WO2016142480A1 - Élément isolant - Google Patents

Élément isolant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016142480A1
WO2016142480A1 PCT/EP2016/055165 EP2016055165W WO2016142480A1 WO 2016142480 A1 WO2016142480 A1 WO 2016142480A1 EP 2016055165 W EP2016055165 W EP 2016055165W WO 2016142480 A1 WO2016142480 A1 WO 2016142480A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
insulating
insulating element
dimensionally stable
gas
insulation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2016/055165
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Nikolaus Nestle
Andreas Hafner
Frank Schneider
Original Assignee
Basf Se
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Basf Se filed Critical Basf Se
Publication of WO2016142480A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016142480A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • E04B1/803—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/242—Slab shaped vacuum insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an insulating element and its use for the insulation of vehicles and for the internal insulation of buildings.
  • Insulating for the isolation of vehicles or the internal insulation of buildings are known per se. Frequently, with such insulating elements, which are used in buildings, but especially in vehicles, a dew point below the insulation can be expected, so that they must be protected against condensation. Condensation is conveniently countered by placing the insulation in such a way that dew point undershoot is not expected. Where this is not possible, attempts are either made to minimize the ingress of moisture by so-called vapor braking, or else one uses particularly vapor-permeable insulation, in which rapid drying after the end of the dew point is expected. In both cases it is often incomplete to avoid the problem of permanent dampening of the insulation. The use of diffusion-open insulation reaches its limits, especially in the case of long-lasting and very severe dew point violations.
  • an insulating element (1) comprising
  • the insulating member (1) has an internal pressure of 0.15 bar to 0.8 bar.
  • an insulating element (1) comprising
  • the insulating member (1) has an internal pressure of 0.1 bar to 0.8 bar.
  • the present invention has the advantage that not only achieves the necessary dimensional stability by the insulating material used (3), but also a gas-tight installation is made possible.
  • the gas-tight jacket (5) which ensures the maintenance of the reduced internal pressure, makes the insulating element (1) within wide limits independent of external influences of temperature and / or pressure.
  • the insulating element is easy to shape, so that it is suitable for various applications can be used.
  • the insulating element (1) comprises at least one dimensionally stable insulating material (3) and at least one gas-tight jacket (5) of the dimensionally stable insulating material (3).
  • the insulating element (1) has an internal pressure of 0.15 bar to 0.8 bar.
  • the internal pressure is preferably 0.2 bar to 0.6 bar, in particular 0.3 bar to 0.5 bar.
  • the internal pressure of the invention is below the usual ambient pressure, but still significantly above the pressure, which is commonly referred to as vacuum. In the context of the invention, it is also possible to speak of "negative pressure" in the case of this internal pressure, which is lower than the normal pressure.
  • the internal pressure according to the invention of at least 0.15 bar has the advantage that it is less expensive to set compared to lower pressures of 0.1 bar or less. It is therefore possible to use a simpler pump technology for setting this pressure range according to the invention. Overall, an internal pressure of at least 0.15 bar energetically cheaper. Nevertheless, the internal pressure according to the invention has the further advantages listed below. Since the internal pressure according to the invention is far above the pressure ranges which are used, for example, for vacuum insulation, the requirements for the barrier effect of the gas-tight sheath (5) can be significantly lower than in the vacuum insulation elements known from the prior art.
  • the gas-tight sheath (5) numerous polymeric materials, in particular translucent or transparent, can be used, as defined in detail below, without having to provide additional barrier systems, such as metal coatings, as used for vacuum insulation.
  • the internal pressure of the invention in addition to its influence on the dimensional stability also has a positive effect on the insulating effect of the insulating material used (3).
  • the insulating materials (3) according to the invention in addition to the heat conduction of the gas remaining in the insulating element (1) and the so-called matrix contribution of the insulating material (3), even convective heat conduction processes can play a significant role, depending on the coarseness of the pore structure.
  • insulating material As dimensionally stable insulating material (3), materials known to the person skilled in the art can be used.
  • insulating material is meant a material with low thermal conductivity.
