WO2016112590A1 - Anti-back-splashing sandblasting perforator - Google Patents

Anti-back-splashing sandblasting perforator Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016112590A1
WO2016112590A1 PCT/CN2015/076275 CN2015076275W WO2016112590A1 WO 2016112590 A1 WO2016112590 A1 WO 2016112590A1 CN 2015076275 W CN2015076275 W CN 2015076275W WO 2016112590 A1 WO2016112590 A1 WO 2016112590A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nozzle
groove
perforator
mounting hole
backlash
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PCT/CN2015/076275
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
宁世品
梅鹏
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杰瑞能源服务有限公司
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Publication of WO2016112590A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016112590A1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/114—Perforators using direct fluid action on the wall to be perforated, e.g. abrasive jets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an oil and gas field operation device, and more particularly to an anti-backflow blasting perforating device.
  • the perforating operation is a routine operation method for establishing a passage between the casing and the reservoir, and the hydraulic blasting perforating is a commonly used method for the stimulation of oil and gas wells in the perforating operation.
  • the high-pressure perforating liquid passes through The perforating gun becomes a high-speed jet, and the pressure energy is converted into kinetic energy. It shoots through the casing, the cement ring and the near-well formation, and first establishes a circulation passage between the wellbore and the reservoir.
  • the covering part increases the number of parts of the perforator, improves the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the perforator, and in order to make it not hinder the water jet, it is also necessary to provide a water spray hole on the surface thereof, and the arrangement of the water spray hole and the cover member
  • the installation increases the number of joint gaps between the components, improves the sealing difficulty of the water spray holes, and makes the structure of the perforator more complicated, which is not conducive to installation and maintenance.
  • the coating only solves the problem at one time, but its life is limited. When the perforator is used for a period of time, the perforator will be damaged again after the coating is completely splashed and eroded.
  • the present invention is directed to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, and a new anti-backlash blasting perforator is designed.
  • the anti-backflow blasting perforating device of the invention comprises a body and a nozzle, the outer wall of the body is provided with a groove, the middle portion of the groove is provided with a mounting hole, the side wall of the groove is inclined, and the nozzle is installed in the mounting hole, the nozzle The outer end protrudes from the bottom surface of the groove.
  • the outer end of the mounting hole is provided with a stepped groove
  • the middle portion of the nozzle is provided with an annular flange, and the annular flange is located in the stepped groove.
  • the nozzle is provided with a backing ring and a sealing ring, and the backing ring and the sealing ring are located between the annular flange and the step of the stepped groove.
  • the outer end of the nozzle is a square or hexagonal bolt head.
  • the bottom of the nozzle is threadedly connected to the mounting hole.
  • the inner end of the nozzle is located in the mounting hole.
  • the angle between the side wall and the bottom surface of the groove is 120° to 160°.
  • the surface of the groove and the surface of the body of the edge of the groove are provided with a wear resistant coating.
  • the angle between the axis of the nozzle and the axis of the body is ⁇ , 75° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 90°.
  • the nozzles on the body are mounted at least one set along the axial direction thereof, and each set is provided with at least one nozzle, and the nozzles in each group are located on the same circumference.
  • the invention has the advantages that the anti-back splash blasting perforator has a simple structure, few parts, is easy to process and assemble, and forms a diversion structure around the nozzle through the provided groove and the protrusion at the outer end of the nozzle, so that the backflow is formed.
  • the liquid splashes on the perforator it can flow in a timely and uniform manner, avoiding the formation of vortex in the groove by the back splashing liquid, preventing the back splashing liquid from flowing in the groove for a long time, and reducing the back splashing liquid to the perforator. Erosion improves the life of the perforator.
  • the nozzle is provided with a flange and is installed in the stepped groove, so that the flange forms a disc-like structure covering the joint of the nozzle and the body, and the gasket ring and the sealing ring are installed between the annular flange and the step of the step groove to avoid perforation
  • the sealing structure of the device is eroded to ensure the sealing performance of the perforator, and the perforating liquid sprayed by the nozzle has sufficient pressure to ensure the perforating effect of the perforator.
