WO2016101781A1 - 一种网络邻居发现方法及系统 - Google Patents

一种网络邻居发现方法及系统 Download PDF

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WO2016101781A1
WO2016101781A1 PCT/CN2015/096406 CN2015096406W WO2016101781A1 WO 2016101781 A1 WO2016101781 A1 WO 2016101781A1 CN 2015096406 W CN2015096406 W CN 2015096406W WO 2016101781 A1 WO2016101781 A1 WO 2016101781A1
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active
node
period
network
passive
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French (fr)
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蒋昌俊
闫春钢
陈闳中
王成
杨思骞
李重
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Tongji University
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Tongji University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery

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  • the present invention relates to the field of network technologies, and in particular, to a network neighbor discovery method and system.
  • Network neighbor discovery is mainly used in many mobile applications based on nearby locations, that is, users' mobile devices can discover each other through self-organizing.
  • the early solution to this problem was through a fixed working mechanism.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • all nodes first pass the global positioning system, GPS (Global Positioning System), make their clocks synchronized, and then send long header packets to confirm each other.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • this approach requires the sender to have a general understanding of the recipient's location and its working mechanism.
  • synchronization by GPS usually consumes a lot of energy.
  • a definitive strategy can guarantee the time of discovery by neighbors, but it is generally average in terms of efficiency found.
  • Searchlight is a new definite asymmetric strategy proposed in recent years to improve the average discovery efficiency. In the asymmetric case, where all nodes have different duty cycles, the searchlight application's prime-based strategy is similar to the Disco algorithm. The Searchlight strategy has a significant improvement in average discovery efficiency over the previous strategy in the symmetrical case.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a network neighbor discovery method and system for solving the problem that a network neighbor needs to have a large energy loss in the prior art.
  • the present invention provides a network neighbor discovery method, where the network neighbor discovery method includes: setting a working mode for a network node, where the working mode includes two working modes: an active mode and a passive mode;
  • the network node When the network node is in the active mode, the network node is referred to as an active node, and the active node includes a working period, which is called an active period; the active node broadcasts a beacon signal in a preset first time period;
  • the network node is called a passive node, the passive node includes a working period, which is called a passive period; and the passive node receives information in a preset second time period.
  • the passive node replies to the active node according to the beacon signal, and completes a network neighbor discovery process.
  • the active node gradually reduces the time period of the broadcast beacon signal over time in the active period.
  • the network node presets a time period, where the time period includes m time slots; the active period of the active node includes at least one time period; and in an active period, when c ⁇ 1 (modk When the time slot c belongs to the first time period, the active node broadcasts a beacon signal in the time slot c; wherein c is a time slot sequence number starting from the active cycle, and k is from the active cycle The time period number.
  • the active period of the active node includes Time period, a total of 1 time slot,
  • the network node presets a time period, where the time period includes n time slots; the passive period of the passive node includes a time period; the passive period is divided into two parts, and each part is randomly selected Each time slot number r1 and r2 from the passive period is selected; the time slots r1 and r2 belong to the second time period, and the passive node receives the beacon signal in the time slots r1 and r2.
  • time slot numbers r1 and r2 satisfy the following conditions:
  • the network node reselects the working mode.
  • the present invention also provides a network neighbor discovery system
  • the network neighbor discovery system includes: a mode selection module, configured to select a working mode of the network node, where the working module includes two modes: an active mode and a passive mode;
  • the working module selected by the module is in the active mode, the network node is called an active node and enters the active discovery module;
  • the active discovery module is configured to broadcast the beacon signal in the preset first time period by the network node.
  • the active cycle of the active discovery module is called the active cycle.
  • the active discovery module is further configured to receive a packet that the passive node replies according to the beacon signal, and complete a network neighbor discovery process.
  • the active discovery module gradually reduces the time period during which the network node broadcasts the beacon signal during the active period.
  • the network node presets a time period, where the time period includes m time slots; the active period of the active node includes at least one time period; and in an active period, when c ⁇ 1 (modk When the time slot c belongs to the first time period, the active node broadcasts a beacon signal in the time slot c; wherein c is a time slot sequence number starting from the active cycle, and k is from the active cycle The time period number.
  • the active period of the active node includes Time period, a total of 1 time slot,
  • the network neighbor discovery system re-enters the mode selection module to select an operating mode of the network node.
  • the present invention also provides a network neighbor discovery system
  • the network neighbor discovery system includes: a mode selection module, configured to select a working mode of the network node, where the working module includes two modes: an active mode and a passive mode; When the working module selected by the module is in the passive mode, the network node is called a passive node and enters the passive discovery module; the passive discovery module is configured to receive information in a preset second time period, when the passive node Upon receiving the beacon signal sent by the active node, the active node is replied according to the beacon signal, and the process of discovering the network neighbor is completed.
  • the network node presets a time period, where the time period includes n time slots; the passive period of the passive node includes a time period; the passive period is divided into two parts, and each part is randomly selected Each time slot number starting from the passive period is selected, and two time slot numbers r1 and r2 are obtained; the time slots r1 and r2 belong to the second time period, and the passive node is in the time slot r1 and The beacon signal is received in r2.
  • time slot numbers r1 and r2 satisfy the following conditions:
  • the network neighbor discovery system re-enters the mode selection module to select an operating mode of the network node.
  • a network neighbor discovery method and system of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Differentiating the initiative and passiveness of network nodes in network neighbor discovery, designing a discovery method specifically for active nodes and passive nodes, Under the premise of not significantly increasing the energy consumption of the network, the network neighbor discovery efficiency of the active node is improved. 2. The strategy of attenuating broadcast allows the active node to discover neighbor nodes more quickly while saving unnecessary energy consumption.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart diagram of an embodiment of a network neighbor discovery method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart diagram of an embodiment of a network neighbor discovery method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart diagram of an embodiment of a network neighbor discovery method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a network neighbor discovery system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a network neighbor discovery system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a network neighbor discovery system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the performance of an embodiment of the network neighbor discovery system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the performance of an embodiment of the network neighbor discovery system of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a network neighbor discovery method, and the network neighbor discovery method adopted by the present invention may also be referred to as an Erupt method.
