WO2016101174A1 - 通信系统、基站及时钟同步方法 - Google Patents

通信系统、基站及时钟同步方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016101174A1
WO2016101174A1 PCT/CN2014/094811 CN2014094811W WO2016101174A1 WO 2016101174 A1 WO2016101174 A1 WO 2016101174A1 CN 2014094811 W CN2014094811 W CN 2014094811W WO 2016101174 A1 WO2016101174 A1 WO 2016101174A1
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Prior art keywords
base station
reference base
signal
time slot
specific time
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PCT/CN2014/094811
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谷扬
李正文
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2014/094811 priority Critical patent/WO2016101174A1/zh
Priority to CN201480033986.0A priority patent/CN105917711B/zh
Publication of WO2016101174A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016101174A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a communication system, a base station, and a clock synchronization method.
  • the small base station is deployed in hotspots, blind spots, cell edges or even indoor areas to complement the signal coverage of the macro base station.
  • the area covered by the macro base station is called a macro cell
  • the smaller hot spot area covered by the small base station is called a micro cell or a small cell.
  • the macro base station is used as a reference station, and is synchronized to an external clock reference source, such as a Global Position System (GPS), to generate a reference clock, and the small base station receives the signal sent by the macro base station through the air interface, according to the receiving.
  • GPS Global Position System
  • the frequency and phase information of the macro base station carried in the received signal is synchronized with the macro base station to achieve relative clock and phase.
  • the small base station and the macro base station form a single frequency network (SFN) cell
  • the small base station will not be able to demodulate the signal of the macro base station, and thus cannot perform clock synchronization according to the signal of the macro base station; if it is synchronized to the macro base station Non-base station, the clock accuracy is poor.
  • SFN single frequency network
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a clock synchronization method, which can solve the problem of clock synchronization of the same frequency network cell.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a communication system and a base station.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication system, including a reference base station and a non-reference base station that communicate through air interface, where a signal coverage of the reference base station covers a signal coverage range of the non-reference base station, and the reference base station Forming a same-frequency network cell with the non-reference base station, having the same cell frequency point and cell identification information; wherein the reference base station is configured to send a signal to the non-reference base station; the non-reference base station is configured to Receiving a signal sent by the reference base station on a specific time slot, acquiring frame timing information and frame number information carried in the signal; and synchronizing the non-reference base station to the reference according to the frame timing information and frame number information a base station; and the non-reference base station remains silent on the particular time slot.
  • the reference base station is a macro base station, or the reference base station is a small base station located in a central area.
  • the non-reference base station remains silent on the specific time slot, and the non-reference base station is in the specific time
  • the air interface signal is not transmitted to other base stations in the communication system.
  • the air interface receiver of the non-reference base station parses the signal sent by the reference base station, recovers frame timing information and frame number information of the reference base station, and calculates a frequency difference between the reference base station and the non-reference base station, Phase difference and frame number difference.
  • the specific time slot is a 10 millisecond frame.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a base station, including: a receiving unit, configured to receive, by using an air interface, a signal sent by a reference base station on a specific time slot; and a parsing unit, configured to acquire frame timing information carried in the signal And a frame number information; the synchronization unit is configured to synchronize the base station to the reference base station according to the frame timing information and frame number information, and control the base station to remain silent on the specific time slot;
  • the base station and the reference base station form a same-frequency network cell, having the same cell frequency point and cell identification information, and the signal coverage of the reference base station covers the base station Signal coverage.
  • the reference base station is a macro base station; or the reference base station is a small base station located in a central area.
  • the performing, by the base station, the silent time on the specific time slot, the base station does not go to the specific time slot
  • the other base stations in the same frequency network cell send air interface signals.
  • the synchronizing the base station to the reference base station according to the frame timing information and frame number information includes: The air interface receiver of the base station parses the signal sent by the reference base station, recovers frame timing information and frame number information of the reference base station, and calculates a frequency difference, a phase difference, and a frame between the reference base station and the non-reference base station. The difference.
  • the specific time slot is a 10 millisecond frame.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a clock synchronization method, including: a non-reference base station receives a signal transmitted by a reference base station through an air interface on a specific time slot, and the non-reference base station remains silent on the specific time slot.
  • the non-reference base station acquires frame timing information and frame number information carried in the signal; the non-reference base station synchronizes to the reference base station according to the frame timing information and frame number information; wherein the non-reference The base station and the reference base station form a same-frequency network cell, and have the same cell frequency point and cell identification information, and the signal coverage of the reference base station covers the signal coverage of the non-reference base station.
  • the reference base station is a macro base station, or the reference base station is a small base station located in a central area.
  • the non-reference base station remains silent on the specific time slot, and the non-reference base station is in the specific time
  • the air interface signal is not sent to other base stations in the same frequency network cell.
  • a third possible implementation in the third aspect wherein the synchronizing the non-reference base station to the reference base station according to the frame timing information and the frame number information includes
  • the air interface receiver of the non-reference base station parses the signal sent by the reference base station, recovers frame timing information and frame number information of the reference base station, and calculates a frequency difference and a phase between the reference base station and the non-reference base station. Difference and frame number difference.
  • the specific time slot is a 10 millisecond frame.
  • the non-reference base station receives the signal sent by the reference base station on a specific time slot and keeps not transmitting the signal, and acquires the signal carried by the reference base station.
  • the frame timing information and the frame number information synchronize the non-reference base station to the reference base station, and realize the air interface synchronization between the base stations in the same frequency network, so as to meet the requirement of clock synchronization of the same frequency network.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a clock synchronization method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • GSM global mobile system
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • TD-SCDMA Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access
  • LTE Long-term Evolution
  • the macro base station or the small base station may be a base transceiver station (BTS) of GSM or CDMA, or a Node B (Node-B) in a WCDMA or TD-SCDMA system, or an LTE communication system.
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • Node-B Node B
  • WCDMA or TD-SCDMA system or an LTE communication system.
  • E-NodeB evolved NodeB
  • similar base station equipment in the LTE subsequently evolved communication system may be a base transceiver station (BTS) of GSM or CDMA, or a Node B (Node-B) in a WCDMA or TD-SCDMA system, or an LTE communication system.
