WO2016128160A1

WO2016128160A1 - Device and method for communicating with a battery cell, battery cell, battery module, battery, battery system and vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2016128160A1
Application number: PCT/EP2016/050442
Authority: WO
Inventors: Patrick Nickel
Original assignee: Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date: 2015-02-12
Filing date: 2016-01-12
Publication date: 2016-08-18
Also published as: FR3032832B1; CN107534187A; FR3032832A1; DE102015202566A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for communicating with a battery cell (10; 10₁,... 10_n), characterised by communication equipment (144, 154, 24₁,... 24_n) for wirelessly exchanging data with the battery cell (10; 10₁,... 10_n). The invention also relates to a battery cell, a battery module, a battery, a battery system, a vehicle and a method.

Description

description

title

Apparatus and method for communicating with a battery cell and battery cell, battery module, battery, battery system and vehicle

State of the art

It is foreseeable that both in stationary applications, for example in wind turbines, as well as in mobile applications, for example in electric vehicles (EV), hybrid electric vehicles (H EV) or plug-in hybrid electric vehicles , PH EV), as rechargeable electrical energy storage (EES, electro-chemical storage system, ESS) increasingly new battery systems or battery modules, for example with lithium-ion batteries, will be used.

A battery system comprises a multiplicity of battery cells, for example cylindrical or prismatic battery cells or battery cells

Electrode wrap (battery cell wrap, cell wrap, Jerry Roll, JR). The battery cells can be connected in series (series) to increase the voltage and / or connected in parallel to increase the maximum electric current and capacity. Thus, the battery cells too

Battery modules or battery units are summarized. When used to drive vehicles, for example, about 100 battery cells (as a traction battery) can be connected in series or in parallel.

For the construction of the battery system comparatively complex structures can be used. The complexity can be distributed to different levels. For battery monitoring and / or battery control, various mechanisms can be distributed to different hierarchy levels, for example: a condition monitor at a cell level, a

Voltage regulation to a higher level such as module level, battery level or system level and / or balancing distributed over several levels.

For operating the battery system is in the battery system a

For example, communication between a control device such as a control unit or battery management system (BMS) and the battery cells and / or other devices such as

Sensor devices, power electronics and switching devices required. In doing so, functions can be reduced to reduce costs

decentralized and in local processing facilities such as

application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) that are integrated into the battery cells. As a result, depending on the function, there are different requirements, in particular a transmission rate and a robustness of the communication. For communication, networking of the components of the battery system is required. In this case, in particular in high-voltage battery systems, a galvanic decoupling of the components may be required.

Thus, in order to achieve galvanic decoupling of the components of a battery system, it is necessary to provide an improved apparatus and method for communicating with a battery cell

provide.

Disclosure of the invention

The devices and methods according to the invention with the features of the independent claims have the advantage that electrical and mechanical

Connections to the battery cells can be omitted. Thereby can

Weak points or potential faults such as housing feedthroughs. In addition, the security can be increased. Furthermore, the

Requirements for the components with respect to the galvanic decoupling can be reduced. Furthermore, the structure and the production For example, the assembly can be simplified. Thus, costs such as component cost and manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Advantageous embodiments of the present invention are described in the dependent claims.

Conveniently, the communication device may comprise an antenna, for example a magnetic antenna or an electric antenna.

Thereby, the structure and the manufacture of the device can be simplified. Thus, costs such as manufacturing costs and disposal costs can be reduced. Furthermore, the structure of the battery system can be simplified.

Conveniently, the device can be used as a device for identification by means of electromagnetic waves (radio-frequency identification, RFID) such as RFID

Receiver (RFID receiver), RFID transmitter (RFID transmitter) or RFID responder (transmitter responder, transponder, transponder) may be formed. Expediently, the transponder can be designed as a passive transponder, which receives energy required for communication and execution of internal processes from the outside of a field of the device. This eliminates a power supply in the transponder. Appropriately, the transponder as an active transponder, the the

Communication and processing of internal processes required energy from a power supply transponder relates, be trained. This can increase the range for communication. Conveniently, communicating by near field communication

(near-field communication, NFC). This allows existing

Components are used. Thus, development time and / or costs such as development costs and manufacturing costs can be reduced.

Furthermore, the security and / or reliability can be increased. Conveniently, the near field communication can be connectionless. Thereby, the structure of the device can be simplified.

