WO2016065671A1 - 三档定位棘轮工具 - Google Patents

三档定位棘轮工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016065671A1
WO2016065671A1 PCT/CN2014/090786 CN2014090786W WO2016065671A1 WO 2016065671 A1 WO2016065671 A1 WO 2016065671A1 CN 2014090786 W CN2014090786 W CN 2014090786W WO 2016065671 A1 WO2016065671 A1 WO 2016065671A1
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Prior art keywords
hole
seat
mounting
disposed
switching
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PCT/CN2014/090786
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王伯勇
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绍兴环洲工具制造有限公司
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Publication of WO2016065671A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016065671A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/46—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical equipment, relates to a ratchet tool, and in particular to a three-speed positioning ratchet tool.
  • Ratchet tools are widely used in daily life, mainly for the removal or installation of fasteners.
  • the common ratchet wrench is a manual screw tightening tool.
  • the existing ratchet wrench includes a handle and a ratchet mechanism, and the ratchet mechanism includes a shank, a limiting tooth, a reversing member and a tooth thorn.
  • the limiting tooth is elastically mounted on the shank, the reversing member is sleeved on the shank, and the thorn a sleeve connection that is rotatable relative to the shank, the reversing member is provided with a top block for controlling the combination of the limiting tooth and the tooth thorn; the fitting portion of the thorn is provided with a mounting hole for assembling the arbor, and the bottom of the mounting hole Fixedly set with magnetic steel.
  • the ratchet wrench has many disadvantages.
  • the existing ratchet wrench generally has only two states of forward and reverse rotation, and the forward or reverse switching operation is inconvenient, the stability is poor, and the jamming during use is not It is strong and prone to slippage, which causes a lot of inconvenience when using the ratchet wrench.
  • a three-segment positioning ratchet wrench including: a body having a head including a circular first receiving groove and a recessed in the inner wall of the first receiving groove a driving body pivotally disposed in the first receiving groove, wherein a middle portion of the driving body forms an engaging portion, and the driving body is provided with a engaging portion and a drive shaft; a device, which is received in the second tank, And engaging with the driving body; a dialing member is disposed in the head, and is provided with a set of pivot holes pivotally disposed on the engaging portion of the driving body; a control member is provided with a set of holes Extending a control portion on one side, the sleeve hole is sleeved on the engaging portion of the driving body protruding from the through hole, and the control portion is adapted for the user to move to make the control member
  • the toggle member is rotated in link
  • the above solution improves some problems existing in the prior art to some extent, for example, the problem of only using the forward and reverse states, so that the ratchet wrench has three states of use, but the switching operation is inconvenient and the sensitivity is low.
  • the stability is poor, the card is not secure when used, and the technical problem such as slipping is easy to occur.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a three-speed positioning ratchet tool with reasonable design, simple structure, three working modes and convenient switching.
  • the third-position positioning ratchet tool includes a handle, and at least one end of the handle is provided with a mounting seat having a receiving groove, and the mounting seat is positioned by
  • the structure is provided with a cover plate for closing the accommodating groove, and the mounting seat is provided with a mounting hole communicating with the accommodating groove, wherein the mounting hole is provided with an axially fixed and circumferentially rotating rotating sleeve.
  • At least one end of the rotating sleeve is provided with a tool head located outside the mounting hole, and the rotating sleeve is circumferentially disposed with a ratchet wheel in the mounting hole and having a ratchet.
  • the receiving groove is hingedly mounted.
  • the mechanism is provided with two mutually opposite pawls, and the mounting seat is arranged in the receiving groove by the mounting structure and can be circumferentially swinged to control any one of the pawls and the ratchets to mesh with each other or two pawls
  • the switch seat meshes with the ratchet, the switch seat extends to one side of the mount, the other end abuts on the cover plate, and the switch seat and the cover plate
  • a switching locking mechanism for positioning the switching seat within the mount is provided.
