived from components including, but not necessarily limited to, purified proteins, enzymes, antibodies, DNA, nuclear extracts, cellular extracts and non-protein antigens (e.g., drugs or materials cross-linked to a protein).
- biotinylation processes and techniques commonly used for diagnostic infectious and autoimmune disease immunoassays can be utilized in accordance with the present teachings; however the biotin/protein ratio for the reaction can be optimized as needed to ensure optimum performance of the multiple biotinylated reagents used in the chemistry.
- a specific size linker arm of the biotin reagent is NHS-PEGi 2 -Biotin.
- the material can be crosslinked to a biotinylated protein for coating onto the streptavidin bead solid phase, while for autoimmune antigens, such as DNA, biotinylated dideoxynucleotides can be incorporated into the DNA.
- FIG. 1 A schematic illustration of an automated diagnostic assay process in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 1 .
- magnetic beads or microparticles manufactured with a streptavidin coating are mixed (incubated) with a known biotinylated antigen (step 10).
- biotinylated antigen step 10
- affinity binding between streptavidin and biotin facilitates antigen coating onto the surface of the beads and thereby allows for the use of a universal bead with on-board reagent preparation.
- a particularly useful incubation time range is from about 1 minute to about 15 minutes, more particularly from about 5 minutes to about 10 minutes and at a temperature of from about 2°C to about 40°C, more particularly from about 36.8°C to about 37.2°C.
- the products are mixed in a reaction cuvette so that the antigens coat the beads due to the biotin/streptavidin interaction.
- 10 ⁇ _ of streptavidin (SA)-coated bead is dispensed into the reaction cuvette, followed by 40 ⁇ _ biotinylated antigen, which is mixed during dispensation. The mixture is incubated for 1-15 minutes.
- the buffer can be comprised of 10 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.4, 0.9% (w/v) NaCI, 0.05% (v/v) Tween-20, 10 mg/mL HSA and 1 % (v/v) ProClin 950.
- an external magnet is used to immobilize the magnetic beads while the washing step is performed.
- the streptavidin coated magnetic beads are then released from the magnetic field and allowed to move freely within the reaction cuvette.
- a biological sample (serum or plasma) is then added to the reaction cuvette, followed by 40 ⁇ _ reaction buffer, thereby re- suspending the magnetic beads (step 30).
- a high concentration of human serum albumin (HSA) is also used within the suspension to promote macromolecular binding, as well as to keep the magnetic beads within the solution.
- Human IgG is added into the buffer to keep the reaction linear.
- the sample contains any antibodies (e.g., IgE, IgG, IgM, IgA) that are reactive to any of the antigen bead coatings, such antibodies will bind during this sample incubation step.
- the sample incubation is kept at 37°C for 40 minutes. After any antibodies within the patient sample bind with the beads, a second washing step is then performed to remove any non-bound patient sample (step 40).
- wash buffer concentrate 50 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.4, 4.5% (w/v) NaCI, 0.05% Tween-20, 0.05%(v/v) ProClin 950, 0.02% (v/v) Antifoam-C v/v) is added to resuspend the bead and then the beads are pulled down with a magnet for 1.5 min. After the solution is removed, the magnet is moved away, and 200 ⁇ _ of wash buffer is added to resuspend the bead. The wash is then repeated one more time.
- the beads are re-suspended in an antibody that is specific for human immunoglobulin G, M, E, or A (IgG/M/E/A).
- the antibody is conjugated to an enzyme (such as horseradish peroxidase) to bind to any specific patient antibodies that have been captured by the beads (step 50).
- the beads are then washed once again to remove any excess antibody (step 60), and a highly sensitive light-forming reagent (e.g., chemiluminescent substrate) is added to maximize detection sensitivity (step 70).
- a highly sensitive light-forming reagent e.g., chemiluminescent substrate
- Illustrative reagents that can be used as the chemiluminescent substrate in accordance with the teachings of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, Lumigen ® PS-atto, SuperSignal ® ELISA Pico Chemiluminescent Substrate or SuperSignal ® ELISA Femto Maximum Sensitivity Substrate.
- Lumigen ® PS-atto SuperSignal ® ELISA Pico Chemiluminescent Substrate or SuperSignal ® ELISA Femto Maximum Sensitivity Substrate.
