WO2016101921A1 - 总线式微功耗成组电池信息采集系统 - Google Patents

总线式微功耗成组电池信息采集系统 Download PDF

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WO2016101921A1
WO2016101921A1 PCT/CN2015/099024 CN2015099024W WO2016101921A1 WO 2016101921 A1 WO2016101921 A1 WO 2016101921A1 CN 2015099024 W CN2015099024 W CN 2015099024W WO 2016101921 A1 WO2016101921 A1 WO 2016101921A1
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battery
sampling
battery information
sampling board
bus
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PCT/CN2015/099024
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English (en)
French (fr)
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周逊伟
李晓杰
颜曦
舒家乐
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杭州协能科技股份有限公司
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Priority to US15/632,041 priority Critical patent/US10317476B2/en
Publication of WO2016101921A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016101921A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/44—Testing lamps
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/263—Arrangements for using multiple switchable power supplies, e.g. battery and AC
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/28—Supervision thereof, e.g. detecting power-supply failure by out of limits supervision
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/42—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation
    • G06F13/4282—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a serial bus, e.g. I2C bus, SPI bus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/374—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] with means for correcting the measurement for temperature or ageing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bus type micro power group battery information collecting system.
  • the battery information collection system is an important part of the battery management system. It is responsible for collecting all the electric heating information of the battery in real time and providing data support for the battery management system.
  • the traditional battery information acquisition system adopts an integrated acquisition method, that is, the sampling system is used as a single PCB board, and each sampling point information is introduced through a wire, and then the sampling module collectively processes the semaphores.
  • the common battery information collection scheme is mainly based on the acquisition scheme of the LTC6802 chip.
  • the LTC6802 is a battery voltage acquisition chip for 12-string battery packs from Linear Technology. It is generally used in 24-string or 36-string lithium battery or lead-acid battery management systems. For 24-string battery systems: 25 or 26 (two BAT12) and sample lines need to be routed from the 25 poles of the battery to the sampling board, and at least four temperature probes need to be placed in the battery compartment. The 8 wires of the 4 temperature probes are led to the sampling board. The LTC6802 then performs an ADC (Anolog to Digital Convertion) on the total of 28 analog quantities and transmits the digital signal to the microcontroller. If you need to increase the sampling information, for example, to increase the four temperature sampling points to 24, you need to add additional sampling chips or change the temperature sampling scheme on the sampling board.
  • ADC Analog to Digital Convertion
  • these semaphores are basically analog signals, and in some occasions where the field interference is serious, these analog quantities are very susceptible to various electromagnetic interference, making The data obtained by the set module is not credible;
  • the invention provides a bus type micro-power group battery information collecting system with small wire harness, high expandability and low power consumption.
  • sampling board adopts a KL series single chip microcomputer.
  • the sampling board is minimized, not only It can be placed in the battery case, and it can be assembled with the battery pack when the battery is produced. From the "birth” of the battery, the battery is followed to become the "life recorder" of the battery.
  • the power interface of the single chip of the sampling board is powered by a battery connected thereto.
  • the battery-powered mode saves one power supply and reduces the sampling board area, that is, the single-chip microcomputer is directly powered by the battery, which in turn determines that the ADC of the sampling board cannot directly obtain the battery voltage value, and the present invention uses the battery voltage as the reference voltage. Then read a calibrated 1V voltage inside the chip, the value obtained by the ADC can be reversed to get the battery voltage data.
