WO2016101810A1 - Procédé pour commuter un objet d'affichage dans un système à fenêtres multiples et dispositif associé - Google Patents

Procédé pour commuter un objet d'affichage dans un système à fenêtres multiples et dispositif associé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016101810A1
WO2016101810A1 PCT/CN2015/097479 CN2015097479W WO2016101810A1 WO 2016101810 A1 WO2016101810 A1 WO 2016101810A1 CN 2015097479 W CN2015097479 W CN 2015097479W WO 2016101810 A1 WO2016101810 A1 WO 2016101810A1
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Prior art keywords
window
display object
application
display
unit
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PCT/CN2015/097479
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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任俊彦
费建江
姜德
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阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司
任俊彦
费建江
姜德
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Publication of WO2016101810A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016101810A1/fr

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0481Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of computer technology, and in particular, to a method and device for switching display objects in a multi-window system.
  • Z-order refers to the stacking order of these windows in a stack of stacked windows.
  • the stacking of windows refers to stacking windows along a virtual axis (generally referred to as the Z axis) extending from the screen to the outside of the screen, and the window at the top of the Z-order (ie, the top window, such as window n) It will be pressed on other windows, and the window at the bottom of the Z-order (ie the bottom window, such as window 1) will be pressed by other windows.
  • the input event distribution mechanism of the existing Android native system (hereinafter referred to as the system) is that if there is a click action, the java layer of the system generates an input event containing coordinate values of the click point (for example, x, y coordinate values).
  • the input module traverses the window attribute in the input list (InputList) in order from the top window to the bottom window; if a window is found to be a clickable window according to the window property, the event is distributed Go to the display unit of this window and end the traversal; after that, if the display unit determines that the coordinate value of the click point included in the input event is in the touchable area of the display unit (TouchableRegion), the event will be processed, otherwise the The event is processed.
  • InputList input list
  • the currently launched applications are Application A and Application B
  • Application A is the currently displayed application (ie, the window of Application A is the top window)
  • the window of Application B is applied by A.
  • the window is partially obscured.
  • the mouse clicks on the window of the application B and the generated input event is only sent to the top window under the existing distribution mechanism, that is, only the display unit of the window of the application A is sent. Understandably: because the position (coordinate) of the mouse click has exceeded The window area of the application A is out, so even if the generated input event is sent to the display unit of the window of the application A, the display unit does not process the input event, so that window switching does not occur.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for switching display objects in a multi-window system, which is used to solve the problem that the display object switching cannot be implemented based on input events in the Android native system.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a device for switching display objects in a multi-window system, which is used to solve the problem that the display object switching cannot be implemented based on input events in the Android native system.
  • a method for switching a display object in a multi-window system includes: obtaining a coordinate value of a click point included in an input event; determining whether a display object corresponding to the clickable area including the coordinate value is a top display object; Otherwise, the display object is set as the top display object, and the display interface is refreshed.
  • a device for switching a display object in a multi-window system comprising: a coordinate value obtaining unit, configured to obtain a coordinate value of a click point included in an input event; and a determining unit, configured to determine a coordinate value obtained by the coordinate value obtaining unit Whether the display object corresponding to the click area is the top display object; and the interface refreshing unit is configured to set the display object as the top display object and refresh the display interface when the determination result obtained by the determining unit is negative.
  • the display object Since it is determined that the display object corresponding to the clickable area including the coordinate value of the click point is not the top display object, the display object is set as the top display object for display, thereby solving the problem that the Android native system cannot implement the window based on the input event. Switching problems.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a list sequence of a Z-order according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of application A and application B before window switching according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an activity stack of application A and application B in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a multi-window display according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for switching a display object in a multi-window system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for switching a window in a multi-window system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a correspondence between an input list and a Z-order list provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of steps of a method for switching a window in a multi-window system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of application A and application B after window switching according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for switching a display object in a multi-window system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • step S101 Before introducing the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application, an implementation manner of a multi-window system is first introduced. Specifically, the method includes step S101 and step S102:
  • S101 The terminal saves each display unit of the application in the application for each application that is started. Corresponding containers, in which different applications correspond to different containers.
  • the terminal includes but is not limited to: a mobile phone, a tablet computer, and the like.
  • each display unit for displaying the interface of the application is started separately during the running of the application.
  • the terminal may instantiate a container for the application for each application that has been started, and then save each display unit that has been activated by the application in a corresponding container, and subsequently display the corresponding application interface.
