WO2016089223A2

WO2016089223A2 - Tangential foil turbine

Info

Publication number: WO2016089223A2
Application number: PCT/NZ2015/050203
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gary Cross
Original assignee: Gary Cross
Priority date: 2014-12-05
Filing date: 2015-12-02
Publication date: 2016-06-09
Also published as: WO2016089223A3

Abstract

A fluid driven turbine for the purpose of generating both AC and DC electricity consisting of a Tangential Roller Rotor housed inside a Rotor Chamber thereafter installed into an Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface. Said Rotor attached to Generating Motor(s) via a common Axel/Shaft via a Slipping Drag Clutch on that Axial Shaft or not and of which said Motors are housed in a separate but adjoined Motor Housing. A Gearing System with/without Clutch between said Shaft and Motor(s) may be installed or not. The said Rotor extends only partially into a passing fluid current from within its Chamber through the said Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface thus capturing energy in its Rotor Vane(s) part(s) and causing spin to all rotational parts in turn causing generation of electricity.

Description

TANGENTIAL FOIL TURBINE

(TFT)

TECHNICAL and USAGE DESCRIPTION

[For Intent and Purpose Herein Please Note: AIR is interpreted as a fluid. Also the terms 'Foil' and 'Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface' for intent and purpose herein mean a Structure or Surface of which operates in a Fluid Current and of which by nature or design develops aero/hydro dynamic 'Lift' or 'Down Force' or 'Drag' or causes 'Compression' or 'Decompression' or 'Acceleration' of a fluid during said fluids passing over its surface area into which the invention is installed. 'Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface' is also taken to include ground-earth/sea floor/river bed per condition of usage].

The concept of the TFT (Tangential Foil Turbine) came about through the understanding that fluid current travelled faster over the curved rooftop side of a Aero/Hydro Foil of which in themselves Foils are a Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface and ideally suited for the installation of a high RPM turbine such as the TFT and such that a Foil or Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface may be manipulated or engineered to enable acceptance of or in preparation for installation of the herein described invention being the TFT which is fitted into said Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface and whereby only the Tangential Rotor Vane(s) Part(s) of the TFT device are exposed in the passing current flow and not the whole inclusive Rotor part.

The purpose of the invention is to generate AC and or DC electricity for private or industrial and commercial use and in doing so and in comparison to Prior Art to create a smaller device which creates less high frequency sound and of which requires similar or less natural ambient fluid velocity to operate a far smaller rotor design at similar generating levels with an ability to operate in both air and water fluid environments and of which offers far less danger to wildlife and thereby extending application and installation site possibilities for renewable energies.

1. The TFT device is designed in its smaller forms to generate DC electricity via Rectification and Regulation toward the end purpose of charging DC batteries for the further purpose of inverting/converting after battery to other DC and AC Voltages and Currents. However the device in larger forms is also designed to produce dedicated AC Voltages and Currents.

2. The TFT device may be installed into vehicle/vessel external surfaces (See Fig.i.) as well any surfaces which may offer Aero/Hydro Dynamic compression thereby accelerating ambient fluid flow including Building Sides or the Ground/Earth surface under certain conditions. Of particular interest is for installation into dedicated and pre-fabricated Foil or Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structures and Surfaces. Other installation examples are; within Tunnels whereby the TFT may be installed into the walls/sides or ceilings and floors of a Duct or Tunnel System thus catching passing fluid current or once installed into a dedicated Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface may then be mounted on dedicated mountings as required. Also once installed into a Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface the device may be used atop roofs on swivel mounts (See Fig.6.) or affixed anywhere deemed suitable See F/g.zj.

Further and with small adjustment the TFT may be used underwater to generate electricity where good current exists or indeed installed into the sub-marine panels of Marine 'Hulls' which in themselves are a Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface. The TFT invention has a plurality of usages and simply a matter of Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface concept into which it may be installed.

3. In its larger forms the TFT is envisaged to produce dedicated HVAC electricity enabling direct supply for Industrial use or for Imbedding into Commercial or National Electricity Grid Systems. It can be envisaged that eventually Megawatt scale production may be achieved simply with increase in size and correct location.