  • E-NodeB evolved NodeB
  • the small base station in the embodiment of the present invention includes a micro cell base station, a pico cell base station, an access point (AP), and the like. No special restrictions.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a networking scenario in which a macro base station and a small base station cooperate to communicate.
  • a macro base station labeled macro1, and three microcell base stations are labeled as micro1, micro2, and micro3.
  • the macro base station is deployed independently of each micro cell base station, and each base station device can communicate through air interfaces.
  • the UE After the UE enters the coverage of the macro base station signal, the UE can access the macro base station and obtain the communication service.
  • the UE After the UE enters the coverage of the microcell base station signal, after entering the coverage of the micro1 signal, the UE can process part of the service data of the UE and pass the data.
  • the air interface is sent to the macro1, and the macro1 performs cooperative processing to improve the communication quality of the UE.
  • macro1 can be used as a reference base station to receive GPS signals, realize synchronization with GPS, and generate reference base station working time.
  • Micro1, micro2, and micro3 can be synchronized to macro1 through air interface.
  • each of the foregoing base station devices has the same cell frequency point and cell identity (cell identity), and the same frequency group network can solve the geographical location.
  • the problem of excessive inter-cell interference caused by the base station is increased, thereby improving the frequency utilization rate, reducing the requirement of the terminal supporting frequency band, and reducing the complexity of the terminal RF channel.
  • the signals transmitted by the base stations carry the same frequency point and cell identification information, and any one of the micro cell base stations cannot recognize whether the received signal is from the macro base station or other micro-
  • the cellular base station for example, any signal received by the micro1 through the air interface, the frequency of the signal and the carried cell identification information are shared by macro1 and micro1, micro2, and micro3, so the micro1 cannot determine whether the signal is from macro1, and thus the micro1 cannot According to the clock information carried by the signal, the relative synchronization with the macro1 is realized, and the synchronization precision requirement of the same frequency network cell cannot be achieved, which affects system performance.
  • the communication system includes a reference base station 101, and a non-reference base station 102.
  • the signal coverage of the reference base station 101 covers the signal coverage of the non-reference base station 102, and the reference base station 101 and The non-reference base station 102 constitutes a co-frequency network cell, and has the same cell frequency point and the same cell ID, that is, the reference base station 101 and the non-reference base station 102 constitute a co-frequency network cell.
  • the reference base station 101 is configured to transmit a signal to the non-reference base station 102.
  • the reference base station 101 continuously transmits a signal to the non-reference base station 102, which may be any wireless signal including air interface information, such as a voice signal, or a test signal.
  • the reference base station 101 can synchronize to an external clock source, such as GPS, to generate a base station reference time.
  • an external clock source such as GPS
  • the non-reference base station 102 is configured to receive the signal sent by the reference base station 101 on a specific time slot, acquire frame timing information and frame number information carried in the signal, and synchronize the non-reference base station 102 according to the frame timing information and the frame number information. To the reference base station 101; and the non-reference base station 102 remains silent on the particular time slot.
  • the frame timing may also be referred to as a frame phase, and the frame timing information includes a start time of a period of the data frame corresponding to the signal.
  • the obtaining the frame timing information and the frame number information carried in the signal may be any method for analyzing the air interface signal, for example, demodulating the signal, and extracting frame timing information or frame number information carried on a certain data bit, and implementing the present invention This example does not specifically limit this.
  • the non-reference base station 102 remains silent on a specific time slot, that is, the non-reference base station 102 does not send an air interface signal to other base stations in the communication system on the specific time slot, that is, the non-reference base station 102 is on the specific time slot. Only the reception of the signal is performed without transmitting the signal.
  • the specific time slot may be configured in each non-reference base station, and may be implemented in a software manner, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the manner of selecting a specific time slot in the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be determined according to an air interface definition of a communication system standard.
  • the specific time slot may be a frame of 10 milliseconds (ms); in the GSM system.
  • the specific time slot may be a frame of 60 ms.
  • the specific time slot may be one or more consecutive frames, for example, an N*10ms frame or an N*60ms frame (N ⁇ 1, N is an integer), which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the non-reference base station may set a specific time slot every interval, receive the signal of the base station and process the interval, and the interval time may be the same or different, and may be determined according to system performance requirements.
  • the accuracy of clock synchronization is improved by periodically performing clock synchronization between base stations.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the type of the base station that forms the same-frequency network.
  • the same-frequency network may include a macro base station and at least one small base station, and may also include multiple macro base stations and at least one small base station, and may also include Multiple networking types such as multiple macro base stations.
  • the communication system may include a macro base station and other base stations, where the reference base station 101 is a macro base station, and the non-reference base station 102 is another base station.
  • the macro base station and other base stations form a co-frequency network cell, and the other base stations synchronize to the time of the macro base station through the air interface, and the macro base station can synchronize to the external time by means of GPS, etc., and realize the intra-frequency network cell.
  • the relative synchronization between the base stations is accurate.
  • the reference base station 101 may be a small base station located in a central area, and the non-reference base station 102 is a base station other than the small base station of the central area.
  • a small base station located in the central area of the same frequency network cell is used as a reference base station, and the reference base station is synchronized to an external clock source, for example, to GPS, or the air interface is synchronized to other base stations outside the same frequency network, and the same frequency is used.
  • the other base stations in the network respectively synchronize to the reference base station through the air interface, satisfying the clock synchronization requirement of the same frequency network, and the cost is low.
  • the other base stations described in the embodiments of the present invention include all other base stations except the reference base station in the same-frequency network cell, and the type of the base station is not limited.
  • the reference base station when the reference base station is a macro base station, other base stations include small base stations or other macro base stations; when the reference base station is a small base station located in a central area, other base stations include other small base stations or macro base stations.
  • the basic principle is that the signal coverage area of the reference base station should cover the signal coverage area of the non-reference base station, and therefore, the macro base station or the small base station located in the central area is selected according to the network planning and network optimization requirements.
  • the macro base station or the small base station located in the central area is selected according to the network planning and network optimization requirements.
  • Optional solution is that the signal coverage area of the reference base station should cover the signal coverage area of the non-reference base station, and therefore, the macro base station or the small base station located in the central area is selected according to the network planning and network optimization requirements.
