WO2016066109A1 - Procédé de stockage de données, et dispositif de stockage - Google Patents

Procédé de stockage de données, et dispositif de stockage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016066109A1
WO2016066109A1 PCT/CN2015/093117 CN2015093117W WO2016066109A1 WO 2016066109 A1 WO2016066109 A1 WO 2016066109A1 CN 2015093117 W CN2015093117 W CN 2015093117W WO 2016066109 A1 WO2016066109 A1 WO 2016066109A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
field
information
data
data information
storage
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PCT/CN2015/093117
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙承应
贾玮
肖锐
程小军
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阿里巴巴（中国）有限公司
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Publication of WO2016066109A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016066109A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/24—Querying
    • G06F16/245—Query processing
    • G06F16/2455—Query execution
    • G06F16/24553—Query execution of query operations
    • G06F16/24554—Unary operations; Data partitioning operations
    • G06F16/24557—Efficient disk access during query execution
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/22—Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
    • G06F16/221—Column-oriented storage; Management thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of data storage technologies, and in particular, to a data storage method and a storage device.
  • the retrieval of spatial data is a basic service, which is the main way for users to locate and obtain data. Faced with a large amount of collected spatial data, it is necessary to establish a suitable spatial data index to improve the retrieval speed, and provide a stable and reliable incremental index processing method to process the newly collected data.
  • the main early indexing methods include B-tree and hash index, lattice file and its deformation, quadtree and its deformation tree, kd tree and its deformation tree. R tree and its deformation tree.
  • the retrieval speed of spatial data is mainly determined by the number of coordinate points representing the position of spatial data and the index structure used.
  • the fewer coordinate points indicating the position of spatial data the numerical comparison positioning supported by spatial index structure.
  • the faster the speed the faster the retrieval of spatial data.
  • the spatial data retrieval service based on the above spatial data index has a relatively slow retrieval speed, and the retrieval performance is poor when the spatial data of the coordinate position of the compact identification position is relatively slow.
  • the invention provides a data storage method and a storage device, which solves the problem of low retrieval efficiency in a big data environment.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a data storage method, including:
  • the first data information is stored on the storage device.
  • the method further includes:
  • the second data information is stored on the storage device.
  • the method further includes:
  • the method further comprises: saving the index table on the storage device, a server, or an internal memory.
  • the storing the to-be-stored data information on the storage device includes:
  • the data to be stored is saved in the reserved consecutive positions.
  • the method when performing data retrieval, the method further includes:
  • the data information is read to the determined location of the storage device.
  • the method further comprises:
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a server, including:
  • a reading unit configured to read first field information of the data information to be stored
  • a creating unit configured to count the number of the first data information in which the first field value is N, and reserve a storage location for the first data information on the storage device according to the number of the first data information, and construct the An index table of a first field and a storage location of the first data information;
  • a storage unit that stores the first data information on the storage device.
  • the reading unit is further configured to read second field information of the data information to be stored;
  • the creating unit is further configured to count the number of the second data information that the first field value is N and the second field value is H, and the number of the second data information is the Resetting a storage location of the second data information; constructing an index table of the storage locations of the first field and the second field and the second data information;
  • the storage unit is further configured to store the second data information on the storage device.
  • the storage unit is further configured to save the index table on the storage device, a server, or a memory.
  • the storage unit is further configured to reserve a continuous location on the storage device for the data to be stored with the same first field value, and save the to-be-stored data information in the reserved Continuous position.
  • the server further includes:
  • a determining unit configured to determine first field information of the data to be retrieved according to the retrieved data information, retrieve the index table, and determine, according to the first field information, the data information The location in the storage device;
  • the reading unit is further configured to read the data information to a location of the determined storage device.
  • the reading unit is further configured to separately read information of the second field and the third field at the determined storage device location, and the information of the read the second field and the first The information of the three fields is merged to obtain the information that needs to be retrieved.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a data storage device, including:
  • a plurality of first storage areas configured to store the to-be-stored data information according to an index table, where the index table includes first field information of data information to be stored and reserved by the storage device for the to-be-stored data information. location information;
  • the first storage area further includes a plurality of second storage areas, and the second storage area is configured to store field information of the data information stored in the first storage area.
  • the data storage method and the storage device provided by the embodiment of the present invention store the related fields of the data information according to a specific index rule, and store the data related to the index field in a centralized area of the disk to avoid data reading.