  • the tool head in the structure can adopt a tool head in the form of a sleeve head or the like, and can be disposed at any one or both ends of the rotating sleeve, and realizes three working states of forward rotation, reverse rotation and locking by the swinging of the switching seat; The locking after the switching seat is swung by the switching locking mechanism makes the switching convenient.
  • the switching locking mechanism includes a receiving hole disposed at one end of the switching seat and abutting against the cover plate, and the end of the switching seat is provided at an outer end of the receiving hole.
  • the ball is provided with three locking grooves respectively matched with the balls, and the receiving holes are provided with a spring capable of abutting the balls in the locking grooves. That is, the positioning of the switch seat after the swinging of the switch seat is achieved by the ball abutting in the lock groove, so that the click brake is not strong and the slip phenomenon is not easy.
  • the locking grooves are arranged in a row in a row and a transition gap is provided between two adjacent locking grooves. Thereby, the balls are easily rolled from one locking recess into the other locking recess.
  • the mounting structure includes a through hole disposed on the mounting seat and communicating with the bottom of the receiving groove, the switching seat is inserted into the through hole, and the switching seat is One end is disposed outside the through hole, and the other end is disposed between the two pawls.
  • the two sides of the through hole are respectively provided with hinge columns corresponding to each other, and the switch seat is provided with two hinge columns.
  • Corresponding hinge holes, and the hinge posts are inserted in the hinge holes. That is, the middle portion of the switching seat is hingedly disposed in the through hole to realize the circumferential swing of the switching seat; in addition, in order to facilitate the swinging of the switching seat, the through hole here should be elongated.
  • the switching seat is T-shaped, and the end of the switching seat disposed outside the through hole is recessed inward to form an arc-shaped pressing portion.
  • the curved pressing portion is made easy to press, so that it is easy to control the switching seat swing.
  • the hinge mounting mechanism includes two arc-shaped notches respectively disposed at the ends of the receiving grooves, and the pawl ends have curved portions matching the curved notches. And the curved portion is rotatably disposed in the arcuate notch, and the pawl and the receiving groove are disposed to enable the pawl to have An elastic structure that faces the trend of ratcheting.
  • the elastic structure includes a conical spring disposed between the pawl and the accommodating groove, and the small end of the conical spring abuts against the side of the pawl
  • the large end of the conical spring is snap-fitted in a positioning notch located at a side of the receiving groove.
  • the positioning structure includes an annular concave platform circumferentially disposed on the mounting seat and located at the periphery of the receiving groove, and a through hole for the rotating sleeve to pass through is disposed on the cover plate. And the cover plate is disposed in the annular recess and is connected to the mounting seat by a fastener. This makes the tool structure more compact and the cover is positioned more firmly.
  • the two ends of the rotating sleeve are respectively provided with annular grooves, and the annular grooves are respectively engaged with an opening collar capable of axially positioning the rotating sleeve in the mounting hole. .
  • the snap ring is snapped into the annular groove such that the rotary sleeve is axially positioned within the mounting bore.
  • the mounting seat is disposed at any end of the handle and the mounting seat and the handle are connected in an integrated structure, and the other end of the handle is provided with a hanging hole.
  • the one-piece construction makes the tool structurally strong, and the hanging holes make it easy to store when the tool is idle.
  • the preferred embodiment of the third-speed positioning ratchet tool has the advantages of reasonable design, simple structure, three kinds of use states of forward rotation, reverse rotation and locking, convenient switching, high sensitivity and stability.