4. It is to be noted that the main concept is to insert the TFT electricity generating device which incorporates one or two or a plurality of generator/alternator motors attached in a Motor Housing thereafter attached at one end or Co-axially at both ends of a 'Tangential Roller Rotor' via its 'Axial Shaft' and of which Rotor and Shaft together are 'Housed' inside a separate but adjoined 'Rotor Chamber' then in turn the Rotor Chamber having been affixed into a Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface along its Aperture Edges and Ends (by one of several available fixing methods) as well via the 'Motor Housing which incorporates a 'Motor and Bearing Mounting Plate' and of which may be used to mount the Rotor Chamber directly between two Motor and Bearing Mounting Plates whereby the Motor and Bearing Mounting Plates become the side walls for the purpose of mounting into a Surface with no side walls or in some cases the total unit will be fabricated as One Part and installed as One Part so especially for smaller pre-fabricated units the invention may simply be placed into a prepared aperture and affixed then wired in and whereby only the outer rotor area containing the Surface Parts of the Rotor protrude past the Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface into a passing fluid current thus causing the rotor to catch Kinetic Energy thus causing rotation 'Tangentially' to and 'with' the fluid current thereby spinning the Generator/Alternator Motor(s) via the Rotor Shaft to generate DC/AC electric current for direct use or rectified and regulated then stored in a battery and later inverted/converted for use.

A mention must be made of the TFT ability when installed in land or sea vessels to continue generating electricity when the vessel is at rest and when sufficient fluid current (wind or tidal flow) is available.

For current purpose during prototyping the device is installed into a Prototype Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure of which has been used to describe installation and demonstrate TFT installation therein and herein. For current purpose the Prototype Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure is inverted to create down force onto its footings so as not to stress its footings with 'Lift'. At the same time being inverted allows protection of Tangential Roller Rotor parts from environmental conditions.

In all Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface panels a 'Flush Mounted TFT' will be needed and affixed into the panel surface with Rotor Chamber Aperture being flush with its surface so that only the mounted Tangential Roller Rotor's Vane Part(s) protrude into the fluid current which is passing over the Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface. Flush Mounting is used where a surface is already seen to act as a Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface. In these cases we need only fit the Rotor Chamber, Tangential Roller Rotor and its Rotor Shaft, Motor Housing incorporating Bearing and Motor Mounting Plate and Cover Plate parts and Generator/Alternator parts... these parts being the essence of the 'Tangential Foil Turbine'...being that of placing the TFT essential parts into an Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface. For immediate purpose we have chosen to demonstrate this by installing the TFT into a most efficient prototype 'High Down Force Aero/Hydro Dynamic Fuselage Structure'. Surface Mounting is used once a TFT has been installed into a Aero/Hydro Dynamic

Structure or Surface and such system then Surface Mounted to another Surface via a Bracket and/or Swivel Mounting System.

TFT's may be made Water Tight thereafter used in the Sub Marine environment. The higher weight/density of Water (compared to air) can sustain higher power production due to the more constant and heavier force provided against the Tangential Roller Rotor surface parts compared to lighter air weight and its sporadic flow. Sub Marine is a perfect environment to generate permanent AC power due to guaranteed average current velocity enabling easier control of Frequency (Hertz).

The prototype Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure which we have installed the Prototype TFT into operates in wind. Sub-marine testing will not be carried out until Wind is operational. The only difference between above waterline and below waterline models will be replacement of the Motor and Bearing Mounting Plate to one with no Air Ventilation holes so that only the Bearing Aperture requires a Watertight Shaft Seal, Motors with Higher EMF in accordance with the increased energy offered by a heavier fluid plus an Air Cooling Snorkel System if necessary in warmer water climates.

The use of a 'Multi Speed Gearbox' between Rotor Shaft and Generator/Alternator(s) may be used on larger models.

The use of a Gear/Cog System may be used in Symmetrical Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure to enable two rotors on opposite sides of a Symmetrical Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure to turn in the same rotation and speed. The use of a Pulley-Belt or Gear/Cog system may be used in the future to turn two parallel mounted (Front and Rear) Motors Shafts in the same or opposite rotation.

The use of a Pulley- Belt, Gear or Gearbox to further manipulate Rotor and Generator Motor Rotational Speeds may be used on some models.

