WO2016075588A1 - Stable amorphous daclatasvir dihydrochloride - Google Patents

Stable amorphous daclatasvir dihydrochloride Download PDF

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WO2016075588A1
WO2016075588A1 PCT/IB2015/058473 IB2015058473W WO2016075588A1 WO 2016075588 A1 WO2016075588 A1 WO 2016075588A1 IB 2015058473 W IB2015058473 W IB 2015058473W WO 2016075588 A1 WO2016075588 A1 WO 2016075588A1
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Prior art keywords
daclatasvir
amorphous form
dihydrochloride
reaction mixture
temperature
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PCT/IB2015/058473
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French (fr)
Inventor
Munish Kapoor
Anandam Vempali
Asok Nath
Mohan Prasad
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Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
    • A61K31/4178—1,3-Diazoles not condensed 1,3-diazoles and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. pilocarpine, nitrofurantoin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
    • C07B2200/13—Crystalline forms, e.g. polymorphs

Definitions

  • the present invention provides a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride and a process for its preparation.
  • the present invention also provides an amorphous form of daclatasvir and a process for its preparation.
  • Daclatasvir dihydrochloride is chemically designated as methyl ((lS)-l-((2S)-2- (5-(4'-(2-((2S)-l-((2S)-2-((methoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-methylbutanoyl)-2-pyrrolidinyl)- lH-imidazol-5-yl)-4-biphenylyl)-lH-imidazol-2-yl)-l-pyrrolidinyl)carbonyl)-2- methylpropyl)carbamate dihydrochloride, as depicted by Formula I.
  • Daclatasvir dihydrochloride is indicated for the treatment of hepatitis C in adults.
  • U.S. Patent No. 8,329,159 discloses a process for the preparation of daclatasvir by reacting N-(methoxycarbonyl)-L-valine, l-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride, and 5,5'-(4,4'-biphenyldiyl)bis(2-((2S)-2-pyrrolidinyl)-lH-imidazole).
  • This patent further describes the recrystallization of daclatasvir dihydrochloride using methanol/acetone solvents, followed by washing with a mixture of acetone and ethanol (2: 1), and drying under vacuum.
  • U.S. Patent No. 8,629, 171 discloses a crystalline and substantially pure form N-2 of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
  • U.S. Publication No. 2013/0172239 discloses an amorphous solid composition comprising an HCV inhibitor, a pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer, and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant.
  • the amorphous solid dispersion provides physical stability to prevent crystallization of the amorphous form.
  • the present invention provides a stable amorphous daclatasvir dihydrochloride and a simple, cost effective, and commercially advantageous process for the preparation thereof.
  • the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride is stable towards polymorphic conversion at ambient conditions.
  • the present invention also provides an amorphous form of daclatasvir and a process for its preparation.
  • the present invention provides a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
  • the present invention also provides a process for the preparation of a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride comprising the steps of:
  • aliphatic ester-HCl aliphatic ester- Hydrogen Chloride
  • step iii) stirring the reaction mixture of step ii) at a temperature of about 5°C to about 10°C;
  • the present invention also provides a process for the preparation of a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride comprising the steps of:
  • step ii) stirring the reaction mixture of step i) at a temperature of about 50°C to about 75°C;
  • the present invention also provides a process for the preparation of a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride comprising the steps of:
  • step i) optionally isolating daclatasvir from step i) followed by treating the daclatasvir solution with an aliphatic ester-HCl at a temperature of about 15°C to about
  • step iii) stirring the reaction mixture of step ii) at a temperature of about 50°C to about 75°C;
  • the present invention also provides an amorphous form of daclatasvir.
  • the present invention also provides a process for the preparation of an amorphous form of daclatasvir comprising the steps of:
  • the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising an amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride, its preparation, and its use in the treatment of hepatitis C.
  • Figure 1 X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern of an amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
  • Figure 1.1 X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern of an amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride after 6 months storage.
  • FIG. 1 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) plot of an amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
  • Figure 3 X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern of an amorphous form of daclatasvir.
  • stable refers to an amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride that remains stable towards conversion to crystalline forms at ambient temperature.
  • ambient temperature refers to a temperature in the range of about 20°C to about 35°C.
  • treating includes adding, dissolving, slurrying, stirring, and combinations thereof.
  • isolated includes precipitation, cooling, filtration, concentration, centrifugation, and combinations thereof, followed by drying. Drying may be carried out under reduced pressure, vacuum tray drying, or air drying.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
  • the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride is characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern substantially as depicted in Figure 1.
  • the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride is characterized by a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) plot substantially as depicted in Figure 2.
  • DSC differential scanning calorimetry
  • step iii) stirring the reaction mixture of step ii) at a temperature of about 5°C to about 10°C;
  • the daclatasvir solution is prepared by dissolving daclatasvir base in an aliphatic ester, then treating with activated charcoal, followed by filtration.
  • the aliphatic ester is selected from ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, and propyl acetate.
  • the filtration of the daclatasvir solution can be performed though a Hyflo ® bed.
  • the filtrate is cooled to about 5°C to about 10°C followed by the addition of the aliphatic ester-HCl.