  • “Dimensionally stable” means in the case of the insulating element according to the invention (1), on the one hand, that its thermal expansion in the range of typical solids values is (ie, 2 x 10 "6 ⁇ " 1 to 2 ⁇ 10 _4 ⁇ "1), and on the other hand, that the insulating material used does not deform under the prevailing internal pressure, ie is able to bear a compression load corresponding to the internal pressure, in which case the dimensions of the insulating element (1) according to the invention will be dimensionally stable regardless of external influences Damping material (3) with the gas-tight sheathing (5) arranged therearound and not by the gas volume remaining in the insulating element (1) Under the external influences are all for a use of the insulating (1) expected conditions with respect to temperature, temperature differences, ambient pressure and to understand pressure differences.
  • a gas-tight casing (5) of the dimensionally stable insulating material (3) in the sense of the present invention is to be understood such that the gas-tight casing (5) completely surrounds and encloses the dimensionally stable insulating material (3) so that it protrudes outwards gas-tight is completed.
  • more than one gas-tight casing (5) may include the dimensionally stable insulating material (3).
  • gas-tight sheath (5) materials known to the person skilled in the art can be used. The gas-tight sheath (5) will be explained in detail below.
  • this may include the dimensionally stable insulating material (3)
  • a plate-shaped dimensionally stable material which has a compressive strength of at least 5 kPa, preferably at least 15 kPa, and up to 200 kPa, preferably up to 2 MPa, and / or a coefficient of thermal expansion of 2 ⁇ 10 -6 K -1 to 2 ⁇ 10 "4 K " 1 , preferably from 2 ⁇ 10 -6 K “1 to 8 ⁇ 10 5 K -1 , and / or ii) comprises a bed of a dimensionally stable particulate material.
  • plate-shaped dimensionally stable material refers, according to the present invention, to a material which is formed as a discrete element and stable in itself, so that it can be produced and handled as a plate, but also as a cuboid or the like. It may be a single element (eg a plate), but also a composite of several elements (eg a layer composite). In particular, grid-like plates and / or plate-shaped honeycomb structures can be used.
  • the "plate-shaped dimensionally stable material” fulfills the definition according to the invention of "dimensionally stable”.
  • the above-stated compressive strength according to the invention represents a measurable quantity of dimensional stability with respect to compression loads
  • the thermal Expansion coefficient is a material property known to those skilled in the art, which describes the dimensional stability of solid body with temperature changes, ie the temperature-dependent volume changes.
  • Compressive strength is the ratio of the breaking load and the cross-sectional area A of a body expressed as force per area (N / mm 2 ) and therefore has the unit of a mechanical stress.
  • the person skilled in the art is familiar with suitable methods for measuring compressive strength, which may depend on the type of body to be measured and are determined as uniaxial, biaxial or triaxial compressive strength.
  • the values for compressive strength given in the present invention are values for the uniaxial compressive strength.
  • thermal expansion coefficient suitable methods for determining the thermal expansion coefficient are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the materials used in the present invention are solids having substantially isotropic properties.
  • the values for the coefficients of thermal expansion given in the present invention are values for the coefficient of linear expansion.
  • bed of a dimensionally stable particulate material is understood to mean that the bed itself can, within certain limits, be deformed or brought into shape by its flow properties, the particulate material forming the bed, i. each individual particle, taken in isolation, is dimensionally stable in the sense of the present invention.
  • the gas-tight sheath (5) as a type of hollow body in the desired dimensions, then to fill it with the bed, Close the gas-tight sheath (5) and finally adjust the internal pressure.
  • the internal pressure according to the invention is then achieved simultaneously that the bed can not deform due to the compression load.
  • the gas-tight casing (5) of the insulating element (1) according to the invention has a permeability to nitrogen and / or oxygen of less than 10 ml / (m 2 » d), preferably less than 3 ml / (m 2» d), and at least 0.001 ml / (m 2 » d).
  • the specified permeability according to the invention represents a measurable quantity for the term "gas-tight".
  • the insulating element (1) has a heat transfer coefficient U of 0.05 W / (m 2 » K) to 3 W / (m 2» K), preferably 0, 1 W / (m 2 -K) to 1 , 7 W / (m 2 » K), more preferably between 0.14 W / (m 2» K) and 1, 0 W / (m 2 « K).
  • the heat transfer coefficient U is a specific characteristic value of a component or building material in construction, which in principle indicates its thermal insulation properties. The higher the U value, the worse the thermal insulation property of the component or building material.
  • U-values of a maximum of 0.22 W / (m 2 » K) are permissible in new buildings in the currently valid Energy Saving Ordinance (EnEV) in Germany.