  • the card brake is strong and not easy to slip.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a three-speed positioning ratchet tool according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a three-position positioning ratchet tool according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a partial structural diagram of a three-position positioning ratchet tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • handle 1 suspension hole 11, mounting seat 2, receiving groove 21, through hole 211, hinge column 212, hinge hole 213, curved notch 214, curved portion 215, Conical spring 216, positioning notch 217, cover plate 22, mounting hole 23, annular recess 24, through hole 25, fastener 26, rotating sleeve 3, tool head 31, ratchet 32, ratchet 321 , annular groove 33
  • the third-position positioning ratchet tool includes a handle 1, and at least one end of the handle 1 is provided with a mounting seat 2 having a receiving slot 21, and the mounting base 2 is provided with a positioning structure for accommodating the slot 21
  • the cover plate 22 is provided with a mounting hole 23 communicating with the accommodating groove 21, and the mounting hole 23 is provided with an axially fixed and circumferentially rotating rotating sleeve 3, and at least one end of the rotating sleeve 3
  • the tool head 31 is disposed on the outer side of the mounting hole 23, and the ratchet wheel 32 is disposed on the outer side of the rotating sleeve 3 and has a ratchet tooth 321 in the mounting hole 23, and the two sides of the receiving groove 21 are provided by the hinge mounting mechanism.
  • the opposite pawl 4 is mounted on the mounting base 2 in a vertical direction in the accommodating groove 21 and can be circumferentially oscillated to control any one of the pawls 4 and the ratchet teeth 321 to engage with each other or two pawls 4 at the same time, the switching seat 5 meshes with the ratchet 321 , one end of the switching seat 5 extends to the outside of the mounting seat 2 , the other end abuts on the cover plate 22 and the switch seat 5 and the cover plate 22 are provided for the switch seat 5 A switching lock mechanism positioned in the mount 2.
  • the tool head 31 can be a tool head 31 in the form of a sleeve head or the like, and can be disposed at either or both ends of the rotary sleeve 3, and realizes three working states of forward rotation, reverse rotation and locking by the swinging of the switching seat 5.
  • the locking after the swinging of the switch seat 5 is realized by switching the locking mechanism, so that the switching is convenient.
  • the switching lock mechanism in this embodiment is disposed on the switch seat 5 and located on the cover plate 22 a receiving hole 51 at one end of the receiving seat 5 is provided at the end of the switching base 5 with a ball 52 at the outer end of the receiving hole 51.
  • the cover plate 22 is provided with three locking grooves 53 respectively matching the balls 52, and the receiving hole 51 is received.
  • a spring 54 capable of abutting the ball 52 against the locking groove 53 is provided, that is, the positioning of the switching seat 5 after the ball 52 is abutted in the locking groove 53 so that the clamping is firm and the sliding phenomenon is not easy to occur.
  • the locking grooves 53 are arranged in a row and a transition notch 55 is provided between the adjacent two locking grooves 53.
  • the mounting structure includes a through hole 211 disposed on the mounting base 2 and communicating with the bottom of the receiving slot 21, the switching seat 5 is inserted into the through hole 211, and one end of the switching base 5 is disposed outside the through hole 211, and the other end is worn. Between the two pawls 4, two opposite ends of the through hole 211 are respectively provided with hinge posts 212 corresponding to each other.
  • the switch seat 5 is provided with two hinge holes 213 corresponding to the hinge columns 212, and is hinged.
  • the post 212 is inserted into the hinge hole 213.
  • the middle portion of the switch base 5 is hingedly disposed in the through hole 211, thereby achieving circumferential swing of the switch seat 5.
  • the through hole 211 here should be elongated.
  • the switch seat 5 is T-shaped, and the end of the switch seat 5 disposed outside the through hole 211 is recessed inward to form an arc-shaped pressing portion 56, which can make the arc shape The pressing portion 56 facilitates pressing.
  • the hinge mounting mechanism herein includes two arcuate notches 214 respectively disposed at the ends of the receiving slots 21, the ends of the pawls 4 having an arcuate portion 215 matching the arcuate notches 214, and the arcuate portions 215 It is rotatably disposed in the arcuate notch 214, and an elastic structure is provided between the pawl 4 and the accommodating groove 21 to enable the pawl 4 to move toward the ratchet 32.
  • the elastic structure preferably includes a conical spring 216 disposed between the pawl 4 and the accommodating groove 21, the small end of the conical spring 216 abutting on a side portion of the pawl 4, the conical spring 216 The large end end is snapped into the positioning notch 217 located at the side of the accommodating groove 21.
