WO2016106697A1 - 双频天线和天线系统 - Google Patents

双频天线和天线系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016106697A1
WO2016106697A1 PCT/CN2014/095935 CN2014095935W WO2016106697A1 WO 2016106697 A1 WO2016106697 A1 WO 2016106697A1 CN 2014095935 W CN2014095935 W CN 2014095935W WO 2016106697 A1 WO2016106697 A1 WO 2016106697A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phase shifter
antenna
signal
combiner
plate
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PCT/CN2014/095935
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘红波
蒋兴勇
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深圳市大富科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市大富科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市大富科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2014/095935 priority Critical patent/WO2016106697A1/zh
Priority to CN201480083262.7A priority patent/CN107004954B/zh
Publication of WO2016106697A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016106697A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a dual frequency antenna and an antenna system.
  • the high-band frequency is mainly concentrated in the frequency range of 1700 MHz to 2700 MHz.
  • the conventional method is to change the size of the original antenna, and add an antenna on the original antenna size substrate so that the two antennas do not interfere with each other and can be used independently of each other, but this will inevitably increase the construction of the base station.
  • the cost, and the site of the base station must also have the antenna space.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a dual-frequency antenna and an antenna system capable of receiving or transmitting signals of two different frequency bands, thereby effectively reducing design cost.
  • a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a dual-frequency antenna including: a reflector; an antenna radiating unit on one side of the reflector; and a first phase shifter on the other side of the reflector a second phase shifter and a combiner; one end of the combiner is electrically connected to the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter, respectively, and the other end of the combiner is electrically connected to the antenna radiating unit respectively; wherein, the first shift The phase device is configured to receive the first signal of the first radio frequency band, and adjust the phase shift amount of the first signal according to the requirement of the first radio frequency band for the downtilt angle; the second phase shifter is configured to receive the second signal of the second radio frequency band, And adjusting a phase shift amount of the second signal according to a requirement of a downward tilt angle of the second radio frequency band, wherein the second radio frequency band is higher than the first radio frequency band; the combiner is configured to receive the first signal adjusted by the first phase shifter and The second
  • the combiner comprises a PCB board and a low frequency shunt circuit, a high frequency shunt circuit and a high and low frequency combining circuit on the PCB board, the low frequency shunt circuit is electrically connected with the first phase shifter, and the high frequency combining circuit and The second phase shifter is electrically connected, and the high and low frequency combining circuit and the antenna radiating unit are electrically connected.
  • a metal shielding plate is arranged between the combiner and the reflecting plate, and the grounding surface of the PCB board is welded on the metal shielding plate.
  • the combiner is electrically connected to the antenna radiating unit, the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter through a coaxial cable, and a support plate is arranged around the metal shield plate, and a support hole is opened on the support plate.
  • the shaft cable passes through and is welded into the support hole.
  • the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter respectively comprise a chip-shaped power splitter and a dielectric block sandwiched on both sides of the power splitter, and the dielectric block can slide relative to the power splitter.
  • the reflector comprises a bottom plate and side plates at both ends of the bottom plate in the width direction.
  • the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter are respectively mounted on the side plates on both sides, and the combiner is disposed on both ends of the bottom plate in the width direction. .
  • the side plate is stepped in a direction perpendicular to the bottom plate, and the side plate includes a first side plate adjacent to the bottom plate, a second side plate away from the bottom plate, and a step plate connecting the first side plate and the second side plate.
  • pitch range adjacent antenna radiating elements is 0.85 ⁇ 1 -0.95 ⁇ 1
  • ⁇ 1 is the wavelength of the highest frequency of the second radio frequency band.
  • the width of the base plate is 0.8 ⁇ 1 -0.9 ⁇ 1
  • the total width of the base plate and the step plate is 0.8 ⁇ 2 -0.95 ⁇ 2
  • the height range of the second side plate is 0.2 ⁇ 3 -0.3 ⁇ 3
  • the first The height of the side plate portion is half of the height of the second side plate
  • ⁇ 2 is the wavelength of the lowest frequency of the first predetermined frequency band
  • ⁇ 3 is half of the sum of ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 .
  • a partition is arranged between adjacent antenna radiating elements.
  • the partition plate includes a first locking portion and a second locking portion.
  • the first locking portion is disposed on the bottom plate, and the second locking portion is locked on the step plate.
  • the width of the first locking portion is equal to the width of the bottom plate
  • the height of the first locking portion is equal to the height of the first side plate
  • the width of the second locking portion is equal to the total width of the bottom plate and the step plate.
  • the frequency range of the first preset frequency band is 1710-2170MHZ, and the frequency range of the second preset frequency band is 2500-2690MHZ.
  • the phase shifter is designed in the form of a strip line.