  • the network neighbor discovery method includes:
  • Step S1 setting a working mode for the network node, where the working mode includes two working modes: an active mode and a passive mode.
  • the working mode of the network node is set to be an active mode or a passive mode, and when the network node is set to the active mode, the network node is referred to as an active node.
  • the network node is referred to as a passive node.
  • step S2 when the network node is in the active mode, the network node is referred to as an active node, and the active node includes a working period, which is called an active period; the active node broadcasts in a preset first time period.
  • Beacon signal can also be called a discovery beacon, or a discovery beacon.
  • the active node gradually reduces the time period during which the beacon signal is broadcasted over time during the active period.
  • the network node presets a time period, the time period includes m time slots; the active period of the active node includes at least one time period; and in an active period, when c ⁇ 1 (modk), the time slot c belongs to the first time period, and the active node broadcasts a beacon signal in the time slot c; wherein c is a time slot number starting from an active period, and k is an active The sequence number of the time period at which the cycle begins.
  • the active period of the active node includes Time period, a total of 1 time slot, among them, The integer obtained by dividing m by 2 and rounding down.
  • the time slot c represents a time slot of sequence c starting from the active cycle.
  • Step S3 when the network node is in the passive mode, the network node is called a passive node, the passive node includes a working period, called a passive period, and the passive node receives in a preset second time period.
  • the information when the passive node receives the beacon signal, replies to the active node according to the beacon signal, and completes a network neighbor discovery process.
  • the replying to the active node according to the beacon signal, completing the network neighbor discovery process includes: the passive node replies to the active node according to the beacon signal, and the active node receives a reply. The information is followed by an acknowledgment message. If there is no conflict between the active node and the passive node, the active node and the passive node are network neighbors.
  • the network node presets a time period, the time period includes n time slots; the passive period of the passive node includes a time period; and the passive period randomly selects 2 Time slot numbers r1 and r2 from the passive period; The integer obtained by dividing n by 2 and rounding down; the time slots r1 and r2 belong to the second time period, and the passive node receives the beacon signal in the time slots r1 and r2.
  • the time slot r1 represents a time slot of sequence number r1 from the passive cycle
  • the time slot r2 represents a time slot of sequence number r2 from the passive cycle.
  • the network neighbor discovery method further includes: when the network node's duty cycle ends, the network node reselects an operating mode.
  • the network node reselects an operating mode.
  • the active node broadcasts a Discovery Beacon (beacon signal)
  • the passive node receives a message from the active node and receives a message (Response Meassage), and the active node receives the passive node.
  • a confirmation message (Ack) is sent back to the passive node. That is, the entire network neighbor discovery process of the active node and the passive node is completed.
  • the network node in active mode divides the time slots in the active mode cycle into active and sleep states according to the Erupt method.
  • the network node broadcasts the beacon signal to the surrounding network node, and waits for the surrounding network node to reply to the information.
  • the network node replies with a confirmation message, if in the network.
  • the node (active node) and the surrounding network node (passive node) replying to the information do not have a conflict, and the network node and the passive node are network neighbors.
  • the network node does not send or receive discovery information.
  • the network node reduces the number of active time slots over time until the active cycle ends.
  • the network node If the network node is in passive mode, the network node will be a time The time slot of the cycle is divided into two parts, and a time slot is randomly selected in each part to be in an active state. At this time, the active state only monitors whether there is any discovery information in the network, and if so, replies.
  • the active node has an active period of 18 time slots and each time period is 6 time slots. In the active period, when c ⁇ 1 (modk), the time slot c belongs to the first time period, the active node broadcasts a beacon signal in the time slot c; then the active node is in an active period
  • the time slots 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 13, 16 in the 18 time slots are active and broadcast beacon signals. The period is 6 time slots.
  • the active node meets the time slot in which the passive node is active, it can be regarded as mutual discovery.
  • the active node has an active period of 18 time slots and each time period is 6 time slots.
  • the active period when c ⁇ 1 (modk), the time slot c belongs to the first time period, the active node broadcasts a beacon signal in the time slot c; then the active node is in the time slot 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 13, 16 are active, broadcasting beacon signals.
  • the passive period of the passive node is 8 time slots, and each time period is 8 time slots.
  • the time period of the active node and the passive node may be the same or different, and the mutual discovery of the network neighbors may be implemented as long as the active node meets the time slot in which the active node is in an active state. Since the active node in the Erupt method adopts the time period of the active beacon, the time period of the broadcast beacon signal is gradually reduced. So most network neighbor discovery occurs in the first time period when the network node is in active mode. In real life, active nodes want to discover neighbors faster and start related applications.
  • the Erupt method utilizes the discovery method of fading, which not only ensures the discovery of neighbor nodes as soon as possible, but also compensates for the missing neighbor nodes.
  • the beacon signal is broadcasted (that is, the beacon signal is broadcasted in the time slot c, and the time slot c indicates the sequence number c from the active cycle.
  • the present invention also provides a network neighbor discovery system, which may also be referred to as an Erupt system, for implementing network neighbor discovery using the Erupt method.
  • the network neighbor discovery system 1 includes a mode selection module 11 and an active discovery module 12, where:
  • the mode selection module 11 is configured to select an operation mode of the network node, where the work module includes two modes: an active mode and a passive mode; when the working module selected by the mode selection module is an active mode, the network node is referred to as an active node. And enter the active discovery module work.
  • the active discovery module 12 is configured to broadcast, by the network node, a beacon signal in a preset first time period, and a working period of the active discovery module is referred to as an active period. In one embodiment, the active discovery module gradually reduces the time period of the broadcast beacon signal over time during the active period.