  • the aliphatic ester-HCl can be about 4% (w/w) to about 10% (w/w) of HC1 gas in an aliphatic ester.
  • the aliphatic ester-HCl is selected from ethyl acetate-HCl, methyl acetate-HCl, and propyl acetate-HCl.
  • the aliphatic ketone is added at a temperature of about 5°C to about 10°C, and the reaction mixture is stirred for about 3 hours at a temperature of about 5 °C to about 10°C.
  • the aliphatic ketone can be selected from acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and diethyl ketone.
  • the isolation of the amorphous daclatasvir dihydrochloride can be carried out by precipitation, cooling, filtration, concentration, centrifugation, or combinations thereof, followed by drying. Drying can be carried out by drying under reduced pressure, vacuum tray drying, or air drying. Drying can be carried out at a temperature of about 45 °C to about 50°C for about 10 hours to about 15 hours.
  • the isolation of the amorphous daclatasvir dihydrochloride is carried out by filtration followed by drying at a temperature of about 45 °C to about 50°C for about 12 hours.
  • the daclatasvir solution is prepared by dissolving daclatasvir base in ethyl acetate while heating at a temperature of about 45 °C to about 50°C.
  • activated carbon is added while stirring, then the mixture is filtered through a Hyflo ® bed.
  • the filtrate is cooled to about 5°C to about 10°C, followed by the slow addition of ethyl acetate-HCl.
  • the resultant slurry is stirred, followed by the addition of acetone, then stirring for about 3 hours at about 5°C to about 10°C.
  • the obtained solid is filtered, then washed with methyl fert-butyl ether at ambient temperature, and then dried under reduced pressure at about 45°C to about 50°C for about 12 hours to obtain the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides a process for the preparation of a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride comprising the steps of:
  • step ii) stirring the reaction mixture of step i) at a temperature of about 50°C to about 75°C;
  • the daclatasvir solution is prepared by dissolving daclatasvir in an aliphatic ester, then treating with activated charcoal, followed by filtration.
  • the aliphatic ester is selected from ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, and propyl acetate.
  • the daclatasvir solution is prepared by dissolving daclatasvir at a temperature of about 60°C to about 65°C.
  • the filtration of the daclatasvir solution is performed though a Hyflo ® bed.
  • the filtration of the daclatasvir solution is followed by washing with ethyl acetate, heated at about 45°C.
  • the aliphatic ester-HCl is about 4% (w/w) to about 10% (w/w) of HC1 gas in an aliphatic ester.
  • the aliphatic ester-HCl is selected from ethyl acetate-HCl, methyl acetate-HCl, and propyl acetate-HCl.
  • the isolation of the amorphous daclatasvir dihydrochloride is carried out by precipitation, cooling, filtration, concentration, centrifugation, or combinations thereof, followed by drying. Drying is carried out by drying under reduced pressure, vacuum tray drying, or air drying. Drying is carried out at a temperature of about 40°C to about 45 °C for about 15 hours.
  • the isolation of the amorphous daclatasvir dihydrochloride is carried out by filtration followed by drying at a temperature of about 40°C to about 45 °C for about 15 hours.
  • the daclatasvir solution is prepared by dissolving daclatasvir base in ethyl acetate while heating at a temperature of about 60°C to about 65 °C.
  • activated carbon is added while stirring, then the mixture is filtered through a Hyflo ® bed.
  • the reaction mixture is cooled to about 20°C to about 25°C, followed by the slow addition of ethyl acetate-HCl.
  • the resultant slurry is stirred for about 18 hours at about 65°C, followed by cooling to about 20°C.
  • the obtained solid is filtered, then washed, and then dried under reduced pressure at about 45°C for about 15 hours to obtain the amorphous form of daclatasvir
  • a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a process for the preparation of a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride comprising the steps of:
  • step i) optionally isolating daclatasvir from step i) followed by treating the daclatasvir solution with an aliphatic ester-HCl at a temperature of about 15°C to about 30°C;
  • step iii) stirring the reaction mixture of step ii) at a temperature of about 50°C to about 75°C;
  • 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis ⁇ 2-[(2S)- pyrrolidin-2-yl]-lH-imidazole ⁇ of Formula II is treated with N-methoxycarbonyl-L-valine in an organic solvent.
  • the organic solvent is selected from acetonitrile, acetone, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, propyl acetate, and the like.
  • 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis ⁇ 2-[(2S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl]-lH- imidazole ⁇ of Formula II is treated with N-methoxycarbonyl-L-valine at about 20°C to about 25°C.
  • the above reaction mixture is stirred for 20 hours at about
  • the above reaction mixture is added into water slowly at about 20°C to about 25°C.
  • isolation of daclatasvir is carried out by filtration and concentration.
  • the filtration is carried out by using filter media and is associated with washing with water.
  • the concentration is performed by drying under vacuum.
  • daclatasvir solution is prepared by dissolving daclatasvir at a temperature of about 60°C to about 65 °C.