  • the antenna system includes a dual-frequency antenna, the dual-frequency antenna includes: a reflector; an antenna radiating unit on one side of the reflector; a first phase shifter, a second phase shifter and a combiner on the other side of the reflector; One end of the combiner is electrically connected to the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter, respectively, and the other end of the combiner is electrically connected to the antenna radiating unit respectively; wherein the first phase shifter is configured to receive the first radio frequency band a signal, and adjusting a phase shift amount of the first signal according to a requirement of a downtilt angle of the first radio frequency band; a second phase shifter for receiving a second signal of the second radio frequency band, and according to the second radio frequency band, the downtilt angle Required to adjust a phase shift amount of the second signal, wherein the second radio frequency band is higher than the first radio frequency band; the combiner is configured to receive the
  • the combiner comprises a PCB board and a low frequency shunt circuit, a high frequency shunt circuit and a high and low frequency combining circuit on the PCB board, the low frequency shunt circuit is electrically connected with the first phase shifter, and the high frequency combining circuit and The second phase shifter is electrically connected, and the high and low frequency combining circuit and the antenna radiating unit are electrically connected.
  • a metal shielding plate is arranged between the combiner and the reflecting plate, and the grounding surface of the PCB board is welded on the metal shielding plate.
  • the combiner is electrically connected to the antenna radiating unit, the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter through a coaxial cable, and a support plate is arranged around the metal shield plate, and a support hole is opened on the support plate.
  • the shaft cable passes through and is welded into the support hole.
  • pitch range adjacent antenna radiating elements is 0.85 ⁇ 1 -0.95 ⁇ 1
  • ⁇ 1 is the wavelength of the highest frequency of the second radio frequency band.
  • the width of the base plate is 0.8 ⁇ 1 -0.9 ⁇ 1
  • the total width of the base plate and the step plate is 0.8 ⁇ 2 -0.95 ⁇ 2
  • the height range of the second side plate is 0.2 ⁇ 3 -0.3 ⁇ 3
  • the first The height of the side plate portion is half of the height of the second side plate
  • ⁇ 2 is the wavelength of the lowest frequency of the first predetermined frequency band
  • ⁇ 3 is half of the sum of ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 .
  • the first phase shifter of the dual-frequency antenna of the present invention is configured to receive the first signal of the first radio frequency band, and according to the requirement of the first radio frequency band for the downtilt angle, Adjusting the phase shift amount of the first signal, the second phase shifter is configured to receive the second signal of the second radio frequency band, and adjust the phase shift amount of the second signal according to the requirement of the second radio frequency band for the downtilt angle, and the combiner is used for Receiving the first signal adjusted by the first phase shifter and the second signal adjusted by the second phase shifter, and combining the first signal and the second signal to the antenna radiating unit, and the antenna radiating unit is configured to receive and Transmitting the adjusted first signal and the second signal input by the combiner, in the above manner, the dual-frequency antenna of the present invention is Without changing the size of the antenna, a small power low-cost combiner is added to the signal separation inside the dual-band antenna, and different phase-phase phase shifters are used to realize different
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a dual-frequency antenna of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a dual band antenna of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an antenna radiating unit of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a reflector of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a combiner of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of a phase shifter of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the separator of the present invention.
  • the invention discloses an antenna system, which comprises a dual frequency antenna.
  • the dual-frequency antenna includes a reflecting plate 11, an antenna radiating unit 12, a partition 13, a combiner 14, a cable 15, a first phase shifter 16, and a second phase shifter 17.
  • the first phase shifter 16 is configured to receive the first signal of the first radio frequency band, and adjust the phase shift amount of the first signal according to the requirement of the first radio frequency band for the downtilt angle.
  • the second phase shifter 17 is configured to receive the second signal of the second radio frequency band, and adjust the phase shift amount of the second signal according to the requirement of the second radio frequency band for the downtilt angle.
  • the combiner 14 is configured to receive the first signal adjusted by the first phase shifter 16 and the second signal adjusted by the second phase shifter 17, and combine the adjusted first signal and the adjusted second signal It is then sent to the antenna radiating element 12.
  • the antenna radiating unit 12 is configured to receive and transmit the adjusted first signal and the second signal input by the combiner 14.
  • the second RF band is higher than the first RF band, the frequency range of the first RF band is 1710-2170 MHz, and the frequency range of the second RF band is 2500-2690 MHz. It should be understood that the frequency ranges of the first radio frequency band and the second radio frequency band may also be other frequency bands, which need to be determined according to actual conditions.
  • the edge height of the reflecting plate 11 is twice bent to form a reflecting cavity.
  • the reflecting plate 11 includes a bottom plate 111 and side plates at both ends of the bottom plate 111 in the width direction, and the side plates are stepped in the direction of the vertical bottom plate 111.
  • the side panel includes a first side panel 112 adjacent to the bottom plate 111, a second side panel 114 remote from the bottom panel 111, and a stepped panel 113 connecting the first side panel 112 and the second side panel 114.
  • a first reflective cavity is formed between the bottom plate 111 and the first side plate 112 to achieve a second preset frequency The segment's signal is received or transmitted.