- xanthene dyes aromatic amines and heterocyclic amines
- chemiluminescent compounds include, but are not limited to, dioxetane type molecules, luciferin, Lumigen ® PS- 2, Lumigen ® PS-3, Lumigen ® TMA-6, Lumigen ® TMA-3.
- step 80 the highly sensitive light-forming reagent is added to the reaction cuvette, light is produced (step 80).
- this light can be measured, by transferring the solution in a pipette tip into a reading station to read both the luminescent signal and fluorescent signal.
- light emitted in accordance with the present disclosure can be detected by any suitable known detection means available within the art, including, but not limited to, a luminometer, x-ray film, high speed photographic film, a CCD camera, a scintillation counter, a chemical actinometer or visually.
- each detection means has a different spectral sensitivity, as such; the chosen detection device can be governed by several factors including, the application and use, cost and convenience.
- Ig antigen-specific immunoglobulin
- RLU relative light unit
- RLU generated by a positive/negative sample for any antigen-specific Ig (slg) is compared to RLU generated by a total IgE (tig) calibration curve.
- the calibration curve is generated by subjecting a range of pre-diluted total Ig (tig) calibrators (which are generated from WHO standards) evaluated using a biotinylated anti-lg capture reagent.
- FIG. 2 illustrates an automated immunochemistry analyzer and reagent system 100 that can be used to quantify and normalize the luminescence signal of an analyte sample in accordance with the teachings of the present disclosure.
- the automated immunochemistry analyzer 100 begins by first dispensing fluorescently labelled paramagnetic particles, or fluo-beads, into a cuvette located within the reaction rotor 106.
- an exemplary Fluo-Bead includes Fluo-Bead (SA- Speed Bead, Atto 590 labeled), 1 mg/mL.
- the fluo-beads may initially be located in the vortexer 102 and be transferred to the reaction rotor 106 by the R1 pipettor 104.
- the R1 pipettor 104 can aspirate a desired quantity of the fluo-bead mixture and transfer the aspirated quantity to the reaction rotor 106 where it is injected into the cuvette of the reaction rotor 106.
- the optics pipettor 108 may aspirate a test sample from the cuvette of the reaction rotor 106 and transfer the test sample to the optics box 1 10. Once the sample is disposed within the optics box 1 10, fluorescence and luminescence measurements can be recorded.
- the initial recording of the fluorescence and luminescence signal can be used as a baseline measurement for the fluorescence signal that can correspond to the initial concentration of fluo-beads in a sample.
- the multi rinse pipettor 1 12 can rinse the cuvettes using a wash buffer.
- fluo-beads may be transferred from the vortexer 102 to a cuvette in the reaction rotor 106 via the R1 pipettor 104. Then, the R1 pipettor 104 may aspirate a capture reagent from the reagent rotor 1 14 and inject the capture reagent into the cuvette located in the reaction rotor 106. After an incubation period, the single rinse pipettor 1 16 may inject a rinse buffer to resuspend the fluo-bead. A substantial amount of the suspended fluo-bead may then be localized by magnets within the reaction rotor 106 over a period of time.
- the multi rinse pipettor 1 12 may aspirate and dispose of a portion of the rinse buffer, leaving a portion of the fluo-beads localized within the cuvette.
- the multi rinse pipettor 1 12 may proceed to inject a wash buffer into the cuvette of the reaction rotor 106, resuspending the fluo-beads.
- the fluo- beads may again be localized by the magnets within the reaction rotor 106 to be followed by the multi rinse pipettor 1 12 aspirating and discarding a portion of the sample that was not localized from the cuvette in the reaction rotor 106.
- a patient sample may be contained in a sample tube on in the sample rotor 1 18.
- the patient sample may further be partially diluted with a sample diluent.
- the sample pipettor 120 may aspirate a portion of the patient sample and inject the patient sample into the cuvette of the reaction rotor 106 to resuspend the fluo-beads.
- the cuvette containing the patient sample within the reaction rotor 106 may then incubate at a specific temperature, for a specific amount of time.
- the single rinse pipettor 1 16 may inject the rinse buffer to again resuspend the fluo-beads.
- Another localization process is performed by the reaction rotor 106 by allowing the fluo-beads to substantially collect within the cuvette near the magnets in the reaction rotor 106.
