WO2016104554A1 - Fiber filter medium for water treatment, and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents

Fiber filter medium for water treatment, and method for manufacturing same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016104554A1
WO2016104554A1 PCT/JP2015/085915 JP2015085915W WO2016104554A1 WO 2016104554 A1 WO2016104554 A1 WO 2016104554A1 JP 2015085915 W JP2015085915 W JP 2015085915W WO 2016104554 A1 WO2016104554 A1 WO 2016104554A1
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Prior art keywords
filament
fiber filter
filter medium
dtex
yarn fineness
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PCT/JP2015/085915
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
幹夫 井出
佐智子 大地
千種　健理
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日立造船株式会社
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Publication of WO2016104554A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016104554A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/02—Loose filtering material, e.g. loose fibres
    • B01D39/04—Organic material, e.g. cellulose, cotton
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/06—Aerobic processes using submerged filters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

  • the present invention is a fiber treatment material for water treatment for filtration of suspended matters and suspensions contained in river water, lake water, groundwater, etc., filtration treatment of suspended matters and suspensions in contaminated water, and
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing this water treatment fiber filter medium.
  • a granular fiber filter medium formed by cutting a rod-like fiber bundle for example, see Patent Document 1
  • a fiber filter medium that is a fiber bundling body in which fibers are aggregated and bound at one or two locations for example, see Patent Documents 2, 3, and 4
  • (3) “Marimo-shaped” fiber filter media obtained by tightly binding and curling bundled fibers that have been crimped see, for example, Patent Document 5) Etc. are used.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a fiber filter medium capable of capturing SS having a wide range of particle sizes including SS having a small particle size by improving the filtration performance, and a method for producing the same.
  • the present inventors have found that a fiber bundling body using a yarn having a structure in which a filament having a low single yarn fineness is mixed with a filament having a low single yarn fineness is extremely effective in solving the above problems.
  • the fiber filter medium for water treatment of the present invention comprises a plurality of yarns formed by mixing a first filament having a single yarn fineness of 8 dtex or less and a second filament having a single yarn fineness of 10 to 30 dtex. It is gathered and bundled at the center along the length direction.
  • the mixing ratio of the first filament and the second filament in the yarn is 25/75 to 75/25 mass%.
  • the method for producing a water treatment fiber filter medium of the present invention comprises a plurality of fibers formed by mixing a first filament having a single yarn fineness of 8 dtex or less and a second filament having a single yarn fineness of 10 to 30 dtex.
  • the yarns are gathered and bundled, and both sides are separated from the bundled portion at a distance in the length direction of the yarn.
  • the fiber filter for water treatment of the present invention includes a filament having a low single yarn fineness and a filament having a high single yarn fineness, fine SS can be captured by the filament having a low single yarn fineness, Coarse SS can be captured by high filaments, and therefore a wide range of particle size SS can be captured.
  • it since it includes a filament having a high single yarn fineness, unlike a fiber filter medium formed only of filaments having a low single yarn fineness, there is no inconvenience that the raw water is compressed by filtration during filtration.
  • the mixed fiber at other mixing rate can exhibit higher filtration performance than the filter medium.
  • a water treatment fiber filter medium having the above-described advantages can be produced efficiently and stably.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a water treatment fiber filter medium according to the present invention.
  • 1 is a yarn, and the yarn 1 is formed by mixing a first filament and a second filament.
  • Reference numeral 2 denotes a binding body, which binds the gathered yarns 1 at the central portion along the length direction thereof.
  • Reference numeral 3 denotes a fiber filter, which is manufactured by cutting the yarn 2 on both sides at a distance from the bundle 2 in the length direction of the yarn 2.
  • the binding body 2 is shown in a state where it is visible at the center, but actually, the binding body 2 is hardly visually recognized by the yarn 1 protruding so as to radiate spherically from the binding body 2. As will be described later, when the latent crimp of the filament is made obvious, the bundle 2 is more difficult to be visually recognized.
  • a cross section of the yarn 1 is schematically shown in FIG.
  • 4 is a 1st filament
  • 5 is a 2nd filament.
  • the first filament 4 has a single yarn fineness lower than that of the second filament 5.
  • the yarn 1 is formed by mixing the first filament 4 and the second filament 5.
  • FIG. 3 A filtration device provided with the fiber filter medium 3 is shown in FIG.
  • 6 is a filtration device
  • 7 is a filtration tower
  • 8 is a support bed inside the filtration tower 7.
  • the fiber filter medium 3 is supported by the support floor 8.
  • 9 is a raw water valve
  • 10 is a filtered water valve
  • 11 is a drain valve
  • 12 is a washing air valve
  • 13 is an air release valve
  • 14 is a drain valve.
  • the operation method of the filtration apparatus 6 is demonstrated.
  • the raw water valve 9 and the filtered water valve 10 are opened, and raw water is filtered.
  • the raw water flows into the filtration tower 7 through the raw water valve 9, is filtered by the fiber filter medium 3, and becomes filtered water and flows out from the filtered water valve 10.
  • filtered water is used as washing water.
  • the amount of filtered water used may be reduced by washing with raw water.
  • the cleaning air valve 12 and the atmosphere release valve 13 are opened to perform air cleaning.
  • the washing water flows into the filtration tower 7 through the filtration water valve 10 (or the raw water valve 9), and is stirred and mixed with the air supplied through the washing air valve 12, thereby washing the SS adhering to the fiber filter medium 3. After that, it is discharged through the drain valve 11.
  • the air in the filter tank 7 can be released to the atmosphere via the atmosphere release valve 13.
  • the fiber filter medium 3 is formed of a plurality of yarns 1.
  • the yarn 1 includes a first filament 4 having a single yarn fineness of 8 dtex or less and a second filament 5 having a single yarn fineness of 10 to 30 dtex. It is necessary to be formed by mixing the fibers.
  • the single filament fineness of the second filament 5 exceeds 30 dtex, the voids between the single yarns increase, so that the entire voids when the fiber filter medium 3 is deposited become large, and the filtration performance as a whole decreases.
  • the single filament fineness of the second filament 5 is less than 10 dtex, it becomes difficult to form the fiber filter medium 3 that is not inferior to the water flow of the raw water. Consolidation problems may occur. In addition, filaments having a single yarn fineness of less than 10 dtex do not efficiently contribute to the capture of SS having a large particle size, and as a result, the filtration performance is lowered.
  • the yarn 1 is preferably one in which the first filament 4 and the second filament 5 are mixed at a mixing ratio of 25/75 to 75/25 mass%. Outside this range, it becomes difficult to achieve the role of each filament, and the filtration performance tends to be low. That is, if the mixing rate of the first filament 4 is less than 25% by mass, capturing of the SS having a small particle size tends to be insufficient, and the mixing rate of the first filament 4 exceeds 75% by mass. In addition, the capture of SS having a large particle size tends to be insufficient, and the fiber mixing rate of the second filament 5 decreases, and it becomes difficult to form a fiber filter medium that does not lose the raw water flow.