  • the outer end of the nozzle is a square or hexagonal bolt head.
  • the nozzle can be installed and removed by a wrench, which further reduces the difficulty of installation and maintenance.
  • the nozzle is screwed to the mounting hole.
  • the threaded structure not only facilitates the installation and removal of the nozzle, but also has a threaded structure with a sealing function, which improves the sealing effect of the perforator and the convenience of assembly and maintenance.
  • the inner end of the nozzle is located in the mounting hole, so that the inner end of the nozzle is flush with the inner end of the mounting hole or hidden inside the mounting hole, preventing the inner end of the nozzle from being exposed in the inner cavity of the body to avoid flowing in the body cavity
  • the high-pressure perforating liquid erodes the inner end of the nozzle to reduce the wear of the inner end of the nozzle and improve the service life of the nozzle.
  • the side wall of the groove is inclined and 120°-160° from the bottom surface, so that the side wall of the groove can smoothly guide the back splash liquid to the outside of the groove, preventing the back splashing liquid from forming a vortex in the groove, avoiding return
  • the splashing fluid flows in the groove for a long time, reducing erosion.
  • the surface of the groove and the surface of the body of the groove are provided with a wear-resistant coating to increase the erosion resistance of the surface of the perforator, and cooperate with the groove and the curved guiding structure formed at the outer end of the nozzle to make the back splash
  • the erosion force is dispersed and weakened, which reduces the wear rate of the wear-resistant coating and further improves the service life of the perforator.
  • the nozzle can be perpendicular to the body or inclined relative to the body, and the perforating liquid circulates upward to impact the back splashing liquid.
  • the back splash generally has a relatively light erosion on the upper part of the nozzle, and the body of the lower part of the nozzle is more severely eroded.
  • the setting is that the back splashing liquid can be deflected upwards to make the back splashing liquid distribution more uniform, and the problem of partial erosion of the lower body of the nozzle is severely reduced.
  • the nozzles can be arranged in multiple groups at different positions, which increases the distribution area of the nozzles, enabling the perforator to perform sandblasting perforation operations on a wider range of downhole areas, thereby improving work efficiency.
  • Each set of spray holes is located on the circumference of different positions of the main body, so that the holes from the sandblasting perforations are distributed in multiple layers, the distribution is uniform, and the oil seepage effect is good.
  • Figure 1 is a structural view of the anti-backflow blasting perforating device.
  • Figure 2 is a structural view of the anti-backflow blasting perforator.
  • Figure 3 is a third structural view of the anti-backflow blasting perforating device.
  • the anti-backlash blasting perforator of the present invention as shown in Figures 1 to 3, comprises a body 1 and a nozzle 2, and the nozzle 2 may be provided in plurality.
  • a groove 3 is provided on the outer wall of the body 1, and a central portion of the groove 3 is provided with a mounting hole 4, and the nozzle 2 is mounted in the mounting hole 4 of the corresponding groove 3.
  • the side wall 5 of the recess 3 is inclined between 120 and 160 degrees from the bottom surface 6, and the outer end of the nozzle 2 protrudes from the bottom surface 6 of the recess 3 so that the outer end side wall of the nozzle 2 and the bottom surface 6 of the recess 3
  • the side wall 5 of the recess 3 forms a flow guiding structure.
  • the surface of the groove 3 and the surface of the body 1 at the edge of the groove 3 are provided with a wear-resistant coating.
  • the outer end of the nozzle 2 and the outer side of the flange may be provided with a wear-resistant coating on the surface which may be eroded by the splashing liquid.
  • the layer has an abrasion-resistant coating on the outer surface of the flow guiding structure, and the wear-resistant coating is a wear-resistant material such as a cemented carbide powder.
  • the bottom of the nozzle 2 is screwed to the mounting hole 4, and the outer end of the nozzle 2 is a square or hexagonal bolt head, which facilitates rotating the nozzle 2 by a wrench, loading the nozzle 2 into the mounting hole 4 or disassembling it from the mounting hole 4. under.