  • the network node presets a time period, the time period includes m time slots; the active period of the active node includes at least one time period; and in an active period, when c ⁇ 1 (modk), the time slot c belongs to the first time period, and the active node broadcasts a beacon signal in the time slot c; wherein c is a time slot number starting from an active period, and k is an active The sequence number of the time period at which the cycle begins.
  • the active period of the active node includes Time period, a total of 1 time slot, among them, The integer obtained by dividing m by 2 and rounding down.
  • the active discovery module 12 further includes: when the duty cycle in the active mode ends, the network neighbor discovery system 1 re-enters the mode selection module 11 to select an operating mode.
  • the active discovery module is further configured to: after receiving the reply information sent by the passive node, reply to the passive node with an acknowledgement message (Ack). That is, the entire network neighbor discovery process of the active node and the passive node is completed.
  • Ack acknowledgement message
  • the present invention also provides a network neighbor discovery system 1.
  • the network neighbor discovery system 1 includes a mode selection module 11 and a passive discovery module 13, wherein:
  • the mode selection module 11 is configured to select a working mode of the network node, where the working module includes two modes: an active mode and a passive mode; when the working module selected by the mode selection module is in a passive mode, the network node is called a passive node. And enter the passive discovery module to work.
  • the passive discovery module 13 is configured to receive information in a preset second time period, and when the passive node receives the beacon signal sent by the active node, respond to the active node according to the beacon signal, and complete the discovery network. Neighbor process.
  • the passive discovery module 13 replies to the active node according to the beacon signal, and completing the network neighbor discovery process includes: the passive node replies to the active node according to the beacon signal, After receiving the reply message, the active node replies with an acknowledgment message. If there is no conflict between the active node and the passive node, the active node and the passive node are network neighbors.
  • the network node presets a time period, the time period includes n time slots; the passive period of the passive node includes a time period; and the passive period randomly selects 2 Time slot numbers r1 and r2 from the passive period; The integer obtained by dividing n by 2 and rounding down; the time slots r1 and r2 belong to the second time period, and the passive node receives the beacon signal in the time slots r1 and r2.
  • the passive discovery module 13 further includes: when the working period (ie, the passive period) of the passive discovery module 13 ends, the network neighbor discovery system 1 re-enters the mode selection module 11 to select the network node. Operating mode.
  • the present invention also provides a network neighbor discovery system 1.
  • the network neighbor discovery system 1 includes a mode selection module 11, an active discovery module 12, and a passive discovery module 13, wherein:
  • the mode selection module 11 is configured to select a working mode of the network node, where the working module includes two modes: an active mode and a passive mode; when the working module selected by the mode selection module is in a passive mode, the network node is called a passive node. And enter the passive discovery module to work.
  • the active discovery module 12 is configured to broadcast, by the network node, a beacon signal in a preset first time period, and a working period of the active discovery module is referred to as an active period. In one embodiment, the active discovery module gradually reduces the time period of the broadcast beacon signal over time during the active period.
  • the network node presets a time period, the time period includes m time slots; the active period of the active node includes at least one time period; and in an active period, when c ⁇ 1 (modk), the time slot c belongs to the first time period, and the active node broadcasts a beacon signal in the time slot c; wherein c is a time slot number starting from an active period, and k is an active The sequence number of the time period at which the cycle begins.
  • the active period of the active node includes Time period, a total of 1 time slot, among them, The integer obtained by dividing m by 2 and rounding down.
  • the active discovery module 12 is further configured to: after receiving the reply information sent by the passive node, reply to the passive node with an acknowledgement message (Ack). That is, the entire network neighbor discovery process of the active node and the passive node is completed.
  • Ack acknowledgement message
  • the passive discovery module 13 is configured to receive information in a preset second time period, and when the passive node receives the beacon signal sent by the active node, respond to the active node according to the beacon signal, and complete the discovery network. Neighbor process.
  • the passive discovery module 13 replies to the active node according to the beacon signal, and completing the network neighbor discovery process includes: the passive node replies to the active node according to the beacon signal, After receiving the reply message, the active node replies with an acknowledgment message. If there is no conflict between the active node and the passive node, the active node and the passive node are network neighbors.
  • the network node presets a time period, the time period includes n time slots; the passive period of the passive node includes a time period; and the passive period randomly selects 2 Time slot numbers r1 and r2 from the passive period; The integer obtained by dividing n by 2 and rounding down; the time slots r1 and r2 belong to the second time period, and the passive node receives the beacon signal in the time slots r1 and r2.
  • the active discovery module 12 further includes: when the duty cycle in the active mode ends, the network neighbor discovery system 1 re-enters the mode selection module 11 to select an operating mode.
  • the passive discovery module 13 further includes: when the duty cycle (ie, the passive period) of the passive discovery module 13 ends, the network neighbor discovery system 1 re-enters the mode selection module 11 to select an operation mode of the network node.
  • the technical solutions of the present invention (Erupt scheme, including Erupt method and Erupt system) and existing network neighbor discovery schemes such as Birthday, Disco, U-Connect, and Searchlight are respectively applied in the same environment, and different records are recorded.
  • Network neighbor discovery schemes find time delays and energy consumption to compare the strengths and weaknesses of each protocol.
  • the environment is a simulation environment, and the network simulator in the real world is simulated by the NS2 (Network Simulator version 2) network simulator, and the delays and energy of network neighbor discovery in different network neighbor discovery schemes are detected through different network neighbor discovery schemes. Consumption.
  • 10 nodes that can reach each other with radio signals are randomly placed, and different network neighbor discovery schemes are run to record the time delay and energy consumption of network neighbor discovery.
  • FIG. 7 identifies the comparison between the discovery efficiency and the discovery delay relationship of each network neighbor discovery scheme.
  • Figure 8 identifies the comparison of discovery efficiency and energy loss for each network neighbor discovery scheme.
