WO2016119901A1 - Procédé et appareil pour la formation de faisceaux virtuelle - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour la formation de faisceaux virtuelle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016119901A1
WO2016119901A1 PCT/EP2015/052007 EP2015052007W WO2016119901A1 WO 2016119901 A1 WO2016119901 A1 WO 2016119901A1 EP 2015052007 W EP2015052007 W EP 2015052007W WO 2016119901 A1 WO2016119901 A1 WO 2016119901A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
user equipment
antennas
data symbol
virtual
transmitted
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2015/052007
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Zirwas
Original Assignee
Nokia Solutions And Networks Management International Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nokia Solutions And Networks Management International Gmbh filed Critical Nokia Solutions And Networks Management International Gmbh
Priority to PCT/EP2015/052007 priority Critical patent/WO2016119901A1/fr
Publication of WO2016119901A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016119901A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
    • H04B1/7097—Interference-related aspects
    • H04B1/7103—Interference-related aspects the interference being multiple access interference
    • H04B1/7105—Joint detection techniques, e.g. linear detectors

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a method, apparatus and system and in particular but not exclusively, virtual
  • a communication system can be seen as a facility that enables communication sessions between two or more entities such as user terminals, base stations and/or other nodes by providing carriers between the various entities involved in the
  • a communication system can be provided for example by means of a communication network and one or more compatible communication devices.
  • the communications may comprise, for example, communication of data for carrying communications such as voice, electronic mail (email) , text message, multimedia and/or content data and so on.
  • Non- limiting examples of services provided include two-way or multi-way calls, data communication or multimedia services and access to a data network system, such as the Internet.
  • wireless systems include public land mobile networks (PLMN) , satellite based communication systems and different wireless local networks, for example wireless local area networks (WLAN) .
  • PLMN public land mobile networks
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • the wireless systems can typically be divided into cells, and are therefore often referred to as cellular systems.
  • a user can access the communication system by means of an appropriate communication device or terminal.
  • a communication device of a user is often referred to as user equipment (UE) .
  • UE user equipment
  • a communication device is provided with an appropriate signal receiving and transmitting apparatus for enabling
  • the communication device may access a carrier provided by a station, for example a base station of a cell, and transmit and/or receive communications on the carrier.
  • the communication system and associated devices typically operate in accordance with a given standard or specification which sets out what the various entities associated with the system are permitted to do and how that should be achieved. Communication protocols and/or parameters which shall be used for the connection are also typically defined. Summary
  • a method comprising causing a data symbol to be transmitted N times at a time interval of nT sh ift to a user equipment to form a transmission beam, wherein N is the number of virtual antennas at the user equipment .
  • Tghift may be dependent on at least one user equipment
  • the method may comprise causing said data symbol to be transmitted using grid of beams beamforming.
  • the user equipment may comprise a plurality of physical antennas, and the effective number of antennas at the user equipment may be determined by the number of virtual antennas N multiplied by the number of physical antennas at the user equipment.
  • the method may comprise causing a plurality of multi-coded streams per beam to be transmitted.
  • the streams may be rotationally coded.
  • the method may comprise performing spatial multiplexing for the user equipment.
  • the method may comprise causing the data symbol to be
  • a method comprising receiving a data symbol N times at a time interval of nTghift at a user equipment in the form of a transmission beam, wherein N is the number of virtual antennas at the user equipment .
  • Shift may be dependent on at least one user equipment
  • the user equipment may comprise a plurality of physical antennas, and the effective number of overall antennas user equipment may be determined by the number of virtual antennas N multiplied by the number of physical antennas at the user equipment.
  • the method may comprise receiving a plurality of multi-coded streams per beam.
  • the streams may be rotationally coded.
  • the method may comprise receiving the data symbol in a resource block, said block having a time duration of T sh i ft
  • the method may comprise receiving the data symbol from a multiple input multiple output transmitter.
