WO2016149784A1 - Appareil et procédé pour la gestion de débris lors de la fabrication ou la rupture de tubulaires - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé pour la gestion de débris lors de la fabrication ou la rupture de tubulaires Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016149784A1
WO2016149784A1 PCT/CA2015/000179 CA2015000179W WO2016149784A1 WO 2016149784 A1 WO2016149784 A1 WO 2016149784A1 CA 2015000179 W CA2015000179 W CA 2015000179W WO 2016149784 A1 WO2016149784 A1 WO 2016149784A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnets
parts
tong
tool
assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2015/000179
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
William Anthony ZEPEDA
Philip Chase JOHNSON
Jochen Pfrenger
Original Assignee
Mccoy Global Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mccoy Global Inc. filed Critical Mccoy Global Inc.
Priority to PCT/CA2015/000179 priority Critical patent/WO2016149784A1/fr
Publication of WO2016149784A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016149784A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/16—Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints
    • E21B19/165—Control or monitoring arrangements therefor
    • E21B19/166—Arrangements of torque limiters or torque indicators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/16—Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints
    • E21B19/161—Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints using a wrench or a spinner adapted to engage a circular section of pipe

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods and apparatus for controlling debris in machinery. More particularly it relates to means of controlling debris in machinery used for making and breaking tubular connections.
  • Hydrocarbon wells are typically several thousands of feet, but the practical manufactured length of pipe used for drilling and casing these wells is generally no more than forty feet. Therefore, it is necessary to construct the required long strings of pipe using short sections with threaded connections at each end.
  • threaded connections be able to reliably withstand high pressures and tensile loads.
  • the threaded connections must also be able to be reliably disconnected and reconnected should problems occur in the drilling and casing of hydrocarbon wells.
  • Equipment used in the make up and breakout of drilling and casing tubulars include casing running tools, tongs, power tongs, backup wrenches and bucking units.
  • the apparatuses consist of a pair of wrenches, one stationary and one rotating, with motors driving a transmission to achieve the necessary torque for proper makeup or breakout.
  • An apparatus for making up and breaking out wellbore tubular, comprising a gripping tool having one or more tool parts and one or more magnets connected to at least one of said one or more tool parts.
  • a method is also taught for controlling debris in an apparatus for making up and breaking out wellbore tubular.
  • the method comprises the steps of operating one or more tool parts on said apparatus and attracting and collecting debris on one or more magnets connected to at least one of said one or more tool parts.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of one example of a pipe joining system for use with the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a front elevation view of one example of a backup assembly for use with the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a rear elevation view of one example of a backup assembly for use with the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a cross sectional elevation view of one example of a backup assembly for use with the present invention, showing the interior actuator mechanism;
  • Figure 5 is a front perspective view of one example of a tong assembly for use with the present invention;
  • Figure 6 is a front cross sectional elevation view of one example of a tong assembly for use with the present invention, illustrating the cam surfaces of the tong cage plate assembly;
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of one example of a pipe joining system for use with the present invention, with a tubular fed thereinto;
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of a detail of one embodiment of a jaw assembly for use with the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of one method of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides apparatus and methods for reducing debris collection in the critical parts of tubular make up and breakout equipment often used in a manufacturing or field environment. More particularly the present invention incorporates the use of magnets to attract falling debris in such equipment.
  • a pipe joining system 2 for use with the present invention is illustrated and includes a base frame 4 which can be rigidly affixed to a foundation or a secondary base.
  • the base frame 4 is movable for supporting tools associated with making and breaking tubular connections.
  • Tools utilized in the pipe joining system 2 may include a tong assembly 6 and backup wrench assembly 8 with interchangeable grip inserts and jaws to grip varying sized tubulars and apply varying speeds and torques as required.
  • tong assembly and backup wrench assembly While particular features of an exemplary tong assembly and backup wrench assembly are described herein, it would be understood by a person of skill in the art that the present invention could equally be used in conjunction with any type of gripping tool including but not limited to backup wrenches, casing running tools, tongs, spiders and bucking units, collectively referred to as gripping tools for the purposes of the present invention.
  • the tong assembly 6 is preferably driven in rotation.
  • the backup wrench assembly 8 is stationary with respect to the tong assembly 6.
  • the backup wrench assembly 8 is preferably also actuated to grip or clamp the tubular, and more preferably it has compliant features to accommodate tubular misalignment.
  • the pipe joining system 2 is located in a tubular threading plant where precision threads are machined onto the ends of tubulars.
  • the pipe joining system 2 can be connected to a system of conveyors and auxiliary processing machinery to feed and receive the threaded tubulars to and from the pipe joining system 2.