  • the sampling board is provided with a plurality of sensors for collecting different information of the battery.
  • the necessary sensors such as temperature and voltage sensors are available, and the sensor can be added according to your needs.
  • the sampling board is provided with an optocoupler for isolation, and the levels of the two ends of the optocoupler are opposite.
  • the data transmission line is isolated from the upper layer data summary unit by the optical coupler.
  • the communication bus refers to the design of the IIC bus, and considering the characteristics of the UART communication itself, the UART bus communication is finally realized by the optical coupler. .
  • the static power consumption of the sampling board is less than 3 microamps.
  • the battery information acquisition system does not have a negative impact on battery life.
  • each sampling board will have its own window time. Only in its own window time, the sampling board can send data. Other time, the module is self-sleeping, and it is in low power mode, reducing power consumption.
  • Simple wiring harness Using discrete sampling method, the battery information is collected nearby, converted into a digital signal, and then the battery information is transmitted to the control unit through the digital bus, which greatly simplifies the wiring harness in the battery box, so that the conventional Ten sampling lines have become four digital communication lines.
  • the sampling board can be placed in the battery pack, or placed close to the side of the single battery, its The body is small and greatly reduces the size of the data collection center on it.
  • Micropower consumption The static power consumption of the 12-string lithium iron phosphate battery sampling system of the traditional LTC6802 solution reaches 2.4mW, while the static power consumption of the present invention is lower than 0.1152mW or 115.2uW, realizing the micro power design.
  • each sampling board is independent, so for a variety of different battery group solutions, only need to be based on the number of different battery sections, with the corresponding number of sampling boards can form a complete battery information Acquisition System.
  • the invention also supports access of different sensors, and can realize other necessary information collection.
  • a bus type micro-power group battery information collecting system includes a plurality of batteries 1 connected in series, and each of the batteries 1 is connected with an independent sampling board 2 for sampling information, and each sampling board 2 are all installed in the vicinity of the corresponding battery and connected to a communication bus 4 which is laid in the vicinity, and the communication bus 4 is connected to the slave control board 3 for data aggregation.
  • the invention is provided with a sampling board 2 in the vicinity of each battery 1, each sampling board 2 is connected to the communication bus 4, and the lead line from the communication bus 4 is connected with the slave control board 3, which greatly simplifies the wiring harness in the box.
  • the sampling error due to line length, electromagnetic interference and various unpredictable problems is effectively reduced.
  • each of the sampling boards 2 is relatively independent, so that it can be adapted to any battery grouping scheme without having to redesign the battery information collecting system for different grouping schemes, ensuring the portability and scalability of the scheme.
  • the sampling board 2 of the invention adopts a KL series single chip microcomputer.
  • the sampling board 2 is miniaturized, and can be placed not only in the battery case, but also in the production of the battery, assembled with the battery pack, from the battery The pool "birth” began to follow the battery and became the "life recorder” of the battery.
  • the sampling board 2 of the present invention is provided with a plurality of sensors for collecting different information of the battery.
  • the necessary sensors such as temperature and voltage sensors are available, and the sensor can be added according to your needs.
  • the sampling plate 2 of the present invention is provided with an optical coupler for isolation (not shown), and the levels of the two ends of the optical coupler are opposite.
  • the data transmission line is isolated from the upper layer data summary unit by the optical coupler.
  • the communication bus refers to the design of the IIC bus, and considering the characteristics of the UART communication itself, the UART bus communication is finally realized by the optical coupler. .
  • the level of the two ends of the optocoupler is set to be opposite, in line with the low power consumption design.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

