WO2016075797A1

WO2016075797A1 - Battery system

Info

Publication number: WO2016075797A1
Application number: PCT/JP2014/080133
Authority: WO
Inventors: 修子山内; 孝徳山添
Original assignee: 株式会社日立製作所
Priority date: 2014-11-14
Filing date: 2014-11-14
Publication date: 2016-05-19

Abstract

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a battery system, wherein power consumption of an electric circuit is suppressed, said electric circuit becoming an additional component when a storage battery is in a stand-by state, and charge/discharge efficiency is high. This battery system is characterized in that: a first storage battery group wherein a plurality of storage batteries are connected in series and/or parallel, a second storage battery connected to the high potential side of the storage battery group via a switch, and a battery management device that manages the battery state of the storage battery group are integrated with a housing; the battery management device is supplied with power from the second storage battery; and the second storage battery is supplementarily charged by closing the switch.

Description

Battery system

The present invention relates to a chargeable / dischargeable battery system.

Currently, global environmental problems have been greatly highlighted, and in order to prevent global warming, reduction of carbon dioxide emissions is required in all situations. As for gasoline engine cars, which are a major source of carbon dioxide, alternatives to hybrid electric cars and electric cars have begun.

Large secondary batteries represented by power sources for hybrid electric vehicles and electric vehicles need to have high output and large capacity. Therefore, a plurality of battery cells are connected in series in the storage battery module that composes them. Connected and configured.

In response to the recent shutdown of nuclear power plants, attention has been focused on the use of power generated by natural energy and other than that generated by power companies. For example, even with wind power as an example, the generation of electricity using natural energy does not keep the wind blowing constantly, and the amount of power generation varies greatly. Also, it is well known that the amount of power generation varies depending on the weather in solar power generation. This power can cause voltage fluctuations in the power system. In order to supply stable quality power, it is necessary to mitigate fluctuations in the voltage of the power system, and a storage battery system is used to mitigate the fluctuations.

Lithium ion batteries, which are secondary batteries used in these storage battery systems, require appropriate use of secondary batteries, such as prevention of high-voltage charging and deterioration of performance due to overdischarge. For this reason, the storage battery module mounted in the storage battery system has a function of detecting voltage, current, temperature, and the like, which are battery states. FIG. 8 shows a configuration of a battery system 100 mounted on a typical hybrid electric vehicle or electric vehicle. As shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of battery cells (storage battery group 2) are connected to a battery cell management device (cell controller) 2a, and the battery cell management device (cell controller) 2a detects the states of the plurality of battery cells. . A plurality of battery cell management devices (cell controllers) 2a are connected to a battery management device (battery controller) 4, and the battery management devices (battery controller) 4 are connected to a plurality of battery cell management devices (cell controllers) 2a. Get battery cell status. Further, the battery management device (battery controller) 4 calculates the battery capacity (SOC: State? Of Charge) and the battery deterioration state (SOH: State? Of? Health) from the acquired states of the plurality of battery cells, and calculates them to the host controller 500 or the like. It becomes a mechanism to notify the result.

This battery management device (battery controller) 4 requires power supply in order for the circuit to operate. In general, power is supplied from an external power source to a place different from the unit in which a plurality of battery cells (storage battery group 2) are combined. Then, it communicates with a battery cell management device (cell controller) 2a of a plurality of battery cells (storage battery group 2), and performs state detection and the like.

Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a battery cell management device (cell controller) that monitors a plurality of batteries communicates with one battery management device, and the battery management device uses a 12V lead battery as an external power source. .

Usually, a battery module contains a plurality of battery cell groups and a battery cell management device (cell controller). However, the battery management device (battery controller) is not integrated into the module, and the battery management device (battery controller) must be activated to check the state of the battery cell group (storage battery group 2). The state of the internal SOC of the battery and the deterioration state are unknown.

On the other hand, regarding the voltage of the battery module, only the voltage between the terminals of the battery cell group can be detected by connecting a voltage detector to the power line. However, the internal SOC and the deterioration state of the battery are unknown only by that. Therefore, if the battery module is removed from the system and separated from the battery management device, or if there is no external power supply to the battery management device that requires external power supply, the status cannot be detected and the battery health is confirmed. There is a problem that cannot be done.

In order to solve this problem, a method of placing a plurality of assembled batteries and a battery management device in one system and supplying power from the assembled battery to the battery management device is conceivable.

Patent Document 2 discloses a technology in which a power supply circuit that feeds power from the top and bottom of a storage battery is built in and used as a power source for a battery management device.

JP 2012-50272 A JP 2013-102657 A

However, in the battery system described in Patent Document 2, the battery capacity that should originally be used for power storage is consumed by the power consumption of the power management device, which affects the efficiency of the entire system. Alternatively, if the battery is not charged for a long time when the system is stopped, the internal capacity of the storage battery is consumed by the standby current of the circuit. Therefore, the starting voltage of the power supply circuit itself cannot be secured, and not only the state detection but also the battery itself May also become unusable.