Conveniently, the near field communication may be connection-based. This can further increase safety.

The invention further provides a battery cell comprising the device described above.

The invention further provides a battery module that incorporates the foregoing

described device or the battery cell described above.

The invention further provides a battery comprising the above-described device, the previously described battery cell or the previously described battery module.

The invention further provides a battery system comprising the previously described device, the previously described battery cell, the previously described battery module, or the previously described battery.

The invention further provides a vehicle, in particular motor vehicle such as electric motor vehicle, hybrid vehicle, plug-in hybrid vehicle or

Electric motorcycle (electric bike, e-bike), electric bicycle (pedal electric cycle, pedelec), a marine vehicle such as electric boat or submarine (submarine), an aircraft or a spacecraft, ready, the device described above and connected to the vehicle , the battery cell previously described and connected to the vehicle, the battery module previously described and connected to the vehicle, the battery previously described and connected to the vehicle, or the battery system previously described and connected to the vehicle.

The invention further provides corresponding methods. It is within the scope of the invention not necessarily to carry out the method steps in the order described. In a further embodiment, the method steps can also be interleaved (interleaving). Furthermore, it is possible that individual sections of the described

Process can be formed as a single salable units and remaining sections of the process as other salable units. For example, it is possible for a module to include different submodules.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will become

Expert from the following description of exemplary

Embodiments, which should not be construed as limiting the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a battery cell 10 according to the embodiment of the invention, and

FIG. 2 shows a schematic perspective view of a battery system 100 according to the embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a battery cell 10 according to the embodiment of the invention. The battery cell 10 includes a battery case 110 and a battery cover

112. The battery case 110 and / or the battery cover 112 may include, for example, plastic or metal, such as aluminum, which is paramagnetic. The interior of the battery housing 110 may, along a plane 120 which is substantially parallel to the battery cover 112 and a housing bottom of the battery housing 110, in an internal or inner region or

Part 122, in which the cell chemistry is arranged in the form of a cell coil 130, and a peripheral or portion 124, which, based on a normal position of the battery cell 10 is disposed above the above-mentioned internal area 122 to be divided. The battery cell 10 further includes a negative battery cell terminal (terminal) 132i and a positive terminal 132 ₂ , each extending from the interior of the cell coil 130 through the battery cover 112 therethrough.

The battery cell 10 may further include an internal processing device 140 disposed in the internal region 122, as exemplified in FIG. 1, above or above the cell coil 130. The internal

Processing device 140 includes a first processing device 142, which may be designed, for example, as a microprocessor or microcontroller, a first interface device or communication device 144, which may be formed, for example, as an antenna device, for

Communicate and first detection means, for example, as sensor means for detecting measured values such as voltage readings, current readings and / or temperature readings such as integrated first temperature sensor means 146i or remote second

Temperature sensor device 146 ₂ , which, as shown by way of example in Figure 1, may be disposed within the cell coil 130 may be formed. Since the sensor devices can be arranged in or at the cell winding 130, the detection can be improved, for example, in terms of accuracy, resolution and speed. The internal processing device 140 may include further devices, for example a first memory device such as volatile memory or nonvolatile memory. The internal processing device 140 may be formed on a first carrier, for example on a first board. The first carrier may be flexible and / or comprise plastic. The internal processing device 140 can extract electrical energy for working, for example, from the cell coil 130 or a first energy store such as a rechargeable energy store, which the internal processing device 140 further comprises, via the first interface device or communication device 144 or via a first inductive and / or capacitive coupling device received, or by means of a first energy harvester from mechanical

Generate energy such as vibration energy. The internal processing device 140 may, for example, at a low level, perform functions

Deploy protection functions and communicate with a middle level and / or higher level by means of the first interface device or communication device 144. The battery cell 10 may further include a peripheral processing device 150 disposed in the peripheral region 124, as exemplified in FIG. 1, above and above the internal processing device 140, respectively. The internal processing device 150 includes a second one

Processing device 152, which may be formed, for example, as a microprocessor or microcontroller, a second interface device or communication device 154, which may be formed, for example, as an antenna device for communicating and second detection devices, for example, as sensor devices for sensor or for acquiring measured values such as voltage readings, current readings and or

Temperature measurements such as third temperature sensor means 156 may be formed. The peripheral processing device 150 may include others

