WO2016086691A1 - 一种针对支柱类电气设备的定心式摩擦减震器 - Google Patents

一种针对支柱类电气设备的定心式摩擦减震器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016086691A1
WO2016086691A1 PCT/CN2015/087808 CN2015087808W WO2016086691A1 WO 2016086691 A1 WO2016086691 A1 WO 2016086691A1 CN 2015087808 W CN2015087808 W CN 2015087808W WO 2016086691 A1 WO2016086691 A1 WO 2016086691A1
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Prior art keywords
wedge
friction
piston rod
sliding
left sleeve
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PCT/CN2015/087808
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙宇晗
卢智成
刘振林
钟珉
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国家电网公司
中国电力科学研究院
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Publication of WO2016086691A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016086691A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
    • F16F7/08—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers with friction surfaces rectilinearly movable along each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/002—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising at least one fluid spring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
    • F16F7/08—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers with friction surfaces rectilinearly movable along each other
    • F16F7/09—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers with friction surfaces rectilinearly movable along each other in dampers of the cylinder-and-piston type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/10—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial
    • F16F9/14—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect
    • F16F9/16—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts
    • F16F9/18—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein
    • F16F9/19—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein with a single cylinder and of single-tube type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a friction damper for an electrical device, and more particularly to a centering friction damper for a strut type electrical device.
  • the seismic capacity of power equipment has received more and more attention.
  • the installation arrangement of the shock absorbers also has an important impact on the performance of the shock absorbers.
  • the shock absorber In order to facilitate the popularization and application of the shock absorber, under the condition that the performance of the shock absorber is satisfied, the shock absorber needs to be installed easily and the force transmission is clear, so that the shock absorber can fully exert its performance to protect the electrical equipment.
  • the pillar type electrical equipment in the substation mainly includes lightning arresters, transformers, post insulators, switch type equipment, etc. Because the equipment is installed on the bracket, the center of gravity is high, the stiffness is small, the natural vibration frequency is at the excellent frequency of ground motion, and the earthquake is vulnerable. Sexually large. Since the pillar type electrical equipment is generally composed of a brittle ceramic material, its natural vibration frequency is close to the excellent frequency range of the seismic wave, and the support of the pillar type electrical equipment has an amplification effect on the earthquake action, and thus is more susceptible to the earthquake. In the prior art, a certain number of shock absorbers are often mounted on the brackets of the pillar type electrical equipment. However, the shock absorption parameters of different types of shock absorbers are different, and the seismic fortification intensity of the electrical equipment in different areas is not the same. At the same time, the shock absorbers currently applied to electrical equipment mainly have the following problems:
  • the present invention provides a centering friction damper for a strut type electrical device, the damper including a piston rod, and a cylinder provided with a disc spring; a sliding wedge is respectively connected to two sides of the shaped spring, and a friction wedge is arranged in the sliding wedge;
  • one side of the cylinder is embedded in the right stopper, and the other side is embedded in the left sleeve;
  • the sliding wedge is respectively disposed between the disc spring and the right stopper, and between the disc spring and the left sleeve
  • the shock absorber is actuated, the piston rod is moved laterally from the right stopper cylinder toward the left sleeve side to press the sliding wedge and the disc spring;
  • One side of the cylinder tube connected to the left sleeve is open, and one side connected to the right barrel is closed, and a circular hole is formed in the center thereof for forming a moving passage of the piston rod; two of the right stopper Both sides are open;
  • the left sleeve is open on one side and closed on the other side, and the surface is threaded for matching with the thread on the inner side of the cylinder;