  • the daclatasvir solution is treated with an aliphatic ester-
  • isolation of the amorphous daclatasvir dihydrochloride is performed by following the process described hereinabove in the third aspect of the present invention. Accordingly, N-methoxycarbonyl-L-valine is added to acetonitrile followed by slow addition of 1, ⁇ -carbonyldiimidazole. The reaction mixture is stirred at about 25 °C and 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis ⁇ 2-[(25)-pyrrolidin-2yl]-lH-imidazole ⁇ is added into the mixture, followed by stirring for 20 hours at about 75 °C. After completion of reaction, acetonitrile is completely recovered and fresh acetonitrile is added into the reaction mixture.
  • the reaction mixture is slowly added into deionized water at about 25 °C, and then stirred for about 3 hours.
  • the reaction mixture is filtered, then washed, and then dried to obtain daclatasvir.
  • the daclatasvir solution is prepared by dissolving daclatasvir base in ethyl acetate while heating at a temperature of about 60°C to about 65°C.
  • activated carbon is added while stirring, then the mixture is filtered through a Hyflo ® bed. After recovering half of the ethyl acetate from the filtrate, the reaction mixture is cooled to about 20°C to about 25°C, followed by the slow addition of ethyl acetate-HCl.
  • the resultant slurry is stirred for about 18 hours at about 65°C, followed by cooling to about 20°C.
  • the obtained solid is filtered, then washed, and then dried under reduced pressure at about 45 °C for about 15 hours to obtain the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
  • a fifth aspect of the present invention provides an amorphous form of daclatasvir.
  • the amorphous form of daclatasvir is characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern substantially as depicted in Figure 3.
  • a sixth aspect of the present invention provides a process for the preparation of an amorphous form of daclatasvir comprising the steps of:
  • reaction mixture is added into water slowly at about
  • isolation of daclatasvir is carried out by filtration followed by drying.
  • the filtration is carried out by using filter media and is associated with washing with water.
  • the concentration is performed by drying under vacuum.
  • N-methoxycarbonyl-L-valine is added to acetonitrile, followed by the slow addition of 1, ⁇ -carbonyldiimidazole.
  • the reaction mixture is stirred at about 25 °C and 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis ⁇ 2-[(25)-pyrrolidin-2yl]-lH-imidazole ⁇ is added into the mixture, followed by stirring for 20 hours at about 75 °C.
  • acetonitrile is completely recovered and fresh acetonitrile is added into the reaction mixture.
  • the reaction mixture is slowly added into deionized water at about 25 °C, and then stirred for about 3 hours.
  • the reaction mixture is filtered, then washed, and then dried to obtain a solid product.
  • a seventh aspect of the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising an amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and/or diluents.
  • An eighth aspect of the present invention provides the use of an amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, carriers, and/or diluents for the treatment of hepatitis C.
  • a ninth aspect of the present invention provides a process for manufacturing a pharmaceutical composition comprising mixing the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride together with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents, and/or excipients.
  • the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride prepared by the process of the present invention shows no change in XRPD pattern ( Figure 1.1) when stored at ambient temperature for a period of 6 months.
  • the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride according to the present invention is also stable without the addition of any excipients, carriers, or diluents.
  • the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride exhibits an XRPD pattern substantially as depicted in Figure 1 and a DSC plot substantially as depicted in Figure 2.
  • the amorphous form of daclatasvir exhibits an XRPD pattern substantially as depicted in Figure 3.
  • the starting material, 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis ⁇ 2-[(2S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl]-lH- imidazole ⁇ of Formula II or daclatasvir base can be prepared by any method known in the art, such as processes described in U.S. Patent Nos. 8,329,159 or 8,629,171, Indian Patent Application No. 3344/DEL/2014, or as described herein. N-methoxycarbonyl-L -valine and ⁇ , ⁇ -carbonyldiimidazole are commercially available.
  • X-ray diffraction patterns were recorded using a PANalytical ® X'pert PRO with X'celerator ® as the detector, 0.02 as step size, and 3-40° 2 ⁇ as range, using CuKa radiation.
  • Daclatasvir base (7 g) was added to ethyl acetate (105 mL), and the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes to 15 minutes at 25 °C.
  • the reaction mixture was heated to 45 °C to 50°C to obtain a clear solution.
  • Activated carbon (0.7 g) was added to the solution and the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes.
  • the reaction mixture was filtered through a Hyflo ® bed and then washed with ethyl acetate (15 mL) at 45 °C.
  • the filtrate obtained was cooled to 5°C to 10°C, and ethyl acetate-HCl (5% solution, 17.3 mL) was slowly added with stirring.
  • the resultant slurry was stirred for 15 minutes, then acetone (210 mL) was added, and then the solution was further stirred for 3 hours at 5°C to 10°C to obtain a solid.
  • the obtained solid was filtered, and then dried at 25°C under nitrogen atmosphere.
  • the solid was washed with methyl fert-butyl ether (70 mL) at room temperature, and then dried under reduced pressure (5 mmHg to 20 mmHg) at 45°C to 50°C for 12 hours to obtain the title product.
