WO2016115769A1 - 全光可调谐宽带线性调频信号的产生装置 - Google Patents

全光可调谐宽带线性调频信号的产生装置 Download PDF

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WO2016115769A1
WO2016115769A1 PCT/CN2015/074648 CN2015074648W WO2016115769A1 WO 2016115769 A1 WO2016115769 A1 WO 2016115769A1 CN 2015074648 W CN2015074648 W CN 2015074648W WO 2016115769 A1 WO2016115769 A1 WO 2016115769A1
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optical
optical filter
dispersion
module
signal
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邹卫文
张昊
陈建平
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Shanghai Jiao Tong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
    • H01S3/0057—Temporal shaping, e.g. pulse compression, frequency chirping
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2/00—Demodulating light; Transferring the modulation of modulated light; Frequency-changing of light
    • G02F2/02—Frequency-changing of light, e.g. by quantum counters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
    • H01S3/1106—Mode locking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
    • H01S3/1305—Feedback control systems

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  • the invention relates to the field of microwave photonics and radar, in particular to a device for generating all-optical tunable broadband chirp signals.
  • the chirp signal is one of the signal waveforms often used in modern radar systems.
  • a chirp signal with a large bandwidth can be used to improve the range resolution of the radar.
  • Existing electronic-based arbitrary waveform generators are often limited in bandwidth due to limitations in electronic bottlenecks.
  • the chirp-based signal generated by the photon method can provide much larger bandwidth than the traditional electrical method, and has a series of advantages such as low loss and anti-electromagnetic interference, which can be used to improve the performance of the radar.
  • the photon-based wide-band chirp signal generation method mainly includes a spatial light-based method, a phase modulation or polarization modulation method, a wavelength-time mapping method, and a time domain pulse shaping method (see J. Yao, "Photonic generation of Microwave arbitrary waveforms, "Optics Communications, vol. 284, no. 15, pp. 3723-3736, 2011.).
  • the wavelength-time mapping method is more attractive because of its good tunability.
  • Canadian researchers have proposed methods based on fiber Bragg gratings and wavelength-time mapping (see R. Ashrafi, Y. Park, and J.
  • the present invention aims to provide an all-optical tunable wideband chirp
  • the generation device of the number which uses only one mode-locked laser as the light source, avoids the instability of the signal generated due to the non-correlation of the independent laser.
  • the invention utilizes the principle of wavelength-time mapping, and can adjust the center wavelength and the filtering bandwidth of the first optical filter and the second optical filter to realize that the center frequency and the sweep bandwidth of the generated chirp signal can be simple and flexible. Tuning.
  • the method of the present invention has tremendous advantages in generating wideband chirp signals.
  • An all-optical tunable broadband chirp signal generating device characterized in that the composition comprises a mode-locked laser, a first optical coupler, a first optical filter, a first dispersion module, a second optical filter, and a second dispersion module
  • the adjustable delay module, the second optical coupler, the optical amplifier and the photodetector; the positional relationship of the above components is as follows:
  • the direction of the output beam along the mode-locked laser is the first optical coupler, and the first optical coupler divides the input beam into a first beam and a second beam, along which the first beam is sequentially
  • the first optical filter, the first dispersion module and the second optical coupler are sequentially the second optical filter, the second dispersion module, the adjustable delay module and the second along the second beam
  • An optical coupler; the second optical coupler combines the first light beam and the second light beam, and the output direction of the second optical coupler is the optical amplifier and the photodetector.
  • the all-optical broadband chirp signal generation is performed by using the above device, and the signal adjustment manners thereof include:
  • the optical signal output by the second optical coupler is detected by the photodetector, and the output current is:
  • the response rate of the photodetector According to the differential relationship between phase and frequency, the instantaneous frequency can be expressed as:
  • ⁇ 0 represents the average of the center wavelengths of the first optical filter and the second optical filter
  • ⁇ is the filtering bandwidth of the relatively small optical filter
  • the first optical coupler divides the wide-spectrum optical signal outputted by the mode-locked laser into two parts, and enters the first optical filter and the second optical filter, respectively.
  • the optical filter has an approximately rectangular filtering shape, and bandpass filtering is performed on the broad spectrum light, respectively.
  • the dispersion module introduces dispersion to the filtered broad spectrum light. Assume that the dispersion of the dispersion module is Real-time Fourier transform based on dispersion (see MAMuriel, J. And A. Carballar, "Real-time Fourier transformer based on fiber gratings", Optics Letters, vol. 24, pp.
