WO2016119675A1

WO2016119675A1 - Electric cam valve driving mechanism having double springs

Info

Publication number: WO2016119675A1
Application number: PCT/CN2016/072125
Authority: WO
Inventors: 唐明龙
Original assignee: 天津潜景技术咨询有限公司
Priority date: 2015-01-30
Filing date: 2016-01-26
Publication date: 2016-08-04

Abstract

Disclosed is a valve driving mechanism using electromagnetic force drive. Cams (201, 201a) are combined together with electric motor rotors or rotor shafts (206, 206a) to constitute an electric cam. Two sets of valve springs are provided, namely a lower valve spring (3) and an upper valve spring (7). The lower valve spring (3), the electric cam and a conventional overhead-type cam driving mechanism have the same mounting mode. The upper valve spring (7) and the lower valve spring (3) form an angle of 180 degrees and are directly supported on the cams (201, 201a) or are supported on the cams (201, 201a) by a rocker arm forming an angle of 180 degrees with the lower valve spring (3). The valve springs, a valve rod (1), the rocker arm and the electric cam work in a forced vibration state. The spring force provides the main power for opening and closing the valve. Electrical power replenishes energy loss and controls the opening and closing time of the valve. With the co-operative action between the electric motor and the springs, continuous adjustment of the opening phase and the opening angle of the valve is achieved.

Description

Double spring electric cam valve drive mechanism

Technical field

The utility model relates to a reciprocating engine valve driving mechanism, in particular to a valve driving mechanism driven by electromagnetic force.

Background technique

Known reciprocating engine valves have different optimal valve timings at different speeds, so various variable timing and variable lift systems have been developed, mainly including: (1) changing the cam by the tensioning method of the sprocket Phase, (2) hydraulic blades change cam phase, (3) use additional cam type, select different cams by hydraulic pressure to change lift and phase, (4) adjust rocker ejector to adjust lift, (5) electromagnet Valve drive, (6) hydraulic drive. Among them, the first four schemes are based on the engine cam as the basic power, and have been applied on a large scale. However, there is still insufficient control flexibility. The electromagnet and hydraulic controls are the most flexible, so there are constantly Various electromagnetic schemes and hydraulic schemes have been proposed. In order to overcome the spring force, the electromagnet generally selects an EI type electromagnet. When such an electromagnet has a large stroke at the same current, the suction force is small, and when the stroke is near, the attraction is large, in order to ensure the far distance. The suction force and current of the stroke are large, the power consumption of the whole electromagnetic valve system is very high, the control is difficult in the valve closing process, and the volume is difficult to meet the requirements; the hydraulic system response speed is not high enough, and it has been used in low-speed engines, but it is difficult to use. High speed engine.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is that (1) the variable valve driving flexibility with the engine cam as the basic power is not high enough, and (2) the electromagnet type valve driving system has high energy consumption and high control difficulty. (3) The problem of low response speed of the hydraulic system drive system.

The specific technical solution is: the cam and the motor rotor are coupled together to form an electric cam; two sets of valve springs, an upper valve spring and a lower valve spring are provided, and the lower valve spring and the electric cam are installed in the same manner as the conventional overhead cam driving mechanism, and the upper valve spring is installed. 180 degrees directly with the lower valve spring on the cam, or 180 degrees on the cam by the rocker arm and the lower valve spring, the system has three stable states, the valve is half open, the valve is fully open and the valve is fully closed, of which the valve half The opening is a fully balanced position, the valve is fully open and the valve is fully closed. The motor drives the cam to cause the valve to move fully open or fully closed, and the spring drives the valve and cam and the fully balanced position to move to the fully balanced position. The speed reaches the maximum, the spring blocks the cam and the valve, but the cam and the valve continue to move, and the system runs to another semi-steady state without considering the resistance, so that the valve spring, the valve stem, the rocker arm and the electric cam work in Subject to vibration, bullet The spring force provides the main valve opening and closing power, the electric power supplements the energy loss, controls the opening and closing time of the valve, and the valve opening phase and the opening angle are continuously adjustable through the action of the motor and the spring.

