WO2016075718A1 - A reversible plough with improved safety system - Google Patents

A reversible plough with improved safety system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016075718A1
WO2016075718A1 PCT/IT2015/000274 IT2015000274W WO2016075718A1 WO 2016075718 A1 WO2016075718 A1 WO 2016075718A1 IT 2015000274 W IT2015000274 W IT 2015000274W WO 2016075718 A1 WO2016075718 A1 WO 2016075718A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plough
tongue
frame element
hydraulic cylinder
stem
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IT2015/000274
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Cristiano MORO
Original Assignee
Er.Mo Spa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Er.Mo Spa filed Critical Er.Mo Spa
Publication of WO2016075718A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016075718A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B61/00—Devices for, or parts of, agricultural machines or implements for preventing overstrain
    • A01B61/04—Devices for, or parts of, agricultural machines or implements for preventing overstrain of the connection between tools and carrier beam or frame
    • A01B61/044—Devices for, or parts of, agricultural machines or implements for preventing overstrain of the connection between tools and carrier beam or frame the connection enabling a yielding pivoting movement around a substantially horizontal and transverse axis
    • A01B61/046—Devices for, or parts of, agricultural machines or implements for preventing overstrain of the connection between tools and carrier beam or frame the connection enabling a yielding pivoting movement around a substantially horizontal and transverse axis the device including an energy accumulator for restoring the tool to its working position
    • A01B61/048—Devices for, or parts of, agricultural machines or implements for preventing overstrain of the connection between tools and carrier beam or frame the connection enabling a yielding pivoting movement around a substantially horizontal and transverse axis the device including an energy accumulator for restoring the tool to its working position the connection or the energy accumulator being active in two opposite directions, e.g. for reversible plows

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the sector of reversible ploughs; more specifically, it relates to a reversible plough with an improved "non-stop" safety system.
  • Reversible ploughs are provided with a plurality of plough bodies supported by a beam that can be fixed to a three-point hitch on a tractor, and each plough body comprises two ploughshare units.
  • Reversible ploughs therefore comprise a device enabling them to be lifted and rotated thru 180°, so as to alternate the ploughshare units in operation, based on the direction of movement of the tractor on the ground.
  • ploughshare unit refers to the assembly consisting of the chisel, the moldboard and the actual ploughshare itself.
  • Each plough body essentially consists of a frame element and a plough tongue supporting a pair of ploughshare units by means of two arms.
  • This plough tongue is connected to the frame element by means of a fulcrum hinge, enabling the rotation of the plough body around it.
  • each plough body enables the body to be lifted upwards, around the fulcrum hinge, when the ploughshare unit operating in the ground meets an obstacle.
  • the safety system requires an articulation adapted to keep the plough body in position while it is being dragged, but which also enables it to be lifted when the resistance force exerted by the obstacle on the ploughshare unit exceeds a predetermined value. All this helps to prevent the plough from getting stuck against an obstacle and sustaining damage.
  • Patent application no. CR2005A000003 by the same applicant describes a reversible plough provided with a hydraulic safety system that is also reversible.
  • This safety system comprises a first hydraulic cylinder and a second hydraulic cylinder, connected to the plough tongue and the frame, and arranged in a substantially symmetrical position with respect to a through spindle for the fulcrum hinge.
  • Both hydraulic cylinders have a stem with a head associated with a moving strut, sliding freely in an axial direction inside the stem, and are connected to a storage tank for pressurized nitrogen.
  • the two hydraulic cylinders are arranged so that, when the plough body is in the operating position, each stem is at the limit position out of its respective cylinder, while the moving strut is inside the respective stem.
  • the plough body When the working ploughshare unit meets a very resistant obstacle, the plough body is lifted around the fulcrum: a first cylinder reacts actively, opposing this movement, and its stems returns into the cylinder, causing oil to flow into the tank; since the oil is incompressible, the damping effect is provided by the pressurized nitrogen contained in a chamber of the tank.
  • the first cylinder extends once again and returns the plough body to the working position.
  • the lifting of the plough body causes the active reaction of only one of the cylinders, in which, as mentioned above, the stem returns into the cylinder and makes oil flow under pressure, while the opposing cylinder passively follows the movement of the plough body, thanks to the free sliding of the moving strut with respect to the stem.
  • the active cylinder becomes passive, and vice-versa: in substance, the cylinders behave as active or passive based simply on the geometrical position of the plough body, without requiring any external input.
