WO2016150188A1 - 一种致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留充填墙体的方法 - Google Patents

一种致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留充填墙体的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016150188A1
WO2016150188A1 PCT/CN2015/095914 CN2015095914W WO2016150188A1 WO 2016150188 A1 WO2016150188 A1 WO 2016150188A1 CN 2015095914 W CN2015095914 W CN 2015095914W WO 2016150188 A1 WO2016150188 A1 WO 2016150188A1
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mining face
filling wall
coal
mining
filler wall
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PCT/CN2015/095914
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张农
潘东江
吕创新
韩昌良
薛飞
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China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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Priority to AU2015387618A priority Critical patent/AU2015387618B2/en
Publication of WO2016150188A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016150188A1/zh
Priority to ZA2017/01756A priority patent/ZA201701756B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • E21F15/02—Supporting means, e.g. shuttering, for filling-up materials
    • E21F15/04—Stowing mats; Goaf wire netting; Partition walls

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  • the invention relates to a method for cracking a residual filling wall of an adjacent coal mining face, and is particularly suitable for continuous pressure relief mining of a deep coal seam group.
  • the retaining lane along the empty space is to construct a wall with a certain bearing capacity along the edge of the goaf, and retain the mining roadway of the adjacent coal mining face as the mining face of the coal mining face. It is one of the key technologies for continuous pressure relief mining of deep coal seams. It is used to solve the safety problems of rock burst, coal and gas outburst, high gas and high ground pressure.
  • the cement-based wall is fast-setting and early-strength, supplemented by reinforcing bolts and three-dimensional reinforced ribs, which can basically ensure the normal use of the mining roadway of the two coal mining faces.
  • the cement-based wall is affected by the two mining forces, it still increases the resistance and can not self-destruct the bearing capacity.
  • the concentrated stress zone is formed in the upper and lower adjacent coal seams, which can not achieve the purpose of continuous pressure relief. It is a safety hazard adjacent to coal seam mining. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a method to aggravate the filling wall of the adjacent coal mining face left in the goaf when the mining face is recovered, and destroy its bearing capacity.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a method for cracking a residual filling wall of an adjacent coal mining face.
  • the method for leaving the wall of the adjacent coal mining face of the present invention is as follows:
  • the charging step is not greater than the stepping distance of the end hydraulic support, and 1 to 2 rows of drilling and grouting charges are arranged inside the end of the hydraulic support frame; the grouting slurry Made of SCA-I or SCA-II type static breaker, the hole is sealed with yellow mud or polyurethane foam;
  • the inclined downward drilling hole has an inclination angle of 10 to 25°, a hole diameter of 40 to 100 mm, a hole pitch of 0.4 to 0.8 m, a row spacing of 0.3 to 0.7 m, a hole pitch of the top and a bottom plate of 0.5 to 1.0 m, and a bottom of the hole.
  • the side of the gob from the filling wall is 20 to 30 cm.
  • the water agent ratio of the grouting slurry is 0.25 to 0.35, and the charge amount of the static crushing agent per unit volume of the filling wall is 10 to 25 kg.