  • the backup wrench assembly 8 comprises a central bore 14 through which a tubular 12 is fed.
  • the clamping action of the backup wrench assembly 8 is preferably created by the relative rotation of a backup cage plate assembly 10 with respect to a stationary cam ring assembly 20. More preferably, the backup cage plate assembly 10 moves on bearings 18.
  • the stationary cam ring assembly 20 is preferably constrained both clockwise and counter clockwise by a compression loadcell 22.
  • the backup assembly 8 comprises mechanically driven backup jaws 24. More preferably, the backup jaws 24 are equipped with rollers 26 and driven by the backup cage plate assembly 10, along a cam surface 28 to open or close the backup jaws 24 of the backup wrench 8 diametrically around the tubular 12.
  • a linear actuator 30 is attached to the cam ring assembly 20 and to the backup cage plate assembly 10.
  • a linear actuator motor 34 is connected to the linear actuator 30 for actuation thereof. Movement of the linear actuator 30 in extension or retraction moves linkage 36 and creates a corresponding, relative clockwise or counterclockwise rotation of the backup cage plate assembly 10 to thereby grip the tubular 12 for make up or break out applications. This relative rotation drives the backup jaws 24 in the proper direction against the cam ring's profile surface 28 to clamp onto a tubular 12.
  • a tong assembly 6 is shown in one embodiment in Figures 5 and 6.
  • the tong assembly 6 comprises a tong ring gear 48, a tong cage plate assembly 50, and one or more tong jaws 46 driven by the tong cage plate assembly 50. Clamping action of the tong assembly 6 is created by relative rotation of the tong cage plate assembly 50 with respect to the stationary tong ring gear 48.
  • the rotational motion of the tong assembly 6 drives tong jaw rollers 72 in each tong jaw 46 along a cam surface 70 that translates the rotational motion to radial motion until the tong jaws 46 contact the tubular surface.
  • the cam surface 70 preferably has a constant slope. As contact is made between the tubular surface and tong jaws 46, the friction between the jaws 46 and the tubular surface acts to transmit torque to the tubular 12, thereby tightening the clamping force from tong jaws 46 to a desired level.
  • Torque of the tong jaws 46 is measured as a factor of the current used to drive the tong assembly 6. These torque measurements can be compared to those collected by the load cell 22 of the backup assembly to redundantly measure the torque applied to the tubular 12 and to determine if there are discrepancies in torque to identify possible problems in the make up or break out operation.
  • the backup jaws 24 and backup jaw rollers 26 of the backup assembly 8 and the tong jaws 46 and tong jaw rollers 72 each form a jaw assembly.
  • backup wrenches and tong assemblies have bores 14 that are oriented to receive tubulars 12 or couplings in a horizontal configuration. In operation, debris tends to accumulate on lower horizontal surfaces, including critical parts, of each assembly 6, 8. These critical parts often include moving parts such as the lever arms 80 of the assemblies, and also the standoffs 120 between the cage plates 10, 50 of either the backup wrench assembly 8 or the tong assembly 6. Other critical moving or non-moving parts can include jaws, jaw rollers, roller pins and cam surfaces
  • magnets 150 are preferably attached to at least one of the critical moving or non-moving parts of the tong assembly 6 and/or backup wrench assembly 8, including, for example jaws, jaw rollers, roller pins, lever arms, standoffs and cam surfaces. More preferably, magnets are attached to at least one of the one or more lever arms 80 and to at least one of the one or more connecting standoffs 120 between each of cage plates 10, 50. In a further preferred embodiment, magnets are attached to one or more lever arms 80 and standoffs 120 that are proximal a lower end of the tong 6 and/or backup wrench 8 assemblies.
  • the term lower is used to refer to a gravitationally lower end of the assemblies 6, 8, the end to which debris tends to fall by force of gravity.
  • the magnets 150 advantageously attract and capture debris, and particularly metallic and ferrous debris, as it forms and falls down during makeup and break out operations and keeps such debris out of critical moving or non-moving parts of the equipment.
  • one or more magnets may be attached to one or more non-critical parts and surfaces of the gripping tool, said non-critical parts and surfaces being proximal to one or more the critical parts such that a magnetic field created by the one or more magnets acts to draw debris away from the critical parts of the gripping tool and collect it on the magnet. While the present description herein refers to magnets in association with critical parts of gripping tools, it will be understood that all
  • the magnets 150 are attached to each of the lever arms 80 and each of the standoffs 120 on each of the tong assembly 6 and the backup wrench assembly 8. While three jaw assemblies 24, 46 are illustrated on each of the backup wench assembly 8 and tong assembly 6 in the present figures, it would be well understood by a person of skill in the art that any number of jaw assemblies may be used in the present invention without changing the scope thereof and that any number of jaws is contemplated herein.
  • the magnetic field created by the ring of magnets 150 encircles the connection to be made up or broken out and effectively pulls debris out of the way of critical moving and non-moving parts. The magnets 150 serve to attract and collect debris regardless of whether the tong 6 and backup wrench 8 assemblies are in operation or not.
  • magnets 150 are affixed to each of the lever arms 80 and each of the standoffs 120 to effectively encircle the bores 14, 16 through which tubulars 12 and couplings are passed to be made up or broken out.
  • the present magnets 150 can be of any kind well known in the art including permanent magnets such as rare earth magnets, aluminum and/or nickel magnets, ceramic magnets or ferrite magnets. Electromagnets may also be used in the present invention, for example, in the case of controlling debris in hydraulic gripping tools.
  • the magnets 150 are rare earth magnets and most preferably, they are neodymium or neodymium-containing magnets.
  • magnet size can be minimized while maintaining a desirable degree of magnetic field to attract and collect debris.