  • the container may be a stack, and the display unit at the top of the stack is in an active state, and the display unit in the active state is called by the application process or thread to display the corresponding display unit to the user.
  • the application interface, the content on the application interface corresponding to the display unit can be refreshed in real time, and can interact with the user through preset various input commands, and at this time, other display units in the stack are in a Paused state or The Stopped state, the display unit in the Paused state or the Stopped state is not currently displayed to the user.
  • the display unit corresponding to the other application interface is popped from the stack and re-saved at the top of the stack, that is, activated and switched to the Active state, correspondingly
  • the storage location of the original display unit at the top of the stack moves downward and switches to the Paused state or the Stopped state, and the other application interface becomes the application interface currently displayed to the user.
  • S102 The terminal displays a window of the application according to the window attribute of the application and each display unit saved in the container corresponding to the application.
  • each display unit of the application includes various display elements, such as text, pictures, videos, controls, and the like, on the application interface defined in advance.
  • the application process instructs the display unit to display the application interface
  • the resolution information of the current terminal screen is obtained, and then the application interface is directly displayed on the terminal screen in an adaptive manner according to the resolution information.
  • the window attribute may be predefined to save the related information, and the lifetime of the window is Track and update these related information (from the time the window is created until the time the window is closed).
  • the window attribute may include a window length value, a window width value, and a window coordinate value, etc.
  • the coordinate referenced by the window coordinate value is a two-dimensional coordinate on the current terminal screen, and the window coordinate value is used to locate the position of the window on the current terminal screen, which may be the coordinate of the intersection of two diagonal lines of the window. It can also be the coordinates of other specific points in the window area (such as the vertices of the window). For the rectangular window whose window length value, window width value and window coordinate value are determined, the size and position of the window are determined.
  • the terminal may determine the size and location of the window on the screen of the terminal according to the window attribute of the application, and then invoke the corresponding display unit saved in the corresponding container of the application by the corresponding process or thread to display the application. Window.
  • the display unit specifically includes an activity
  • the container specifically includes an activity stack.
  • the activity stack is a first-in/Last-Out data structure, and the valid data stored is the activity of the application corresponding to the activity stack.
  • the following describes an example of saving the activity provided by the embodiment of the present application. It is assumed that the application A and the application B have been started on the terminal, wherein the application A has started two activities (activityA1, activityA2), and the application B has started three activities. (activityB1 ⁇ activityB3), the terminal instantiates two activity stacks for saving the activity of application A and the activity of application B respectively.
  • Figure 2 shows the activity stack of application A and application B.
  • the left side is the stack of application A
  • the right side is the activity stack of application B.
  • only activityA2 and activityB3 located at the top of the two stacks are in the active state, and other activities are in the Paused state or the Stopped state.
  • application A is displaying the application interface corresponding to activityA2
  • application B is displaying the application interface corresponding to activityB3.
  • the terminal can pop the activityA2 and activityA1 in the activity stack of application A in turn, and then add activityA2 and activityA1 to the stack, so that activityA1 is located in the application.
  • activityA1 switches to the active state
  • activityA2 switches to the Paused state or the Stopped state.
  • the related process or thread of the application A can call activityA1 to display the corresponding application interface.
  • the implementation manner of another multi-window system may specifically include the following steps 1 and 2:
  • Step 1 For each application that has been started, save the display unit of each application in at least one container.
  • the display unit may be an activity
  • the container may be an activity stack.
  • the terminal may instantiate an activity stack for each application to save the activity of the application, or directly instantiate one or more activity stacks for each application to share the activity stack.
  • the activity of each application is saved in these activity stacks, and is subsequently used for display.
  • Step 2 Display a plurality of windows according to the set window attribute and each display unit saved in the container, wherein at least one window displays two or more visual units.
  • the terminal may display a window for each activated application according to the set window attribute and each display unit saved in the activity stack, so that only the application is displayed in each application window. Your own visual unit.
  • the terminal may also first instantiate one or more windows according to the set window property, and then display two or more visual units in each window according to each display unit saved in the activity stack, thereby increasing the window. Use efficiency.
  • the two or more visual units displayed in the same window may belong to the same application or belong to different applications.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of multi-window display in such a scene, and it can be seen that two windows are displayed on the terminal screen.