  • twin hydraulic cylinder multiplied by the number of plough bodies mounted on the plough itself, can also have an impact on the total weight.
  • the main aim of the present invention is to provide a reversible plough with a "non-stop" safety system that is also reversible, and which is effective but also extremely simple from the construction point of view, as well as being sturdy, long-lasting and of reduced weight.
  • plough comprises a plurality of plough bodies, each comprising a frame element, a plough tongue supporting ploughshare units by means of two respective arms, wherein said plough tongue is connected to said frame element by means of a fulcrum hinge, and a safety system to allow the lifting of the plough body around said fulcrum hinge, in case of impact of the ploughshare units against an obstacle, wherein said safety system comprises:
  • a hydraulic cylinder associated with said plough tongue, comprising a stem, the head thereof being provided with a pin movable in a slot of said plough tongue, and a cylinder housing within which said stem can slide;
  • said plough tongue comprises a cavity adapted to contain said hydraulic cylinder, so that the same is freely slidable therein;
  • said arms are rotatably associated with said plough tongue by means of two corresponding hinges; - said arms are associated with the cylinder housing of said hydraulic cylinder by means of two corresponding connecting rods, therefore, in the position of intervention of said safety system, said arms, due to the thrusting force of said obstacle against one of said ploughshare units, rotate around said hinges causing the translation of the cylinder housing of said hydraulic cylinder inside said cavity, and producing a further progressive insertion of said stem in said cylinder housing and a further lifting of the plough body with respect to said obstacle.
  • the profile of said frame element on which said pin slides is an eccentric profile with respect to said fulcrum hinge.
  • the profile of said frame element and said plough tongue are symmetrical to a plane passing through the rotation axis of said fulcrum hinge and the longitudinal axis of the stem of said hydraulic cylinder.
  • the length of said slot, through which the pin of said stem protrudes is adapted to define the limit position of said pin along the trajectory defined by the profile of said frame element.
  • said plough tongue comprises two stop elements, one for each arm, adapted to keep said arms fixed with respect to said hinges, when the plough body is in operating position.
  • each connecting rod has a first end rotatably associated at the same time with the end of the other connecting rod and with the cylinder housing of said hydraulic cylinder by means of a hinge, and a second end rotatably associated with said arm, so that said arms rotate simultaneously with respect to the respective hinges.
  • said fulcrum hinge comprises an articulated joint.
  • said articulated joint is made by means of a spherical cavity obtained in said frame element, within which a complementary spherical head provided on said plough tongue is free to rotate, so as to allow minimum rotations of said plough tongue in space with respect to said frame element.
  • said hydraulic cylinder is connected to an oil storage tank comprising a variable volume chamber containing an inert gas under pressure and, between the hydraulic cylinder and the tank a valve is provided, which is adapted to put into communication said cylinder and said tank only when a threshold value of the oil pressure generated by the rotation imparted to said plough body is exceeded.
  • the invention offers several advantages as described below.
  • the plough body makes two movements at the same time that, when combined with one another, advantageously increase the lifting of the ploughshare unit in operation.
  • a further advantage consists in the construction simplicity of the connection between the ploughshare units and the plough tongue, and between the plough tongue and the frame, and in the ability of the safety system to operate equally in the two working positions of the plough, based on the direction of movement of the tractor.
  • the safety system does not require resetting after an obstacle is overcome, nor configuration or adaptation operations when the plough bodies are rotated thru 180 degrees.
  • Figure 1 shows an axonometric view of a reversible plough with an improved safety system according to the invention
  • Figures 2 and 3 show a transparent side plan view of a plough body according to the invention, both in the operating position and in the lifted position due to an impact with an obstacle;
  • Figure 4 shows a simplified side plan view - for clarity - of a plough body according to the invention, without the two ploughshare units, with continuous and dotted lines to indicate the two positions that can be assumed as shown in Figures 2 and 3;
  • Figures 5 and 6 show a cross-section along a vertical plane, of a plough body according to the invention, both in the operating position and in the lifted position due to an impact with an obstacle;
  • Figures 7 and 8, respectively, show a cross-section along a horizontal plane and an overhead plan view, of a detail of a plough body according to the invention.
  • a reversible plough 1 provided with a plurality of plough bodies 100 mounted on a beam 200 provided at one end with an articulated joint 300 adapted to be associated with a three-point hitch on a tractor.
  • Said plough body 100 comprises a frame element 5, adapted to be associated with said beam 200, and a plough tongue 2 supporting two ploughshare units 4a, 4b, positioned opposing one another, with a left/right moldboard.