  • a second reflective cavity is formed between the bottom plate 111, the first side plate 112, the stepped plate 113, and the second side plate 114 to receive or transmit signals of the first radio frequency band.
  • the range of the width W1 of the base plate 111 is 0.8 ⁇ 1 -0.9 ⁇ 1, ⁇ 1 is the wavelength of the highest frequency of the second radio frequency band.
  • the total range of the width W2 113 of bottom plate 111 and the step plate 0.8 ⁇ 2 -0.95 ⁇ 2, ⁇ 2 is the wavelength at the lowest frequency of the first RF frequency band.
  • the height H2 of the second side plate 114 ranges from 0.2 ⁇ 3 to 0.3 ⁇ 3
  • the height H1 of the first side plate 112 is half the height of the second side plate 114
  • ⁇ 3 is half the sum of ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 .
  • the antenna radiating unit 12 includes unit vibrators arranged in a cross, and the unit vibrators are broadband dual-polarized dipoles.
  • the broadband dual-polarization dipole is designed in the form of an ultra-wideband cross-wave dipole.
  • the arms of the unit vibrator are cross-shaped, and the opposite two arms constitute a polarization, which is arranged in a polarization of plus or minus 45 degrees.
  • the user can set the design mode of the broadband dual-polarization dipole according to the actual situation.
  • the spacing of adjacent antenna radiating elements 12 ranges from 0.85 ⁇ 1 to 0.95 ⁇ 1 . It should be understood that the spacing of adjacent antenna radiating elements 12 is the distance between the center points of antenna radiating elements 12.
  • a partition 13 is provided between adjacent antenna radiating elements 12.
  • a partition 13 is disposed between adjacent antenna radiating elements 12 to adjust the isolation index and the cross polarization index. It should be understood that in this embodiment, at least one partition 13 is disposed between adjacent antenna radiating units 12, and the number of the partitions 13 can be set according to actual needs.
  • the partition plate 13 includes a first latching portion 131 and a second latching portion 132. The first latching portion 131 is disposed on the bottom plate 111, and the second latching portion 132 is seated on the stepped plate 113.
  • the width of the first latching portion 131 is equal to the width W1 of the bottom plate 111 such that the first latching portion 131 is vertically inserted on the bottom plate 111.
  • the height of the first latching portion 131 is equal to the height H1 of the first side plate 112, and the width of the second latching portion 132 is equal to the total width H2 of the bottom plate 111 and the stepped plate 113.
  • the combiner 14 is located on the other side of the reflector 11, and the combiner 14 is disposed at both ends of the bottom plate 111 in the width direction, that is, the combiner 14 is disposed on the side plates at both ends of the bottom plate 111. It should be understood that in other embodiments, the combiner 14 may also be disposed on both ends of the bottom plate 111 in the length direction. One end of the combiner 14 is electrically connected to the first phase shifter 16 and the second phase shifter 17, respectively, and the other end of the combiner 14 is electrically connected to the antenna radiating unit 12, respectively.
  • the combiner 14 includes a PCB board 141 and a low frequency located on the PCB board 141
  • the shunt circuit 142, the high frequency shunt circuit 143, and the high and low frequency combining circuit 144 are electrically connected to the first phase shifter 16, the high frequency combining circuit 143 is electrically connected to the second phase shifter 17, and the high and low frequency combining circuit 144 is electrically connected to the antenna radiating unit 12.
  • a metal shield plate 147 is disposed between the combiner 14 and the reflector 11, and the ground plane of the PCB board 141 is soldered to the metal shield plate 147.
  • a support plate 145 is disposed around the metal shield plate 147, and a support hole 146 is defined in the support plate 145.
  • the metal shield plate 147 is formed by processing a sheet metal having a thickness of 1 mm, which ensures the strength of the PCB board 141 and prevents deformation of the PCB board 141 during vibration.
  • the low frequency shunt circuit 142 and the high and low frequency combining circuit 144 Since the three microstrip circuits of the low frequency shunt circuit 142, the high frequency shunt circuit 143 and the high and low frequency combining circuit 144 generate a certain radiation while transmitting the signal, the low frequency shunt circuit 142 and the high frequency shunt are easily reduced.
  • the impedance bandwidth between circuit 143 and high and low frequency combining circuit 144 In order to solve the problem of the impedance bandwidth between the low frequency shunt circuit 142, the high frequency shunt circuit 143 and the high and low frequency combining circuit 144, it is necessary to vacate at least 3 times the width of the microstrip circuit in the periphery of the microstrip circuit, but this will Increase the volume of the combiner 14.
  • the present invention shields the low frequency shunt circuit 142 through the metal shield plate 147 by providing a metal shield plate 147 electrically connected to the ground of the low frequency shunt circuit 142, the high frequency shunt circuit 143 and the high and low frequency shunt circuit 144, and the high frequency is divided.
