WO2016128011A1

WO2016128011A1 - Cylinder pressure module for an internal combustion engine, internal combustion engine, and method for operating an internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: WO2016128011A1
Application number: PCT/EP2015/002402
Authority: WO
Inventors: Albrecht Debelak; Aron Toth
Original assignee: Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh
Priority date: 2015-02-12
Filing date: 2015-11-30
Publication date: 2016-08-18
Also published as: DE102015009201B4; WO2016128012A1; DE102015009202A1; DE102015009201A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a cylinder pressure module (1) for an internal combustion engine (3), wherein the cylinder pressure module (1) is designed to be arranged in the region of a cylinder (33, 33', 33") of an internal combustion engine (3), said cylinder being associated with the cylinder pressure module (1), comprising a pressure-sensing device (5) designed to sense a combustion chamber pressure in the associated cylinder (33, 33', 33") in dependence on time and/or angle, a pressure progression analysis device (7) designed to analyze the sensed combustion chamber pressure, and a network device (9) designed to connect the cylinder pressure module (1) to a control unit (11) of an internal combustion engine (3) and/or to a further cylinder pressure module (1).

Description

MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH

DESCRIPTION

Cylinder pressure module for an internal combustion engine, internal combustion engine and

Method for operating an internal combustion engine

The invention relates to a cylinder pressure module for an internal combustion engine, a

Internal combustion engine and a method for operating an internal combustion engine.

Modern internal combustion engines have a multiplicity of different control devices, in particular a central engine control unit, as well as a plurality of individual control units set up for specific tasks and functions. This may be, for example, a knock module for knock detection, a separate pressure analysis module for

Combustion chamber pressure analysis, as well as a separate control device for recording characteristics for a classification act. These controllers are typically connected via a data bus to the central controller. Likewise, there are a plurality of sensors, which are operatively connected to the corresponding control units. For example, each cylinder of an internal combustion engine may be assigned a thermocouple, which may be used for cylinder failure detection. Furthermore, knock sensors,

Single storage pressure sensors, and combustion chamber pressure sensors usual. This multitude of sensors and control devices monitors and regulates the state of the internal combustion engine. In this case, many of the sensors are each assigned to a cylinder, wherein signals of the sensors are detected centrally by one of the various control devices, and where the signals coming from the sensors are further processed there. It also turns out that one

Combustion chamber pressure analysis using a central, common to all cylinders control unit can be performed only with great technical and economic effort, provided that all cylinders must be recorded simultaneously and over a measuring window of 720 ° KW and evaluated. The variety of control devices and sensors is costly and expensive, in particular, a cabling effort is immense. The invention has for its object to provide a cylinder pressure module, an internal combustion engine and a method for operating such an internal combustion engine, said disadvantages do not occur. The object is achieved by providing the subject matters of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments emerge from the subclaims.

The object is achieved in particular by a cylinder pressure module for a

Internal combustion engine is provided, wherein the cylinder pressure module is arranged to be arranged in the region of a cylinder pressure module associated with the cylinder

Internal combustion engine. The cylinder pressure module has a pressure detection device, which is set up for the time and / or angle-dependent detection of a combustion chamber pressure in the associated cylinder. Next, the cylinder pressure module has a

Pressure course analysis device, which is set up to analyze the detected

Combustion chamber pressure. The cylinder pressure module has, in particular, a network device which is set up to connect the cylinder pressure module to a control unit of the

Internal combustion engine and / or with another cylinder pressure module. In connection with the cylinder pressure module there are advantages compared to the prior art.

In particular, it is possible by the cylinder pressure module to reduce the variety of ECUs and cabling overhead on a Brenrikraftmaschine. This is because the cylinder pressure module itself has a pressure curve analysis device, so that it can independently analyze a detected combustion chamber pressure for the cylinder assigned to it. So it does not require a central controller for the pressure curve analysis. By the

Network device, it is particularly possible to assign each cylinder of an internal combustion engine, a separate cylinder pressure module, the cylinder pressure modules can be preferably connected to each other to form a network. Each of the cylinder pressure modules is arranged to provide a combustion chamber pressure analysis for its associated cylinder

perform. The data thus obtained can be transmitted directly to a central control unit of the internal combustion engine with which the cylinder pressure modules are preferably connected. It is obvious that in this way a central

Pressure course analysis module can be omitted. Since each of the cylinder pressure modules only performs a pressure curve analysis for the cylinder assigned to it, it is readily possible to increase the pressure during the entire working cycle of the cylinder, in particular above 720 ° crank angle in a four-stroke engine - with 720 ° crank angle per cycle analyze and evaluate. Based on the recorded and analyzed

Combustion chamber pressure can be obtained a variety of information and / or diagnostics on the cylinder, in particular a very accurate cylinder failure detection and also very accurate knock detection can be performed. Therefore, you can

Single temperature sensors or thermocouples on the cylinders are eliminated, and separate knock sensors are no longer required. Accordingly, there is no need for a separate knock module for knock detection. Rather, the cylinder pressure module itself a

Perform knock detection on the basis of the recorded and analyzed pressure curve. Also, equality of different cylinders can be performed based on the pressure history analysis of the cylinder pressure modules. In particular, those of the

Cylinder pressure modules transmitted to the central control unit data can be used in the central control unit. Thus, the cylinder pressure module can contribute to a constant power of the internal combustion engine over its lifetime, a consumption optimization, a motor protection function, a diagnosis and / or a fault detection. Since the cylinder pressure module can replace a plurality of sensors and controllers, assembly of the internal combustion engine is simplified, and cabling work is drastically reduced.