  • the present invention Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of good effect, low cost, simple operation, safety and reliability.
  • the specific advantages are as follows:
  • the static crushing agent has a large expansion force, and the micro-cracks initiated by the mining pressure in the early stage of the filling wall are used to aggravate the filling wall left in the goaf by the adjacent coal mining face, and combined with the effect of the lag mining stress. The resulting wall is finally broken.
  • the overburden can fully sink, effectively eliminating the stress concentration effect of the wall on the upper and lower adjacent coal seams, achieving the purpose of continuous pressure relief, and solving the safety hazard of adjacent coal seam mining.
  • the pre-drilling hole is inclined by 10 ⁇ 25°, which is convenient for workers to work, and partially utilizes the characteristics that the wall body is prone to brittle tensile damage along the 45° oblique section, which effectively saves the crushing power and reduces the crushing cost.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of drilling holes near the end hydraulic support of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wall of the present invention.
  • the multiplexed filling wall 1 is reserved for construction 1 to 3 rows of inclined downward drilling 2; the inclined downward drilling 2 is inclined
  • the angle is 10 ⁇ 25°
  • the aperture is 40-100mm
  • the pitch is 0.4-0.8m
  • the row spacing is 0.3-0.7m
  • the hole is 0.5 ⁇ 1.0m from the top and the bottom plate
  • the hole bottom is filled with the gob of the wall 1.
  • the side is 20 to 30 cm.
  • the charging step is not greater than the stepping distance of the end hydraulic support 6, and the first to second rows of bores 2 of the end of the hydraulic support 6 are filled with grouting charge;
  • the grouting slurry is prepared by mixing water with SCA-I or SCA-II type static breaking agent 5, and the drilling hole is sealed with yellow mud or polyurethane foam 7; the ratio of water to the grouting slurry is 0.25-0.35
  • the filling amount of the static crushing agent 5 per unit volume of the filling wall 1 is 10 to 25 kg.
  • the stress concentration peak appears at the leading working face of 13m, and the stress concentration factor reaches 1.67.
  • the overall quality of the filling wall 1 is good, and a small amount of cracks appear on the surface.
  • the coal face of the advanced coal face is 3m away from the surface of the filling wall 1 and 2 rows of inclined downward boreholes 2, the inclination angle is 15°, the aperture is 50mm, the hole spacing is 0.6m, the row spacing is 0.6m, and the hole is 1.0m from the top plate. 1.0m from the bottom plate, the bottom of the hole is 25cm away from the other side of the wall 1.
  • the charging step is not more than the stepping distance of the end hydraulic support 6, the stepping distance of the end hydraulic support 6 is 0.6 m, and it is determined that one row of the bore grouting charge is arranged inside the rear end of the hydraulic bracket 6 of the end.
  • SCA-II type static breaking agent 5 is used, the water agent ratio is about 0.3, and the orifice is about 10 cm, and the yellow mud 7 is used for sealing.
  • the volume of the static crushing agent 5 per unit volume of the filling wall 1 is 10 to 25 kg.
  • the already-filled borehole 2 enters the rear of the coal mining face 3, and after 3 to 8 hours, the expansion pressure is generated, and the micro-cracks initiated by the pre-mineral pressure of the filling wall 1 are used to intensify the filling wall. 1 cracking. Combined with the influence of the lag mining stress, the remaining filling wall 1 is finally broken.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