  • the amplitude of the signal at time t is proportional to the input signal at the angle frequency
  • the Fourier transform of time Because of the role of the dispersive module, the filtered spectrum is mapped to the time domain on both optical paths.
  • the adjustable delay module on the second optical path is used to compensate for the time offset between the optical path signals on the two optical paths due to the difference in the amount of dispersion/length of the first dispersion module and the second dispersion module.
  • the optical amplifier amplifies the optical signal output by the second optical coupler.
  • the photodetector converts the optical signal into an electrical signal.
  • the optical frequency components of the photodetector beat frequency change linearly at different speeds in a pulse observation window at different times.
  • the frequency of the electrical signal generated at different times changes linearly, that is, the chirp signal.
  • the center wavelength of the first optical filter and the second optical filter that is, changing the corresponding optical frequency difference
  • the center frequency of the generated wide-band chirp signal can be changed, thereby generating up-frequency modulation, down-modulation, and first-down frequency modulation.
  • the filter bandwidth of the first optical filter and the second optical filter By varying the filter bandwidth of the first optical filter and the second optical filter, the pulse duration, bandwidth, and corresponding time bandwidth product of the generated chirp signal can be varied.
  • the all-optical tunable wideband chirp signal generating apparatus of the present invention Using only one mode-locked laser as the light source, on the one hand, the structure is simple and cost-effective, on the other hand, the use of multiple independent light source beat frequencies is avoided, because the signal is unstable due to the irrelevance of the light source.
  • the present invention only needs to change the center wavelength difference between the first optical filter and the second optical filter to change the center frequency of the generated wide-band chirp signal, thereby generating rising frequency modulation, lowering frequency modulation, and lowering the frequency modulation and then increasing the frequency modulation.
  • Three forms of waveforms are simple and easy to implement. In theory, as long as the spectrum of the mode-locked laser is sufficiently wide, the center frequency of the generated signal is arbitrarily adjustable, and it can generate chirp signals of different frequency bands, and can even be extended to the terahertz band.
  • the pulse duration, bandwidth, and corresponding time bandwidth product of the generated chirp signal can be changed.
  • the present invention can change the sweep slope of the generated wideband chirp signal by changing the amount of dispersion of the first dispersion module and the second dispersion module.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an all-optical tunable wideband chirp signal generating apparatus according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention.
  • 2(b) changes the center wavelength of the second optical filter, that is, changes in the instantaneous frequency of the start, middle, and end times of the wideband chirp signal when the optical frequency difference between the first optical filter and the second optical filter is changed. .
  • FIG. 3 is a time domain waveform (a), (c), (e) and corresponding short-time Fourier of the simulated microwave signal when the optical frequency difference between the first optical filter and the second optical filter is adjusted in the present invention.
  • Transform analysis (b), (d), (f).
  • Figure 4 is a diagram showing the adjustment of the microwave signal at the center wavelength (a), (b) 0 nm, (c), (d) + 0.26 nm; (e), (f) - 0.26 nm of the second optical filter in the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a short-time Fourier transform analysis of measuring a microwave signal when the filter bandwidth of the first optical filter and the second optical filter is simultaneously changed from 1.5 nm to 3.5 nm in the present invention.
  • the composition includes a mode-locked laser 1, a first optical coupler 2, a first optical filter 3, a first dispersion module 4, a second optical filter 5, a second dispersion module 6, an adjustable delay module 7, and a second Photocoupler 8, optical amplifier 9, photodetector 10.
  • the mode-locked laser 1 is connected to the first optical coupler 2, and the first optical coupler divides the optical signal into two parts and inputs the optical input ends of the first optical filter 3 and the second optical filter 5, respectively.
  • the first optical filter and the second optical filter are all tunable filters.
  • the light output end of the first optical filter 3 is connected to the first dispersion module 4, and the light output end of the second optical filter 5 is connected to the light input end of the second dispersion module 6.
  • the first dispersion module and the second dispersion of the embodiment The modules are dispersion-compensating fibers.
  • the light output end of the second dispersion module 6 is connected to the optical input end of the adjustable delay module 7, and the light output of the first dispersion module 4 and the adjustable delay module 7 are combined and input to the optical amplifier via the second optical coupler 8.