  • the first filament 4 or the second filament 5 or both may be crimped. Since the filaments are crimped to such an extent that the gaps between the single yarns and the gaps of the fiber filter medium 3 do not become large, SS becomes easy to get entangled with the filaments, and the trapping property is improved. Examples of methods for imparting crimps to the filament include an indentation method, false twisting method, rubbing method, and shaping method. However, the processing method is not particularly limited. If the filament has latent crimps, it can be backwashed after shipment to remove the oil adhering to the surface of the fiber filter material or repeatedly used for filtration, even without such processing. Latent crimping becomes apparent.
  • the latent crimp ratio is preferably 30% or less for the first filament 4 and 40% or less for the second filament 5, and 15% or less for the first filament.
  • the second filament is particularly preferably 20% or less. This is because if the latent crimp rate of the filament is too high, the shrinkage of the fiber bundle is large and the filter medium itself is bulky, and therefore the capture rate of suspended matter or suspension may be inferior.
  • the filament may have a normal cross section (circular cross section) or an irregular cross section (non-circular cross section).
  • the fiber cross section By making the fiber cross section an atypical shape such as an isosceles triangle, the surface area of the fiber becomes larger than in the case of a circular cross section, so that the capturing property of SS is improved.
  • the cross sectional irregularity is preferably in the range of 1.1 to 2.0, particularly preferably about 1.5.
  • the section irregularity refers to the ratio of the circumscribed circle diameter to the inscribed circle diameter of the section of the filament single-filament having a modified section.
  • the cross-section irregularity can be calculated based on, for example, a cross-sectional measurement of a filament single yarn by an optical microscope. It is also possible to evaluate the cross-sectional deformity by the average value of the calculation results for a plurality of filaments.
  • the number of filaments per yarn is preferably about 400 to 1800 for the first filament 4 and about 100 to 600 for the second filament 5.
  • the number of yarns per fiber filter medium 3 can be appropriately selected, and is preferably about 100 to 500, and more preferably about 300 to 500.
  • polyester polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, and the like can be used.
  • polyester can be preferably used in terms of strength, chemical resistance, dehydration property, specific gravity, and the like.
  • a plurality of yarns formed by mixing the first filament and the second filament are gathered to form a fiber bundle, and the fiber bundle is bound by a bundle at predetermined intervals. Then, cut both sides of the bundling portion at a distance in the length direction of the yarn.
  • a plurality of yarns formed by blending a long first filament with a single yarn fineness of 8 dtex or less and a long second filament with a single yarn fineness of 10 to 30 dtex are assembled.
  • a fiber bundle is bundled by one bundle, and a portion at a predetermined distance from the bundle portion in the length direction of the yarn is bundled by another bundle.
  • the fiber filter material for water treatments is obtained by cut
  • the method for collecting a plurality of yarns is not particularly limited, and a method using a known device can be used.
  • the bundling body only needs to bind a plurality of gathered yarns, and for example, a converging band is preferably used.
  • the interval between adjacent bundles is preferably about 100 to 300 mm, and it is preferable to cut at an equal distance from the adjacent bundles.
  • Example 1 As the first filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 5 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 10%, a cross-sectional shape of an isosceles triangle, and a cross-section irregularity of 1.5 was prepared. As the second filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 12 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 15%, and a cross-sectional profile degree of 1.5 was prepared. The first filament 432 and the second filament 576 were mixed, and 105 yarns obtained were assembled with a measuring machine to obtain a fiber bundle.
  • the fiber bundle was bundled at intervals of 150 mm with a plurality of converging bands, and a fiber filter medium (A) was produced by cutting positions 75 mm on both sides from each bundled portion.
  • Example 2 As a first filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 4 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 10%, a cross-sectional shape of an isosceles triangle, and a cross-section irregularity of 1.5 was prepared. As the second filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 12 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 15%, and a cross-sectional profile degree of 1.5 was prepared. The 576 first filaments and the 576 second filaments were mixed, and 105 yarns obtained were assembled with a measuring machine to obtain a fiber bundle.
  • the fiber bundle was bundled at intervals of 150 mm with a plurality of converging bands, and a fiber filter medium (B) was produced by cutting the positions 75 mm on both sides from each bundling portion.
  • Example 3 As the first filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 5 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 10%, a cross-sectional shape of an isosceles triangle, and a cross-section irregularity of 1.5 was prepared. As the second filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 12 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 15%, and a cross-sectional profile of 1.5 was prepared. 864 first filaments and 384 second filaments were mixed, and 105 obtained yarns were assembled with a measuring machine to obtain a fiber bundle.
  • the fiber bundle was bundled at intervals of 150 mm with a plurality of converging bands, and the fiber filter medium (C) was produced by cutting the positions 75 mm on both sides from each bundling portion.
  • Example 4 As a first filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 4 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 10%, a cross-sectional shape of an isosceles triangle, and a cross-section irregularity of 1.5 was prepared. As the second filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 12 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 15%, and a cross-sectional profile degree of 1.5 was prepared. 1152 of the first filaments and 384 of the second filaments were mixed, and 105 yarns obtained were assembled with a measuring machine to obtain a fiber bundle.
  • the fiber bundle was bundled at intervals of 150 mm with a plurality of converging bands, and a fiber filter medium (D) was produced by cutting each of the bundle portions at a position of 75 mm.
  • Example 5 As the first filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 5 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 10%, a cross-sectional shape of an isosceles triangle, and a cross-section irregularity of 1.5 was prepared. As the second filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 12 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 15%, and a cross-sectional profile degree of 1.5 was prepared. 1296 1st filaments and 192 2nd filaments were mixed, and 105 yarns obtained were assembled with a measuring machine to obtain a fiber bundle.
  • the fiber bundle was bundled at intervals of 150 mm with a plurality of converging bands, and a position of 75 mm was cut from each bundled portion to produce a fiber filter medium (E).
  • [Comparative Example 1] 105 yarns formed by assembling 768 polyester filaments with a single yarn fineness of 12 dtex, a latent crimp of 15%, a cross-sectional shape of an isosceles triangle and a cross-section irregularity of 1.5.
  • the fiber bundle was obtained by assembling.
  • the fiber bundle was bundled at intervals of 150 mm with a plurality of focusing bands, and a fiber filter medium (F) was produced by cutting each of the bundle portions at a position of 75 mm.
  • each fiber filter medium was stacked in a column having a diameter of 200 mm so as to have a height of 1 m, and the removal position of the treated water was adjusted so that the liquid level at the start of filtration was 1.2 m.
  • the raw turbidity having a kaolin particle size of 45 ⁇ m and a turbidity of 10 degrees was used as raw water, and the water was passed downward at a rate of 42 m per hour. Water was passed for 4 hours, the turbidity of raw water and treated water was measured every hour, the turbidity removal rate was calculated by the following formula, and the average value of the turbidity removal rate for 4 hours was obtained.
