WO2016133481A1

WO2016133481A1 - Single cylinder diesel engine

Info

Publication number: WO2016133481A1
Application number: PCT/TR2016/050040
Authority: WO
Inventors: Mustafa ESER
Original assignee: Sahin Metal Imalat Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi
Priority date: 2015-02-20
Filing date: 2016-02-16
Publication date: 2016-08-25

Abstract

The invention relates to a single cylinder diesel engine (A) comprising a cylinder head (2) comprising the intake and exhaust manifold by serving as bearing for valve springs (19) and an injector (23) and enabling high power intake by increasing the efficiency, a governing group (14) adjusting the speed of the single cylinder diesel engine (A) and making desired power adjustment of the single cylinder diesel engine (A), and a combustion chamber providing ideal air movements for combustion affecting the engine performance directly with its design.

Description

SINGLE CYLINDER DIESEL ENGINE

DESCRIPTION

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates to single cylinder diesel engine used in electric generators, main and auxiliary engines of fishing vessels, agricultural and industrial motor- pumps and similar places.

STATE OF THE ART

It is known that mineral fuels (hydrocarbons) present in earth crust are used for heating, illumination etc. purposes. However, conversion of the potential comprised by these to thermal energy and mechanical energy was in the second half of 19^th century and after 'Steam engines'. Afterwards, the studies conducted in 1890s by Rudolf Diesel naming after engine operating with diesel oil (diesel) from these minerals were developed and diesel engine technology completed its development as a mechanical structure in midst of 20^th century. Increase of the value of petroleum in second half of 20^th century and awareness of damage of engine emissions to nature forced manufacturers to work in these subjects.

Modern design multi cylinder diesel engines around the world are highly developed in terms of ergonomic structures, service life, weight/power ratio, fuel economy and exhaust emissions. Single cylinder diesel engines are still manufactured with old technologies. Those being produced in our country are also within this second group. However, a product compatible with above-mentioned criteria shall form a basis for both national economy and multi cylinder engine projects to be manufactured in the future. Design and R&D studies were performed in accordance with these criteria and the product was developed. A patent application numbered TR2012/13654 relates to novel combustion chamber design in internal combustion diesel engines, a novel governor system controllable with a single spring and novelty in intake and exhaust ports in cylinder head. This invention relates to the fact that the single cylinder diesel engines will be more efficient when manufactured with said novelties, will acquire higher power and will operate with less cost as it causes low fuel consumption. With this method, highly efficient diesel engines are acquired.

A utility model application numbered TR 2012/00265 relates to a novelty in internal combustion diesel engine combustion enabling performance increase in diesel engine, improving features such as combustion speed and full combustion, enabling easy conversion of diesel engines to gaseous fuels such as LPG and CNG without the need of any structural changes, providing fuel economy and enabling the reduction of exhaust emission; wherein the combustion chamber was determined as a result of analyses and experiments specific for this engine. Consequently, there are developments relating to single cylinder diesel engine used in electric generators, main and auxiliary engines of fishing vessels, agricultural and industrial motor-pumps and similar places, thus novel structures are required to eliminate disadvantages such as incompliance with emission standards, high fuel consumption, short service life and high weight/power ratios of above-mentioned single cylinder engines and to provide solution for the present systems.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

Primary object of the invention is to reveal a single cylinder diesel engine having a long life, operating with minimum fuel consumption, causing minimum damage to environment and having easy usage.

In order for the realization of above mentioned objects, acceleration and stop system controllable with a single rod was developed; along with easy usage thereof, it provides low emission with benefits provided in engine performance and high power. Engine performance of the combustion chamber designed as a result of analyses and experiments is improved and reduction of emission is provided.

In order for the realization of above mentioned objects, design of intake and exhaust ports absorbing air required for combustion affecting the engine performance directly with its design and evacuating the waste gasses out at the end of the combustion is provided.

DRAWINGS WHICH HELP UNDERSTANDING OF THE INVENTION

Figure-1 is a general perspective view displaying a single cylinder diesel engine. Figure-2 is another perspective view displaying a single cylinder diesel engine as disassembled.

Figure-3 is a general perspective view displaying a cylinder head, an intake and exhaust valves, valve springs, a rocker arm group and a rocker arm cover.

Figure-4 is a general sectional view displaying a cylinder head, an intake and exhaust valves, valve springs and an injector aperture.