  • a locking nut is disposed between the sliding wedge and the right stopper, and between the sliding wedge and the left sleeve; the locking nut is a cylindrical structure with a threaded inner wall , embedded in the right stopper and the left sleeve, respectively;
  • the inner cavity of the locking nut is a moving passage of the piston rod, and when the piston bolt is moved from the right side of the right stopper to the left sleeve side, the sliding wedge and the disc spring are pressed by the locking nut;
  • the piston rod is a cylindrical structure with a thread on the surface for connecting with the lock nut;
  • a gap is provided between the left sleeve and the lock nut, and the gap is a moving clearance of the piston rod in the shock absorber;
  • the friction wedge includes an inner friction wedge and an outer friction wedge; the inner friction wedge is coupled to the disc spring;
  • the inner friction wedge is a wedge structure including a cylindrical cavity, and the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the wedge structure are both circular;
  • the outer friction wedge is a wedge-shaped structure including a cylindrical cavity, and the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the wedge structure are both circular;
  • the cylindrical cavity is a moving passage of the piston rod
  • the sliding wedge is a cylindrical structure including a wedge-shaped cavity;
  • the wedge-shaped cavity comprises two cylindrical wedge-shaped cavities;
  • the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the cylindrical wedge-shaped cavity are both circular, two The upper bottom surface of the cylindrical wedge cavity is connected to each other;
  • the outer surface of the sliding wedge has a friction coefficient of 0.2 and an inner surface friction coefficient of 0.1;
  • the inner friction wedge and the outer friction wedge are respectively embedded in the cylindrical wedge-shaped cavity of the sliding wedge, and a gap is provided between the upper bottom surface of the inner friction wedge and the upper bottom surface of the outer friction wedge;
  • the disc spring has an initial compression of 2 mm and a maximum allowable displacement of 6 mm.
  • the sliding wedge provided with the inner friction wedge and the outer friction wedge can limit the relative displacement of the inner friction wedge and the outer friction wedge, thereby ensuring sufficient damping efficiency of the shock absorber;
  • the centering friction damper for the pillar type electrical equipment provided by the invention has the initial lifting force, and can adjust the initial lifting force according to the quality of the equipment, and ensure that under the self-weight of the pillar type electrical equipment,
  • the shock absorber does not slip Displacement; high damping efficiency; no residual deformation after unloading; compact structure, easy to install.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a centering friction damper for a strut type electrical device in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a centering friction damper for a strut type electrical device in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 a cross-sectional view of the sliding wedge of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 top view of the sliding wedge of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the outer friction wedge of Figure 2;
  • Figure 6 top view of the outer friction wedge of Figure 2;
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the inner friction wedge of Figure 2;
  • Figure 8 top view of the inner module wedge of Figure 2;
  • the invention provides a shock absorber for the electrical equipment of the pillars in the substation, and ensures the fixed connection between the equipment and the bracket under normal use conditions, and reduces the seismic response of the equipment through friction energy consumption under the action of earthquake, after the earthquake
  • the shock absorber has no residual deformation.
  • the shock absorber in this embodiment includes a left sleeve 1, a cylinder 2, a sliding wedge 3, a friction wedge, a lock nut 4, a right stopper 7, a piston rod 8, and a disc spring 9, and the friction wedge includes an outer portion. Friction wedge 5 and inner friction wedge 6.
  • the number of the sliding wedge 3, the lock nut 4, the outer friction wedge 5 and the inner friction wedge 6 is 2, and the number of the disc springs is 30.
  • the disc springs 9 are disposed in the cylinder barrel 2, and the sliding wedges 3 are respectively disposed on both sides of the disc spring 9, and the outer friction wedges 5 and the inner friction wedges 6 are respectively embedded inside the sliding wedges 3, when the piston rod 8 is When advancing from the outside of the cylinder 2 to the inside thereof, the friction wedge and the disc spring 9 are pressed to reduce the seismic response of the gas device by the frictional energy consumption.
  • the damper is arranged at the lower part of the upper end of the bracket, and is connected to the device through the connecting plate through the extension part of the piston rod, and the device is fixedly connected with the bracket under normal use.