  • the radiation generated by the circuit 143 and the high and low frequency combining circuit 144 can increase the impedance bandwidth between the low frequency shunt circuit 142, the high frequency shunt circuit 143, and the high and low frequency combining circuit 144, so that the low frequency shunt circuit 142 is high.
  • the distance between the frequency shunt circuit 143 and the high and low frequency combining circuit 144 and the edge of the PCB board 141 can be reduced to a distance of one microstrip circuit width, thereby effectively reducing the volume of the combiner 14.
  • the combiner 14 is electrically connected to the antenna radiating unit 12, the first phase shifter 16, and the second phase shifter 17, respectively, through a coaxial cable 15, and the coaxial cable 15 is passed through and soldered to the support. Inside the hole 146.
  • each of the combiners 14 is connected to the two antenna radiating elements 12 via the coaxial cable 15, respectively.
  • the present embodiment includes five combiners 14, each of which is coupled to ten antenna radiating elements 12. It should be understood that the present embodiment includes at least five combiners 14, and the number of combiners 14 is based on actual conditions.
  • the first phase shifter 16 and the second phase shifter 17 are located on the other side of the reflecting plate 11, that is, the first phase shifter 16 and the second phase shifter 17 and the combiner 14 are disposed on the same side of the reflecting plate 11. .
  • the first phase shifter 16 and the second phase shifter 17 are respectively mounted on the side plates on both sides, that is, the first phase shifter 16 and the second phase shifter 17 are mounted on the step plates 113, respectively. It should be understood that in other embodiments, the first phase shifter 16 and the second phase shifter 17 can also be disposed on the bottom plate 111.
  • the first phase shifter 16 and the second phase shifter 17 respectively include a sheet-shaped power splitter 161 (171) and a dielectric block 162 (172) interposed on both sides of the power splitter 161 (171).
  • the dielectric block 162 (172) is slidable relative to the power divider 161 (171).
  • the first phase shifter 16 and the second phase shifter 17 are respectively designed in the form of a strip line, and the phase change is achieved by covering the lateral movement of the lower two layers of the medium on the strip line.
  • the first phase shifter 16 and the second phase shifter 17 input the first signal and the second signal from the input ports 151, 152, respectively, and divide the first signal and the second signal into five signals to be sent to the combiner 14. .