Under special circumstances such as heat build-up inside the Motor Housing enclosure a 'Convection Pressure System' by way of simple hole(s) of different size being drilled fore and aft of each other in the underside of the Motor Housing casing on an 'Air' driven TFT or... a 'Snorkel Convection Pressure System' with weather cap may be Fitted/Retro-Fitted to a water submersed or environmentally challenged TFT's. Such system would incorporate two tubes of different sizes, one for intake and the larger for convective draw. A weather hood/hat will be used to enhance suction and convection. The smaller tube will be housed inside the larger tube and turned downward where it exits the larger tube thus avoiding rain intake. A dust filter may be applied. The snorkel system will be especially pertinent to submersible watertight TFT installations. The snorkel system may use a forced air system which runs off the power generated by the turbine.

Turbine Rotors may change in shape and design per differing use. For example, Uni- Directional on Wind Turbine installations which yaw and of which point automatically into the oncoming fluid pressure/current or used on static installations where the fl uid direction will generally but mostly only be coming from one direction such as Ventilation Shafts/Ducts or One Way Vehicular Tunnels or Vessels. The same goes for Uni-directional Water Flows. Bi- Directional Rotors are for use where the fluid may flow from two directions such as Steep Mountain Valleys or Streets and Alleys between Downtown High Rise Blocks where wind seems to persist and only in two directions or...in Tunnels Shafts and Ducts or any site where bi-directional flow occurs and when the TFT and installed Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface are affixed in a uni-directional manner but will experience duality of flow.

The TFT may indeed be installed into the Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surfaces of both HAWT and VAWT conventional turbines with cabling exiting via Slip Rings thus offering those systems even greater generating ability and higher Light Airs generation ability.

The use of a 'Slipping Drag Clutch System' placed on the Rotor Shaft between Rotor Ends and Shaft Bearing Face for Gust Control will be used in many TFT designs and as used in the Prototype TFT. The Slipping Drag Clutch will incorporate greased or dry Drag Plate Washers and Drag Slip Washers and a Pressure Spring thus allowing the Rotor to Slip on the Shaft when over powered by high pressure of fluid current or when sudden halt occurs by allowing the motors to continue at near same speed then slowly catch up or slow to Rotor RPM so as not to stress the rotational system or create too high and instant spikes of electrical current as well help stabilize Frequency (Hertz).

An 'Electro- Mechanical Clutch System' to enable cut-in/cut-out of Secondary Motors may be used. The Electro-Mechanical Clutch System will allow the slowing of First Stage Motors by joining Secondary Motors into the rotational system and which will be part of the Gear or Pulley Parts of a Gear or Pulley-Belt System between Rotor shaft and Rear Motor Shafts. The Electro-Mechanical Clutch would cut in and out at a pre-set Voltage/Amperage production level. The Clutch is an off the shelf item and not an invention associated hereto however will be part of the TFT system when installed. 19. A 'Mechanical Centrifugal Clutch' system may be used when two motors are linked fore and aft by Gear/Cog or Pulley-Belt system whereby rotational speed will determine centrifugal clutch operation. The Centrifugal Clutch System will have a secondary ability of acting as a Mechanical Brake on the Forward (First Stage) Motor. The Mechanical Centrifugal Clutch will be an 'off the shelf item and not an invention associated hereto however will be part of the TFT system when installed.

20. The Prototype Rotor contains only 8 Vanes however more are anticipated and in odd or even quantity. The Drawings attached hereto refer only to the Aero Dynamic Vane Styles developed by the inventor and should not refer to Vane Quantity. Rotor Vane design will continually change with improvement over time. In some cases no Vanes will be necessary for extreme high velocity installations as surface Drag Friction on a rough surface will cause rotor roll hence the term Roller Rotor. The device is not restricted in Rotor Vane style quantity or sizing.

21. A Race Foil used to further accelerate Fluid Velocity which doubles as a Rotor Guard will be implemented in some cases. This may be affixed across the Motor and Bearing Mounting plate when the Plate is used as a Side or across between the Sides of a Foil Structure and as such will become part of the TFT system as a whole and when installed.