  • Turbidity removal rate (raw water turbidity-treated water turbidity) ⁇ raw water turbidity x 100% The results are shown in Table 1.
  • the fiber filter media (A) to (E) of Experimental Examples 1 to 5 contained a filament having a low fiber mixing rate and a filament having a high fiber mixing rate. Therefore, a high average turbidity removal rate was obtained in the filtration using these fiber filter media (A) to (E).
  • the fiber filter medium (F) of Comparative Example 1 was formed only with filaments having a high single yarn fineness, it was inferior in the ability to capture SS having a small particle size. For this reason, the average turbidity removal rate of the filtration using the fiber filter medium (F) was only about the same as the turbidity removal rate of conventional filtration methods such as sand filtration.
  • the fiber filter material according to the present invention captures SS in a wide range of particle sizes including SS having a small particle size and has high filtration performance. Therefore, the filtration of SS when river water, lake water, ground water, etc. are used for waterworks. It has high utility value in processing and contaminated water. In particular, it is expected to be used for filtering river water and lake water after rain, including fine particles in the atmosphere such as dust and dust, and sediments rolled up by rain.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Abstract

A fiber filter medium 3 for water treatment, wherein a plurality of yarns 1 is aggregated, the yarns being formed by combining a first filament having a single-yarn fineness of 8 dtex or less and a second filament having a single-yarn fineness of 10-30 dtex, and the yarns are bundled in a center portion along the length direction thereof. A method for manufacturing the fiber filter medium for water treatment, wherein a plurality of yarns formed by combining a first filament having a single-yarn fineness of 8 dtex or less and a second filament having a single-yarn fineness of 10-30 dtex is aggregated and bundled, and both sides are cut at a distance in the length direction of the yarns from the bundled portion.

Description

水処理用繊維濾材およびその製造方法Fiber filter material for water treatment and method for producing the same
　本発明は、河川水、湖沼水、地下水などに含まれる浮遊物や懸濁物の濾過処理や、汚染水中の浮遊物や懸濁物の濾過処理などのための水処理用繊維濾材、および、この水処理用繊維濾材を製造する方法に関する。 The present invention is a fiber treatment material for water treatment for filtration of suspended matters and suspensions contained in river water, lake water, groundwater, etc., filtration treatment of suspended matters and suspensions in contaminated water, and The present invention relates to a method for producing this water treatment fiber filter medium.
　河川水、湖沼水、地下水などを上水道に利用する際の、浮遊物や懸濁物（以下「ＳＳ」という。）の濾過処理や、汚染水の濾過処理などにおいて、繊維を用いた各種の濾材が提案されている。繊維濾材を用いた濾過は、これまで一般的に広く行われてきた砂濾過よりも濾過速度が速い。繊維濾材としては、
　（１）棒状繊維束を切断することで形成された粒状繊維濾材（たとえば、特許文献１参照）
　（２）繊維を集合させ、１ないし２個所で結束した繊維集束体である繊維濾材（たとえば、特許文献２，３，４参照）
　（３）捲縮を付与した束状繊維を緊縛し丸めた「まりも形態」の繊維濾材（たとえば、特許文献５参照）
などが使用されている。 Various filter media using fibers in the filtration treatment of suspended matters and suspensions (hereinafter referred to as “SS”) and the treatment treatment of contaminated water when river water, lake water, groundwater, etc. are used for waterworks Has been proposed. Filtration using a fiber filter medium has a higher filtration rate than sand filtration, which has been widely performed so far. As fiber filter media,
(1) A granular fiber filter medium formed by cutting a rod-like fiber bundle (for example, see Patent Document 1)
(2) A fiber filter medium that is a fiber bundling body in which fibers are aggregated and bound at one or two locations (for example, see Patent Documents 2, 3, and 4)
(3) “Marimo-shaped” fiber filter media obtained by tightly binding and curling bundled fibers that have been crimped (see, for example, Patent Document 5)
Etc. are used.
　近年、これらの繊維濾材の濾過性能をさらに向上させるために、粒径の小さいＳＳを含む、広範囲の粒径のＳＳを捕捉できる繊維濾材の開発が求められている。たとえば、降雨後の河川水や湖沼水には、大気中に存在したちりやほこりなどの微小粒子や、降雨により巻き上げられた底質が含まれる。このため、降雨後の河川水や湖沼水においては、降雨前の河川水や湖沼水に比して含まれるＳＳの粒径が広範囲に及ぶことがある。 In recent years, in order to further improve the filtration performance of these fiber filter media, there has been a demand for the development of fiber filter media capable of capturing a wide range of particle size SS including SS having a small particle size. For example, river water and lake water after rain contain fine particles such as dust and dust that exist in the atmosphere, and sediments rolled up by rain. For this reason, in river water and lake water after raining, the particle size of SS contained in the river water and lake water before raining may extend over a wide range.
　上述した繊維濾材のうちの（２）の「繊維集束体」を用いて粒径の小さいＳＳを捕捉するためには、集束体に小さな空隙を形成するために、公知のものよりも細い、すなわち単糸繊度の低いフィラメントを用いる必要がある。しかし、フィラメントの単糸繊度を低くすると繊維集束体の嵩高性は劣るものとなる。そのため、濾過装置を作動させ原水を導入すると、その水流により繊維濾材が圧密され、それによって大きな水頭損失を生じ、その結果逆に濾過性能が低下してしまうという問題点がある。 In order to capture SS having a small particle size using the “fiber bundle” of (2) of the above-described fiber filter media, in order to form a small void in the bundle, It is necessary to use a filament having a low single yarn fineness. However, when the single yarn fineness of the filament is lowered, the bulkiness of the fiber bundle is inferior. Therefore, when the raw water is introduced by operating the filtration device, the fiber filter medium is consolidated by the water flow, thereby causing a large head loss, and as a result, there is a problem that the filtration performance is lowered.
ＪＰ２００１－０１７８０８ＡJP2001-017808A ＪＰ０６－２９２８０８ＡJP06-292808A ＪＰ５１－０４５１０３ＢJP51-045103B ＪＰＵ５２－００７７４４Ｂ（実用新案）JPU52-007744B (utility model) ＪＰＵ６２－０２４９９７Ａ（実用新案）JPU62-024997A (utility model)
　本発明の目的は、濾過性能の向上により、粒径の小さいＳＳを含む広範囲の粒径のＳＳを捕捉させることができる繊維濾材およびその製造方法を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a fiber filter medium capable of capturing SS having a wide range of particle sizes including SS having a small particle size by improving the filtration performance, and a method for producing the same.
　本発明者らは、単糸繊度の低いフィラメントに単糸繊度の高いフィラメントを混繊した構成の糸条を用いた繊維集束体が、上記課題の解決にきわめて効果的なことを見出した。 The present inventors have found that a fiber bundling body using a yarn having a structure in which a filament having a low single yarn fineness is mixed with a filament having a low single yarn fineness is extremely effective in solving the above problems.