  • the dual-frequency antenna of the present invention increases the signal separation of the low-power and low-cost combiner in the dual-frequency antenna without changing the antenna size, wherein the combiner internal setting and the low-frequency shunt circuit,
  • the high-frequency shunt circuit and the high-low frequency combined circuit grounding electrical connection metal shield plate, through the metal shielding plate shielding the low-frequency shunt circuit, the high-frequency shunt circuit and the high-low frequency combined circuit to generate radiation can improve the low-frequency shunt
  • the impedance bandwidth between the circuit, the high frequency shunt circuit and the high and low frequency combining circuit so that the distance between the low frequency shunt circuit, the high frequency shunt circuit and the high and low frequency combining circuit and the edge of the PCB can be reduced to double the microstrip circuit
  • the distance of the width thereby effectively reducing the volume of the combiner, can achieve dual-band antenna communication in two mode bands, and can reduce the design cost.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种双频天线，其第一移相器用于接收第一射频频段的第一信号，并根据第一射频频段对下倾角的要求，调节第一信号的相移量；第二移相器用于接收第二射频频段的第二信号，并根据第二射频频段对下倾角的要求，调节第二信号的相移量；合路器用于接收第一移相器调节后的第一信号和第二移相器调节后的第二信号，并将第一信号和第二信号合路后发送给天线辐射单元；天线辐射单元用于接收并发射合路器输入的调节后的第一信号和第二信号。本发明还公开一种天线系统。通过上述方式，本发明的双频天线能够接收或发射两种不同频段的信号，有效降低设计成本。

Description

双频天线和天线系统 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，特别是涉及一种双频天线和天线系统。
背景技术
在多制式的移动通信领域中，高频段频率主要集中在1700MHZ至2700MHZ的频率范围内，为了使天线产品产生良好的效益，这就需要天线产品尽量做到宽频带，以满足不同频率不同客户的需求。
现有的天线受限于天线辐射单元的带宽和方向图带宽，因此天线只能在相对窄的频段内工作。在常规的天线中，为了实现信号的分离，给天线加外置合路器，但是，在整个频段内天线的性能指标是一致的，倾角具有关联性，如天线调整到频段1是几度，则在频段2也是几度。因此这样就对天线后期的网络优化使用有局限性。现有技术中要解决此问题，常规的做法就是改变原天线的尺寸，在原天线的尺寸基材上再增加一面天线，使得两面天线互不干涉，可以独立互相使用，但是这样势必增加了建设基站的成本，且基站的站点也必须要有架设天线空间。
综上所述，有必要提供一种双频天线和天线系统以解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种双频天线和天线系统，该双频天线能够接收或发射两种不同频段的信号，有效降低设计成本。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种双频天线，其包括：反射板；位于反射板一侧的天线辐射单元；位于反射板另一侧的第一移相器、第二移相器和合路器；合路器的一端分别与第一移相器和第二移相器电连接，合路器的另一端分别与天线辐射单元电连接；其中，第一移相器用于接收第一射频频段的第一信号，并根据第一射频频段对下倾角的要求，调节第一信号的相移量；第二移相器用于接收第二射频频段的第二信号，并根据第二射频频段对下倾角的要求，调节第二信号的相移量，其中第二射频频段比第一射频频段高；合路器用于接收第一移相器调节后的第一信号和第二移相器调节后的第二信号，并将调节后的第一信号和调节后的第二信号合路后发送给天线 辐射单元；天线辐射单元用于接收并发射合路器输入的调节后的第一信号和第二信号。
其中，合路器包括PCB板以及位于PCB板上的低频分路电路、高频分路电路和高低频合路电路，低频分路电路与第一移相器电连接，高频合路电路与第二移相器电连接，高低频合路电路和天线辐射单元电连接。
其中，合路器和反射板之间设置金属屏蔽板，PCB板接地面焊接在金属屏蔽板上。
其中，合路器分别与天线辐射单元、第一移相器和第二移相器之间通过同轴电缆电连接，金属屏蔽板的周围设有支撑板，支撑板上开设有支撑孔，同轴电缆穿过并焊接于支撑孔内。
其中，第一移相器和第二移相器分别包括片状的功分器和夹设在功分器两侧的介质块，介质块可相对功分器滑动。
其中，反射板包括底板和位于底板沿宽度方向两端的侧板，第一移相器和第二移相器分别安装在两侧的侧板上，合路器设置于底板沿宽度方向的两端。