  • the network neighbor discovery method and system of the present invention can distinguish the initiative and the passiveness of the network node in the network neighbor discovery, and design a discovery method specifically for the active node and the passive node, ensuring that the network consumption is not significantly increased. Under the premise of energy, improve the network neighbor discovery efficiency of the active node. Ben The inventive solution can also enable the active node to discover neighbor nodes more quickly by attenuating the broadcast strategy while saving unnecessary energy consumption. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种网络邻居发现方法及系统。网络邻居发现方法包括：为网络节点设置工作模式，所述工作模式包括主动模式和被动模式两种工作模式；当网络节点处于主动模式时，所述网络节点称为主动节点，主动节点包括一个工作周期，称为主动周期；主动节点在预设的第一时间段内广播beacon信号；当网络节点处于被动模式时，所述网络节点称为被动节点，被动节点包括一个工作周期，称为被动周期；被动节点在预设的第二时间段内接收信息，当被动节点接收到所述beacon信号时，根据beacon信号进行回复所述主动节点，完成网络邻居发现过程。本方案能够在保证不明显增加网络消耗能量的前提下，提高主动节点的网络邻居发现效率。

Description

一种网络邻居发现方法及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种网络技术领域，特别是涉及一种网络邻居发现方法及系统。
背景技术
网络邻居发现主要应用在许多基于附近位置的移动应用中，即使得用户的移动设备能通过自组织的形式相互发现。早期解决这一问题的方法是通过固定的工作机制。例如，在一个静态密集的网络中，所有节点先通过全球定位系统，GPS(Global Positioning System)，使得它们的时钟同步，然后发送长报头数据包进行相互确认。然而，这种方法要求发送者对于接受者的位置及其工作机制有大致的了解。而且，对于目前广泛普及的移动传感器或者智能手机，通过GPS的同步通常消耗很多能量。
针对这一问题，出现了一系列基于非同步状态的邻居发现策略。早期主要的非同步邻居发现MAC(Medium Access Control)协议有SMAC(Sensor MAC)和BMAC(Berkeley MAC)，它们假设所有设备有相对称的睡眠机制。换句话说，所有设备的工作机制一样，但是时间上并不同步。然而，在现实中，节点将根据能量消耗来制定它们的工作周期。我们称这样的情况是每个节点的工作周期非对称。McGlynn和Borbash以节约能量为目的，提出了一种解决非对称工作周期的方法，称为生日策略(Birthday)。生日策略基于概率的方法解决非对称的问题。在实验室中，这种策略在静态无线网络中有很好的表现。但是它有个缺陷，就是延迟没有最坏界限。
为了克服这一缺陷，确定式的邻居发现策略诞生了。确定式的策略分为两类，一类是基于网格位置的策略，例如Quorum-based策略；另一种是基于素数的策略，例如Disco和U-connect策略。确定式的策略可以保证邻居发现的时间，但是在平均发现的效率上表现一般。Searchlight是近年来提出的一个新的确定式的非对称策略，目的是为了提升平均发现效率。在非对称情况中，即所有节点工作周期不同，Searchlight应用基于素数的策略类似于Disco算法。Searchlight策略在对称情况中比以往的策略在平均发现效率上有显著的提高。
但随着邻居发现策略的发展，网络邻居发现的主要挑战在于设备电池量与发 现效率之间的平衡。鉴于此，如何找到一种新的能够以较少的能量损耗并且快速发现网络邻居的方法成为了本领域技术人员亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点，本发明的目的在于提供一种网络邻居发现方法及系统，用于解决现有技术中发现网络邻居需要较大的能量损耗的问题。
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的，本发明提供一种网络邻居发现方法，所述网络邻居发现方法包括：为网络节点设置工作模式，所述工作模式包括主动模式和被动模式两种工作模式；当所述网络节点处于主动模式时，所述网络节点称为主动节点，所述主动节点包括一个工作周期，称为主动周期；所述主动节点在预设的第一时间段内广播beacon信号；当所述网络节点处于被动模式时，所述网络节点称为被动节点，所述被动节点包括一个工作周期，称为被动周期；所述被动节点在预设的第二时间段内接收信息，当所述被动节点接收到所述beacon信号时，根据所述beacon信号进行回复所述主动节点，完成网络邻居发现过程。
可选地，所述主动节点在主动周期内随着时间的推移，逐步减少广播beacon信号的时间段。
可选地，所述网络节点预设一个时间周期，所述时间周期包括m个时间槽；所述主动节点的所述主动周期包括至少一个时间周期；在主动周期内，当c≡1(modk)时，所述时间槽c属于所述第一时间段，所述主动节点在所述时间槽c内广播beacon信号；其中，c为从主动周期开始的时间槽序号，k为从主动周期开始的时间周期序号。
可选地，所述主动节点的所述主动周期包括
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000001
个时间周期，共I个时间槽，
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000002
可选地，所述网络节点预设一个时间周期，所述时间周期包括n个时间槽；所述被动节点的所述被动周期包括一个时间周期；所述被动周期分成两部分，从每一部分随机各选取1个从被动周期开始的时间槽序号r1和r2；所述时间槽r1和r2属于所述第二时间段，所述被动节点在所述时间槽r1和r2内接收beacon信号。
可选地，所述时间槽序号r1和r2满足以下条件：
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000003
可选地，当所述网络节点的工作周期结束时，所述网络节点重新选择工作模式。