  • an apparatus comprising means for causing a data symbol to be transmitted N times at a time interval of nT shift to a user equipment to form a transmission beam, wherein N is the number of virtual antennas at the user equipment.
  • Shif t may be dependent on at least one user equipment
  • the apparatus may comprise means for causing said data symbol to be transmitted using grid of beams beamforming.
  • the user equipment may comprise a plurality of physical antennas, and the effective number of antennas at the user equipment may be determined by the number of virtual antennas N multiplied by the number of physical antennas at the user equipment .
  • the apparatus may comprise means for causing a plurality of multi-coded streams per beam to be transmitted.
  • the streams may be rotationally coded.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for performing spatial multiplexing for the user equipment.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for causing the data symbol to be transmitted in a resource block, said block having a time duration of T shift .
  • the apparatus may comprise means for causing the data symbol to be transmitted from a multiple input multiple output transmitter.
  • an apparatus comprising means for receiving a data symbol N times at a time interval of nT sh if t at a user equipment in the form of a transmission beam, wherein N is the number of virtual antennas at the user equipment. Shif t may be dependent on at least one user equipment
  • the user equipment may comprise a plurality of physical antennas, and the effective number of overall antennas at the user equipment may be determined by the number of virtual antennas N multiplied by the number of physical antennas at the user equipment.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for receiving a plurality of multi-coded streams per beam.
  • the streams may be rotationally coded.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for receiving the data symbol in a resource block, said block having a time duration
  • the apparatus may comprise means for receiving the data symbol from a multiple input multiple output transmitter.
  • an apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory including a computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to:
  • N is the number of virtual antennas at the user equipment .
  • Tghift may be dependent on at least one user equipment
  • the apparatus may be configured to cause said data symbol to be transmitted using grid of beams beamforming.
  • the user equipment may comprise a plurality of physical antennas, and the effective number of antennas at the user equipment may be determined by the number of virtual antennas N multiplied by the number of physical antennas at the user equipment .
  • the apparatus may be configured to cause a plurality of multi-coded streams per beam to be transmitted.
  • the streams may be rotationally coded.
  • the apparatus may be configured to perform spatial
  • the apparatus may be configured to cause the data symbol to be transmitted in a resource block, said block having a time duration of T shift .
  • an apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory including a computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to:
  • Shif t may be dependent on at least one user equipment
  • the user equipment may comprise a plurality of physical antennas, and the effective number of overall antennas at the user equipment may be determined by the number of virtual antennas N multiplied by the number of physical antennas at the user equipment.
  • the apparatus may be configured to receive a plurality of multi-coded streams per beam. The streams may be rotationally coded.
  • the apparatus may be configured to receive the data symbol in a resource block, said block having a time duration of T sh i ft
  • the apparatus may be configured to receive the data symbol from a multiple input multiple output transmitter.
  • a computer program embodied on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program code for controlling a process to execute a process, the process comprising: causing a data symbol to be transmitted N times at a time interval of nT sh if t to a user equipment to form a transmission beam, wherein N is the number of virtual
  • Shif t may be dependent on at least one user equipment
  • the process may comprise causing said data symbol to be transmitted using grid of beams beamforming.
  • the user equipment may comprise a plurality of physical antennas, and the effective number of antennas at the user equipment may be determined by the number of virtual antennas N multiplied by the number of physical antennas at the user equipment .
  • the process may comprise causing a plurality of multi-coded streams per beam to be transmitted.
  • the streams may be rotationally coded.
  • the process may comprise performing spatial multiplexing for the user equipment.
  • the process may comprise causing the data symbol to be transmitted in a resource block, said block having a time duration of T shift .
  • a computer program embodied on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program code for controlling a process to execute a process, the process comprising: receiving a data symbol N times at a time
  • the user equipment may comprise a plurality of physical antennas, and the effective number of overall antennas at the user equipment may be determined by the number of virtual antennas N multiplied by the number of physical antennas at the user equipment.