其中，侧板沿垂直底板的方向呈阶梯状，侧板包括靠近底板的第一侧板、远离底板的第二侧板以及连接第一侧板和第二侧板的阶梯板。
其中，相邻的天线辐射单元的间距取值范围为0.85λ1-0.95λ1，λ1为第二射频频段的最高频率的波长。
其中，底板的宽度范围为0.8λ1-0.9λ1，底板和阶梯板的总宽度范围为0.8λ2-0.95λ2，第二侧板的高度范围为0.2λ3-0.3λ3，第一侧板部的高度为第二侧板的高度的一半，λ2为第一预设频段的最低频率的波长，λ3为λ1与λ2的和的一半。
其中，相邻的天线辐射单元之间设有隔板。
其中，隔板包括第一卡置部和第二卡置部，第一卡置部设置在底板上，第二卡置部卡置在阶梯板上。
其中，第一卡置部的宽度与底板的宽度相等，第一卡置部的高度与第一侧板的高度相等，第二卡置部的宽度与底板和阶梯板的总宽度相等。
其中，第一预设频段的频率范围为1710-2170MHZ，第二预设频段的频率范围为2500-2690MHZ。
其中，移相器采用带状线形式设计。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的另一个技术方案是：提供一种天线系 统，改天线系统包括双频天线，双频天线包括：反射板；位于反射板一侧的天线辐射单元；位于反射板另一侧的第一移相器、第二移相器和合路器；合路器的一端分别与第一移相器和第二移相器电连接，合路器的另一端分别与天线辐射单元电连接；其中，第一移相器用于接收第一射频频段的第一信号，并根据第一射频频段对下倾角的要求，调节第一信号的相移量；第二移相器用于接收第二射频频段的第二信号，并根据第二射频频段对下倾角的要求，调节第二信号的相移量，其中第二射频频段比第一射频频段高；合路器用于接收第一移相器调节后的第一信号和第二移相器调节后的第二信号，并将调节后的第一信号和调节后的第二信号合路后发送给天线辐射单元；天线辐射单元用于接收并发射合路器输入的调节后的第一信号和第二信号。
其中，合路器包括PCB板以及位于PCB板上的低频分路电路、高频分路电路和高低频合路电路，低频分路电路与第一移相器电连接，高频合路电路与第二移相器电连接，高低频合路电路和天线辐射单元电连接。
其中，合路器和反射板之间设置金属屏蔽板，PCB板接地面焊接在金属屏蔽板上。
其中，合路器分别与天线辐射单元、第一移相器和第二移相器之间通过同轴电缆电连接，金属屏蔽板的周围设有支撑板，支撑板上开设有支撑孔，同轴电缆穿过并焊接于支撑孔内。
其中，相邻的天线辐射单元的间距取值范围为0.85λ1-0.95λ1，λ1为第二射频频段的最高频率的波长。
其中，底板的宽度范围为0.8λ1-0.9λ1，底板和阶梯板的总宽度范围为0.8λ2-0.95λ2，第二侧板的高度范围为0.2λ3-0.3λ3，第一侧板部的高度为第二侧板的高度的一半，λ2为第一预设频段的最低频率的波长，λ3为λ1与λ2的和的一半。
本发明的有益效果是：区别于现有技术的情况，本发明的双频天线的第一移相器用于接收第一射频频段的第一信号，并根据第一射频频段对下倾角的要求，调节第一信号的相移量，第二移相器用于接收第二射频频段的第二信号，并根据第二射频频段对下倾角的要求，调节第二信号的相移量，合路器用于接收第一移相器调节后的第一信号和第二移相器调节后的第二信号，并将第一信号和第二信号合路后发送给天线辐射单元，天线辐射单元用于接收并发射合路器输入的调节后的第一信号和第二信号，通过上述方式，本发明的双频天线在 不改变天线尺寸的情况下，在双频天线内部增加小功率低成本的合路器对信号分离，并由不同幅度相位的移相器实现双频天线不同的方向图赋性，使得双频天线可以同时在两个模式频带通信工作，能够有效降低设计成本。
附图说明
图1是本发明双频天线的立体结构示意图；
图2是本发明双频天线的结构的示意图；
图3是本发明天线辐射单元的结构示意图；
图4是本发明反射板的剖切示意图；
图5是本发明合路器的结构示意图；
图6是本发明移相器的结构示意图；
图7是本发明隔板的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明公开一种天线系统，该天线系统包括双频天线。如图1-图4所示，双频天线包括反射板11、天线辐射单元12、隔板13、合路器14、线缆15、第一移相器16和第二移相器17。第一移相器16用于接收第一射频频段的第一信号，并根据第一射频频段对下倾角的要求，调节第一信号的相移量。第二移相器17用于接收第二射频频段的第二信号，并根据第二射频频段对下倾角的要求，调节第二信号的相移量。合路器14用于接收第一移相器16调节后的第一信号和第二移相器17调节后的第二信号，并将调节后的第一信号和调节后的第二信号合路后发送给天线辐射单元12。天线辐射单元12用于接收并发射合路器14输入的调节后的第一信号和第二信号。其中第二射频频段比第一射频频段高，第一射频频段的频率范围为1710-2170MHZ，第二射频频段的频率范围为2500-2690MHZ。应理解，第一射频频段和第二射频频段的频率范围还可以是其他频段，具体需要根据实际情况而定。
反射板11的边缘边高采用两次折弯以形成反射腔。其中反射板11包括底板111和位于底板111沿宽度方向两端的侧板，侧板沿垂直底板111的方向呈阶梯状。具体而言，侧板包括靠近底板111的第一侧板112、远离底板111的第二侧板114以及连接第一侧板112和第二侧板114的阶梯板113。
其中，底板111和第一侧板112之间形成第一反射腔，以实现对第二预设频 段的信号进行接收或发射。底板111、第一侧板112、阶梯板113和第二侧板114之间形成第二反射腔，以实现对第一射频频段的信号进行接收或发射。
在本实施例中，底板111的宽度W1范围为0.8λ1-0.9λ1，λ1为第二射频频段的最高频率的波长。底板111和阶梯板113的总宽度W2范围为0.8λ2-0.95λ2，λ2为第一射频频段的最低频率的波长。第二侧板114的高度H2范围为0.2λ3-0.3λ3，第一侧板112的高度H1为第二侧板114的高度的一半，λ3为λ1与λ2的和的一半。
天线辐射单元12至少10个，天线辐射单元12间隔设置在反射板11一侧上。在本实施例中，天线辐射单元12包括交叉设置的单元振子，单元振子为宽频带双极化偶极子。优选地，宽频带双极化偶极子采用超宽频十字交叉半波偶极子形式设计。应理解，单元振子的臂成十字交差状，相对的两个臂构成一种极化，成正负45度极化排列。当然，用户可以根据实际情况而设置宽频带双极化偶极子的设计方式。