The decentralization of the calculation steps performed by the cylinder pressure module, in particular the pressure profile analysis, has the advantage that the computing power of the

Cylinder pressure modules do not have to be shared with other cylinders. Thus, the full computing power and the full memory of a cylinder pressure module are available only for the one, this cylinder pressure module specifically assigned cylinder. This allows a full record of the working cycle of the cylinder, that is, in particular over 720 ° crank angle in a four-stroke engine. This has the advantage that the central control unit and / or the engine management system, for example, can respond immediately to critical events such as knocking work cycles.

A particular advantage also results in the following manner: Depending on the operating state of the internal combustion engine - for example, start, idle, normal operation, overspeed - the central controller can only request those calculated from the combustion chamber pressure characteristics of the individual cylinder pressure modules, the current and in particular

Operating point dependent are particularly important. Thus, for example, in critical operating conditions such as overspeed - at very short time intervals between two Injections - transfer only the most necessary data to the central control unit. The risk of collisions on a data link between the cylinder pressure modules and the central control unit - due to large amounts of data - is thus reduced.

Preferably, the cylinder pressure module calculates all relevant values, wherein optionally a selection of values can be interrogated by the control device, in particular operating point-dependent.

It should be added that the costs for the cylinder pressure module exclusively from the

Depend on cylinder number of the internal combustion engine. It can be especially for each

Internal combustion engine - regardless of the number of cylinders - always the same cylinder pressure module are used, with only the number of cylinder pressure modules used varies with the number of cylinders of the internal combustion engine. On the other hand, in the case of central pressure curve analysis devices, it is always necessary - for logistical reasons - to take into account and maintain a maximum number of possible cylinders of a series of internal combustion engines for which the central system must be provided. For example, even if a

Internal combustion engine has only eight cylinders, a device can be used, which is also adapted for an internal combustion engine with twenty cylinders. It is obvious that with the aid of the cylinder pressure module, in particular smaller internal combustion engines with a smaller number of cylinders can now be represented less expensively than is possible with a central control unit for pressure profile analysis.

Preferably, the cylinder pressure module is also configured to pass a

Single memory pressure analysis. In particular, when injectors are used with individual memories, these pressure sensors can be assigned to detect a single storage pressure. The cylinder pressure module preferably has an individual storage pressure interface to a corresponding individual storage pressure sensor or an integrated one

Single accumulator pressure sensor, wherein the pressure curve analysis device - which is preferably designed generally as a computing device - is in this case also set up for the detection and evaluation of the measured by means of the single accumulator pressure sensor

Single memory pressure. Thus, with the cylinder pressure module not only the combustion process characterizing parameters of a cylinder can be detected, but also injection quantities thereof, such as injection start, injection end and / or injection duration, resulting in synergy effects. The cylinder pressure module is preferably used for all types of internal combustion engines, in particular for diesel engines, gas engines, dual-fuel engines (BiFuel or dual-fuel) and other engine types. In a preferred embodiment of the cylinder pressure module is provided that this can be arranged on a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, in particular mountable. Alternatively or additionally, it is preferably provided that the cylinder pressure module in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine can be arranged, in particular mountable. In this way it is possible to arrange the cylinder pressure module in the immediate spatial vicinity of the cylinder assigned to it, in particular on the cylinder assigned to it. An optionally provided wiring with a cylinder pressure sensor and / or a

Single storage pressure sensor can then be very short and thus made immune to interference.

That the cylinder pressure module is set up for the time and / or angle-dependent detection of a combustion chamber pressure means, in particular, that it is set up to detect the combustion chamber pressure as a function of a time parameter, a crankshaft angle, also referred to as crank angle, and / or a camshaft angle, also referred to as cam angle , It is possible that a time value or time parameter is predetermined by the central control unit of the internal combustion engine and transmitted to the cylinder pressure module. One

Clutch angle is preferably detected by a crankshaft sensor, transmitted by the latter to the central control unit, and in turn from the central control unit to the

Cylinder pressure module passed. A cam angle is preferably by a

N ockenwellensensor detected, preferably transmitted to the central control unit and passed from this preferably to the cylinder pressure module. Particularly preferably, the cylinder pressure module is configured to detect the combustion chamber pressure as a function of the crank angle. It is possible for the cylinder pressure module to be configured to detect the combustion chamber pressure as a function of the cam angle if the crank angle signal can no longer be detected or received due to a technical defect. In this respect, the cylinder pressure module is preferably set up to be dependent on a crank angle

Detection of the combustion chamber pressure to switch to a cam angle-dependent detection.

The pressure curve analysis device is preferably designed as a computing device, wherein the computing device is in particular configured to analyze the detected combustion chamber pressure. In addition, however, it is possible in a preferred embodiment that the Computing device is set up for other functions, for example, for a single memory pressure detection, in particular for detecting a start of injection, a

Injecting and / or an injection duration for the cylinder associated with the cylinder pressure module. With regard to the analysis of the detected combustion chamber pressure, the cylinder pressure module-in particular the pressure curve analysis device-is preferably set up to evaluate a combustion course and / or a heating course of the cylinder. Additionally or alternatively, the cylinder pressure module - in particular the pressure curve analysis device - is preferably set up for knock detection on the basis of the detected combustion chamber pressure, to one

Failure detection of the cylinder and / or to a torque calculation. It is possible that the analysis of the detected combustion chamber pressure additionally or alternatively includes further evaluations.

The network device preferably has a data interface, in particular a standardized interface and preferably a uniform system interface, which is in particular configured for connecting a communication line. This may be, for example, a standardized data bus. That's the way it is

Cylinder pressure module readily usable with a variety of different control devices, especially if they also have a uniform and / or standardized interface for connection to the communication line.