  • the cylinder 2 is embedded in the right stopper 7 on one side and the left sleeve 1 on the other side;
  • the cylinder barrel 2 has an outer diameter of 56 mm, a section inner diameter of 40 mm, and a cylinder length of 164 mm; the cylinder 2 is open to one side of the left sleeve 1 and internally provided with a thread for The thread provided on the surface of the left sleeve 1 is matched to insert the left sleeve 1 into the cylinder 2 to close the cylinder 2.
  • a side of the cylinder 2 connected to the right stopper 7 is closed, and a circular hole having a diameter of 16 mm is opened in the center for forming a moving passage of the piston rod 8.
  • the outer stopper 7 has an outer diameter of 40 mm, a cross-sectional inner diameter of 28 mm, and a right stopper length of 20 mm. Both sides are open and the length of 20 mm is entirely embedded in the cylinder 2.
  • the outer diameter of the left sleeve 1 is 40 mm
  • the inner diameter of the cross section is 28 mm
  • the length of the left sleeve is 34 mm
  • one side is open
  • the other side is closed
  • the surface is threaded.
  • the left sleeve 1 is inserted into the cylinder tube 2 as shown in FIG. After that, 8 mm remains on the outside of the cylinder 2 to completely seal the cylinder 2.
  • the locking nut 4 is a cylindrical structure with a thread on the inner wall, respectively embedded In the right stopper 7 and the left sleeve 1;
  • the cylindrical structure of the lock nut 4 has a cross-sectional outer diameter of 26 mm, a cross-sectional inner diameter of 16 mm, and a length of 10 mm;
  • the internal cavity of the lock nut 4 is a moving passage of the piston rod 8, and when the piston rod 8 is pushed outward from the outside of the cylinder 2, the friction wedge and the disc spring 9 are pressed by the lock nut 4.
  • the piston rod 8 is a cylindrical structure having a cross-sectional diameter of 16 mm; the surface of the cylindrical structure is threaded for connection with the lock nut 4.
  • the piston rod is made of 45 steel.
  • a gap of 16 mm is included between the left sleeve 1 and the lock nut 4, which is the moving clearance of the piston rod 8 in the damper.
  • the left sleeve 1, the cylinder 2 and the right stopper 7 are all made of Q235 steel.
  • the friction wedge includes an inner friction wedge 6 and an outer friction wedge 5; the inner friction wedge 6 is coupled to the disc spring 9;
  • the inner friction wedge 6 is a wedge-shaped structure including a cylindrical cavity.
  • the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the wedge-shaped structure are both circular, the upper bottom surface has a diameter of 22.8 mm, and the lower bottom surface has a diameter of 29.3. Mm; the width between the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface is 10 mm; the cylindrical cavity inside the wedge-shaped structure has a cross-sectional diameter of 16 mm; the angle between the side surface of the wedge-shaped structure and the lower bottom surface is 72°.
  • the cylindrical cavity is a moving passage of the piston rod.
  • the outer friction wedge 5 is a wedge-shaped structure including a cylindrical cavity.
  • the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the wedge structure are both circular, the upper bottom surface has a diameter of 22.8 mm, and the lower bottom surface has a diameter of 28 mm.
  • the width between the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface is 8 mm; the cross-sectional diameter of the cylindrical cavity inside the wedge-shaped structure is 16 mm; the angle between the side surface of the wedge-shaped structure and the lower bottom surface is 72°.
  • the cylindrical cavity is a moving passage of the piston rod.
  • the sliding wedge 3 is a cylindrical structure including a wedge-shaped cavity; the wedge-shaped cavity includes two cylindrical wedge-shaped cavities; the upper and lower bottom surfaces of each of the cylindrical wedge-shaped cavities are The circular shape has a diameter of 21.5 mm on the upper bottom surface and a diameter of 28 mm on the lower bottom surface; the upper bottom surfaces of the two cylindrical wedge-shaped cavities are connected to each other; and the cross-sectional diameter of the sliding wedge 3 is 40 mm.
  • the inner friction wedge 6 and the outer friction wedge 5 are respectively embedded in the cylindrical wedge-shaped cavity of the sliding wedge 3, and the gap between the upper bottom surface of the inner friction wedge 6 and the upper surface of the outer friction wedge 5 is 4 mm.
