WO2016103143A1

WO2016103143A1 - In-pipe turbines in temperature transfer systems

Info

Publication number: WO2016103143A1
Application number: PCT/IB2015/059820
Authority: WO
Inventors: Daniel Farb
Original assignee: Leviathan Energy Hydroelectric Llc
Priority date: 2014-12-21
Filing date: 2015-12-21
Publication date: 2016-06-30
Also published as: MX2017008267A

Abstract

A piping system, defined as a system with the function of conveying fluid from one point to another, comprising: an in-pipe turbine system, operating from flow and excess pressure, comprising at minimum a rotor surrounded by a casing, a shaft on the rotor, and a connected generator, with or without a gear connected to the shaft and the generator; an inlet pipe connected to the turbine system casing, and communicating with the casing's interior through a nozzle; an outlet pipe, connected to the turbine system casing; a gas compressor, attached and open to the casing via a nozzle, said nozzle located above the lowest level of the rotor; a gas pressure sensor within the casing; a gas exit nozzle, attached lo the interior of the casing on one end and the outside on the other; a microprocessor control system comprising software and a data connection to the gas pressure sensor, operative to obtain feedback from the sensor, and comprising a data connection to send instructions to the gas compressor and gas exit nozzle, operative to generate a specific pressure in the casing, to command that the gas pressure not exceed the head of the inlet pipe and its tributaries, and to keep the inlet nozzle surrounded by gas.

Description

APPLICATION FOR PATENT

Inventor(s): M. Daniel Farb

PO Box 90056

Beit Shemesh 99190

Israel

TITLE OF THE INVENTION:

in-Pipe Turbines in Temperature Transfer Systems

CROSS REFERENCE TO REL ATED A PPLICATIONS

Not applicable

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR

DEVELOPMENT

Not applicable

THE NAMES OF THE PARTIES TO A JOINT RESEARCH AGREEMENT

Not applicable

INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE OF MATERIAL SUBMITTED ON A COMPACT DISC OR AS A TEXT FILE VIA THE OFFICE ELECTRONIC FILING SYSTEM (EFS-WEB) Not applicable

STATEMENT REGARDING PRIOR DISCLOSURES BY THE INVENTOR OR A JOINT INVENTOR

This patent application claims the benefit of U. S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/095.021. entitled Provisional 12/14 In-Pipe Turbine System and Controls, filed December 22. 2014.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the operation of turbines within a piping system involved in heating/cooling and/or heat transfer.

This particular aspect of in-pipe turbines has not been seen before.

A circulating heat transfer system in a building (or any similar arrangement) is an opportunity to recover energy spent on the pumping. After the fluid has done its job by being piped through a building up to the top, it descends, and in the process accumulates pressure, most of which is simply dissipated in the chiller or boiler in the basement. Placing a turbine before the entrance to the chiller or boiler is an opportunity to recover part of the pumped energy. A pressure valve might be present on the descent in a large building, and that might need to be removed in order to maximize the pressure and potential energy. A particularly good application of this would be to data centers.

Another location of potential savings is that if all fluid continues through the chillers or boilers even when the chillers or boilers are not turned on, the fluid comes to the pump after dissipation of die pressure, so the pump has to work harder. It is an original solution to save energy as well as make it by diverting the necessary flow to the turbine and chiller/boiler and the remainder without head loss to the pump. This application will describe how to implement this solution.

In order for in-pipe systems to operate, a gas exit nozzle is also advantageous. It is particularly required in this type of closed system. For example, if a turbine with gas inside the casing is located above a chiller, the gas will not escape downstream readily. Therefore, in order to respond to changes in the system's pressure and flow, a quick readjustment of ibe amount of gas inside the casing is useful. By contrast, in a fairly horizontal system, small amounts of gas, usually air, could bleed oil mote readily so that the system might he able to function without a gas exit nozzle because it is more dependent on receiving gas from the gas compressoi .

The author of this application formerly proposed in PCX 1B201 1 '052585 using a gas or air injection into a turbine in a pipe. That application taught the use of an air bubble within an in- pipe turbine from a gas compressor. Because the major intention was to use that with basically horizontal piping systems, the use of a gas exit nozzle was not considered. That is the first step of novelty in this application.

That nozzle needs to be attached to a controller, which also is attached to a gas compressor, all of which together regulate the amount of gas and its pressure inside the casing of a piping system.