PRIOR ART

Prior Art associated to the invention includes conventional Wind and Water powered Electricity Generating Turbines such as; a. HAWT (Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine) - Propeller Style Rotor with Generating Part Mounted Horizontally atop extreme height tower or pole structures. b. VAWT (Vertical Axis Wind Turbine) - Paddle Wheel Style Rotor with Aero Dynamic Foil Blades as well Wind Channelling Helical Style Vanes with Generating Part Mounted Vertically atop high pole structures. Some have Diffusers to guide flow over the rotor(s).

c. DUCTED Turbine - Propeller Style Rotor Mounted Inside a Round Duct - Hydro Power Turbines as Mounted into Hydro Dam Ducts.

d. TIDAL Turbine - HAWT Style Set In A Tidal Current.

e. WATER WHEEL Turbine - as used on Mill Sides powered by Rivers and Streams.

INVENTIVE STEPS

The following being a list of departures from mainstream technology which are inventive and novel when compared to most or all other conventional Fluid driven turbines;

1. Decrease of Swept Area compared to conventional PRIOR ART Turbine Rotor Technology by offering a far lower 'Swept Area' is a major advancement in Wind Turbine technology.

Ave. 350W Prototype TFT (1 motor) = 0.35sq/m Sweep (.35m Protrusion x lm Rotor).

Ave. 350W conventional HAWT = 0.9sq/m Sweep (ave. 1.5m x 60mm Rotor).

Ave. 300W conventional VAWT = 1.92sq/m Sweep (ave. 1.2m x 1.6m Rotor).

2. A Turbine with Tangential Rolling Rotor of which Rolls and Rotates with and in direction of flow of a fluid current and of which Vanes/Surface Area is not always fully exposed to the fluid current due to the Tangential nature of the Rotor Vanes/Surface Area operation by way of the Rotor being seated inside a Rotor Chamber and whereby only a portion of the whole Rotor enters then withdraws from the fluid current upon each cycle of the Rotor and of which Rotor Vanes/Surface Area does not use Re-directive Forces across a fluid to make it way such as do 'Blades' on conventional VAWT and HAWT and other Wind Turbines and of which all of which must constantly and wholly be exposed to a fluid current. For simplified explanation the Rotor acts in the manner of a Spinnaker Sail which may only be used downwind compared to a Jib Sail on a yacht used for reaching across or when close hauled tacking or pointing up into the wind.

3. Ability to install 'into' most any Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface including other Turbine Structure surfaces and their Blade parts.

4. Ability to install into external Aero/Hydro Dynamic Surfaces of vessels which make way or have mobility thereby ability to operate when no natural ambient fluid current exists and at high speed of the vessel and high speed of the Tangential Rolling Rotor and Motors.

5. A design of Turbine and Rotor System which will far reduce harm to Avian wildlife compared to conventional mainstream technologies in that the Rotor has no wide area Sweeping Blades as per HAWT's and VAWT's as well is not spinning in open air as per VAWT's and HAWT's and in fact is mostly enclosed inside a housing and of which further is enclosed within a Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface thus offering good visual and sensory warning (as with Bat Radar or Fish Lateral Line) of approaching static danger as well insect wildlife cannot easily enter the rotational area during times of rotor spin due to current flow over the TFT installation Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface of which all points of show major advancement on current mainstream technologies in turbine industries.

6. Incorporation of a Slipping Drag/Clutch System on a Turbine Rotor Shaft between Rotor End and Bearing Face thus allowing Rotor Slippage in emergency/accidental dead stop events or extreme punch current Thrust events thus avoiding harm to Rotor Motors and Shaft. FABRICATION

The prototype Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure which the Prototype TFT was installed into is approx 1.22m wide, 1.37m long and .97m high. The prototype TFT with one Generating Motor installed is designed to produce 230VAC x 1.9A approx at 1200RPM or 230VDC x 1.9A approx at 1200RPM. The prototype was fitted with prototype Flywheel style Brushless Alternator Motors which were directly attached to the Rotor Shaft.

GENERAL PARTS LIST FOR PROTOTYPE TFT

All parts may be fabricated or engineered in weights and strengths and from any materials to suit an application (See Fig.il.)