  • shape of the magnets 150 is illustrated as rectangular or semi-rectangular, it would be well understood by a person of skill in the art that any shape of magnet that fits on or in a critical moving or non- moving part would be suitable for the purposes of the present invention and is included in the scope of the present invention.
  • one or more magnets of similar or varying sizes could be affixed to a single critical moving or non-moving part. The location, size and number of magnets on a particular tool part may be optimized based on a number of factors.
  • the magnet may be sized to ensure it fits unobtrusively on the tool part.
  • the magnet may be further sized and oriented to optimize magnetic strength to catch and hold debris.
  • Magnets are preferably sized to provide sufficient surface area for debris collection, such that the operating time between needing to clean magnets is maximized.
  • Magnet strength and number of magnets may also be chosen such that the magnet(s) are strong enough to collect debris, while not interfering magnetically with the alignment of tubulars to be made up broken out, and to prevent interference with the operation and movement of parts of the gripping tools.
  • the magnets 150 can be attached or otherwise affixed to critical moving and non-moving parts of the tong 6 and backup wrench 8 assemblies by any number of means that would be well understood by a person of skill in the art and are
  • the magnets 150 may be removably or non-removably affixed to the critical moving or non-moving parts.
  • the terms connected, attached, affixed, adhered, received, held and threaded are used interchangeably to mean a removable or non-removable relationship between the magnets 150 and the critical moving or non-moving parts.
  • the magnets 150 may be welded, nailed, screwed or adhered using a sufficiently strong adhesive to the surfaces of the critical moving or non-moving parts.
  • critical parts may be machined with recesses 140 or grooves to receive magnets 150.
  • the magnetic force of the magnet itself may advantageously serve to magnetically attract and hold the magnets 150 within the recesses 140.
  • the magnets 150 may be held within the recesses 140 by a frictional fit or with an adhesive.
  • recesses 140 in the critical moving or non-moving parts may be formed with snapping or locking profiles, or with a lip that is incrementally smaller than the magnet 150 to thereby hold a magnet 150 in place once it has been pushed into the recess 140.
  • cylindrical recesses 140 may be formed with a threaded wall and cylindrical magnets 150 including a corresponding threaded wall may be used, to thereby allow the magnet 150 to be threaded into the recess 140.
  • the threads of the tubulars 12 are inspected and then doped or lubricated and a coupling is hand started or machine started onto a threaded end of a tubular 12 and fed into the pipe joining system 2 using a conveyor.
  • the coupling end of the tubular 12 is fed into the pipe joining system 2 from the backup assembly 8 end through a central bore 14 of the backup wrench assembly 8 and a central bore 16 of the tong assembly 6 until a sensor (not shown) acknowledges that the coupling is properly located longitudinally, in line with the tong jaws 46 of the tong assembly 6.
  • the backup wrench assembly 8 actuates and grips an outside surface of the tubular 12, followed by the tong assembly 6 rotating and gripping the coupling. As the jaws 46, 24 of the tong assembly 6 and backup wrench assembly 8 are rotated along cam surfaces 28, 70 the dies 88 comes into gripping contact with the tubular 12 or coupling.
  • the grip force of the backup wrench assembly 8 automatically and reactively adjusts in proportion to the torque transmitted by the tong jaws 46 of the tong assembly 6.
  • the tong assembly transmits torque to the tubular 12 by the tong jaw rollers 72 engaging against tong cam surface 70.
  • This causes a reactive torque in the backup jaws 24 to increase, further driving the jaw rollers 26 against the cam surface 28, thus increasing grip force of the backup assembly 8 proportionally to the input torque supplied by the tong assembly 6.
  • Any metallic debris generated in rotation of the tong assembly 6 or gripping of the backup assembly 8 is attracted and collected by the magnets 150 located on one or more moving or non-moving parts of each of the assemblies 6, 8.
  • the coupling With torque preferably being monitored, the coupling is rotated onto the threaded end of the tubular 12 at a maximum allowable speed of the given connection and preferably at a low set torque, until a predetermined initial target torque is reached.
  • the voltage and current supplied to the tong assembly motor are adjusted to increase torque at a set low speed until a target makeup torque is achieved. Determination that the makeup torque level has been achieved triggers the system 2 to release torque or hold the torque in position for a set amount of time, as specified by the user.
  • the tubular can then be released from the pipe engaging system by reversing rotation of the tong assembly 6 and then the backup assembly 8 to open jaws 46, 24.
  • the completed tubular can then be conveyed to the next step of manufacture and all pertinent quality data transmitted as necessary.
  • the magnets 150 of the present invention in addition to preventing debris from reaching critical moving or non-moving parts, aid in locating and removing debris when the assemblies 6, 8 are cleaned after operation, since the debris is concentrated in predetermined areas that are easily accessed.
  • magnets 150 in the critical moving or non-moving parts of tong 6 and backup wrench 8 assemblies requires no additional maintenance, power or control. They also present little or no safety concern with respect to use and operation of the assemblies 6, 8.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil et un procédé de gestion de débris dans un équipement utilisé lors de la fabrication ou la rupture de tubulaires de puits de forage.
PCT/CA2015/000179 2015-03-24 2015-03-24 Appareil et procédé pour la gestion de débris lors de la fabrication ou la rupture de tubulaires WO2016149784A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CA2015/000179 WO2016149784A1 (fr) 2015-03-24 2015-03-24 Appareil et procédé pour la gestion de débris lors de la fabrication ou la rupture de tubulaires

