WO2016082002A1 - Trépan - Google Patents

Trépan Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016082002A1
WO2016082002A1 PCT/AU2015/050746 AU2015050746W WO2016082002A1 WO 2016082002 A1 WO2016082002 A1 WO 2016082002A1 AU 2015050746 W AU2015050746 W AU 2015050746W WO 2016082002 A1 WO2016082002 A1 WO 2016082002A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drill bit
main body
body portion
legs
bit according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2015/050746
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David HANNS
Original Assignee
Hanns David
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2014904792A external-priority patent/AU2014904792A0/en
Application filed by Hanns David filed Critical Hanns David
Priority to AU2015354408A priority Critical patent/AU2015354408B2/en
Publication of WO2016082002A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016082002A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/08—Roller bits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/08—Roller bits
    • E21B10/18—Roller bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drill bit, and particularly to a tri cone drill bit.
  • a typical tri cone drill bit which includes a main body portion with a generally cylindrical outer surface which includes a threaded portion (not shown) by which the drill bit is connected to the end of a drill string (not shown).
  • Extending from the main body 2 in an axial downward direction are three legs equally spaced about a central longitudinal axis of the main body portion.
  • the three legs are connected to three conical cutter elements which are able to rotate relative to the legs which are fixed with respect to the main body portion.
  • the conical cutting elements are typically provided with several rows of teeth. Inspection of drill bits during operational life has consistently shown that the flow of air and fragmented material must take a specific path in order to exit from under and then around the bit.
  • the present invention provides a drill bit including a main body portion including three legs extending therefrom, the three legs arranged around a periphery of the main body portion; a conical cutter rotatably mounted on each leg, the conical cutters positioned to allow a clearance between the conical cutter and the main body portion; a protrusion extending from the main body portion into the clearance, wherein the protrusion encourages drill cuttings away from a base region of the main body portion where the legs meet the main body portion.
  • the protrusion forms an apex substantially equidistant to the three legs.
  • the protrusion includes a sloping surface between the apex and a base region of the main body portion.
  • the sloping surface continues through the base region of the main body portion, emerging at an outer surface of the main body portion.
  • the protrusion includes a plurality of sloping faces converging at the apex.
  • the sloping faces are convex, defining a ridge between the sloping faces.
  • the drill bit further includes one or more air outlets located on the base region of the main body portion and configured to direct air substantially toward the conical cutters.
  • the one or more air outlets are elongated with a long axis in the direction radial to the longitudinal axis of the main body portion.
  • the air outlets are located at the periphery of the base region of the main body portion, between the region occupied by the legs.
  • the legs and one or more air outlets are positioned within the ridges, the sloping face then forming channels for drill cuttings to flow therethrough, the channels originating from the apex, passing between the legs and one or more air outlets, and continuing through to the outside surface of the main body portion.
  • the air outlets are in the form of nozzels.
  • the apex of the protrusion is approximately level with the bottom of the cutting cones.
  • the legs are configured to twist around the main body portion.
  • the air outlet is integrated into the legs, and wherein the legs twist away from the integrated air outlet thus locating the air outlet substantially between the cutting cones.
  • the cutting cone is configured with teeth at the tip of the cutting cone.
  • Figure 1 is a view of a prior art tri cone drill bit
  • Figure 2 is a view of a tri cone drill bit in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is an alternative view of a tri cone bit in accordance with the present invention, shown in a rendered presentation;
  • Figure 4 is a plan view in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is an alternate section view in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a view of an alternative embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a view of another alternative view of the present invention.
  • a typical tri-cone drill bit is shown in Figure 1.
  • This drill bit 1 may be coupled with a drill string (not shown).
  • the drill bit has a main body portion 2, from which three legs 3 extend in a direction substantially co-linear with the main body portion 2 and the attached drill string.
  • the legs 3 are positioned at even intervals around the periphery of the drill bit, and are each adapted to mount a conical cutter 4.
  • the conical cutters 4 are each configured to rotate around an axis of rotation.
  • the conical cutters 4 will generally have teeth or an abrasive surface such that the three rotating cones form a drill face, cutting or grinding through material placed in contact thereof.
  • Material removed by the conical cutters 4 referred to as drill cuttings or cuttings, is substantially drawn towards a base region 5 of the main body portion 2, through the rotating action of the cutters 4 and the advance of the drill bit into the hole being drilled .
  • the base region 5 of the main body portion 2 is located in the general region where the legs 3 meet the main body portion 2.
  • Drill cuttings that are not drawn away from the base region 5 may accumulate in the hole being drilled an in the general vicinity of the drill bit. This accumulation of material can lead to the regrinding of the material, which lowers the productivity of drilling, and leads to additional abrasive wear of the drill bit. Removal of drill cuttings away from the conical cutters 4 and more generally, away from the base region 5, is critical to the drilling efficiency and operational life of the drill bit 1.
  • the drill bit 1 includes one or more air outlets 6.
  • the air outlets are configured to blast high pressure air into the hole being drilled. This air dislodges and removes drill cuttings from in front of the drill face for reasons already described.
  • the air outlets 6 are generally located at the periphery of the main body portion 2, between the legs 3. In certain embodiments, the air outlets 6 are located adjacent or substantially adjacent to the legs 3, whereas in the embodiment of Figure 1, they are equidistant to the legs.
  • Re-grinding causes significant additional wear on the drill bit and also lowers drilling efficiency due to additional energy expenditure as cuttings are re-ground into smaller and smaller sizes.
  • the additional wear and loss of efficiency caused by re-grinding results in limitations on the drill speed (penetration rates), higher air back pressure and reduced air flow, and significant amounts of dust. Consequently, there is a long felt need to remove cuttings as larger pieces with as little re-grinding as possible.