  • the conical spring 216 can also take other forms of compression. Spring, no longer repeat here.
  • the positioning structure includes an annular recess 24 disposed circumferentially on the mounting seat 2 and located at the periphery of the receiving slot 21, and the cover 22 is provided with a through hole 25 through which the rotating sleeve 3 passes, and The cover plate 22 abuts against the annular recess 24 and is connected to the mounting seat 2 by fasteners 26, so that the tool structure is more compact and the cover plate 22 is positioned more firmly.
  • the two ends of the rotary sleeve 3 are respectively provided with annular grooves 33, and the annular grooves 33 are respectively engaged with the axial direction of the rotary sleeve 3 in the mounting hole 23.
  • the opening collar 34 that is, snapped into the annular groove 33 by the opening collar 34, causes the rotary sleeve 3 to be axially positioned within the mounting hole 23.
  • the mounting seat 2 is disposed at either end of the handle 1 and the mounting seat 2 and the handle 1 are connected in an integrated structure, and the other end of the handle 1 is provided with a hanging hole 11 .
  • the advantage is that the integrated structure makes the tool structurally strong.
  • the hanging hole 11 makes the tool easy to store when it is idle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
  • Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)
  • Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)

Abstract

一种三档定位棘轮工具，包括手柄(1)，手柄(1)至少一端设有具有容置槽(21)的安装座(2)，安装座(2)上设有盖板(22)，在安装座(2)上设有安装孔(23)，安装孔(23)内设有旋转套管(3)，旋转套管(3)至少一端设有工具头(31)，旋转套管(3)周向外侧设有具有棘齿(321)的棘轮(32)，容置槽(21)内设有两个棘爪(4)，安装座(2)上设有能周向摆动从而控制任意一个棘爪(4)与棘齿(321)相互啮合或两个棘爪(4)同时与棘齿(321)相啮合的切换座(5)，切换座(5)一端延伸至安装座(2)外侧，另一端抵靠设置在盖板(22)上，且切换座(5)与盖板(22)之间设有切换锁定机构。