一种致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留充填墙体的方法，适用于深部煤层群连续卸压开采。根据充填墙体（1）尺寸、构筑方式和前期破损状态，设计钻孔（2）布置方式和参数、装药量；超前采煤工作面（3）在巷内向相邻采煤工作面（4）遗留复用的充填墙体施工1～3排倾斜下向钻孔；对端头液压支架（6）架内后方的1～2列钻孔灌浆装药并封孔；随着采煤工作面的推进，端头液压支架架内后方已装药的钻孔进入采煤工作面后方，利用充填墙体前期矿压萌生的微裂隙，加剧充填墙体开裂，结合滞后采动应力影响，遗留充填墙体最终破碎。该方法可致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留在采空区的充填墙体，从而有效消除其对上下邻近煤层中的应力集中影响，实现连续卸压的目的，解决邻近煤层开采的安全隐患。

Description

一种致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留充填墙体的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留充填墙体的方法，尤其适用于深部煤层群的连续卸压开采。
背景技术
沿空留巷是沿采空区边缘构筑具有一定承载能力的墙体，将相邻采煤工作面回采巷道保留下来，作为本采煤工作面回采使用。它是深部煤层群连续卸压开采的关键技术之一，用于解决冲击矿压、煤与瓦斯突出、高瓦斯、高地压等安全难题。
目前采用水泥基类材料构筑沿空留巷墙体越来越普遍，尤其是深部矿区。水泥基类墙体速凝早强，辅以抗剪锚杆、三维加强筋等加强手段，基本能够保证两个采煤工作面回采巷道正常使用。虽然水泥基类墙体受两次采动影响萌生微裂隙，但仍持续增阻，并不能自破坏承载性能，在上下邻近煤层中形成了集中应力区，达不到连续卸压的目的，仍然是邻近煤层开采的安全隐患。因此，目前迫切需要提供一种方法，在本采煤工作面回采时，加剧致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留在采空区的充填墙体，破坏其承载能力。
发明内容
技术问题：本发明的目的是克服已有技术中的不足，提供一种致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留充填墙体的方法。
技术方案：本发明的致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留充填墙体的方法如下：
a、根据充填墙体尺寸、构筑方式和前期破损状态，设计钻孔布置方式和参数、装药量；
b、超前采煤工作面，在巷内向相邻采煤工作面保留复用的充填墙体施工1～3排倾斜下向的钻孔；
c、采煤、装药作业同步进行，装药步距不大于端头液压支架的推移步距，对端头液压支架架内后方的1～2列钻孔灌浆装药；所述灌浆浆体由SCA-Ⅰ或SCA-Ⅱ型静力破碎剂拌水制成，钻孔孔口用黄泥或聚氨酯泡沫进行封孔；
d、随着采煤工作面的推进，端头液压支架架内后方已装药的钻孔进入采煤工作面后方，3～8h后产生膨胀压力，利用充填墙体前期矿压萌生的微裂隙，加剧充填墙体开裂，结合滞后采动应力影响，遗留充填墙体最终破碎；
e、重复步骤b、c，直至完成致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留充填墙体。
所述倾斜下向的钻孔倾斜角度为10～25°，孔径为40～100mm，孔距为0.4～0.8m，排距为0.3～0.7m，孔眼距顶、底板0.5～1.0m，孔底距充填墙体的采空区侧面为20～30cm。
所述灌浆浆体的水剂比为0.25～0.35，单位体积充填墙体静态破碎剂的装药量为10～25kg。
有益效果：由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明与现有技术相比：效果好，成本低，操作简易，安全可靠。具体优点如下：
1)静力破碎剂膨胀力度大，利用充填墙体前期矿压萌生的微裂隙，加剧致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留在采空区的充填墙体，并结合滞后采动应力的作用，使充填墙体最终破碎。覆岩能够充分下沉，有效消除了墙体对上下邻近煤层中的应力集中影响，实现了连续卸压的目的，解决了邻近煤层开采的安全隐患。
2)在静力破碎过程中，不产生飞石、粉尘、废气，安全系数高。
3)超前钻孔倾斜10～25°，便于工人作业，并部分利用了墙体易发生沿45°斜截面脆性受拉破坏的特性，有效节约了破碎动力，降低了破碎成本。
4)工人超前采煤工作面或端头液压支架架内作业，作业安全。
5)工序简单，方便操作，工人作业强度低，作业时间少。
附图说明
图1是本发明的采煤工作面回采时俯视示意图；
图2是本发明的端头液压支架附近钻孔布置示意图；
图3是本发明的墙体钻孔剖视示意图。
图中：1-充填墙体；2-钻孔；3-采煤工作面；4-相邻采煤工作面；5-静力破碎剂；6-端头液压支架；7-黄泥或聚氨酯泡沫。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的一个实施例作进一步的描述：
本发明的致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留充填墙体的方法，具体步骤如下：
a、根据充填墙体1尺寸、构筑方式和前期破损状态，设计钻孔2布置方式和参数、装药量；
b、超前采煤工作面3，在巷内向相邻采煤工作面4保留复用的充填墙体1施工1～3排倾斜下向的钻孔2；所述倾斜下向的钻孔2倾斜角度为10～25°，孔径为40～100mm，孔距为0.4～0.8m，排距为0.3～0.7m，孔眼距顶、底板0.5～1.0m，孔底距充填墙体1的采空区侧面为20～30cm。