　本発明の水処理用繊維濾材は、単糸繊度が８ｄｔｅｘ以下である第１のフィラメントと単糸繊度が１０～３０ｄｔｅｘである第２のフィラメントとを混繊して形成された糸条の複数が集合されて、その長さ方向に沿った中央部で結束されていることを特徴とする。 The fiber filter medium for water treatment of the present invention comprises a plurality of yarns formed by mixing a first filament having a single yarn fineness of 8 dtex or less and a second filament having a single yarn fineness of 10 to 30 dtex. It is gathered and bundled at the center along the length direction.
　本発明によれば、上記の水処理用繊維濾材において、糸条における第１のフィラメントと第２のフィラメントとの混繊率が２５／７５～７５／２５質量％であることが好適である。 According to the present invention, in the above-described water treatment fiber filter medium, it is preferable that the mixing ratio of the first filament and the second filament in the yarn is 25/75 to 75/25 mass%.
　本発明の水処理用繊維濾材の製造方法は、単糸繊度が８ｄｔｅｘ以下である第１のフィラメントと単糸繊度が１０～３０ｄｔｅｘである第２のフィラメントとを混繊して形成された複数の糸条を集合させ結束し、結束部から糸条の長さ方向に距離を置いた両側をそれぞれ切断することを特徴とする。 The method for producing a water treatment fiber filter medium of the present invention comprises a plurality of fibers formed by mixing a first filament having a single yarn fineness of 8 dtex or less and a second filament having a single yarn fineness of 10 to 30 dtex. The yarns are gathered and bundled, and both sides are separated from the bundled portion at a distance in the length direction of the yarn.
　本発明の水処理用繊維濾材は、単糸繊度の低いフィラメントと単糸繊度の高いフィラメントとを含むものであるため、単糸繊度の低いフィラメントによって細かいＳＳを捕捉することができるとともに、単糸繊度の高いフィラメントによって粗いＳＳを捕捉することができ、したがって広範囲の粒径のＳＳを捕捉することが可能である。また、単糸繊度の高いフィラメントを含むため、単糸繊度の低いフィラメントのみで形成された繊維濾材とは異なり、濾過時に原水の水流により圧密されるという不都合が生じない。 Since the fiber filter for water treatment of the present invention includes a filament having a low single yarn fineness and a filament having a high single yarn fineness, fine SS can be captured by the filament having a low single yarn fineness, Coarse SS can be captured by high filaments, and therefore a wide range of particle size SS can be captured. In addition, since it includes a filament having a high single yarn fineness, unlike a fiber filter medium formed only of filaments having a low single yarn fineness, there is no inconvenience that the raw water is compressed by filtration during filtration.
　本発明の水処理用繊維濾材において、第１のフィラメントと前記第２のフィラメントとの混繊率が２５／７５～７５／２５質量％である場合は、他の混繊率で混繊した繊維濾材よりも高い濾過性能を発揮することができる。 In the fiber filter medium for water treatment of the present invention, when the mixing rate of the first filament and the second filament is 25/75 to 75/25% by mass, the mixed fiber at other mixing rate It can exhibit higher filtration performance than the filter medium.
　本発明の水処理用繊維濾材の製造方法によれば、上記の利点を有する水処理用繊維濾材を効率よく安定して製造することができる。 According to the method for producing a water treatment fiber filter medium of the present invention, a water treatment fiber filter medium having the above-described advantages can be produced efficiently and stably.
本発明の実施例の水処理用繊維濾材の概略正面図である。It is a schematic front view of the fiber filter material for water treatment of the Example of this invention. 本発明の水処理用繊維濾材に用いられる糸条の一例を模式的に示す横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view which shows typically an example of the yarn used for the fiber filter medium for water treatment of this invention. 本発明の水処理用繊維濾材を備えた濾過装置を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the filtration apparatus provided with the fiber filter medium for water treatment of this invention.
　本発明の水処理用繊維濾材の実施例を図１に示す。図１において、１は糸条であり、糸条１は第１のフィラメントおよび第２のフィラメントを混繊して形成される。２は結束体であり、これは集合させた糸条１を、その長さ方向に沿った中央部で結束する。３は繊維濾材であり、結束体２から糸条２の長さ方向に距離を置いた両側において、それぞれ糸条２を切断することによって、製造される。 FIG. 1 shows an example of a water treatment fiber filter medium according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a yarn, and the yarn 1 is formed by mixing a first filament and a second filament. Reference numeral 2 denotes a binding body, which binds the gathered yarns 1 at the central portion along the length direction thereof. Reference numeral 3 denotes a fiber filter, which is manufactured by cutting the yarn 2 on both sides at a distance from the bundle 2 in the length direction of the yarn 2.
　図１においては結束体２が中央部に見えた状態で示されているが、実際は、結束体２から球状に放射するように突出する糸条１によって、結束体２はほぼ視認されない。後述するようにフィラメントの潜在捲縮を顕在化させると、結束体２はより視認されにくくなる。 In FIG. 1, the binding body 2 is shown in a state where it is visible at the center, but actually, the binding body 2 is hardly visually recognized by the yarn 1 protruding so as to radiate spherically from the binding body 2. As will be described later, when the latent crimp of the filament is made obvious, the bundle 2 is more difficult to be visually recognized.
　糸条１の横断面を模式的に図２に示す。図２において、４は第１のフィラメント、５は第２のフィラメントである。第１のフィラメント４は、第２のフィラメント５よりも低い単糸繊度を有する。糸条１は、第１のフィラメント４と第２のフィラメント５とが混繊されて形成される。 A cross section of the yarn 1 is schematically shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, 4 is a 1st filament, 5 is a 2nd filament. The first filament 4 has a single yarn fineness lower than that of the second filament 5. The yarn 1 is formed by mixing the first filament 4 and the second filament 5.
　繊維濾材３を備えた濾過装置を図３に示す。図３において、６は濾過装置、７は濾過塔、８は濾過塔７の内部の支持床である。繊維濾材３は、支持床８により支持される。９は原水弁、１０は濾過水弁、１１は排水弁、１２は洗浄空気弁、１３は大気開放弁、１４はドレン弁である。 A filtration device provided with the fiber filter medium 3 is shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, 6 is a filtration device, 7 is a filtration tower, and 8 is a support bed inside the filtration tower 7. The fiber filter medium 3 is supported by the support floor 8. 9 is a raw water valve, 10 is a filtered water valve, 11 is a drain valve, 12 is a washing air valve, 13 is an air release valve, and 14 is a drain valve.
　図３を参照して、濾過装置６の操作方法を説明する。濾過工程においては、原水弁９および濾過水弁１０を開き、原水の濾過を行う。原水は原水弁９を通って濾過塔７に流入し、繊維濾材３によって濾過され、濾過水となって濾過水弁１０から流出する。 With reference to FIG. 3, the operation method of the filtration apparatus 6 is demonstrated. In the filtration step, the raw water valve 9 and the filtered water valve 10 are opened, and raw water is filtered. The raw water flows into the filtration tower 7 through the raw water valve 9, is filtered by the fiber filter medium 3, and becomes filtered water and flows out from the filtered water valve 10.