  • the process may comprise receiving a plurality of multi-coded streams per beam. The streams may be rotationally coded.
  • the process may comprise receiving the data symbol in a resource block, said block having a time duration of T sh i ft
  • the process may comprise receiving the data symbol from a multiple input multiple output transmitter.
  • a computer program product for a computer comprising software code portions for performing the steps of any one of the first and second aspects when said product is run on the computer.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of an example communication system comprising a base station and a plurality of communication devices
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram, of an example mobile communication device
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system with an eNB and a UE moving along a straight line
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of an example communication system with an eNB and a UE moving along a straight line
  • Figure 5 shows simulation results of the normalised means square error over different prediction horizons
  • Figure 6 shows a simplified representation of virtual beamforming
  • Figure 7 shows CIR (amplitude) of SISO (single input ingle output) channel (top) and beamformed channel (bottom)
  • Figure 8a shows a flowchart of an example method of virtual beamforming for data transmission] ;
  • Figure 8b shows a flowchart of an example method of virtual beamforming for data transmission
  • Figure 9 shows a simplified representation of virtual beamforming on user data
  • Figure 10 shows a simplified representation of blockwise data transmission
  • Figure 11 shows a simplified representation of virtual beamforming on user data to a UE with a number of physical antennas ;
  • Figure 12 shows minimum crosstalk over 20MHz frequency bandwidth
  • Figure 13 shows CDF code crosstalk between code 1 and code 2 for 16 virtual antenna elements
  • Figure 14 shows an example control apparatus
  • Figure 15 shows a schematic diagram of an example apparatus
  • Figure 16 shows a schematic diagram of an example apparatus.
  • mobile communication devices or user equipment (UE) 102, 104, 105 are provided wireless access via at least one base station or similar wireless transmitting and/or
  • Base stations are typically controlled by at least one appropriate controller apparatus, so as to enable operation thereof and management of mobile communication devices in communication with the base
  • the controller apparatus may be located in a radio access network (e.g. wireless communication system 100) or in a core network (not shown) and may be implemented as one central apparatus or its functionality may be distributed over several apparatus.
  • the controller apparatus may be part of the base station and/or provided by a separate entity such as a Radio Network Controller.
  • control apparatus 108 and 109 are shown to control the respective macro level base stations 106 and 107.
  • the control apparatus of a base station can be interconnected with other control entities.
  • the control apparatus is typically provided with memory capacity and at least one data processor.
  • the control apparatus and functions may be distributed between a
  • control apparatus may additionally or alternatively be provided in a radio network controller.
  • LTE systems may however be considered to have a so-called "flat" architecture, without the provision of RNCs; rather the (e)NB is in communication with a system architecture evolution gateway (SAE-GW) and a mobility management entity (MME) , which entities may also be pooled meaning that a plurality of these nodes may serve a plurality (set) of (e)NBs.
  • SAE-GW is a "high-level" user plane core network element in LTE, which may consist of the S-GW and the P-GW (serving gateway and packet data network gateway, respectively) .
  • base stations 106 and 107 are shown as connected to a wider communications network 113 via gateway 112.
  • a further gateway function may be provided to connect to another network.
  • the smaller base stations 116, 118 and 120 may also be connected to the network 113, for example by a separate gateway function and/or via the controllers of the macro level stations.
  • the base stations 116, 118 and 120 may be pico or femto level base stations or the like. In the
  • stations 116 and 118 are connected via a gateway 111 whilst station 120 connects via the controller apparatus 108.
  • the smaller stations may not be
  • a communication device 200 Such a communication device is often referred to as user equipment (UE) or terminal.