  • the outer end of the mounting hole 4 is provided with a stepped groove 7, and the annular flange 8 provided in the middle of the nozzle 2 is located in the stepped groove 7, and the gasket ring 9 and the sealing ring 10 which are fitted on the nozzle 2 are also located at the annular flange 8 and Between the steps of the stepped groove 7.
  • the inner end of the nozzle 2 is located in the mounting hole 4 to prevent the perforating liquid in the inner cavity of the body 1 from eroding the inner end of the nozzle 2.
  • the nozzle 2 can be disposed perpendicular to the body 1. As shown in Fig. 2, the nozzle 2 can also be arranged obliquely with respect to the body 1, and the angle between the axis of the nozzle 2 and the axis of the body 1 is ⁇ , 75° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 90°.
  • the nozzles on the body 1 are mounted at least one set along the axial direction thereof, and each set is provided with at least one nozzle 2, and the nozzles 2 in each group are located on the same circumference.
  • the perforating liquid passes through the body cavity from the nozzle 2 to the downhole pipe sleeve.
  • the jet of the perforating liquid penetrates the pipe and shoots the ground layer, and shoots a hole. After the perforating liquid enters the bottom of the hole, the reverse direction is along the hole. The sidewall exits the tunnel and is splashed back toward the perforator.
  • the perforated liquid sprayed by the umbrella impacts the perforating liquid which is splashed back to the perforator and is guided to the side wall of the outer end of the nozzle 2, Into the curved flow guiding structure, along the side wall of the outer end of the nozzle 2, the bottom surface 6 of the groove 3 and the side wall 5, leave the groove 3.

Abstract

An anti-back-splashing sandblasting perforator, comprising a main body (1) and a nozzle (2). An outer wall of the main body (1) is provided with a groove (3), a central portion of the groove (3) is provided with a mounting hole (4), a side wall (5) of the groove (3) is inclined, the nozzle (2) is mounted within the mounting hole (4), and an outer end of the nozzle (2) protrudes from a bottom surface (6) of the groove (3). The anti-back-splashing sandblasting perforator has a simple structure and few parts and is easy to be processed and assembled. By providing the groove (3) and projection on the outer end of the nozzle (2), liquid splashed back forms a liquid diversion structure around the nozzle (2), when liquid splashed back splashes back on the perforator, liquid splashed back flows evenly in a timely manner, is avoided from forming a vortex within the groove (3), and is prevented from flowing within the groove (3) for a long time, thus reducing erosion to the perforator by the liquid splashed back and extending service life of the perforator.

Description

防返溅喷砂射孔器Anti-back splash blasting perforator 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种油气田作业设备，具体地说，是一种防返溅喷砂射孔器。The present invention relates to an oil and gas field operation device, and more particularly to an anti-backflow blasting perforating device.
背景技术Background technique
射孔作业是建立套管内与储层之间通道的常规作业方式，而水力喷砂射孔是射孔作业中用于油气井增产措施中常用的方法，射孔过程中，高压射孔液经过射孔枪，变成高速射流，压力能转换为动能，射穿套管、水泥环和近井地层，在井筒和储层间首先起建立流通通道。在射孔过程中，高速射流喷射到套管和地层内时，会返溅到射孔器以及射孔器上的喷嘴表面，在射孔器上冲蚀出伤痕，缩短使用寿命，延长射孔作业时间，严重的返溅和冲蚀会使射孔器在复杂的井下条件中断裂，造成井下事故。The perforating operation is a routine operation method for establishing a passage between the casing and the reservoir, and the hydraulic blasting perforating is a commonly used method for the stimulation of oil and gas wells in the perforating operation. During the perforating process, the high-pressure perforating liquid passes through The perforating gun becomes a high-speed jet, and the pressure energy is converted into kinetic energy. It shoots through the casing, the cement ring and the near-well formation, and first establishes a circulation passage between the wellbore and the reservoir. During the perforating process, when a high-speed jet is injected into the casing and the formation, it will splash back onto the surface of the nozzle on the perforator and the perforator, eroding the flaw on the perforator, shortening the service life and prolonging the perforation. Operating time, severe back splashing and erosion can cause the perforator to break in complex downhole conditions, causing downhole accidents.