  • Daclatasvir base 50 g was added to ethyl acetate (900 mL) at 25°C and the mixture was heated to 60°C to 65 °C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 20 minutes to 30 minutes to obtain a clear solution. Activated carbon (2.5 g) was added to the above solution and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes to 40 minutes at 60°C to 65°C. The reaction mixture was filtered through a Hyflo ® bed, and then washed with ethyl acetate (2 x 100 mL) at 45°C. Ethyl acetate (450-500 mL) was recovered from the filtrate under vacuum at 60°C to 65°C.
  • the reaction mixture was cooled to 20°C to 25°C and 8% ethyl acetate-HCl was slowly added with stirring.
  • the resultant slurry was stirred for 16 hours to 18 hours at 60°C to 65°C, and then cooled to 20°C to 25°C under stirring for an hour to obtain a solid.
  • the obtained solid was filtered, then washed with ethyl acetate (200 mL), and then dried under vacuum at 25 °C for 2 hours. The solid was further dried under vacuum at 40°C to 45°C for 15 hours to obtain the title product.
  • N-Methoxycarbonyl-L-valine 80 g was added to acetonitrile (1L) at 20°C to 25°C, followed by the slow addition of 1, ⁇ -carbonyldiimidazole (80g). The reaction mixture was stirred for 40 minutes to 60 minutes at 25°C to 30°C. 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'- diylbis ⁇ 2-[(25)-pyrrolidin-2yl]-lH-imidazole ⁇ (50g) was added to the reaction mixture at 25°C to 30°C followed by stirring for 20 hours at 75°C to 80°C. After completion of the reaction, acetonitrile was completely recovered under vacuum at 50°C to 55°C.
  • Acetonitrile 50 mL was added into the reaction mixture and stirred for 10 minutes to 15 minutes at 50°C to 55°C to obtain a clear solution.
  • the reaction mixture was slowly added in deionized water (1L) at 20°C to 25°C.
  • the reaction mixture was stirred for 2 to 3 hours at 20°C to 25°C to obtain a solid.
  • the obtained solid was filtered, then washed with deionized water (2 x 150ml), and then dried under vacuum at 20°C to 25°C for 4 hours. The solid was further dried under vacuum at 40°C to 45°C for 15 hours to obtain the title product.

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Abstract

The present invention provides a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride and a process for its preparation. The present invention also provides an amorphous form of daclatasvir and a process for its preparation.

Description

STABLE AMORPHOUS DACLATASVIR DIHYDROCHLORIDE
Field of the Invention
The present invention provides a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride and a process for its preparation. The present invention also provides an amorphous form of daclatasvir and a process for its preparation.
Background of the Invention
Daclatasvir dihydrochloride is chemically designated as methyl ((lS)-l-(((2S)-2- (5-(4'-(2-((2S)-l-((2S)-2-((methoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-methylbutanoyl)-2-pyrrolidinyl)- lH-imidazol-5-yl)-4-biphenylyl)-lH-imidazol-2-yl)-l-pyrrolidinyl)carbonyl)-2- methylpropyl)carbamate dihydrochloride, as depicted by Formula I.
Figure imgf000002_0001
Formula I
Daclatasvir dihydrochloride is indicated for the treatment of hepatitis C in adults. U.S. Patent No. 8,329,159 discloses a process for the preparation of daclatasvir by reacting N-(methoxycarbonyl)-L-valine, l-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride, and 5,5'-(4,4'-biphenyldiyl)bis(2-((2S)-2-pyrrolidinyl)-lH-imidazole). This patent further describes the recrystallization of daclatasvir dihydrochloride using methanol/acetone solvents, followed by washing with a mixture of acetone and ethanol (2: 1), and drying under vacuum.
U.S. Patent No. 8,629, 171 discloses a crystalline and substantially pure form N-2 of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
U.S. Publication No. 2013/0172239 discloses an amorphous solid composition comprising an HCV inhibitor, a pharmaceutically acceptable hydrophilic polymer, and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant. The amorphous solid dispersion provides physical stability to prevent crystallization of the amorphous form. The present invention provides a stable amorphous daclatasvir dihydrochloride and a simple, cost effective, and commercially advantageous process for the preparation thereof. The amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride is stable towards polymorphic conversion at ambient conditions. The present invention also provides an amorphous form of daclatasvir and a process for its preparation.
Summary of the Invention
The present invention provides a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
The present invention also provides a process for the preparation of a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride comprising the steps of:
i) treating a daclatasvir solution with an aliphatic ester-HCl (aliphatic ester- Hydrogen Chloride) at a temperature of about 5°C to about 10°C; ii) adding an aliphatic ketone to the reaction mixture of step i);
iii) stirring the reaction mixture of step ii) at a temperature of about 5°C to about 10°C; and
iv) isolating the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
The present invention also provides a process for the preparation of a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride comprising the steps of:
i) treating a daclatasvir solution with an aliphatic ester-HCl at a temperature of about 15°C to about 30°C;
ii) stirring the reaction mixture of step i) at a temperature of about 50°C to about 75°C; and
iii) isolating the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
The present invention also provides a process for the preparation of a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride comprising the steps of:
i) treating 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis{2-[(2S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl]-lH-imidazole} of Formula II
Figure imgf000004_0001
Formula II
with N-methoxycarbonyl-L -valine in the presence of Ι, Γ-carbonyldiimidazole; ii) optionally isolating daclatasvir from step i) followed by treating the daclatasvir solution with an aliphatic ester-HCl at a temperature of about 15°C to about
30°C;
iii) stirring the reaction mixture of step ii) at a temperature of about 50°C to about 75°C; and
iv) isolating the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
The present invention also provides an amorphous form of daclatasvir.