1. Tangential Rotor - 150mmOD x 1000mm Wide -(See Fig.3. and Fig.4.)

2. Rotor Chamber - 1004mm Wide with internal I D to fit 150mm Rotor with measured

clearance.

3. Brushless Alternator Motors x 2 as standard - (incorporating separate Stator and Flywheel used for this example application) x 1 or 2 @ approx 450w. Other style and ratings of Motor will be used in other applications and trialled in this prototype later).

4. Motor Stator Mounting Spacers x 6.

5. Flywheel Locating Washers x 2.

6. Motor Housing - incorporating Motor and Bearing Mounting Plate. (See Fig.4. and Fig.5.)

7. Motor Housing Cover Plate.

8. Gasket Beading Compound (Sealant).

9. Shaft Bearings (self aligning) with Cages.

10. Rotor Shaft.

11. Flywheel Shaft Spacers x 2.

12. Rotor Vane Spacer Discs x 3 - CNC cut -(See Fig.3.)

13. Spacer Disc Tube Spacers x 2.

14. Disc Support/Spacer Washers x 2.

15. Rotor Vanes x 8.

16. Rotor Shaft Clutch Springs x 2

17. Long Grease Lubrication for Clutch Washers.

18. Clutch Washers x 4 Zinc and x 2 Brass or Copper

19. Tribo-Electric (Static) Suppressor(s)

20. Cabling - To suit Loadings.

21. Rectifiers - As necessary

22. Electrical Connectors - Switches, Terminals and Fasteners.

23. General Engineering Fastenings as required - Bolts, Nuts, Washers, Locktite... etc.

24. Tack Welding and General Engineering Services.

25. Installation Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface for general Flush Fitting - (See Fig.6.) Race Foil General Parts List

26. Race Foil (and Rotor Guard) - Moulded or Extruded

27. Fasteners and Drilling or Welding or Glue. A 'TFT' MAY ALSO INCLUDE...

1. Pulley- Belt or Gears or Cogs or Gearing Systems for drive connection between generating Motors.

2. Automatic Slipping Clutch/Slipping Centrifugal Clutch System on Rear Motor

Gear/Cog/Pulley System when Rear Motor(s) installed.

3. Ventilation Snorkel - For use with both submersible TFT as well for Extreme Conditions such as Dusty or Corrosive Atmospheres.

4. Rotor Chamber Moisture Drain required when Chamber installed with aperture upward.

5. Injection Moulded CRP Rotor (Cost of mould too invasive for prototyping however this will be produced in not too distant future. As well we trust this design profile [drawing attached] is included as part of this patent).

FABRICATION PROCEDURE

This example of fabrication/installation is for fitting the TFT system into an Aero/Hydro Dynamic Fuselage Structure' of which is under development now and of which a prototype has been completed alongside the TFT prototype. This example in general relates to construction and fabrication of all TFT's.

Before Starting - see Fig.8. and Fig.9. and Fig.10. It is herein accepted that;

a. The Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface into which the TFT will be installed has been fabricated and made ready to accept TFT installation.

b. The Rotor has been pre-fabricated from Aluminium and seated onto the also pre-engineered common Rotor/Motor/Gear/Pulley Shaft and thereafter balanced. Making up the Rotor as used in the prototype is simply a matter of sliding parts onto the Rotor Shaft in specific order (Spacer Disc - Tube Spacer - Disc Support Washer - Spacer Disc - Disc Support Washer - Tube Spacer - Spacer Disc) then after sliding Vanes through corresponding cuts in the Discs to Tack Weld each Vane to the Spacer Discs (3 Tacks per Vane centrally located at same position on each Disc/Vane taking note that tacks are central on the Vane and on the outside of the end Discs plus ensure the Vanes are level with the outside edge of the End Discs as well that Discs are perpendicular and square to the Shaft plus Vanes are in line along the Shaft length. The centre Disc should be tacked with 4every second tack on opposite side of disc.