  • UE user equipment
  • Non-limiting examples include a mobile station (MS) or mobile device such as a mobile phone or what is known as a 'smart phone', a computer provided with a wireless interface card or other wireless interface facility (e.g., USB dongle) , personal data
  • MS mobile station
  • mobile device such as a mobile phone or what is known as a 'smart phone'
  • a computer provided with a wireless interface card or other wireless interface facility (e.g., USB dongle)
  • personal data e.g., personal data
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • a tablet provided with wireless
  • a mobile communication device may provide, for example, communication of data for carrying communications such as voice, electronic mail (email) , text message,
  • Non-limiting examples of these services include two-way or multi- way calls, data communication or multimedia services or simply an access to a data communications network system, such as the Internet. Users may also be provided broadcast or multicast data.
  • Non-limiting examples of the content include downloads, television and radio programs, videos,
  • the mobile device 200 may receive signals over an air or radio interface 207 via appropriate apparatus for receiving and may transmit signals via appropriate apparatus for transmitting radio signals.
  • transceiver apparatus is designated schematically by block 206.
  • the transceiver apparatus 206 may be provided for example by means of a radio part and associated antenna arrangement.
  • a wireless communication device can be provided with a Multiple Input / Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna system.
  • MIMO systems use multiple antennas at the transmitter and receiver along with digital signal processing to improve link quality and capacity.
  • multiple antennas can be provided, for example at base stations and mobile stations, and the transceiver apparatus 206 of Figure 2 can provide a plurality of antenna ports.
  • a station may comprise an array of multiple antennas. Signalling and muting patterns can be associated with transmitter antenna numbers or receiver port numbers of MIMO arrangements.
  • a mobile device is typically provided with at least one data processing entity 201, at least one memory 202 and other possible components 203 for use in software and hardware aided execution of tasks it is designed to perform, including control of access to and communications with access systems and other communication devices.
  • the data processing, storage and other relevant control apparatus can be provided on an appropriate circuit board and/or in chipsets. This feature is denoted by reference 204.
  • the user may control the operation of the mobile device by means of a suitable user interface such as key pad 205, voice commands, touch sensitive screen or pad, combinations thereof or the like.
  • a display 208, a speaker and a microphone can be also provided.
  • a mobile communication device may comprise appropriate
  • connectors either wired or wireless to other devices and/or for connecting external accessories, for example hands-free equipment, thereto.
  • the communication devices 102, 104, 105 may access the communication system based on various access techniques, such as code division multiple access (CDMA) , or wideband CDMA (WCDMA) .
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • WCDMA wideband CDMA
  • Other non-limiting examples comprise time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) and various schemes thereof such as the interleaved frequency division multiple access (IFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) and orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) , space division multiple access (SDMA) and so on.
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • IFDMA interleaved frequency division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • SDMA space division multiple access
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • LTE-A LTE Advanced
  • E-UTRAN Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network
  • Base stations of such systems are known as evolved or
  • eNBs enhanced Node Bs
  • eNBs provide E-UTRAN features such as user plane Radio Link Control/Medium Access Control/Physical layer protocol (RLC/MAC/PHY) and control plane Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol terminations towards the communication devices.
  • RLC/MAC/PHY Radio Link Control/Medium Access Control/Physical layer protocol
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • Other examples of radio access system include those provided by base stations of systems that are based on technologies such as wireless local area network (WLAN) and/or WiMax (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave
  • a base station can provide coverage for an entire cell or similar radio service area.
  • Massive MIMO and coordinated multi point (CoMP) are expected to be one of the ingredients of a 5G system and results promise large gains, but also indicate that accurate channel
  • Figure 3 depicts a scenario used in an analysis, in which one eNB at about 32m height is provided and one UE is moved along a straight line over 51 locations in steps of 1cm are
  • This scenario is investigated twice i) by ray tracing and ii) by measurements.
  • Tx antenna For the measurements only one Tx antenna is available, while for raytracing additionally a 16 element uniform linear array (ULA) can be used .
  • ULA uniform linear array
  • Figure 4 further illustrates a basic intended concept being investigated, the so called grid of beam (GoB) concept, which uses a 16 (or more) antenna element ULA for forming a set of fixed beams .