There is an additional reason that a gas exit nozzle is useful in the context of heating and cooling systems in buildings. In most cases, this is a closed loop. If the pressure is the same all around, then there is no use for a turbine that will only block the way and increase the resistance. Therefore, quick adjustments in the volumes of^* gas and liquid in the turbine casing may be required to keep the air separation in the casing, which blocks the closed loop. Another location tor interrupting a closed loop would be at the point where the circulating fluid starts to descend to the basement where the chiller or boiler is located, so that the head, a technical term for the drop in elevation or the pressure, develops from that point. And it would be ideal if there were no pressure release valves in the way.

In addition to the innovations of^* the gas nozzle and the new use in buildings and other temperature transfer environments, this application teaches some other ways to build on this configuration. For example, diverting the right amount of fluid from the path that leads to the turbine and chiller to the right location can reduce the cost of pumping by providing some starting pressure for the pump.

The structures noted above are innovative for any system. In particular they are necessary for a heating/cooling system.

BR I EF SUMMARY OF THE IN VENTiON

The present invention successfully addresses the shortcomings of the presently known configurations by providing an in-pipe turbine system with appropriate controls.

Numbers in parentheses refer to the source of the statement in the figures and are provided as a convenience to the examiner, as the following paragraphs restate the claims with some additional explanation.

It is now disclosed for the first time a piping system, defined as a system with the function of conveying fluid from one point to another, comprising:

a. an in-pipe turbine system, comprising at minimum a rotor (2) surrounded by a casing (1), a shaft (3) on the rotor, and a connected generator (4), with or without a gear connected to the shaft and the generator, the turbine operating from flow and excess pressure,

b. an inlet pipe (5) connected io the turbine system casing, and communicating with the casing's interior through a nozzle (6),

c. an outlet pipe (7), connected to the turbine system casing,

d. a gas compressor (8), attached and open to the casing via a nozzle (9), said nozzle located above the lowest level of the rotor,

e. a gas pressure sensor (10) within the casing,

f. a gas exit nozzle (14), attached to the interior of the casing on one end and the outside on the other, g. a microprocessor control system ( 1 V) comprising software and a data connection (H ) to the gas pressure sensor (10), operative to obtain feedback from the sensor, and comprising a data connection to send instructions (12, 15) to the gas compressor and gas exit nozzle, operative to generate a specific pressure in the casing to command that the gas pressure not exceed the head of die inlet pipe and its tributaries (5a and 5b), and to keep the inlet nozzle surrounded by gas.

Note that the gas pressure sensor can operate indirectly, as one can obtain the gas pressure through monitoring the fluid pressure.

The nozzle in the inlet pipe can be any of the types of nozzles that are known in hydroelectric design. The gas nozzle can be any kind of valve. Ideally, it is electrically controlled and offers a continuum of choices from completely closed to completely open.

The use of a gas exit nozzle and controller enables faster adjustment of the air pressure and volume of an in-pipe turbine system than was previously possible.

According to another embodiment, the piping system is part of a temperature transfer system. For example, a power plant often has circulating water for cooling purposes.

According to another embodiment, the piping system is part of a building^'s temperature transfer system. This means that the pipes carry hot or cold fluid whose temperature is to be exchanged. This has not been done before. One of the issues here is that the lack of proper control of the air component surrounding the turbine could result in back-ups which increase the load on a pump or other upstream system that requires energy input or a certain level of gravity to function. The combination of the gas exit nozzle and the command to limit the head addresses that problem, and enables a unique use of a turbine in this context.

In one embodiment, the system further comprises: h. a heating/cooling system (23), located downstream from and connected to the outlet pipe (7 and 22) of the turbine system (43 ).

An example of this would be a chiller. The objective is to maximize the electricity recovered from the system by placing the turbine close to the chiller.

In one embodiment, the system further comprises:

i. a diversion from the heating/cooling system in the pipe between the turbine and the heating/cooling system or a pipe around the turbine that bypasses the turbine and the heating/cooling system to a structure downstream from the heating/cooling system and the turbine system, a bypass of the heating/cooling system from either a diversion (28b) in the pipe between the turbine and the heating/cooling system (23) or a pipe (28b) that bypasses from a diversion (21, 27) the turbine and the heating/cooling system to a location downstream from the heating/cooling system and the turbine system.

This enables diversion of fluid that does not have to go through a chiller, tor example. The proper placement of valves such as 31 , 44, and 45. enable the proper flow. These valves in one embodiment operate on a continuum.

In one embodiment, the system as discussed in the several embodiments above further comprises:

j. a pump (25) downstream from the turbine system and the heating/cooling system and attached to a pipe (24) downstream from the heating/cooling system.