Note: When sizing a Rotor Chamber the clearance (Tolerance) required between Rotor Vane Tips and Internal Wall of the Rotor Chamber must be considered. A calculation of Volume inside the Chamber between Rotor Tips and Chamber Wall must be made at the same time taking into account 'Aero/Hydro Dynamic Ground Affect' of Vanes as they compress fluid against the Chamber Wall... toward the purpose of allowing enough air gap so as not to cause excessive 'Rotational Fluid Drag' due to centrifugal thrust against the inside wall of the Rotor Chamber during Rotor Vane rotation as fluid is flushed around inside the chamber enclosure.

c. The Motor Housing incorporating Motor and Bearing Mounting Plate has been cut by CNC and pre-fabricated ready to accept mounting of Bearings and Stator part of Motors (Note: For this example I have only explained direct drive motor attachment only and have not included explanation of rear mounted motors with Gear/Pulley-Belt/Gearbox System attached between the Rotor Shaft and Motor Shaft(s) as several common configurations are possible).

d. The Rotor Chamber has been fabricated and fitted/welded inside between the Side

Planes/Walls of the prototype Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure and is fitted flush with its surface ready for placement of the Rotor and affixing of the Motor Housings.

Please Note: Unless welding the Rotor Chamber in along the aperture edges... a different style of Rotor Chamber with Lipped Rotor Aperture Edges is required for Bolting/Screwing or Riveting through the Lips into flush surfaces as well Grooves may be cut into the Motor and Bearing

Mounting Plate to accommodate the Rotor Chamber end profile/shape. A simple Lip may be affixed (welded) along the Rotor Aperture Edges from one end to the other of the Chamber or if the Chamber is 'Rolled' from sheet metal or plate then the aperture flare can be pressed/bent to allow drilling and direct fixing with bolts screws or rivets. As well the Motor Mounting Plate part of the Motor Housing may be affixed (welded) directly to the Rotor Chamber ends making the Rotor Chamber and Motor Housing incorporating the Motor and Bearing Mounting Plate as one complete unit before affixing to the Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface. In smaller units the Rotor Chamber along with Motor Housing incorporating the Motor and Bearing Mounting Plate will be pressed and rolled or moulded or in any way fabricated as one part for easy installation especially when fabricating en mass. Further explanation can be made available if necessary. Other methods of affixing the Rotor Chamber are available such as mounting into grooves machined into the walls/sides of the Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface or Motor and Bearing Mounting Plate thereafter affixing the Mounting Plate to the Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface in a way that does not allow the Rotor Chamber to come out of the grooves. In some cases High Specification Adhesives may be used to affix the Rotor Chamber Aperture edges to a Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface. The fixing method used will vary and depends upon the application size and required strength of fixing as well conditions of use... however one fact remains the same in that the Rotor Chamber and Motor and Bearing Mounting Plate is affixed into all completed TFT units

'regardless of fixing method'.

1. Attach Self Aligning Bearings loosely to the Mounting Plate pars of the Motor Housing with correct bolts washers and lock nuts and ensuring Bearings are on correct side of Mounting Plate. Attach the Stator parts of the Motors to the Mounting Plate parts of the Motor Housings with correct bolts washers and lock nuts. Ensure gaps in Stator Walls are in same direction on opposing sides of Mounting Plate.

Apply Sealant all around under edges the Motor Housing Mounting Plate which Stator and Bearings are fitted to ensuring no gaps in sealant and spread around all bolt holes then bolt one Mounting Plate to one side of the Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface sides/walls thus covering and Sealing the Rotor Chamber Aperture on that side. Holes will align with pre-drilled/cut holes in Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure sides/walls. In some cases you may require to drill the holes yourself in the Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure sides/walls by using the Motor Mounting Plate/Motor Housing part as a template after first ensuring correct positioning on each side. Use correct bolts washers and lock nuts.

Grease the Rotor Shaft and place through the Rotor. Place Greased Steel Clutch Washer then Greased Brass/Bronze Clutch Washer then another Greased Steel Clutch Washer then Greased Rotor Shaft Clutch Spring and then slide onto Rotor Shaft end in that order then place the Rotor incorporating the Shaft into the Rotor Housing and gently push the Shaft end with Tension Spring and Drag Washers attached through the loose Self Aligning Bearing on the opposite side. Ensure the Rotor Vanes are facing in the correct direction for catchment of oncoming current.

Now place Greased Drag Washers and Drag Spring on the near end of the Rotor Shaft in the same order as before.