本发明还提供一种网络邻居发现系统，所述网络邻居发现系统包括：模式选择模块，用于选择网络节点的工作模式，所述工作模块包括主动模式和被动模式两种；当所述模式选择模块选择的工作模块为主动模式时，所述网络节点称为主动节点，并进入主动发现模块工作；主动发现模块，用于所述网络节点在预设的第一时间段内广播beacon信号，所述主动发现模块的工作周期称为主动周期。
可选地，所述主动发现模块还用于接收被动节点根据所述beacon信号回复的报文，并完成网络邻居发现过程。
可选地，所述主动发现模块在主动周期内随着时间的推移，逐步减少所述网络节点广播beacon信号的时间段。
可选地，所述网络节点预设一个时间周期，所述时间周期包括m个时间槽；所述主动节点的所述主动周期包括至少一个时间周期；在主动周期内，当c≡1(modk)时，所述时间槽c属于所述第一时间段，所述主动节点在所述时间槽c内广播beacon信号；其中，c为从主动周期开始的时间槽序号，k为从主动周期开始的时间周期序号。
可选地，所述主动节点的所述主动周期包括
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000004
个时间周期，共I个时间槽，
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000005
可选地，当所述主动发现模块的工作周期结束时，所述网络邻居发现系统重新进入模式选择模块选择网络节点的工作模式。
本发明还提供一种网络邻居发现系统，所述网络邻居发现系统包括：模式选择模块，用于选择网络节点的工作模式，所述工作模块包括主动模式和被动模式两种；当所述模式选择模块选择的工作模块为被动模式时，所述网络节点称为被动节点，并进入被动发现模块工作；所述被动发现模块用于在预设的第二时间段内接收信息，当所述被动节点接收到主动节点发送的beacon信号时，根据所述beacon信号进行回复所述主动节点，完成发现网络邻居过程。
可选地，所述网络节点预设一个时间周期，所述时间周期包括n个时间槽；所述被动节点的所述被动周期包括一个时间周期；所述被动周期分成两部分，从每一部分随机各选取1个从被动周期开始的时间槽序号，共得到两个时间槽序号r1和r2；所述时间槽r1和r2属于所述第二时间段，所述被动节点在所述时间槽r1和r2内接收beacon信号。
可选地，所述时间槽序号r1和r2满足以下条件：
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000006
可选地，当所述被动发现模块的工作周期结束时，所述网络邻居发现系统重新进入模式选择模块选择网络节点的工作模式。
如上所述，本发明的一种网络邻居发现方法及系统，具有以下有益效果：1，区分网络邻居发现中网络节点的主动性和被动性，设计专门针对主动节点和被动节点的发现方法，在保证不明显增加网络消耗能量的前提下，提高主动节点的网络邻居发现效率。2，通过衰减广播的策略让主动节点能更加快地发现邻居节点，同时节省不必要的能量消耗。
附图说明
图1显示为本发明的网络邻居发现方法的一实施例的流程示意图。
图2显示为本发明的网络邻居发现方法的一实施例的流程示意图。
图3显示为本发明的网络邻居发现方法的一实施例的流程示意图。
图4显示为本发明的网络邻居发现系统的一实施例的模块示意图。
图5显示为本发明的网络邻居发现系统的一实施例的模块示意图。
图6显示为本发明的网络邻居发现系统的一实施例的模块示意图。
图7显示为本发明的网络邻居发现系统的一实施例的性能示意图。
图8显示为本发明的网络邻居发现系统的一实施例的性能示意图。
元件标号说明
1      网络邻居发现系统
11     模式选择模块
12     主动发现模块
13     被动发现模块
S1～S3 步骤
具体实施方式
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施方式，本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。本发明还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用，本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用，在没有背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。
需要说明的是，本实施例中所提供的图示仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本构想，遂图式中仅显示与本发明中有关的组件而非按照实际实施时的组件数目、形状及尺寸绘制，其实际实施时各组件的型态、数量及比例可为一种随意的改变，且其组件布局型态也可能更为复杂。
本发明提供一种网络邻居发现方法，本发明采用的网络邻居发现方法也可称为Erupt方法。在一个实施例中，如图1所示，所述网络邻居发现方法包括：
步骤S1，为网络节点设置工作模式，所述工作模式包括主动模式和被动模式两种工作模式。具体地，设置网络节点的工作模式为主动模式或被动模式，当所述网络节点设置为主动模式时，所述网络节点称为主动节点。当所述网络节点设置为被动模式时，所述网络节点称为被动节点。
步骤S2，当所述网络节点处于主动模式时，所述网络节点称为主动节点，所述主动节点包括一个工作周期，称为主动周期；所述主动节点在预设的第一时间段内广播beacon信号。具体地，beacon信号也可称为发现beacon，或discovery beacon。在一个实施例中，所述主动节点在主动周期内随着时间的推移，逐步减少广播beacon信号的时间段。在一个实施例中，所述网络节点预设一个时间周期，所述时间周期包括m个时间槽；所述主动节点的所述主动周期包括至少一个时间周期；在主动周期内，当c≡1(modk)时，所述时间槽c属于所述第一时间段，所述主动节点在所述时间槽c内广播beacon信号；其中，c为从主动周期开始的时间槽序号，k为从主动周期开始的时间周期序号。进一步，在一个实施例中，所述主动节点的所述主动周期包括
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000007
个时间周期，共I个时间槽，
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000008
其中，
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000009
表示m除以2后向下取整得到的整数。时间槽c表示 从主动周期开始的序号为c的时间槽。
步骤S3，当所述网络节点处于被动模式时，所述网络节点称为被动节点，所述被动节点包括一个工作周期，称为被动周期；所述被动节点在预设的第二时间段内接收信息，当所述被动节点接收到所述beacon信号时，根据所述beacon信号进行回复所述主动节点，完成网络邻居发现过程。在一个实施例中，所述根据所述beacon信号进行回复所述主动节点，完成网络邻居发现过程包括：所述被动节点根据所述beacon信号进行回复所述主动节点，所述主动节点收到回复信息之后再回复一个确认信息，若在所述主动节点与所述被动节点间不存在冲突，则所述主动节点与所述被动节点互为网络邻居。所述在一个实施例中，所述网络节点预设一个时间周期，所述时间周期包括n个时间槽；所述被动节点的所述被动周期包括一个时间周期；所述被动周期随机选取2个从被动周期开始的时间槽序号r1和r2；其中，