This last embodiment is compatible with the diversion of the pipe from upstream of the heating/cooling system to after it. By rejoining the circulation loop, that fluid can now be directed in the direction of the pump.

In one embodiment, the system further comprises: k. an expansion valve (45) adjustment. (This is defined as adding, subtracting, or altering.)

In one embodiment, the system further comprises:

1. a fluid exhaust pipe (42) located in the lower half of the system, connected to the piping system on one side and the outside on the other, optionally passing through a second turbine system (29) m. an on-off valve (31 ) connected to the upstream part of the fluid exhaust pipe,

n. a temperature sensor (32) adjacent to the fluid exhaust pipe,

o. a controller (13), connected to data from the temperature sensor, operative to release the fluid into the exhaust pipe at a specific temperature.

The idea of the fluid exhaust pipe is to set the parameters when one might want to divert the flow of fluid, which has already obtained a lot of heat from a source such as a power plant, away from the cooling system, or, in the absence of a cooling system and closed loop, to release it.

In one embodiment, the system with the pump further comprises:

p. a temperature sensor (32), at or upstream of the pump, connected to a controller ( 13) that instructs a valve (31 or 44) upstream of the heating/cooling system (23) to send a certain proportion of fluid through the heating/cooling system or divert it through a bypass pipe.

The temperature sensor is shown in just one of many locations upstream of the pump. In one embodiment, the system further comprises:

q. a variable gear, attached to the rotor through its shaft on one side and to the generator on the other.

The term "generator" here can be interpreted loosely, as meaning other types of energy generation such as compressed air and having attachments such as a gear. The generator can be variable in another embodiment. The variability enables more efficient response to changes in conditions.

In one embodiment, the system further comprises:

r. at least one alarm system (55), activated by the controller (50 or 13), alerting to at least one of the following: minimum and maximum water level inside the casing, minimum and maximum air pressure in the casing, minimum and maximum inlet water pressure, and failure of any part of the system.

The alarm system may be, for example, visual or auditory, or provide an alert with a preprogrammed response in the system.

Ii is now disclosed for the first time a method of obtaining hydroelectric energy from an at least partially closed loop temperature transfer piping system and reducing pumping costs, comprising:

a. providing a turbine system (43),

b. providing a heating/cooling system (23) downstream from the turbine system, said two systems connected by a pipe (7 and 22, which may be continuous),

c. providing a pump (25) downstieam from the heating/cooling system , connected by a pipe (24) to the heating/cooling system on one side, and to a temperature transfer piping system (26, 46) on the other,

d. providing at least one variable control valve (31 , 44, 45) upstream of the pump (25), said valve operative to divert fluid through a pipe to the pump without passing through the turbine system

(43),

e. providing a unidirectional valve (30) between the pump and the heating/cooling system, said valve operative to prevent back-pressure on the heating/cooling system, f. providing at least one temperature sensor (32) located in the temperature transfer piping system,

g. providing a microprocessor control system (13, 50) with software, connected to the turbine, valves, sensors, and pump, operative to control the amount of fluid entering the pump and the hea ti tig/cooling system and provide the right amount of heat exchange.

This method enables the optimal use of the head for operation of the turbine and the pump, while allowing die correct amount of fluid to pass through the chiller or boiler.

It is now disclosed for the first time a method of controlling a piped fluid temperature transfer system, comprising:

a. providing a heating/cooling system (56),

b. providing at least a first controller system for a piping system (50),

c. providing ai least one turbine system (43) in the piping system upstream of the heating/cooling system and operating from excess pressure and flow.

d. providing at least a second controller system for the temperature recipient system (51 j, defined as the system requiring the heat transfer, (in layman's terms, the customer)

e. providing at least one temperature sensor (52) in the piping system upstream of the

heating/cooling system.

f. providing at least one temperature sensor (53) in the temperature recipient system.

g. providing at least one valve (54) shuttling water to or away from the turbine.

h. providing a data sharing and command connection between the controllers, and the controllers and the temperature sensors and valves, wherein the piping system channels the fluid in accordance with the temperature command of the second controller system (51 ).

i. said controllers activate at least one valve in the piping system (54). In one embodiment, the method further comprises the step of setting a temperature value at which iluid may be discharged from the system.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises the step of cooling after a point, of exit.