The present invention also provides a process for the preparation of an amorphous form of daclatasvir comprising the steps of:
i) treating 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis{2-[(2S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl]-lH-imidazole} of Formula II
Figure imgf000004_0002
Formula II
with N-methoxycarbonyl-L -valine in the presence of Ι, Γ-carbonyldiimidazole; ii) adding the reaction mixture of step i) to water; and
iii) isolating the amorphous form of daclatasvir.
The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising an amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride, its preparation, and its use in the treatment of hepatitis C.
Brief Description of the Drawings
Figure 1 : X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern of an amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride. Figure 1.1 : X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern of an amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride after 6 months storage.
Figure 2: Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) plot of an amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
Figure 3 : X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern of an amorphous form of daclatasvir.
Detailed Description of the Invention
Various embodiments and variants of the present invention are described hereinafter.
The term "about," as used herein, refers to any value which lies within the range defined by a variation of up to ±10% of the value.
The term "stable," as used herein, refers to an amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride that remains stable towards conversion to crystalline forms at ambient temperature.
The term "ambient temperature," as used herein, refers to a temperature in the range of about 20°C to about 35°C.
The term "treating" includes adding, dissolving, slurrying, stirring, and combinations thereof.
The term "isolating" includes precipitation, cooling, filtration, concentration, centrifugation, and combinations thereof, followed by drying. Drying may be carried out under reduced pressure, vacuum tray drying, or air drying.
A first aspect of the present invention provides a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
According to one embodiment of this aspect, the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride is characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern substantially as depicted in Figure 1.
In another embodiment, the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride is characterized by a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) plot substantially as depicted in Figure 2. A second aspect of the present invention provides a process for the preparation of a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride comprising the steps of:
i) treating a daclatasvir solution with an aliphatic ester-HCl at a temperature of about 5°C to about 10°C;
ii) adding an aliphatic ketone to the reaction mixture of step i);
iii) stirring the reaction mixture of step ii) at a temperature of about 5°C to about 10°C; and
iv) isolating the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
According to one embodiment of this aspect, the daclatasvir solution is prepared by dissolving daclatasvir base in an aliphatic ester, then treating with activated charcoal, followed by filtration.
In another embodiment, the aliphatic ester is selected from ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, and propyl acetate.
In another embodiment, the filtration of the daclatasvir solution can be performed though a Hyflo® bed.
In another embodiment, the filtrate is cooled to about 5°C to about 10°C followed by the addition of the aliphatic ester-HCl.
In another embodiment, the aliphatic ester-HCl can be about 4% (w/w) to about 10% (w/w) of HC1 gas in an aliphatic ester.
In another embodiment, the aliphatic ester-HCl is selected from ethyl acetate-HCl, methyl acetate-HCl, and propyl acetate-HCl.
In another embodiment, the aliphatic ketone is added at a temperature of about 5°C to about 10°C, and the reaction mixture is stirred for about 3 hours at a temperature of about 5 °C to about 10°C.
In another embodiment, the aliphatic ketone can be selected from acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and diethyl ketone.
In another embodiment, the isolation of the amorphous daclatasvir dihydrochloride can be carried out by precipitation, cooling, filtration, concentration, centrifugation, or combinations thereof, followed by drying. Drying can be carried out by drying under reduced pressure, vacuum tray drying, or air drying. Drying can be carried out at a temperature of about 45 °C to about 50°C for about 10 hours to about 15 hours. The isolation of the amorphous daclatasvir dihydrochloride is carried out by filtration followed by drying at a temperature of about 45 °C to about 50°C for about 12 hours.
Accordingly, the daclatasvir solution is prepared by dissolving daclatasvir base in ethyl acetate while heating at a temperature of about 45 °C to about 50°C. To this solution, activated carbon is added while stirring, then the mixture is filtered through a Hyflo® bed. The filtrate is cooled to about 5°C to about 10°C, followed by the slow addition of ethyl acetate-HCl. The resultant slurry is stirred, followed by the addition of acetone, then stirring for about 3 hours at about 5°C to about 10°C. The obtained solid is filtered, then washed with methyl fert-butyl ether at ambient temperature, and then dried under reduced pressure at about 45°C to about 50°C for about 12 hours to obtain the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a process for the preparation of a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride comprising the steps of:
i) treating a daclatasvir solution with an aliphatic ester-HCl at a temperature of about 15°C to about 30°C;
ii) stirring the reaction mixture of step i) at a temperature of about 50°C to about 75°C; and
iii) isolating the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
According to one embodiment of this aspect, the daclatasvir solution is prepared by dissolving daclatasvir in an aliphatic ester, then treating with activated charcoal, followed by filtration.