  • the maximum values for glazing are 1, 1 W / (m 2 » K).
  • the insulating element (1) a diffusion density for oxygen from 0.03 cm 3 / (bar » m 2» d) to 2 cm 3 / (bar » m 2 » d), preferably 0, 1 cm 3 / (bar » m 2 » d) to 0.5 cm 3 / (bar » m 2 » d).
  • the insulating element (1) according to the invention is to be used outside a closed insulating glass unit, it must be ensured that by selecting a suitable material of the casing (5) an s d value for water vapor of at least 100 m, preferably at least 1 .500 m, and up to 30,000 m.
  • a suitable material of the casing (5) an s d value for water vapor of at least 100 m, preferably at least 1 .500 m, and up to 30,000 m.
  • Materials for the sheath (5) according to the invention will be described in more detail below.
  • the s d value is the "water vapor diffusion equivalent air layer thickness" and represents a building physics measure for the water vapor diffusion resistance of a component or a component layer and thus defines its property as a vapor barrier.
  • the S d value indicates the thickness which a quiescent air layer must have, so that it flows through the same diffusion current in the stationary state and under the same boundary conditions as the component under consideration.
  • EPS expanded polystyrene
  • XPS extruded polystyrene
  • the insulating element (1) thus has an s d value which is superior to conventional insulation units.
  • An s d value of this magnitude ensures that even with very unfavorable humidity and temperature conditions, as for example in an internal insulation of the metallic outer wall of a railway vehicle may occur, no dew point can take place within the insulation. As a result, a degradation of the insulation effect by accumulation of moisture in the insulation material can be excluded, which is a major problem in insulation according to the prior art in vehicles.
  • the dimensionally stable insulating material (3) may according to the invention preferably comprise at least one material selected from polymethyl methacrylate and its copolymers, expanded or extruded polystyrene and its copolymers, polycarbonate and its copolymers, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and its copolymers, thermoplastic particle foams, melamine resin foam, polymer foams or porous silicate-based materials.
  • thermoplastic particle foams are expanded polystyrene (EPS) and polyolefin foams such as those sold as products under the brand names Neopolen® (a polypropylene foam) or E-Por® (a polystyrene / polyethylene interpolymer) from BASF SE.
  • EPS expanded polystyrene
  • Neopolen® a polypropylene foam
  • E-Por® a polystyrene / polyethylene interpolymer
  • the material for the gas-tight sheath (5) according to the invention comprise polymers, in particular thermoplastic polyesters, modified polyolefins (especially poly-ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)), copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride, polyamides and / or multilayer laminates of these polymers as well as composites of these materials oxidic minerals.
  • polymers in particular thermoplastic polyesters, modified polyolefins (especially poly-ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)), copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride, polyamides and / or multilayer laminates of these polymers as well as composites of these materials oxidic minerals.
  • EVA poly-ethylene-vinyl acetate
  • metallized films or laminates can be used with metallized films.
  • the gas-tight sheath (5) can be made of either comparatively thin plates (with a plate thickness of 0.1 mm to 3 mm) or foil-like materials (flexible materials with a thickness of 20 ⁇ to 150 ⁇ ), as these themselves no major mechanical Must absorb loads.
  • the mechanical Loads are carried by the dimensionally stable insulating material (3).
  • Concrete examples of the material of the gas-tight sheath (5) are, for example, films of polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) having a thickness of about 100 ⁇ or laminated films with a layer of about 50 ⁇ thickness of an EVA copolymer such as the EVAL® materials (an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer) from Kuraray.
  • PVDC polyvinylidene chloride
  • the gas-tight sheathing (5) must be translucent or transparent in order to ensure the translucency of the entire component.
  • the insulating element (1) must be translucent. In particular, it has a translucency of between 5% and 99%, preferably between 20% and 95%. In translucent thermal insulation systems based on airgel packings with a thickness of approx. 6 cm, state-of-the-art translucency values of almost 50% are achieved. Elements according to the invention make it possible to realize a greater range of combinations of translucency and U-value than is the case with the possibilities according to the prior art. In addition, insulation values and translucencies corresponding to those of 6 cm silica airgel can be achieved with much cheaper and lighter materials.
  • translucency is meant the proportion of incoming light intensity passing through a wall element or plate, whereby angular distribution of the light may change.