  • the window "Apply A&B” is a window shared by the application A and the application B, and the left side of the display area of the window (that is, the left side of the dotted line) is the visual unit of the application A displayed according to the activity of the application A (also The real-time content), on the right side of the display area of the window (that is, to the right of the dotted line) is the visual unit of the application B displayed according to the activity of the application B.
  • the window "App C” is the window of the application C, on the left side of the display area of the window (ie, the dotted line
  • the left side is based on an activity of the application C
  • the first visible unit of the displayed application C on the right side of the display area of the window (ie, to the right of the dotted line) is another activity according to the application C
  • the second visible unit of application C is displayed.
  • each visual unit in the window display area may be in the window attribute of the window.
  • the position and position which may be referred to herein as sub-areas, are predefined so that each visual unit can be correctly displayed in the corresponding sub-area.
  • each visual unit may be completely overlapped or partially overlapped in the same window, or may not be displayed in an overlapping manner.
  • the terminal can instantiate multiple activity stacks to save the activity of each launched application, the terminal can simultaneously display multiple windows according to the display unit at the top of each activity stack, and can be configured according to the set window.
  • the attribute pre-divides a plurality of sub-areas for the window display area, so that one visual unit can be displayed in each sub-area in the same window, so that the visual units of the plurality of applications can be simultaneously displayed on the terminal screen.
  • the embodiment of the present application first provides a method for switching the display object in the multi-window system, and the method includes the following steps as shown in FIG. 4 . :
  • Step 41 Obtain coordinate values of click points included in the input event
  • Step 42 determining whether the display object corresponding to the TouchableRegion containing the coordinate value of the click point is the top display object; when the determination result indicates that the display object is not the top display object, step 43 is performed;
  • the TouchableRegion mentioned herein may be a window attribute in the input list maintained by the input module described in the background art.
  • a window attribute corresponding to a single window represents at least a coordinate range of a clickable area of a single window, that is, a coordinate value of a clickable point located within the area.
  • the window properties can also represent other parameters of the window, such as size, location on the display screen, and/or width and height.
  • the window is clickable The coordinate range of the area and the values of other parameters can be changed.
  • the above TouchableRegion may be a new window attribute obtained by modifying the window attribute described in the background art.
  • the new window attribute may specifically be an attribute of a visual unit in the window.
  • An attribute corresponding to a single visual unit represents at least a coordinate range of a clickable area of a single visual unit, that is, a coordinate value of a clickable point located within the area.
  • the window attribute can also represent other parameters of the visual unit, such as size, location on the display screen, and/or width and height. In the embodiment of the present application, the coordinate range of the clickable area of the visual unit and the values of other parameters may be changed.
  • step 43 the display object is set as the top display object, and the display interface is refreshed.
  • the visual unit is set as the top visual unit (the top visual unit may also be referred to as a focus visible unit), meaning that the window in which the visual unit is located is also Set to the top window (the top window can also be called the focus window).
  • the display object when it is determined that the display object corresponding to the clickable area including the coordinate value of the click point is not the top display object, the display object is set as the top display object for display, thereby solving the problem.
  • the problem of window switching cannot be implemented based on input events in Android native systems.
  • the TouchableRegion in the input list may be updated before determining whether the display object corresponding to the TouchableRegion including the coordinate value of the click point is the top display object.
  • the manner of determining whether the display object corresponding to the clickable area of the coordinate value of the click point is the top display object may include:
  • the update to the input list may be periodic or non-periodic.
  • the update manner may include: after determining that the TouchableRegion of the display object changes, updating the TouchableRegion in the input list according to the changed TouchableRegion.
  • the implementation of setting the display object to the top display object can be accomplished by modifying the list of Z-orders.
  • the Z-order value of the display object is stored in the Z-order list.
  • the multi-window system uses the value of the Z-order stored in the Z-order list as the basis for determining the order in which the display objects are arranged.
  • the non-top display object can be set as the top display object by updating the value of the Z-order of the non-top display object to be greater than the value of the Z-order of other display objects in the multi-window system.
  • the method may further include the step of: transmitting the input event to the display unit of the display object corresponding to the TouchableRegion including the coordinate value of the click point.
  • Another embodiment of the present application taking a display object as a window, as an example, discloses an apparatus 100 for switching a window in a multi-window system, which can be used, for example, on a device such as an all-in-one.
  • the apparatus 100 for switching windows under the multi-window system disclosed in the embodiment of the present application includes an update module 1, an input module 2, a judgment module 3, and a window manager module. .