- the multi rinse pipettor 1 12 may aspirate and discard a portion of the fluid within the cuvette of the reaction rotor 106 that was not localized during the localization process.
- a couple of rinse cycles may then be performed on the sample within the cuvette of the reaction rotor 106.
- the rinse cycle may comprise using the multi rinse pipettor 1 12 to inject a wash buffer into the cuvette to resuspend the fluo-beads.
- Another localization step may allow the fluo-beads to collect within the cuvette by the magnets within the reaction rotor 106.
- the multi rinse pipettor 1 12 may aspirate and unintentionally discard a portion of the sample, leaving a portion of the fluo-beads within the cuvette of the reaction rotor 106.
- Another rinse cycle may then occur by using the multi rinse pipettor 1 12 to again inject wash buffer into the cuvette and allow the fluo-beads to resuspend.
- Another fluo-bead localization process may utilize the magnets within the reaction rotor 106 to localize the fluo-beads from the rest of the sample.
- the multi rinse pipettor 1 12 may aspirate a portion of the sample that was not localized by the localization process.
- the R2 pipettor 122 may aspirate a conjugate contained in a conjugate cuvette within the reagent rotor 1 14.
- the R2 pipettor 122 may then inject the previously aspirated conjugate into the cuvette of the reaction rotor 106.
- the single rinse pipettor 1 16 may inject a rinse buffer into the cuvette in the reaction rotor 106.
- Another fluo-bead localization cycle may be performed by allowing magnets within the reaction rotor 106 to substantially localize the fluo-beads within the cuvette.
- the multi rinse pipettor 1 12 may aspirate and discard a portion of the sample within the cuvette that has not been localized during the localization cycle.
- Two more rinse cycles may be performed on the sample within the cuvette of the reaction rotor 106.
- the multi rinse pipettor 1 12 may inject a wash buffer to resuspend the fluo-beads within the cuvette.
- Another fluo-bead localization cycle may localize the fluo- beads by locating the cuvette within close proximity to the magnets in the reaction rotor 106 over an adequate period of time.
- the multi rinse pipettor 1 12 may aspirate and discard a portion of the sample that was not localized during the localization cycle.
- a second wash cycle may then occur by using the multi rinse pipettor 1 12 to inject the wash buffer to resuspend the fluo-beads.
- Another localization cycle may utilize the magnets within the reaction rotor 106 to localize the fluo-beads within the cuvette.
- the multi rinse pipettor 1 12 may again aspirate and discard a portion of the sample that was not localized during the localization cycle.
- the R2 pipettor 122 may aspirate a portion of conjugate from the reagent rotor 1 14 and inject the conjugate into the mixed substrate container 124 creating a mixed substrate sample.
- the R2 pipettor may then aspirate the mixed substrate sample from the mixed substrate container 124 and inject the mixed substrate sample into the cuvette of the reaction rotor 106, resuspending the fluo-bead with the mixed substrate sample.
- the sample in the cuvette of the reaction rotor 106 may then be aspirated by the optics pipettor 108 and placed in the optics box 1 10. After the optics box makes fluorescence and luminescence optical observations, the sample is discarded and the multi rinse pipettor rinses the cuvettes of the reaction rotor 106 in preparation for the next test.
- Antigens can be proteins, polypeptides, peptides, nucleic acids, lipids, enzymes, immunoglobulins, or nucleotides.
- protein refers to amino acid sequences longer than 100 amino acids.
- polypeptides refers to amino acid sequences between 10 and 100 amino acids in length.
- peptides refers to amino acid sequences less than 10 amino acids in length.
- a "nucleotide” refers to a single purine or pyrimidine molecule while the term “nucleic acid” refers to a nucleotide sequence.
- DNA is a nucleic acid while guanine is a nucleotide.