Also, especially in a large-capacity battery system, there are many wirings in multi-series, and the number of man-hours for connection and the amount of wiring become enormous, which may increase the risk of incorrect wiring. Furthermore, if external power supply is essential for the controller, there is also a problem that the configuration of the battery cannot be freely changed. Furthermore, since the scale is large, when the storage battery is partially exchanged, there is a concern that the information of the battery management device and the information of the storage battery are divided and the control becomes unstable.

In order to solve the above problems, a battery module according to the present invention includes a storage battery group in which a plurality of first storage batteries are connected in series, and a second storage battery connected to a high potential side of the storage battery group via a switch. And a battery management device that manages the battery state of the storage battery group are integrated with the housing, the battery management device is supplied with power from the second storage battery, and the second storage battery is supplemented by closing the switch. It is characterized by that.

Furthermore, a rectifying element and a step-down circuit are connected to the second storage battery so as not to flow backward from the highest voltage of the storage battery group via a switch. When the second storage battery is used as the power source for the battery management device and the voltage of the second storage battery drops, the battery management device outputs a signal to close the switch and forms a charging path to supplement the second storage battery. Charge.

In the battery system composed of a single battery cell or a plurality of battery cells according to the present invention, the storage battery can be easily replaced, and a highly versatile battery system applicable to various applications can be realized.

In addition, the power consumption of the electric circuit, which is an additional part during standby of the storage battery, is suppressed, and a battery system with high charge / discharge efficiency becomes possible. Even when there is no external power supply, the state of the storage battery can be detected, and wiring from the external power supply can be eliminated. As a result, the number of wires is reduced and assembly of a large-scale system is facilitated.

Furthermore, even when the system is stopped for a long period of time, it is possible to detect the state with a single power storage module without supplying power to the entire system, and replacement and reuse become easy.

Integrating control, improving control stability and supplying a stable battery system

1 is a basic configuration diagram of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram of the battery system by one Example of this invention. It is a block diagram of the battery system by one Example of this invention. 1 is a configuration diagram when wireless communication is applied in a battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the radio | wireless communications system of the electric system by one Example of this invention. 1 is a configuration diagram when wireless communication is applied in a battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. It is a block diagram of the battery system by one Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the electric system containing the battery system of this invention.

Hereinafter, examples will be described with reference to the drawings.

<Example 1>
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention. Inside the battery unit housing 1 is a storage battery group 3 in which a plurality of battery cells or storage batteries 2 are connected in series, a battery management device (battery controller) 4 for detecting and calculating the state of the storage battery group 3, and a power source for the battery management device 4. A second storage battery 5 is provided. In this embodiment, a plurality of storage battery groups 3 are connected in parallel. Of course, the number of storage battery groups 3 in parallel is not limited, and a system composed of one storage battery group 3 may be used.

The first storage battery 2 is connected to a battery cell management device (cell controller) 2a that detects and communicates the voltage, temperature, current, and other information of each storage battery 2. The battery cell management device (cell controller) 2a is configured to operate with the storage battery 2 monitored by each as a power source. The storage battery group 3 is connected to the second storage battery 5 via the switch 7 through the rectifier diode 8 and the voltage adjustment circuit 6 at the uppermost position. The battery management device 4 operates using the storage battery 5 as a power source.

In addition, since the voltage of the storage battery 5 becomes a power supply of the board | substrate of the battery management apparatus 4, it should just be about 3 to 5V. Therefore, since the storage battery 5 can operate when the electromotive force of the unit cell is about 1.5 V to 3 V, it may be constituted by a storage battery having 1 or 2 in series if it is a lithium battery. Assuming that the current consumption of the battery management device 4 is X ₁ (A) during operation and X ₂ (A) during standby, the capacity Q _n (Ah) of the storage battery 5 depends on the current consumption during operation. ), And waiting time t2 (h), the following equation should be satisfied,
The battery management device 4 with low current consumption can be made smaller than the storage battery 5.

Q _n ≧ X ₁ × t ₁ + X ₂ × t ₂ (Equation 1)

Temporarily, in the case of a battery management device of 50 mA at the time of operation and 10 μA at the time of standby, if it is operated for 24 hours, an electric quantity of 1.2 Ah is sufficient. The amount of electricity required for one year of standby is 0.088 Ah. Assuming that the battery is not always fully charged, 2.4 Ah is sufficient even when a battery with twice the capacity is loaded. Some 18650 batteries have a large capacity from 2 Ah to about 3.5 Ah. If it is a high-capacity lithium ion battery, it can operate with one 18650 battery. The 18650 battery has a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 18 mm and a length of 65 mm, and is sufficiently smaller than the volume of the storage battery group 3 of the large capacity battery system 100. In an example of a 12V 2.3 Ah lead battery, the size is about 180 mm × 35 mm × 60 mm and the weight is 2 kg. Both can be used, but a more compact battery system 100 can be realized by using a lithium ion battery.