  • the synchronizing the non-reference base station to the reference base station according to the frame timing information and the frame number information the air interface receiver of the non-reference base station parsing a signal sent by the reference base station, and recovering
  • the frame timing information and the frame number information of the reference base station calculate a phase difference, a frequency difference, and a frame number difference between the reference base station and the non-reference base station.
  • the macro base station is used as the reference base station, and the macro base station works normally.
  • the downlink signal is sent to the small base station through the air interface, and the small base station simulates the downlink signal, and the frame timing information and the frame number of the macro base station carried in the downlink signal are obtained.
  • the air interface synchronization algorithm is used for tracking synchronization to complete the air interface synchronization.
  • the air interface synchronization algorithm for example, the PD algorithm, the PID algorithm, and the like, may be used in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the non-reference base station receives the signal sent by the reference base station on a specific time slot and keeps not transmitting the signal, and acquires the signal carried by the reference base station.
  • the frame timing information and the frame number information synchronize the non-reference base station to the reference base station, and realize the air interface synchronization between the base stations in the same frequency network, so as to meet the requirement of clock synchronization of the same frequency network.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base station includes a receiving unit 201, a parsing unit 202, and a synchronization unit 203. among them,
  • the receiving unit 201 is configured to receive, by using an air interface, a signal sent by the reference base station on a specific time slot.
  • the parsing unit 202 is configured to acquire frame timing information and frame number information carried in the signal.
  • the synchronization unit 203 is configured to synchronize the base station to the reference base station according to the frame timing information and the frame number information; and control the base station to remain silent on the specific time slot.
  • the base station and the reference base station form a same-frequency network cell, and have the same cell frequency point and cell identification information, and the signal coverage of the reference base station covers the signal coverage of the base station.
  • the base station remains silent on the specific time slot, and the base station does not send an air interface signal to other base stations in the same frequency network cell on a specific time slot.
  • the manner of selecting a specific time slot in the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be determined according to an air interface definition of a communication system standard.
  • the specific time slot may be a frame of 10 ms.
  • the specific time slot may be one or more consecutive frames, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the specific time slot may be one or more consecutive frames, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiving unit 201 may set a specific time slot every time interval, receive the signal of the base station and process it, and the interval time may be the same or different, and may be determined according to system performance requirements.
  • the accuracy of clock synchronization is improved by periodically performing clock synchronization between base stations.
  • the reference base station is a macro base station
  • the base station is a base station other than the macro base station, and is synchronized to the macro base station by using an air interface manner.
  • the macro base station and other base stations form a co-frequency network cell
  • the other base stations synchronize to the time of the macro base station through the air interface
  • the macro base station can synchronize to the external clock source by using GPS or air interface synchronization, and generate a base station reference. Time, the air interface synchronization between the base stations in the same frequency network cell is realized, and the synchronization time is accurate.
  • the reference base station may be a small base station located in a central area, and the non-reference base station is a base station other than the small base station, and the base station provided by the embodiment of the present invention is any one of the other base stations.
  • a small base station located in a central area of a co-frequency network cell is used as a reference base station, and the reference base station is synchronized to an external clock source, and other base stations respectively pass empty
  • the port is synchronized to the reference base station to meet the clock synchronization requirements of the same frequency network, and the cost is low and the synchronization effect is good.
  • the synchronization unit 203 may be specifically configured to perform air interface synchronization between the base stations by using an air interface synchronization algorithm.
  • an air interface synchronization algorithm For a specific synchronization method, reference may be made to the related description in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and details are not described herein.
  • connection manner of the receiving unit 201, the analyzing unit 202, and the synchronization unit 203 is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the above three units can communicate with each other through a bus connection. Not shown in the figure, the above three units can also communicate through other direct or indirect connection methods.
  • the base station provided in the embodiment of FIG. 3 may be a non-reference base station in the embodiment of the communication system shown in FIG. 2, and a detailed description of each unit function of the base station may refer to the related content of the embodiment shown in FIG. This will not be repeated.
  • the base station receives the signal sent by the reference base station on a specific time slot and keeps not transmitting the signal, and acquires the frame timing carried in the signal sent by the reference base station.
  • the information and the frame number information are synchronized to the reference base station, and the air interface synchronization between the base stations in the same frequency network is realized, which satisfies the requirement of clock synchronization of the same frequency network.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a clock synchronization method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes steps S301-S303:
  • the non-reference base station receives the signal sent by the reference base station through the air interface on a specific time slot, and the non-reference base station remains silent on the specific time slot.
  • the non-reference base station acquires frame timing information and frame number information carried in the signal.
  • the non-reference base station synchronizes to the reference base station according to the frame timing information and the frame number information.
  • the non-reference base station and the reference base station form a same-frequency network cell, and have the same cell frequency point and cell identification information, and the signal coverage of the reference base station covers the signal coverage range of the non-reference base station.
  • the non-reference base station keeps silent on the specific time slot, and the non-reference base station does not send an air interface signal to other base stations in the same-frequency network cell on the specific time slot.
  • the synchronizing the non-reference base station to the reference base station according to the frame timing information and the frame number information the air interface receiver of the non-reference base station parsing a signal sent by the reference base station, and recovering
  • the frame timing information and the frame number information of the reference base station calculate a frequency difference, a phase difference, and a frame number difference between the reference base station and the non-reference base station.
  • the reference base station is a macro base station
  • the base station is another base station in the same-frequency network cell except the macro base station.
  • the non-reference base station is a small base station located in a central area
  • the base station is another base station of the same-frequency network cell except the small base station located in the central area.
  • the manner of selecting a specific time slot in the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be determined according to an air interface definition of a communication system standard.
  • the specific time slot may be a frame of 10 ms.
  • the specific time slot may be one or more consecutive frames, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the specific time slot may be one or more consecutive frames, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • each non-reference base station may be configured to be synchronized to the reference base station by using the clock synchronization method provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • clock synchronization method provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be the method performed by the non-reference base station in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, or may be performed by the base station in the embodiment shown in FIG. Descriptions of related module functions or steps in other embodiments are not described herein.