c、采煤、装药作业同步进行，装药步距不大于端头液压支架6的推移步距，对端头液压支架6架内后方的1～2列钻孔2灌浆装药；所述灌浆浆体由SCA-Ⅰ或SCA-Ⅱ型静力破碎剂5拌水制成，钻孔孔口用黄泥或聚氨酯泡沫7进行封孔；所述灌浆浆体的水剂比为0.25～0.35，单位体积充填墙体1静态破碎剂5的装药量为10～25kg。
d、随着采煤工作面3的推进，端头液压支架6架内后方已装药的钻孔2进入采煤工作面3后方，3～8h后产生膨胀压力，利用充填墙体1前期矿压萌生的微裂隙，加剧充填墙体(1)开裂，结合滞后采动应力影响，遗留充填墙体1最终破碎；
e、重复步骤b、c，直至完成致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留充填墙体。
实施例1、某矿相邻采煤工作面4保留复用的充填墙体1宽×高＝3m×2.6m，采用泵送C30膏体材料构筑，并辅以抗剪锚杆。本采煤工作面3回采时，应力集中峰值出现在超前工作面13m，应力集中系数达1.67，此处附近充填墙体1整体质量良好，表面出现少量裂纹。
超前采煤工作面3距离30m，在巷内向充填墙体1施工2排倾斜下向钻孔2，倾斜角度15°，孔径50mm，孔距0.6m，排距0.6m，孔眼距顶板1.0m，距底板1.0m，孔底距充填墙体1另一侧25cm。
采煤、装药作业同步进行。根据装药步距不大于端头液压支架6的推移步距的原则，端头液压支架6的推移步距0.6m，确定对端头液压支架6架内后方的1列钻孔灌浆装药。采用SCA-Ⅱ型静力破碎剂5，水剂比0.3左右，孔口留约10cm用黄泥7进行封孔。单位体积充填墙体1静态破碎剂5的装药量10～25kg。
随着采煤工作面3的推进，已经装药的钻孔2进入采煤工作面3后方，3～8h后产生膨胀压力，利用充填墙体1前期矿压萌生的微裂隙，加剧充填墙体1开裂。结合滞后采动应力影响，遗留充填墙体1最终破碎。
如图1、图2、图3所示。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留充填墙体的方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
    a、根据充填墙体(1)尺寸、构筑方式和前期破损状态，设计钻孔(2)布置方式和参数、装药量；
    b、超前采煤工作面(3)，在巷内向相邻采煤工作面(4)保留复用的充填墙体(1)施工1～3排倾斜下向的钻孔(2)；
    c、采煤、装药作业同步进行，装药步距不大于端头液压支架(6)的推移步距，对端头液压支架(6)架内后方的1～2列钻孔(2)灌浆装药；所述灌浆浆体由SCA-Ⅰ或SCA-Ⅱ型静力破碎剂(5)拌水制成，钻孔孔口用黄泥或聚氨酯泡沫(7)进行封孔；
    d、随着采煤工作面(3)的推进，端头液压支架(6)架内后方已装药的钻孔(2)进入采煤工作面(3)后方，3～8h后产生膨胀压力，利用充填墙体(1)前期矿压萌生的微裂隙，加剧充填墙体(1)开裂，结合滞后采动应力影响，遗留充填墙体(1)最终破碎；
    e、重复步骤b、c，直至完成致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留充填墙体。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留充填墙体的方法，其特征在于：所述倾斜下向的钻孔(2)倾斜角度为10～25°，孔径为40～100mm，孔距为0.4～0.8m，排距为0.3～0.7m，孔眼距顶、底板0.5～1.0m，孔底距充填墙体(1)的采空区侧面为20～30cm。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留充填墙体的方法，其特征在于：所述灌浆浆体的水剂比为0.25～0.35，单位体积充填墙体(1)静态破碎剂(5)的装药量为10～25kg。
PCT/CN2015/095914 2015-03-25 2015-11-30 一种致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留充填墙体的方法 Ceased WO2016150188A1 (zh)

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AU2015387618A AU2015387618B2 (en) 2015-03-25 2015-11-30 Method for fracturing filler wall left behind in adjacent coal-mining face
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CN201510134567.2A CN104847406B (zh) 2015-03-25 2015-03-25 一种致裂相邻采煤工作面遗留充填墙体的方法

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CN106761543A (zh) * 2016-12-02 2017-05-31 淮北矿业股份有限公司 一种钻孔通过采空区漏失段的方法
CN109252891A (zh) * 2018-11-05 2019-01-22 徐州中矿大贝克福尔科技股份有限公司 一种膏体充填连续柔性密封装置及隔离方法
CN113153299A (zh) * 2021-05-11 2021-07-23 四川川煤华荣能源有限责任公司 微波定向切顶卸压沿空留巷方法
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CN114856567A (zh) * 2022-05-16 2022-08-05 中国矿业大学(北京) 一种近距离变层间距下煤层回采巷道布置位置确定方法

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