  • Said plough tongue 2 is connected to said frame element 5 with a fulcrum hinge 6, while said ploughshare units 4a, 4b are supported by two respective arms 3a, 3b rotatably associated with said plough tongue 2 by means of two corresponding hinges 11a, 11b.
  • Said plough body 100 further comprises a safety system allowing it to be lifted, by means of rotation around said fulcrum hinge 6, in case of impact of the ploughshare unit 4a, 4b against an obstacle hidden in the ground while working.
  • Said safety system is composed of two parts and allows the plough body 100 to make a simultaneous dual combined movement.
  • Said safety system comprises:
  • a hydraulic cylinder 7, associated with said plough tongue 2, comprising a stem 8, the head thereof being provided with a pin 9, and a cylinder housing 10 within which said stem can slide 8;
  • said plough tongue 2 comprises a cavity 13 adapted to contain said hydraulic cylinder 7, so that the cylinder housing 10 is freely slidable therein;
  • said arms 3a, 3b are associated with the cylinder housing 10 of said hydraulic cylinder 7 by means of two corresponding connecting rods 12a, 12b;
  • said plough tongue 2 comprises two stop elements 15a, 15b, one for each arm 3a, 3b.
  • said connecting rods 12a, 12b have a first end rotatably associated simultaneously with the end of the other connecting rod and with the cylinder housing 10 of said hydraulic cylinder 7 by means of a hinge 18, and a second end rotatably associated with said arm 3a, 3b, so that said arms 3a, 3b rotate simultaneously with respect to the respective hinges 11a, 11 b.
  • the pin 9 of said head slides into an outer position with respect to said seat 19, and is free to move along a curvilinear trajectory ⁇ defined by the curved profile of said frame element 5, eccentric with respect to the fulcrum hinge 6;
  • said plough tongue 2 comprises a slot 14, engaged by the pin 9 of said stem 8.
  • the length of said slot 14 defines the limit position of said pin 9 along the trajectory ⁇ defined by the profile of said frame element 5, and therefore the maximum rotation of the plough tongue 2 around said fulcrum hinge 6.
  • a first rotation A involves the plough tongue assembly and takes place around said fulcrum hinge 6;
  • a second rotation B involves each individual arm 3a, 3b and takes place around the respective hinges 11a, 11b. This combination gives rise to an eccentric rotation in space by each individual ploughshare unit.
  • the work of the safety device is identical but operates on the other ploughshare unit.
  • said fulcrum hinge 6 comprises an articulated joint.
  • Said articulated joint is made by means of a spherical cavity 16, obtained in said frame element 5, within which a complementary spherical head 17 provided on said plough tongue 2 is free to rotate, so as to allow minimum rotations of said plough tongue 2 in space with respect to said frame element 5, resulting in less stiffness of the structure.
  • These rotations are absorbed by the stem 8 of the hydraulic cylinder 7, which may be free to penetrate into its cylinder housing 10, without compromising the work of the safety system.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 7 is connected to an oleo-pneumatic circuit, comprising a tank (not shown) containing an inert gas under pressure, such as nitrogen. Said tank is provided with an internal membrane defining a first chamber containing oil, and a second adjacent chamber containing the gas.
  • the hydraulic circuit is of a known type and essentially features a joint between the tank and the hose that connects it to the cylinder 7.
  • the hydraulic circuit is then set, by means of a safety valve, to a working pressure defining the intervention threshold of the safety system.
  • Said valve is adapted to put into communication the tank and the hydraulic cylinder 7 only when a threshold value of the oil pressure generated by the rotation imparted to said plough body 100 by an obstacle is exceeded.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a reversible plough (1) with an improved "non-stop" safety system. Said plough (1) comprises a plurality of plough bodies (100), each comprising a frame element (5), a plough tongue (2) supporting ploughshare units (4a, 4b) by means of two respective arms (3a, 3b), wherein said plough tongue (2) is connected to said frame element (5) by means of a fulcrum hinge (6), and a safety system to allow the lifting of the plough body (100) around said fulcrum hinge (6), in case of impact of the ploughshare units against an obstacle. Said safety system comprises: - a hydraulic cylinder (7), associated with said plough tongue (2), comprising a stem (8), the head thereof being provided with a pin (9) movable in a slot (14) of said plough tongue (2), and a cylinder housing (10) within which said stem (8) can slide; - a seat (19) obtained in said frame element (5) along a curved profile thereof, wherein: - said plough tongue (2) comprises a cavity (13) adapted to contain said hydraulic cylinder (7), so that the same is freely slidable therein; - said arms (3a, 3b) are rotatably associated with said plough tongue (2) by means of two corresponding hinges (11a, 11b); - said arms (3a, 3b) are associated with the cylinder housing (10) of said hydraulic cylinder (7) by means of two corresponding connecting rods (12a, 12b).