An embodiment of the cylinder pressure module is preferred, which is characterized in that the pressure detection device is a pressure signal interface to a

Pressure sensor has. In this case, the pressure sensor is preferably separate from the

Cylinder pressure module provided. Preferably, the pressure detection device has a standardized pressure signal interface, which is provided with a plurality of different

Pressure sensors, in particular with pressure sensors from different manufacturers, can be used. Such pressure sensors are typically calibrated internally, so there is no specific one

Adaptation of the cylinder pressure module to the cylinder pressure sensor used concretely required. Rather, it suffices to produce an operative connection via the pressure signal interface.

Alternatively or additionally, it is possible that the pressure detection device has a built-in pressure sensor electronics in the cylinder pressure module. In this case that is

Cylinder pressure module preferably operatively connected to a simple pressure measuring cell, the self has no electronics for the evaluation of the measured pressure signal. Rather, then this electronics part of the pressure detection device.

It is possible that a pressure sensor and a cylinder pressure module in succession in the

Cylinder head are screwed, which can be operatively connected to each other when screwing the cylinder pressure module behind the pressure sensor, in particular by a plug connection is realized.

An exemplary embodiment of the cylinder pressure module is also preferred, which is characterized in that the pressure curve analysis device is set up to analyze the combustion chamber pressure, which is detected by time and / or angle, over an entire cycle of the associated cylinder. In particular, the pressure curve analysis device is set up to analyze the time and / or angle dependent detected combustion chamber pressure curve over 720 ° crank angle in a four-stroke engine. Thus, it is possible to complete the

To detect combustion chamber pressure profile of the cylinder and perform a varied and very accurate analysis with regard to different characteristics, parameters and / or errors.

The pressure-course analysis device is preferably set up for selecting a measurement window for the pressure profile and / or an evaluation window for evaluating the pressure profile. In particular, smaller crank angle ranges than the total operating cycle of the cylinder for detecting and / or analyzing the combustion chamber pressure profile can be selected.

Furthermore, the pressure curve analysis device is preferably set up for setting a sampling frequency for the detection of the combustion chamber pressure profile.

An embodiment of the cylinder pressure module is preferred, which is characterized in that the network device is set up to assign its own address for the cylinder pressure module. The cylinder pressure module is particularly preferred

arranged to a position of its associated cylinder in a firing order of

Recognize internal combustion engine, wherein it is further set to assign a node corresponding to this position number. Initial indicate the cylinder pressure modules

Preferably, an identical address, in which they can all be parameterized in particular by the central control unit. Only after this common parameterization, in which the cylinder pressure modules from the central control unit global parameters of Receive internal combustion engine received received, the cylinder pressure modules preferably perform a Zündfolgenpositionsbestimmung for their associated cylinders and then assign themselves to the position corresponding node number. With this node number, each specific cylinder pressure module now has its own address under which it can send data to the central control unit and via the central control unit

can be addressed and distinguished. A Zündfolgenpositionsbestimmung is preferably carried out at each engine start. In addition, the central control unit checks whether the initial parameters in the individual cylinder pressure modules have changed. Any exchange of cylinder pressure modules on the internal combustion engine can be detected.

An embodiment of the cylinder printing module is also preferred, which is characterized by an analysis interface which is set up for connecting a peripheral

Analyzer, in particular an indexing system and / or an oscilloscope. The

Analysis interface is provided in addition to the network device, so that a

Connection to the peripheral analyzer independent of a connection of the

Cylinder pressure module with a communication line, in particular with a central control unit and / or with other cylinder pressure modules, can be set. This additional analysis interface is very advantageous because the cylinder pressure module can thus be used in particular as a sensor on a test bench, without additional, more expensive test bench sensors must be provided for evaluation by an indexing system. Thus, otherwise conventional charge amplifiers can be omitted.

In addition, the analysis interface offers the following advantages: No further, very complicated to be constructed indexing holes in the cylinder head are required, and an elaborate and interference-prone wiring, which would be necessary without the analysis interface by splitting the combustion chamber pressure signal, can be dispensed with. The splitting had so far with all the resulting disadvantages in cylinder heads with only one

Indexing hole per cylinder can be applied. It has been found that an accuracy of the cylinder pressure module for typical

Test bench applications is sufficient so that it requires no more accurate test bench sensors.

The option of connecting an oscilloscope directly to the cylinder pressure module is particularly beneficial for service employees in the field of application. Thus, the Cylinder pressure signals can be directly displayed with minimal effort and evaluated by the service employee. Of course, an oscilloscope can also be connected to the analysis interface on a test bench, in particular if no

Indexing system is available. The analysis interface is preferably an analog interface. This enables a particularly simple connection of external devices such as an indexing system and / or an oscilloscope. In this case, the

Analysis interface preferably two contacts, namely a signal contact and a ground contact. The object is also achieved by providing an internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder, wherein the at least one cylinder is associated with a cylinder pressure module according to one of the previously described embodiments. The cylinder pressure module is in particular designed for arrangement in the region of the cylinder of the internal combustion engine assigned to it, wherein it has a pressure detection device, configured for time and / or angle-dependent detection of a combustion chamber pressure in the associated cylinder and a pressure curve analysis device, configured for analyzing the detected combustion chamber pressure, and also a network device which is set up to connect the cylinder pressure module with a control unit of the internal combustion engine and / or with a further cylinder pressure module. The at least one cylinder pressure module is by means of

Network device connected to the control unit of the internal combustion engine. In this way, a network is preferably realized, wherein for the at least one cylinder complete and highly accurate pressure curve analyzes are possible. The number of control devices and the sensors of the internal combustion engine can be reduced, so that a cabling effort is reduced. In particular, the advantages that have already been explained in connection with the cylinder pressure module are realized. The control unit of the internal combustion engine, with which the at least one cylinder pressure module is connected, is preferably a central one

Engine control unit, also referred to as engine control unit (ECU).