  • the outer surface and the inner surface of the sliding wedge are subjected to rubbing treatment, the outer surface friction coefficient is 0.2, and the inner surface friction coefficient is 0.1.
  • the disc spring 9 is selected according to GB/T1927-2005 "Disc Spring", and the disc spring of the model A35.5-1 is selected.
  • the initial compression of the disc spring is 2mm
  • the maximum allowable displacement is 6mm
  • the initial spring preload is 5.19kN
  • the initial shock force of the shock absorber is 13.86kN.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种针对支柱类电气设备的定心式摩擦减震器，包括：活塞杆（8），以及设有碟形弹簧（9）的缸筒（2）；碟形弹簧（9）的两侧分别连接一个滑动楔块（3），滑动楔块（3）内设有摩擦楔块（5、6）；活塞杆（8）由缸筒（2）外侧向其内侧推进时，挤压摩擦楔块（5、6）和碟形弹簧（9），从而通过摩擦耗能降低电气设备的地震响应。所述的针对支柱类电气设备的定心式摩擦减震器，保证在支柱类电气设备自重作用下，减震器不出现滑动位移；减震效率高；卸载后无残余变形；结构紧凑，便于安装。

Description

一种针对支柱类电气设备的定心式摩擦减震器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电气设备的摩擦减震器，具体涉及一种针对支柱类电气设备的定心式摩擦减震器。
背景技术
作为生命线工程的重要组成部分，电力设备的抗震能力越来越受到人们的重视，为了降低地震给电气设备带来的不利影响，不仅需要良好的工艺布置，而且需要具有良好的抗震/减震性能。在电气设备减震控制系统中，除了需要开发性能良好的减震器之外，减震器的安装布置对减震器发挥其性能也有着重要的影响。为了便于推广应用减震器，在满足减震器自身性能的条件下，需要减震器安装简便且传力明确，使得减震器能够充分发挥其性能以保护电气设备。
变电站内的支柱类电气设备主要包括避雷器、互感器、支柱绝缘子、开关类设备等，因其设备多安装在支架上，重心高，刚度小，自振频率处于地震动卓越频率上，地震易损性较大。由于支柱型电气设备一般由脆性陶瓷材料组成，其自振频率与地震波的卓越频率范围接近，同时支柱型电气设备的支架对地震作用具有放大效应，因此更容易受地震的影响。在现有技术中，经常在支柱型电气设备的支架上安装一定数量的减震器。但是，不同型号的减震器的减震参数各不相同，处于不用区域电气设备的抗震设防烈度也不尽相同，同时当前应用于电气设备的减震器主要存在以下几个方面的问题：
(1)非针对于支柱类电气设备，初始起滑力难以满足支柱类电气设备的要求；
(2)减震器完全卸载后存在残余变形。
综上，需要提出一种针对支柱型电气设备的减震器，以提高减震效果，保证支柱型电气设备正常运行。
发明内容