The switch 7 connected to the storage battery group 3 also detects the state of the second storage battery 5 in addition to the detection of the state of the storage battery group 3 from the information such as the voltage and the amount of electricity of the second storage battery 5 in the battery management device 4. When the remaining capacity of the second storage battery 5 decreases, a command to close the switch is issued and supplementary charging is performed until full charge. Since storage battery group 3 is charged or discharged by a load (for example, motor 300 in FIG. 8), rectifier diode 8 is inserted so that current does not flow backward from second storage battery 5 to storage battery group 3 when storage battery group 3 is discharged. . The voltage adjustment circuit 6 adjusts the voltage as necessary. The voltage adjustment circuit 6 may be a DC / DC converter or simply a step-down circuit. The rectifier diode 8 can be omitted when the voltage adjustment circuit 6 is configured such that no reverse current flows.

The state detection of the 2nd storage battery 5 may connect the battery cell management apparatus (equivalent to 2a of the storage battery 2) which is not illustrated, may communicate required information, and without a battery cell management apparatus (cell controller) It is also possible to calculate the remaining amount from the information on the current and voltage entering the battery management device 4.

The battery management device 4 uses the power of the second storage battery 5 by the control signal input from the host system or outside the battery management device, and performs each operation of startup, operation calculation, and standby.

By connecting to the uppermost side of the storage battery group 3 and separately providing a reference voltage on the low potential side of the second storage battery 5 and a reference voltage on the low potential side of the storage battery group 3, as disclosed in Patent Document 2 The power supply circuit of the battery management device 4 can be created with an element having a smaller withstand voltage than the power supply circuit. Since the required current of the 2nd storage battery 5 is small, the influence on the charging / discharging efficiency to the storage battery group 3 charged / discharged can be made small.

Further, in the present invention, the storage battery group 3 in which a plurality of storage batteries 2 are connected in series and the switch 7 and the switch 7 that are connected to the high potential side of the storage battery group 3 and connected in parallel to the storage battery group 3 are directly connected. The rectifier diode 8, the voltage conversion circuit 6 connected in series with the rectifier diode 8, the second storage battery 5 connected in series with the voltage conversion circuit 6, and the battery management device 4 are arranged inside one casing. With such a structure, it is easy to assemble the battery system 100 with a battery state detection function, and battery replacement and the like are simplified. In addition, the battery group 3, the switch 7, the rectifier diode 8, the voltage conversion circuit 6, the second storage battery 5, and the battery management device 4 can be handled as a battery module and can be handled as a battery module. In addition, the soundness of the battery such as the remaining amount detection and the presence or absence of battery abnormality can be confirmed by inputting an external signal to the battery management device 4.

The charging of the second storage battery 5 is performed when the storage battery group 3 is charged during system operation.

When the system is not operating, when the battery management device 4 is activated by the second storage battery 5 in order to detect the battery state of the battery module alone, the second storage battery 5 is being detected during the state detection. When the remaining amount of the battery has fallen and the threshold value that requires charging is reached, the switch 7 is closed and the second storage battery 5 for power supply can be charged using the energy stored in the storage battery group 3. Is possible. By doing so, even when the battery capacity of the second storage battery 5 is small, it is possible to activate the battery management device 4 and know the state of the storage battery without any external power supply. Since the operation time of the battery management device 4 is short because only the state is confirmed, the power consumption of the storage battery group 3 becomes small, so that it can be used while suppressing the influence on the capacity reduction of the storage battery group 3.

The battery module unit housing 1 has an input port (not shown) as an external signal input unit that is input from a host system controller or the like as an external input for starting the battery management device 4. The activation of the battery management device 4 can be easily activated and terminated by providing a switch such as a push button for activation and termination of the battery management device 4 on the external signal input unit or the housing 1.

The internal state of the battery may be displayed on a visible display such as a laptop computer, or preferably on a liquid crystal or LED display screen provided on the outer surface of the housing, so that information can be obtained more easily. Efficiency during work can be improved.

As above, the invention according to the first embodiment is briefly summarized.

The battery system 100 according to the present embodiment includes a storage battery group 3 in which a plurality of first storage batteries 2 are connected in series and / or in parallel, and a high potential side of the storage battery group 3 connected via a switch 7. Storage battery 5 and a battery management device 4 that manages the battery state of the storage battery group 3 are integrated with the housing. The battery management device 4 is fed from the second storage battery 5, and the second storage battery 5 is The supplementary charging is performed by closing the switch 7. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to suppress that the battery capacity that should originally be used for power storage is consumed due to the power consumption of the power management device, leading to a reduction in the efficiency of the entire system. Even when the system is not charged for a long time when the system is stopped, the internal capacity of the first storage battery 2 is not consumed by the standby current of the circuit, and it is impossible to secure the starting voltage of the power supply circuit itself, The possibility that the battery cannot be used or the battery itself cannot be used can be eliminated.

The battery system 100 according to the present embodiment is characterized in that the switch 7 is controlled to be opened and closed by the battery management device 4. By adopting such a configuration, even when the battery capacity of the second storage battery 5 is small, it is possible to reliably know the state of the first storage battery 2 even when there is no external power supply. Moreover, since this operation is only a confirmation of the state, the operation time of the battery management device 4 is short, and the power consumption of the storage battery group 3 is small. Therefore, the battery management apparatus 4 is used while suppressing the influence on the capacity reduction of the storage battery group 3. be able to.