An internal combustion engine having at least two cylinders is also preferred, wherein each of the cylinders is assigned a separate cylinder pressure module. The cylinder pressure modules of the cylinders are preferably connected to one another by means of their network devices and to the control unit of the internal combustion engine. An exemplary embodiment of the internal combustion engine is preferred, which is characterized in that the at least one cylinder pressure module and the control unit are connected to one another via a communication line. The communication line preferably has a data bus, a time and / or angle signal bus and at least one supply line for supplying the cylinder pressure modules with electrical power.

The internal combustion engine is preferably designed as a reciprocating engine. In a preferred embodiment, the internal combustion engine is used to drive in particular heavy land or water vehicles, such as mine vehicles, trains, the internal combustion engine is used in a locomotive or a railcar, or ships. It is also possible to use the internal combustion engine to drive a defense vehicle, for example a tank. An embodiment of the internal combustion engine is preferably also stationary, for example, for stationary

Energy supply used in emergency power, continuous load operation or peak load operation, the internal combustion engine in this case preferably drives a generator. A stationary application of the internal combustion engine for driving auxiliary equipment, such as fire pumps on oil rigs, is possible. Furthermore, an application of the

Internal combustion engine in the field of promotion of fossil raw materials and in particular fuels, for example oil and / or gas possible. It is also possible to use the internal combustion engine in the industrial sector or in the field of construction, for example in a construction or construction machine, for example in a crane or an excavator. The

Internal combustion engine is preferably designed as a diesel engine, as a gasoline engine, as a gas engine for operation with natural gas, biogas, special gas or other suitable gas.

In particular, when the internal combustion engine is designed as a gas engine, it is suitable for use in a cogeneration plant for stationary power generation.

The object is also achieved by a method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular an internal combustion engine according to one of the previously described

Embodiments, is provided, wherein an internal combustion engine is operated with at least one cylinder, the at least one cylinder is associated with a cylinder pressure module according to one of the embodiments described above, wherein the at least one cylinder pressure module by means of its network device with the control unit of

Bennennkraftmaschine is connected, wherein by the at least one cylinder pressure module, a BTennraumdruck in the at least one cylinder is detected and analyzed, wherein data, Parameter and / or characteristic values are exchanged between the at least one cylinder pressure module and the central control unit. In the context of the method, the advantages realized already in connection with the cylinder pressure module and the

Internal combustion engine have been explained.

An embodiment of the method is preferred in which an internal combustion engine is operated with at least two cylinders, wherein each of the cylinders is a separate one

Cylinder pressure module according to one of the embodiments described above is assigned, wherein the cylinder pressure modules are connected by means of their network devices with each other and with the control unit of the internal combustion engine, wherein the cylinder pressure modules separately each a combustion chamber pressure in the associated cylinder is detected and analyzed, wherein data, parameters and / or Characteristic values are exchanged between the cylinder pressure modules and the central control unit. It is preferably provided that the at least one cylinder pressure module of the

Controller receives a time and / or angle parameters, in particular a crank angle signal and / or a cam angle signal receives, where it determines the combustion chamber pressure profile in the associated cylinder in dependence on the time and / or angle parameters, in particular the crank angle and / or the cam angle. The at least one cylinder pressure module automatically carries out an analysis of the detected combustion chamber pressure profile and transmits at least one result resulting from the analysis to the central one

Control unit. Preferably, the at least one cylinder pressure module is supplied by the central control unit with a supply voltage. An embodiment of the method is preferred, which is characterized in that at least one parameter that is characteristic of the internal combustion engine is transmitted to the at least one cylinder pressure module, in particular all cylinder pressure modules, from the control unit. This has the advantage that the cylinder pressure modules can be configured completely independently of the specific internal combustion engine in which they are used. When switching on the supply voltage and in particular at a first start the

Internal combustion engine and an initialization of the central control unit is preferably a - especially unique - parameter download for all cylinder pressure modules, making them suitable for use in the specific internal combustion engine in which they are installed, be set up. Such an initialization is then preferably carried out again for the first time when a cylinder printing module is replaced or during a new installation.

It is preferably provided that the cylinder pressure modules automatically perform a recognition of a position of their associated cylinder in a firing order of the internal combustion engine and assign an address in the network formed by the cylinder pressure modules in dependence on the detected position. As a result, the cylinder printing modules are able to automatically build a network, without the need for a central specification by the controller. In this case, the cylinder pressure modules preferably detect, depending on the crank angle, the combustion chamber pressure profile of the cylinder assigned to them, in particular receiving an ignition table from the central control unit as parameters characteristic of the internal combustion engine. A pressure maximum occurring in the detected combustion chamber pressure curve can then be assigned to a current crank angle, wherein the

Cylinder pressure modules based on the ignition table can determine which cylinder within the firing order they are arranged. It is then easily possible that the

Cylinder pressure modules, which otherwise initially preferably all have the same address, assign a separate node number for specifying their address.

This assignment preferably takes place initially during a first start of the internal combustion engine. Incidentally, it is preferably checked - in particular at a start of the internal combustion engine - on the basis of a healthy test lob, whether something has changed in the assignment of the cylinder pressure modules. Only if this check returns a change will a new one occur

Initialization. This can be the case in particular if there is at least one exchange

Cylinder pressure module or reinstall the case.