为了满足现有技术的需要，本发明提供了一种针对支柱类电气设备的定心式摩擦减震器，所述减震器包括活塞杆，以及设有碟形弹簧的缸筒；所述碟形弹簧的两侧分别连接一个滑动楔块，所述滑动楔块内设有摩擦楔块；
所述活塞杆由缸筒外侧向其内侧推进时，挤压所述摩擦楔块和碟形弹簧，从而通过摩擦耗能降低所述电气设备的地震响应。
优选的，所述缸筒一侧嵌入右挡筒，另一侧嵌入左套筒；所述滑动楔块分别设置在碟形弹簧与右挡筒之间，以及碟形弹簧与左套筒之间；所述减震器动作时，活塞杆由所述右挡筒侧向所述左套筒侧移动，以挤压所述滑动楔块和碟形弹簧；
所述缸筒与左套筒连接的一侧敞开，与右挡筒连接的一侧封闭后在其中心开设一个圆孔，用于形成所述活塞杆的移动通道；所述右挡筒的两侧均敞开；
所述左套筒的一侧敞开，另一侧封闭，表面布有螺纹，用于与缸筒内侧的螺纹匹配；
优选的，所述滑动楔块与所述右挡筒之间，以及滑动楔块与所述左套筒之间均设有紧锁螺母；所述紧锁螺母为内壁布有螺纹的圆柱状结构，分别嵌入在所述右挡筒和左套筒内；
所述紧锁螺母的内部腔体为所述活塞杆的移动通道，当活塞栓由右挡筒侧向左套筒侧移动时，通过紧锁螺母压紧所述滑动楔块和碟形弹簧；
优选的，所述活塞杆为表面布有螺纹的圆柱状结构，用于与所述紧锁螺母连接；
优选的，所述左套筒与紧锁螺母之间设有间隙，所述间隙为活塞杆在减震器内的移动间隙；
优选的，所述摩擦楔块包括内摩擦楔块和外摩擦楔块；所述内摩擦楔块与所述碟形弹簧连接；
所述内摩擦楔块为包括柱形腔体的楔形结构，所述楔形结构的上底面和下底面均为圆形；
所述外摩擦楔块为包括柱形腔体的楔形结构，所述楔形结构的上底面和下底面均为圆形；
所述柱形腔体为所述活塞杆的移动通道；
优选的，所述滑动楔块为包括楔形腔体的圆柱状结构；所述楔形腔体包括两个圆柱状楔形腔体；圆柱状楔形腔体的上底面和下底面均为圆形，两个圆柱状楔形腔体的上底面相互连接；
滑动楔块的外表面摩擦系数为0.2，内表面摩擦系数为0.1；
优选的，内摩擦楔块和外摩擦楔块分别嵌入滑动楔块的圆柱状楔形腔体内，内摩擦楔块的上底面与外摩擦楔块上底面之间设有间隙；
优选的，所述碟形弹簧的初始压缩量为2mm，最大允许位移为6mm。
与最接近的现有技术相比，本发明的优异效果是：
1、本发明技术方案中，设有内摩擦楔块和外摩擦楔块的滑动楔块可以限制内摩擦楔块和外摩擦楔块相对位移，从而保证减震器具备足够的减震效率；
2、本发明提供的一种针对支柱类电气设备的定心式摩擦减震器，具备初始起滑力，且可以依据设备的质量调整初始起滑力，保证在支柱类电气设备自重作用下，减震器不出现滑动 位移；减震效率高；卸载后无残余变形；结构紧凑，便于安装。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明进一步说明。
图1：本发明实施例中一种针对支柱类电气设备的定心式摩擦减震器立体图；
图2：本发明实施例中一种针对支柱类电气设备的定心式摩擦减震器剖视图；
图3：图2中滑动楔块剖视图；
图4：图2中滑动楔块俯视图；
图5：图2中外摩擦楔块剖视图；
图6：图2中外摩擦楔块俯视图；
图7：图2中内摩擦楔块剖视图；
图8：图2中内模块楔块俯视图；
其中，1-左套筒；2-缸筒；3-滑动楔块；4-紧锁螺母；5-外摩擦楔块；6-内摩擦楔块；7-右挡筒；8-活塞杆；9-碟形弹簧。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
本发明提供过来一种针对变电站内支柱类电气设备的减震器，在正常使用状态下保证设备与支架固定连接，在地震作用下，通过摩擦耗能，降低设备的地震响应，在地震作用之后减震器无残留变形。