  • the present invention seeks to improve the removal rate of drill cuttings, both from the hole being drilled and from the drill bit in order to increase productivity of drilling and reduce abrasive wear on the drill bit.
  • Figure 2 shows a certain embodiment of a tri cone drill bit 7 according to the present invention .
  • the base region 5 is adapted to include a protrusion 8.
  • This protrusion 8 is configured to extend from the base region 5 into the clearance, or space, between the base region 5 and the cutting cones 4.
  • the protrusion 8 will converge substantially to an apex 9.
  • this apex 9 is sharply defined, but in other embodiments, apex 9 may be blunt, or less defined .
  • the protrusion 8 and the apex 9 are symmetrically arranged on the base region 5 of the main body portion 2. Such a configuration includes the apex 9 being positioned substantially equidistant from each of the legs 3 and the cones 4. Also, in such a configuration, the apex 9 is centred underneath the meeting point of the three cones 4.
  • the protrusion 8 of the drill bit 7 is also advantageous when drilling in soft boggy ground. As is the case with particulate cuttings, the protrusion 8 guides the soft ground and cuttings away from the base region 5 more efficiently than the flat base region of the prior art drill bit 1. This will decrease instances of the drill bit becoming plugged by soft material, which can lead to the drill bit becoming bogged in the hole.
  • the protrusion 8 of the embodiment showing in Figure 2 is formed from a plurality of sloping faces converging at the apex 9.
  • each sloping face is concave, resulting in ridges 10 being formed between adjacent sloping faces 11.
  • These ridges 10 have been arranged in such a manner as to define clear channels 12 in the protrusion 8. These channels offer a path for cuttings to pass unobstructed past obstacles such as the legs 3 and air outlets 15. This effect is further enhanced by smoothly moulding the legs 3 and air outlets 15 into the ridges 10.
  • the elevated air velocity through the channels 12 will allow for larger particles to be removed from the drill site, greatly reducing the occurrence of re-grinding.
  • the flow path provided by the defined channels 12 allows for a more orderly airflow pattern in the vicinity of the drill site. This will minimise air flow disruptions experience in prior art drill bits 1 such as vortexing, and turbulence which greatly reduce the flow of cuttings out of the hole, leading to re-grinding.
  • the reduction in regrinding due to the present invention may also reduce abrasive wear to the shirt tails 16 of the bit 7. These shirt tails 16 protect the bearings 17 of the rotating cones. When sealed bearings are used, excessive shirt tail 16 wear causes the bearings 17 to become exposed and leak lubricating fluid, leading to drill failure. As sealed bearings are generally preferred to normal air bearings in mining and oil field applications, the present invention may lead to productivity gains in these industries. However, the present invention is suitable and advantageous for use with open air bearings with rollers as well as sealed journal or roller bearings. The quick removal of drill cuttings by preserving their velocity and kinetic energy and other debris from the hole being drilled is a key factor in drill productivity and reduced production costs.
  • the exit point of the air outlet 6 are positioned between legs 3 at a distance substantially equidistant to each leg. This arrangement results in the air outlet occupying approximately 1/3 of the space available between the legs. A large portion of the drill cuttings attempting to exit from the base region 5 of the main body portion 2, may become entrained in the high pressure air emanating from the air outlet 6. A portion of this entrained material will be re-blasted into the hole being drilled instead of being removed, leading to the regrinding of cuttings.
  • the air outlets 15 can be shaped to occupy a smaller portion of the path available to drill cuttings to flow away from the drill bit.
  • the air outlet can elongated 15 with a long axis orientated in a direction substantially radial to the longitudinal axis of the main body portion.
  • the air outlet 15 can be positioned closer to the legs 3 of the drill bit 7. Such an arrangement reduces the resistance to drill cuttings exiting the base region of the drill bit, and reduces the regrinding of material returned to the drill hole by entrainment in blast air.
  • the elongated air outlet 15 is positioned within a ridge 10 of the protrusion 8. Otherwise stated, the air outlet 15 is positioned outside of a channel 12, formed for the conveyance of drill cuttings and debris away from the drill bit 7. This arrangement completely removes the air outlet 15 from the path of cuttings flowing away from the drill bit 7 by way of the channel 12.
  • the cutting cones 4 can be configured with additional cutting teeth at the portion of the cone furthest from the legs. This will reduce instances of coring which can lead to uneven drilling at the centre portion of the hole where the individual drill cones meet.
  • the drill bit 7 may actually have less available area for cuttings to be removed when compared to the prior art bit 1, which is contrary to conventional wisdom in drill design.
  • this configuration leads to faster and more developed air-flow within the channels 12 allowing for larger particles to be removed from the drill site with greater efficiency and less regrinding.
  • the formation of ridges 10 in order to define the channels 12 in the protrusion 8 allows the air outlets 15 to be placed in a position where they do not obstruct the flow of particles.
  • the placement of air outlets 15 within the path of cuttings is a major drawback of prior art bits 1, which results in the air blasting of cuttings back into the hole.
  • FIG. 7 An alternative embodiment is shown in Figure 7.
  • the drill bit 7 is configured with legs 3 that are twisted around the main body portion 2.
  • the twist is configured towards the direction of rotation.
  • This embodiment also involves the channels 12 being configured with a twist between the apex 9 of the protrusion 8 and the space between the legs 3.
  • the air outlet 15 is integrated with the twisted leg 3, which positions the air outlet 15 outside of the flow path defined by the channels 12.
  • the twist of the legs 3 angle the cutting cones 4 away from the air outlet 15.
  • the ability of the twisted legs 3 to be offset from the integrated air outlets 15 allows the air outlets to be located away from a central region of the cutting cones, such as in the embodiment of Figure 7 where the air outlets 15 are positioned between the cones, where obstruction to air flow may be reduced.
  • FIG. 8 depicts a similar embodiment to Figure 7, with a modified leg design.
  • the air outlet in the present invention may be a simple aperture, as represented in Figure 2, or a nozzle, is desired for the drilling application.
  • the present invention can be utilised in the field of open cut mine drilling and underground drilling, and in particular applications such as mining, water well drilling, well and ore sample drilling, exploration drilling, oil and gas drilling and tunnelling.