In addition, the battery system 100 according to the present embodiment is characterized by having a rectifier diode 8 and a voltage adjustment circuit 6 connected to the second storage battery 5 between the switch 7 and the second storage battery 5. With such a configuration, it is easy to assemble the battery system 100 with a battery state detection function, and battery replacement and the like are simplified.

<Example 2>
Next, a second embodiment will be described. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the storage battery group 3 takes the smallest form. In addition, about the structure similar to a 1st Example by the structure other than that, it demonstrated using the drawing number used in the 1st Example.

FIG. 2 shows the battery system 100 of this embodiment. The battery system 100 of the present embodiment includes one large-capacity storage battery 2, a storage battery group 33 in which the battery cell management device 2a is integrated, and a rectifier diode at the upper level via the switch 7 as in the first embodiment. 8. It is configured to be connected to the storage battery 5 via the voltage adjustment circuit 6 and is housed in the housing 1 to constitute the battery system 100. The merit of the present embodiment is that the difference in electromotive force between the first storage battery 2 and the second storage battery 5 is reduced, so that the rectifier diode 8 and the voltage adjustment circuit 6 can be made smaller, and the size can be reduced. It is a point that contributes to. Further, the reference potential on the low potential side of the second storage battery 5 and the battery management device 4 can be shared with the low potential side of the first storage battery 2, and can be replaced or transported when the battery system 100 is configured. Handling becomes easier.

As above, the invention according to the second embodiment is briefly summarized. By using this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the first embodiment.

The battery system 100 according to the present embodiment includes the first storage battery 2, the second storage battery 5 connected to the high potential side of the first storage battery 2 via the switch 7, and the first storage battery 2. The battery management device 4 that manages the battery state is integrated with the housing, the battery management device 4 is supplied with power from the second storage battery 5, and the second storage battery 5 is supplemented by closing the switch 7. It is characterized by that. With this configuration, the storage battery group 3 can be configured with a minimum number of storage batteries, and accordingly, the rectifier diode 8 and the voltage adjustment circuit 6 can be made smaller. Therefore, the battery system 100 as a whole can be downsized.

Further, the battery system 100 according to the present embodiment is characterized in that the reference potential of the first storage battery and the reference battery of the second storage battery are common. As described above, since the electromotive force is small in the first storage battery 2 alone and the electromotive force difference from the second storage battery 5 is small, the reference potential can be shared. By sharing the reference potential, handling is facilitated by replacement or transportation when the battery system 100 is configured.

<Example 3>
Next, a third embodiment will be described. The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that each battery cell management device 2a has an antenna 50 so that cell-related information can be exchanged by wireless communication. In addition, about the structure similar to a 1st Example by the structure other than that, it demonstrated using the drawing number used in the 1st Example.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a third embodiment, in which each battery cell management device 2a has an antenna. By adopting such a configuration, information communication regarding the cell can be performed using wireless communication. The merit of the present invention is that by making the battery cell management device 2a wireless, unnecessary wiring is eliminated and the battery system 100 can be reduced in size. The wireless communication will be described later with reference to FIG.

In this embodiment, the switch 7, the rectifier diode 8, and the voltage adjustment circuit 6 are arranged outside the housing while being integrated with the housing 1. By adopting such a configuration, in addition to downsizing the battery cell management device 2a by wireless, the switch 7, the rectifier diode 8, and the voltage adjustment circuit 6 can be arranged outside the housing, so that the battery system 100 can be further reduced in size. Leading to In particular, a high voltage may be applied to the switch 7, and depending on the voltage of the battery system 100, the shape of the switch 7 becomes large. In addition, the switch 7, the rectifier diode 8, and the voltage adjustment circuit 6 are arranged outside the housing, so that they can be easily replaced in the event of a malfunction.

Although described above, the switch 7, the rectifier diode 8, and the voltage adjustment circuit 6 are outside the casing 1 of the battery system 100, but by being integrated, transportation and management are facilitated.

The above is a summary of the invention according to the third embodiment. By using this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the first embodiment.

The battery system 100 according to the present embodiment is characterized in that the storage battery group 3 includes a battery cell management device 2a corresponding to the first storage battery 2, and the battery cell management device 2a includes an antenna 50 that performs wireless communication. . With such a configuration, the battery cell management device 2a can be made wireless, and unnecessary wiring is eliminated, so that the battery system 100 can be downsized.

In addition, the battery system 100 according to the present embodiment is characterized in that the switch 7, the rectifier diode 8, and the voltage adjustment circuit 6 are integrated with the casing 1 and arranged outside the casing 1. By adopting such a structure, the switch 7, the rectifier diode 8, and the voltage adjustment circuit 6 can be arranged outside the housing, which leads to further downsizing of the battery module. Furthermore, the switch 7, the rectifier diode 8, and the voltage adjustment circuit 6 are arranged outside the housing 1, so that they can be easily replaced in the event of a malfunction.