　濾過工程の後に繊維濾材３を洗浄する際には、濾過水を洗浄水として用いる。しかし、原水で洗浄することで濾過水の使用量を減らしてもよい。詳細には、洗浄工程においては、濾過水弁１０（または原水弁９）および排水弁１１に加え、洗浄空気弁１２および大気開放弁１３を開き、空気洗浄を行う。洗浄水は、濾過水弁１０（または原水弁９）を通って濾過塔７に流入し、洗浄空気弁１２を通って供給された空気と攪拌混合され、繊維濾材３に付着したＳＳを洗浄したのち、排水弁１１を通って排出される。空気洗浄の間、濾過槽７内の空気は大気開放弁１３を介して大気に放出されることができる。 When washing the fiber filter medium 3 after the filtration step, filtered water is used as washing water. However, the amount of filtered water used may be reduced by washing with raw water. Specifically, in the cleaning process, in addition to the filtered water valve 10 (or the raw water valve 9) and the drain valve 11, the cleaning air valve 12 and the atmosphere release valve 13 are opened to perform air cleaning. The washing water flows into the filtration tower 7 through the filtration water valve 10 (or the raw water valve 9), and is stirred and mixed with the air supplied through the washing air valve 12, thereby washing the SS adhering to the fiber filter medium 3. After that, it is discharged through the drain valve 11. During the air cleaning, the air in the filter tank 7 can be released to the atmosphere via the atmosphere release valve 13.
　上述のように繊維濾材３は複数の糸条１にて形成され、糸条１は、単糸繊度が８ｄｔｅｘ以下の第１のフィラメント４と、単糸繊度が１０～３０ｄｔｅｘの第２のフィラメント５とを混繊して形成されることが必要である。 As described above, the fiber filter medium 3 is formed of a plurality of yarns 1. The yarn 1 includes a first filament 4 having a single yarn fineness of 8 dtex or less and a second filament 5 having a single yarn fineness of 10 to 30 dtex. It is necessary to be formed by mixing the fibers.
　第１のフィラメント４の単糸繊度が８ｄｔｅｘを超えると、粒径の小さなＳＳを捕捉するのに適した空隙が形成されず、本発明の目的とする広範囲の粒径のＳＳの捕捉が達成されない。 When the single filament fineness of the first filament 4 exceeds 8 dtex, voids suitable for capturing SS having a small particle size are not formed, and capturing of SS having a wide range of particle sizes, which is the object of the present invention, is not achieved. .
　第２のフィラメント５の単糸繊度が３０ｄｔｅｘを超えると、単糸間の空隙が大きくなるために繊維濾材３を堆積したときの全体の空隙が大きくなり、全体として濾過性能は低くなる。 When the single filament fineness of the second filament 5 exceeds 30 dtex, the voids between the single yarns increase, so that the entire voids when the fiber filter medium 3 is deposited become large, and the filtration performance as a whole decreases.
　第２のフィラメント５の単糸繊度が１０ｄｔｅｘ未満であると、原水の水流に負けない繊維濾材３を形成することが困難になり、単糸繊度の低いフィラメントのみで形成された繊維濾材と同様に圧密の問題が生じるおそれがある。また、単糸繊度が１０ｄｔｅｘ未満のフィラメントは粒径の大きなＳＳの捕捉に効率的に寄与せず、その結果濾過性能は低くなる。 If the single filament fineness of the second filament 5 is less than 10 dtex, it becomes difficult to form the fiber filter medium 3 that is not inferior to the water flow of the raw water. Consolidation problems may occur. In addition, filaments having a single yarn fineness of less than 10 dtex do not efficiently contribute to the capture of SS having a large particle size, and as a result, the filtration performance is lowered.
　糸条１は、第１のフィラメント４と第２のフィラメント５とが２５／７５～７５／２５質量％の混繊率で混繊されたものであることが好ましい。この範囲をはずれると、それぞれのフィラメントの役割を達成することが困難となって、濾過性能が低くなりやすい。つまり、第１のフィラメント４の混繊率が２５質量％未満であれば粒径の小さなＳＳの捕捉が不十分になりやすく、また、第１のフィラメント４の混繊率が７５質量％を超えると、粒径の大きなＳＳの捕捉が不十分になりやすいうえに、第２のフィラメント５の混繊率が下がり原水の水流に負けない繊維濾材が形成されにくくなる。 The yarn 1 is preferably one in which the first filament 4 and the second filament 5 are mixed at a mixing ratio of 25/75 to 75/25 mass%. Outside this range, it becomes difficult to achieve the role of each filament, and the filtration performance tends to be low. That is, if the mixing rate of the first filament 4 is less than 25% by mass, capturing of the SS having a small particle size tends to be insufficient, and the mixing rate of the first filament 4 exceeds 75% by mass. In addition, the capture of SS having a large particle size tends to be insufficient, and the fiber mixing rate of the second filament 5 decreases, and it becomes difficult to form a fiber filter medium that does not lose the raw water flow.
　第１のフィラメント４または第２のフィラメント５、あるいはその両方は、捲縮されていてもよい。単糸間の空隙および繊維濾材３自体の空隙が大きくならない程度にフィラメントが捲縮していることによりＳＳがフィラメントに絡みやすくなり、捕捉性が上がる。フィラメントに捲縮を付与する方法としては、押込法、仮撚法、擦過法、賦形法などがある。しかし、加工方法は特に限定されない。フィラメントが潜在捲縮を有する場合は、このような加工によらなくても、繊維濾材の表面に付着した油分を除去するために出荷後に逆洗したり、繰り返し濾過に使用したりすることによっても、潜在捲縮が顕在化する。フィラメントが潜在捲縮を有する場合は、その潜在捲縮率は、第１のフィラメント４は３０％以下、第２のフィラメント５は４０％以下であることが好ましく、第１のフィラメントは１５％以下、第２のフィラメントは２０％以下であることが特に好ましい。フィラメントの潜在捲縮率が高過ぎると、繊維束の収縮が大きく濾材自体が嵩高となり、したがって浮遊物や懸濁物の補足率が劣るおそれがあるためである。 The first filament 4 or the second filament 5 or both may be crimped. Since the filaments are crimped to such an extent that the gaps between the single yarns and the gaps of the fiber filter medium 3 do not become large, SS becomes easy to get entangled with the filaments, and the trapping property is improved. Examples of methods for imparting crimps to the filament include an indentation method, false twisting method, rubbing method, and shaping method. However, the processing method is not particularly limited. If the filament has latent crimps, it can be backwashed after shipment to remove the oil adhering to the surface of the fiber filter material or repeatedly used for filtration, even without such processing. Latent crimping becomes apparent. When the filament has latent crimp, the latent crimp ratio is preferably 30% or less for the first filament 4 and 40% or less for the second filament 5, and 15% or less for the first filament. The second filament is particularly preferably 20% or less. This is because if the latent crimp rate of the filament is too high, the shrinkage of the fiber bundle is large and the filter medium itself is bulky, and therefore the capture rate of suspended matter or suspension may be inferior.