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CA2015/000179 WO2016149784A1 (fr) 2015-03-24 2015-03-24 Appareil et procédé pour la gestion de débris lors de la fabrication ou la rupture de tubulaires

Publications (1)

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WO2016149784A1 true WO2016149784A1 (fr) 2016-09-29

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PCT/CA2015/000179 WO2016149784A1 (fr) 2015-03-24 2015-03-24 Appareil et procédé pour la gestion de débris lors de la fabrication ou la rupture de tubulaires

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019199583A1 (fr) * 2018-04-13 2019-10-17 Forum Us, Inc. Ensemble clé avec circuit à préhension proportionnelle

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2723836A (en) * 1954-09-24 1955-11-15 Bit Guides Inc Core bit protector
US3901330A (en) * 1973-11-21 1975-08-26 Brown Oil Tools Electric power drive assembly
US6814149B2 (en) * 1999-11-26 2004-11-09 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Apparatus and method for positioning a tubular relative to a tong
CA2867568A1 (fr) * 2012-06-27 2014-01-03 Odfjell Well Services Europe As Appareil de nettoyage de puits en mesure d'etre monte sur un train de tiges de forage

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2723836A (en) * 1954-09-24 1955-11-15 Bit Guides Inc Core bit protector
US3901330A (en) * 1973-11-21 1975-08-26 Brown Oil Tools Electric power drive assembly
US6814149B2 (en) * 1999-11-26 2004-11-09 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Apparatus and method for positioning a tubular relative to a tong
CA2867568A1 (fr) * 2012-06-27 2014-01-03 Odfjell Well Services Europe As Appareil de nettoyage de puits en mesure d'etre monte sur un train de tiges de forage

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019199583A1 (fr) * 2018-04-13 2019-10-17 Forum Us, Inc. Ensemble clé avec circuit à préhension proportionnelle
US10648254B2 (en) 2018-04-13 2020-05-12 Forum Us, Inc. Wrench assembly with proportional grip circuit

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