  • the non-reference base station receives the signal sent by the reference base station on a specific time slot and keeps not transmitting the signal, and acquires the signal sent by the reference base station.
  • the frame timing information and the frame number information synchronize the non-reference base station to the reference base station, and realize the air interface synchronization between the base stations in the same frequency network, so as to meet the requirement of clock synchronization of the same frequency network.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base station includes a receiver 401, a memory 402, and a processor 403. among them,
  • the receiver 401 is configured to receive, by using an air interface, a signal sent by the reference base station on a specific time slot.
  • the memory 402 is configured to store some instructions, where the instruction includes: acquiring frame timing information and frame number information carried in the signal; synchronizing the base station to the reference base station according to the frame timing information and the frame number information; and controlling the The base station remains silent on the particular time slot.
  • the processor 403 is configured to execute an instruction stored by the memory 402.
  • the base station and the reference base station form a same-frequency network cell, and have the same cell frequency point and cell identification information, and the signal coverage of the reference base station covers the signal coverage of the base station.
  • the controlling the base station to remain silent on the specific time slot includes controlling the base station not to send an air interface signal to other base stations in the same frequency network cell on a specific time slot.
  • the manner of selecting a specific time slot in the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be determined according to an air interface definition of a communication system standard.
  • the specific time slot may be a frame of 10 ms.
  • the specific time slot may be one or more consecutive frames, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the specific time slot may be one or more consecutive frames, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the memory 402 may further store instructions, including setting a specific time slot every interval, instructing the receiver 401 to receive and process the signal of the reference station, and the interval time may be the same or different, according to system performance. Demand is determined. The accuracy of clock synchronization is improved by periodically performing clock synchronization between base stations.
  • the processor 403 can execute the above instructions.
  • the reference base station is a macro base station
  • the non-reference base station is another base station other than the macro base station in the same-frequency network.
  • the non-reference base station is a small base station located in a central area, and the non-reference base station is a base station other than the small base station located in the central area in the same-frequency network.
  • the processor may be specifically configured to perform air interface synchronization between the base stations by using an air interface synchronization algorithm.
  • air interface synchronization algorithm For a specific synchronization method, reference may be made to related descriptions in other embodiments of the present invention, and Make a statement.
  • connection manner is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiver 401, the memory 402, and the processor 403 can communicate with each other through a connection manner of a communication bus.
  • the above device can also communicate by other direct or indirect connection methods.
  • the base station may further include a communication interface 404 for performing information interaction with other base stations.