  • the input module 2 maintains an input list (InputList) 21 in which the window attributes corresponding to each display unit are stored.
  • the input list 21 is related to the list 5 of the Z-order. correspond.
  • the window attribute contained in the input list 21 is specifically O1, O2 until On, where O1 is the window attribute of the window numbered 1, the meaning of O2 ⁇ On, and the like;
  • Z of the Z-order list 5 The value of the sequence is specifically Z1, Z2 up to Zn, where Z1 is the value of the Z-order of the window numbered 1, and the meaning of Z2-Zn is equivalent; then O1 corresponds to Z1, O2 corresponds to Z2, and On corresponds to Zn. .
  • the window attribute maintained by the input module 2 has a window attribute named "Touchable Region", and the information indicates at least the coordinate range of the clickable area of the window, that is, the coordinate value of the clickable point located in the area. .
  • the information may also represent other parameters of the window, such as size, location on the display screen, and/or width and height.
  • the coordinate range of the clickable area of the window and the values of other parameters may be changed.
  • FIG. 7 describes the method for switching between multiple windows of the present application, and the method includes the following steps:
  • WindowPanel the role of WindowPanel is to record the state of the window.
  • step S1 mainly includes: updating the TouchableRegion in the input list 21 according to the current TouchableRegion of the application, so that the TouchableRegion in the input list 21 is synchronized with the current TouchableRegion of the application.
  • S3 the display unit that receives the input event determines whether the corresponding window is the top window; if yes, the display unit processes the event, for example, determines the button position, etc.; if not, the display unit sends a request to the window management module 4;
  • the window management module 4 modifies the order of the window list (WindowList), thereby triggering the Z-order change, and finally modifying the Z-order list 5; then refreshing the user interface (UI), This achieves the switching of multiple windows.
  • the execution timing of step S1 may include: dragging the window, changing the size of the window, etc., to ensure that subsequent click actions can be based on the latest window state.
  • step S2 please refer to FIG. 1b, for example, the activated application is application A and application B, application A is the currently displayed application, and the application B window is applied to the window portion of application A.
  • the occlusion at which point the mouse clicks on the window of application B, the multi-window system 100 of the present application also causes the input event to be correctly passed to the display unit of the window of the partially occluded application B.
  • step S4 after modifying the list 5 of the Z-order, the value of the Z order of the application B may be made larger than the value of the Z order of the application A. Further, in the process of executing the refresh UI, the window management module 4 may determine, according to the modified list of Z-orders 5, that the value of the Z-order of the application B is currently the largest Z-order value, thereby applying The window of B is displayed as the top window, that is, the display unit of all the applications B is swapped with the display unit of the application A, thereby completing the window for switching the application window B to the top window based on the input event (refer to FIG. 8).
  • the parameters of the WindowPanel of the application in the embodiment of the present application can be updated; the application changes the distribution mechanism of the input event, enables the input event to be transmitted to the non-top display unit, and modifies the Z-order Listing 5, the final realization of the function of window switching by mouse.
  • each module of the device 100 for switching windows under the multi-window system is as follows:
  • the update module 1 is configured to update the parameter of the WindowPanel of the application to the clickable area of the corresponding window; wherein the function of the WindowPanel is to record the state of the window;
  • the input module 2 is configured to generate an input event when there is a click action, each input event contains a coordinate value of the click (for example, an x, y coordinate value), and then traverses the input list 21 in order; if a window is found
  • the clickable area of the port contains the coordinates of the input, and the event is distributed to the window even if the window is a non-top display unit;
  • the determining module 3 is configured to determine whether the window corresponding to the event is the current window; if yes, the window is processed, for example, determining the button position, etc.; if not, sending a request to the window management module 4;
  • the window management module 4 is configured to modify the order of the window list (WindowList) after receiving the request, thereby triggering the Z-order change, and finally modifying the Z-order list 5; then notifying the UI to refresh, thus implementing the multi-window Switching.
  • the parameter update of the applied WindowPanel includes dragging the window, changing the size of the window, etc. to ensure that subsequent click actions can be based on the latest window state.
  • the launched application is application A and application B
  • application A is the currently displayed application
  • the application B window is partially blocked by the application A window, at this time the mouse clicks the application B window, this
  • the requested multi-window system 100 also enables input events to be properly passed to the partially occluded application B window.