Two cam shapes are designed, one type, one pair of end cams, ie the cam has one high point and one low point, two or three pairs of end point cams, ie the cam has three high points and three low points, a pair of end points of the cam Corresponding to an opening and closing cycle, the single-end end cam rotates one revolution, the engine turns two turns, the three pairs of end cams rotate one revolution, and the engine rotates six revolutions.

The normal engine valve opening angle is about 260 degrees of the crank angle, the cam raising angle is about 130 degrees, with the axis as the reference, the radius is the smallest and the radius is equal to the base circle, which is the valve closing position, and the cam base is rounded at 230 degrees. Left and right, there is no equal radius at the high point of the cam. Each pair of end points of the cam of the present invention is provided with two equal radius segments, one is a radius such as a maximum radius, one is a radius segment with a minimum radius, and the equal radius segment angle of the minimum radius is 1 to 6 times the angle of the maximum radius, The cam is driven by the spring and the electric power in the variable radius section, and the equal diameter section is only driven by the electric power, and the cam works in the shifting motion state. Since the spring force of the variable diameter section is much larger than the electric power, the period mainly depends on the spring and The period of the motion system has a small range of variation, and increases the moving speed of the maximum radius equal-diameter section when contacting the lower valve top column or the lower valve rocker arm, and reduces the movement speed of the minimum radius section contacting the lower valve top column or the lower valve rocker arm. The valve opening angle can be reduced, and the valve opening angle can be increased. In the same case of the total cycle, taking the angle of the smaller equal diameter section is beneficial to reducing the movement speed of the equal diameter section and reducing the absolute speed variation of the motor. Reducing the driving force of the motor, increasing the equal-diameter section angle is beneficial to reduce the control difficulty, but the electric power requirement is improved, and the total diameter of the equal-diameter section is less than 120 degrees, especially when the cancellation is completely cancelled. When the valve, and so the total diameter section angle less than 30 degrees.

According to the shape of the cam and the characteristics of the engine, four types of electric cams are designed, one is a multi-row three-end outer rotor electric cam, that is, a plurality of three pairs of end cams are juxtaposed on the outer rotor of the outer rotor type motor, or a plurality of three pairs of end cams As an integral part of the outer rotor of the electric motor, the electric cam is suitable for a multi-valve high-speed engine; the second type is a multi-row single-end end outer rotor electric cam, that is, a plurality of single-end end cams are juxtaposed on the outer rotor of the outer rotor type motor, And the balance weight is arranged on the outer rotor. The electric cam is suitable for the multi-valve low-speed engine; the third type is the single-row three-pair inner rotor electric cam, that is, the three pairs of end cams are fixed on the inner rotor of the inner rotor type motor. The cam is suitable for a single-valve high-speed engine; the four types are single-row single-end inner rotor electric cams, that is, the single-end end cam is fixed on the inner rotor shaft of the inner rotor motor, and a flat balance weight is set, and the electric cam is suitable for a single valve. Low speed engine.

Design the overall layout of two types of valve drive mechanisms, one is the upper and lower layout, and the additional rocker arm is on the cam. Above, the additional upper valve spring is above the additional rocker arm, and the upper valve spring and the cam are driven by the same type of rocker arm. The top valve spring and the top rocker top column can be completely symmetrical with the lower valve spring, the upper valve spring And the top column of the upper rocker arm can also be changed; if the lower valve is driven without the rocker arm, the upper valve spring and the cam are also driven by the non-rocker arm, the second type is the low height layout, and the upper rocker arm is the middle pivot point. Rocker arm, one end of the rocker arm is provided with a rolling wheel and a cam contact, one end of the rocker arm is in contact with the upper spring seat, the spring and the cam are both below the upper rocker arm, and the middle pivot point is supported by the adjustable top column, and the adjustable top column is Above the rocker arm.