Figure-5 is a general sectional view displaying a combustion chamber and an injector.

Figure-6 is a general sectional view displaying water pockets performing cooling procedure. Figure-7 is another sectional view displaying water pockets on cylinder head.

Figure-8 is a general perspective view displaying working positions of a starting dovetail, a piston, a connection rod, a crankshaft, a crankshaft gear, a main drive gear and a crankshaft pulley as disassembled.

Figure-9 is a general perspective view displaying a governor group. The drawings should not necessarily be scaled and unnecessary elements to understand the invention may be ignored. In addition, the elements with at least substantially the same or having at least substantially functions are shown with the same number. DEFINITIONS OF PART REFERENCES

A. Single cylinder diesel engine 14.9. Rod bearing

1. Cylinder block 14.10. Governor rod

2. Cylinder head 14.11. Pump control plate

3. Oil pan 15. Engine mount

4. Fuel tank 16. Cylinder liner

5. Oil filter 17. Bearing caps

6. Flywheel housing 18. Intake and exhaust valves

7. Starter motor 19. Valve springs

8. Air filter 20. Rocker arm group

9. Exhaust silencer 21. Rocker arm cover

10. Alternator 22. Combustion chamber

11. Water pump 23. Injector

12. Front cover 24. Water pockets

13. Starting dovetail 25. Piston

14.Governor group 26. Connection rod

14.1. Throttle lever cover 27. Crank shaft

14.2. Throttle lever 28. Crankshaft gear

14.3. Governor spring 29. Main drive gear

14.4. Throttle lever shaft 30. Crankshaft pulley

14.5. Governing system bearing 31. Injector aperture 14.6. Spring tension fork 32. Rear cover

14.7. Regulator weight

14.8. Cap shaft

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In this detailed description, preferred embodiments of the single cylinder diesel engine (A) of the invention are explained for better understanding of the subject and not causing any limiting effect.

The invention relates to a single cylinder diesel engine (A) used in electric generators, main and auxiliary engines of fishing vessels, agricultural and industrial motor-pumps and similar places.

In Figure 1 , a view formed as representative of the single cylinder diesel engine (A) is given. Accordingly, the single cylinder diesel engine (A) contains a cylinder block (1 ) protecting all components forming the body of the single cylinder diesel engine (A) and enabling its connection. There is a cylinder head (2) on said cylinder block (1 ) comprising the intake and exhaust manifold by serving as bearing for the valve springs (19) and the injector (23) and enabling high power intake by increasing the efficiency.

As seen in Figure 2, there is an oil pan (3) at the bottom of said cylinder block (1 ) enabling the storage of a special oil used in oiling the single cylinder diesel engine (A) against wear. There is a front cover (12) providing protection for the gears, the engine oil and the regulating group (14) in front side, and a rear cover (32) protecting the oil against external effects by preventing the engine oil from moving out in rear side of said oil pan (3).

As seen in Figure-1 , the single cylinder diesel engine (A) of the invention comprises a fuel tank (4) in which the used fuel is stored on the cylinder block (1 ). It comprises an oil filter (5) filtering the oil used in oiling procedure and stored in the oil pan (3). At the bottom of the cylinder block (1 ), a flywheel is present inside the flywheel housing (6) aiding in balancing of the single cylinder diesel engine (A) and starting thereof. Starting is provided by the starter motor (7) to the single cylinder diesel engine (A). After the provision of starting to the single cylinder diesel engine (A) by the starter motor (7), the air incorporated into combustion with the fuel is filtered with the air filter (8).

As seen in Figure-3 and Figure-4, said cylinder head (2) comprises the intake and exhaust valves (18) absorbing the air required for combustion affecting the engine performance directly with its selection and arrangement and evacuating the waste gasses out at the end of the combustion and the valve springs (19). There is a rocker group (20) transmitting the forced taken from camshafts to the valves and enabling opening and closing of the valves on said intake and exhaust valves (18). There is a rocker arm cover (21 ) providing the intake and exhaust valves (18), the valve springs (19) and the rocker arm group (20) and including the decompression member inside on said rocker group (20). It contains an injector aperture (31 ) formed inside the cylinder head (2).

As seen in Figure-5, the single cylinder diesel engine (A) of the invention comprises a combustion chamber (22) in which fuel coming from the fuel tank (4) converted into energy via combustion and an injector (23) enabling the combustion of the fuel inside said combustion chamber (22).