In another embodiment, the aliphatic ester is selected from ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, and propyl acetate.
In another embodiment, the daclatasvir solution is prepared by dissolving daclatasvir at a temperature of about 60°C to about 65°C.
In another embodiment, the filtration of the daclatasvir solution is performed though a Hyflo® bed.
In another embodiment, the filtration of the daclatasvir solution is followed by washing with ethyl acetate, heated at about 45°C. In another embodiment, the aliphatic ester-HCl is about 4% (w/w) to about 10% (w/w) of HC1 gas in an aliphatic ester.
In another embodiment, the aliphatic ester-HCl is selected from ethyl acetate-HCl, methyl acetate-HCl, and propyl acetate-HCl.
In another embodiment, the isolation of the amorphous daclatasvir dihydrochloride is carried out by precipitation, cooling, filtration, concentration, centrifugation, or combinations thereof, followed by drying. Drying is carried out by drying under reduced pressure, vacuum tray drying, or air drying. Drying is carried out at a temperature of about 40°C to about 45 °C for about 15 hours.
The isolation of the amorphous daclatasvir dihydrochloride is carried out by filtration followed by drying at a temperature of about 40°C to about 45 °C for about 15 hours.
Accordingly, the daclatasvir solution is prepared by dissolving daclatasvir base in ethyl acetate while heating at a temperature of about 60°C to about 65 °C. To this solution, activated carbon is added while stirring, then the mixture is filtered through a Hyflo® bed. After recovering half of the ethyl acetate from the filtrate, the reaction mixture is cooled to about 20°C to about 25°C, followed by the slow addition of ethyl acetate-HCl. The resultant slurry is stirred for about 18 hours at about 65°C, followed by cooling to about 20°C. The obtained solid is filtered, then washed, and then dried under reduced pressure at about 45°C for about 15 hours to obtain the amorphous form of daclatasvir
dihydrochloride.
A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a process for the preparation of a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride comprising the steps of:
i) treating 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis{2-[(2S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl]-lH-imidazole} of Formula II
Figure imgf000008_0001
Formula II
with N-methoxycarbonyl-L -valine in the presence of Ι, Γ-carbonyldiimidazole; ii) optionally isolating daclatasvir from step i) followed by treating the daclatasvir solution with an aliphatic ester-HCl at a temperature of about 15°C to about 30°C;
iii) stirring the reaction mixture of step ii) at a temperature of about 50°C to about 75°C; and
iv) isolating the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
According to one embodiment of this aspect, 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis{2-[(2S)- pyrrolidin-2-yl]-lH-imidazole} of Formula II is treated with N-methoxycarbonyl-L-valine in an organic solvent.
In another embodiment, the organic solvent is selected from acetonitrile, acetone, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, propyl acetate, and the like.
In another embodiment, 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis{2-[(2S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl]-lH- imidazole} of Formula II is treated with N-methoxycarbonyl-L-valine at about 20°C to about 25°C.
In another embodiment, the above reaction mixture is stirred for 20 hours at about
75°C to about 80°C.
In another embodiment, the above reaction mixture is added into water slowly at about 20°C to about 25°C.
In another embodiment, isolation of daclatasvir is carried out by filtration and concentration.
In general, the filtration is carried out by using filter media and is associated with washing with water. The concentration is performed by drying under vacuum.
In another embodiment, daclatasvir solution is prepared by dissolving daclatasvir at a temperature of about 60°C to about 65 °C.
In another embodiment, the daclatasvir solution is treated with an aliphatic ester-
HCl by following the process described hereinabove in the third aspect of the present invention.
In another embodiment, isolation of the amorphous daclatasvir dihydrochloride is performed by following the process described hereinabove in the third aspect of the present invention. Accordingly, N-methoxycarbonyl-L-valine is added to acetonitrile followed by slow addition of 1, Γ -carbonyldiimidazole. The reaction mixture is stirred at about 25 °C and 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis{2-[(25)-pyrrolidin-2yl]-lH-imidazole} is added into the mixture, followed by stirring for 20 hours at about 75 °C. After completion of reaction, acetonitrile is completely recovered and fresh acetonitrile is added into the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture is slowly added into deionized water at about 25 °C, and then stirred for about 3 hours. The reaction mixture is filtered, then washed, and then dried to obtain daclatasvir. The daclatasvir solution is prepared by dissolving daclatasvir base in ethyl acetate while heating at a temperature of about 60°C to about 65°C. To this solution, activated carbon is added while stirring, then the mixture is filtered through a Hyflo® bed. After recovering half of the ethyl acetate from the filtrate, the reaction mixture is cooled to about 20°C to about 25°C, followed by the slow addition of ethyl acetate-HCl. The resultant slurry is stirred for about 18 hours at about 65°C, followed by cooling to about 20°C. The obtained solid is filtered, then washed, and then dried under reduced pressure at about 45 °C for about 15 hours to obtain the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
A fifth aspect of the present invention provides an amorphous form of daclatasvir.
According to one embodiment of this aspect, the amorphous form of daclatasvir is characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern substantially as depicted in Figure 3.