  • a large number of random read operations of the disk can reduce the storage and usage cost of the index;
  • the fields of the data information are stored in columns.
  • the data is retrieved, only the determined data columns can be read, the data reading overhead is reduced, and the data retrieval performance can be optimized as much as possible from the row and column directions.
  • FIG. 1 is a first flowchart of a data storage method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a second flowchart of a data storage method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a server according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a data storage method, including:
  • the acquired data information needs to be reclassified and then stored.
  • the data information acquired in a fixed period (for example, 1 hour) needs to be stored in the corresponding storage device.
  • the storage device may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a hard disk, a cloud storage device, a fixed hard disk, or the like.
  • the server can read the acquired data information one by one, and fetch the first field information in each piece of data information one by one.
  • the first field information may be any field information in the data information, such as information of any field such as: campaign_id, ad_slot_id, strategy_id, request_time, cookie_id, or url.
  • the first field information may be set in the field information of the data information according to the needs of the search.
  • the server After the server reads the first field information of the data to be stored, the number of data information with the same value of the first field is counted. If the value of the first field of the n data information is N, the storage device is reserved for n. Locations to store data information with a first field value of N.
  • the index table is constructed according to the first field information and the reserved location information.
  • the specific index table may include the location information corresponding to the data information with the first field value being N from 1 to n.
  • the second field information of the data information to be stored may be read according to requirements, and the second field information may be selected from the field of the data information according to the needs of the search, for example, selecting the campaign_id , ad_slot_id, strategy_id, request_time, cookie_id, or any field in the url.
  • the index table is constructed according to the first field information and the second field information and the reserved location information.
  • the specific index table may include a second data value corresponding to the first field value and a second field value corresponding to H.
  • the location information is from 1 to h
  • the first field value is N
  • the location information corresponding to the third data information of the second field value P is from h+1 to h+p.
  • other field information of the fourth data information may also be read according to the foregoing method, and after performing statistics, constructing other field information and an index table of reserved positions on the storage device, and The four data information is stored in the reserved location.
  • a continuous location is reserved on the storage device for the data information to be stored with the same value of the first field, and the data to be stored is saved in the pre-stored data.
  • a continuous position remaining; or a continuous location may be reserved on the storage device for the data to be stored in which the first field and the second field have the same value, and the to-be-stored data information is saved in the reservation Continuous position.
  • the index table may be stored on the storage device, the server, or the memory.
  • the location information of the data information to be retrieved may be obtained from the index table according to the field information.
  • the first field information of the data to be retrieved may be determined according to the retrieved data information, for example, according to the focus of the search, the first field information is selected, such as Determining that the information of the first field is M, and then retrieving the index table, and storing the data information in the storage device according to the first field information of the value M in the first field information column of the index table. Location information, the data information is read to the determined location of the storage device.
  • the information of the second field and the third field is also needed to be read, and the information of the second field and the third field on the storage device are directly read, and then the read second field information and the third field information are performed. Combine to get the required search information.
  • each piece of data information when storing data information in a storage device, each piece of data information is split into one field for storage, for example, at a specific location in the storage device, and the data information is also distinguished.
  • Separate the different fields separately for example, in the nth position, distinguish the first field area, the second field area, and the third field area of the data information, respectively, the first field, the second field, and the third corresponding to the data information
  • the value of the finger end is stored in the first field area, the second field area, and the third field area.
  • the data information can be stored in the storage device according to rows and columns, and when searching, the specific field information of the specific location can be directly read, and then merged.
  • the data storage method provided by the embodiment of the present invention re-arranges the acquired data information and writes it to the storage device for storage. Specifically:
  • Table 1 The data shown in Table 1 needs to be stored according to the constructed index table, and then index retrieval is performed as needed. Specifically:
  • the server obtains the data information as shown in Table 1.
  • the data information includes at least a field such as a campaign_id, an ad_slot_id, a strategy_id, a request_time, a cookie_id, or a url:
  • the server reads the obtained data information one by one.
  • the index table may be constructed according to fields such as campaign_id and ad_slot_id. Specifically, the server reads the data with the value of 16331 in the campaign_id field, and the value of the value of the campaign_id field is 16331. There are four pieces of data information. The server reads the data with the value of 16332 in the campaign_id field, and counts that the value of the campaign_id field is 16332. There are two pieces of data information. Four physical locations are reserved for data with a campaign_id value of "16331", and two physical locations are reserved for data with a campaign_id value of "16332";
  • index table according to the foregoing statistics and settings, such as setting a field such as campaign_id and ad_slot_id, and according to the physical location required to count the specific value of the campaign_id field, and reserve a specific location space in the storage device.