  • GoB grid of beam
  • the UE measures and stores for each location the channel state information (CSI) .
  • CSI channel state information
  • Figure 5 shows some simulation results of the normalized mean square error (NMSE) over different prediction horizons with and without virtual beamforming and with and without the GoB precoding. Where possible the ray tracing results are
  • NMSE channel prediction error
  • Figure 6 shows a simplified visualisation of virtual
  • Virtual beamforming requires re-transmission of the same reference or data symbol for N time instances, where N is the number of virtual antenna elements.
  • N is the number of virtual antenna elements.
  • the UE data rate will go down by a factor of N in case of N virtual antenna elements.
  • 32 antenna elements means a reduction by a factor of 32, which may not be compensated by in higher spectral efficiency or overall capacity.
  • Figure 8a shows a flow chart of an example method of virtual beamforming for user data transmission.
  • the method comprises causing a data symbol to be transmitted N times at a time interval of nT sh i ft to a user equipment to form a transmission beam, wherein N is the number of virtual antennas at the user equipment .
  • Figure 8b shows a flowchart of a method of virtual
  • the method comprises receiving a data symbol N times at a time interval of nT sh if t at a user equipment in the form of a transmission beam, wherein N is the number of virtual antennas at the user equipment .
  • the data symbol may be caused to be transmitted (or received) from a multiple input multiple output device or a single antenna devices, such as, for example, from small cell devices or, in case of CoMP from many single antenna eNBs.
  • the basis for the method is the retransmission of the same data signal over several time instants suitably aligned with the user movement.
  • a particular data symbol is transmitted N times with a certain time delay of n times Tshift, which may depend on the UE mobility and the intended beamforming pattern.
  • the beam may be caused to be transmitted using beamforming, for example GOB beamforming.
  • the shaded beam at eNB retransmits the same data symbol N times and with a time delay of n x Tshift.
  • N is number of virtual antenna elements and Tshift is adapted to mobile speed and intended spatial distance between virtual antenna elements.
  • the virtual beamforming may be done blockwise and the size of the blocks may be adapted so that one block has exactly the time duration of Tshift. For low load conditions this mode may be useful, but resource usage may be inefficient. For example a 32 element array will have a l/32th lower symbol rate compared to a conventional transmission. Note, this symbol rate ignores potentially higher data rates due to better interference suppression and better SNR due to virtual beamforming.
  • One way of keeping the virtual beamforming gains together with higher resource usage would be to serve more users simultaneously by more multi user (MU) MIMO spatial
  • Figure 11 illustrates an embodiment in which a UE has a plurality of physical antennas.
  • a UE has for example, 4 Rx antennas per UE .
  • the number of antennas may be any suitable number of antennas.
  • a data symbol is thus transmitted four times with four time shifts and at each time instance it is being received by four spatially separated physical antennas.
  • this may require a further adaptation of the transmit timing to the mobile speed and the physical antenna distances to get a regular uniform linear array.
  • An ULA with irregular grid might be, but the UE beamformer should know the resulting physical locations of the real and the virtual antennas so that it can form narrow beams.
  • multiple stream transmission per UE is provided. Similar as for MU-MIMO this is possible as long as there are sufficient number of Tx antennas available.
  • the number of data streams may become large.
  • ten or more UEs might be served, i.e. in case of four spatial streams per UE this would result overall in 40 data streams simultaneously on air per cell.
  • Any code with low inter code interference and simultaneously suitable beamforming characteristics, such as, for example rotationary codes, may be a suitable code.
  • the UE may estimate the CSI for all virtual antenna elements based on the regularly transmitted CSI reference symbols (RSs) , but the eNB knows only the effective virtually
  • Inter code crosstalk varies between very low and very high values for different virtual beams and different PRBs .