  • the display unit of the application B is swapped with the display unit of the application A, thus completing the mouse click switching application B.
  • the parameters of the WindowPanel of the application in the embodiment of the present application can be updated; the application changes the distribution mechanism of the input event, enables the click event to be transmitted to the non-top display unit, and modifies the Z-order Listing 5, the final realization of the function of window switching by mouse.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a device for switching the display object in the multi-window system.
  • the specific structure of the device is shown in FIG. 9 , and the coordinate value is obtained.
  • a coordinate value obtaining unit 91 configured to obtain a coordinate value of a click point included in the input event
  • a determining unit 92 configured to determine whether a display object (hereinafter referred to as the display object) corresponding to the clickable area of the coordinate value obtained by the coordinate value obtaining unit 91 is a top display object;
  • the interface refreshing unit 93 is configured to set the display object as the top display object and refresh the display interface when the determination result obtained by the determining unit 92 is negative.
  • the interface refresh unit 93 may be configured to: update the value of the Z-order of the display object to be greater than the value of the Z-order of other display objects in the multi-window system.
  • the above apparatus may further include an attribute information updating unit.
  • the unit is configured to update the clickable area TouchableRegion in the input list before the determining unit determines whether the display object corresponding to the clickable area including the coordinate value of the click point is the top display object.
  • the determining unit 92 may be configured to determine the TouchableRegion including the coordinate value by traversing the TouchableRegion in the input list; and determine whether the display object corresponding to the TouchableRegion including the coordinate value of the click point is the top display object.
  • the attribute information updating unit may be configured to: after determining that the TouchableRegion of the display object in the multi-window system changes, update the TouchableRegion in the input list according to the changed TouchableRegion.
  • the apparatus may further include: a sending unit, configured to send an input event to the display unit of the display object.
  • the apparatus shown in FIG. 9 may further include an execution saving unit and a display unit. among them:
  • the saving unit is configured to save, after the coordinate value obtaining unit 91 obtains the coordinate value of the click point included in the input event, the display unit of the application in the corresponding container of the application; wherein, at least There are two applications that have been launched, and different applications have different containers;
  • a display unit configured to display a window of the application according to the set window attribute of the application and each display unit saved in the container corresponding to the application.
  • the device shown in FIG. The resetting may include executing the saving unit and the display unit. among them:
  • Executing a saving unit configured to save the display unit of each application in at least one container for each application that has been activated before the coordinate value obtaining unit 91 obtains the coordinate value of the click point included in the input event;
  • a display unit configured to display a plurality of windows according to the set window attribute and each display unit saved in the container; wherein at least one of the windows displays more than two visual units.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.
  • a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
  • processors CPUs
  • input/output interfaces network interfaces
  • memory volatile and non-volatile memory
  • the memory may include non-persistent memory, random access memory (RAM), and/or non-volatile memory, such as read only memory (ROM) or flash memory (flashRAM), in a computer readable medium.
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read only memory
  • flashRAM flash memory
  • Memory is an example of a computer readable medium.
  • Computer readable media includes both permanent and non-persistent, removable and non-removable media.
  • Information storage can be implemented by any method or technology.
  • the information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data.
  • Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read only memory. (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, Magnetic tape cartridges, magnetic tape storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transportable media can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device.
  • computer readable media does not include temporary storage of computer readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
  • embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product.
  • the present application can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment in combination of software and hardware.
  • the application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour commuter un objet d'affichage dans un système à fenêtres multiples et un dispositif associé, pour traiter le problème de non-commutation d'une fenêtre sur la base d'un évènement d'entrée, le procédé consistant à : obtenir une valeur de coordonnée d'un point touché compris dans un évènement d'entrée (41); déterminer si l'objet d'affichage correspondant à une région pouvant être touchée comprenant la valeur de coordonnée est ou non un objet d'affichage le plus vers le haut (42); si le résultat est déterminé comme étant NON, définir l'objet d'affichage comme étant l'objet d'affichage le plus vers le haut, et rafraîchir une interface d'affichage (43).
PCT/CN2015/097479 2014-12-23 2015-12-15 Procédé pour commuter un objet d'affichage dans un système à fenêtres multiples et dispositif associé WO2016101810A1 (fr)

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CN201410812069.4 2014-12-23
CN201410812069.4A CN105786301B (zh) 2014-12-23 2014-12-23 多窗口系统下切换显示对象的方法及其装置

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