  • the base station may further include a power supply unit 405, or a transmission part, or an alarm part, or an antenna feed part, or an operation and maintenance part. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the base station may have different components according to different implementation manners. This embodiment does not limit this, and does not exhaustively enumerate.
  • the communication bus can be a local bus.
  • the receiver 403 may be a transceiver or a remote radio unit (RRU).
  • RRU remote radio unit
  • the memory 402 may be a type of memory/media in the prior art, such as a flash memory or a random access memory (RAM), and is not particularly limited herein.
  • the processor 403 may be a multi-core processor, or may be a processor geographically dispersed and connected by a communication link, and may be a central processing unit (CPU) or a digital device.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • the memory 402 and the processor 403 may be integrated in a baseband unit (BBU) of the base station.
  • BBU baseband unit
  • the base station provided in the embodiment of FIG. 5 can be a non-reference base station in the embodiment of the communication system shown in FIG. 2, and similar to the function of the base station shown in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the clock shown in the embodiment of FIG. 4 can be executed.
  • the function of each unit of the base station reference may be made to the related content of other embodiments of the present invention, and details are not described herein.
  • the base station receives the signal sent by the reference base station by receiving the signal sent by the reference base station on a specific time slot, and keeps not transmitting the signal.
  • the frame timing information and the frame number information carried in the number are synchronized to the reference base station, and the air interface synchronization between the base stations in the same frequency network is realized, which satisfies the requirement of clock synchronization of the same frequency network.
  • the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the modules is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple modules or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • each functional module in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, and each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

Abstract

本发明实施例提供了一种通信系统、基站以及时钟同步方法，在同频组网场景下，非基准基站在特定时隙上通过接收基准基站发送的信号并保持不向外发送信号，获取基准基站发送的信号中携带的帧定时信息及帧号信息，将非基准基站同步到所述基准基站，实现了同频网中基站间的空口同步，满足同频网对时钟同步的需求。

Description

通信系统、基站及时钟同步方法 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及无线通信领域，特别涉及一种通信系统、基站及时钟同步方法。
背景技术
随着通信技术的日益发展，用户对数据传输业务的容量、质量和深度覆盖的需求更加强烈。为了给用户设备(user equipment，UE)提供更好的通信服务，以及分流宏网络的流量负荷，采用小基站部署于热点、盲点、小区边缘甚至室内区域，对宏基站的信号覆盖起到补充作用。其中，宏基站覆盖的区域称为宏小区(macro cell)，小基站所覆盖的较小热点区域称为微小区或小小区(small cell)。
在宏基站和至少一个小基站进行协作通信的组网场景下，宏基站与小基站之间能否实现时钟同步，直接影响着通话业务的接通率、掉话率等。因此，为了提高通信质量，需确保宏基站和至少一个小基站之间的时钟同步。现有技术中，通常由宏基站作为基准站，同步到外部的时钟参考源，例如全球定位系统(Global Position System，GPS)，产生基准时钟，小基站通过空口接收宏基站发送的信号，根据接收到的信号中携带的宏基站的频率及相位信息，与宏基站之间实现频率及相位的相对时钟同步。
当小基站和宏基站组成同频网(Single Frequency Network，SFN)小区时，小基站将无法解调宏基站的信号，进而不能根据宏基站的信号进行时钟同步；如果同步到该宏基站外的非基准站，时钟精度较差。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种时钟同步方法，可以解决同频网小区的时钟同步问题，本发明实施例还提供了一种通信系统及基站。
第一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种通信系统，包括通过空口通信的基准基站及非基准基站，所述基准基站的信号覆盖范围涵盖所述非基准基站的信号覆盖范围，所述基准基站与所述非基准基站组成同频网小区，具有相同的小区频点和小区标识信息；其中，所述基准基站，用于向所述非基准基站发送信号；所述非基准基站，用于在特定时隙上接收所述基准基站发送的信号，获取所述信号中携带的帧定时信息及帧号信息；根据所述帧定时信息及帧号信息，将所述非基准基站同步到所述基准基站；且所述非基准基站在所述特定时隙上保持静默。
在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述基准基站是宏基站，或者，所述基准基站是位于中心区域的小基站。
结合以上任意一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述非基准基站在所述特定时隙上保持静默包括，所述非基准基站在所述特定时隙上不向所述通信系统中的其他基站发送空口信号。