A sixth aspect of the present invention provides a process for the preparation of an amorphous form of daclatasvir comprising the steps of:
i) treating 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis{2-[(2S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl]-lH-imidazole} of Formula II
Figure imgf000010_0001
Formula II
with N-methoxycarbonyl-L-valine in the presence of 1, 1' -carbonyldiimidazole; ii) adding the reaction mixture of step i) to water; and
iii) isolating the amorphous form of daclatasvir. According to one embodiment of this aspect, 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis{2-[(2S)- pyrrolidin-2-yl]-lH-imidazole} of Formula II is treated with N-methoxycarbonyl-L -valine by following the process described hereinabove in the fourth aspect of the present invention.
In another embodiment, the reaction mixture is added into water slowly at about
20°C to about 25 °C.
In another embodiment, isolation of daclatasvir is carried out by filtration followed by drying.
In general, the filtration is carried out by using filter media and is associated with washing with water. The concentration is performed by drying under vacuum.
Accordingly, N-methoxycarbonyl-L-valine is added to acetonitrile, followed by the slow addition of 1, Γ -carbonyldiimidazole. The reaction mixture is stirred at about 25 °C and 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis{2-[(25)-pyrrolidin-2yl]-lH-imidazole} is added into the mixture, followed by stirring for 20 hours at about 75 °C. After completion of reaction, acetonitrile is completely recovered and fresh acetonitrile is added into the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture is slowly added into deionized water at about 25 °C, and then stirred for about 3 hours. The reaction mixture is filtered, then washed, and then dried to obtain a solid product.
A seventh aspect of the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising an amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and/or diluents.
An eighth aspect of the present invention provides the use of an amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, carriers, and/or diluents for the treatment of hepatitis C.
A ninth aspect of the present invention provides a process for manufacturing a pharmaceutical composition comprising mixing the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride together with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents, and/or excipients.
The amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride prepared by the process of the present invention shows no change in XRPD pattern (Figure 1.1) when stored at ambient temperature for a period of 6 months. The amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride according to the present invention is also stable without the addition of any excipients, carriers, or diluents.
The amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride exhibits an XRPD pattern substantially as depicted in Figure 1 and a DSC plot substantially as depicted in Figure 2. The amorphous form of daclatasvir exhibits an XRPD pattern substantially as depicted in Figure 3.
The starting material, 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis{2-[(2S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl]-lH- imidazole} of Formula II or daclatasvir base can be prepared by any method known in the art, such as processes described in U.S. Patent Nos. 8,329,159 or 8,629,171, Indian Patent Application No. 3344/DEL/2014, or as described herein. N-methoxycarbonyl-L -valine and Ι,Γ-carbonyldiimidazole are commercially available.
While the present invention has been described in terms of its specific aspects and embodiments, certain modifications and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are intended within the scope of the present invention.
Method:
X-ray diffraction patterns were recorded using a PANalytical® X'pert PRO with X'celerator® as the detector, 0.02 as step size, and 3-40° 2Θ as range, using CuKa radiation.
DSC endotherms were recorded using Mettler Toledo® Star6, SW 11.0,
Temperature range 30°C to 300°C, Heating rate - 10°C/min., Nitrogen flow - 20.0 mL/min.
The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way.
EXAMPLES
Example 1: Preparation of a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride
Daclatasvir base (7 g) was added to ethyl acetate (105 mL), and the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes to 15 minutes at 25 °C. The reaction mixture was heated to 45 °C to 50°C to obtain a clear solution. Activated carbon (0.7 g) was added to the solution and the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes. The reaction mixture was filtered through a Hyflo® bed and then washed with ethyl acetate (15 mL) at 45 °C. The filtrate obtained was cooled to 5°C to 10°C, and ethyl acetate-HCl (5% solution, 17.3 mL) was slowly added with stirring. The resultant slurry was stirred for 15 minutes, then acetone (210 mL) was added, and then the solution was further stirred for 3 hours at 5°C to 10°C to obtain a solid. The obtained solid was filtered, and then dried at 25°C under nitrogen atmosphere. The solid was washed with methyl fert-butyl ether (70 mL) at room temperature, and then dried under reduced pressure (5 mmHg to 20 mmHg) at 45°C to 50°C for 12 hours to obtain the title product.
Dry weight: 6.6 g
Yield: 86%
Example 2: Preparation of a stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride
Daclatasvir base (50 g) was added to ethyl acetate (900 mL) at 25°C and the mixture was heated to 60°C to 65 °C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 20 minutes to 30 minutes to obtain a clear solution. Activated carbon (2.5 g) was added to the above solution and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes to 40 minutes at 60°C to 65°C. The reaction mixture was filtered through a Hyflo® bed, and then washed with ethyl acetate (2 x 100 mL) at 45°C. Ethyl acetate (450-500 mL) was recovered from the filtrate under vacuum at 60°C to 65°C. The reaction mixture was cooled to 20°C to 25°C and 8% ethyl acetate-HCl was slowly added with stirring. The resultant slurry was stirred for 16 hours to 18 hours at 60°C to 65°C, and then cooled to 20°C to 25°C under stirring for an hour to obtain a solid. The obtained solid was filtered, then washed with ethyl acetate (200 mL), and then dried under vacuum at 25 °C for 2 hours. The solid was further dried under vacuum at 40°C to 45°C for 15 hours to obtain the title product.