As seen in Figure-6 and Figure-7, there are water pockets (24) enabling the decrease of thermal heating formed as a result of combustion on the cylinder head (2).

As seen in Figure-8, the single cylinder diesel engine (A) of the invention comprises a piston (25) transmitting the combustion pressure formed in the combustion chamber (22) to the connection rod (26) as a force, a connection rod (26) transmitting the combustion force from said piston (25) to the crank shaft (27) as a rotating force, a crank shaft (27) transmitting the force taken from the connection rod (26) to the camshaft, the alternator (10) and the oil pump, a crankshaft gear (28) transmitting the rotating movement of said crank shaft (27) to the camshaft, a main drive gear (29) transmitting the rotating movement of said crank shaft (27) to the oil pump, and a crankshaft pulley (30) transmitting the rotating movement of said crank shaft (27) to the recirculation pump and the alternator.

As seen in Figure-1 , the single cylinder diesel engine (A) of the invention comprises an exhaust silencer (9) that enables the gasses resulting from the combustion to the atmosphere and also reduces the noise of the single cylinder diesel engine (A). After the single cylinder diesel engine (A) starts to operate, the starter motor (7) providing the first movement is disabled and electrical demand in the vehicle is satisfied by an accumulator. Charging of said accumulator is provided by the alternator (10). When the single cylinder diesel engine (A) starts to operate, during the conversion of the fuel inside the combustion chamber to energy via combustion, it is being heated by being exposed to thermal heating. The water pump (1 1 ) on the cylinder block (1 ) floods water to the water channels, thereby enabling the cooling procedure of the single cylinder diesel engine (A). As seen in Figure-1 , there is a front cover (12) protecting the gears, the engine oil and the regulating parts inside the internal parts of the single cylinder diesel engine (A) from external effects in front of the cylinder block (1 ). When it is desired to operate the single cylinder diesel engine (A) manually or to rotate the crank shaft during maintenance, operating lever is attached to the starting dovetail (13). It comprises the bearing caps (17) fixing the crank.

As seen in Figure-3, the single cylinder diesel engine (A) of the invention comprises an engine mount (15) being present at the bottom of the cylinder block (1 ) and carry the single cylinder diesel engine (A) and enabling its fixation to the place of usage. It comprises a piston liner (16) in which the piston (25) moves. As seen in Figure-9, the single cylinder diesel engine (A) of the invention comprises a governing group (14) adjusting the speed of the single cylinder diesel engine (A) and making desired power adjustment of the single cylinder diesel engine (A). There is a throttle lever cover (14.1 ) serving as bearing for the governor members, a throttle lever (14.2) that can perform rotating movement as connected on said throttle lever cover (14.1 ) and that enables a user to make speed adjustment and to stop the engine, and a throttle lever shaft (14.4) rotating as connected to said throttle lever (14.2) on said governor group (14). The throttle lever shaft (14.4) moves the spring tension fork (14.6) by performing rotating movement. The spring tension fork (14.6) acts on a governor spring (14.3) with which it is in contact and which keeps the system in balance, by compensating the centrifugal forces of the weights (14.7), and the spring (14.3) is connected to the pump control plate (14.1 1 ). The pump control plate (14.1 1 ) is directly attached to the governor rod (14.10) transmitting the forces formed by the weights (14.7) causing a counter-force with the rotating speed of the spring (14.3) and the camshaft. It determines the status of the system by controlling the pump with the effect of these forces.

As seen in Figure-9, it comprises a pump control plate (14.1 1 ) controlling the pump with the force provided by the governor weight (14.7) and the governor spring (14.3). The governing system bearing (14.5) serves as a bearing for the pump control plate (14.1 1 ) and provides guiding for the spring tension fork (14.6). The governor weight (14.7) leads to a centrifugal force with the rotating movement of the camshaft, thereby preventing the single cylinder diesel engine (A) from having high speed. It comprises a cap shaft (14.8) transmitting the weight forces to the governor rod (14.10). It comprises a governor rod (14.10) connected to said cap shaft (14.8) and transmitting the force taken from the cap shaft (14.8) to the pump control plate (14.1 1 ) and a governor rod bearing (14.9) serving as bearing for said governor rod (14.10).