结合以上任意一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述帧定时信息及帧号信息，将所述非基准基站同步到所述基准基站包括，所述非基准基站的空口接收机解析所述基准基站发送的信号，恢复所述基准基站的帧定时信息及帧号信息，计算所述基准基站和所述非基准基站之间的频率差、相位差以及帧号差。
结合以上任意一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述特定时隙是10毫秒帧。
第二方面，本发明实施例提供了一种基站，包括，接收单元，用于在特定时隙上通过空口接收基准基站发送的信号；解析单元，用于获取所述信号中携带的帧定时信息及帧号信息；同步单元，用于根据所述帧定时信息及帧号信息，将所述基站同步到所述基准基站，以及控制所述基站在所述特定时隙上保持静默；其中，所述基站与所述基准基站组成同频网小区，具有相同的小区频点和小区标识信息，所述基准基站的信号覆盖范围涵盖所述基站的 信号覆盖范围。
在第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述基准基站是宏基站；或者，所述基准基站是位于中心区域的小基站。
结合以上任意一种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述基站在所述特定时隙上保持静默包括，所述基站在所述特定时隙上不向所述同频网小区中的其他基站发送空口信号。
结合以上任意一种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述帧定时信息及帧号信息，将所述基站同步到所述基准基站包括，所述基站的空口接收机解析所述基准基站发送的信号，恢复所述基准基站的帧定时信息及帧号信息，计算所述基准基站和所述非基准基站之间的频率差、相位差以及帧号差。
结合以上任意一种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述特定时隙是10毫秒帧。
第三方面，本发明实施例提供了一种时钟同步方法，包括，非基准基站在特定时隙上通过空口接收基准基站发送的信号，且所述非基准基站在所述特定时隙上保持静默；所述非基准基站获取所述信号中携带的帧定时信息及帧号信息；所述非基准基站根据所述帧定时信息及帧号信息，同步到所述基准基站；其中，所述非基准基站与所述基准基站组成同频网小区，具有相同的小区频点和小区标识信息，所述基准基站的信号覆盖范围涵盖所述非基准基站的信号覆盖范围。
在第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述基准基站是宏基站，或者，所述基准基站是位于中心区域的小基站。
结合以上任意一种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述非基准基站在所述特定时隙上保持静默包括，所述非基准基站在所述特定时隙上不向所述同频网小区中的其他基站发送空口信号。
结合以上任意一种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第三种可能的实现方 式中，所述根据所述帧定时信息及帧号信息，将所述非基准基站同步到所述基准基站包括，
所述非基准基站的空口接收机解析所述基准基站发送的信号，恢复所述基准基站的帧定时信息及帧号信息，计算所述基准基站和所述非基准基站之间的频率差、相位差以及帧号差。
结合以上任意一种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述特定时隙是10毫秒帧。
通过本发明实施例公开的技术方案，在同频组网场景下，非基准基站在特定时隙上通过接收基准基站发送的信号并保持不向外发送信号，获取基准基站发送的信号中携带的帧定时信息及帧号信息，将非基准基站同步到所述基准基站，实现了同频网中基站间的空口同步，满足同频网对时钟同步的需求。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例的一种应用场景示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的一种通信系统的示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的一种基站的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种时钟同步方法的流程示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的另一种基站的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例提供的技术方案适用于多种通信系统，例如，全球移动(GSM，global system for mobile communication)系统，码分多址(CDMA， code division multiple access)系统，宽带码分多址(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access，WCDMA)系统，时分同步码分多址(Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access，TD-SCDMA)系统，长期演进(Long-Term Evolution，LTE)系统以及LTE后续演进的通信系统。
本发明实施例涉及的宏基站或者小基站可以是GSM或CDMA的基站收发台(BTS，base transceiver station)，或者WCDMA或TD-SCDMA系统中的节点B(Node-B)，或者LTE通信系统中的演进型节点B(e-NodeB，evolved NodeB)，以及LTE后续演进的通信系统中的类似基站设备。
本发明实施例中所述的小基站包括微蜂窝基站(micro cell base station)，微微蜂窝基站(pico cell base station)，接入点(AP，access point)等类似设备，本发明实施例对此不做特别限定。
本发明实施例将以LTE系统进行说明，但可以理解的是，本发明实施例提供的技术方案在其他通信系统中的应用与在LTE系统中类似，不再赘述。
图1是一种宏基站与小基站协同通信的组网场景示意图，在该场景中，包括一个宏基站，标记为macro1，三个微蜂窝基站，分别标记为micro1，micro2，micro3。宏基站与各微蜂窝基站独立部署，各基站设备之间可以通过空口通信。UE进入宏基站信号覆盖范围后，可以接入宏基站并获取通信服务，当该UE进入微蜂窝基站信号覆盖范围后，如进入micro1信号覆盖范围后，可以由micro1处理UE的部分业务数据并通过空口发送给macro1，由macro1进行协同处理，提升UE的通信质量。
其中，macro1可以作为基准基站，接收GPS信号，实现与GPS的同步，产生基准基站工作时间，micro1，micro2，micro3可以通过空口同步到macro1。当macro1和micro1，micro2，micro3进一步构成同频网小区时，上述各个基站设备具有相同的小区频点和小区标识(cell ID，cell identity)，采用同频组网，可以解决地理位置相隔较近造成的基站间同频干扰过大的问题，进而提高频率利用率，同时降低终端支持频段的需求，减小终端射频通道的复杂度。 但是，由于各基站的频点和小区标识相同，各基站发送的信号中携带了相同的频点及小区标识信息，任意一个微蜂窝基站无法识别接收到的信号是来自于宏基站还是其他的微蜂窝基站，例如micro1通过空口接收到的任意一个信号，该信号的频点和携带的小区标识信息是macro1与micro1，micro2，micro3共用的，因此micro1无法判断出该信号是否来自macro1，进而micro1无法根据该信号携带的时钟信息实现与macro1的相对同步，无法达到同频网小区的同步精度要求，影响系统性能。
图2是本发明实施例提供的一种通信系统示意图，该通信系统包括，基准基站101，非基准基站102，基准基站101的信号覆盖范围涵盖非基准基站102的信号覆盖范围，基准基站101与非基准基站102组成同频网小区，具有相同的小区频点以及相同的cell ID，即基准基站101和非基准基站102构成同频网小区。
基准基站101，用于向非基准基站102发送信号。
可以理解，基准基站101持续向非基准基站102发送信号，该信号可以是任意包含空口信息的无线信号，例如语音信号，或者测试信号等。
可选地，基准基站101可以同步到外部时钟源，例如GPS，产生一个基站基准时间。
非基准基站102，用于在特定时隙上接收基准基站101发送的信号，获取该信号中携带的帧定时信息及帧号信息；根据该帧定时信息及帧号信息，将非基准基站102同步到基准基站101；且非基准基站102在该特定时隙上保持静默。
其中，帧定时也可以称为帧相位，帧定时信息中包括该信号对应的数据帧的周期的起始时刻。
其中，获取该信号中携带的帧定时信息及帧号信息可以是任意一种解析空口信号的方法，例如解调该信号，提取某数据位上携带的帧定时信息或帧号信息，本发明实施例对此不做特别限定。