Description

A REVERSIBLE PLOUGH WITH IMPROVED SAFETY SYSTEM
* * * * *
The present invention relates to the sector of reversible ploughs; more specifically, it relates to a reversible plough with an improved "non-stop" safety system.
Reversible ploughs, as is known, are provided with a plurality of plough bodies supported by a beam that can be fixed to a three-point hitch on a tractor, and each plough body comprises two ploughshare units.
Reversible ploughs therefore comprise a device enabling them to be lifted and rotated thru 180°, so as to alternate the ploughshare units in operation, based on the direction of movement of the tractor on the ground.
The term "ploughshare unit" refers to the assembly consisting of the chisel, the moldboard and the actual ploughshare itself.
Each plough body essentially consists of a frame element and a plough tongue supporting a pair of ploughshare units by means of two arms. This plough tongue is connected to the frame element by means of a fulcrum hinge, enabling the rotation of the plough body around it.
The safety system of each plough body enables the body to be lifted upwards, around the fulcrum hinge, when the ploughshare unit operating in the ground meets an obstacle. Technically, the safety system requires an articulation adapted to keep the plough body in position while it is being dragged, but which also enables it to be lifted when the resistance force exerted by the obstacle on the ploughshare unit exceeds a predetermined value. All this helps to prevent the plough from getting stuck against an obstacle and sustaining damage.
It is essential for the safety system to work for both ploughshare units on the plough body, and therefore it must also be "reversible".
In the past, in the field of reversible ploughs, safety systems were developed based on mechanical pins that operate until breakage, which however proved to be very inconvenient due to the need to reset them after passing over the obstacle. Alternatively, hydraulic systems were proposed, however they were unfortunately rather complex, both on the hydraulic side and on the mechanical side.
Patent application no. CR2005A000003 by the same applicant describes a reversible plough provided with a hydraulic safety system that is also reversible.
This safety system comprises a first hydraulic cylinder and a second hydraulic cylinder, connected to the plough tongue and the frame, and arranged in a substantially symmetrical position with respect to a through spindle for the fulcrum hinge. Both hydraulic cylinders have a stem with a head associated with a moving strut, sliding freely in an axial direction inside the stem, and are connected to a storage tank for pressurized nitrogen.
The two hydraulic cylinders are arranged so that, when the plough body is in the operating position, each stem is at the limit position out of its respective cylinder, while the moving strut is inside the respective stem.
When the working ploughshare unit meets a very resistant obstacle, the plough body is lifted around the fulcrum: a first cylinder reacts actively, opposing this movement, and its stems returns into the cylinder, causing oil to flow into the tank; since the oil is incompressible, the damping effect is provided by the pressurized nitrogen contained in a chamber of the tank.
Once the obstacle has been overcome, the first cylinder extends once again and returns the plough body to the working position.
The lifting of the plough body causes the active reaction of only one of the cylinders, in which, as mentioned above, the stem returns into the cylinder and makes oil flow under pressure, while the opposing cylinder passively follows the movement of the plough body, thanks to the free sliding of the moving strut with respect to the stem.
When the plough body turns thru 180°, the active cylinder becomes passive, and vice-versa: in substance, the cylinders behave as active or passive based simply on the geometrical position of the plough body, without requiring any external input.
However, these reversible ploughs, and particularly their safety device, have several limits or disadvantages.
The solution described is effective, but it is not simple to manufacture, requiring as it does a large number of mechanical and hydraulic components that can have a considerable impact on the overall geometry of the plough and on costs.
The twin hydraulic cylinder, multiplied by the number of plough bodies mounted on the plough itself, can also have an impact on the total weight.
Excessive weight, in addition to increasing energy consumption and making use of the plough more costly in terms of energy, can also lead to more rapid wear on the plough itself, requiring maintenance operations and/or the replacement of its parts.
Even more disadvantageously, wear on the components may be different on the two hydraulic cylinders and on the two ploughshare units, causing general malfunctioning of the plough.