The optimized double-spring electric cam valve drive mechanism is provided with a stop mechanism, and the stop mechanism adopts the method of adding the upper rocker adjustable top column or the adjustable upper valve spring upper seat, and the adjustable top column or the adjustable upper valve spring upper seat is driven. The method is hydraulic type, motor wire rod type, and parking rod type; the parking rod type driving mechanism is: a sliding slope is arranged on the upper surface of the upper rocker adjustable top column, and an upper rocker arm adjustable top column driving rod is arranged. That is, the stopping lever has a sliding inclined surface and a convex step matched with the adjustable top column, and the driving rod is moved by the motor and the screw mechanism. When the engine is stopped, the driving rod protruding step leaves the adjustable top column. The action of the upper valve spring is weakened, the valve is closed or the small gap is open, and the valve does not collide with the piston in the non-electric state. When the engine is working, the motor is started first, the cam is first closed, and then the driving rod is raised. The top column is adjustable, the engine is in working condition, the hydraulic and motor wire rods work similarly, the structure is more complicated, the control is flexible, and the parking rod type To each cylinder of the stop lever are joined together using a drive mechanism control.

The invention has the beneficial effects that the double spring mechanism realizes the energy recovery by using the combination mechanism of the double spring, the cam and the electric motor, and provides the main valve opening and closing power, which has lower power requirement than the simple electric driving cam, since the structure is per The same type of valves of the cylinders are respectively equipped with a driving mechanism. Under the action of the double springs, the valve movement speed is fast, the control is flexible, the valve switch phase and the opening angle are adjustable, especially when the engine works at a lower speed, Adjust the valve opening time to adjust the intake air amount and reduce the pumping loss. Under high speed and low load, some cylinders can also be closed and work in the state of the gas spring to realize the cylinder deactivation function.

DRAWINGS

The following further illustrates the present invention in combination

Figure 1 is a three-point end cam shape diagram,

Figure 2 is a single pair of end point cam shape diagrams,

Figure 3 is a two-column three-pair end outer rotor electric cam structure diagram,

Figure 4 is a two-row single-end end outer rotor electric cam structure diagram,

Figure 5 is a structural diagram of a rotor-motor cam in a single row and three pairs of end points,

Figure 6 is a low-level layout of the dual-spring electric cam valve drive mechanism.

Figure 7 is a top and bottom layout of the dual spring electric cam valve drive mechanism.

detailed description

Figure 1 shows the shape of three pairs of end cams, which are cams with three pairs of end points. (2011) is the base circle, (2012) is the variable radius segment, (2013) is the maximum radius equal diameter segment, and (2014) is the minimum. The equal-diameter section of the radius takes a smaller equal-diameter section angle, and the maximum radius equal-diameter section angle is larger than the minimum radius equal-diameter section. The maximum radius equal-diameter section in the figure is 5 degrees, and the minimum radius equal-path section is 15 degrees.

Figure 2 shows the shape of a single pair of end cams, which is the base circle in the cam diagram with the opposite end point (2011a), (2012a) is the variable radius segment, (2013a) is the maximum radius equal diameter segment, and (2014a) is the minimum radius. For the equal-diameter section, take the smaller equal-diameter section angle, and the maximum radius equal-diameter section angle is larger than the minimum radius equal-diameter section. The maximum radius equal-diameter section in the figure is 5 degrees, and the minimum radius equal-path section is 15 degrees.

Figure 3 shows the structure of two rows of three-end outer rotor electric cams consisting of two three pairs of end cams (201), camshafts (203), counterweights (202), inner stators (205), and inner stator shafts (204). The outer rotor (207) is configured, wherein the cam (201), the cam shaft (203) and the outer rotor (206) are formed as a whole structure, and three rows of three-end outer rotor electric cams are added, and a cam (201) is added. .

Figure 4 shows the structure of two rows of single-end end outer rotor electric cams consisting of two single-pair end cams (201a), camshafts (203), counterweights (202), inner stators (205), and inner stator shafts ( 204), the outer rotor (207) is configured, wherein the cam (201), the cam shaft (203), the counterweight (202) and the outer rotor (206) are formed into a unitary structure, and three rows of single-end end outer rotor electric cams are added. Cam (201a), no longer stated.