针对上述问题，目前的射孔器都是通过增加覆盖部件或者增加涂层来解决返溅冲蚀的问题，但这些方式依然存在较大不足。覆盖部件增加了射孔器的零件数量，提高了射孔器的制造难度和成本，为了使其不阻碍水流喷射，还需要在其表面设置喷水孔，而喷水孔的设置以及覆盖部件的安装，增加了部件之间连接缝隙的数量，提高了喷水孔的密封难度，使射孔器的结构更加复杂，不利于安装和维修。涂层仅仅解决了一时的问题，但其寿命有限，当射孔器使用一段时间后，涂层被完全返溅冲蚀掉后，射孔器又将遭受到损坏。In view of the above problems, current perforators solve the problem of back splashing by adding cover parts or adding coatings, but these methods still have large deficiencies. The covering part increases the number of parts of the perforator, improves the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the perforator, and in order to make it not hinder the water jet, it is also necessary to provide a water spray hole on the surface thereof, and the arrangement of the water spray hole and the cover member The installation increases the number of joint gaps between the components, improves the sealing difficulty of the water spray holes, and makes the structure of the perforator more complicated, which is not conducive to installation and maintenance. The coating only solves the problem at one time, but its life is limited. When the perforator is used for a period of time, the perforator will be damaged again after the coating is completely splashed and eroded.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明针对上述现有技术的不足，设计了一种新的防返溅喷砂射孔器。The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, and a new anti-backlash blasting perforator is designed.
本发明的防返溅喷砂射孔器，包括本体和喷嘴，本体的外壁上设置有凹槽，凹槽的中部设置有安装孔，凹槽的侧壁倾斜，喷嘴安装在安装孔中，喷嘴的外端从凹槽的底面伸出。The anti-backflow blasting perforating device of the invention comprises a body and a nozzle, the outer wall of the body is provided with a groove, the middle portion of the groove is provided with a mounting hole, the side wall of the groove is inclined, and the nozzle is installed in the mounting hole, the nozzle The outer end protrudes from the bottom surface of the groove.
优选的是，安装孔的外端设置有阶梯槽，喷嘴的中部设置有环状凸缘，环状凸缘位于阶梯槽中。Preferably, the outer end of the mounting hole is provided with a stepped groove, and the middle portion of the nozzle is provided with an annular flange, and the annular flange is located in the stepped groove.
优选的是，喷嘴上套装有垫环和密封圈，垫环和密封圈位于环状凸缘与阶梯槽的台阶之间。Preferably, the nozzle is provided with a backing ring and a sealing ring, and the backing ring and the sealing ring are located between the annular flange and the step of the stepped groove.
优选的是，喷嘴的外端为方形或六角形的螺栓头。 Preferably, the outer end of the nozzle is a square or hexagonal bolt head.
优选的是，喷嘴的底部与安装孔通过螺纹连接。Preferably, the bottom of the nozzle is threadedly connected to the mounting hole.
优选的是，喷嘴的内端位于安装孔中。Preferably, the inner end of the nozzle is located in the mounting hole.
优选的是，凹槽的侧壁与底面之间的夹角为120°～160°。Preferably, the angle between the side wall and the bottom surface of the groove is 120° to 160°.
优选的是，凹槽的表面以及凹槽边缘的本体表面上都设置有耐磨涂层。Preferably, the surface of the groove and the surface of the body of the edge of the groove are provided with a wear resistant coating.
优选的是，喷嘴的轴线与本体的轴线之间的夹角为α，75°≤α≤90°。Preferably, the angle between the axis of the nozzle and the axis of the body is α, 75° ≤ α ≤ 90°.