The main aim of the present invention is to provide a reversible plough with a "non-stop" safety system that is also reversible, and which is effective but also extremely simple from the construction point of view, as well as being sturdy, long-lasting and of reduced weight.
This aim is achieved with a reversible plough with an improved safety system, where said plough comprises a plurality of plough bodies, each comprising a frame element, a plough tongue supporting ploughshare units by means of two respective arms, wherein said plough tongue is connected to said frame element by means of a fulcrum hinge, and a safety system to allow the lifting of the plough body around said fulcrum hinge, in case of impact of the ploughshare units against an obstacle, wherein said safety system comprises:
- a hydraulic cylinder, associated with said plough tongue, comprising a stem, the head thereof being provided with a pin movable in a slot of said plough tongue, and a cylinder housing within which said stem can slide;
- a seat obtained in said frame element along a curved profile thereof, wherein, with the plough body in operating position, the pin of said head is stably housed in said seat and said stem is in extended position out of the cylinder housing, while in the position of intervention of said safety system, the pin of said head is in outer position with respect to said seat, movable in said slot and along a curvilinear trajectory defined by the curved profile of said frame element, so as to cause progressive insertion of said stem into said cylinder housing and progressive rotation of said plough tongue around said fulcrum hinge,
wherein:
- said plough tongue comprises a cavity adapted to contain said hydraulic cylinder, so that the same is freely slidable therein;
- said arms are rotatably associated with said plough tongue by means of two corresponding hinges; - said arms are associated with the cylinder housing of said hydraulic cylinder by means of two corresponding connecting rods, therefore, in the position of intervention of said safety system, said arms, due to the thrusting force of said obstacle against one of said ploughshare units, rotate around said hinges causing the translation of the cylinder housing of said hydraulic cylinder inside said cavity, and producing a further progressive insertion of said stem in said cylinder housing and a further lifting of the plough body with respect to said obstacle.
According to a first aspect of the invention, the profile of said frame element on which said pin slides is an eccentric profile with respect to said fulcrum hinge.
Advantageously, the profile of said frame element and said plough tongue are symmetrical to a plane passing through the rotation axis of said fulcrum hinge and the longitudinal axis of the stem of said hydraulic cylinder.
Furthermore, the length of said slot, through which the pin of said stem protrudes, is adapted to define the limit position of said pin along the trajectory defined by the profile of said frame element.
According to further aspects of the invention, said plough tongue comprises two stop elements, one for each arm, adapted to keep said arms fixed with respect to said hinges, when the plough body is in operating position.
Advantageously, each connecting rod has a first end rotatably associated at the same time with the end of the other connecting rod and with the cylinder housing of said hydraulic cylinder by means of a hinge, and a second end rotatably associated with said arm, so that said arms rotate simultaneously with respect to the respective hinges. In a preferred variant of the invention, said fulcrum hinge comprises an articulated joint.
In particular, said articulated joint is made by means of a spherical cavity obtained in said frame element, within which a complementary spherical head provided on said plough tongue is free to rotate, so as to allow minimum rotations of said plough tongue in space with respect to said frame element.
According to further aspects of the invention, said hydraulic cylinder is connected to an oil storage tank comprising a variable volume chamber containing an inert gas under pressure and, between the hydraulic cylinder and the tank a valve is provided, which is adapted to put into communication said cylinder and said tank only when a threshold value of the oil pressure generated by the rotation imparted to said plough body is exceeded.
The invention offers several advantages as described below.
To overcome the obstacle in the ground, the plough body makes two movements at the same time that, when combined with one another, advantageously increase the lifting of the ploughshare unit in operation. To the traditional rotation movement of the plough tongue around the fulcrum hinge there is advantageously added the rotation of the arms around the respective hinges for hitching to the plough tongue.
This guarantees a clearer, more effective and faster lifting of the ploughshare unit over the obstacle in the ground, thereby speeding up the process of overcoming the obstacle and of working the ground, which also optimizes ploughing times.
A further advantage consists in the construction simplicity of the connection between the ploughshare units and the plough tongue, and between the plough tongue and the frame, and in the ability of the safety system to operate equally in the two working positions of the plough, based on the direction of movement of the tractor.
The use of a single hydraulic cylinder that can operate in both working directions at the same time, makes the plough easy to construct, cheaper and lighter.
The symmetry of the eccentric profile of the plough tongue, together with the symmetry with which the arms are rotatably associated with the plough tongue, and all their components (stop elements, hinges, connecting rods), guarantees that the safety device works equally and symmetrically on both the ploughshare units.