The at least one parameter which the at least one cylinder pressure module receives from the control unit is preferably selected from a group comprising a piston diameter, a cylinder stroke, a connecting rod length, a compression ratio, a polytropic exponent, a crank angle gap to top dead center of the first

Cylinder in the firing order, a scaling of cylinder pressure sensors, in particular given in pressure per electrical voltage, a thermodynamic loss angle, which is needed for the determination of top dead center, a measurement window - preferably in degrees I crank angle (° CA) - for a start and an end the combustion chamber pressure detection and / or the combustion chamber analysis, a resolution - preferably in degrees crank angle (° CA) - for a Brennraumdruckerfassung and / or a combustion chamber pressure analysis, a sampling frequency - preferably in kHz - for the combustion chamber pressure detection, a limit from which a certain function of the cylinder pressure module is to be triggered, and a Zündtabelle, in particular for determining and assigning a specific node number for the

Cylinder pressure modules. Additionally or alternatively it can be transmitted as a parameter, which sales points to calculate and / or to be transmitted, for example 10%, 50% or 75%.

The at least one parameter is preferred after application of the operating voltage (ignition-on) and a start-up of the central control unit - and in particular before starting the internal combustion engine - from the central control unit to all of the

Communication line connected cylinder printing modules transmitted. The

Cylinder pressure modules preferably calculate one-time from the transmitted parameters, in particular a cylinder volume and a stroke volume. An embodiment of the method is also preferred, which is characterized in that the at least one cylinder pressure module stores at least one cylinder-specific characteristic value in a non-volatile memory. The characteristic value is preferably selected from a group consisting of a maximum peak pressure, an indicated mean pressure, a KJopfintensität, a peak pressure gradient, and a number of load changes. These values are particularly interesting for maintenance or possibly occurring damage to the internal combustion engine. Characterized in that the at least one individual cylinder characteristic value is stored in a non-volatile memory of the cylinder pressure module, for example, an aging of the individual cylinders are recorded, such data are retained, even if the central controller has a fault or is defective and

must be replaced. Preferably, the at least one characteristic value is exchanged with the control unit, particularly preferably transmitted to a non-volatile memory of the control unit, so that it is present both in the control unit and in the cylinder pressure module. In this case, the value is retained even if the cylinder pressure module, but not the control unit, has a defect and / or must be replaced.

Incidentally, a learning characteristic map of the central control unit is preferably used with the aid of the cylinder pressure module, so that the internal combustion engine can continue to be operated when a cylinder pressure module and / or the communication line to the central control unit fails. In that regard, the permanent use of the cylinder pressure module via a first, initial Cylinder equalization addition, in particular for optimal performance design and

Moment calculation important, but the internal combustion engine can still be operated by means of the learning map even with failed cylinder pressure module - but then not necessarily with optimal performance design. Incidentally, it is preferred via the cylinder pressure modules failure detection of mechanical parts and a

Compression pressure detection performed.

The invention also includes a construction kit for an internal combustion engine, wherein the modular system has a cylinder pressure module, in particular a cylinder pressure module according to one of the embodiments described above. The cylinder pressure module is uniform for all

Internal combustion engines that can be realized with the modular system. In particular, that is

Cylinder pressure module preferably uniform for all types of internal combustion engines, such as gas engines, diesel engines, dual-fuel engines, and other engines, as well as uniform for all injection systems, diesel injection systems, in particular for common rail systems, pump line-nozzle systems, and further preferably uniform for all gas systems. The result is an extremely simple logistics, because the specific parameters for individual series on the parameters of the engine management determined and in particular are transmitted from the central control unit to the cylinder pressure modules. All cylinder pressure modules have only one

Software that is the same for all engine types and cylinder variants. Thus, only a part number for the cylinder printing modules is necessary.

The description of the cylinder pressure module, the internal combustion engine, the modular box on the one hand and the method on the other hand are to be understood complementary to each other. Features of the cylinder pressure module, the internal combustion engine and the building block, which have been explicitly or implicitly described in connection with the method, are preferably individually or

Combined features of a preferred embodiment of the

Cylinder pressure module, the internal combustion engine and / or the kit. Method steps which have been described explicitly or implicitly in connection with the cylinder pressure module, the internal combustion engine and / or the modular system are preferably individually or combined with one another Steps of a preferred embodiment of the method. This is preferably characterized by at least one method step, which is characterized by at least one feature of

Cylinder pressure module, the internal combustion engine and / or the kit is conditional. The

Cylinder pressure module, the internal combustion engine and / or the kit draw / stands out preferably by at least one feature, which is due to at least one process step of a preferred embodiment of the method.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Showing:

Figure 1 is a schematic detail of an embodiment of a

Internal combustion engine with a cylinder pressure module;

Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a

Internal combustion engine with a plurality of cylinder pressure modules, and

Figure 3 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the method.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a

Cylinder pressure module 1 for a schematically indicated internal combustion engine 3, wherein the cylinder pressure module 1 is arranged to be arranged in the region of a

Cylinder pressure module 1 associated cylinder of the internal combustion engine 3, in particular on or in a cylinder head thereof. The cylinder pressure module 1 has a

Pressure detection device 5, which is adapted to the time- and / or angle-dependent detection of a combustion chamber pressure in the associated cylinder of the internal combustion engine 3. The term "time and / or angle-dependent detection means that the

Combustion chamber pressure can be detected by the pressure detection device 5 depending on a time and / or angle parameters, a crank angle and / or a cam angle of the internal combustion engine 3.

The cylinder pressure module 1 also has a pressure curve analysis device 7, which is set up to analyze the detected combustion chamber pressure. In particular, the

Druckverlaufsanalyseeinrichtung 7 set to from the detected combustion chamber pressure a firing course, a heating curve, and / or a current torque of the internal combustion engine 3, and optionally to determine other features, in particular to calculate, the pressure curve analysis device 7 is alternatively or additionally preferably designed to a Knock detection and / or a cylinder failure detection for the cylinder pressure module 1 associated cylinder of the internal combustion engine 3 perform. The cylinder pressure module 1 furthermore has a network device 9, which is set up to connect the cylinder pressure module 1 to a control unit 11 of the internal combustion engine 3, wherein the network device 9 is additionally set up here for connecting the

Cylinder pressure module 1 with at least one further, not shown in Figure 1

Cylinder pressure module. The control unit 11 is preferably set up as a central engine control unit (ECU).