<Example 4>
Next, a fourth embodiment will be described. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the battery cell management device 2a has an antenna 50 and the battery management device 4 has an antenna 250 so that information about the cell can be exchanged by wireless communication. This is the point. In addition, about the structure similar to a 1st Example by the structure other than that, it demonstrated using the drawing number used in the 1st Example.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment. In the present embodiment, the battery cell management device 2a and the battery management device 4 have an antenna 250, and each is configured to be able to communicate information by wireless communication. With such a configuration, it is possible to omit the signal wiring inside the casing 1 of the battery module, and it is possible to reduce the size and size of the casing by reducing the wiring. .

Although not shown in FIG. 4, the wireless communication distance can be further shortened by integrating the battery cell management device 2a and the battery management device 4 in the housing. By shortening the wireless communication distance in this way, highly reliable communication is ensured, and a design that suppresses the current consumption of the wireless transmission circuit becomes possible.

FIG. 5 shows a configuration of a battery system 100 using the battery management device 4 and the battery cell management device 2a.

In FIG. 5, the battery management device 4 performs radio communication with each battery cell management device 2 a via the antenna 250. By this wireless communication, the battery management device 4 can request each battery cell management device 2a for measurement information, cell balancing, and the like of each battery cell of the corresponding storage battery 2. In response to a request from the battery management device 4, each battery cell management device 2 a transmits measurement information of each battery cell of the corresponding storage battery 2 to the battery management device 4 or performs cell balancing.
FIG. 6 is a basic configuration diagram of wireless communication of the battery system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The battery cell management device 2a includes one or more measuring instruments (sensors) 20 that measure the state of the storage battery 2, a processing unit 30 that acquires and processes the state information of the storage battery 2, a radio circuit 40, and an antenna that inputs and outputs radio waves. 50.

The processing unit 30 receives a power supply from a plurality of storage batteries 2 to generate an operating voltage, and a detection circuit (A / A) that detects the state of the storage battery 2 or the plurality of storage batteries 2 from information measured by the measuring instrument 20. D converter) 32, a processing circuit (CPU) 33 for diagnosing the state of the storage battery 2 or the plurality of storage batteries 2 based on the detection information detected by the detection circuit 32, and individual identification information and detection information or diagnosis information or It is comprised from the memory | storage device (memory) 34 which memorize | stores both. Further, the processing circuit 33 is connected to the wireless communication unit 40, and battery information is input / output via the antenna 50.

The battery management device 4 includes a wireless circuit 210, a processing circuit (CPU) 220, a power supply circuit 230 including a battery, a storage device (memory) 240, and an antenna 250.

The battery management device 4 communicates with one or more battery cell management devices 2a, and acquires the battery state detected by the battery cell management device 2a. In the wireless communication between the battery cell management device 2a and the battery management device 4 at this time, the battery management device 4 performs a master operation and the battery cell management device 2a performs a slave operation. The battery cell management device 2a performs an operation in accordance with a request from the battery management device 4, and then returns a result to the battery management device 4 as necessary.

At this time, the battery cell management device 2a responds with battery information regarding one or more storage batteries 2 according to the frequency communicated from the antenna 250 of the battery management device 4.

The battery information to be transmitted includes any one or more of information detected by a plurality of measuring instruments 20, battery identification information, history information, battery control parameters, and the like.

Detailed operation is explained below.

Each battery cell management device 2a includes a plurality of measuring instruments 20, a processing unit 30, a wireless communication unit 40, and an antenna 50 provided for each battery cell of the corresponding storage battery 2. The processing unit 30 includes a power supply circuit 31, a detection circuit 32, a processing circuit 33, and a memory 34. Each measuring instrument 20 is a sensor for measuring the state of each battery cell of the storage battery 2, and is composed of a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a temperature sensor, and the like. The measurement result of the state of the storage battery 2 by the measuring instrument 20 is converted into a digital signal by the detection circuit 32 and output to the processing circuit 33 as measurement information. The measuring instrument 20 and the detection circuit 32 constitute a measurement circuit that measures the state of each battery cell of the storage battery 2.

The power supply circuit 31 receives power supplied from the battery cells of the storage battery 2 and generates power supply voltages Vcc and Vdd based on the power. The power supply voltage Vcc is used as an operation power supply for the detection circuit 32 and the processing circuit 33, and the power supply voltage Vdd is used as an operation power supply for the wireless communication unit 40. The power supply circuit 31 can receive power from at least one of the battery cells constituting the storage battery 2.

The processing circuit 33 executes processing for controlling the operation of the battery cell management device 2a. For example, the measurement information of each battery cell output from the detection circuit 32 is stored in the storage device 34, and the measurement information stored in the storage device 34 is sent to the battery management device 4 in response to a request from the battery management device 4. A transmission process for wireless transmission is performed. In this transmission process, the processing circuit 33 transmits the measurement information according to the state of each battery cell to the battery management device 4 by controlling the wireless communication unit 40 according to the measurement information read from the storage device 34. When a balancing request is transmitted from the battery management device 4, the processing circuit 33 performs a balancing process for equalizing the charge state of each battery cell of the storage battery 2 by controlling a balancing switch (not shown). . In addition to this, various processes can be executed in the processing circuit 33.