  • the insulating element according to the invention (1) according to this embodiment can be advantageously used also where a certain degree of brightness is to be present. It may, for example, be suitable for replacing skylights in buildings and for insulating them, since here it is generally the case of brightness that is incident, but not of visual contact with the surroundings. Furthermore, it becomes possible by the insulating element according to the invention, the requirements of the EnEV reach the U value of opaque elements with insulation, which are installed in closed insulating glass units. This makes it possible to easily integrate even highly insulated elements in fully glazed facades, thereby expanding the technical and design possibilities of all-glass façades. Furthermore, due to the design as a closed insulating glass unit, penetration of moisture into the insulation itself is completely ruled out.
  • the insulating element (1) according to the invention can be configured with grid plates and / or honeycomb structures as a plate-shaped, dimensionally stable insulating material (3).
  • By the orientation and by the cross section of the grid or honeycomb angle ranges can be adjusted, under which the plate-shaped 5 dimensionally stable insulating material (3) has a stronger shade and other areas where a largely unimpeded light propagation takes place.
  • simple lattice and honeycomb structures can be produced by methods such as those already established in the packaging industry for a long time, 3D-10 printing processes represent a suitable approach for more complicated structures with a three-dimensional light-directing effect.
  • lattice structures made of foams especially sheet-like extrusion foams made of PET (e.g., Kerdyn®) are well suited, since lattice structures with sufficient compression load resistance 15 can be built up from this material, i.e. a compressive strength according to the invention, as defined above.
  • PET e.g., Kerdyn®
  • the insulating element (1) has a thickness of 1 cm to 20 20 cm, preferably 2 cm to 12 cm.
  • Insulating elements (1) with these dimensions are on the one hand easy to handle and on the other hand cause good insulation. Due to their dimensions, they can be used advantageously in different areas. Examples of the use of thinner 25 inventive insulating elements (1) are the insulation of vehicles, especially of railway vehicles, aircraft and ships, while thicker inventive insulating elements (1) can be used for the insulation of buildings.
  • the insulating member (1) has a weight of 4 kg / m 3 to 300 kg / m 3 , preferably 10 kg / m 3 to 150 kg / m 3 .
  • the insulating element (1) according to the invention represents a lightweight insulation.
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of the insulating element (1) according to the invention for the insulation of vehicles.
  • the insulating element (1) according to the invention brings here the advantage that it does not differ significantly in terms of weight and insulation capacity from conventional insulation solutions, but in contrast to these no degradation can take place by condensation.
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of the insulating element (1) according to the invention for internal insulation of buildings.
  • existing buildings are usually insulated by applying insulation to the exterior facade.
  • insulation is not always possible or desired.
  • the insulation of a building from the inside is associated with building physics problems with respect to the dew point.
  • the term "dew point” refers to the temperature that must be undercut at unchanged pressure, so that water vapor can separate out as dew or mist from moist air.
  • the temperature gradients during the heating season inevitably result in a reduction in the dew point inside the insulation in the case of internal insulation.
  • this has a condensation of water vapor within the insulation or at the transition of the insulation to the cold outer wall result.
  • the ensuing wetting of the insulation and / or the components in contact with it can cause serious structural damage.
  • the insulating element (1) according to the invention defuses this situation in that in this case the individual insulating elements are already provided with a moisture barrier, which then offers a double protection in combination with another vapor barrier. Since there are no moisture-proof insulating elements on the basis of the current state of the art, this represents a considerable advance. With the insulating element (1) according to the invention, it is possible to overcome this structural-physical problem and provide internal insulation of buildings. With sufficient dimensioning of the insulating element according to the invention (1), the dew point is shifted into the insulating element (1) into where due to the internal pressure according to the invention and the gas-tight sheath (5) no condensation can be deposited.
  • a further aspect of the present invention is the use of the insulating element (1) according to the invention in a construction element with controllable heat transfer coefficient U.
  • a construction element with a controllable heat transfer coefficient U in which the insulating element (1) according to the invention is preferably used, is described in WO 2014/1 14563 A1 described.
  • Such a construction element comprises a frame which receives two opposing plates so that a closed volume is defined. In the closed volume at least one planar element is arranged, around which a convection flow can flow. Further, a means for controlling the convection flow is provided, whereby the heat transfer coefficient U can be controlled.
  • the at least one planar element can be replaced by at least one insulating element (1) according to the invention.