In line with the information provided above, the single cylinder diesel engine (A) of the invention is constituted as follows:

As seen in Figure-1 , the governor group (14) is a vital organ of the single cylinder diesel engine (A) like a fuel system. As the single cylinder diesel engine (A) is loaded or unloaded, the governor group (14) enables the stabilization of the number of revolutions, i.e. the single cylinder diesel engine (A) rotated with fixed engine speed under every load. Also, when the single cylinder diesel engine (A) is load-free, it prevents the speed to increase unlimitedly and cause damage to engine members. If the single cylinder diesel engine (A) is loaded while working in any regime position, it is natural that this load causes a brake power on the single cylinder diesel engine and thus, this brake power tries to lower the number of revolutions. When the engine speed decreases, the centrifugal force formed by the governor weight also decreases. In this situation, in case of a tension, the governor spring (14.3) gasses the single cylinder diesel engine (A), thereby keeping the speed of the single cylinder diesel engine (A) in a previous position.

Claims

1. A single cylinder diesel engine (A) comprising a fuel tank (4), an oil filter (5), a starter motor (7), an alternator (10) and an engine mount (15), and used in electric generators, main and auxiliary engines of fishing vessels, agricultural and industrial motor-pumps and similar places characterized in comprising:

- a cylinder head (2) comprising the intake and exhaust manifold by serving as bearing for valve springs (19) and an injector (23) and enabling high power intake by increasing the efficiency,

- a governor group (14) adjusting the speed of the single cylinder diesel engine (A) and making desired power adjustment of the single cylinder diesel engine (A), and

- a combustion chamber (22) providing ideal air movements for combustion affecting the engine performance directly with its design.

2. The single cylinder diesel engine (A) according to claim 1 , characterized in comprising a throttle lever cover (14.1 ) serving as bearing for the governing members.

3. The single cylinder diesel engine (A) according to claim 1 , characterized in comprising a throttle lever (14.2) that enables a user to make speed adjustment and to stop the engine.

4. The single cylinder diesel engine (A) according to claim 1 , characterized in comprising a regulator spring (14.3) keeping the system in balance by compensating the centrifugal forces of the weights.

5. The single cylinder diesel engine (A) according to claim 1 , characterized in comprising a spring tension fork (14.6) making loading by providing movement for the governor spring (14.3).

6. The single cylinder diesel engine (A) according to claim 1 , characterized in comprising a throttle lever shaft (14.4) being connected and transmitting the movement of the throttle lever (14.2) to the spring tension fork (14.6).

7. The single cylinder diesel engine (A) according to claim 1 , characterized in comprising a pump control plate (14.1 1 ) controlling the pump with the force from the weights and the governor spring (14.3).

8. The single cylinder diesel engine (A) according to claim 1 , characterized in comprising a governing system bearing (14.5) providing guiding for the spring tension fork (14.6) by serving as bearing for the pump control plate (14.1 1 ).

9. The single cylinder diesel engine (A) according to claim 1 , characterized in comprising a governor weight (14.7) preventing the engine to have high speed by forming centrifugal force with rotating movement of the camshaft.

10. The single cylinder diesel engine (A) according to claim 1 , characterized in comprising a cap shaft (14.8) transmitting the weight forces to the governor rod (14.10).

11. The single cylinder diesel engine (A) according to claim 1 , characterized in comprising a governor rod (14.10) transmitting the force taken from the cap shaft (14.8) to the pump control plate (14.1 1 ).

12. The single cylinder diesel engine (A) according to claim 1 , characterized in comprising a governor rod bearing (14.9) serving as bearing for the governor rod

(14.10).

13. The single cylinder diesel engine (A) according to claim 1 , characterized in comprising a governing system bearing (14.5) providing guiding for the spring tension fork (14.6) by serving as the pump control plate (14.1 1 ).

14. The single cylinder diesel engine (A) according to claim 1 , characterized in comprising a governor weight (14.7) preventing the single cylinder diesel engine (A) to have high speed by constituting centrifugal force with rotating movement of the camshaft.

15. The single cylinder diesel engine (A) according to claim 1 , characterized in comprising a cap shaft (14.8) transmitting the weight forces to the governor rod (14.10).

16. The single cylinder diesel engine (A) according to claim 1 , characterized in comprising a governor rod (14.10) transmitting the force taken from the cap shaft

(14.8) to the pump control plate (14.1 1 ).

17. The single cylinder diesel engine (A) according to claim 1 , characterized in comprising a governing rod bearing (14.9) serving as bearing for the governor rod (14.10).