其中，非基准基站102在特定时隙上保持静默是指，非基准基站102在该特定时隙上不向该通信系统中的其他基站发送空口信号，即非基准基站102在该特定时隙上只进行信号的接收而不进行信号的发送。
可以理解，当通信系统中包括多个非基准基站时，多个非基准基站在同一个特定时隙上保持静默，则多个非基准基站中的任意一个在某一时刻接收到的只有基准基站的信号，而不会接收到其他非基准基站的信号造成混淆。其中，可以在每个非基准基站中配置同一个特定时隙，具体可以用软件方式实现，本发明实施例对此不做特别限定。
本发明实施例对特定时隙的选择方式不做特别限定，可以根据通信系统制式的空口定义确定，例如，在LTE系统中，上述特定时隙可以是10毫秒(ms)的帧；在GSM系统中，上述特定时隙可以是60ms的帧。
可选地，上述特定时隙可以是一个或多个连续的帧，例如N*10ms帧或者N*60ms帧(N≥1，N为整数)，本发明实施例对此不做特别限定。
可选地，非基准基站可以每间隔一段时间设置一个特定时隙，接收基准站的信号并进行处理，间隔时间可以是相同的或者不同的，可以根据系统性能需求确定。通过周期性地进行基站间时钟同步，提升时钟同步的精度。
本发明实施例对组成同频网小区的基站类型不做特别限定，该同频网小区中可以包括宏基站和至少一个小基站，也可以包括多个宏基站和至少一个小基站，也可以包括多个宏基站等多种组网类型。
可选地，该通信系统中可以包括一个宏基站和其他基站，其中，基准基站101是宏基站，非基准基站102是其他基站。具体地，在该场景下，宏基站和其他基站组成同频网小区，其他基站通过空口同步到宏基站的时间，而宏基站可以通过GPS等方式同步到外部时间，实现了同频网小区内各基站间的相对同步，同步时间精确。
可选地，所述基准基站101可以是位于中心区域的小基站，所述非基准基站102是除该中心区域的小基站以外的其他基站。具体地，在该场景下， 将同频网小区中一个地理位置位于中心区域的小基站作为基准基站，该基准基站同步到外部时钟源，例如同步到GPS，或者空口同步到该同频网外的其他基站，且该同频网内的其他基站分别通过空口同步到该基准基站，满足同频网的时钟同步需求，成本低。
本发明实施例中所述的其他基站包括同频网小区中除基准基站外的所有其他基站，不限定基站的类型。例如，当基准基站为宏基站时，其他基站包括小基站或其他宏基站；当基准基站为位于中心区域的小基站时，其他基站包括其他小基站或宏基站。
其中，可以根据网络规划及网络优化需求选择作为基准基站的基站，基本原则是基准基站的信号覆盖区域要涵盖非基准基站的信号覆盖区域，因此，选择宏基站或者位于中心区域的小基站都是可选的方案。
可选地，所述根据所述帧定时信息及帧号信息，将所述非基准基站同步到所述基准基站包括，所述非基准基站的空口接收机解析所述基准基站发送的信号，恢复所述基准基站的帧定时信息及帧号信息，计算所述基准基站和所述非基准基站之间的相位差、频率差及帧号差。
具体地，以宏基站作为基准基站为例，宏基站正常工作，通过空口发送下行信号给小基站，小基站模拟UE解析该下行信号，获取下行信号中携带的宏基站的帧定时信息和帧号信息，并计算宏基站和至少一个小基站之间的相位差、频率差及帧号差。根据计算得到的相位差、频率差及帧号差，利用空口同步算法进行跟踪同步，完成空口同步。其中，可以采用任意一种空口同步算法，例如PD算法、PID算法等，本发明实施例对此不做特别限定。
采用本发明实施例提供的通信系统，在同频组网场景下，非基准基站在特定时隙上通过接收基准基站发送的信号并保持不向外发送信号，获取基准基站发送的信号中携带的帧定时信息及帧号信息，将非基准基站同步到所述基准基站，实现了同频网中基站间的空口同步，满足同频网对时钟同步的需求。
图3是本发明实施例提供的一种基站的结构示意图，该基站包括接收单元201，解析单元202以及同步单元203。其中，
接收单元201，用于在特定时隙上通过空口接收基准基站发送的信号。
解析单元202，用于获取信号中携带的帧定时信息及帧号信息。
同步单元203，用于根据所述帧定时信息及帧号信息，将该基站同步到基准基站；以及控制所述基站在所述特定时隙上保持静默。
其中，上述基站与基准基站组成同频网小区，具有相同的小区频点和小区标识信息，所述基准基站的信号覆盖范围涵盖所述基站的信号覆盖范围。
其中，基站在所述特定时隙上保持静默包括，该基站在特定时隙上不向所述同频网小区中的其他基站发送空口信号。
本发明实施例对特定时隙的选择方式不做特别限定，可以根据通信系统制式的空口定义确定，例如在LTE系统中，上述特定时隙可以是10 ms的帧。
可选地，上述特定时隙可以是一个或多个连续的帧，本发明实施例对此不做特别限定。具体可以参照图2实施例中的描述，在此不做赘述。
可选地，接收单元201可以每间隔一段时间设置一个特定时隙，接收基准站的信号并进行处理，间隔时间可以是相同的或者不同的，可以根据系统性能需求确定。通过周期性地进行基站间时钟同步，提升时钟同步的精度。
可选地，基准基站为宏基站，该基站是除宏基站以外的其他基站，通过空口方式同步到上述宏基站。具体地，在该场景下，宏基站和其他基站组成同频网小区，其他基站通过空口同步到宏基站的时间，而宏基站可以通过GPS或空口同步等方式同步到外部时钟源并产生基站基准时间，实现了同频网小区内各基站间的空口同步，同步时间精确。
可选地，基准基站可以是位于中心区域的小基站，非基准基站是除该小基站以外的其他基站，本发明实施例提供的基站即为其他基站中的任意一个基站。具体地，在该场景下，将同频网小区中一个地理位置位于中心区域的小基站作为基准基站，该基准基站同步到外部时钟源，其他基站分别通过空 口同步到该基准基站，满足同频网的时钟同步需求，成本低，同步效果好。
可选地，所述同步单元203可以具体用于，利用空口同步算法完成基站间的空口同步。具体的同步方法可以参照图2所示实施例中的相关描述，在此不做赘述。
本发明实施例对上述接收单元201、解析单元202以及同步单元203的连接方式不做特别限定。如图3所示，上述三个单元可以通过总线连接方式相互通信。图中未示，上述三个单元还可以通过其他直接或间接连接方式进行通信。
可以理解，图3实施例提供的基站可以是图2所示通信系统的实施例中的非基准基站，对该基站的各单元功能的详细说明可以参照图2所示实施例的相关内容，在此不做赘述。
采用本发明实施例提供的基站，在同频组网场景下，该基站在特定时隙上通过接收基准基站发送的信号并保持不向外发送信号，获取基准基站发送的信号中携带的帧定时信息及帧号信息，将该基站同步到所述基准基站，实现了同频网中基站间的空口同步，满足同频网对时钟同步的需求。
图4是本发明实施例提供的一种时钟同步方法流程示意图。该方法包括步骤S301-S303：
S301：非基准基站在特定时隙上通过空口接收基准基站发送的信号，且所述非基准基站在所述特定时隙上保持静默。
S302：所述非基准基站获取所述信号中携带的帧定时信息及帧号信息。
S303：所述非基准基站根据所述帧定时信息及帧号信息，同步到所述基准基站。
其中，所述非基准基站与所述基准基站组成同频网小区，具有相同的小区频点和小区标识信息，所述基准基站的信号覆盖范围涵盖所述非基准基站的信号覆盖范围。
其中，所述非基准基站在所述特定时隙上保持静默包括，所述非基准基站在所述特定时隙上不向所述同频网小区中的其他基站发送空口信号。
可选地，所述根据所述帧定时信息及帧号信息，将所述非基准基站同步到所述基准基站包括，所述非基准基站的空口接收机解析所述基准基站发送的信号，恢复所述基准基站的帧定时信息及帧号信息，计算所述基准基站和所述非基准基站之间的频率差、相位差以及帧号差。
可选地，所述基准基站是宏基站，所述基站是该同频网小区中除该宏基站外的其他基站。
可选地，所述非基准基站是位于中心区域的小基站，所述基站是该同频网小区中除该位于中心区域的小基站以外的其他基站。
本发明实施例对特定时隙的选择方式不做特别限定，可以根据通信系统制式的空口定义确定，例如在LTE系统中，上述特定时隙可以是10 ms的帧。
可选地，上述特定时隙可以是一个或多个连续的帧，本发明实施例对此不做特别限定。具体可以参照图2实施例中的描述，在此不做赘述。
可以理解，在本发明实施例提供的通信系统中，可以包括多个非基准基站，每个非基准基站可以配置同一个特定时隙，采用本发明实施例提供的时钟同步方法同步到基准基站。
可以理解，本发明实施例提供的时钟同步方法可以是图2所示实施例中的非基准基站执行的方法，也可以由图3所示实施例中的基站执行的方法，方法流程可以参照本发明其他实施例中的相关模块功能或步骤的描述，在此不做赘述。
采用本发明实施例提供的时钟同步方法，在同频组网场景下，非基准基站在特定时隙上通过接收基准基站发送的信号并保持不向外发送信号，获取基准基站发送的信号中携带的帧定时信息及帧号信息，将非基准基站同步到所述基准基站，实现了同频网中基站间的空口同步，满足同频网对时钟同步的需求。
图5是本发明实施例提供的另一种基站的结构示意图。该基站中包括接收器401，存储器402，以及处理器403。其中，
接收器401，用于在特定时隙上通过空口接收基准基站发送的信号。
存储器402，用于存储一些指令，所述指令包括，获取信号中携带的帧定时信息及帧号信息；根据所述帧定时信息及帧号信息，将该基站同步到基准基站；以及控制所述基站在所述特定时隙上保持静默。