优选的是，本体上的喷嘴沿着其轴线方向至少安装有一组，每组至少设置有一个喷嘴，每组中的喷嘴都位于同一圆周上。Preferably, the nozzles on the body are mounted at least one set along the axial direction thereof, and each set is provided with at least one nozzle, and the nozzles in each group are located on the same circumference.
本发明的有益效果是：防返溅喷砂射孔器结构简单，零部件少，易于加工和组装，通过设置的凹槽以及喷嘴外端的凸起，在喷嘴周围形成导流结构，使返溅液返溅到射孔器上时能够及时并较均匀流动，避免返溅液在凹槽内形成涡旋，防止返溅液长时间在凹槽内流动，减小返溅液对射孔器的冲蚀，提高了射孔器的使用寿命。The invention has the advantages that the anti-back splash blasting perforator has a simple structure, few parts, is easy to process and assemble, and forms a diversion structure around the nozzle through the provided groove and the protrusion at the outer end of the nozzle, so that the backflow is formed. When the liquid splashes on the perforator, it can flow in a timely and uniform manner, avoiding the formation of vortex in the groove by the back splashing liquid, preventing the back splashing liquid from flowing in the groove for a long time, and reducing the back splashing liquid to the perforator. Erosion improves the life of the perforator.
喷嘴设置凸缘并安装在阶梯槽中，使凸缘形成一个盘状结构，覆盖喷嘴与本体的连接处，垫环和密封圈装在环状凸缘与阶梯槽的台阶之间，避免射孔器的密封结构遭到冲蚀，保证了射孔器的密封性能，保持喷嘴射出的射孔液有足够的压力，保证了射孔器的射孔效果。The nozzle is provided with a flange and is installed in the stepped groove, so that the flange forms a disc-like structure covering the joint of the nozzle and the body, and the gasket ring and the sealing ring are installed between the annular flange and the step of the step groove to avoid perforation The sealing structure of the device is eroded to ensure the sealing performance of the perforator, and the perforating liquid sprayed by the nozzle has sufficient pressure to ensure the perforating effect of the perforator.
喷嘴的外端为方形或六角形的螺栓头，可通过扳手对喷嘴进行安装和拆卸，进一步降低了安装和维修难度。The outer end of the nozzle is a square or hexagonal bolt head. The nozzle can be installed and removed by a wrench, which further reduces the difficulty of installation and maintenance.
喷嘴与安装孔通过螺纹连接，螺纹结构不仅便于喷嘴的安装和拆卸，还可选用具有密封功能的螺纹结构，提高了射孔器的密封效果以及组装和维护的便利性。The nozzle is screwed to the mounting hole. The threaded structure not only facilitates the installation and removal of the nozzle, but also has a threaded structure with a sealing function, which improves the sealing effect of the perforator and the convenience of assembly and maintenance.
喷嘴的内端位于安装孔中，使喷嘴的内端与安装孔的内端平齐或者隐藏在安装孔的内部，防止喷嘴的内端裸露在本体的内腔中，避免在本体内腔中流动的高压射孔液冲蚀喷嘴的内端，减轻喷嘴内端的磨损，提高喷嘴的使用寿命。The inner end of the nozzle is located in the mounting hole, so that the inner end of the nozzle is flush with the inner end of the mounting hole or hidden inside the mounting hole, preventing the inner end of the nozzle from being exposed in the inner cavity of the body to avoid flowing in the body cavity The high-pressure perforating liquid erodes the inner end of the nozzle to reduce the wear of the inner end of the nozzle and improve the service life of the nozzle.
凹槽的侧壁倾斜并与底面之间呈120°～160°，使凹槽的侧壁能够平滑的将返溅液引导到凹槽外，防止返溅液在凹槽内形成涡流，避免返溅液长时间在凹槽内流动，减小冲蚀。The side wall of the groove is inclined and 120°-160° from the bottom surface, so that the side wall of the groove can smoothly guide the back splash liquid to the outside of the groove, preventing the back splashing liquid from forming a vortex in the groove, avoiding return The splashing fluid flows in the groove for a long time, reducing erosion.