  • the present invention in another aspect, relates to the use of the insulating element (1) according to the invention as a core in a closed structural element delimited on at least two opposite sides by translucent or transparent panes.
  • a "closed structural element” is understood to mean a self-contained static element which has a frame and two disks lying opposite each other.
  • the completed construction element is in particular closed gas-tight and takes the inventive insulating element (1) as a core.
  • the construction element of this aspect is not controllable. It represents a static element with a fixed heat transfer coefficient U. This heat transfer coefficient U is significantly lower than in comparable insulating construction element according to the prior art.
  • the insulating element (1) according to the invention is designed to be translucent.
  • the translucent or transparent panes can advantageously be made of glass.
  • This aspect of the present invention particularly preferably represents a closed insulating glass unit as a complete and independent component.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an insulating element 1 according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows an illustration of a lattice structure as a plate-shaped dimensionally stable
  • Insulating material 3 according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows an illustration of a honeycomb structure as a plate-shaped dimensionally stable
  • Insulating material 3 according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically in cross section an insulating element 1 according to the present invention, in which a dimensionally stable insulating material 3 is provided with a gas-tight sheathing 5 arranged around it.
  • the conditional on the nature of the schematic representation gap between the dimensionally stable insulating material 3 and the gas-tight sheath 5 is not present in reality, here is the gas-tight sheathing 5 on the dimensionally stable insulating material 3 at.
  • the insulating element 1 For the production of the insulating element 1 according to the invention is in principle a large number of material combinations for the dimensionally stable insulating material 3 and the gas-tight sheath 5 available.
  • flame retardant or fire retardant materials can be used for the dimensionally stable insulating material 3.
  • suitable materials are, for example, PIR foams and highly porous mineral materials such as foamed perlites. In this way it is possible to offer tailor-made solutions depending on the given fire protection regulations.
  • the insulating elements (1) which are used in a closed insulating glass unit, an improved fire protection is already given by this enclosure.
  • the solid, plate-shaped materials can be produced in a variety of forms and then provided with the gas-tight sheath 5.
  • the gas-tight sheathing 5 is advantageously initially provided as an envelope open on one side in the approximate final dimensions and then filled with the particulate insulating material 3.
  • the semi-finished insulating 1 can be formed very well, for example by inserting into a prepared form.
  • the intended internal pressure can be adjusted, that is, the largest part of the gas volume is from the filled with the particulate insulating material 3 gas-tight casing 5, which solidifies the desired outer shape in the final dimensions.
  • Example 1 For a construction element according to WO 2014/1 14563 A1, a U value of 0.3 W / (m 2 » K) should be achieved in the insulating state.
  • a translucent capillary plate made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) with a thermal conductivity of 80 mW / m » K is used as the dimensionally stable insulating material 3.
  • the necessary thickness of the insulating element 1 is determined to be 27 cm.
  • two PMMA capillary plates each of 13.5 cm thickness are each provided with a gas-tight sheath 5, which consists of a multilayer film (Product XTMU the company Extendo, a stretched polypropylene film (BOPP)) consists.
  • the two insulating elements 1 a, 1 b are used at a distance of 0.5 cm from each other in a structural element according to WO 2014/1 14563 A1, the clear width (ie, the distance between the two plates, or outer panes) is 31 cm.
  • an inventive insulating 1 is to be used.
  • an insulation panel of open cell rigid polyurethane foam product Elastopor® H BASF SE
  • the gas-tight sheath 5 in this example consists of the XTMU foil used in Example 1.
  • the thickness of the insulating element 1 2 cm are chosen, which allows a U value of 1.65 W / (m 2 » K).
  • the insulating element 1 is provided on its back with a capillary fleece for the discharge of condensation, which can form between the insulating element 1 and the vehicle body.
  • the insulation element 1 thus produced is similar in its insulating effect with open-cell insulation of the same thickness in the dry state, which are used in the prior art for the isolation of vehicles. The advantage over these is that the insulation effect is not reduced in practice by condensation of moisture.
  • Example 2 An inventive insulating 1 for the isolation of a vehicle.
  • an insulation panel of a nanoporous PUR foam material (BASF SE product Slentite®) having a thermal conductivity of 17 mW / m »K used as the dimensionally stable insulating material.
  • the gas-tight sheath 5 in this example consists of the XTMU foil used in Example 1.
  • the thickness of the insulating element 1 2 cm are chosen, which allows a U value of 0.85 W / (m 2 » K).