处理器403，用于执行存储器402存储的指令。
其中，上述基站与基准基站组成同频网小区，具有相同的小区频点和小区标识信息，所述基准基站的信号覆盖范围涵盖所述基站的信号覆盖范围。
其中，控制基站在所述特定时隙上保持静默包括，控制该基站在特定时隙上不向所述同频网小区中的其他基站发送空口信号。
本发明实施例对特定时隙的选择方式不做特别限定，可以根据通信系统制式的空口定义确定，例如在LTE系统中，上述特定时隙可以是10 ms的帧。
可选地，上述特定时隙可以是一个或多个连续的帧，本发明实施例对此不做特别限定。具体可以参照本发明其他实施例中的相关描述，在此不做赘述。
可选地，存储器402还可以存储一些指令，包括每间隔一段时间设置一个特定时隙，指示接收器401接收基准站的信号并进行处理，间隔时间可以是相同的或者不同的，可以根据系统性能需求确定。通过周期性地进行基站间时钟同步，提升时钟同步的精度。处理器403可以执行上述指令。
可选地，所述基准基站是宏基站，所述非基准基站是该同频网小区中除该宏基站外的其他基站。
可选地，所述非基准基站是位于中心区域的小基站，所述非基准基站是该同频网小区中除该位于中心区域的小基站以外的其他基站。
可选地，所述处理器可以具体用于，利用空口同步算法完成基站间的空口同步。具体的同步方法可以参照本发明其他实施例中的相关描述，在此不 做赘述。
本发明实施例对上述的连接方式不做特别限定。如图3所示，上述接收器401，存储器402，以及处理器403可以通过通信总线的连接方式相互通信。图中未示，上述装置还可以通过其他直接或间接连接方式进行通信。
所述基站还可以包括通信接口404，用于与其他基站之间进行信息交互。所述基站还可以包括电源单元405，或者传输部分，或者告警部分，或者天馈部分，或者操作维护部分，本领域普通技术人员可以理解，根据不同的实现方式，基站可以有不同的组成部分，本实施例对此不做限定，不做穷尽例举。
所述通信总线可以是本地总线(local bus)。
可选地，所述接收器403可以是收发信机或者远端射频模块(remote radio unit，RRU)。
可选地，所述存储器402可以是闪存存储器(flash memory)或者随机存储器(random access memory，RAM)等现有技术中的各类存储器/介质，在此不做特别限定。
可选地，所述处理器403可以是多核处理器，也可以是在地理位置上分散并以通信链路连接的处理器，可以是中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)，也可以是数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)或者其他的专门处理器。
可选的，所述存储器402和处理器403可以集成在基站的基带处理单元(base band unit，BBU)中。
可以理解，图5实施例提供的基站可以是图2所示通信系统的实施例中的非基准基站，且与图3实施例所示基站的功能类似，可以执行图4实施例所示的时钟同步方法，对该基站的各单元功能的详细说明可以参照本发明其他实施例的相关内容，在此不做赘述。
采用本发明实施例提供的基站，在同频组网场景下，该基站在特定时隙上通过接收基准基站发送的信号并保持不向外发送信号，获取基准基站发送的信 号中携带的帧定时信息及帧号信息，将该基站同步到所述基准基站，实现了同频网中基站间的空口同步，满足同频网对时钟同步的需求。
可以理解，本发明实施例中出现的“第一”、“第二”等描述仅是为了区分不同的对象，没有先后顺序的限制，也不表示本发明实施例中对设备个数的特别限定，不能构成对本发明实施例的任何限制。
可以理解，本发明实施例中出现的“多个”是指两个或两个以上。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的设备和模块的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程描述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的设备和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述模块的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个模块或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个设备中，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能模块可以集成在一个处理模块中，可以是各个模块单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上模块集成在一个模块中。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实施上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
最后需要说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括通过空口通信的基准基站及非基准基站，所述基准基站的信号覆盖范围涵盖所述非基准基站的信号覆盖范围，所述基准基站与所述非基准基站组成同频网小区，具有相同的小区频点和小区标识信息；其中，
    所述基准基站，用于向所述非基准基站发送信号；
    所述非基准基站，用于在特定时隙上接收所述基准基站发送的信号，获取所述信号中携带的帧定时信息及帧号信息；根据所述帧定时信息及帧号信息，将所述非基准基站同步到所述基准基站；且所述非基准基站在所述特定时隙上保持静默。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的通信系统，其特征在于，
    所述基准基站是宏基站，或者，所述基准基站是位于中心区域的小基站。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的通信系统，其特征在于，所述非基准基站在所述特定时隙上保持静默包括，
    所述非基准基站在所述特定时隙上不向所述通信系统中的其他基站发送空口信号。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的通信系统，其特征在于，所述根据所述帧定时信息及帧号信息，将所述非基准基站同步到所述基准基站包括，
    所述非基准基站的空口接收机解析所述基准基站发送的信号，恢复所述基准基站的帧定时信息及帧号信息，计算所述基准基站和所述非基准基站之间的频率差、相位差以及帧号差。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一所述的通信系统，其特征在于，所述特定时隙是10毫秒帧。
  6. 一种基站，其特征在于，包括，
    接收单元，用于在特定时隙上通过空口接收基准基站发送的信号；
    解析单元，用于获取所述信号中携带的帧定时信息及帧号信息；
    同步单元，用于根据所述帧定时信息及帧号信息，将所述基站同步到所述基准基站，以及控制所述基站在所述特定时隙上保持静默；
    其中，所述基站与所述基准基站组成同频网小区，具有相同的小区频点和小区标识信息，所述基准基站的信号覆盖范围涵盖所述基站的信号覆盖范围。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的基站，其特征在于，
    所述基准基站是宏基站，或者，所述基准基站是位于中心区域的小基站。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的基站，其特征在于，所述基站在所述特定时隙上保持静默包括，
    所述基站在所述特定时隙上不向所述同频网小区中的其他基站发送空口信号。
  9. 一种时钟同步方法，其特征在于，包括，
    非基准基站在特定时隙上通过空口接收基准基站发送的信号，且所述非基准基站在所述特定时隙上保持静默；
    所述非基准基站获取所述信号中携带的帧定时信息及帧号信息；
    所述非基准基站根据所述帧定时信息及帧号信息，同步到所述基准基站；
    其中，所述非基准基站与所述基准基站组成同频网小区，具有相同的小区频点和小区标识信息，所述基准基站的信号覆盖范围涵盖所述非基准基站的信号覆盖范围。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述基准基站是宏基站，或者，所述基准基站是位于中心区域的小基站。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述非基准基站在所述特定时隙上保持静默包括，
    所述非基准基站在所述特定时隙上不向所述同频网小区中的其他基站发送空口信号。
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