凹槽的表面以及凹槽边缘的本体表面上都设置耐磨涂层，增加射孔器表面的抗冲蚀能力，与凹槽和喷嘴外端形成的弧形导流结构配合，使返溅液的冲蚀力分散和减弱，降低了耐磨涂层损耗速度，进一步提高了射孔器的使用寿命。The surface of the groove and the surface of the body of the groove are provided with a wear-resistant coating to increase the erosion resistance of the surface of the perforator, and cooperate with the groove and the curved guiding structure formed at the outer end of the nozzle to make the back splash The erosion force is dispersed and weakened, which reduces the wear rate of the wear-resistant coating and further improves the service life of the perforator.
喷嘴不仅可垂直于本体，也可以相对与本体倾斜设置，射孔液向上循环冲击返溅液，返溅一般对喷嘴上部的本体冲蚀相对较轻，对喷嘴下部的本体冲蚀较严重，倾斜设置是返溅液能够向上偏斜，使返溅液分布更均匀，减轻喷嘴下部本体处局部冲蚀严重的问题。 The nozzle can be perpendicular to the body or inclined relative to the body, and the perforating liquid circulates upward to impact the back splashing liquid. The back splash generally has a relatively light erosion on the upper part of the nozzle, and the body of the lower part of the nozzle is more severely eroded. The setting is that the back splashing liquid can be deflected upwards to make the back splashing liquid distribution more uniform, and the problem of partial erosion of the lower body of the nozzle is severely reduced.
喷嘴可在不同位置上设置多组，增大了喷嘴的分布面积，使射孔器可对更大范围的井下区域进行喷砂射孔作业，提高工作效率。每组喷孔分别位于主体不同位置的圆周上，使喷砂射孔出来的孔呈多层分布，分布均匀，渗油效果好。The nozzles can be arranged in multiple groups at different positions, which increases the distribution area of the nozzles, enabling the perforator to perform sandblasting perforation operations on a wider range of downhole areas, thereby improving work efficiency. Each set of spray holes is located on the circumference of different positions of the main body, so that the holes from the sandblasting perforations are distributed in multiple layers, the distribution is uniform, and the oil seepage effect is good.
附图说明DRAWINGS
附图1为本防返溅喷砂射孔器的结构图一。Figure 1 is a structural view of the anti-backflow blasting perforating device.
附图2为本防返溅喷砂射孔器的结构图二。Figure 2 is a structural view of the anti-backflow blasting perforator.
附图3为本防返溅喷砂射孔器的结构图三。Figure 3 is a third structural view of the anti-backflow blasting perforating device.
具体实施方式detailed description
本发明的防返溅喷砂射孔器，如图1至3所示，包括本体1和喷嘴2，喷嘴2可设置有多个。The anti-backlash blasting perforator of the present invention, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, comprises a body 1 and a nozzle 2, and the nozzle 2 may be provided in plurality.
本体1的外壁上设置有凹槽3，凹槽3的中部设置有安装孔4，喷嘴2都安装在对应凹槽3的安装孔4中。A groove 3 is provided on the outer wall of the body 1, and a central portion of the groove 3 is provided with a mounting hole 4, and the nozzle 2 is mounted in the mounting hole 4 of the corresponding groove 3.
凹槽3的侧壁5倾斜，与底面6之间呈120°～160°，喷嘴2的外端从凹槽3的底面6伸出，使喷嘴2外端侧壁、凹槽3的底面6和凹槽3的侧壁5形成一个导流结构。凹槽3的表面以及凹槽3边缘的本体1表面上都设置有耐磨涂层，喷嘴2的外端以及凸缘的外侧面等可能受到返溅液冲蚀的表面也可设置耐磨涂层，使导流结构的外表面上都有耐磨涂层，耐磨涂层为硬质合金粉末等耐磨材料。The side wall 5 of the recess 3 is inclined between 120 and 160 degrees from the bottom surface 6, and the outer end of the nozzle 2 protrudes from the bottom surface 6 of the recess 3 so that the outer end side wall of the nozzle 2 and the bottom surface 6 of the recess 3 The side wall 5 of the recess 3 forms a flow guiding structure. The surface of the groove 3 and the surface of the body 1 at the edge of the groove 3 are provided with a wear-resistant coating. The outer end of the nozzle 2 and the outer side of the flange may be provided with a wear-resistant coating on the surface which may be eroded by the splashing liquid. The layer has an abrasion-resistant coating on the outer surface of the flow guiding structure, and the wear-resistant coating is a wear-resistant material such as a cemented carbide powder.