Figure 5 shows the structure of a single-row three-pair inner rotor rotor cam, which is composed of a three-pair end cam (201) and an inner rotor shaft (206a) fixed to the inner rotor motor (205a) to form a single-row three-pair inner rotor. The electric cam replaces one of the three pairs of end cams (201) in Fig. 5 with a single pair of end cams (201a), a single row of single pair end inner rotor electric cams.

Figure 6 shows the low-height arrangement of the dual-spring electric cam valve drive mechanism. The valve stem (1) is installed in the valve guide (4), the lower valve spring (3), the spring seat (301) and the valve (1). Pressed together by spring force, the lower rocker arm (5) is the side fulcrum rocker arm, and the lower rocker arm fulcrum (503) is mounted on the liquid. The top pillar (6), the lower rocker valve stem pusher head (502) is placed on top of the valve stem, the lower rocker arm is provided with a roller (501), and the lower rocker roller (501) is placed on the cam of the electric cam (2) ( 201), the above mechanism is installed in the same way as the conventional engine. The upper rocker arm (8) is a middle fulcrum rocker arm, the top column (701) of the upper valve spring (7) is placed on the pusher head (801) of the upper rocker arm, and the roller (802) of the upper rocker arm is placed on the cam ( 201), the top column (701) and the cam (201) of the upper valve spring are at both ends of the upper rocker arm and are located below the upper rocker arm, on the upper side, on both sides of the upper rocker arm, and the fulcrum in the middle of the upper rocker arm (803 The adjustable top column (9) is mounted on the upper top column (9), and the sliding inclined surface (901) is arranged on the upper part of the top column (9). The sliding slope (1001) and the working step (1002) are arranged on the stopping rod (10), and the stopping rod (10) It can move left and right. When the working step (1002) is in contact with the adjustable top column (9), the adjustable top column moves downward, and the upper valve spring is in working state. When the working step (1002) leaves the adjustable top column (9) When the adjustable top column moves upwards, the upper valve spring is in a non-working state, and the stop state can close the valve and protect the valve and the piston.

Figure 7 shows the structure of the double-spring electric cam valve drive mechanism up and down. Figure 1 shows the structure of the double-spring electric cam valve drive mechanism. The valve stem (1) is installed in the valve guide (4), the lower valve The spring (3), the spring seat (301) and the valve (1) are press-fitted together by a spring force, the lower rocker arm (5) is a side fulcrum rocker arm, and the lower rocker arm fulcrum (503) is mounted with a hydraulic top column (6). ), the lower rocker valve stem pushing head (502) is placed on top of the valve stem, the lower rocker arm is provided with a roller (501), and the lower rocker roller (501) is placed on the cam (201) of the electric cam (2). The above mechanism is installed in the same way as the conventional engine. The upper rocker arm (8a) and the lower rocker arm (5) have the same structure, the rocker pivot point (803a) is at one end of the rocker arm, the upper rocker arm roller (802a) is in the middle, and the upper valve spring (7) is the top column ( 701a) topped on the push arm (801a) of the upper rocker arm, the upper rocker arm (802a) is mounted on the cam (201), and the upper rocker pivot point (803a) is mounted with an adjustable top post (9), the adjustable top The upper part of the column (9a) is provided with a sliding inclined surface (901), the sliding rod (10) is provided with a sliding inclined surface (1001) and a working step (1002), and the stopping rod (10) can be moved left and right, when the working step (1002) and the adjustable top When the column (9) is in contact, the adjustable top column moves downward, and the upper valve spring is in working state. When the working step (1002) leaves the adjustable top column (9), the adjustable top column moves upward, and the upper valve spring is in a non-position. Working condition, stop state, can make the valve close, protect the valve and piston.