  • the optical amplifier of this embodiment is an erbium doped fiber amplifier, and the optical signal is amplified to reduce the insertion loss of the link.
  • Light output terminal of optical amplifier 9 is connected to light
  • the electrical detector 10 converts the optical signal into an electrical signal.
  • the first optical coupler described in FIG. 1 divides the broad spectrum light outputted by the mode-locked laser into two parts, and enters the first optical filter and the second optical filter, respectively.
  • the optical filter has an approximately rectangular filtering shape, and bandpass filtering is performed on the broad spectrum light, respectively.
  • the dispersion module introduces dispersion to the filtered broad spectrum light. Assume that the dispersion of the dispersion module is According to the real-time Fourier transform introduced by dispersion, for ultrashort pulses, the signal amplitude is proportional to the input signal at the angular frequency at time t. The Fourier transform of time. Because of the role of the dispersive module, the filtered spectrum is mapped to the time domain on both optical paths.
  • the two signals are aligned by an adjustable delay module and coupled together by a second optocoupler. Because the amount of dispersion on the two optical paths is different, the optical frequency components of the photodetector beat frequency change linearly at different speeds in a pulse observation window at different times, so the frequency of the electrical signal generated at different times changes linearly, that is, linear. FM signal.
  • the grayscale bars (i)(ii) in Fig. 2(a) respectively represent the first optical path and the second optical path at the photodetector beat frequency at different times when the central wavelengths of the first optical filter and the second optical filter are the same.
  • the gradation bar (iii) represents the optical frequency component when the center wavelength of the second optical filter is adjusted. For the beat frequency of (i) (ii), the instantaneous frequency at the center time t2 is 0 GH; for the beat frequency of (i) (iii), the instantaneous frequency at the center time t2 is shifted.
  • Fig. 2(b) is a diagram showing changes in the instantaneous frequency of the start, middle, and end times of the wide-band chirp signal generated when the center wavelength of the second optical filter is changed. The simulation of the three forms of waveforms is shown in Figure 3.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram showing the adjustment of the microwave signal at the center wavelength (a), (b) 0 nm, (c), (d) + 0.26 nm; (e), (f) - 0.26 nm of the second optical filter in the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a short-time Fourier transform analysis of measuring a microwave signal when the filter bandwidth of the first optical filter and the second optical filter is simultaneously changed from 1.5 nm to 3.5 nm in the present invention. It can be seen that by changing the filtering bandwidth of the first optical filter and the second optical filter, the generated chirp signal can be changed. Pulse duration, bandwidth, and corresponding time bandwidth product.

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Abstract

一种全光可调谐宽带线性调频信号产生装置，该装置构成包括锁模激光器(1)、第一光耦合器(2)、第一光滤波器(3)、第一色散模块(4)、第二光滤波器(5)、第二色散模块(6)、可调延时模块(7)、第二光耦合器(8)、光放大器(9)、光电探测器(10)。该装置只使用一个锁模激光器作为光源，避免了因为独立激光器非相关性而导致的产生信号的不稳定。利用波长-时间映射的原理，通过调节第一光滤波器、第二光滤波器的中心波长和滤波带宽，可以实现产生的线性调频信号的中心频率、扫频带宽都能简单灵活的可调谐。该装置在产生宽带线性调频信号方面有巨大优势。

Description

全光可调谐宽带线性调频信号的产生装置 技术领域
本发明涉及微波光子学和雷达领域，具体是一种全光可调谐宽带线性调频信号的产生装置。
背景技术
线性调频信号是现代雷达体制中经常采用的信号波形之一，具有大带宽的线性调频信号能够用来提高雷达的距离分辨率。现有的基于电子的任意波形发生器因受限于电子瓶颈，带宽通常比较窄。相比之下，基于光子方法产生的线性调频信号能够提供比传统的电学方法大得多的带宽，且拥有低损耗、抗电磁干扰等一系列优点，可以用来提高雷达的性能。
基于光子的宽带线性调频信号产生方法主要包括基于空间光的方法、基于相位调制或偏振调制的方法、波长-时间映射的方法和时域脉冲整形的方法等(参见J.Yao,“Photonic generation of microwave arbitrary waveforms,”Optics Communications,vol.284,no.15,pp.3723-3736,2011.)。其中，波长-时间映射的方法因有良好的可调谐性而更具吸引力。加拿大研究者曾提出基于光纤布拉格光栅和波长-时间映射的方法(参见R.Ashrafi,Y.Park,and J.