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000010
表示n除以2后向下取整得到的整数；所述时间槽r1和r2属于所述第二时间段，所述被动节点在所述时间槽r1和r2内接收beacon信号。时间槽r1表示从被动周期开始的序号为r1的时间槽，时间槽r2表示从被动周期开始的序号为r2的时间槽。
在一个实施例中，所述网络邻居发现方法还包括：当所述网络节点的工作周期结束时，所述网络节点重新选择工作模式。在一个实施例中，如图2所示，主动节点广播发出Discovery Beacon(即beacon信号)后，被动节点收到该beacon信号后向主动节点回复一个信息(Response Meassage)，主动节点收到被动节点发出的回复信息后，再向该被动节点回复一个确认信息(Ack)。即完成所述主动节点与所述被动节点的整个网络邻居发现过程。
在一个实施例中，处于主动模式的网络节点根据Erupt方法将主动模式周期中的时间槽分为活跃和睡眠两种状态。在活跃状态的时间槽中，本网络节点向周围的网络节点广播beacon信号，并等待周围网络节点回复信息，本网络节点收到回复信息之后，本网络节点再回复一个确认信息，若在本网络节点(主动节点)和回复信息的周围网络节点(被动节点)间不存在冲突，则本网络节点和所述被动节点互为网络邻居。在睡眠状态的时间槽中，网络节点不发送也不接收发现信息。在一个主动周期中，网络节点会随着时间推移，降低处于活跃状态的时间槽的个数，直至主动周期结束。若网络节点处于被动模式，则网络节点将一个时间 周期的时间槽分为两部分，并在每部分各随机选取一个时间槽处于活跃状态，此时的活跃状态只监听网络中是否有发现信息，若有则回复。在一个实施例中，主动节点的主动周期为18个时间槽，每个时间周期为6个时间槽。在主动周期内，当c≡1(modk)时，所述时间槽c属于所述第一时间段，所述主动节点在所述时间槽c内广播beacon信号；则所述主动节点在主动周期18个时间槽中的时间槽1、2、3、4、5、6、7、9、11、13、16内处于活跃状态，广播beacon信号。周期为6个时间槽。若主动节点与被动节点都处于活跃状态的时间槽相遇则可以视为相互发现。在另一实施例中，主动节点的主动周期为18个时间槽，每个时间周期为6个时间槽。在主动周期内，当c≡1(modk)时，所述时间槽c属于所述第一时间段，所述主动节点在所述时间槽c内广播beacon信号；则所述主动节点在时间槽1、2、3、4、5、6、7、9、11、13、16内处于活跃状态，广播beacon信号。被动节点的被动周期为8个时间槽，每个时间周期为8个时间槽。所述主动节点与所述被动节点的时间周期可以相同，也可以不相同，只要主动节点与被动节点都处于活跃状态的时间槽相遇则可以实现网络邻居的相互发现。由于采用Erupt方法中所述主动节点在主动周期内随着时间的推移，逐步减少广播beacon信号的时间段。所以大部分网络邻居发现会发生在网络节点处于主动模式的第一个时间周期内。在现实生活中，主动节点都希望能更快地发现邻居，从而开始相关应用。Erupt方法利用衰退的发现方式，不仅保证尽快发现邻居节点，同时也在一定程度弥补遗漏发现的邻居节点。
在一个实施例中，如图3所示，所述网络邻居发现方法包括对网络节点的模式选择；当所述网络节点选择处于主动模式时，设置主动周期为
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000011
个时间槽，该网络节点的时间周期为m个时间槽；k＝1,c＝1。接着，判断是否满足
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000013
(即判断当前主动周期是否结束)。如果满足
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000014
(表明主动周 期结束)，则重新进入选择模式状态，重新选择工作模式。如果不满足
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000015
则判断是否满足c≡1(mod k)，如果满足c≡1(mod k)，则广播beacon信号(即在时间槽c内广播beacon信号，时间槽c表示从主动周期开始的序号为c的时间槽)；接着执行c＝c+1；如果满足c≡1(mod k)，则直接执行c＝c+1；接着判断是否满足c为m的倍数，如果满足c为m的倍数，则执行k＝k+1；继续判断是否满足
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000016
如果c不为m的倍数，则直接继续判断是否满足
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000017
当所述网络节点选择处于被动模式时，设置被动周期为m个时间槽；设置两个随机数r1和r2，其中，
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000018
c＝1。接着，判断是否满足c>m(即判断被动周期是否结束)。如果满足c>m，则重新进入选择模式状态，重新选择工作模式。如果不满足c>m，则判断是否满足c＝＝r1或c＝＝r2，如果满足c＝＝r1或满足c＝＝r2就进入接收beacon信号状态(即在时间槽c内接收beacon信号，时间槽c表示从被动周期开始的序号为c的时间槽)，当接收到beacon信号时，回复发出beacon信号的主动节点。接着执行c＝c+1。如果既不满足c＝＝r1也不满足c＝＝r2，则直接执行c＝c+1。接着，继续判断是否满足c>m。
本发明还提供一种网络邻居发现系统，所述网络邻居发现系统也可称为Erupt系统，用于采用Erupt方法实现网络邻居发现。在一个实施例中，如图4所示，所述网络邻居发现系统1包括模式选择模块11以及主动发现模块12，其中：
模式选择模块11用于选择网络节点的工作模式，所述工作模块包括主动模式和被动模式两种；当所述模式选择模块选择的工作模块为主动模式时，所述网络节点称为主动节点，并进入主动发现模块工作。
主动发现模块12用于所述网络节点在预设的第一时间段内广播beacon信 号，所述主动发现模块的工作周期称为主动周期。在一个实施例中，所述主动发现模块在主动周期内随着时间的推移，逐步减少广播beacon信号的时间段。在一个实施例中，所述网络节点预设一个时间周期，所述时间周期包括m个时间槽；所述主动节点的所述主动周期包括至少一个时间周期；在主动周期内，当c≡1(modk)时，所述时间槽c属于所述第一时间段，所述主动节点在所述时间槽c内广播beacon信号；其中，c为从主动周期开始的时间槽序号，k为从主动周期开始的时间周期序号。进一步，在一个实施例中，所述主动节点的所述主动周期包括