总线式微功耗成组电池信息采集系统，包括多个串联连接的电池(1)，每个所述电池(1)上均连接有对其进行信息采样的独立的采样板(2)，每个采样板(2)均安装在对应的电池(1)附近并与铺设在附近的通讯总线(4)连接，所述通讯总线(4)与数据汇总用的从控板(3)连接。通过在每个电池(1)的附近配备一个采样板(2)，每个采样板(2)就近与通讯总线(4)连接，再从通讯总线(4)上引出线与从控板(3)连接，大大简化了箱体内线束，同时有效降低了由于线长、电磁干扰以及各种不可预知问题的干扰到来的采样误差。而且每一个采样板(2)都是相对独立的，使得可以适应任何的电池成组方案，而不必为了不同成组方案再重新设计电池信息采集系统，保证了方案的可移植性以及可扩展性。

Description

总线式微功耗成组电池信息采集系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种总线式微功耗成组电池信息采集系统。
背景技术
电池信息采集系统是电池管理系统的重要组成部分，它负责实时地采集电池的所有电热等信息，为电池管理系统提供数据支持。
传统的电池信息采集系统采用的是集成式的采集方式，即采样系统作为一个单独的PCB板，通过导线引入各个采样点信息，然后由采样模块集中处理这些信号量。常见电池信息采集方案主要是基于LTC6802芯片的采集方案。
LTC6802是Linear Technology公司的一款针对12串成组电池的电池电压采集芯片，一般应用于24串成组或者36串成组的锂电池或者铅酸电池电池管理系统中。针对24串成组的电池系统：需要将25或者26(两根BAT12)跟采样线从电池25个极点上引到采样板上，同时需要放置至少四个温度探头在电池箱体内，并将这4个温度探头的8根线引到采样板上。随后由LTC6802对这总共28个模拟量做ADC(Anolog to Digital Convertion)，并将数字信号传输到单片机。如果需要增加采样信息，例如把4个温度采样点增加到24个，那么就需要在采样板上另外增加采样芯片或者变更温度采样方案。
这种传统的电池信息采集方案有如下一些缺点：
1、线束多、复杂：由于集成式的采集需要通过导线将信号量引到采集模块，那么随着需要采集的信号量的增加，线束也随之不断增加，对于电池箱体体积的要求也不断增加；
2、干扰严重：在引到采集模块处理之前，这些信号量基本都是模拟信号，而在一些现场干扰比较严重的场合，这些模拟量极容易受到各种电磁干扰，使得采 集模块得到的数据不可信；
3、不具备可扩展性：传统的采集系统因为是采用集中处理模式，所以更多的是针对某一种成组形式开发的，如果成组方式改变，特别是单组电池增加电池串联节数(例如原先是24串电池成组，现在变成36串成组)时，传统的采集系统就需要重新设计，并且重新布线；
4、功耗大：多路电池信息集中采样，就要求使用高速的ADC来满足采样频率的要求，而高速意味着高功耗，对于BMS来说提供电池续航时间是主要目标，过多地消耗电池能量显然是难以接受的。我们以单个LTC6802，12串磷酸铁锂电池为例，12串磷酸铁锂电池的总电压约为38.4V，LTC6802在稳态时的电流约为62.5uA,那么实际功耗约为38.4V*62.5uA＝2.4mW。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种线束小、扩展性高、功耗低的总线式微功耗成组电池信息采集系统。
本发明采用的技术方案是：
总线式微功耗成组电池信息采集系统，包括多个串联连接的电池，其特征在于：每个所述电池上均连接有对其进行信息采样的独立的采样板，每个采样板均安装在对应的电池附近并与铺设在附近的通讯总线连接，所述通讯总线与数据汇总用的从控板连接。本发明通过在每个电池的附近配备一个采样板，每个采样板就近与通讯总线连接，再从通讯总线上引出线与从控板连接，大大简化了箱体内线束，同时有效降低了由于线长、电磁干扰以及各种不可预知问题的干扰到来的采样误差。而且每一个采样板都是相对独立的，使得可以适应任何的电池成组方案，而不必为了不同成组方案再重新设计电池信息采集系统，保证了方案的可移植性以及可扩展性。
进一步，所述采样板采用KL系列单片机。采样板做到了体积最小化，不仅 可以放置在电池箱体内，还可以在电池生产时，跟电池单包一起组装，从电池“出生”开始一直跟随电池，成为电池的“生命记录仪”。
进一步，所述采样板的单片机的电源接口与由其采样的电池连接对其供电。采用电池供电的方式，从而省去一个电源，减少了采样板面积，即单片机由电池直接供电，而这又决定了采样板的ADC无法直接得到电池电压值，本发明以电池电压为基准电压，然后读取芯片内部的一个经过校准的1V电压，通过ADC得到的数值可以反推得到电池电压数据。
进一步，所述采样板上设置有采集电池不同信息的多种传感器。必要的传感器比如温度、电压的传感器都是有的，传感器还可以根据自己的需要增加。
进一步，所述采样板上设置有隔离用的光耦合器，所述光耦合器的两端电平是相反的。数据传输线通过光耦合器与上层数据汇总单元实现隔离，为实现总线式传输，通讯总线参考了IIC总线的设计，并且考虑了UART通信本身的特点，最终通过光耦合器实现了UART的总线式通信。