The wireless communication unit 40 is a circuit that executes processing and control for the battery cell management device 2a to perform wireless communication with the battery management device 4. The radio signal transmitted from the battery management device 4 and received by the antenna 50 is demodulated by the radio communication unit 40 and output to the processing circuit 33. Thereby, the request content from the battery management device 4 is decoded by the processing circuit 33, and processing corresponding to the request content is executed in the processing circuit 33. In addition, the wireless communication unit 40 modulates the obtained measurement information according to a predetermined transmission frequency using the power supply voltage Vdd supplied from the power supply circuit 31 and outputs the modulated measurement information to the antenna 50. Thereby, the measurement information according to the state of each battery cell of the storage battery 2 is transmitted from the battery cell management device 2a to the battery management device 4.

The battery management device 4 includes a wireless communication unit 210, a processing circuit (CPU) 220, a power supply circuit 230, a storage device (memory) 240, and an antenna 250. The power supply circuit 230 generates the power supply voltages Vcc and Vdd based on the power supplied from the battery built in the battery management device 4 in the same manner as the power supply circuit 31 of the battery cell management device 2a. The battery management device 4 does not use the built-in storage battery 5 but can use electric power supplied from the outside. However, when the battery management device 4 is transported and stored in the housing 1 unit of the battery system 100, the battery management device 4 performs supplementary charging from the storage battery 2. It is desirable to use as a power source.

The processing circuit 220 controls operations of the wireless communication unit 210 and the storage device 240. The wireless communication unit 210 operates in accordance with the control of the processing circuit 220, and executes processing and control for the battery management device 4 to perform wireless communication with each battery cell management device 2a. The wireless communication unit 210 uses the power supply voltage Vdd supplied from the power supply circuit 230 to modulate a request for measurement information for each battery cell management device 2 a in accordance with a predetermined transmission frequency, and outputs the modulated request to the antenna 250. In response to this request, measurement information corresponding to the state of each battery cell of the storage battery 2 is transmitted from each battery cell management device 2a to the battery management device 4 by a radio signal. The radio signal transmitted from each battery cell management device 2 a and received by the antenna 250 is demodulated by the radio communication unit 210 and output to the processing circuit 220. Thereby, the measurement information acquired by each battery cell management device 2a is decoded by the processing circuit 220, and processing according to the content is executed as necessary.

As described above, the battery management device 4 acquires the battery state detected by each battery cell management device 2a by performing wireless communication with each battery cell management device 2a. At this time, the battery management device 4 operates as a master that leads communication, and each battery cell management device 2a operates as a slave that performs communication according to an instruction from the master. Each battery cell management apparatus 2a transmits the result to the battery management apparatus 4 as needed, after performing the operation | movement according to the request | requirement of the battery management apparatus 4. FIG.

As an example, an example of communication operation in the battery system 100 including the battery management device 4 and the plurality of battery cell management devices 2a is shown below. When the power of the battery management device 4 is turned on and the control circuit is activated, the battery type is confirmed by the command from the battery management device 4, the battery control parameters, the battery usage history part, and the deterioration degree written at the last charge / discharge ( SOHR, SOHQ), presence / absence of abnormality flag, etc. are read. The battery control parameters include initial values, SOC-OCV curve information at the time of remaining amount estimation, constants for calculation, and the like. These pieces of information are read only at the time of start-up, and when the operation ends, the degree of deterioration in the final state is written in the battery usage history section.

Simultaneously, sensing information such as battery voltage, current, battery surface temperature, and battery internal temperature of one or a plurality of storage batteries 2 at the time of activation is requested from the battery management device 4 and transmitted from the battery cell management device 2a. As for the sensing information, the information is transmitted according to the received instruction at regular intervals of 10 ms to 60 s in accordance with the reading designated time of each information. Before the start of charging / discharging, individual information of the initial state of the plurality of battery cell management devices 2a is read. If there is SOC imbalance in the entire battery, a command is transmitted to the target battery cell management device 2a, and the received battery The cell management device 2a starts discharging by a bypass circuit (not shown) provided therein, and discharges until one or a plurality of storage batteries 2 reach a desired voltage.

At this time, the discharge does not have to end until the start of charging / discharging, and the voltage of one or a plurality of storage batteries 2 is balanced by the end of charging / discharging. At the time of charging / discharging, information is transmitted according to a command received at a constant interval of 10 ms to 60 s according to the reading specification of each information as described above. When the assembled battery management device 200 determines that the charging / discharging is completed and the energization is completed, the SOC, SOH (SOHR, SOCQ) calculated by the battery management device 4 is written in a storage device (not shown). . Moreover, the microcomputer part of the battery cell management apparatus 2a is put to sleep from the end information. The dark current is minimized, and the voltage drop of one or a plurality of storage batteries 2 when no power is supplied is suppressed.