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000001
“Fiber-based photonic generation of high-frequency microwave pulses with reconfigurable linear chirp control”,IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,vol.58,no.11,pp.3312-3319,2010.)。此方案的缺点是中心频率的调谐是以脉冲持续时间的减少为代价的，且带宽也不能简单灵活地控制。清华大学曾提出连续光与锁模激光器拍频的方法(参见H.Gao,C.Lei,M.Chen,F.Xing,H.Chen,and S.Xie,“A simple photonic generation of linearly chirped microwave pulse with large time-bandwidth product and high compression ratio”,Optics Express,vol.21,no.20,pp.23107-23115,2013.)。其缺点是使用的两个独立激光器的不相关性会造成产生信号的不稳定。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的缺陷，本发明旨在提供一种全光可调谐宽带线性调频信 号的产生装置，该装置只使用一个锁模激光器作为光源，避免了因为独立激光器非相关性而导致的产生信号的不稳定。本发明利用波长-时间映射的原理，通过调节第一光滤波器、第二光滤波器的中心波长和滤波带宽，可以实现产生的线性调频信号的中心频率、扫频带宽都能简单灵活的可调谐。相比于其他方案，本发明的方法在产生宽带线性调频信号方面有巨大优势。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术解决方案如下：
一种全光可调谐宽带线性调频信号的产生装置，特点在于其构成包括锁模激光器、第一光耦合器、第一光滤波器、第一色散模块、第二光滤波器、第二色散模块、可调延时模块、第二光耦合器、光放大器和光电探测器；上述元部件的位置关系如下：
沿所述的锁模激光器的输出光束方向是所述的第一光耦合器，该第一光耦合器将输入光束分为第一光束和第二光束，沿所述的第一光束依次是所述的第一光滤波器、第一色散模块和第二光耦合器，沿所述的第二光束依次是所述的第二光滤波器、第二色散模块、可调延时模块和第二光耦合器；所述的第二光耦合器将第一光束和第二光束合并，该第二光耦合器的输出方向依次是所述的光放大器和光电探测器。
利用上述装置进行全光宽带线性调频信号产生，其信号调节方式包括：
①改变第一光滤波器和第二光滤波器的中心波长差，以改变产生的宽带线性调频信号的中心频率，从而产生上升调频、下降调频、先下降调频后上升调频三种形式的波形；
②调节第一光滤波器、第二光滤波器的滤波带宽，以改变产生的线性调频信号的脉冲持续时间、带宽以及相应的时间带宽积；
③改变第一色散模块、第二色散模块的色散量，以改变产生的宽带线性调频信号的扫频斜率。
本发明的工作原理如下：
第一光束和第二光束经过不同色散的超短光脉冲信号的表达式为：
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000002
其中，
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000003
Ci是常数，
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000004
第一色散模块和第二色散模块的色散量，
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000005
是第一光滤波器和第二光滤波器的出射信号xi(t)的傅里叶变换，ω是绝对角频率，ωi是滤波之后的光脉冲信号的中心角频率，t是相对于平均延时ti的时间偏移，下标i＝1或2分别对应于第一光路和第二光路。第二光耦合器输出的光信号经过光电探测器探测，输出的电流为：
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000006
其中，
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000008
为光电探测器的响应率。根据相位与频率的微分关系，瞬时频率可以被表达为：
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000009
当t＝0时，中心频率为：
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000010
如果λ0代表第一光滤波器和第二光滤波器中心波长的平均值，Δλ为相对小的光滤波器的滤波带宽，那么波形的脉冲持续时间，扫频带宽，时间带宽积和扫频斜率分别可以表达为：
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000014
所述的第一光耦合器将锁模激光器输出的宽谱光信号分为两部分，分别进入第一光滤波器、第二光滤波器。光滤波器有近似矩形的滤波形状，分别对宽谱光进行带通滤波。色散模块对滤波后的宽谱光引入色散。假设色散模块的色散量为
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000015
根据色散引入的实时傅里叶变换(参见M.A.Muriel,J.