The network device 9 preferably has an interface 13 for connection to the control unit 11 and preferably with at least one further cylinder pressure module. In this case, the interface 13 is preferably set up for connection to a communication line 15, which may in particular have a standardized data bus. About the

Communication line 15, the cylinder pressure module 1 preferably by the control unit 1 1 with a supply voltage 17 and provided for the time and / or angle-dependent detection of the combustion chamber pressure, generalized time signal 19, which may be in particular an angle signal, preferably a crank angle or a

Cam angle represents or transmitted, supplied. Continue to swap

Cylinder pressure module 1 and the controller 11 via the communication line 15 data 21 off. The cylinder pressure module 1 has a housing 23, in which at least the

Pressure course analysis device 7, the pressure detection device 5 and the

Network device 9 - in particular compact - are arranged. With the housing 23, the cylinder pressure module 1 on the cylinder, and in particular on the cylinder head of

Internal combustion engine 3, can be arranged, in particular fastened.

The pressure detection device 5 has a pressure signal interface 25 to a pressure sensor 27, which is adapted to detect the combustion chamber pressure in the cylinder, which is assigned to the cylinder pressure module 1. The pressure sensor 27 is designed as a cylinder pressure sensor. It is also possible that the electronics of the pressure sensor 27 in the

Cylinder pressure module 1 is integrated, wherein the pressure sensor 27 may be formed in this case as a simple pressure measuring cell.

The data course analysis device 7 is preferably set up to analyze the time-dependent and / or angle-dependent detected combustion chamber pressure over an entire cycle of the associated Cylinder. Alternatively, however, other measurement and / or evaluation windows can also be selected. Of course, the pressure detecting device 5 is also configured to detect the combustion chamber pressure over the entire working cycle of the associated cylinder. The network device 9 is set up to assign the cylinder printing module 1 its own address. In this case, the cylinder pressure module 1 is in particular configured to detect the position of the associated cylinder within a firing order of the internal combustion engine 3, wherein it is further configured to automatically assign a node number depending on this position of the cylinder.

It turns out that the cylinder pressure module 1 can be made very compact and can be arranged with little space on the cylinder head. Since via the network device 9, a parameterization of the cylinder pressure module 1 can be made to the specific parameters of the internal combustion engine 3 of the control unit 11 via the communication line 15, the

Cylinder pressure module 1 for all cylinders of all internal combustion engines at least one series and / or a total of all internal combustion engines of a type or manufacturer, or an even larger selection of internal combustion engines to be identical. It is thus a simple exchange of the cylinder pressure module 1 without external parameterization possible. In particular, when the pressure sensor 27 is connected via the pressure signal interface 25 with the cylinder pressure module 1, an exchange of the pressure sensor 27 is readily possible, in which case it requires no recalibration of the cylinder pressure module 1. Rather, a standardized pressure signal interface 25 is preferably used, which - regardless of the specific choice of the pressure sensor 27 - receives standardized signals from the pressure sensor 27.

By means of the pressure detection device 5 and the pressure curve analysis device 7, a decentralized calculation of essential data for the operation of the internal combustion engine 3 can take place, in particular for each cylinder separately. This leads to a reduction in the number of

Control devices in the internal combustion engine 3 and to reduce the wiring. Furthermore, each cylinder pressure module 1 can use its entire computing power available for evaluating the data of the cylinder assigned to it, so that detection and evaluation of a combustion chamber pressure over an entire working cycle of the associated cylinder, in particular over 720 ° CA, is readily possible. The cylinder pressure module 1 preferably has an analysis interface 29, in particular analogous, which is set up to connect a peripheral analyzer 3 1 to the cylinder pressure module 1. The peripheral analyzer 31 is preferably an indexing system - in particular on a test bench - and / or one

Oscilloscope, in particular a handheld oscilloscope, as it is used by service employees in the field of application of the internal combustion engine 3. It is possible, the peripheral analyzer 31 simultaneously with the controller 11 and / or with others

Cylinder pressure modules 1 to connect to the cylinder pressure module 1, and so parallel to a normal operation of the internal combustion engine 3 perform an analysis with the peripheral analyzer 31, for example by means of an indexing system or a handheld oscilloscope. Thus, it is possible on the test bench to save expensive test bench sensors, because on the contrary, directly further cylinder pressure module 1 can be used. In the field of application, a service employee can quickly find out about the conditions in the cylinders by connecting an oscilloscope to the analysis interface 29, wherein this can be done in parallel to a normal operation of the internal combustion engine 3.

2 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of the internal combustion engine 3 which has at least one cylinder, in this case preferably at least two cylinders, in which case three cylinders 33, 33 ', 33 "are shown concretely schematically. The internal combustion engine 3 is preferably designed as a reciprocating piston engine.

Each of the cylinders 33, 33 ', 33 "is associated with a separate cylinder pressure module 1, wherein the cylinder pressure modules 1 by means of their network devices not shown here. 9

with each other and with the control unit 11, in particular via the communication line 15, z u connected to a network.

The same and functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals, so that reference is made to the preceding description.