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000019
个时间周期，共I个时间槽，
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000020
其中，
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000021
表示m除以2后向下取整得到的整数。
在一个实施例中，所述主动发现模块12还包括：当所述主动模式下的工作周期结束时，所述网络邻居发现系统1重新进入模式选择模块11选择工作模式。在一个实施例中，所述主动发现模块还用于收到被动节点发出的回复信息后，再向该被动节点回复一个确认信息(Ack)。即完成所述主动节点与所述被动节点的整个网络邻居发现过程。
本发明还提供一种网络邻居发现系统1。在一个实施例中，如图5所示，所述网络邻居发现系统1包括模式选择模块11以及被动发现模块13，其中：
模式选择模块11用于选择网络节点的工作模式，所述工作模块包括主动模式和被动模式两种；当所述模式选择模块选择的工作模块为被动模式时，所述网络节点称为被动节点，并进入被动发现模块工作。
所述被动发现模块13用于在预设的第二时间段内接收信息，当所述被动节点接收到主动节点发送的beacon信号时，根据所述beacon信号进行回复所述主动节点，完成发现网络邻居过程。在一个实施例中，所述被动发现模块13中根据所述beacon信号进行回复所述主动节点，完成网络邻居发现过程包括：所述被动节点根据所述beacon信号进行回复所述主动节点，所述主动节点收到回复信息之后再回复一个确认信息，若在所述主动节点与所述被动节点间不存在冲突，则所述主动节点与所述被动节点互为网络邻居。所述在一个实施例中，所述网络节点预设一个时间周期，所述时间周期包括n个时间槽；所述被动节点的所述被动周期包括一个时间周期；所述被动周期随机选取2个从被动周期开始的时 间槽序号r1和r2；其中，
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000022
表示n除以2后向下取整得到的整数；所述时间槽r1和r2属于所述第二时间段，所述被动节点在所述时间槽r1和r2内接收beacon信号。
在一个实施例中，所述被动发现模块13还包括：当所述被动发现模块13的工作周期(即被动周期)结束时，所述网络邻居发现系统1重新进入模式选择模块11选择网络节点的工作模式。
本发明还提供一种网络邻居发现系统1。在一个实施例中，如图6所示，所述网络邻居发现系统1包括模式选择模块11、主动发现模块12以及被动发现模块13，其中：
模式选择模块11用于选择网络节点的工作模式，所述工作模块包括主动模式和被动模式两种；当所述模式选择模块选择的工作模块为被动模式时，所述网络节点称为被动节点，并进入被动发现模块工作。
主动发现模块12用于所述网络节点在预设的第一时间段内广播beacon信号，所述主动发现模块的工作周期称为主动周期。在一个实施例中，所述主动发现模块在主动周期内随着时间的推移，逐步减少广播beacon信号的时间段。在一个实施例中，所述网络节点预设一个时间周期，所述时间周期包括m个时间槽；所述主动节点的所述主动周期包括至少一个时间周期；在主动周期内，当c≡1(modk)时，所述时间槽c属于所述第一时间段，所述主动节点在所述时间槽c内广播beacon信号；其中，c为从主动周期开始的时间槽序号，k为从主动周期开始的时间周期序号。进一步，在一个实施例中，所述主动节点的所述主动周期包括
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000023
个时间周期，共I个时间槽，
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000024
其中，
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000025
表示m除以2后向下取整得到的整数。在一个实施例中，所述主动发现模块12还用于收到被动节点发出的回复信息后，再向该被动节点回复一个确认信息(Ack)。即完成所述主动节点与所述被动节点的整个网络邻居发现过程。
所述被动发现模块13用于在预设的第二时间段内接收信息，当所述被动节点接收到主动节点发送的beacon信号时，根据所述beacon信号进行回复所述主动节点，完成发现网络邻居过程。在一个实施例中，所述被动发现模块13中根据所述beacon信号进行回复所述主动节点，完成网络邻居发现过程包括：所述 被动节点根据所述beacon信号进行回复所述主动节点，所述主动节点收到回复信息之后再回复一个确认信息，若在所述主动节点与所述被动节点间不存在冲突，则所述主动节点与所述被动节点互为网络邻居。所述在一个实施例中，所述网络节点预设一个时间周期，所述时间周期包括n个时间槽；所述被动节点的所述被动周期包括一个时间周期；所述被动周期随机选取2个从被动周期开始的时间槽序号r1和r2；其中，
Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-000026
表示n除以2后向下取整得到的整数；所述时间槽r1和r2属于所述第二时间段，所述被动节点在所述时间槽r1和r2内接收beacon信号。
在一个实施例中，所述主动发现模块12还包括：当所述主动模式下的工作周期结束时，所述网络邻居发现系统1重新进入模式选择模块11选择工作模式。所述被动发现模块13还包括：当所述被动发现模块13的工作周期(即被动周期)结束时，所述网络邻居发现系统1重新进入模式选择模块11选择网络节点的工作模式。
在一个实施例中，在相同的环境下分别应用本发明的技术方案(Erupt方案，包括Erupt方法以及Erupt系统)以及现有的Birthday、Disco、U-Connect、Searchlight等网络邻居发现方案，记录不同网络邻居发现方案的发现时间延迟和能量消耗，以比较各个协议的优势和劣势。所述环境为仿真模拟环境，通过NS2(Network Simulator version 2)网络模拟器模拟现实中的网络环境，在通过不同的网络邻居发现方案，检测不同网络邻居发现方案中网络邻居发现的延迟以及能量的消耗。具体地，在仿真模拟环境网络中随机放置10个相互电波信号可以到达的节点，通过运行不同的网络邻居发现方案，记录网络邻居发现的时间延迟和能量消耗。得到的结果如图所示，其中，图7标识了各网络邻居发现方案的发现效率与发现延迟关系比较。图8标识了各网络邻居发现方案的发现效率与能量损耗关系比较。通过仿真模拟测试，可以确定本发明的技术方案能够在不仅网络消耗能量比较低，而且主动节点的网络邻居发现效率比较高，能够取得比现有网络邻居发现方案更好的技术效果。