Apply sealant to the remaining Motor Housing Mounting Plate as before then gently slide the loose Bearing and attached Motor Housing onto the Rotor Shaft then bolt the Housing into place. Place a long Allen Key through corresponding holes in the Rotor Spacer Discs between Vanes and into the bearing bolts and with a spanner tighten the bearing bolt lock nuts from inside the Motor Housing. Tighten both bearing sets. The Rotor is now mounted. Note: Press fit bolts or nuts may be used in the Motor and Bearing Mounting Plate part of the Motor Housing Part whereby an Allen Key will not be necessary.

Place the 'Flywheel Shaft Spacers' onto the shaft ends and mount the Motor Flywheel Rotors onto the Splines then apply locating washers and locknuts.

Affix and connect Rectifiers, Regulators, Isolators, Tribo-Electric (Electro-static) Suppressors and Frequency Suppressors as required.

Run Cables out via watertight conduit fittings through side of Motor Housing.

Affix Race Foil if required. Fabrication Complete. Possible Subsequent Patent/Design

Registration

Subsequent applications for patents or engineering designs arising from TFT invention may include;

1. Proprietary Patents for different Rotor Styles which evolve over time with research and development.

2. Design Patents for the Prototype Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure into which the Prototype TFT is deployed.

3. Proprietary Patent for - Automatic 'Light Airs' Crank System (Being developed now and of which will allow very early spin and thereby production start up.

Averaged Test Results

TEST DATE; 12 November 2015 at Papamoa Beach, Tauranga 3118 New Zealand. Start 11.06am and again 1.45pm after relieving Drag Spring Tensions. Rotor: 150mmOD x lm x 8 x 35mm Vanes.

Motor Resistance: BEMF Constant - 95Vrms/rad. S-l. (Only ONE Flywheel Installed). High Speed Bearing Friction: Data Unavailable.

Total Weight Of Rotational Parts: 4.266kg [Incorporating One Motor Flywheel (790g), Heavy Aluminium Test Rotor and Parts, 12mm Bright Steel Hardened Axel Shaft, Aluminium Spacer Tubes, Nuts, Shaft Spacers, Steel and Copper Drag Washers, Drag Springs].

Average Vehicle Speed (KPH) Sample Size (Runs) Averaged Voltages (VDC)

Difference

20 Withheld Withheld

30 Withheld Withheld

40 8 91

50 15 153 62

60 25 181 28

70 9 231 57

80 5 267 36

90 3 286 19

The highest recorded voltage was 330VDC at 40KPH. Some unrecorded gust spikes were noticed up to 370vdc at which time vehicle brakes were applied. These test figures were achieved with only one Motor installed. The 'low difference' shown at 60KPH suggests Laminar Breakaway passing forward over the Rotor. Some future testing will be held in a Wind Tunnel to obtain Rotor Vane flow data and marketable results. A low frequency hum (Deep Voice Hum) was noticed at low speeds gradually getting less as the hum sped up and as rotation increased. This hum can be mostly removed with changes to the Rotor as well balancing and alignment which had not been carried out prior to testing. AOA adjustments to the Prototype Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure will further increase results.

Claims

CLAIMS hereby claimed;

1. A Wind or Water Powered Turbine for the purpose of Generating Electricity incorporating a

Tangential Roller Rotor part which installs into and is Chambered beneath with Vane parts protruding from the surface of any panel(s) suitable for installation on any Aero/Hydro Dynamic

Structure or Surface [whereby said Structure is an enclosed structure which may be water tightened] of which by nature or design causes acceleration of an oncoming passing fluid prior to said fluid flowing over said Tangential Roller Rotor Vane part(s) [and of which said Tangential