喷嘴2的底部与安装孔4通过螺纹连接，喷嘴2的外端为方形或六角形的螺栓头，便于通过扳手旋转喷嘴2，将喷嘴2装入到安装孔4中或者从安装孔4中拆下。The bottom of the nozzle 2 is screwed to the mounting hole 4, and the outer end of the nozzle 2 is a square or hexagonal bolt head, which facilitates rotating the nozzle 2 by a wrench, loading the nozzle 2 into the mounting hole 4 or disassembling it from the mounting hole 4. under.
安装孔4的外端设置有阶梯槽7，喷嘴2的中部设置的环状凸缘8位于阶梯槽7中，喷嘴2上套装的垫环9和密封圈10也都位于环状凸缘8与阶梯槽7的台阶之间。The outer end of the mounting hole 4 is provided with a stepped groove 7, and the annular flange 8 provided in the middle of the nozzle 2 is located in the stepped groove 7, and the gasket ring 9 and the sealing ring 10 which are fitted on the nozzle 2 are also located at the annular flange 8 and Between the steps of the stepped groove 7.
喷嘴2的内端位于安装孔4中，避免本体1内腔中射孔液冲蚀喷嘴2的内端。The inner end of the nozzle 2 is located in the mounting hole 4 to prevent the perforating liquid in the inner cavity of the body 1 from eroding the inner end of the nozzle 2.
如图1所示，喷嘴2可相对于本体1垂直设置。如图2所示，喷嘴2也可相对于本体1倾斜设置，喷嘴2的轴线与本体1的轴线之间的夹角为α，75°≤α≤90°。As shown in FIG. 1, the nozzle 2 can be disposed perpendicular to the body 1. As shown in Fig. 2, the nozzle 2 can also be arranged obliquely with respect to the body 1, and the angle between the axis of the nozzle 2 and the axis of the body 1 is α, 75° ≤ α ≤ 90°.
如图3所示，本体1上的喷嘴沿着其轴线方向至少安装有一组，每组至少设置有一个喷嘴2，每组中的喷嘴2都位于同一圆周上。 As shown in Fig. 3, the nozzles on the body 1 are mounted at least one set along the axial direction thereof, and each set is provided with at least one nozzle 2, and the nozzles 2 in each group are located on the same circumference.
射孔液通过本体内腔从喷嘴2向井下的管套，射孔液的射流击穿管道并射开地层，射开出一个孔道，射孔液进入到孔道底部后，反向沿着孔道的侧壁离开孔道，返溅向射孔器。The perforating liquid passes through the body cavity from the nozzle 2 to the downhole pipe sleeve. The jet of the perforating liquid penetrates the pipe and shoots the ground layer, and shoots a hole. After the perforating liquid enters the bottom of the hole, the reverse direction is along the hole. The sidewall exits the tunnel and is splashed back toward the perforator.