Description

三档定位棘轮工具
本发明要求本申请人的下述中国专利申请的优先权：申请日为2014-10-28，名称为“批头推拉式拆装工具”，申请号为201410582693.X。
技术领域
本发明属于机械设备技术领域，涉及棘轮工具，尤其是涉及一种三档定位棘轮工具。
背景技术
棘轮工具在日常生活中的应用非常广泛，其主要是用于拆卸或安装紧固件类，例如常见的棘轮扳手是一种手动螺丝松紧工具。现有的棘轮扳手包括手柄和棘轮机构，其棘轮机构包括柄柱、限向齿、换向件和齿棘，限向齿弹性安装于柄柱，换向件套合在柄柱上，齿棘与柄柱可相对转动的套合连接，换向件上设有用于控制限向齿与齿棘结合的顶块；齿棘的配装部上开设有用于装配刀杆的安装孔，安装孔底部固定设置有磁钢。这种棘轮扳手存在着诸多不足，例如，现有的棘轮扳手一般只具有正向与反向转动两种使用状态，正向或反向切换操作不便，稳定性差，使用时的卡掣制动不牢固，易出现打滑现象，这就给棘轮扳手使用时造成了诸多不便。
为了解决现有技术存在的问题，人们进行了长期的探索，提出了各式各样的解决方案。例如，现有技术公开了一种三段定位的棘轮扳手，包括有:一本体,具有一头部,包括有一个圆形的第一容槽以及一个凹设在第一容槽内壁面的第二容槽；一驱动体,枢设在所述的第一容槽中,所述的驱动体的中段部位形成一啮合部,所述的驱动体设有一个卡合部和驱轴；一换向装置,其容置在所述的第二容槽中, 并与所述的驱动体产生啮合关系；一拨动件,设在头部内,且开设有一套合枢设在驱动体的卡合部上的枢孔；一控制件,设有一套孔并在一侧延伸一控制部,所述的套孔套设在驱动体凸出于所述的通孔的卡合部上,所述的控制部可供使用者拨动以使所述的控制件连动所述的拨动件转动；一定位装置,容置在控制件的控制部内,使所述的控制件能够在三个位置间移动。
上述方案在一定程度上改进了现有技术存在的部分问题，例如只具有正向与反向两种使用状态的问题，使得棘轮扳手具有三种使用状态，但是仍然存在着切换操作不便，灵敏度低，稳定性差，使用时的卡掣制动不牢固易出现打滑现象等技术问题。
技术问题
本发明的目的是针对上述问题，提供一种设计合理、结构简单、具有三种工作方式且切换方便的三档定位棘轮工具。
问题的解决方案
为达到上述目的，本发明的实施例采用了下列技术方案：本三档定位棘轮工具，包括手柄，所述的手柄至少一端设有具有容置槽的安装座，所述的安装座上通过定位结构设有用于将容置槽封闭的盖板，在安装座上设有与容置槽相连通的安装孔，所述的安装孔内设有轴向固定且周向转动的旋转套管，所述的旋转套管至少一端设有位于安装孔外侧的工具头，所述的旋转套管周向外侧设有位于安装孔内的且具有棘齿的棘轮，所述的容置槽内通过铰接安装机构设有两个相互对置的棘爪，所述的安装座上通过安装结构设有装于容置槽内且能周向摆动从而控制任意一个棘爪与棘齿相互啮合或两个棘爪同时与棘齿相啮合的切换座，所述的切换座一端延伸至安装座外侧，另一端抵靠设置在盖板上且所述的切换座与盖板之 间设有用于将切换座定位在安装座内的切换锁定机构。该结构中的工具头可以采用套筒头等形式的工具头，可以设置在旋转套管的任意一端或两端，通过切换座的摆动从而实现正转、反转与锁定三种工作状态；另外，通过切换锁定机构实现切换座摆动后的锁定，使得切换方便。
在上述的三档定位棘轮工具中，所述的切换锁定机构包括设置在切换座上，且位于与盖板相抵靠的一端的容置孔，在切换座端部设有位于容置孔外端的滚珠，所述的盖板上设有三个分别与滚珠相匹配的锁定凹槽，所述的容置孔内设有能将滚珠抵靠在锁定凹槽内的弹簧。即通过滚珠抵靠在锁定凹槽内实现切换座摆动后的定位，使得卡掣制动牢固不易出现打滑现象。
在上述的三档定位棘轮工具中，所述的锁定凹槽成排依次分布设置且相邻的两个锁定凹槽之间设有过渡缺口。由此，使得滚珠易于从一个锁定凹陷滚动到另一个锁定凹槽内。
在上述的三档定位棘轮工具中，所述的安装结构包括设置在安装座上且与容置槽底部相连通的通孔，所述的切换座插于通孔内，且所述的切换座一端设置在通孔外侧，另一端穿设在两个棘爪之间，在通孔的两侧分别设有相互对应设置的铰接柱，所述的切换座上设有两个与铰接柱一一对应的铰接孔，且所述的铰接柱插设在铰接孔内。即切换座中部铰接设置在通孔内从而实现切换座的周向摆动；另外，为了切换座便于摆动，这里的通孔应为长条状。