Roller Rotor being seated onto a axial Rotor Shaft both being housed inside a Rotor Chamber with an aperture along its length to allow the Rotor Vanes to protrude through (See Fig.12.) during work of which said Rotor Chamber is mounted and affixed between two side plates of a pre-existing or prefabricated Aero/Hydro Dynamic 'Structure' (See Fig.8.) and of which said sides have holes cut enabling placement of said Rotor through into said Chamber (See Fig.9.) whereas for mounting into a Aero/Hydro Dynamic 'Surface' with no sides then said side plates are replaced by two Motor and Bearing Mounting Plates of which part is also the base of a Motor Housing part and of which said Rotor Chamber is then affixed between said Motor and Bearing Mounting Plates and of which said Motor Housings are also used for mounting said Motors to the outsides of said side plates (See Fig.10.) of a Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure into which said Rotor Chamber has been previously affixed with in both cases meaning both Structure and Surface mounting methods having the Motor Housings in common into which one or more Motors are Mounted at one or both ends of said Tangential Roller Rotor and said Rotor Chamber and said Rotor Shaft and its Bearings and of which said Motors may be directly or indirectly attached to said Shaft with or without the use of a common Drive Gear or common Pulley-Belt Drive System between Motor Shaft(s) and or said Rotor Shaft or with or without the assistance of a Gear Box attached to said Motors to enhance or reduce Spin Speed of the Motors and or a Clutch System or not attached to the Shaft(s) of said Motor(s) to join said Motor(s) in and out of rotational synchronization via a Gear or Pulley-Belt system and with or without the use of a Slipping Drag Clutch comprising Drag Washers/Discs and Tension Spring placed over the Rotor Shaft between the Tangential Roller Rotor Ends and the Rotor Shaft Bearing Faces at each end of said Shaft to allow slippage between Rotor and Motor(s) via said Rotor Shaft and Shaft Bearings thereafter said attached Motor(s) may be sited in any position about the said Rotor Shaft inside said Motor Housing and on which said Shaft the Tangential Roller Rotor is mounted of which the Tangential Roller Rotor Rotor Vane(s) surface(s) protrude out through an aperture in said Rotor Chamber and past the Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface by a pre-calculated amount into accelerated passing fluid thus causing the Rotor Vane(s) surface area to catch sufficient Kinetic Energy to cause Spin of all Rotational Parts and in the direction of flow of the said accelerated fluid and in turn causing said Motor(s) to Spin in forward or reverse direction dependent upon gearing via attachment to said Rotor Shaft via said Slipping Drag Clutch or directly attached when no Slipping Drag Clutch installed and thereby converting the Kinetic Energy of the fluid into AC Electricity via said Generating Motors and thereafter rectified to DC Electricity if required and dependant on end user Load requirement] and of which said Turbine is installed/fitted into a one or all sides of said host Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or

Surface [and affixed at any position in said Structure or Surface where the fluid current velocity is measurably higher than the ambient oncoming fluid current velocity directly ahead of said Structure or Surface and whether or not said Structure or Surface is static or is capable of making way or set vertically or horizontally or on any angle after installation of the invention and whether the said structure or surface is below or above waterline or the invention is set into land or sea or water course bed/floor and regardless of any scale of size of both the invention and the Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface and regardless of materials used in construction of the invention] and whereby all herein mentioned mechanical rotational and generating parts of the invention along with all common engineering and electrical accessorial fittings and fixings including Shaft Watertight Seals and Motor Housing Sealants-Gaskets of which all parts for installation being assembled and fabricated and installed as a whole and separate unit into said Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface or assembled and installed jointly using existing side plates of a Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface to affix said Rotor chamber to and thereby and in doing so in both scenarios will create a Wind or Water Powered Turbine for the purpose of Generating Electricity of which said and documented Device hereby is named the 'Tangential Foil Turbine' (TFT) and is of the conception invention and device of the inventor applicant.

2. The invention as per Claim 1 and incorporating a 'Race Foil' being a Symmetrical or Non-Symmetrical Aero/Hydro Dynamic Foil (See Fig.l. and Fig.7.) affixed between said side plates of a said host Structure or between said Motor and Bearing Mounting Plate parts and installed opposite the said Rotors exposed protruding Vane(s) part(s) at a distance which offers further increased compression and velocity of fluid current over the said Rotor part(s) and of which Race Foil also acts as a Rotor Guard and when installed is an integral part of the invention as a whole.

3. The invention as per Claim 2 and whereby all parts described change in size or shape or strength and material to suit installation and application into the host Aero/Hydro Dynamic Structure or Surface and whereby the end result and scope of the invention remain intact with procedural method as in Claim 1.