  • the starting position reserved for the data information may be recorded in the index table.
  • Table 2 four physical locations are reserved for the data with the campaign_id value of “16331”, that is, from the location “1” to The position "4" reserves two physical positions for the data with the campaign_id value "16332", that is, from the position "5" to the position "6".
  • the data with the value of campaign_id being "16331”
  • the data start position of the ad_slot_id value of 2104 is "1”
  • the end position is "3”
  • the data of the campaign_id value is "16331”
  • the ad_slot_id value of 2105 is "4"
  • the end position is "4".
  • the read data is re-stored on the disk, as shown in Table 3.
  • Table 3 The position where the above data is stored on the disk coincides with the position described in the icon 3, and is arranged in the order of the set index fields.
  • one data record can be regarded as a row of data, and the row data includes complete data information, that is, contains all data field information, such as campaign_id, ad_slot_id, strategy_id, request_time, cookie_id, url. And other fields.
  • the stored data may also contain column information of the data. Set a field such as the campaign_id field, and the campaign_id field of all data constitutes the column information of the data.
  • the storage device [1, 3], [4, 4] and the like are also stored in a sub-area, such as storing the campaign_id field in the field1 area, and the field2 area and the save ad_slot_id field.
  • a sub-area such as storing the campaign_id field in the field1 area, and the field2 area and the save ad_slot_id field.
  • Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a data storage method. Assume that the data information stored in the storage device (disk) is as shown in Table 3. The server needs to query the data information with the value of the conference_id equal to 16331, and set the data information only to be read.
  • the three fields of campaign_id, strategy_id, and request_time are described as examples. Specifically:
  • the server sends an instruction to the storage device, requesting to retrieve data with a campaign_id value equal to 16331, and reading only three fields of a campaign_id, a strategy_id, and a request_time in the data information.
  • the server determines, according to the data information that is requested to be retrieved, that the first field is a Campaign_id field, and the value of the first field is 16331.
  • the server searches for a starting position of the data information whose value of the campaign_id is 16331 in the index table, as shown in Table 2.
  • the index table can be saved on the server, and the server directly performs the internal query, and the index table can also be saved in the index table.
  • the server can query the index table through the storage device, and the index table can also be saved on the third-party device, and the server can query the index table through the third-party device.
  • the server obtains the storage location of the data information with the campaign_id value of 16331 as [1, 4], and the server opens the column file storing the strategy_id field on the storage device, and reads the data at the location [1, 4];
  • the server opens a column file storing the request_time field on the storage device, and reads data on the location [1, 4];
  • the server combines the data of the read campaign_id, strategy_id, and request_time fields to obtain a query result.
  • Embodiment 4 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 4:
  • a server includes a reading unit 301, a creating unit 303, and a storage unit 305, wherein:
  • the reading unit 301 is configured to read first field information of the data information to be stored
  • a creating unit 303 configured to count the number of the first data information in which the first field value is N, and reserve a storage location for the first data information on the storage device according to the number of the first data information, An index table describing a first field and a storage location of the first data information;
  • the storage unit 305 stores the first data information on the storage device.
  • the reading unit 301 is further configured to read second field information of the data information to be stored;
  • the creating unit 303 is further configured to count the number of the second data information whose value of the first field is N and the value of the second field is H, and the storage device is used according to the number of the second data information. Determining a storage location of the second data information; constructing an index table of the storage locations of the first field and the second field and the second data information;
  • the storage unit 305 is further configured to store the second data information on the storage device.
  • the storage unit 305 is further configured to save the index table on the storage device, a server, or a memory.
  • the storage unit 305 is further configured to reserve a continuous location on the storage device for the data information to be stored with the same first field value, and store the data to be stored. Information is stored in consecutive locations of the reservation.
  • the server further includes a determining unit, configured to determine, according to the retrieved data information, first field information of the data to be retrieved, and retrieve the index table, when performing data retrieval, And determining, according to the first field information, a location of the data information in the storage device;
  • the reading unit 301 is further configured to read the data information to a location of the determined storage device.