本实施例中减震器包括左套筒1、缸筒2、滑动楔块3、摩擦楔块、紧锁螺母4、右挡筒7、活塞杆8和碟形弹簧9，摩擦楔块包括外摩擦楔块5和内摩擦楔块6。滑动楔块3、紧锁螺母4、外摩擦楔块5和内摩擦楔块6的数量均为2，碟形弹簧的数量为30。
碟形弹簧9设置在缸筒2中，滑动楔块3分别设置在碟形弹簧9的两侧，外摩擦楔块5和内摩擦楔块6分别嵌入在滑动楔块3内部，当活塞杆8由缸筒2外侧向其内侧推进时，挤压摩擦楔块和碟形弹簧9从而通过摩擦耗能降低气设备的地震响应。
本实施例中将减震器组装后，布置在支架上端连接板的下部，通过活塞杆外延部分穿过连接板与设备相连，在正常使用状态下，保证设备与支架固定连接。
1、左套筒1、缸筒2和右挡筒7的连接关系；
①：缸筒2一侧嵌入右挡筒7，另一侧嵌入左套筒1；
减震器动作时，活塞杆8由右挡筒7侧向左套筒1侧移动，以挤压摩擦楔块和碟形弹簧9；
如图1所示，缸筒2的截面外径为56mm，截面内径为40mm，缸筒长度为164mm；缸筒2与左套筒1连接的一侧敞开，内部设有螺纹，该螺纹用于与左套筒1表面设置的螺纹匹配，以将左套筒1嵌入缸筒2内，封闭缸筒2。缸筒2与右挡筒7连接的一侧封闭后在中心开设一个直径为16mm的圆孔，用于形成活塞杆8的移动通道。
右挡筒7的截面外径为40mm，截面内径为28mm，右挡筒长为20mm，两侧均为敞开且20mm的长度全部嵌入在缸筒2内。
左套筒1的截面外径为40mm，截面内径为28mm，左套筒长为34mm，一侧敞开，另一侧封闭，表面布有螺纹，如图1所示左套筒1嵌入缸筒2后仍有8mm留在缸筒2外侧，以完全密封缸筒2。
②：滑动楔块3与右挡筒7之间，以及滑动楔块3与左套筒1之间均设有紧锁螺母4；紧锁螺母4为内壁布有螺纹的圆柱状结构，分别嵌入在右挡筒7和左套筒1内；
如图1所示紧锁螺母4圆柱状结构的截面外径为26mm，截面内径为16mm，长度为10mm；
紧锁螺母4的内部腔体为活塞杆8的移动通道，当活塞杆8由缸筒2外侧向其内侧推进时，通过紧锁螺母4压紧摩擦楔块和碟形弹簧9。
③：活塞杆8是截面直径为16mm的圆柱状结构；该圆柱状结构的表面布有螺纹，用于与紧锁螺母4连接。活塞杆采用45号钢材。
如图1所示，左套筒1与紧锁螺母4之间包括16mm的间隙，该间隙为活塞杆8在减震器内的移动间隙。
④：左套筒1、缸筒2和右挡筒7均采用Q235钢材构成。
2、摩擦楔块；
摩擦楔块包括内摩擦楔块6和外摩擦楔块5；内摩擦楔块6与碟形弹簧9连接；
①：如图7和8所示，内摩擦楔块6为包括柱形腔体的楔形结构，楔形结构的上底面和下底面均为圆形，上底面直径为22.8mm，下底面直径为29.3mm；上底面与下底面之间的宽度为10mm；楔形结构内部的柱形腔体的截面直径为16mm；楔形结构的侧面与下底面之间的夹角为72°。该柱形腔体为活塞杆的移动通道。
②：如图5和6所示，外摩擦楔块5为包括柱形腔体的楔形结构，楔形结构的上底面和下底面均为圆形，上底面直径为22.8mm，下底面直径为28mm；上底面与下底面之间的宽度为8mm；楔形结构内部的柱形腔体的截面直径为16mm；楔形结构的侧面与下底面之间的夹角为72°。该柱形腔体为活塞杆的移动通道。
3、滑动楔块；
如图3和4所示，滑动楔块3为包括楔形腔体的圆柱状结构；该楔形腔体包括两个圆柱状楔形腔体；每个圆柱状楔形腔体的上底面和下底面均为圆形，上底面直径为21.5mm，下底面直径为28mm；两个圆柱状楔形腔体的上底面相互连接；滑动楔块3的截面直径为40mm。
内摩擦楔块6和外摩擦楔块5分别嵌入滑动楔块3的圆柱状楔形腔体内，内摩擦楔块6的上底面与外摩擦楔块5上底面之间的间隙为4mm。
滑动楔块的外表面和内表面均经过摩擦处理，外表面摩擦系数为0.2，内表面摩擦系数为0.1。
4、碟形弹簧；