  • the solution has been to select suitable beams per PRB with lowest inter code crosstalk at UE side. Fortunately the crosstalk is also relative slowly varying for certain beams and certain PRBs so that an according semi static adaptation is possible.
  • Code design may be important as mentioned above as
  • Rotational codes may lead to smooth effective channel evolution and simultaneously to code crosstalk below -20dB.
  • Virtual beamforming may be used to counteract rotations of the user device.
  • rotational sensors can provide according information about the user device movement and the virtual beam is then rotated into the opposite direction.
  • the virtual beam may be rotated step wise, for example, over angles of few to several tens of degrees.
  • a single step solution providing virtual beamforming gains for user data transmission together with full resource usage is complex.
  • a combination of the above described solutions i.e. a plurality of physical antennas with a plurality of virtual antennas leads to an effectively larger virtual antenna array, e.g. for four physical antennas and four virtual antennas an effective 16 element virtual array may be realised.
  • the benefit of large UE antenna arrays with a single to few physical UE antennas may be achieved.
  • Per UE two spatial streams may be transmitted with two rotational codes each. That way, the same resource usage as for a system with 16 physical antennas may be achieved. Using only two codes a low inter code crosstalk can be maintained while the number of spatial streams on air may is still limited, i.e. only increased by factor less than two.
  • the overall benefits may be, amongst others, a large
  • the method may achieve high virtual beamforming gains for user data transmission in combination with effective resource usage in terms of number of transmitted symbols per resource element.
  • High number of physical as well as virtual antennas may allow for strong beamforming gains, which reduces the number of relevant multi path components (MPC) per channel component. That way prediction horizon for channel prediction increases significantly.
  • Beamforming at UE side may be powerful - and even more powerful than on eNB side -as the angle of arrival (AoA) spread is typically very large, i.e. UEs receive in non-line- of-sight (NLOS) conditions multi path components from almost all directions from close by reflectors. In such scenarios narrow beams provide significant MPC reduction.
  • AoA angle of arrival
  • the block size may be harmonised.
  • the time intervals for virtual beamforming may be harmonised.
  • the number of physical antennas and/or information about their relative location may be useful to adapt the virtual beamforming scheme accordingly. Reporting of sensor data like rotations and accelerators may be helpful as well.
  • Selection of used beams per UE may include criteria like beam directions with no or only weak MPCs of moving objects as well as very low diffuse scattering, as these effects may be relatively difficult to predoct. Note this is assumed to be one of the main reasons for significantly shorter prediction horizons in real world radio channels compared to artificial ones. Minimizing these effects should close the gap between channel prediction for real world and artificial radio channels.
  • FIG 14 shows an example of a control apparatus for a communication system, for example to be coupled to and/or for controlling a station of an access system, such as a base station or (e) node B, or a server or host.
  • base stations comprise a separate apparatus unit or module.
  • the control apparatus can be another network element such as a radio network controller or a spectrum controller.
  • each base station may have such a control apparatus as well as a control apparatus being provided in a radio network controller.
  • the control apparatus 300 can be arranged to provide control on communications in the service area of the system.
  • the control apparatus 300 comprises at least one memory 301, at least one data processing unit 302, 303 and an input/output interface 304. Via the interface the control apparatus can be coupled to a receiver and a transmitter of the base station.
  • the receiver and/or the transmitter may be implemented as a radio front end or a remote radio head.
  • the control apparatus 300 can be configured to execute an appropriate software code to provide the control functions.
  • Control functions may include at least causing a data symbol to be transmitted N times at a time interval of nT sh if t to a user equipment to form a transmission beam, wherein N is the number of virtual antennas at the user equipment.
  • control functions may comprise receiving a data symbol N times at a time interval of nT sh if t at a user equipment in the form of a transmission beam, wherein N is the number of virtual antennas at the user equipment.
  • An example of an apparatus 1500 is shown in figure 15 and comprises means 1510 for causing a data symbol to be transmitted N times at a time interval of nT shift to a user equipment to form a transmission beam, wherein N is the number of virtual antennas at the user equipment.