Means, for example, a second memory device such as volatile memory or non-volatile memory or a switching device 158, which may be implemented, for example, as power electronics for Aktorik or turn on, off, switching and / or connecting the battery cell 10 include. The peripheral processing device 150 may be formed on a second carrier, for example on a second board. The second carrier may be flexible and / or comprise plastic. Electrical power to operate may be taken from the peripheral processing device 150, for example, from a second energy store, such as a rechargeable energy store, which the peripheral processing device 150 further includes, via the second interface device or

Communication device 154 or received via a second inductive and / or capacitive coupling device, or by means of a second

Generate energy harvesting device from mechanical energy such as vibrational energy. The internal processing device 140 may implement, at the middle level, other functions, such as state of charge (SoC) and / or health (SoH) control functions or state of charge determinations, and the second interface device 154 low level and / or higher level communicate. Thus, the battery cell 10 has a multi-stage structure and is suitable for networking. Since information can be processed internally and / or peripherally, ie locally, the volume of communication and / or central processing can be reduced.

The battery system 100 includes a plurality of battery cells 10 i n, ... 10 _n, and a plurality of n-1 of cell connectors 30i _2, 30 ₂ 3, ... 30 _(n -i) _n, for electrically

Connecting the battery cells 10i, ... 10 _n and the terminals 132i, 132 _second

together. The battery cells 10 i, ... 10 _n may each be provided with respect to

Figure 1 described battery cell 10 correspond. The battery cells 10i, ...

10 _n can, as shown by way of example in FIG. 2, be physically connected to one another in series. The battery system 100 further includes two

Battery system ports 30i, 30 for electrically connecting the _n

Battery system 100.

The battery system 100 further comprises a communication device 21 which, based on a normal position of the

Battery cells 10i, ... 10 _n above or above the battery cells 10i, ... 10 _n or the internal processing devices 140 and / or internal

Processing devices 150 is arranged, and a control device 28, which may be connected via a higher-level communication link 29 with a higher-level device, for controlling the

Battery system 100.

The communication device 21 comprises a first interface device or communication device 24i, for example antenna device, which is connected via a first system-internal communication link 23i to the

Control device 29 is connected to communicate with one or more of the processing devices 140, 150. The

Communication device 21 may further include one or more of the battery cells 10i ... 22i comprise a first control means for controlling, 10 _n. The first control device 22i can, as shown by way of example in FIG be associated with the first communication device 24i. The

Communication device 21 may further comprise a second or more further or interface device or communication device 24 ₂ , 24 _n for communicating with one or more of the processing devices 140, 150. The communication device 21 may further include a second or more additional control devices 22i, 22 _n for controlling

Battery cells 10i, ... 10 _n include. The control devices 22 i,... 22 _n can, as shown by way of example in FIG

Communication devices 24i, ... 24 _{n be} assigned. The

Communication device 21 may be formed on a third carrier, for example, on a third board. The third carrier may be flexible and / or comprise plastic. Alternatively, the first

Communication device 24i or the communication devices 24i, ... 24 _n on the battery cells 10i, ... 10 _n and the battery covers 112 arranged and fixed, for example, be glued.

In this case, by a favorable design of the geometry, for example, small distances between the interface devices 144, 154 and the communication devices 24i, ... 24 _n a high efficiency for the transmission of the communication and / or energy and / or a low interference of the communication achieved by interference become. The

Antenna devices of the interface devices 144, 154 and

Communication devices 24i,... 24 _n can be used, for example, as

magnetic antennas such as planar coils or electrical antennas such as rod antennas or line antennas are formed.

The control device 28 may include a processing device and / or a memory device for storing commands and / or data such as measured values. The processing device can be designed as a microprocessor or microcontroller. The memory device can be designed as a volatile and / or non-volatile memory.

The control device 28 can, at the higher level, implement further or other functions, for example, control functions for the load distribution and with the higher-level device and by means of the Communication device 21 communicate with the low level and / or middle level.

The controller 28 may include information about a configuration (configuration information) of the battery system 100.

Configuration information can be set, for example, by means of

Terminal coding or jumper (jumper) be mechanically adjustable. Furthermore, battery cells 10; 10i, ... 10 _n, for example, by means of

Battery cell identification numbers (cell IDs) are assigned.

Configuration information can each be queried from a higher hierarchical level. As a result, the assembly and / or production can be simplified.

The battery system 100 may include more than one controller 28 (multi-master system). The control devices can be configured redundantly.