It is now disclosed for the first lime a method of maximizing energy output from a piping system in a closed loop system, wherein a portion of the flow required for a heating/cooling system is passed through a valve and a pipe {5. 45) to a turbine system (43) on its descent, under the condition that the outlet pressure from the turbine is .sufficient to move it through the heating/cooling system, and any remaining How is diverted directly to a pump.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is herein described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a diagram of an in-pipe turbine with a gas pressure feedback loop.

Figure 2 is a diagram of a heating and cooling system.

Figure 3 is a diagram of a control system for integrating a piping system and a customer^'s heating system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to 'in-pipe" turbines within a piping system. Sometimes (his is misunderstood as any enclosure placed around a turbine. A piping system has the characteristic of conveying water from one location to another (even in a closed loop in this case because it proceeds from one interaction to the next) for a purpose and is in the midst of such a conveyance system. A weir or headrace for a hydroelectric dam is not included. However a long sequence of piped water with a turbine in the middle would be included. A municipal water system would be included. A building heal transfer system, such as a chiller, cooler, boiler, or CHP system, would be included, and is the main subject of this application.

Definitions: Healing can refer to hot or cold, meaning the regulation of changes of temperature. The piping system can be connected to a boiler or a chiller. The interest of this patent is in conveying the fluid and obtaining energy from the pressure and flow.

Excess pressure in a piping system refers to locations where the pressure is more than adequate to move the fluid to its destination.

Upstream and downstream have the usual meanings in a description of a flow, as the locations from which a flow comes or proceeds.

A "temperature transfer system" can refer to the piping system being in proximate contact with a source of heat or cold, as in a pipe of water absorbing heat from a power plant, or to a piping system whose purpose is to convey heat, such as the pipes attached to a chiller or CHP system. A "heating/cooling system" means a system that is made to heat or cool a structure such as a building, such as a chiller or a boiler. For the purpose of this patent and for clarity, the heating/cooling system refers to the apparatus that produces the temperature change, such as a boiler or chiller, and not to the pipes that convey it, which is the "'piping system".

This application refers to fluid and gases, usually meaning water and air. However, other types of fluids can be used. In general, in this context, "fluid" is meant to refer to the heavier substance, and "gas" to the lighter one. so this could apply where the gas pressure nozzle controls a lighter gas than the one used in the piping system. In that case of course, the outside communication would be not with the air but with a storage container for that gas.

The use of the term "building^*' is not meant to limit applications of the structures and methods herein to buildings. A building is a good example of a closed loop system. It is understood that in practice, there isn't a completely closed loop, as one may need to add fluid to the piping system, or withdraw from it, but after that it remains a closed loop for a period of time. Most applications discussed here refer to situations where the loop is closed part or all the time.

The principles and operation of a piping system involved in heat transfer according to the present invention may be better understood with reference to the drawings and the accompanying description.

The context of a temperature/transfer system in which in-pipe turbines operate gives life and meaning to the claims when mentioned.

Referring now to the drawings, Figure 1 illustrates an in-pipe turbine with a gas pressure feedback loop. Prior art does not describe this method in detail and does not list the structure of the gas exit nozzle. Figure 1 shows a casing ( 1 ) containing the turbine with a rotor (2) and shaft (3) and generator (4) (shown with dotted lines because in this perspective it would not be seen, and neither would be a gear, if attached). An inlet pipe (5) with a nozzle (6) enters the casing (1 ). An exit pipe (?) conveys the fluid away from the turbine and casing. A gas compressor (8), usually of air, connects to the casing through a nozzle (9). The gas compressor and nozzle work together to provide the right amount of gas to the interior of the casing. The right amount will usually be at least the amount required to keep the rotor blades free of water. A gas pressure sensor (10), which may obtain the pressure indirectly, such as through die pressure of the fluid below it. sends the data through a connection ( Π ) to a controller ( 13). The controller also has a connection (12) to a gas exit nozzle (14). The connections such as (1 1 ) and (12) to (13) do not need to be physically connected; in one embodiment they may be connected through any kind of network or communication. The controller ( 13) also has a connection (15) to the compressor (8) to direct it when to operate. The controller (13) is also optionally connected to other components and sensors and controllers to be described later. One of them is a fluid level sensor ( 16). The controller (15) adjusts (he pressure to enable the right fluid level based on input from ( 16). The inlet pipe may have multiple tributaries (5a and 5b), as in the case where different sections of a building's cooling system are returning to the basement.