Shown schematically here are also a crankshaft 35 and a camshaft 37, wherein the internal combustion engine 3 has a crankshaft sensor 39 for detecting a crank angle and a camshaft sensor 41 for detecting a cam angle. The detected crank angle and the detected cam angle are registered in the controller 11, wherein Preferably, the crank angle is forwarded via the communication line 15 to the cylinder modules 1. These then detect the combustion chamber pressure in the cylinders 33, 33 ', 33 "as a function of the crank angle, in particular when a defect in the detection of the crank angle, in particular a defect of the crankshaft sensor 39, should occur Forwarding of the cam angle via the communication line 15 to the

Cylinder pressure modules 1, so that it can then be switched to a cam angle-dependent detection of the combustion chamber pressure. But it is also possible that the control unit 11 the

Cam angle converted into a crank angle, and then this over the

Communication line 15 transmitted to the cylinder pressure modules 1.

It can also be seen that the control device 11 here also controls injectors 43 in order to introduce defined amounts of fuel into the combustion chambers of the cylinders 33, 33 ', 33 "at defined times.

The cylinder pressure modules 1 are preferably identical. It is readily possible to use an identical cylinder pressure module 1 for each of the cylinders 33, 33 ', 33 ", whereby they form a network via the communication line 15. Initially, upon initial activation, they also have an identical address, from Control unit 1 1 initially basic parameters of the internal combustion engine 3 are transmitted to all cylinder pressure modules 1. The cylinder pressure modules 1 are therefore not pre-parameterized, but after their installation and their connection to the communication line 15 and after a startup of the controller 11, but preferably before the start of the Internal combustion engine 3 is automatically parameterized by the control unit 11. It can therefore be used for a large number of different internal combustion engines 3. The initially common address ensures that initially all the cylinder pressure modules 1 have the same parameters

Controller 11 received received. The cylinder pressure modules 1 then automatically recognize a position of the cylinders 33, 33 ', 33 "assigned to them in a firing order of the internal combustion engine 3, and point

according to an address in a network, which they together and with the

Form control unit 11. The address in the network depends on the location of the assigned cylinder 33, 33 ', 33 "in the firing order of the internal combustion engine 3. In particular, the ignition modules 1 are doing a corresponding node number.

The cylinder pressure modules 1 are also preferably set up to store at least one cylinder-specific characteristic value of the cylinders 33, 33 ', 33 "assigned to them in a non-volatile memory, showing that information about the cylinders 33, 33' is available even in the event of failure of the control device 11. , 33 "remain, for example, information about their aging, a maximum peak pressure, an indicated mean pressure, a knock intensity, a peak pressure gradient and / or a number of load changes.

It also appears that with the aid of the cylinder pressure modules 1, it is practically possible to provide a construction kit for internal combustion engines 3, wherein the cylinder pressure modules 1 are uniform for all internal combustion engines that can be realized with the modular system. This significantly reduces the logistical costs associated with the internal combustion engines 3. In addition, all cylinder pressure modules 1 may have a single software, which is the same for all types of internal combustion engines 3. In addition, the cylinder printing modules 1 require only a single item number.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a method for

Operation of the internal combustion engine 3. The same and functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals, so that reference is made to the preceding description. In FIG. 3, on the left, two time axes-indicated by a time parameter t-are drawn, namely a left time axis for the control unit 11 and a right time axis for the cylinder pressure modules 1 of the internal combustion engine 3. In the center of the image, time and / or are parallel to the time axes recorded angle-dependent pressure curves for here exemplary four cylinders of the internal combustion engine 3, which are designated by AI, A2, A3 and A4. The by the cylinders AI, A2, A3, A4 associated cylinder pressure modules. 1

or the correspondingly assigned pressure sensors 27 detected

Pressure curves are similar to DA1, DA2, DA3 and DA4

characterized. In this case, the pressure curve DA1 for the first cylinder AI

shown in solid lines, the pressure curve DA2 for the second cylinder A2 is shown dotted, the third pressure curve DA3 for the third cylinder A3 is shown in dashed lines, and the fourth pressure curve DA4 for the fourth cylinder dash-dotted lines shown. The pressure curve curves are plotted against the crank angle in ° KW as a generalized time parameter.

The following is now apparent: When starting up the control unit 11 and preferably before starting the internal combustion engine 3, it is preferably first checked whether at least one new cylinder pressure module 1 is present, to which no separate address or node number has yet been assigned. In particular, at a first start of the internal combustion engine 3 with new cylinder pressure modules 1, these initially all have the same address. In this case, at least one of the internal combustion engine 3 will be provided by the control unit 11 at first

characteristic parameter to all cylinder pressure modules 1 transmitted, which is shown here by an arrow Pi. The parameter is preferably selected from a group consisting of a piston diameter, a piston stroke, a connecting rod length, a

Compression ratio, a Polytropenexponenten, a crankshaft gap to the top dead center of the first cylinder AI, a scale of the cylinder pressure sensors 27, a tliermodynamischen loss angle for determining a top dead center, a starting value and / or a final value for a measuring window for detecting the combustion chamber pressure, a

Resolution and / or a sampling frequency for detecting the combustion chamber pressure, an indication to be converted sales points, a limit and / or limit monitoring, from which / which certain functions to be triggered, and an ignition table for determining the ignition position of the associated cylinder and assigning a separate address, in particular a separate node number. Preferably, a plurality of these parameters - in particular all these parameters - are transmitted to the cylinder pressure modules 1. All cylinder pressure modules 1 calculate once from the above values in particular a cylinder volume and a stroke volume for their associated cylinder.

Thereafter, a starter of the engine 3 is operated, and this is started. As a result, the cylinder pressure modules 1 detect the pressure profiles in the cylinders assigned to them by means of the pressure sensors 27 and calculate a pressure profile analysis. In this case, for example, the cylinder pressure module 1 of the first cylinder AI detects a maximum pressure at a time t _A i, at the same time receiving the instantaneous crank angle by the control unit 11. Based on the ignition table, the cylinder pressure module 1 can then determine the position of its associated cylinder AI in the firing order, and a corresponding

Assign node number. Accordingly, the cylinder pressure module 1 associated with the third cylinder A3 detects a maximum pressure at a time tA ₃ and has a node number on the basis of the ignition table. In a completely analogous manner, this also applies to the cylinder pressure module 1 assigned to the fourth cylinder A4 at a time ΪΑ ₄ and to the cylinder pressure module assigned to the second cylinder A2 at a time tA2.