碟形弹簧9依据GB/T1927-2005《碟形弹簧》，选取型号为A35.5-1的碟形弹簧。碟形弹簧的初始压缩量为2mm，最大允许位移为6mm，初始弹簧预紧力为5.19kN，减震器初始起滑力为13.86kN。
最后应当说明的是：所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种针对支柱类电气设备的定心式摩擦减震器，其特征在于，所述减震器包括活塞杆，以及设有碟形弹簧的缸筒；所述碟形弹簧的两侧分别连接一个滑动楔块，所述滑动楔块内设有摩擦楔块；
    所述活塞杆由缸筒外侧向其内侧推进时，挤压所述摩擦楔块和碟形弹簧，从而通过摩擦耗能降低所述电气设备的地震响应。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的减震器，其特征在于，所述缸筒一侧嵌入右挡筒，另一侧嵌入左套筒；所述滑动楔块分别设置在碟形弹簧与右挡筒之间，以及碟形弹簧与左套筒之间；所述减震器动作时，活塞杆由所述右挡筒侧向所述左套筒侧移动，以挤压所述滑动楔块和碟形弹簧；
    所述缸筒与左套筒连接的一侧敞开，与右挡筒连接的一侧封闭后在其中心开设一个圆孔，用于形成所述活塞杆的移动通道；所述右挡筒的两侧均敞开；
    所述左套筒的一侧敞开，另一侧封闭，表面布有螺纹，用于与缸筒内侧的螺纹匹配。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的减震器，其特征在于，所述滑动楔块与所述右挡筒之间，以及滑动楔块与所述左套筒之间均设有紧锁螺母；所述紧锁螺母为内壁布有螺纹的圆柱状结构，分别嵌入在所述右挡筒和左套筒内；
    所述紧锁螺母的内部腔体为所述活塞杆的移动通道，当活塞栓由右挡筒侧向左套筒侧移动时，通过紧锁螺母压紧所述滑动楔块和碟形弹簧。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的减震器，其特征在于，所述活塞杆为表面布有螺纹的圆柱状结构，用于与所述紧锁螺母连接。
  5. 如权利要求2或3所述的减震器，其特征在于，所述左套筒与紧锁螺母之间设有间隙，所述间隙为活塞杆在减震器内的移动间隙。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的减震器，其特征在于，所述摩擦楔块包括内摩擦楔块和外摩擦楔块；所述内摩擦楔块与所述碟形弹簧连接；
    所述内摩擦楔块为包括柱形腔体的楔形结构，所述楔形结构的上底面和下底面均为圆形；
    所述外摩擦楔块为包括柱形腔体的楔形结构，所述楔形结构的上底面和下底面均为圆形；
    所述柱形腔体为所述活塞杆的移动通道。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的减震器，其特征在于，所述滑动楔块为包括楔形腔体的圆柱状结构；所述楔形腔体包括两个圆柱状楔形腔体；圆柱状楔形腔体的上底面和下底面均为圆形，两个圆柱状楔形腔体的上底面相互连接；
    滑动楔块的外表面摩擦系数为0.2，内表面摩擦系数为0.1。
  8. 如权利要求6或7所述的减震器，其特征在于，内摩擦楔块和外摩擦楔块分别嵌入滑动楔块的圆柱状楔形腔体内，内摩擦楔块的上底面与外摩擦楔块上底面之间设有间隙。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的减震器，其特征在于，所述碟形弹簧的初始压缩量为2mm，最大允许位移为6mm。
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