进一步，所述采样板的静态功耗小于3微安。那么针对12串磷酸铁锂电池，12个采样板的功耗为：3.2V*3uA*12＝115.2uW＝0.1152mW。远小于LTC6802方案的功耗，最大程度上保证了电池信息采集系统不对电池寿命产生消极影响。而且每个采样板都会有自己的窗口时间，只有在自己的窗口时间内，采样板才能发送数据，其他时间模块自休眠，处于低功耗模式，降低功耗。
本发明的有益效果：
1、线束简单：采用离散式采样的方式，就近对电池信息进行采集，就近转换成数字信号，然后通过数字总线将电池信息传输到控制单元，大大简化了电池箱体内的线束，使得传统的几十根采样线变成了四根数字通信线。
2、体积小：采样板可以放置在电池包内，或者就近放置在单体电池边上，其本 身体积小，并且大大减小了其上的数据采集中心的体积。
3、微功耗：传统LTC6802方案的12串磷酸铁锂电池采样系统静态功耗达到了2.4mW，而本发明的静态功耗低于0.1152mW即115.2uW，真正实现了微功耗设计。
4、可扩展性：由于每一个采样板都是独立的，所以针对各种不同的电池组成组方案，只需要根据不同的电池节数，配备相应的采样板数就可以组成一个完整的电池信息采集系统。同时，本发明还支持不同传感器的接入，可以实现其他必要的信息采集。
附图说明
图1是本发明的电路原理框图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例来对本发明进行进一步说明，但并不将本发明局限于这些具体实施方式。本领域技术人员应该认识到，本发明涵盖了权利要求书范围内所可能包括的所有备选方案、改进方案和等效方案。
参照图1，总线式微功耗成组电池信息采集系统，包括多个串联连接的电池1，每个所述电池1上均连接有对其进行信息采样的独立的采样板2，每个采样板2均安装在对应的电池附近并与铺设在附近的通讯总线4连接，所述通讯总线4与数据汇总用的从控板3连接。本发明通过在每个电池1的附近配备一个采样板2，每个采样板2就近与通讯总线4连接，再从通讯总线4上引出线与从控板3连接，大大简化了箱体内线束，同时有效降低了由于线长、电磁干扰以及各种不可预知问题的干扰到来的采样误差。而且每一个采样板2都是相对独立的，使得可以适应任何的电池成组方案，而不必为了不同成组方案再重新设计电池信息采集系统，保证了方案的可移植性以及可扩展性。
本发明所述采样板2采用KL系列单片机。采样板2做到了体积最小化，不仅可以放置在电池箱体内，还可以在电池生产时，跟电池单包一起组装，从电 池“出生”开始一直跟随电池，成为电池的“生命记录仪”。
本发明所述采样板2的单片机的电源接口与由其采样的电池1连接对其供电。采用电池供电的方式，从而省去一个电源，减少了采样板2面积，即单片机由电池1直接供电，而这又决定了采样板的ADC无法直接得到电池1电压值，本发明以电池1电压为基准电压，然后读取芯片内部的一个经过校准的1V电压，通过ADC得到的数值可以反推得到电池1电压数据。
本发明所述采样板2上设置有采集电池不同信息的多种传感器。必要的传感器比如温度、电压的传感器都是有的，传感器还可以根据自己的需要增加。
本发明所述采样板2上设置有隔离用的光耦合器(图中未标示)，所述光耦合器的两端电平是相反的。数据传输线通过光耦合器与上层数据汇总单元实现隔离，为实现总线式传输，通讯总线参考了IIC总线的设计，并且考虑了UART通信本身的特点，最终通过光耦合器实现了UART的总线式通信。将光耦合器的两端电平设置成相反的，符合低功耗的设计。
本发明所述采样板2的静态功耗小于3微安。那么针对12串磷酸铁锂电池，12个采样板2的功耗为：3.2V*3uA*12＝115.2uW＝0.1152mW。远小于LTC6802方案的功耗，最大程度上保证了电池信息采集系统不对电池寿命产生消极影响。而且每个采样板2都会有自己的窗口时间，只有在自己的窗口时间内，采样板才能发送数据，其他时间模块自休眠，处于低功耗模式，降低功耗。

Claims (6)

  1. 总线式微功耗成组电池信息采集系统，包括多个串联连接的电池，其特征在于：每个所述电池上均连接有对其进行信息采样的独立的采样板，每个采样板均安装在对应的电池附近并与铺设在附近的通讯总线连接，所述通讯总线与数据汇总用的从控板连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的总线式微功耗成组电池信息采集系统，其特征在于：所述采样板采用KL系列单片机。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的总线式微功耗成组电池信息采集系统，其特征在于：所述采样板的单片机的电源接口与由其采样的电池连接对其供电。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的总线式微功耗成组电池信息采集系统，其特征在于：所述采样板上设置有采集电池不同信息的多种传感器。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的总线式微功耗成组电池信息采集系统，其特征在于：所述采样板上设置有隔离用的光耦合器，所述光耦合器的两端电平是相反的。
  6. 如权利要求1～6之一所述的总线式微功耗成组电池信息采集系统，其特征在于：所述采样板的静态功耗小于3微安。
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