Dry weight: 46.3 g
Yield: 84.4%
Example 3: Preparation of daclatasvir
N-Methoxycarbonyl-L-valine (80 g) was added to acetonitrile (1L) at 20°C to 25°C, followed by the slow addition of 1, Γ-carbonyldiimidazole (80g). The reaction mixture was stirred for 40 minutes to 60 minutes at 25°C to 30°C. 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'- diylbis{2-[(25)-pyrrolidin-2yl]-lH-imidazole} (50g) was added to the reaction mixture at 25°C to 30°C followed by stirring for 20 hours at 75°C to 80°C. After completion of the reaction, acetonitrile was completely recovered under vacuum at 50°C to 55°C. Acetonitrile (50 mL) was added into the reaction mixture and stirred for 10 minutes to 15 minutes at 50°C to 55°C to obtain a clear solution. The reaction mixture was slowly added in deionized water (1L) at 20°C to 25°C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 to 3 hours at 20°C to 25°C to obtain a solid. The obtained solid was filtered, then washed with deionized water (2 x 150ml), and then dried under vacuum at 20°C to 25°C for 4 hours. The solid was further dried under vacuum at 40°C to 45°C for 15 hours to obtain the title product.
Dry weight: 73.28g
Yield: 83.9%
Based upon the experimental procedure of Example 3, the other similar experiments were performed. These are summarized in Table 1.
Table 1
Figure imgf000014_0001

Claims

We Claim:
1. A stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
2. The stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride of claim 1,
characterized by an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern substantially as depicted in Figure 1.
3. The stable amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride of claim 1,
characterized by a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) plot substantially as depicted in Figure 2.
4. A process for the preparation of the stable amorphous form of daclatasvir
dihydrochloride according to claim 1 comprising the steps of:
i) treating a daclatasvir solution with an aliphatic ester-HCl at a temperature of about 5 °C to about 10°C;
ii) adding an aliphatic ketone to the reaction mixture of step i);
iii) stirring the reaction mixture of step ii) at a temperature of about 5°C to about 10°C; and
iv) isolating the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
5. A process for the preparation of the stable amorphous form of daclatasvir
dihydrochloride according to claim 1 comprising the steps of:
i) treating the daclatasvir solution with an aliphatic ester-HCl at a temperature of about 15°C to about 30°C;
ii) stirring the reaction mixture of step i) at a temperature of about 50°C to about 75°C; and
iii) isolating the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
6. A process for the preparation of the stable amorphous form of daclatasvir
dihydrochloride according to claim 1 comprising the steps of:
i) treating 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis{2-[(2S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl]-lH-imidazole} of Formula II
Figure imgf000016_0001
Formula II
with N-methoxycarbonyl-L -valine in the presence of 1 , -carbonyldiimidazole; ii) optionally isolating daclatasvir from step i) followed by treating the daclatasvir solution with an aliphatic ester-HCl at a temperature of about 15°C to about 30°C;
iii) stirring the reaction mixture of step ii) at a temperature of about 50°C to about 75°C; and
iv) isolating the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride.
7. The process according to claim 4, 5, or 6, wherein the daclatasvir solution is
prepared by dissolving the daclatasvir base in an aliphatic ester.
8. The process according to claim 4, 5, or 6, wherein the aliphatic ester is selected from ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, and propyl acetate.
9. The process according to claim 4, 5, or 6, wherein the aliphatic ester-HCl is about 4% (w/w) to about 10% (w/w) of HC1 gas in an aliphatic ester.
10. The process according to claim 4, wherein the aliphatic ketone is selected from acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and diethyl ketone.
11. The process according to claim 4, 5, or 6, wherein the isolation of the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride is carried out by precipitation, cooling, filtration, concentration, centrifugation, or combinations thereof.
12. The process according to claim 11, wherein the isolation of the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride is carried out by filtration followed by drying.
13. An amorphous form of daclatasvir.
14. The amorphous form of daclatasvir of claim 13, characterized by an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern substantially as depicted in Figure 3.
15. A process for the preparation of an amorphous daclatasvir according to claim 13, comprising the steps of: i) treating 5,5'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis{2-[(2S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl]-lH-imidazole} of Formula II
Figure imgf000017_0001
Formula II
with N-methoxycarbonyl-L -valine in the presence of Ι, Γ-carbonyldiimidazole; ii) adding the reaction mixture of step i) to water; and
iii) isolating the amorphous form of daclatasvir.
16. The process according to claim 15, wherein the isolation of the daclatasvir is
carried out by filtration followed by drying.
17. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride according to claim 1 and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents, and/or excipients.
18. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 17, which can be used for the treatment of hepatitis C.
19. A process for manufacturing a pharmaceutical composition according to claim 17 comprising the amorphous form of daclatasvir dihydrochloride and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents, and/or excipients.
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