Advantageously, the safety system does not require resetting after an obstacle is overcome, nor configuration or adaptation operations when the plough bodies are rotated thru 180 degrees.
The advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following descriptions of preferred embodiments thereof, illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying figures, in which:
Figure 1 shows an axonometric view of a reversible plough with an improved safety system according to the invention;
Figures 2 and 3 show a transparent side plan view of a plough body according to the invention, both in the operating position and in the lifted position due to an impact with an obstacle;
Figure 4 shows a simplified side plan view - for clarity - of a plough body according to the invention, without the two ploughshare units, with continuous and dotted lines to indicate the two positions that can be assumed as shown in Figures 2 and 3;
Figures 5 and 6 show a cross-section along a vertical plane, of a plough body according to the invention, both in the operating position and in the lifted position due to an impact with an obstacle;
Figures 7 and 8, respectively, show a cross-section along a horizontal plane and an overhead plan view, of a detail of a plough body according to the invention.
With reference to Figure 1 , there is shown a reversible plough 1 provided with a plurality of plough bodies 100 mounted on a beam 200 provided at one end with an articulated joint 300 adapted to be associated with a three-point hitch on a tractor.
With reference to Figures 2-7, a single plough body 100 is shown.
Said plough body 100 comprises a frame element 5, adapted to be associated with said beam 200, and a plough tongue 2 supporting two ploughshare units 4a, 4b, positioned opposing one another, with a left/right moldboard.
Said plough tongue 2 is connected to said frame element 5 with a fulcrum hinge 6, while said ploughshare units 4a, 4b are supported by two respective arms 3a, 3b rotatably associated with said plough tongue 2 by means of two corresponding hinges 11a, 11b.
Said plough body 100 further comprises a safety system allowing it to be lifted, by means of rotation around said fulcrum hinge 6, in case of impact of the ploughshare unit 4a, 4b against an obstacle hidden in the ground while working.
Said safety system is composed of two parts and allows the plough body 100 to make a simultaneous dual combined movement.
Said safety system comprises:
- a hydraulic cylinder 7, associated with said plough tongue 2, comprising a stem 8, the head thereof being provided with a pin 9, and a cylinder housing 10 within which said stem can slide 8;
- a seat 19, obtained in said frame element along a curved profile thereof, adapted to cooperate with said pin 9.
Furthermore:
- said plough tongue 2 comprises a cavity 13 adapted to contain said hydraulic cylinder 7, so that the cylinder housing 10 is freely slidable therein;
- said arms 3a, 3b are associated with the cylinder housing 10 of said hydraulic cylinder 7 by means of two corresponding connecting rods 12a, 12b;
- said plough tongue 2 comprises two stop elements 15a, 15b, one for each arm 3a, 3b.
In particular, said connecting rods 12a, 12b have a first end rotatably associated simultaneously with the end of the other connecting rod and with the cylinder housing 10 of said hydraulic cylinder 7 by means of a hinge 18, and a second end rotatably associated with said arm 3a, 3b, so that said arms 3a, 3b rotate simultaneously with respect to the respective hinges 11a, 11 b.
When the plough body 100 is in the operating position (Figures 2, 4 and 5) and is translating in a direction D:
- the pin 9 of said head is stably housed in said seat 19 and said stem 8 is in extended position out of the cylinder housing 10 due to the pre-loading pressure of the oleo-pneumatic circuit;
- said arms 3a, 3b are pushed against said stop elements 15a, 15b, and held firmly on said plough tongue 2, being unable to rotate around their hinges 11a, 11b.
When, on the other hand, the plough body 100 is in the safe position (Figures 3, 4 and 6):
- the pin 9 of said head slides into an outer position with respect to said seat 19, and is free to move along a curvilinear trajectory δ defined by the curved profile of said frame element 5, eccentric with respect to the fulcrum hinge 6;
- said arms 3a, 3b, due to the thrusting force exerted by said obstacle against the ploughshare unit 4a, 4b in operation, rotate around said hinges 11a, 11b.
The movement of said pin 9 along the curvilinear trajectory δ of the eccentric profile of said frame element 5 and the rotation B of said arms 3a, 3b around their hinges 11a, 11b simultaneously cause:
- the progressive insertion of said stem 8 into said cylinder housing 10;
- the progressive rotation A of said plough tongue 2 around said fulcrum hinge 6;
- the translation of said hydraulic cylinder 7 inside said cavity 13,
- the lifting of the plough body 100 with respect to said obstacle.