在本实施例中，相邻的天线辐射单元12的间距取值范围为0.85λ1-0.95λ1。应理解，相邻的天线辐射单元12的间距为天线辐射单元12的中心点之间的距离。
相邻的天线辐射单元12之间设有隔板13。隔板13设置在相邻的天线辐射单元12之间，以调整隔离度指标以及交叉极化指标。应理解，本实施例至少设置1个隔板13在相邻的天线辐射单元12之间，可以根据实际需要设置隔板13的数量。隔板13包括第一卡置部131和第二卡置部132，第一卡置部131设置在底板111上，第二卡置部132卡置在阶梯板113上。
在本实施例中，第一卡置部131的宽度与底板111的宽度W1相等，以使得第一卡置部131垂直插设在底板111上。第一卡置部131的高度与第一侧板112的高度H1相等，第二卡置部132的宽度与底板111和阶梯板113的总宽度H2相等。
合路器14位于反射板11另一侧上，且合路器14设置于底板111沿宽度方向的两端，即合路器14设置在底板111两端的侧板上。应理解，在其他实施例中，合路器14还可以设置于底板111沿长度方向的两端上。合路器14的一端分别与第一移相器16和第二移相器17电连接，合路器14的另一端分别与天线辐射单元12电连接。合路器14包括PCB板141以及位于PCB板141上的低频 分路电路142、高频分路电路143和高低频合路电路144。低频分路电路142与第一移相器16电连接，高频合路电路143与第二移相器17电连接，高低频合路电路144和天线辐射单元12电连接。
另外，合路器14和反射板11之间设置金属屏蔽板147，PCB板141接地面焊接在金属屏蔽板147上。金属屏蔽板147的周围设有支撑板145，支撑板145上开设有支撑孔146。在本实施例中，金属屏蔽板147用1mm厚度的钣金加工形成，这样就保证了PCB板141的强度，防止在震动中PCB板141变形。
由于低频分路电路142、高频分路电路143和高低频合路电路144这三个微带电路在传输信号的同时会对外产生一定的辐射，容易降低低频分路电路142、高频分路电路143和高低频合路电路144之间的阻抗带宽。为了解决低频分路电路142，高频分路电路143和高低频合路电路144之间的阻抗带宽问题，必须在微带电路的外周空出至少3倍微带电路宽度的距离，但这样会增加合路器14的体积。然而，本发明通过设置与低频分路电路142、高频分路电路143和高低频合路电路144接地电连接的金属屏蔽板147，通过金属屏蔽板147屏蔽低频分路电路142，高频分路电路143和高低频合路电路144所产生的辐射，能够提高低频分路电路142、高频分路电路143和高低频合路电路144之间的阻抗带宽，使得低频分路电路142、高频分路电路143和高低频合路电路144与PCB板141边缘的距离可以缩小到一倍微带电路宽度的距离，从而有效降低合路器14的体积空间。
在本实施例中，合路器14分别与天线辐射单元12、第一移相器16和第二移相器17之间通过同轴电缆15电连接，同轴电缆15穿过并焊接于支撑孔146内。
合路器14的功率小，合路器14主要作用是将宽频信号进行分离，使两个信号彼此间无关联性。在本实施例中，每1个合路器14通过同轴电缆15分别与2个天线辐射单元12连接。本实施包括5个合路器14，5个合路器14分别与10个天线辐射单元12连接。应理解，本实施至少包括5个合路器14，合路器14的个数是根据实际情况而定的。
第一移相器16和第二移相器17位于反射板11另一侧上，即第一移相器16和第二移相器17与合路器14设置在反射板11的同一侧上。第一移相器16和第二移相器17分别安装在两侧的侧板上，即第一移相器16和第二移相器17分别安装阶梯板113上。应理解，在其他实施例中，第一移相器16和第二移相器 17还可以设置于底板111上。第一移相器16和第二移相器17分别包括片状的功分器161(171)和夹设在功分器161(171)两侧的介质块162(172)。介质块162(172)可相对功分器161(171)滑动。
在本实施例中，第一移相器16和第二移相器17分别采用带状线形式设计，通过覆盖在带状线上下两层介质的横向移动，达到相位变化的目的。第一移相器16和第二移相器17分别由输入端口151、152输入第一信号和第二信号，并将第一信号和第二信号分成了5路信号发送至合路器14上。
综上所述，本发明的双频天线在不改变天线尺寸的情况下，在双频天线内部增加小功率低成本的合路器对信号分离，其中合路器内部设置与低频分路电路、高频分路电路和高低频合路电路接地电连接的金属屏蔽板，通过金属屏蔽板屏蔽低频分路电路、高频分路电路和高低频合路电路所产生的辐射，能够提高低频分路电路、高频分路电路和高低频合路电路之间的阻抗带宽，使得低频分路电路、高频分路电路和高低频合路电路与PCB板边缘的距离可以缩小到一倍微带电路宽度的距离，从而有效降低合路器的体积空间，即可以实现双频天线在两个模式频带通信工作，又能降低设计成本。
以上仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种双频天线，其中，所述双频天线包括：
    反射板；
    位于所述反射板一侧的天线辐射单元；
    位于所述反射板另一侧的第一移相器、第二移相器和合路器；所述合路器的一端分别与所述第一移相器和所述第二移相器电连接，所述合路器的另一端分别与所述天线辐射单元电连接；
    其中，所述第一移相器用于接收第一射频频段的第一信号，并根据所述第一射频频段对下倾角的要求，调节所述第一信号的相移量；
    所述第二移相器用于接收第二射频频段的第二信号，并根据所述第二射频频段对下倾角的要求，调节所述第二信号的相移量，其中所述第二射频频段比所述第一射频频段高；
    所述合路器用于接收所述第一移相器调节后的第一信号和所述第二移相器调节后的第二信号，并将调节后的所述第一信号和调节后的所述第二信号合路后发送给所述天线辐射单元；