　フィラメントは、通常断面（円形断面）であってもよく、異型断面（非円形断面）であってもよい。繊維断面を二等辺三角形状などの異型にすることにより、円形断面の場合と比べて繊維の表面積が大きくなるため、ＳＳの捕捉性が上がる。異型断面のフィラメントを用いる場合は、その断面異型度は１．１～２．０の範囲であることが好ましく、特に１．５程度が好ましい。断面異形度とは、異形断面のフィラメントの単糸における、その断面の内接円直径に対する外接円直径の比をいう。断面異形度は、たとえば光学顕微鏡によるフィラメント単糸の断面測定に基づき算出することができる。複数本のフィラメントについての算出結果の平均値によって断面異形度を評価することも可能である。 The filament may have a normal cross section (circular cross section) or an irregular cross section (non-circular cross section). By making the fiber cross section an atypical shape such as an isosceles triangle, the surface area of the fiber becomes larger than in the case of a circular cross section, so that the capturing property of SS is improved. When a filament having an irregular cross section is used, the cross sectional irregularity is preferably in the range of 1.1 to 2.0, particularly preferably about 1.5. The section irregularity refers to the ratio of the circumscribed circle diameter to the inscribed circle diameter of the section of the filament single-filament having a modified section. The cross-section irregularity can be calculated based on, for example, a cross-sectional measurement of a filament single yarn by an optical microscope. It is also possible to evaluate the cross-sectional deformity by the average value of the calculation results for a plurality of filaments.
　本発明において、糸条あたりのフィラメントの本数は、第１のフィラメント４について４００～１８００本程度、第２のフィラメント５について１００～６００本程度であることが好ましい。繊維濾材３あたりの糸条の本数は適宜選択可能であり、好ましくは１００～５００本程度、さらに好ましくは３００～５００本程度である。 In the present invention, the number of filaments per yarn is preferably about 400 to 1800 for the first filament 4 and about 100 to 600 for the second filament 5. The number of yarns per fiber filter medium 3 can be appropriately selected, and is preferably about 100 to 500, and more preferably about 300 to 500.
　フィラメントの素材としては、ポリエステル、ポリアミド、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレンなどを使用することができ、特にポリエステルを、強度、耐薬品性、脱水性、比重などの面から好ましく使用することができる。 As the filament material, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, and the like can be used. In particular, polyester can be preferably used in terms of strength, chemical resistance, dehydration property, specific gravity, and the like.
　本発明の水処理用繊維濾材の製造方法について、以下に説明する。 The method for producing the water treatment fiber filter material of the present invention will be described below.
　この製造方法においては、第１のフィラメントおよび第２のフィラメントを混繊して形成した複数の糸条を集合させて繊維束を形成し、この繊維束を所定の間隔ごとに結束体によって結束し、各結束部から糸条の長さ方向に距離を置いた両側をそれぞれ切断する。 In this manufacturing method, a plurality of yarns formed by mixing the first filament and the second filament are gathered to form a fiber bundle, and the fiber bundle is bound by a bundle at predetermined intervals. Then, cut both sides of the bundling portion at a distance in the length direction of the yarn.
　詳細には、単糸繊度が８ｄｔｅｘ以下である長尺の第１のフィラメントおよび単糸繊度が１０～３０ｄｔｅｘである長尺の第２のフィラメントを混繊して形成した複数の糸条を集合させて、繊維束を形成する。次に、繊維束を一の結束体によって結束し、その結束部から糸条の長さ方向に所定の距離を置いた箇所を別の結束体によって結束する。そして、各結束部から糸条の長さ方向に距離を置いた両側をそれぞれ切断することで、水処理用繊維濾材を得る。 Specifically, a plurality of yarns formed by blending a long first filament with a single yarn fineness of 8 dtex or less and a long second filament with a single yarn fineness of 10 to 30 dtex are assembled. To form a fiber bundle. Next, the fiber bundle is bundled by one bundle, and a portion at a predetermined distance from the bundle portion in the length direction of the yarn is bundled by another bundle. And the fiber filter material for water treatments is obtained by cut | disconnecting the both sides spaced apart in the length direction of the yarn from each binding part, respectively.
　複数の糸条を集合させる方法は、特に限定されるものではなく、公知の装置を用いた方法を用いることができる。結束体は、集合させた複数の糸条を結束しておけるものであればよく、例えば集束バンドなどが好適に用いられる。集合させた長尺の糸条における、隣接する結束体同士の間隔は１００～３００ｍｍ程度であることが好ましく、隣接する結束体から等距離の位置において切断をすることが好ましい。 The method for collecting a plurality of yarns is not particularly limited, and a method using a known device can be used. The bundling body only needs to bind a plurality of gathered yarns, and for example, a converging band is preferably used. In the assembled long yarn, the interval between adjacent bundles is preferably about 100 to 300 mm, and it is preferable to cut at an equal distance from the adjacent bundles.
　以下、実験例と比較例とにより本発明を具体的に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to experimental examples and comparative examples.
　［実験例１］
　第１のフィラメントとして、単糸繊度が５ｄｔｅｘ、潜在捲縮率が１０％、断面形状が二等辺三角形状で断面異型度が１．５のポリエステルフィラメントを準備した。第２のフィラメントとして、単糸繊度が１２ｄｔｅｘ、潜在捲縮率が１５％、断面異型度が１．５のポリエステルフィラメントを準備した。第１のフィラメント４３２本と第２のフィラメント５７６本とを混繊し、得られた糸条を検尺機で１０５本集合させて繊維束を得た。その繊維束を複数の集束バンドで１５０ｍｍ間隔に結束し、各結束部から両側７５ｍｍの位置をそれぞれ切断して繊維濾材（Ａ）を製造した。繊維濾材（Ａ）を形成する糸条における、第１のフィラメントと第２のフィラメントとの混繊率は、第１のフィラメント／第２のフィラメント＝２５／７５質量％であった。 [Experimental Example 1]
As the first filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 5 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 10%, a cross-sectional shape of an isosceles triangle, and a cross-section irregularity of 1.5 was prepared. As the second filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 12 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 15%, and a cross-sectional profile degree of 1.5 was prepared. The first filament 432 and the second filament 576 were mixed, and 105 yarns obtained were assembled with a measuring machine to obtain a fiber bundle. The fiber bundle was bundled at intervals of 150 mm with a plurality of converging bands, and a fiber filter medium (A) was produced by cutting positions 75 mm on both sides from each bundled portion. The blend ratio of the first filament and the second filament in the yarn forming the fiber filter medium (A) was first filament / second filament = 25/75 mass%.