在上述的三档定位棘轮工具中，所述的切换座呈T形，且所述的切换座设置在通孔外侧的一端向内凹陷形成弧形按压部。这样，使得弧形按压部便于按压，从而易于控制切换座摆动。
在上述的三档定位棘轮工具中，所述的铰接安装机构包括分别两个设置在容置槽端部的弧形缺口，所述的棘爪端部具有与弧形缺口相匹配的弧形部，且所述的弧形部可转动设置在弧形缺口内，所述的棘爪与容置槽之间设有能使棘爪具有 朝向棘轮运动趋势的弹性结构。当切换座位于两个棘爪之间且切换座与棘爪不接触时，在弹性结构作用下两个棘爪同时与棘齿啮合实现锁定；当切换座摆动时，使得任意一个棘爪脱离棘轮从而实现正转或反转。
在上述的三档定位棘轮工具中，所述的弹性结构包括设置在棘爪与容置槽之间的锥形弹簧，所述的锥形弹簧的小头端抵靠设置在棘爪的侧部，所述的锥形弹簧的大头端卡接设置在位于容置槽侧部的定位缺口内。
在上述的三档定位棘轮工具中，所述的定位结构包括周向设置在安装座上且位于容置槽外围的环形凹台，在盖板上设有供旋转套管穿过的贯穿孔，且所述的盖板抵靠设置在环形凹台内且通过紧固件与安装座相连。使得本工具结构更加紧凑，盖板定位更加牢固。
在上述的三档定位棘轮工具中，所述的旋转套管两端分别设置环形槽，且所述的环形槽内分别卡接有能将旋转套管轴向定位于安装孔内的开口卡圈。通过开口卡圈卡接在环形槽内，使得旋转套管轴向定位在安装孔内。
在上述的三档定位棘轮工具中，所述的安装座设置在手柄的任意一端且所述的安装座与手柄连为一体式结构，所述的手柄的另一端设有悬挂孔。一体式结构使得本工具结构强度高，悬挂孔使得本工具闲置时便于存放。
发明的有益效果
与现有的技术相比，本三档定位棘轮工具的较优实施例的优点在于：设计合理，结构简单，具有正转、反转与锁定三种使用状态，切换方便，灵敏度高，稳定性好，卡掣制动牢固不易出现打滑现象。
对附图的简要说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的三档定位棘轮工具结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例提供三档定位棘轮工具的爆炸图；
图3是本发明实施例提供三档定位棘轮工具的局部结构示意图。
图1-3中，有关附图标记为：手柄1、悬挂孔11、安装座2、容置槽21、通孔211、铰接柱212、铰接孔213、弧形缺口214、弧形部215、锥形弹簧216、定位缺口217、盖板22、安装孔23、环形凹台24、贯穿孔25、紧固件26、旋转套管3、工具头31、棘轮32、棘齿321、环形槽33、开口卡圈34、棘爪4、切换座5、容置孔51、滚珠52、锁定凹槽53、弹簧54、过渡缺口55、弧形按压部56。
发明实施例
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步详细的说明。
如图1-3所示，本三档定位棘轮工具，包括手柄1，手柄1至少一端设有具有容置槽21的安装座2，安装座2上通过定位结构设有用于将容置槽21封闭的盖板22，在安装座2上设有与容置槽21相连通的安装孔23，安装孔23内设有轴向固定且周向转动的旋转套管3，旋转套管3至少一端设有位于安装孔23外侧的工具头31，旋转套管3周向外侧设有位于安装孔23内的且具有棘齿321的棘轮32，容置槽21内通过铰接安装机构设有两个相互对置的棘爪4，安装座2上通过安装结构设有沿竖直方向设置在容置槽21内且能周向摆动从而控制任意一个棘爪4与棘齿321相互啮合或两个棘爪4同时与棘齿321相啮合的切换座5，切换座5一端延伸至安装座2外侧，另一端抵靠设置在盖板22上且切换座5与盖板22之间设有用于将切换座5定位在安装座2内的切换锁定机构。这里的工具头31可以采用套筒头等形式的工具头31，可以设置在旋转套管3的任意一端或两端，通过切换座5的摆动从而实现正转、反转与锁定三种工作状态。另外，通过切换锁定机构实现切换座5摆动后的锁定，使得切换方便。
本实施例中的切换锁定机构包括设置在切换座5上，且位于与盖板22相抵 靠的一端的容置孔51，在切换座5端部设有位于容置孔51外端的滚珠52，盖板22上设有三个分别与滚珠52相匹配的锁定凹槽53，容置孔51内设有能将滚珠52抵靠在锁定凹槽53内的弹簧54，即通过滚珠52抵靠在锁定凹槽53内实现切换座5摆动后的定位，使得卡掣制动牢固不易出现打滑现象。为了使得滚珠52易于从一个锁定凹陷53滚动到另一个锁定凹槽53内，锁定凹槽53设置成一排且相邻的两个锁定凹槽53之间设有过渡缺口55。