    所述天线辐射单元用于接收并发射所述合路器输入的调节后的所述第一信号和所述第二信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的双频天线，其中，所述合路器包括PCB板以及位于PCB板上的低频分路电路、高频分路电路和高低频合路电路，所述低频分路电路与所述第一移相器电连接，所述高频合路电路与所述第二移相器电连接，所述高低频合路电路和所述天线辐射单元电连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的双频天线，其中，所述合路器和所述反射板之间设置金属屏蔽板，所述PCB板接地面焊接在所述金属屏蔽板上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的双频天线，其中，所述合路器分别与所述天线辐射单元、所述第一移相器和所述第二移相器之间通过所述同轴电缆电连接，所述金属屏蔽板的周围设有支撑板，所述支撑板上开设有支撑孔，所述同轴电缆穿过并焊接于所述支撑孔内。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任意一项所述的双频天线，其中，所述第一移相器和所述第二移相器分别包括片状的功分器和夹设在所述功分器两侧的介质块， 所述介质块可相对所述功分器滑动。
  6. 根据权利要求1至4任意一项所述的双频天线，其中，所述反射板包括底板和位于所述底板沿宽度方向两端的侧板，所述第一移相器和所述第二移相器分别安装在两侧的所述侧板上，所述合路器设置于所述底板沿宽度方向的两端。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的双频天线，其中，所述侧板沿垂直所述底板的方向呈阶梯状，所述侧板包括靠近底板的第一侧板、远离底板的第二侧板以及连接所述第一侧板和所述第二侧板的阶梯板。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的双频天线，其中，相邻的所述天线辐射单元的间距取值范围为0.85λ1-0.95λ1，λ1为所述第二射频频段的最高频率的波长。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的双频天线，其中，所述底板的宽度范围为0.8λ1-0.9λ1，所述底板和所述阶梯板的总宽度范围为0.8λ2-0.95λ2，所述第二侧板的高度范围为0.2λ3-0.3λ3，所述第一侧板部的高度为所述第二侧板的高度的一半，λ2为所述第一预设频段的最低频率的波长，λ3为λ1与λ2的和的一半。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的双频天线，其中，相邻的所述天线辐射单元之间设有隔板。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的双频天线，其中，所述隔板包括第一卡置部和第二卡置部，所述第一卡置部设置在所述底板上，所述第二卡置部卡置在所述阶梯板上。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的双频天线，其中，所述第一卡置部的宽度与所述底板的宽度相等，所述第一卡置部的高度与所述第一侧板的高度相等，所述第二卡置部的宽度与所述底板和所述阶梯板的总宽度相等。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的双频天线，其中，所述第一预设频段的频率范围为1710-2170MHZ，所述第二预设频段的频率范围为2500-2690MHZ。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的双频天线，其中，所述移相器采用带状线形式设计。
  15. 一种天线系统，其中，所述天线系统包括双频天线，所述双频天线包括：
    反射板；
    位于所述反射板一侧的天线辐射单元；
    位于所述反射板另一侧的第一移相器、第二移相器和合路器；所述合路器 的一端分别与所述第一移相器和所述第二移相器电连接，所述合路器的另一端分别与所述天线辐射单元电连接；
    其中，所述第一移相器用于接收第一射频频段的第一信号，并根据所述第一射频频段对下倾角的要求，调节所述第一信号的相移量；
    所述第二移相器用于接收第二射频频段的第二信号，并根据所述第二射频频段对下倾角的要求，调节所述第二信号的相移量，其中所述第二射频频段比所述第一射频频段高；
    所述合路器用于接收所述第一移相器调节后的第一信号和所述第二移相器调节后的第二信号，并将调节后的所述第一信号和调节后的所述第二信号合路后发送给所述天线辐射单元；
    所述天线辐射单元用于接收并发射所述合路器输入的调节后的所述第一信号和所述第二信号。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的天线系统，其中，所述合路器包括PCB板以及位于PCB板上的低频分路电路、高频分路电路和高低频合路电路，所述低频分路电路与所述第一移相器电连接，所述高频合路电路与所述第二移相器电连接，所述高低频合路电路和所述天线辐射单元电连接。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的天线系统，其中，所述合路器和所述反射板之间设置金属屏蔽板，所述PCB板接地面焊接在所述金属屏蔽板上。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的天线系统，其中，所述合路器分别与所述天线辐射单元、所述第一移相器和所述第二移相器之间通过所述同轴电缆电连接，所述金属屏蔽板的周围设有支撑板，所述支撑板上开设有支撑孔，所述同轴电缆穿过并焊接于所述支撑孔内。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的天线系统，其中，相邻的所述天线辐射单元的间距取值范围为0.85λ1-0.95λ1，λ1为所述第二射频频段的最高频率的波长。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的天线系统，其中，所述底板的宽度范围为0.8λ1-0.9λ1，所述底板和所述阶梯板的总宽度范围为0.8λ2-0.95λ2，所述第二侧板的高度范围为0.2λ3-0.3λ3，所述第一侧板部的高度为所述第二侧板的高度的一半，λ2为所述第一预设频段的最低频率的波长，λ3为λ1与λ2的和的一半。
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