　［実験例２］
　第１のフィラメントとして、単糸繊度が４ｄｔｅｘ、潜在捲縮率が１０％、断面形状が二等辺三角形状で断面異型度が１．５のポリエステルフィラメントを準備した。第２のフィラメントとして、単糸繊度が１２ｄｔｅｘ、潜在捲縮率が１５％、断面異型度が１．５のポリエステルフィラメントを準備した。第１のフィラメント５７６本と第２のフィラメント５７６本とを混繊し、得られた糸条を検尺機で１０５本集合させて繊維束を得た。その繊維束を複数の集束バンドで１５０ｍｍ間隔に結束し、各結束部から両側７５ｍｍの位置をそれぞれ切断して繊維濾材（Ｂ）を製造した。繊維濾材（Ｂ）を形成する糸条における、第１のフィラメントと第２のフィラメントとの混繊率は、第１のフィラメント／第２のフィラメント＝２５／７５質量％であった。 [Experiment 2]
As a first filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 4 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 10%, a cross-sectional shape of an isosceles triangle, and a cross-section irregularity of 1.5 was prepared. As the second filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 12 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 15%, and a cross-sectional profile degree of 1.5 was prepared. The 576 first filaments and the 576 second filaments were mixed, and 105 yarns obtained were assembled with a measuring machine to obtain a fiber bundle. The fiber bundle was bundled at intervals of 150 mm with a plurality of converging bands, and a fiber filter medium (B) was produced by cutting the positions 75 mm on both sides from each bundling portion. In the yarn forming the fiber filter medium (B), the mixing ratio of the first filament and the second filament was first filament / second filament = 25/75 mass%.
　［実験例３］
　第１のフィラメントとして、単糸繊度が５ｄｔｅｘ、潜在捲縮率が１０％、断面形状が二等辺三角形状で断面異型度が１．５のポリエステルフィラメントを準備した。第２のフィラメントとして、単糸繊度が１２ｄｔｅｘ、潜在捲縮率が１５％、断面異型度が１．５であるポリエステルフィラメントを準備した。第１のフィラメント８６４本と第２のフィラメント３８４本とを混繊し、得られた糸条を検尺機で１０５本集合させて繊維束を得た。その繊維束を複数の集束バンドで１５０ｍｍ間隔に結束し、各結束部から両側７５ｍｍの位置をそれぞれ切断して繊維濾材（Ｃ）を製造した。繊維濾材（Ｃ）を形成する糸条における、第１のフィラメントと第２のフィラメントとの混繊率は、第１のフィラメント／第２のフィラメント＝５０／５０質量％であった。 [Experiment 3]
As the first filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 5 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 10%, a cross-sectional shape of an isosceles triangle, and a cross-section irregularity of 1.5 was prepared. As the second filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 12 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 15%, and a cross-sectional profile of 1.5 was prepared. 864 first filaments and 384 second filaments were mixed, and 105 obtained yarns were assembled with a measuring machine to obtain a fiber bundle. The fiber bundle was bundled at intervals of 150 mm with a plurality of converging bands, and the fiber filter medium (C) was produced by cutting the positions 75 mm on both sides from each bundling portion. The blend ratio of the first filament and the second filament in the yarn forming the fiber filter medium (C) was first filament / second filament = 50/50 mass%.
　［実験例４］
　第１のフィラメントとして、単糸繊度が４ｄｔｅｘ、潜在捲縮率が１０％、断面形状が二等辺三角形状で断面異型度が１．５のポリエステルフィラメントを準備した。第２のフィラメントとして、単糸繊度が１２ｄｔｅｘ、潜在捲縮率が１５％、断面異型度が１．５のポリエステルフィラメントを準備した。第１のフィラメント１１５２本と第２のフィラメント３８４本とを混繊し、得られた糸条を検尺機で１０５本集合させて繊維束を得た。その繊維束を複数の集束バンドで１５０ｍｍ間隔に結束し、各結束部から７５ｍｍの位置をそれぞれ切断して繊維濾材（Ｄ）を製造した。繊維濾材（Ｄ）を形成する糸条における、第１のフィラメントと第２のフィラメントとの混繊率は、第１のフィラメント／第２のフィラメント＝５０／５０質量％であった。 [Experimental Example 4]
As a first filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 4 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 10%, a cross-sectional shape of an isosceles triangle, and a cross-section irregularity of 1.5 was prepared. As the second filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 12 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 15%, and a cross-sectional profile degree of 1.5 was prepared. 1152 of the first filaments and 384 of the second filaments were mixed, and 105 yarns obtained were assembled with a measuring machine to obtain a fiber bundle. The fiber bundle was bundled at intervals of 150 mm with a plurality of converging bands, and a fiber filter medium (D) was produced by cutting each of the bundle portions at a position of 75 mm. In the yarn forming the fiber filter medium (D), the mixing ratio of the first filament and the second filament was first filament / second filament = 50/50 mass%.
　［実験例５］
　第１のフィラメントとして、単糸繊度が５ｄｔｅｘ、潜在捲縮率が１０％、断面形状が二等辺三角形状で断面異型度が１．５のポリエステルフィラメントを準備した。第２のフィラメントとして、単糸繊度が１２ｄｔｅｘ、潜在捲縮率が１５％、断面異型度が１．５のポリエステルフィラメントを準備した。第１のフィラメント１２９６本と第２のフィラメント１９２本とを混繊し、得られた糸条を検尺機で１０５本集合させて繊維束を得た。その繊維束を複数の集束バンドで１５０ｍｍ間隔に結束し、各結束部から７５ｍｍの位置をそれぞれ切断して、繊維濾材（Ｅ）を製造した。繊維濾材（Ｅ）を形成する糸条における、第１のフィラメントと第２のフィラメントとの混繊率は、第１のフィラメント／第２のフィラメント＝７５／２５質量％であった。 [Experimental Example 5]
As the first filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 5 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 10%, a cross-sectional shape of an isosceles triangle, and a cross-section irregularity of 1.5 was prepared. As the second filament, a polyester filament having a single yarn fineness of 12 dtex, a latent crimp rate of 15%, and a cross-sectional profile degree of 1.5 was prepared. 1296 1st filaments and 192 2nd filaments were mixed, and 105 yarns obtained were assembled with a measuring machine to obtain a fiber bundle. The fiber bundle was bundled at intervals of 150 mm with a plurality of converging bands, and a position of 75 mm was cut from each bundled portion to produce a fiber filter medium (E). In the yarn forming the fiber filter medium (E), the blending ratio of the first filament and the second filament was first filament / second filament = 75/25 mass%.
　［比較例１］
　単糸繊度が１２ｄｔｅｘ、潜在捲縮率が１５％、断面形状が二等辺三角形状で断面異型度が１．５のポリエステルフィラメントを７６８本集合させて形成した糸条を、検尺機で１０５本集合させて繊維束を得た。その繊維束を複数の集束バンドで１５０ｍｍ間隔に結束し、各結束部から７５ｍｍの位置をそれぞれ切断して繊維濾材（Ｆ）を製造した。 [Comparative Example 1]
105 yarns formed by assembling 768 polyester filaments with a single yarn fineness of 12 dtex, a latent crimp of 15%, a cross-sectional shape of an isosceles triangle and a cross-section irregularity of 1.5. The fiber bundle was obtained by assembling. The fiber bundle was bundled at intervals of 150 mm with a plurality of focusing bands, and a fiber filter medium (F) was produced by cutting each of the bundle portions at a position of 75 mm.