综上所述，本发明的一种网络邻居发现方法及系统能够区分网络邻居发现中网络节点的主动性和被动性，设计专门针对主动节点和被动节点的发现方法，在保证不明显增加网络消耗能量的前提下，提高主动节点的网络邻居发现效率。本 发明方案还能够通过衰减广播的策略让主动节点更加快地发现邻居节点，同时节省不必要的能量消耗。所以，本发明有效克服了现有技术中的种种缺点而具高度产业利用价值。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种网络邻居发现方法，其特征在于，所述网络邻居发现方法包括：
    为网络节点设置工作模式，所述工作模式包括主动模式和被动模式两种工作模式；
    当所述网络节点处于主动模式时，所述网络节点称为主动节点，所述主动节点包括一个工作周期，称为主动周期；所述主动节点在预设的第一时间段内广播beacon信号；
    当所述网络节点处于被动模式时，所述网络节点称为被动节点，所述被动节点包括一个工作周期，称为被动周期；所述被动节点在预设的第二时间段内接收信息，当所述被动节点接收到所述beacon信号时，根据所述beacon信号进行回复所述主动节点，完成网络邻居发现过程。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的网络邻居发现方法，其特征在于：所述主动节点在主动周期内随着时间的推移，逐步减少广播beacon信号的时间段。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的网络邻居发现方法，其特征在于：所述网络节点预设一个时间周期，所述时间周期包括m个时间槽；所述主动节点的所述主动周期包括至少一个时间周期；在主动周期内，当c≡1(modk)时，所述时间槽c属于所述第一时间段，所述主动节点在所述时间槽c内广播beacon信号；其中，c为从主动周期开始的时间槽序号，k为从主动周期开始的时间周期序号。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的网络邻居发现方法，其特征在于：所述主动节点的所述主动周期包括个时间周期，共I个时间槽，
    Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-100002
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的网络邻居发现方法，其特征在于：所述网络节点预设一个时间周期，所述时间周期包括n个时间槽；所述被动节点的所述被动周期包括一个时间周期；所述被动周期分成两部分，从每一部分随机各选取1个从被动周期开始的时间槽序号r1和r2；所述时间槽r1和r2属于所述第二时间段，所述被动节点在所述时间槽r1和r2内接收beacon信号。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的网络邻居发现方法，其特征在于：所述时间槽序号r1和r2满足以 下条件：
    Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-100003
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的网络邻居发现方法，其特征在于：当所述网络节点的工作周期结束时，所述网络节点重新选择工作模式。
  8. 一种网络邻居发现系统，其特征在于：所述网络邻居发现系统包括：
    模式选择模块，用于选择网络节点的工作模式，所述工作模块包括主动模式和被动模式两种；当所述模式选择模块选择的工作模块为主动模式时，所述网络节点称为主动节点，并进入主动发现模块工作；
    所述主动发现模块用于所述网络节点在预设的第一时间段内广播beacon信号，所述主动发现模块的工作周期称为主动周期。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的网络邻居发现系统，其特征在于：所述主动发现模块还用于接收被动节点根据所述beacon信号回复的报文，并完成网络邻居发现过程。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的网络邻居发现系统，其特征在于：所述主动发现模块在主动周期内随着时间的推移，逐步减少所述网络节点广播beacon信号的时间段。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的网络邻居发现系统，其特征在于：所述网络节点预设一个时间周期，所述时间周期包括m个时间槽；所述主动节点的所述主动周期包括至少一个时间周期；在主动周期内，当c≡1(modk)时，所述时间槽c属于所述第一时间段，所述主动节点在所述时间槽c内广播beacon信号；其中，c为从主动周期开始的时间槽序号，k为从主动周期开始的时间周期序号。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的网络邻居发现系统，其特征在于：所述主动节点的所述主动周期包括
    Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-100004
    个时间周期，共I个时间槽，
    Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-100005
  13. 根据权利要求8所述的网络邻居发现系统，其特征在于：当所述主动发现模块的工作周期结束时，所述网络邻居发现系统重新进入模式选择模块选择网络节点的工作模式。
  14. 一种网络邻居发现系统，其特征在于：所述网络邻居发现系统包括：
    模式选择模块，用于选择网络节点的工作模式，所述工作模块包括主动模式和被动模式两种；当所述模式选择模块选择的工作模块为被动模式时，所述网络节点称为被动节点，并进入被动发现模块工作；
    所述被动发现模块用于在预设的第二时间段内接收信息，当所述被动节点接收到主动节点发送的beacon信号时，根据所述beacon信号进行回复所述主动节点，完成发现网络邻居过程。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的网络邻居发现系统，其特征在于：所述网络节点预设一个时间周期，所述时间周期包括n个时间槽；所述被动节点的所述被动周期包括一个时间周期；所述被动周期分成两部分，从每一部分随机各选取1个从被动周期开始的时间槽序号，共得到两个时间槽序号r1和r2；所述时间槽r1和r2属于所述第二时间段，所述被动节点在所述时间槽r1和r2内接收beacon信号。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的网络邻居发现系统，其特征在于：所述时间槽序号r1和r2满足以下条件：
    Figure PCTCN2015096406-appb-100006
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的网络邻居发现系统，其特征在于：当所述被动发现模块的工作周期结束时，所述网络邻居发现系统重新进入模式选择模块选择网络节点的工作模式。
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