Claims

A valve driving mechanism, in particular a valve driving mechanism driven by electromagnetic force, characterized in that a cam (201, 201a) is coupled with a rotor or a rotor shaft (206, 206a) to form an electric cam; two sets of valve springs are provided , the lower valve spring (7) and the upper valve spring (7), the lower valve spring, the electric cam and the conventional overhead cam drive mechanism are installed in the same manner, the upper valve spring and the lower valve spring are directly placed on the cam at 180 degrees, or pass The rocker arm and the lower valve spring are placed on the cam at 180 degrees. The spring force provides the main valve opening and closing power. The electric power supplements the energy loss, controls the opening and closing time of the valve, and the valve is opened by the motor and the spring. The phase and opening angle are continuously adjustable.
The valve driving mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the cam used is a single pair of end points cam (201a), that is, the cam has a high point (2013a) and a low point (2014a), and the single pair of end points cam rotates one week. The engine turns two turns.
The valve driving mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the cam used is three pairs of end cams, that is, the cam has three high points (2013) and three low points (2014), and a pair of end points of the cam correspond to one open In the closed cycle, the three pairs of end cams turn one turn and the engine turns 6 turns.
The valve driving mechanism according to claim 1, wherein each of the pair of end points of the cam used is provided with two equal radius segments, one is a radius such as a maximum radius (2013, 2013a), and the other is a radius such as a minimum radius (2014). , 2014a), the angle of the radius of the minimum radius is 1 to 6 times the angle of the maximum radius, and the total angle of the equal diameter section is less than 120 degrees, especially when the throttle is completely canceled, the total angle of the equal diameter section is less than 30 degrees.
The valve driving mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the electric cam adopts a plurality of rows of three-end outer rotor electric cams (201), that is, a plurality of three pairs of end cams are juxtaposed on the outer rotor of the outer rotor type motor, or more The three pairs of end cams are integrated with the outer rotor of the motor.
A valve driving mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the electric cam employs a plurality of rows of single-end outer rotor electric cams (201a), that is, a plurality of single-pair end cams are juxtaposed to the outer rotor of the outer rotor type motor, and A counterweight is placed on the outer rotor.
The valve drive mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the electric cam is fixed to the inner rotor shaft (206a) of the inner rotor type motor by a single row of three pairs of end inner rotor electric cams, that is, three pairs of end points cams (201).
The valve driving mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the electric cam adopts a single row and a pair of end inner rotor electric cams, that is, a single pair of end cams (201a) are fixed to the inner rotor of the inner rotor type motor. On the sub-axis (206a), and set the counterweight.
The valve drive mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the valve drive mechanism has an upper and lower layout as a whole, and an additional rocker arm (8a) is above the cam (2), and an additional upper valve spring (7a) is disposed. Above the additional rocker arm (8a), the rocker pivot point (802a) is at one end, the top valve spring and the top rocker arm top column can be completely symmetrical with the lower valve spring, and the upper valve spring and the top rocker top column can also be transposed If the lower valve is driven without the rocker arm, the upper valve spring and the cam are also driven without the rocker arm.
The valve driving mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the overall layout of the valve driving mechanism adopts a low height layout, the upper rocker arm (8) adopts a middle fulcrum (803) rocker arm, and one end of the rocker arm is provided with a scroll wheel (802). ) in contact with the cam (201), one end of the rocker arm is in contact with the upper spring seat (701), the spring and the cam are both below the upper rocker arm, and the middle pivot point is supported by the adjustable top post (9), the adjustable top post (9) Above the upper rocker arm (8).
The valve driving mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the electric cam valve driving mechanism is provided with a stopping mechanism, wherein the stopping mechanism adopts an upper rocker adjustable top column (9, 9a), or an adjustable upper valve spring seat is provided. The method realizes that the driving mode of the adjustable top column or the adjustable upper valve spring upper seat is hydraulic type, motor screwing type and stopping rod type.
A valve driving mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the parking lever type driving mechanism is provided with a sliding slope (901) on the upper surface of the upper rocker adjustable top column (9, 9a), and an upper rocking is set The arm adjustable top column driving rod, that is, the stopping rod (10), the sliding rod has a sliding inclined surface (1001) and a protruding step (1002) matched with the adjustable top column, and the driving rod is moved by the motor and the screw mechanism When the engine is stopped, the driving rod protruding step leaves the adjustable top column, the upper valve spring is weakened, the valve is closed or the small gap is opened, and the valve is prevented from colliding with the piston in the non-electric state, before the engine works, first The motor is started, the cam is first closed, and the stopping lever connects the stopping rods of each cylinder together, and is controlled by a driving mechanism.