Abstract

Trépan comprenant une partie corps principal comprenant trois pieds s'étendant à partir de celle-ci, les trois pieds étant agencés autour d'une périphérie de la partie corps principal. Un élément coupant conique est monté rotatif sur chaque pied, où les éléments coupants coniques sont positionnés de façon à permettre un dégagement entre l'élément coupant conique et la partie corps principal. Une saillie s'étend depuis la partie corps principal dans le dégagement, la saillie encourageant l'éloignement des déblais de forage loin d'une région de base de la partie corps principal où les pieds rencontrent la partie corps principal.
PCT/AU2015/050746 2014-11-26 2015-11-26 Trépan WO2016082002A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2015354408A AU2015354408B2 (en) 2014-11-26 2015-11-26 Drill bit

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2014904792A AU2014904792A0 (en) 2014-11-26 Drill bit
AU2014904792 2014-11-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016082002A1 true WO2016082002A1 (fr) 2016-06-02

Family

ID=56073229

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU2015/050746 WO2016082002A1 (fr) 2014-11-26 2015-11-26 Trépan

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2015354408B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016082002A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4189014A (en) * 1978-08-14 1980-02-19 Smith International, Inc. Enhanced cross-flow with two jet drilling
US5562171A (en) * 1994-05-04 1996-10-08 Baker Hughes Incorporated Anti-balling drill bit
RU2222683C2 (ru) * 2002-04-19 2004-01-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Волгабурмаш" Буровое шарошечное долото

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5289889A (en) * 1993-01-21 1994-03-01 Marvin Gearhart Roller cone core bit with spiral stabilizers
US6688410B1 (en) * 2000-06-07 2004-02-10 Smith International, Inc. Hydro-lifter rock bit with PDC inserts

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4189014A (en) * 1978-08-14 1980-02-19 Smith International, Inc. Enhanced cross-flow with two jet drilling
US5562171A (en) * 1994-05-04 1996-10-08 Baker Hughes Incorporated Anti-balling drill bit
RU2222683C2 (ru) * 2002-04-19 2004-01-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Волгабурмаш" Буровое шарошечное долото

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2015354408B2 (en) 2021-05-20
AU2015354408A1 (en) 2017-05-25

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