- Non-limiting examples of autoimmune disorders that can be diagnosed using the method disclosed herein include acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), Addison's disease, an anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome (APS), arthritis (e.g., monoarthritis, oligoarthritis, or a polyarthritis like osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, septic arthritis) spondyloarthropathy, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, autoimmune hepatitis, autoimmune inner ear disease, bullous pemphigoid, celiac disease, Chagas disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diabetes mellitus type 1 (IDDM), endometriosis, a gastrointestinal disorder (e.g., irritable bowel disease or an inflammatory bowel disease like Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis), Goodpasture's syndrome, Graves' disease, Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS),
- Non-limiting examples of autoantigens include, but are not limited to, aggrecan, alanyl-tRNA syntetase (PL-12), alpha beta crystallin, alpha fodrin (Sptan 1 ), alpha-actinin, a1 antichymotrypsin, a1 antitripsin, a1 microglobulin, alsolase, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, amyloid (e.g., amyloid beta, amyloid P), annexins (e.g., annexin II, annexin V), apolipoproteins (e.g., ApoB, ApoE, ApoE4, ApoJ), aquaporin (e.g., AQP1 , AQP2, AQP3, AQP4), bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI), ⁇ -globin precursor BP1 , ⁇ -actin, ⁇ - lactoglobulin
- Infectious agents include, but are not limited to bacteria, virus, viroids, prions, nemotodes (e.g., roundworms, pinworms), parasites (malaria, tapeworm), and fungi (e.g., yeast, ringworm).
- infectious agent includes, but are not limited to bacteria, virus, viroids, prions, nemotodes (e.g., roundworms, pinworms), parasites (malaria, tapeworm), and fungi (e.g., yeast, ringworm).
- infectious agent “pathogen”, “pathogenic microorganism” and “microorganism” all refer to the infectious agents listed above.
- Antigens from infectious agents can be any isolated protein, glycoprotein, nucleic acid, enzyme, lipid, liposaccharide, or combination thereof, from an infectious agent. Antigens can also include extracts or homogenized preparations from infectious agents which include a plurality of different antigenic moieties.
- a sample contains autoimmune antibodies to self antigens (autoantigens), or antibodies to an infectious agent
- fluorescently labeled paramagnetic microparticles e.g., fluo-beads
- a sample of the cuvette is obtained prior to washing for a fluorescent reading to determination of the starting number of magnetic beads in the reaction cuvette.
- the patient sample, and optionally a diluent if needed is added to the particles in the cuvettes and incubated. This results in the capture of specific analyte molecules (antibodies) in the patient's blood sample.
- Another washing process is then performed to remove any excess or unbound sample, and then a luminescent label and a conjugate is added to the cuvette.
- a luminescent label and a conjugate is added to the cuvette.
- the particles then undergo another wash process to remove any unbound conjugate, and then the substrate is added to the cuvette and incubated for a short period of time to allow the chemiluminescent glow reaction to reach equilibrium.
- the reagent solution is mixed and placed on ice for 2 hours. Free biotin reagent is separated from the biotinylated antibody by dialysis against two changes of PBS (volume ratio of antibody to buffer - 1 : 100) at 2-8 °C for 4 hours and overnight.
- PBS volume ratio of antibody to buffer - 1 : 100
- Fluo-Bead Fluorescence labeled para-magnetic microparticles
- bead concentration 1 mg/mL
- 40 ⁇ of biotin-antigen e.g., infectious disease antigen, autoantigen, etc
- biotin-anti-lg antibody e.g., biotin-anti-lg antibody
- a 10 ⁇ _ sample was added to 40 ⁇ _ of suspended antigen-coated beads in reaction cuvette.
- 10 ⁇ _ of serum standards (secondary standards calibrated against a WHO Ig Standard) are each added to 40 ⁇ _ of anti-lg-coated beads in a reaction cuvette.
- anti-lg conjugates are utilized: for assays: anti-lgE-HRP; anti-lgA-HRP, anti-lgG-HRP, anti-lgM-HRP, anti-ECP-HRP, and anti-tryptase-HRP.
- each conjugate has an optimized HRP incorporation ratio for use in the chemistry.
- the range of HRP incorporation ratio used for the listed conjugates is between about 1.2 and about 5.4.
- the present teachings also contemplate the incorporation of other types of conjugate-reporter systems including, but not limited to: alkaline phosphatase conjugate and b-galactosidase conjugate.