  • the reading unit 301 is further configured to separately read information of the second field and the third field at the determined storage device location, and the reading the The information of the two fields and the information of the third field are combined to obtain the information that needs to be retrieved.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a storage device 400 including a plurality of first storage areas 402 and a plurality of second storage areas 404, wherein:
  • a plurality of first storage areas 402 configured to store the to-be-stored data information according to an index table, where the index table includes first field information of data information to be stored and the storage device reserves for the to-be-stored data information.
  • the first storage area 402 further includes a plurality of second storage areas 404 for storing field information of the data information stored in the first storage area.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage device, where the storage device includes a memory 501 and a processor 503, where the memory 501 is configured to store a code, where the code includes: reading data information to be stored. a first field information, a number of the first data information whose first field value is N, and a storage location for the first data information on the storage device according to the number of the first data information, An index table of a first field and a storage location of the first data information; storing the first data information on the storage device;
  • the processor 503 is configured to execute code stored in the memory 501.
  • the code stored by the memory 601 may further include: reading second field information of the data information to be stored; and counting that the first field value is N and the second field value is H. And storing, by the number of the second data information, a storage location for the second data information on the storage device according to the number of the second data information; constructing the first field and the second field and the second data An index table of storage locations of information; storing the second data information on the storage device.
  • the code stored by the memory 501 may further include: distinguishing the first field area and the second field area from a storage location of the storage device; and the second data information The first field and the second field are respectively stored in the first field area and the second field area.
  • the code stored by the memory 501 may further include: saving the index table on the storage device, a server, or a memory.
  • the code stored in the memory 501 may further include: reserving a continuous location on the storage device for the data to be stored with the same value of the first field; The stored data information is stored in consecutive locations of the reservation.
  • the code stored in the memory 501 may further include: determining first field information of the data to be retrieved according to the retrieved data information; and retrieving the index table, according to the first A field information determines a location of the data information in the storage device; the data information is read to the determined location of the storage device.
  • the code stored by the memory 501 may further include: respectively reading information of the second field and the third field at the determined storage device location; The information of the second field and the information of the third field are combined to obtain the information that needs to be retrieved.
  • the servers in the fourth embodiment, the storage devices in the fifth and sixth embodiments respectively correspond to the first, second, and third embodiments, and are not described in detail in the fourth embodiment and the fifth and sixth embodiments. Reference can be made to the descriptions in Embodiments 1, 2, and 3.
  • the size of the serial numbers in the above processes does not mean the order of execution sequence, and the order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not be taken by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the implementation process constitutes any qualification.
  • system and “network” are used interchangeably herein.
  • the term “and/or” in this context is merely an association describing the associated object, indicating that there may be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which may indicate that A exists separately, and both A and B exist, respectively. B these three situations.
  • the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the contextual object is an "or" relationship.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or may be Inherit to a system, or some features can be ignored, or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, or an electrical, mechanical or other form of connection.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into each unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • Computer readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another.
  • a storage medium can be any medium that can be accessed by a computer.
  • computer readable media may comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, disk media or other magnetic storage device, or can be used for carrying or storing in the form of an instruction or data structure.
  • any connection may suitably be a computer readable medium, for example, if the software is included using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (SDL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave.
  • Disks and discs as used in the present invention include compact discs (CDs), laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy discs, and Blu-ray discs, in which discs are generally magnetically replicated, while discs are Use a laser to optically replicate data. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of the computer readable media.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de stockage de données et un dispositif de stockage. Le procédé consiste à lire de premières informations de champ concernant des informations de données devant être stockées (S1) ; compter le nombre d'éléments de premières informations de données, la première valeur de champ étant N, pré-réserver un emplacement de stockage pour les premières informations de données sur un dispositif de stockage d'après le nombre d'éléments de premières informations de données, et créer une table d'indices des emplacements de stockage du premier champ et des premières informations de données (S2) ; et stocker les premières données d'informations sur le dispositif de stockage (S3). En utilisant le procédé de stockage de données et le dispositif de stockage selon l'invention, des données relatives à un champ d'indice sont stockées dans une zone de concentration d'un disque magnétique. Cela permet d'éviter un grand nombre d'opérations de lecture aléatoire d'un disque magnétique générées lors de la lecture des données, et de réduire les coûts de stockage et d'utilisation d'un indice.
PCT/CN2015/093117 2014-10-31 2015-10-28 Procédé de stockage de données, et dispositif de stockage WO2016066109A1 (fr)

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