  • the insulating element 1 thus produced is clearly superior in its insulating effect open-cell insulation of the same thickness, which are used according to the prior art for the isolation of vehicles.
  • the casing 5 according to the invention avoids possible damage due to condensation of moisture and thus permanently ensures good insulation.
  • the thermal conductivity of an insulating element 1 according to the invention was determined by means of a single-plate apparatus with temperatures of 36 ° C on the hot and 10 ° C on the cold side on a pattern of 20 cm x 20 cm with 2 cm thickness with respect to their dependence on the applied negative pressure for various plate-shaped dimensionally stable insulating materials 3 examined with high translucency.
  • the capillary plate used in Example 1 of PMMA product Kapilux Fa. Okalux
  • various ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer
  • Fig. 2 shows an image of a cellular shaped body used in this example (sample IV), which is composed of layers of tilted lamellae.
  • This molding had a thermal conductivity at atmospheric pressure of 74 mW / m » K.
  • a thermal conductivity of 69 mW / m » K could be measured.
  • Fig. 3 shows an illustration of a honeycomb structure (sample V) used in this example. This honeycomb structure had a thermal conductivity at atmospheric pressure of 51.5 mW / m » K.
  • a thermal conductivity of 49.5 mW / m » K could be measured.
  • All plate-shaped dimensionally stable insulating materials 3 were characterized by a translucency of at least 50% on incidence along the respective pore direction.
  • a vacuum of about 0.3 bar set according to the invention resulted in a significant reduction in the thermal conductivity of all the plate-shaped, dimensionally stable insulating materials 3 investigated.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un élément isolant (1) comprenant au moins un matériau isolant à stabilité dimensionnelle (3) et au moins une enveloppe (5) étanche au gaz enveloppant le matériau isolant à stabilité dimensionnelle (3), cet élément isolant (1) présentant une pression intérieure comprise entre 0,15 bar et 0,8 bar. L'invention concerne en outre l'utilisation dudit élément isolant (1) pour l'isolation de véhicules et de bâtiments, comme isolation intérieure ou comme âme isolante dans un élément mural éventuellement translucide délimité par des plaques de verre.
PCT/EP2016/055165 2015-03-11 2016-03-10 Élément isolant WO2016142480A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15158592.4 2015-03-11
EP15158592 2015-03-11

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WO2016142480A1 true WO2016142480A1 (fr) 2016-09-15

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020114544A1 (de) 2020-05-29 2021-12-02 Salamander Industrie-Produkte Gmbh Extrusionsprofil, Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Extrusionsprofils und Tür- und/oder Fenstersystem
US11787093B2 (en) 2016-08-26 2023-10-17 BASF SE (Ellwanger & Baier Patentanwälte) Process and tool for continuous production of fiber-reinforced foams

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002103127A1 (fr) * 2001-06-15 2002-12-27 Gianfranco Bianchi Panneau isolant et procede permettant de le produire
EP1308570A2 (fr) * 2001-11-05 2003-05-07 The Vac Company GmbH Assemblage sous vide de conteneurs ou de structures produites sous vide
WO2005080738A1 (fr) * 2004-02-21 2005-09-01 Friedrich Grimm Vitrage isolant tres calorifuge
WO2014114563A1 (fr) 2013-01-22 2014-07-31 Basf Se Élément de construction à coefficients de transmission thermique u réglables

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002103127A1 (fr) * 2001-06-15 2002-12-27 Gianfranco Bianchi Panneau isolant et procede permettant de le produire
EP1308570A2 (fr) * 2001-11-05 2003-05-07 The Vac Company GmbH Assemblage sous vide de conteneurs ou de structures produites sous vide
WO2005080738A1 (fr) * 2004-02-21 2005-09-01 Friedrich Grimm Vitrage isolant tres calorifuge
WO2014114563A1 (fr) 2013-01-22 2014-07-31 Basf Se Élément de construction à coefficients de transmission thermique u réglables

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11787093B2 (en) 2016-08-26 2023-10-17 BASF SE (Ellwanger & Baier Patentanwälte) Process and tool for continuous production of fiber-reinforced foams
DE102020114544A1 (de) 2020-05-29 2021-12-02 Salamander Industrie-Produkte Gmbh Extrusionsprofil, Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Extrusionsprofils und Tür- und/oder Fenstersystem

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