Figure 2 is a diagram of a heating and cooling system (23) and its connections to enable a turbine to be placed upstream of it. It is connected to the turbine system (43) as also shown in Figure 1. Inlet pipe (5) and outlet pipe (7) are labeled here for convenience. In one scenario, the inlet pipe (5) is connected upstream to a manifold (20) which is connected to a diversion (21 ), which then can be connected either to piping (27), which is really just a continuation of (21 ), connecting with the rest of the outlet flow into a pipe, a continuation of the outlet pipe, here labeled as (22), which then proceeds into a heating/cooling system (23), or connected via a pipe (28) to one of 3 other paths. The diversions of pipes (28a and b) are controlled by temperature sensors to be described.

A control valve (45) will enable the shut off of fluid to the turbine.

A circulation system will often take fluid heated or cooled in a system such as (hat of heating/cooling system (23) from a pipe (24) to a pump (25), which is connected to a pipe (26), which then circulates the fluid. The arrows (46) indicate the progress of fluid throughout the system. There may optionally be an expansion valve (45) at any point in the system. This expansion valve could be helpful or a problem because it affects the pressure. It may have to be added or removed from the system, as it can affect the pressure.

Path 1 (40) leads from pipe (28a) directly to the pump. This has the advantage of being able to deliver some fluid with pressure to the pump. This reduces the load and energy expenditure of the pump. The fluid diverted in this way also saves energy if it doesn't need to be cooled or heated. This can only work if there is a check, one-way valve (30) between the heating system (23) and the pump (25) to prevent regurgitation of fluid into the heating/cooling system.

Path 2 (41 ) diverts the flow from the area downstream of the turbine (pipe 28b) via valve (44) directly to the pump. This enables another way to divert fluid from the chiller in such a way that the pump receives fluid that has pressure and its load is decreased. The use of this diversion obviously depends on the cooling needs of the system as determined by the controller. It also requires the use of check valve (30).

Path 3 (42) enables flow to continue through pipe (28a) optionally through a second turbine system (29), to the outside. This is for systems where some or all the fluid is not recirculated. If some is recirculated, the amount diverted to Path 3 (42) will be determined by a controller based upon the needs of the system, requiring feedback from the controller of the building, for example, and the temperature sensors (Figure 3). This enables some extraction of the energy from the fluid diverted around the heating/cooling system without the need lbr a check valve. A reason for Path 3 could be that it is not necessary or worthwhile to cool very hot fluid and easier (but maybe not so ecological) to release it outside. This requires a valve (31 ) located at the upstream end of (28a) and a temperature sensor (32) located upstream of pipe (28a) in the area of the intersection of manifold (20) and pipe (21 ). A further aspect of the control can be ecologically friendly: The control program method for allowing "dumped^*' fluid to exit via pipe (28a) in Path 3 sets the temperature for dumping at a pre-set value that does not harm the local environment. For example, the threshold lbr releasing water from a cooling system could be set to allow it at no greater than 30 degrees Centigrade. It could then proceed to an area of natural evaporative cooling. An expansion valve (47) may be present at some point in the whole system, not necessarily where it is shown. This may require removal in order to make the pressures work correctly.

The control of all these paths depends on a connection between temperature sensors and a controller that connects them to valves.

Figure 3 shows graphically the connections between the piping system and the system requiring heat transfer, referred to as the customer or temperature recipient system, just as in a building, the customer requires heat or cold, and a piping system is a means to circulate through the building. The customer has a temperature to which he sets his thermostat; the piping system needs a temperature sensor to know when to activate more or less flow through heating/cooling channels. For example, a temperature reading of 35 degrees Centigrade in the building would trigger a valve to allow more flow into the chiller in the basement. The controller of the piping system (50) is connected through commands and data transfer to the controller of the customer system (51 ) and to the heating/cooling system (56). This ability to control can be bi-directional in a more complex system, or unidirectional. At least one temperature sensor (52) sends data to die piping system, and at least one temperature sensor (53) sends data to the customer system. Either controller can send instructions to a valve (54) to open or close in order to send the right amount of fluid through the heating/cooling system. And of course the controller can perform the functions of controlling the gas inlet and outlet, and the other systems.