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000016
and A.Carballar,“Real-time Fourier transformer based on fiber gratings”,Optics Letters,vol.24,pp.1-3,1999.)，对于超短脉冲，在t时刻信号幅度正比于输入信号在角频率
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000017
时的傅里叶变换。因为色散模块的作用，在两条光路上，滤波后的光谱被映射到时域。第二光路上的可调延时模块是用来补偿因为第一色散模块和第二色散模块的色散量/长度不同导致的两条光路上光脉冲信号之间的时间偏移。光放大器将第二光耦合器输出的光信号放大。最后，光电探测器将光信号转换为电信号，因为两条光路上色散量的不同，在一个脉冲观测窗口内，不同时刻在光电探测器拍频的光频分量以不同的速度线性变化，所以不同时刻产生的电信号频率线性变化，也就是线性调频信号。通过改变第一光滤波器、第二光滤波器的中心波长，也就是改变其对应的光频率差，可以改变产生的宽带线性调频信号的中心频率，从而产生上升调频、下降调频、先下降调频后上升调频这三种形式的波形。通过改变第一光滤波器、第二光滤波器的滤波带宽，可以改变产生的线性调频信号的脉冲持续时间、带宽以及相应的时间带宽积。
本发明具有以下优点：
1、本发明全光可调谐宽带线性调频信号产生装置。只使用一个锁模激光器作为光源，一方面结构简单节约成本，另一方面避免了使用多个独立光源拍频，因为光源不相关性而造成产生信号的不稳定。
2、本发明只需要改变第一光滤波器和第二光滤波器的中心波长差就可以改变产生的宽带线性调频信号的中心频率，从而产生上升调频、下降调频、先下降调频后上升调频这三种形式的波形，简单容易实现。理论上，只要锁模激光器的光谱足够宽，那么产生信号的中心频率是任意可调的，可以产生不同频段的线性调频信号，甚至可以拓展到太赫兹频段。
3、本发明，通过调节第一光滤波器、第二光滤波器的滤波带宽，可以改变产生的线性调频信号的脉冲持续时间、带宽以及相应的时间带宽积。
4、本发明，通过改变第一色散模块、第二色散模块的色散量，可以改变产生的宽带线性调频信号的扫频斜率。
附图说明
图1为本发明全光可调谐宽带线性调频信号产生装置的结构示意图。
图2(a)为本发明原理示意图。图2(b)改变第二光滤波器的中心波长，也就是改变第一光滤波器、第二光滤波器光频率差时，产生的宽带线性调频信号开始、中间、结束时刻瞬时频率的变化。
图3为本发明中当调节第一光滤波器、第二光滤波器光频率差时，仿真微波信号的时域波形(a),(c),(e)和相应的短时傅里叶变换分析(b),(d),(f)。
图4为本发明中调节第二光滤波器的中心波长(a),(b)0nm；(c),(d)+0.26nm；(e),(f)-0.26nm时，测量微波信号的时域波形(a),(c),(e)和相应的短时傅里叶变换分析(b),(d),(f)。
图5为本发明中当同时调节第一光滤波器、第二光滤波器的滤波带宽从1.5nm到3.5nm变化时，测量微波信号的短时傅里叶变换分析。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图给出本发明的一个具体实施例。本实施例以本发明的技术方案为前提进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式和过程，但本发明的保护范围不应限于下述的实施例。
图1为本发明全光可调谐宽带线性调频信号产生装置的结构示意图。其构成包括锁模激光器1、第一光耦合器2、第一光滤波器3、第一色散模块4、第二光滤波器5、第二色散模块6、可调延时模块7、第二光耦合器8、光放大器9、光电探测器10。
上述元部件的连接关系如下：
所述的锁模激光器1接第一光耦合器2，第一光耦合器将光信号分成两部分，分别输入到第一光滤波器3和第二光滤波器5的光输入端，本实施例的第一光滤波器、第二光滤波器都是可调光滤波器。第一光滤波器3的光输出端接第一色散模块4，第二光滤波器5的光输出端接第二色散模块6的光输入端，本实施例的第一色散模块、第二色散模块都是色散补偿光纤。第二色散模块6的光输出端接可调延时模块7的光输入端，第一色散模块4和可调延时模块7的光输出经第二光耦合器8合到一起输入到光放大器9的输入端，本实施例的光放大器为掺铒光纤放大器，对光信号进行放大，以减小链路的插损。光放大器9的光输出端接光 电探测器10，将光信号转换为电信号。