By doing in this way, since the battery control parameter, the degree of deterioration, the protection history, etc., the current capacity, the battery temperature, etc. can be confirmed individually for each of the one or a plurality of storage batteries 2, abnormalities and deterioration are increased. Even when a plurality of storage batteries 2 need to be replaced, until now, they could only be replaced for each number of series batteries. However, it is possible to replace one or a plurality of storage batteries 2 and maintain the battery system 100. The cost of time can be reduced. Even when one or a plurality of types of storage batteries 2 are mixed, the battery cell management device 2a having the control parameters is integrated with each one or a plurality of storage batteries 2, so that the control due to the mismatch of the control parameters. It is possible to avoid the occurrence of defects.

In addition, when the wireless communication between the battery management device 4 and each battery cell management device 2a can be performed using a plurality of frequencies, versatility is further improved.

The battery system 100 may be realized in any configuration as long as a plurality of radio frequencies can be used in the wireless communication performed between the battery management device 4 and each battery cell management device 2a.

The transmission information is transmitted as a reflected wave with respect to the unmodulated carrier by changing the impedance with respect to the unmodulated carrier at a predetermined timing according to the transmission information. When this method is used, a system with lower power consumption can be realized.

Furthermore, the battery cell management device 2a communicates control dynamic battery information and control / management static battery information from the battery cell management device 2a to the battery management device 4 in response to a request from the battery management device 4.

The sexual battery information for control / management here refers to battery information, LOT name, date of manufacture, history, individual identification ID and other information for identifying one individual battery cell, and nominal capacity (Ah). , Nominal voltage (V), SOC-OCV, DCR, resistance value, battery control parameters, usage history log, abnormal flag log, etc. Refers to information that can be read. The dynamic battery information for control is information obtained by sensing the state of the battery cell, and indicates information that changes every moment. By recording the control / management static battery information in a rewritable recording section provided in the battery cell management device 2a, information on individual batteries is recorded.

Information regarding each battery cell of the storage battery 2 can be individually confirmed in the battery management device 4 by the communication operation as described above. Therefore, even if an abnormality occurs in any of the battery cells or the deterioration progresses, the storage battery can be easily specified and replaced. That is, conventionally, it was necessary to replace the entire storage battery 2, but by applying the present invention, replacement can be performed in units of battery cells, and thus the cost during maintenance can be reduced.

Furthermore, according to the configuration of the present invention, even when the storage battery 2 is replaced and different types of battery cells are used together, by setting appropriate control parameters for each battery cell, Control failure due to mismatch can be avoided. In general, the current consumption of the battery management device 4 increases as the communication distance increases at the time of wireless transmission. Therefore, external power supply is necessary for stable communication operation, but the battery management device 4 operates. Since the power source has the second storage battery 5 and can be connected to the first storage battery group by a switch, stable operation is possible even without external power feeding.

The above is a summary of the invention according to the fourth embodiment. By using this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the first embodiment.

The battery system 100 according to the present embodiment is characterized in that the battery management device 4 includes an antenna that performs wireless communication. With such a configuration, unnecessary wiring around the battery management device 4 can be eliminated, and the battery system 100 can be downsized.

<Example 5>
Next, a fifth embodiment will be described. This embodiment differs from the fourth embodiment in that, in addition to the first reference potential 11 provided on the low potential side of the storage battery group 3, the second reference potential 9 is provided on the low potential side of the second storage battery 5. This is the point. In the other respects, the same structure as that of the fourth embodiment is described using the drawing numbers used in the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 7 shows a diagram when the load 12 is connected to the battery module 10 of the fifth embodiment. The first reference potential (usually GND) 11 on the low voltage side of the storage battery group 3 including the first storage battery 2 and the second reference potential 9 on the low potential side of the second storage battery 5 are separated. By doing so, the battery management device 4 and its peripheral switch 7, diode 8, and voltage conversion circuit 6 can be made compact. Furthermore, when the operable voltage ranges of the uppermost storage battery 2 and the storage battery 5 of the storage battery group 3 are the same or substantially the same, the low voltage side of the uppermost storage battery 2 is connected to the third reference potential 13, By making this common with the second reference potential 9, a more stable operation becomes possible. Note that the third reference potential may be connected from the lower voltage side of an appropriate number of first storage batteries 2 from the upper level according to the voltage of the storage battery 5.

As above, the invention according to the fifth embodiment is briefly summarized. By using this embodiment, the following operational effects can be obtained in addition to the fourth embodiment.

The battery system 100 according to the present embodiment is a battery module characterized in that the reference potential 11 of the storage battery group 3 and the reference potential 9 of the second storage battery 5 are different. The device 4 and its peripheral switch 7, the diode 8, and the voltage conversion circuit 6 can be reduced in size.

Finally, the configuration of the battery system 100 to which the above-described embodiments are applied will be described. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an electric system 110 including a conventional battery system 100, which is an example of a configuration of an electric system including the battery system 100. The electric system shown in FIG. 8 includes a battery system 100, an inverter 200, a motor 300, a relay box 400, and a host controller 500.