While the invention has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, it will be appreciated that many variations, modifications, methods, and other applications of the invention may be made.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS

1. A piping system, defined as a system with the function of conveying fluid from one point to another, comprising:

a. an in-pipe turbine system, operating from flow and excess pressure, comprising at minimum a rotor surrounded by a casing, a shaft on the rotor, and a connected generator, with or without a gear connected to the shaft and the generator,

b. an inlet pipe connected to the turbine system casing, and communicating with the casing^'s interior through a nozzle,

c. an outlet pipe, connected to the turbine system casing,

d. a gas compressor, attached and open to the casing via a nozzle, said nozzle located above the lowest level of the rotor,

e. a gas pressure sensor within the casing,

f. a gas exit nozzle, attached to the interior of the casing on one end and the outside on the other, g. a microprocessor control system comprising software and a data connection to the gas pressure sensor, operative to obtain feedback from the sensor, and comprising a data connection to send instructions to the gas compressor and gas exit nozzle, operative to to generate a specific pressure in the casing, to command that the gas pressure not exceed the bead of the inlet pipe and its tributaries, and to keep the inlet nozzle surrounded by gas.

2. The system of claim J , wherein the piping system is part of a temperature transfer system.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the piping .system is part of a building's temperature transfer system.

4. The system of claim 1, further comprising: h. a heating/cooling system, located downstream from and connected to the outlet pipe of the turbine system.

5. The system of claim 4, further comprising:

i. a bypass of the heating/cooling system from either a diversion in the pipe between the turbine and the heating/cooling system or a pipe that bypasses the turbine and the heating/cooling system to a location downstream from the heating/cooling system and the turbine system.

6. The system of claims 1, 2, 3, and 4. further comprising:

j. a pump downstream from the turbine system and the heating/cooling system, and attached to a pipe downstream from the heating/cooling system.

7. The system of claim I, further comprising:

k. an expansion valve removal or addition to the system.

8. The system of claim 2, further comprising:

I. a fluid exhaust pipe located in the lower half of the system, connected to the piping system on one side and the outside on the other, optionally passing through a second turbine system, m. an on-ofT valve connected to the upstream part of the fluid exhaust pipe,

n. a temperature sensor adjacent to the fluid exhaust pipe,

o. a controller, connected to data from the temperature sensor, operative to release the fluid into the exhaust pipe at a specific temperature.

9. The system of claim 6, further comprising:

p. a temperature sensor, at or upstream of the pump, with a data connection to a controller that instructs a valve upstream of the heating/cooling system to send a certain proportion of fluid through the heating/cooling system or divert it through a bypass pipe.

10. The system of claim 1 , further comprising: q. a variable gear, attached to the rotor through its shaft on one side and to the generator on the other.

1 1. The system of claims 1 , 2, 3, 4, and 6, further comprising:

r. at least one alarm system, alerting to at least one of the following: minimum and maximum water level inside the casing, minimum and maximum air pressure in the casing, minimum and maximum inlet water pressure, and failure of any part of the system.

12. A method of obtaining hydroelectric energy from an at least partially closed loop temperature transfer piping system with reduced pumping costs, comprising:

a. providing a turbine system,

b. providing a heating/cooling system downstream from the turbine system, said two systems connected by a pipe,

c. providing a pump downstream from the heating/cooling system , connected by a pipe to the heating'cooling system on one side, and to a temperature transfer mechanism on the other, d. providing at least one variable control valve upstream of the pump, said valve operative to divert fluid through a pipe to the pump without passing through the turbine system.

e. providing a unidirectional valve between the pump and the heating/cooling system, said valve operative to prevent back-pressure on the heating/cooling system,

f. providing at least one temperature sensor located in the temperature transfer piping system, g. providing a microprocessor control system with software, connected to the turbine, valves, sensors, and pump, operative to control the amount of fluid entering the pump and the heating'cooling system.

13. A method of controlling a piped fluid temperature transfer system, comprising a. providing a heating'cooling system. b. providing at least a first controller system for a piping system,

c. providing at least one turbine in die piping system upstream of the beating/cooling system and operating from excess pressure and flow,

d. providing at least a second controller system for the temperature recipient system, defined as the system requiring the heat transfer.

e. providing at least, one temperature sensor in the piping system upstream of the heatmg/cooiing system.

f. providing at least, one temperature sensor in the temperature recipient system,

g. providing at least one valve shuttling water to or away from the turbine

h. providing a data sharing and command connection between the controllers, and the controllers and the temperature sensors and valves, wherein the piping system channels the fluid in accordance, with the temperature command of the second controller system,

i. said controllers activate at least one valve in the piping system.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising the step of setting a temperature value at which fluid may be discharged from the system.

15. The method of claim 13. further comprising cooling after a point of exit.

16. A method of maximizing energy output from a piping system in a closed loop system, wherein a portion of the How required for a heating/cooling system passes through a valve and a pipe to a turbine system on its descent, under the condition that the outlet pressure from the turbine is sufficient to move it through the heating/cooling system, and any remaining flow^? is diverted directly to a pump.