本发明的工作原理如下：
在图1中所述的第一光耦合器将锁模激光器输出的宽谱光分为两部分，分别进入第一光滤波器、第二光滤波器。光滤波器有近似矩形的滤波形状，分别对宽谱光进行带通滤波。色散模块对滤波后的宽谱光引入色散。假设色散模块的色散量为
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000018
根据色散引入的实时傅里叶变换，对于超短脉冲，在t时刻信号幅度正比于输入信号在角频率
Figure PCTCN2015074648-appb-000019
时的傅里叶变换。因为色散模块的作用，在两条光路上，滤波后的光谱被映射到时域。两路信号通过可调延时模块对齐，并通过第二光耦合器耦合到一起。因为两条光路上的色散量不同，在一个脉冲观测窗口内，不同时刻在光电探测器拍频的光频分量以不同的速度线性变化，所以不同时刻产生的电信号频率线性变化，也就是线性调频信号。
图2(a)中灰度条(i)(ii)分别代表当第一光滤波器和第二光滤波器中心波长相同时，不同时刻第一光路和第二光路在光电探测器拍频的光频率分量。灰度条(iii)代表当调节第二光滤波器的中心波长时的光频率分量。对于(i)(ii)的拍频，中心时刻t2的瞬时频率为0GH；对于(i)(iii)的拍频，中心时刻t2的瞬时频率产生偏移。通过改变第一光滤波器、第二光滤波器的中心波长，也就是改变其对应的光频率差，可以改变产生的宽带线性调频信号的中心频率，从而产生上升调频、下降调频、先下降调频后上升调频这三种形式的波形。图2(b)是改变第二光滤波器的中心波长时产生的宽带线性调频信号开始、中间、结束时刻瞬时频率的变化。三种形式波形的仿真如图3所示。
图4为本发明中调节第二光滤波器的中心波长(a),(b)0nm；(c),(d)+0.26nm；(e),(f)-0.26nm时，测量微波信号的时域波形(a),(c),(e)和相应的短时傅里叶变换分析(b),(d),(f)。每次调节之后都需要调节第二光路上的可调延时模块来补偿因为第一色散模块和第二色散模块的色散量/长度不同导致的两条光路上光脉冲信号之间的时间偏移。可以看出，通过调节第一光滤波器和第二光滤波器的中心波长的差，可以产生三种形式的波形。
图5为本发明中当同时调节第一光滤波器、第二光滤波器的滤波带宽从1.5nm到3.5nm变化时，测量微波信号的短时傅里叶变换分析。可以看出，通过改变第一光滤波器、第二光滤波器的滤波带宽，可以改变产生的线性调频信号的 脉冲持续时间、带宽以及相应的时间带宽积。

Claims (2)

  1. 一种全光可调谐宽带线性调频信号的产生装置，特征在于其构成包括锁模激光器(1)、第一光耦合器(2)、第一光滤波器(3)、第一色散模块(4)、第二光滤波器(5)、第二色散模块(6)、可调延时模块(7)、第二光耦合器(8)、光放大器(9)和光电探测器(10)；上述元部件的位置关系如下：
    沿所述的锁模激光器(1)的输出光束方向是所述的第一光耦合器(2)，该第一光耦合器(2)将输入光束分为第一光束和第二光束，沿所述的第一光束依次是所述的第一光滤波器(3)、第一色散模块(4)和第二光耦合器(8)，沿所述的第二光束依次是所述的第二光滤波器(5)、第二色散模块(6)、可调延时模块(7)和第二光耦合器(8)；所述的第二光耦合器(8)将第一光束和第二光束合并，该第二光耦合器(8)的输出方向依次是所述的光放大器(9)和光电探测器(10)。
  2. 利用权利要求1所述的全光可调谐宽带线性调频信号产生装置进行信号产生，其特征在于，其信号调节方式包括：
    ①改变第一光滤波器和第二光滤波器的中心波长差，以改变产生的宽带线性调频信号的中心频率，从而产生上升调频、下降调频、先下降调频后上升调频三种形式的波形；
    ②调节第一光滤波器、第二光滤波器的滤波带宽，以改变产生的线性调频信号的脉冲持续时间、带宽以及相应的时间带宽积；
    ③改变第一色散模块、第二色散模块的色散量，以改变产生的宽带线性调频信号的扫频斜率。
PCT/CN2015/074648 2015-01-22 2015-03-19 全光可调谐宽带线性调频信号的产生装置 Ceased WO2016115769A1 (zh)

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