- a list of illustrative reagents and components that may be used in accordance with the present teachings include, but are not necessarily limited to: Bead: Fluo-Bead (SA- Speed Bead, Atto 590 labeled), 1 mg/mL; Capture Reagent Diluent: IgE: 10 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.4, 0.9% (w/v) NaCI, 0.05% Tween-20, 1 % (w/v) human serum albumin, 1 %(v/v) ProClin 950, up to 5% (v/v) glycerol; ANA: 10 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.4, 0.9% (w/v) NaCI, 0.05% Tween-20, 1 % (w/v) bovine serum albumin, 1 % Protease inhibitor cocktail, 0.1 mM DTT, 1 %(v/v) ProClin 950, 25% (up to 30%) (v/v) glycerol; Wash
- Fluo-Bead Fluorescence labeled para-magnetic microparticles
- bead concentration 1 mg/mL
- 40 ⁇ _ of biotin-antigen e.g., myelin basic protein, collagen, insulin, etc
- biotin-anti-lgG antibody or alternatively, anti-lgM or anti-lgA
- a sample of the labeled Fluo-Bead is obtained to determine the starting number of beads.
- antigen- or anti-lgG-coated beads are resuspended in 40 ⁇ _ of reaction buffer.
- Serum samples obtained from individuals are assayed against antigens.
- a 10 ⁇ _ sample is added to 40 ⁇ _ of suspended antigen-coated beads in reaction cuvette.
- 10 ⁇ _ of serum standards (secondary standards calibrated against the WHO IgG Standard) are each added to 40 ⁇ _ of anti-lgG-coated beads in a reaction cuvette.
- Fluo-Bead Fluorescence labeled para-magnetic microparticles
- bead concentration 1 mg/mL
- 40 ⁇ of biotin-antigen from e.g., human immunodeficiency virus, Ebola virus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, etc
- biotin-anti-lgG antibody or alternatively, anti-lgM or anti-lgA
- a sample of the labeled Fluo-Bead is obtained to determine the starting number of beads.
- antigen- or anti-lgG- coated beads are resuspended in 40 ⁇ of reaction buffer. Serum samples obtained from individuals are assayed against antigens. A 10 ⁇ sample is added to 40 ⁇ of suspended antigen-coated beads in reaction cuvette. For the six point standard curve, 10 ⁇ of serum standards (secondary standards calibrated against the WHO IgG Standard) are each added to 40 ⁇ L of anti-lgG-coated beads in a reaction cuvette. [0072] The solutions are mixed and incubated for 40 min at 37°C. After washing, beads are resuspended in 50 ⁇ _ of anti-human IgG-HRP conjugate, and incubated at 37°C for 30 min.
- PS-atto 50 ⁇ _ of PS-atto (Lumigen) is added into each cuvette and the beads resuspended.
- the bead suspension is transferred into a pipette tip and read in the optic box for both fluorescence and luminescence signal.
- the standard curve is determined using a four parameter logistic function equation and levels of specific IgG to the infectious agent antigens interpolated from the standard curve.
Abstract
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EP15887969.2A EP3278109A4 (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2015-03-30 | Automated immunoanalyzer system for performing diagnostic assays for autoimmune and infectious diseases |
AU2015389978A AU2015389978A1 (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2015-03-30 | Automated immunoanalyzer system for performing diagnostic assays for autoimmune and infectious diseases |
CN201580078733.XA CN107548461A (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2015-03-30 | Immunoassay instrument system for the automation of the diagnostic measure that performs autoimmune disease and infectious diseases |
CA2981455A CA2981455A1 (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2015-03-30 | Automated immunoanalyzer system for performing diagnostic assays for autoimmune and infectious diseases |
JP2017551241A JP2018510354A (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2015-03-30 | Automated immunoassay system for performing diagnostic assays for autoimmunity and infectious diseases |
PCT/US2015/023408 WO2016159960A1 (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2015-03-30 | Automated immunoanalyzer system for performing diagnostic assays for autoimmune and infectious diseases |
HK18108131.3A HK1248804A1 (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2018-06-25 | Automated immunoanalyzer system for performing diagnostic assays for autoimmune and infectious diseases |
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JP (1) | JP2018510354A (en) |
CN (1) | CN107548461A (en) |
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AU2015389978A1 (en) | 2017-09-28 |
EP3278109A1 (en) | 2018-02-07 |
CN107548461A (en) | 2018-01-05 |
JP2018510354A (en) | 2018-04-12 |
EP3278109A4 (en) | 2018-08-15 |
CA2981455A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
HK1248804A1 (en) | 2018-10-19 |
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