这里的安装结构包括设置在安装座2上且与容置槽21底部相连通的通孔211，切换座5插于通孔211内，且切换座5一端设置在通孔211外侧，另一端穿设在两个棘爪4之间，在通孔211的两侧分别设有相互对应设置的铰接柱212，切换座5上设有两个与铰接柱212一一对应的铰接孔213，且铰接柱212插设在铰接孔213内。这样，切换座5中部铰接设置在通孔211内，从而实现切换座5的周向摆动。另外，为了切换座5便于摆动，这里的通孔211应为长条状。进一步地，为了便于控制切换座5摆动，优选地，这里的切换座5呈T形，且切换座5设置在通孔211外侧的一端向内凹陷形成弧形按压部56，这样可使得弧形按压部56便于按压。
进一步地，这里的铰接安装机构包括两个分别设置在容置槽21端部的弧形缺口214，棘爪4端部具有与弧形缺口214相匹配的弧形部215，且弧形部215可转动设置在弧形缺口214内，而棘爪4与容置槽21之间设有能使棘爪4具有朝向棘轮32运动趋势的弹性结构。当切换座5位于两个棘爪4之间且切换座5与棘爪4不接触时，在弹性结构作用下两个棘爪4同时与棘齿321啮合而实现锁定；当切换座5摆动使得任意一个棘爪4脱离棘轮321时，实现正转或反转。其中，优选地，弹性结构包括设置在棘爪4与容置槽21之间的锥形弹簧216，锥形弹簧216的小头端抵靠设置在棘爪4的侧部，锥形弹簧216的大头端卡接设置在位于容置槽21侧部的定位缺口217内。当然，锥形弹簧216也可采用其它形式的压缩 弹簧，在此不再赘述。
更一步地，这里的定位结构包括周向设置在安装座2上且位于容置槽21外围的环形凹台24，在盖板22上设有供旋转套管3穿过的贯穿孔25，且盖板22抵靠设置在环形凹台24内且通过紧固件26与安装座2相连，使得本工具结构更加紧凑，盖板22定位更加牢固。特别地，为了实现旋转套管3的轴向固定，旋转套管3两端分别设置环形槽33，且环形槽33内分别卡接有能将旋转套管3轴向定位于安装孔23内的开口卡圈34，即通过开口卡圈34卡接在环形槽33内使得旋转套管3轴向定位在安装孔23内。另外，这里的安装座2设置在手柄1的任意一端且安装座2与手柄1连为一体式结构，手柄1的另一端设有悬挂孔11，优点在于：一体式结构使得本工具结构强度高，悬挂孔11使得本工具闲置时便于存放。
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，但并不会偏离本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。
需指出的是，尽管本文较多地使用了手柄1、悬挂孔11、安装座2、容置槽21、通孔211、铰接柱212、铰接孔213、弧形缺口214、弧形部215、锥形弹簧216、定位缺口217、盖板22、安装孔23、环形凹台24、贯穿孔25、紧固件26、旋转套管3、工具头31、棘轮32、棘齿321、环形槽33、开口卡圈34、棘爪4、切换座5、容置孔51、滚珠52、锁定凹槽53、弹簧54、过渡缺口55、弧形按压部56等术语来描述本发明实施例涉及的结构及部件，但并不排除使用其它术语的可能性。使用这些术语仅仅是为了更方便地描述和解释本发明的本质,把它们解释成任何一种附加的限制都是与本发明精神相违背的。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种三档定位棘轮工具，包括手柄(1)，所述的手柄(1)至少一端设有具有容置槽(21)的安装座(2)，所述的安装座(2)上设有用于通过定位结构将容置槽(21)封闭的盖板(22)，在安装座(2)上设有与容置槽(21)相连通的安装孔(23)，所述的安装孔(23)内设有轴向固定且周向转动的旋转套管(3)，所述的旋转套管(3)至少一端设有位于安装孔(23)外侧的工具头(31)，所述的旋转套管(3)周向外侧设有位于安装孔(23)内的且具有棘齿(321)的棘轮(32)，所述的容置槽(21)内通过铰接安装机构设有两个相互对置的棘爪(4)，其特征在于，所述的安装座(2)上