由于从喷嘴2的喷孔边缘喷出的射孔液呈伞状喷射，这些呈伞状喷射的射孔液冲击返溅向射孔器的射孔液，并引导向喷嘴2外端的侧壁，进入到弧形的导流结构，沿着喷嘴2外端的侧壁、凹槽3的底面6和侧壁5，离开凹槽3。 Since the perforating liquid ejected from the edge of the nozzle hole of the nozzle 2 is sprayed in an umbrella shape, the perforated liquid sprayed by the umbrella impacts the perforating liquid which is splashed back to the perforator and is guided to the side wall of the outer end of the nozzle 2, Into the curved flow guiding structure, along the side wall of the outer end of the nozzle 2, the bottom surface 6 of the groove 3 and the side wall 5, leave the groove 3.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种防返溅喷砂射孔器，包括本体(1)和喷嘴(2)，其特征在于，本体(1)的外壁上设置有凹槽(3)，凹槽(3)的中部设置有安装孔(4)，凹槽(3)的侧壁(5)倾斜，喷嘴(2)安装在安装孔(4)中，喷嘴(2)的外端从凹槽(3)的底面(6)伸出。An anti-backflow blasting perforating device comprises a body (1) and a nozzle (2), wherein the outer wall of the body (1) is provided with a groove (3), and a central portion of the groove (3) is provided Mounting hole (4), the side wall (5) of the groove (3) is inclined, the nozzle (2) is installed in the mounting hole (4), and the outer end of the nozzle (2) is from the bottom surface of the groove (3) (6) Extend.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防返溅喷砂射孔器，其特征在于，安装孔(4)的外端设置有阶梯槽(7)，喷嘴(2)的中部设置有环状凸缘(8)，环状凸缘(8)位于阶梯槽(7)中。The anti-backlash blasting perforator according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer end of the mounting hole (4) is provided with a stepped groove (7), and the middle portion of the nozzle (2) is provided with an annular flange (8). The annular flange (8) is located in the stepped groove (7).
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的防返溅喷砂射孔器，其特征在于，喷嘴(2)上套装有垫环(9)和密封圈(10)，垫环(9)和密封圈(10)位于环状凸缘(8)与阶梯槽(7)的台阶之间。The anti-backlash blasting perforator according to claim 2, characterized in that the nozzle (2) is provided with a backing ring (9) and a sealing ring (10), a backing ring (9) and a sealing ring (10) Located between the annular flange (8) and the step of the stepped groove (7).
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的防返溅喷砂射孔器，其特征在于，喷嘴(2)的外端为方形或六角形的螺栓头。The anti-backlash blasting perforator according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer end of the nozzle (2) is a square or hexagonal bolt head.
  5. 根据权利要求1或4所述的防返溅喷砂射孔器，其特征在于，喷嘴(2)的底部与安装孔(4)通过螺纹连接。The anti-backlash blasting perforator according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the bottom of the nozzle (2) is screwed to the mounting hole (4).
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的防返溅喷砂射孔器，其特征在于，喷嘴(2)的内端位于安装孔(4)中。The anti-backlash blasting perforator according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner end of the nozzle (2) is located in the mounting hole (4).
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的防返溅喷砂射孔器，其特征在于，凹槽(3)的侧壁(5)与底面(6)之间的夹角为120°～160°。The anti-backlash blasting perforator according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle between the side wall (5) of the groove (3) and the bottom surface (6) is 120° to 160°.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的防返溅喷砂射孔器，其特征在于，凹槽(3)的表面以及凹槽(3)边缘的本体(1)表面上都设置有耐磨涂层。The anti-backlash blasting perforator according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the recess (3) and the surface of the body (1) at the edge of the recess (3) are provided with a wear-resistant coating.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的防返溅喷砂射孔器，其特征在于，喷嘴(2)的轴线与本体(1)的轴线之间的夹角为α，75°≤α≤90°。The anti-backlash blasting perforator according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle between the axis of the nozzle (2) and the axis of the body (1) is α, 75° ≤ α ≤ 90°.
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的防返溅喷砂射孔器，其特征在于，本体(1)上的喷嘴沿着其轴线方向至少安装有一组，每组至少设置有一个喷嘴(2)，每组中的喷嘴(2)都位于同一圆周上。 The anti-backlash blasting perforator according to claim 1, wherein the nozzles on the body (1) are installed at least one group along the axial direction thereof, and each group is provided with at least one nozzle (2), each group The nozzles (2) in the middle are all on the same circumference.
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