Still with reference to Figure 2-4, said plough tongue 2 comprises a slot 14, engaged by the pin 9 of said stem 8.
While the plough tongue 2 rotates around said fulcrum hinge 6 and, with it, said slot 14 also rotates on the vertical plane, keeping said pin 9 inside it, the head of the pin 9 is forced to move along the curvilinear trajectory δ of the eccentric profile of the frame element 5.
The length of said slot 14 defines the limit position of said pin 9 along the trajectory δ defined by the profile of said frame element 5, and therefore the maximum rotation of the plough tongue 2 around said fulcrum hinge 6.
The position of said stop elements 15a, 15b on the plough tongue 2 and the length of said cavity 13, on the other hand, determine the extent of the maximum rotation B that the arms 3a, 3b can make with respect to the respective hinges 11a, 11b, thereby advantageously increasing the lifting position of the ploughshare unit, with respect to the obstacle in the ground, achieved by means of the rotation A of the entire plough tongue-arm assembly around the fulcrum hinge 6.
Two different rotations are thereby combined: a first rotation A involves the plough tongue assembly and takes place around said fulcrum hinge 6; a second rotation B involves each individual arm 3a, 3b and takes place around the respective hinges 11a, 11b. This combination gives rise to an eccentric rotation in space by each individual ploughshare unit.
With the plough body 100 rotated thru 180° around the horizontal axis of symmetry of the ploughshare units, the work of the safety device is identical but operates on the other ploughshare unit.
The eccentric profile of said frame element 5 and the arrangement of said plough tongue 2, with the stop elements 15a, 15b and the hinges 11a,
11b of the arms 3a, 3b, are in fact symmetrical to a plane passing through the rotation axis x of said fulcrum hinge 6 and the longitudinal axis y of the stem 8 of said hydraulic cylinder 7.
With reference to the cross-section along a horizontal plane shown in
Figure 7 and to the side view shown in Figure 8, said fulcrum hinge 6 comprises an articulated joint.
Said articulated joint is made by means of a spherical cavity 16, obtained in said frame element 5, within which a complementary spherical head 17 provided on said plough tongue 2 is free to rotate, so as to allow minimum rotations of said plough tongue 2 in space with respect to said frame element 5, resulting in less stiffness of the structure. These rotations are absorbed by the stem 8 of the hydraulic cylinder 7, which may be free to penetrate into its cylinder housing 10, without compromising the work of the safety system.
The hydraulic cylinder 7 is connected to an oleo-pneumatic circuit, comprising a tank (not shown) containing an inert gas under pressure, such as nitrogen. Said tank is provided with an internal membrane defining a first chamber containing oil, and a second adjacent chamber containing the gas. The hydraulic circuit is of a known type and essentially features a joint between the tank and the hose that connects it to the cylinder 7.
The hydraulic circuit is then set, by means of a safety valve, to a working pressure defining the intervention threshold of the safety system.
Said valve is adapted to put into communication the tank and the hydraulic cylinder 7 only when a threshold value of the oil pressure generated by the rotation imparted to said plough body 100 by an obstacle is exceeded.

Claims

1. A reversible plough (1) with an improved safety system, wherein said plough (1) comprises a plurality of plough bodies (100), each comprising a frame element (5), a plough tongue (2) supporting ploughshare units (4a, 4b) by means of two respective arms (3a, 3b), wherein said plough tongue (2) is connected to said frame element (5) by means of a fulcrum hinge (6), and a safety system to allow the lifting of the plough body (100) around said fulcrum hinge (6), in case of impact of the ploughshare units (4a, 4b) against an obstacle, wherein said safety system comprises:
- a hydraulic cylinder (7), associated with said plough tongue (2), comprising a stem (8) the head thereof being provided with a pin (9) movable in a slot (14) of said plough tongue (2), and a cylinder housing (10) within which said stem (8) can slide;
- a seat (19) obtained in said frame element (5) along a curved profile thereof,
wherein, with the plough body (100) in operating position, the pin (9) of said head is stably housed in said seat (19) and said stem (8) is in extended position out of the cylinder housing (10), while in the position of intervention of said safety system, the pin (9) of said head is in outer position with respect to said seat (19), movable in said slot and along a curvilinear trajectory defined by the curved profile of said frame element (5), so as to cause progressive insertion of said stem (8) into said cylinder housing (10) and progressive rotation of said plough tongue around said fulcrum hinge (6);
wherein:
- said plough tongue (2) comprises a cavity (13) adapted to contain said hydraulic cylinder (7), so that the same is freely slidable therein;
- said arms (3a, 3b) are rotatably associated with said plough tongue (2) by means of two corresponding hinges (11a, 1 b);
- said arms (3a, 3b) are associated with the cylinder housing (10) of said hydraulic cylinder (7) by means of two corresponding connecting rods (12a, 12b), therefore, in the position of intervention of said safety system, said arms (3a, 3b), due to the thrusting force of said obstacle against one of said ploughshare units (4a, 4b), rotate around said hinges (11a, 11b) causing the translation of the cylinder housing (10) of said hydraulic cylinder (7) inside said cavity (13), and producing a further progressive insertion of said stem (8) in said cylinder housing (10) and a further lifting of the plough body (100) with respect to said obstacle.