It is given here a firing order, in which the first cylinder AI has its top dead center in the power stroke at the position 0 ° CA, wherein second, the third cylinder A3 has its corresponding top dead center at the position 180 ° KW, with the third as the fourth Cylinder A4 has its corresponding top dead center at the position 360 ° CA, and finally, finally, the second cylinder A2 has its corresponding top dead center at the position 540 ° CA last.

Schematically shown here by arrows P ₂ that the cylinder pressure modules their

Node numbers and preferably other data, in particular the evaluation of the detected pressure profiles, to the controller 11 transmit.

The cylinder pressure modules 1 together with the control unit 11 here form an auto-adaptive system which is suitable for automated parameter transmission and node assignment.

The procedure shown in Figure 3 for determining the separate addresses or

Node numbers for the cylinder printing modules 1 is preferably carried out only once initially, wherein the cylinder printing modules 1 then firmly retain their node numbers and also the initial transmitted parameters. When restarting the internal combustion engine 3 is preferably checked via a test number, if changes have occurred, for example, if at least one of the cylinder pressure modules 1 has been exchanged. If it is determined that no change has taken place, it requires no retransmission of parameters and no new determination of a position in the firing order and assignment of a new

Node number. Only if it is determined that a change has occurred, for example by replacing at least one of the cylinder pressure modules 1, is the procedure shown in FIG. 3 preferably repeated. However, in the case of an exchange of only one cylinder pressure module 1, it is also possible for the control unit 11 to detect the presence of the remaining cylinder pressure modules 1 and to assign the remaining node number based on this determination to the exchanged, new cylinder pressure module 1. Overall, it is shown that with the help of the cylinder pressure modules 1 a simple, cheap and very accurate possibility for combustion chamber pressure detection and pressure profile analysis for the internal combustion engine 3 is given.

Claims

1. Cylinder pressure module (1) for a Brennkrafrmaschine (3), wherein

- The cylinder pressure module (1) is arranged for arrangement in the region of a cylinder pressure module (1) associated with the cylinder (33,33 ', 33 ") one

Internal combustion engine (3), with

- A pressure detection device (5), set up for time and / or

angle-dependent detection of a combustion chamber pressure in the associated cylinder (33, 33 ', 33 "),

- A pressure curve analysis device (7), adapted for the analysis of the detected combustion chamber pressure, and with

- a network device (9), set up to connect the

Cylinder pressure module (1) with a control unit (11) of an internal combustion engine (3) and / or with a further cylinder pressure module (1).

2. Cylinder pressure module (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the

Pressure detection device (5) has a pressure signal interface (25) to a pressure sensor (27), and / or in the cylinder pressure module (1) integrated pressure sensor electronics (27).

3. Cylinder pressure module (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

in that the pressure-course analysis device (7) is set up to analyze the combustion chamber pressure, which is recorded as a function of time and / or angle, over a whole

Working cycle of the associated cylinder (33, 33 ', 33 ").

4. Cylinder pressure module (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

in that the network device (9) is set up to assign its own address for the cylinder pressure module (1).

5. Cylinder pressure module (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the cylinder pressure module (1) has an analysis interface which is set up for connecting a peripheral analyzer (31). Internal combustion engine (3) with at least one cylinder (33, 33 ', 33 "), wherein each cylinder (33, 33', 33") is assigned a cylinder pressure module (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the at least one cylinder pressure module (1) by means of the network device (9) with a control unit (11) of the internal combustion engine (3) is preferably provided that the cylinder pressure modules (1) by means of the network device (9) are additionally interconnected when the internal combustion engine (3 ) has more than one cylinder (33, 33 ', 33 ").

Internal combustion engine (3) according to claim 6, characterized in that the at least one cylinder pressure module (1) and the control unit (11), and preferably the plurality of cylinder pressure modules (1) with each other, via a communication line (15) are connected.

Method for operating an internal combustion engine (3), in particular a

Internal combustion engine (3) according to one of claims 6 and 7, wherein the internal combustion engine has at least one cylinder, wherein each cylinder (33,33 ', 33 ") a

Cylinder pressure module (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5 is assigned, wherein the at least one cylinder pressure module (1) by means of the network device (9) with a control unit (11) of the internal combustion engine (3) is connected, wherein by at least one cylinder pressure module (1 ) a combustion chamber pressure in the associated cylinder (33,33 ', 33 ") is detected and analyzed, wherein data, parameters and / or characteristic values between the at least one cylinder pressure module (1) and the control unit (11) of the internal combustion engine (3) are exchanged , wherein it is preferably provided that the cylinder pressure modules (1) by means of the network device (9) are additionally connected to each other when the internal combustion engine (3) has more than one cylinder (33,33 ', 33 ").

A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the internal combustion engine (1) at least two cylinders (33,33 ', 33 "), wherein the cylinder pressure modules (1) from the control unit (11) at least one parameter is transmitted, which for the

Internal combustion engine (3) is characteristic, wherein the cylinder pressure modules (1) automatically perform a recognition of a position of their associated cylinder (33,33 ', 33 ") in a firing order of the internal combustion engine (3) and an address depending on the detected position to assign.

10. The method according to any one of claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the at least one cylinder pressure module (1) stores at least one individual cylinder characteristic value in a non-volatile memory.