An example to which the present invention is applied will be described below. The battery system 100 includes one or a plurality of storage batteries 2 each constituted by one or a plurality of battery cells, and a battery cell management device 2a is provided corresponding to each storage battery 2. . Each battery cell management device 2a includes information necessary for detecting the state of charge (SOC) of the storage battery 2 (SOC: State of Charge) and the deterioration state (SOH: State of Health), and measurement (voltage, current, Temperature). And it communicates with the battery management apparatus 4 using the electric power supplied from the storage battery 2, and the measurement result regarding the charge state, the deterioration state, and the abnormality monitoring, the necessary information, and the battery management apparatus 4 are requested. Information is transmitted to the battery management device 4.

The battery management device 4 acquires the measurement result regarding the charge state and the deterioration state of the storage battery 2 corresponding to the battery cell management device 2a from each battery cell management device 2a. Then, based on the acquired measurement result, the charging state and the deterioration state of each storage battery 2 are estimated, and the estimation result is transmitted to the host controller 500.

The host controller 500 controls the inverter 200 and the relay box 400 based on the estimation result of the charged state and the deteriorated state of each storage battery 2 transmitted from the battery management device 4. The inverter 200 converts the DC power supplied from each storage battery 2 into three-phase AC power and supplies it to the motor 300 when the relay box 400 is in a conductive state, thereby rotating the motor 300 to generate driving force. Let Further, when the motor 300 is regeneratively operated, the three-phase AC regenerative power generated by the motor 300 is converted into DC power and output to each storage battery group 3 to charge the storage battery 2 of each storage battery group 3. To do. The operation of the inverter 200 is controlled by the host controller 500.

When the present invention is applied to the battery system 100, the power supply of the battery management device 4 in the battery system 100 has been conventionally supplied from a 12V or 24V lead battery in a hybrid vehicle application or the like, but the power supply wiring becomes unnecessary. Of course, for power backup, an optimal power supply may be performed depending on the case where the supply from the external power supply is left and the supply is made as usual.

The entire battery system 100 can be replaced. In FIG. 8, one battery management device 4 corresponds to one or a plurality of directly connected storage battery groups 3 to constitute the battery system 100, but for each one or a plurality of storage batteries 2. The battery system 100 may be configured with a plurality of battery management units 4 each including a battery unit housing 1 having a storage battery 5 as a power source dedicated to the battery management device 4.

By doing so, the battery control parameters, the degree of deterioration, the protection history, the current capacity, the battery temperature, etc. can be confirmed individually for each battery cell 1, so that the abnormality or deterioration increases, and the storage battery 2 can be replaced. Even when it is necessary, it has been possible to replace only the number of series batteries until now, but it is also possible to replace even the unit of the storage battery 2, and the cost during maintenance of the battery system 100 can be reduced. Even when the types of the storage batteries 2 are mixed, the battery cell management device having the control parameters is integrated with each storage battery 2, so that it is possible to avoid a control failure due to a mismatch of the control parameters. it can.

Most effectively, a part of the battery cell management device 2a integrated in the cell has a storage area and records individual control parameters for each cell.

The above-described battery system 100 of the present invention is not particularly limited in form, and includes a large-sized battery system from a portable automobile module to a railway battery box and a power storage panel for power use.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various designs can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention described in the claims. It can be changed. For example, the above-described embodiment has been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and is not necessarily limited to one having all the configurations described. A part of the configuration of a certain example can be replaced with the configuration of another example, and the configuration of another example can be added to the configuration of a certain embodiment. Furthermore, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ...... Housing 2 ... 1st storage battery 2a ... Battery cell management device 3 ... Storage battery group 4 ... Battery management device 5 ... 2nd storage battery 6 ... ... Voltage adjustment circuit 7 ... Switch 8 ... Rectifier diode

Claims

A first storage battery group in which a plurality of storage batteries are connected in series and / or in parallel;
A second storage battery connected to the high potential side of the storage battery group via a switch;
In the battery system in which the battery management device that manages the battery state of the storage battery group is integrated with the housing,
The battery management device is powered by the second storage battery,
The battery system is characterized in that the second storage battery is supplementarily charged by closing the switch.
The battery system according to claim 1,
The battery system is characterized in that the switch is controlled to be opened and closed by the battery management device.
The battery system according to claim 2,
The storage battery group has a battery cell management device corresponding to the first storage battery,
The battery cell management device includes an antenna that performs wireless communication.
The battery system according to claim 3,
A battery system comprising a diode connected to the second storage battery and a voltage adjustment circuit between the switch and the second storage battery.
The battery system according to claim 4,
The battery system, wherein the switch, the diode, and the voltage adjustment circuit are integrated with the casing and disposed outside the casing.
The battery system according to any one of claims 2 to 5,
The battery management apparatus includes an antenna that performs wireless communication.
The battery system according to claim 6,
A battery system, wherein a reference potential of the storage battery group and a reference potential of the second storage battery are different.
Having a first storage battery,
A second storage battery connected to the high potential side of the first storage battery via a switch;
In the battery system in which the battery management device that manages the battery state of the first storage battery is integrated with the housing,
The battery management device is powered by the second storage battery,
The battery system is characterized in that the second storage battery is supplementarily charged by closing the switch.
The battery system according to claim 8, wherein
The battery system, wherein a reference potential of the first storage battery and a reference potential of the second storage battery are common.