2. The reversible plough (1) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the profile of said frame element (5) on which said pin (9) slides is an eccentric profile with respect to said fulcrum hinge.
3. The reversible plough (1) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the profile of said frame element (5) and said plough tongue (2) are symmetrical to a plane passing through the rotation axis (x) of said fulcrum hinge (6) and the longitudinal axis (y) of the stem (8) of said hydraulic cylinder (7).
4. The reversible plough (1) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the length of said slot (14), through which the pin (9) of said stem (8) protrudes, is adapted to define the limit position of said pin (9) along the trajectory defined by the profile of said frame element (5).
5. The reversible plough (1) according to claim 1 , characterized in that said plough tongue (2) comprises two stop elements (15a, 15b), one for each arm (3a, 3b), adapted to keep said arms fixed with respect to said hinges (11a, 11b), when the plough body (100) is in operating position.
6. The reversible plough (1) according to claim 1 , characterized in that each connecting rod (12a, 12b) has a first end rotatably associated at the same time with the one of the other connecting rod (12b, 12a) and with the cylinder housing (10) of said hydraulic cylinder (7) by means of a hinge (18), and a second end rotatably associated with said arm (3a, 3b), so that said arms (3a, 3b) rotate simultaneously with respect to the respective hinges (11a, 11b).
7. The reversible plough (1) according to claim 1 , characterized in that said fulcrum hinge (6) comprises an articulated joint.
8. The reversible plough (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that said articulated joint is made by means of a spherical cavity (16) obtained in said frame element (5), within which a complementary spherical head (17) provided on said plough tongue (2) is free to rotate, so as to allow minimum rotations of said plough tongue (2) in space with respect to said frame element (5).
9. The reversible plough (1) according to claim 1 , characterized in that said hydraulic cylinder (7) is connected to an oil storage tank comprising a variable volume chamber containing an inert gas under pressure.
10. The reversible plough (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that between the hydraulic cylinder (7) and the tank a valve is provided, which is adapted to put into communication said cylinder and said tank only when a threshold value of the oil pressure generated by the rotation imparted to said plough body (100) is exceeded.
PCT/IT2015/000274 2014-11-11 2015-11-10 A reversible plough with improved safety system WO2016075718A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITCR20140029 2014-11-11
ITCR2014A000029 2014-11-11

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020012513A1 (en) * 2018-07-10 2020-01-16 Moro Aratri S.R.L. Digging plough
CN115104394A (en) * 2022-06-23 2022-09-27 广东皓耘科技有限公司 Overload protection device and turnover plow

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3420315A (en) * 1966-02-18 1969-01-07 Deere & Co Roll-over two-way plow having novel safety standard
EP0516005A1 (en) * 1991-05-31 1992-12-02 BBG Bodenbearbeitungsgeräte Leipzig GmbH Plough with an overload safety device for plough legs
EP1856965A1 (en) * 2006-05-19 2007-11-21 Lemken GmbH & Co. KG Reversible plough with overload safety device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3420315A (en) * 1966-02-18 1969-01-07 Deere & Co Roll-over two-way plow having novel safety standard
EP0516005A1 (en) * 1991-05-31 1992-12-02 BBG Bodenbearbeitungsgeräte Leipzig GmbH Plough with an overload safety device for plough legs
EP1856965A1 (en) * 2006-05-19 2007-11-21 Lemken GmbH & Co. KG Reversible plough with overload safety device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020012513A1 (en) * 2018-07-10 2020-01-16 Moro Aratri S.R.L. Digging plough
CN115104394A (en) * 2022-06-23 2022-09-27 广东皓耘科技有限公司 Overload protection device and turnover plow

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