通过安装结构设有装于容置槽(21)内且能周向摆动从而控制任意一个棘爪(4)与棘齿(321)相互啮合或两个棘爪(4)同时与棘齿(321)相啮合的切换座(5)，所述的切换座(5)一端延伸至安装座(2)外侧，另一端抵靠设置在盖板(22)上，且所述的切换座(5)与盖板(22)之间设有用于将切换座(5)定位在安装座(2)内的切换锁定机构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的三档定位棘轮工具，其特征在于，所述的切换锁定机构包括设置在切换座(5)上，且位于与盖板(22)相抵靠的一端的容置孔(51)，在切换座(5)端部设有位于容置孔(51)外端的滚珠(52)，所述的盖板(22)上设有三个分别与滚珠(52)相匹配的锁定凹槽(53)，所述的容置孔(51)内设有能将滚珠(52)抵靠设置在锁定凹槽(53)内的弹簧(54)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的三档定位棘轮工具，其特征在于，所述的锁定凹槽(53)成排依次分布设置且相邻的两个锁定凹槽(53)之间设有过渡缺口(55)。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的三档定位棘轮工具，其特征在于，所述的安装结构包括设置在安装座(2)上且与容置槽(21)底部相连通的通孔(211)，所述的切换座(5)插于通孔(211)内，且所述的切换座(5)一端设置在通孔(211)外侧，另一端穿设在两个棘爪(4)之间，在通孔(211)的两侧 分别设有相互对应设置的铰接柱(212)，所述的切换座(5)上设有两个与铰接柱(212)一一对应的铰接孔(213)，且所述的铰接柱(212)插设在铰接孔(213)内。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的三档定位棘轮工具，其特征在于，所述的切换座(5)呈T形，且所述的切换座(5)设置在通孔(211)外侧的一端向内凹陷形成弧形按压部(56)。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的三档定位棘轮工具，其特征在于，所述的铰接安装机构包括分别两个分别设置在容置槽(21)端部的弧形缺口(214)，所述的棘爪(4)端部具有与弧形缺口(214)相匹配的弧形部(215)，且所述的弧形部(215)可转动设置在弧形缺口(214)内，所述的棘爪(4)与容置槽(21)之间设有能使棘爪(4)具有朝向棘轮(32)运动趋势的弹性结构。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的三档定位棘轮工具，其特征在于，所述的弹性结构包括设置在棘爪(4)与容置槽(21)之间的锥形弹簧(216)，所述的锥形弹簧(216)的小头端抵靠设置在棘爪(4)的侧部，所述的锥形弹簧(216)的大头端卡接设置在位于容置槽(21)侧部的定位缺口(217)内。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的三档定位棘轮工具，其特征在于，所述的定位结构包括周向设置在安装座(2)上且位于容置槽(21)外围的环形凹台(24)，在盖板(22)上设有供旋转套管(3)穿过的贯穿孔(25)，且所述的盖板(22)抵靠设置在环形凹台(24)内且通过紧固件(26)与安装座(2)相连。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的三档定位棘轮工具，其特征在于，所述的旋转套管(3)两端分别设置环形槽(33)，且所述的环形槽(33)内分别卡接有能将旋转套管(3)轴向定位于安装孔(23)内的开口卡圈(34)。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的三档定位棘轮工具，其特征在于，所述的安装座(2)设置在手柄(1)的任意一端且所述的安装座(2)与手柄(1)连 为一体式结构，所述的手柄(1)的另一端设有悬挂孔(11)。
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