  • An example of an apparatus 1600 is shown in figure 16 and comprises means 1610 for receiving a data symbol N times at a time interval of nT sh if t at a user equipment in the form of a transmission beam, wherein N is the number of virtual antennas at the user equipment.
  • the various embodiments may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects of the invention may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device, although the invention is not limited thereto. While various aspects of the invention may be illustrated and described as block diagrams, flow charts, or using some other pictorial representation, it is well understood that these blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
  • Embodiments as described above by means of figures 1 to 13 may be implemented by computer software executable by a data processor, at least one data processing unit or process of a device, such as a base station, e.g. eNB, or a UE, in, e.g., the processor entity, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware.
  • Computer software or program also called program product, including software routines, applets and/or macros, may be stored in any apparatus-readable data storage medium or distribution medium and they include program instructions to perform particular tasks.
  • An apparatus-readable data storage medium or distribution medium may be a non-transitory medium.
  • a computer program product may comprise one or more computer-executable components which, when the program is run, are configured to carry out embodiments.
  • the one or more computer-executable components may be at least one software code or portions of it.
  • any blocks of the logic flow as in the Figures may represent program steps, or interconnected logic circuits, blocks and functions, or a combination of program steps and logic circuits, blocks and functions.
  • the software may be stored on such physical media as memory chips, or memory blocks implemented within the processor, magnetic media such as hard disk or floppy disks, and optical media such as for example DVD and the data variants thereof, CD.
  • the physical media is a non-transitory media .
  • the memory may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory.
  • the data processors may be of any type suitable to the local technical environment, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) , application specific integrated circuits (ASIC) , FPGA, gate level circuits and processors based on multi-core processor architecture, as non-limiting examples.
  • Embodiments described above in relation to figures 1 to 8 may be practiced in various components such as integrated circuit modules.
  • the design of integrated circuits is by and large a highly automated process.
  • Complex and powerful software tools are available for converting a logic level design into a semiconductor circuit design ready to be etched and formed on a semiconductor substrate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé comprenant une étape consistant à faire émettre N fois un symbole de données à un intervalle de temps d'une durée nTshift vers un équipement d'utilisateur de manière à former un faisceau d'émission, N représentant le nombre d'antennes virtuelles au niveau de l'équipement utilisateur.
PCT/EP2015/052007 2015-01-30 2015-01-30 Procédé et appareil pour la formation de faisceaux virtuelle WO2016119901A1 (fr)

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US20050009476A1 (en) * 2003-07-07 2005-01-13 Shiquan Wu Virtual MIMO transmitters, receivers, systems and methods
WO2007019666A1 (fr) * 2005-08-15 2007-02-22 Research In Motion Limited Filtres spatio-temporels conjoints optimaux ('joint space-time optimum filters' ou jstof) permettant de supprimer les interferences
WO2014035218A1 (fr) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-06 엘지전자 주식회사 Procédé et appareil pour virtualiser une antenne dans un système de communication sans fil
WO2014035216A1 (fr) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-06 엘지전자 주식회사 Procédé et appareil permettant la virtualisation d'une antenne dans un système de communication sans fil

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US20050009476A1 (en) * 2003-07-07 2005-01-13 Shiquan Wu Virtual MIMO transmitters, receivers, systems and methods
WO2007019666A1 (fr) * 2005-08-15 2007-02-22 Research In Motion Limited Filtres spatio-temporels conjoints optimaux ('joint space-time optimum filters' ou jstof) permettant de supprimer les interferences
WO2014035218A1 (fr) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-06 엘지전자 주식회사 Procédé et appareil pour virtualiser une antenne dans un système de communication sans fil
WO2014035216A1 (fr) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-06 엘지전자 주식회사 Procédé et appareil permettant la virtualisation d'une antenne dans un système de communication sans fil
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