　上記の実験例１～５と比較例１の繊維濾材について、濾過性能を調査した。詳細には、それぞれの繊維濾材を直径２００ｍｍのカラム内に高さ１ｍになるよう積層し、濾過開始時の液面が１．２ｍになるように処理水の取り出し位置を調整した。カオリン粒径４５μｍの分散濁度１０度を原水として、１時間当たり４２ｍの速度で下降流で通水した。通水を４時間行い、１時間ごとに原水と処理水の濁度を測定し、次式により濁度除去率を算出し、４時間分の濁度除去率の平均値を求めた。 The filtration performance of the fiber filter media of the above Experimental Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1 was investigated. Specifically, each fiber filter medium was stacked in a column having a diameter of 200 mm so as to have a height of 1 m, and the removal position of the treated water was adjusted so that the liquid level at the start of filtration was 1.2 m. The raw turbidity having a kaolin particle size of 45 μm and a turbidity of 10 degrees was used as raw water, and the water was passed downward at a rate of 42 m per hour. Water was passed for 4 hours, the turbidity of raw water and treated water was measured every hour, the turbidity removal rate was calculated by the following formula, and the average value of the turbidity removal rate for 4 hours was obtained.
　　濁度除去率＝（原水濁度－処理水濁度）÷原水濁度×１００％
その結果を表１に示す。 Turbidity removal rate = (raw water turbidity-treated water turbidity) ÷ raw water turbidity x 100%
The results are shown in Table 1.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
　表１より明らかなように、実験例１～５の繊維濾材（Ａ）～（Ｅ）は混繊率の低いフィラメントと混繊率の高いフィラメントとを含んでいた。このため、これらの繊維濾材（Ａ）～（Ｅ）をそれぞれ用いた濾過においては、高い平均濁度除去率が得られた。 As is clear from Table 1, the fiber filter media (A) to (E) of Experimental Examples 1 to 5 contained a filament having a low fiber mixing rate and a filament having a high fiber mixing rate. Therefore, a high average turbidity removal rate was obtained in the filtration using these fiber filter media (A) to (E).
　一方、比較例１の繊維濾材（Ｆ）は、単糸繊度の高いフィラメントのみで形成されていたため、粒径の小さなＳＳの捕捉性に劣っていた。このため、繊維濾材（Ｆ）を用いた濾過の平均濁度除去率は、砂濾過などの従来の濾過方法の濁度除去率と同程度でしかなかった。 On the other hand, since the fiber filter medium (F) of Comparative Example 1 was formed only with filaments having a high single yarn fineness, it was inferior in the ability to capture SS having a small particle size. For this reason, the average turbidity removal rate of the filtration using the fiber filter medium (F) was only about the same as the turbidity removal rate of conventional filtration methods such as sand filtration.
　本発明にかかる繊維濾材は、粒径の小さいＳＳを含む広範囲の粒径のＳＳを捕捉し、高い濾過性能を有するため、河川水、湖沼水、地下水などを上水道に利用する際のＳＳの濾過処理や、汚染水の処理などにおいて、利用価値が高い。特に、ちりやほこりなどの大気中の微小粒子や、降雨により巻き上げられた底質を含む、降雨後の河川水や湖沼水の濾過における活用が期待される。 The fiber filter material according to the present invention captures SS in a wide range of particle sizes including SS having a small particle size and has high filtration performance. Therefore, the filtration of SS when river water, lake water, ground water, etc. are used for waterworks. It has high utility value in processing and contaminated water. In particular, it is expected to be used for filtering river water and lake water after rain, including fine particles in the atmosphere such as dust and dust, and sediments rolled up by rain.

Claims (3)

  1. 単糸繊度が８ｄｔｅｘ以下である第１のフィラメントと単糸繊度が１０～３０ｄｔｅｘである第２のフィラメントとを混繊して形成された糸条の複数が集合されて、その長さ方向に沿った中央部で結束されていることを特徴とする水処理用繊維濾材。 A plurality of yarns formed by blending a first filament having a single yarn fineness of 8 dtex or less and a second filament having a single yarn fineness of 10 to 30 dtex are assembled, and along the length direction thereof A fiber filter medium for water treatment, characterized by being bound at the center.
  2. 糸条における第１のフィラメントと第２のフィラメントとの混繊率が２５／７５～７５／２５質量％であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の水処理用繊維濾材。 2. The fiber filter medium for water treatment according to claim 1, wherein a mixing ratio of the first filament and the second filament in the yarn is 25/75 to 75/25 mass%.
  3. 単糸繊度が８ｄｔｅｘ以下である第１のフィラメントと単糸繊度が１０～３０ｄｔｅｘである第２のフィラメントとを混繊して形成された複数の糸条を集合させ結束し、結束部から糸条の長さ方向に距離を置いた両側をそれぞれ切断することを特徴とする水処理用繊維濾材の製造方法。
     
          A plurality of yarns formed by blending a first filament having a single yarn fineness of 8 dtex or less and a second filament having a single yarn fineness of 10 to 30 dtex are assembled and bundled, and the yarn is fed from the bundled portion. A method for producing a fiber filter medium for water treatment, characterized in that both sides are separated from each other at a distance in the length direction.

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CN107051000A (en) * 2017-04-21 2017-08-18 徐州工程学院 A kind of water proof material and its manufacture method and application

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JPS49124673A (en) * 1973-04-02 1974-11-28
JPH06292808A (en) * 1993-04-09 1994-10-21 Unitika Ltd Filter medium
JPH07163991A (en) * 1993-12-10 1995-06-27 Chisso Corp Fiber formed material and its production
JPH10305204A (en) * 1997-05-07 1998-11-17 Unitika Ltd Cleaning method of fiber filter material
JP2014152407A (en) * 2013-02-05 2014-08-25 Toray Ind Inc Method for producing polyphenylene sulfide fiber, and nonwoven cloth

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS49124673A (en) * 1973-04-02 1974-11-28
JPH06292808A (en) * 1993-04-09 1994-10-21 Unitika Ltd Filter medium
JPH07163991A (en) * 1993-12-10 1995-06-27 Chisso Corp Fiber formed material and its production
JPH10305204A (en) * 1997-05-07 1998-11-17 Unitika Ltd Cleaning method of fiber filter material
JP2014152407A (en) * 2013-02-05 2014-08-25 Toray Ind Inc Method for producing polyphenylene sulfide fiber, and nonwoven cloth

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107051000A (en) * 2017-04-21 2017-08-18 徐州工程学院 A kind of water proof material and its manufacture method and application

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