The communication device 21 provides as a communication medium a physical layer having a sufficient transmission quality in terms of transmission data rate R, transmission error rate and

Ensures transmission availability and, for example by means of cyclic redundancy check (cyclic redundancy check, CRC) detects errors and / or corrects, for example by means of channel coding (channel encoding) the error. This allows bidirectional communication, and each component can communicate with every other component.

The communication medium may be the messages as physical signals such as electrical signals, magnetic signals, electromagnetic signals, radio signals, optical signals, light signals, acoustic signals or

Transmit sound waves like structure-borne sound waves. The communication medium can transmit wireless signals, for example via Bluetooth, wireless local area network (WLAN), ZigBee. The communication medium may include messages as modulated signals such as frequency modulated (FM) signals, pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) signals or ultra-wide band (UWB) signals, or multiplexed signals such as code-division multiple-access (CDMA) signals, frequency-division multiple-access (FDMA) signals, orthogonal frequency division mutiplexing (OFDM) signals or time-division multiple-access (TDMA) signals, for example, transmitted directly in a baseband or onto a carrier modulated. For the transmission, the frame of a physical message (physical layer) may have a specific structure, for example, with a training sequence, a training signal, a

Synchronization sequence, a synchronization signal, a data sequence, a data signal and / or one or more other elements such as a CRC sequence have. The communication medium may transmit the messages as encrypted signals. A parameterization of the encryption can take place, for example, during production or when the battery system 100 is switched on or started.

The battery system 100 may include various hierarchical levels, for example decoupled hierarchy levels. The battery system 100 may

Include protection functions near the battery, lower levels, and higher-level control functions.

The battery system 100 may include a plurality of battery modules and / or batteries.

Finally, it is noted that expressions such as "comprising" and

The numbers used are merely exemplary, such that a plurality may comprise two, four, five, six, or more elements or steps Furthermore, it is noted that numerals or ordinal numbers such as "first", "second", etc. serve exclusively to distinguish elements and steps, without a sequence of arrangement of the elements or the In addition, the features described in connection with the various embodiments can be arbitrary

be combined with each other. Finally, it is noted that the

Reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

claims

1. A device for communicating with a battery cell (10; 10i, ... 10 _n ), characterized by:

- a communication device (144, 154, 24i, ... 24 _n ) for wireless exchange of data with the battery cell (10, 10i, ... 10 _n ).

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

- The communication device (144, 154, 24i, ... 24 _n ) comprises an antenna, magnetic antenna or electrical antenna.

The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein:

- The device is designed as an RFID device, RFID receiver, RFID transmitter or R Fl D transponder,

- The transponder is designed as a passive transponder,

- The transponder is designed as an active transponder,

- the communication takes place by means of near-field communication,

- the near field communication is connectionless, or

- The near field communication is connected by connection.

4. battery cell (10; 10i, ... 10 _n ), comprising:

- The device according to one of claims 1 to 3.

5. Battery module, comprising:

- The device according to one of claims 1 to 3, or

- The battery cell (10; 10i, ... 10 _n ) according to claim 4.

6. Battery comprising:

the device according to one of claims 1 to 3,

- The battery cell (10; 10i, ... 10 _n ) according to claim 4, or

- The battery module according to claim 5.

7. A battery system (100) comprising:

the device according to one of claims 1 to 3,

- The battery cell (10, 10i, ... 10 _n ) according to claim 4,

- The battery module according to claim 5, or

- The battery according to claim 6.

8. A vehicle comprising:

the device according to one of claims 1 to 3 connected to the vehicle,

- The battery cell (10; 10i, ... 10 _n ) according to claim 4, connected to the vehicle,

the battery module according to claim 5, connected to the vehicle,

- The battery according to claim 6, connected to the vehicle, or

- The battery system (100) according to claim 7, connected to the vehicle.

9. A method for communicating with a battery cell (10; 10 i, ... 10 _n), characterized by:

- Providing a communication device (144, 154, 24i, ... 24 _n ) for wireless exchange of data with the battery cell (10, 10i, ... 10 _n ).

The method of claim 8, wherein:

11. The method of claim 8 or 9, wherein:

the device is designed as an RFID device, RFID receiver, RFID transmitter or R FL D transponder,

the transponder is designed as a passive transponder,

the transponder is designed as an active transponder,

- the communication takes place by means of near-field communication,

- the near field communication is connectionless, or

- The near field communication is connected by connection.