WO2016065543A1 - 一种用户设备及小区切换方法 - Google Patents

一种用户设备及小区切换方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016065543A1
WO2016065543A1 PCT/CN2014/089753 CN2014089753W WO2016065543A1 WO 2016065543 A1 WO2016065543 A1 WO 2016065543A1 CN 2014089753 W CN2014089753 W CN 2014089753W WO 2016065543 A1 WO2016065543 A1 WO 2016065543A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
user equipment
cell
target cell
connection
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/089753
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
盛杰
王俊
胡亮
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN201480081388.0A priority Critical patent/CN106717063A/zh
Priority to EP14904785.4A priority patent/EP3203779A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2014/089753 priority patent/WO2016065543A1/zh
Publication of WO2016065543A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016065543A1/zh
Priority to US15/581,132 priority patent/US20170230885A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
    • H04W36/0058—Transmission of hand-off measurement information, e.g. measurement reports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
    • H04W36/0061—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link of neighbour cell information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
    • H04W36/302—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data due to low signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0261—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level
    • H04W52/0274—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level by switching on or off the equipment or parts thereof
    • H04W52/028—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level by switching on or off the equipment or parts thereof switching on or off only a part of the equipment circuit blocks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a user equipment and a cell handover method.
  • MIMO multiple input multiple output wireless communication technology
  • the MIMO system uses multiple antenna units on both the base station (BS) and the user equipment (User Equipment, UE) side, and uses the multipath propagation of the wireless channel to develop spatial resources and establish a spatial parallel transmission channel without increasing bandwidth and transmission.
  • BS base station
  • UE User Equipment
  • the quality and data rate of wireless communication are doubled.
  • the traditional cell handover mode can be roughly classified into two types: hard handover and soft handover according to the number of communication links existing in the handover process.
  • a hard handover is a handover between base stations or coverage cells of different frequencies.
  • the process of the handover is that when the user equipment moves from the source cell to the target cell, the user equipment transmits the handover signaling through the source cell link, and after the preparation work of the source cell and the target cell is completed, the user equipment disconnects and the source.
  • the connection of the cell is tuned to the frequency of the target cell and a new link is established, and the uplink and downlink data communication with the target cell is started after the handover is completed.
  • Soft handoff is a mode of switching that occurs between different cells of the same frequency.
  • the soft handover process is: since the handover is performed in the same frequency cell, the user equipment can be kept in contact with multiple cells at the same time when the user equipment is in the handover state. After the establishment of the new link of the user equipment and the target cell is completed, the link with the source cell is disconnected, the handover of the user equipment from the source cell to the target cell is completed, and uplink and downlink data are started with the target cell on the new link. Communication. In the two switching modes, the user equipment uses all the antennas in the communication of the source cell or the target cell at the same time, and the number of antennas operated by the user equipment does not change after the handover is completed.
  • Hard handoff is a "release, build" process, so there is a pause interrupt period during the switch.
  • the user equipment is connected to only one cell. Since the hard handover process occurs between two cells, the two cells have a competitive relationship. If the signal strength of the two cells changes drastically within a specific area, the user equipment will switch back and forth between the two cells, and on the other hand, increase the system. The burden; on the other hand, it increases the possibility of dropped calls.
  • the hard handover is that the user equipment first disconnects from the source cell and then establishes a link with the target cell, there is a gap period in the middle, that is, the hard handover is a slot switch, and the call drop phenomenon is easy, so the hard handover is one.
  • the soft handover is only applicable to the same frequency cell handover.
  • the existing soft handover cannot be connected to the two cells at the same time.
  • the uplink synchronization technology used in the Time Division (TD) system requires that the uplink signals of the user equipments in the cell arrive at the same time in the base station and thereby minimize interference between users. Therefore, in the TD system, the user equipment needs to adjust the uplink transmission time according to the distance from the base station to achieve uplink synchronization.
  • different uplink advances cannot meet the uplink demand of the two cells at the same time, and the uplink and downlink data communication cannot be performed simultaneously with the two cells.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a user equipment and a cell handover method, so as to implement low-latency smooth handover between cells.
  • a user equipment comprising:
  • a sending unit configured to send, to the source cell, signal quality information and channel rank feedback information of the measured source cell and the at least one neighboring cell of the source cell, where the signal quality information and the channel rank feedback information are used by Determining, by the source cell, that a handover message is sent to the user equipment, where the user equipment includes at least one first antenna and at least one second antenna, where the at least one first antenna is current and The source cell establishes a connected antenna, the at least one second antenna is an idle antenna, and the handover message is used to indicate a target cell to which the user equipment is handed over;
  • a receiving unit configured to receive the switching message
  • a connecting unit configured to establish a connection with the target cell by using the at least one second antenna
  • a shutdown unit configured to: when the source cell disconnects from the user equipment, turn off the One less antenna.
  • the user equipment further includes:
  • a selecting unit configured to select, according to the number of the at least one second antenna and the channel rank feedback information, an antenna number for establishing a connection with the target cell from the at least one second antenna;
  • the connecting unit is specifically configured to:
  • the connecting unit is specifically configured to:
  • the user equipment further includes:
  • An opening unit configured to: open at least one idle antenna that is not connected to the target cell within a set time after completing the switching;
  • a measuring unit configured to measure signal quality information of the target cell, and obtain the channel rank feedback information based on an antenna that establishes a connection with the target cell and at least one idle antenna that is turned on;
  • a determining unit configured to determine, according to the measured signal instruction information and channel rank feedback information, an antenna to be turned on or off.
  • the sending unit is further configured to:
  • the change information of the number of antennas is reported to the target cell after the handover.
  • a user equipment comprising: a transmitter, a receiver, and a processor;
  • the transmitter is configured to: send, to the source cell, signal quality information and channel rank feedback information of the measured source cell and at least one neighboring cell of the source cell, the signal quality information and the channel rank feedback information Determining, by the source cell, that a handover message is sent to the user equipment, where the user equipment includes at least one first antenna and at least one second antenna, where the at least one first antenna is currently associated with the user equipment
  • the source cell establishes a connected antenna, the at least one second antenna is an idle antenna, and the handover message is used to indicate a target cell to which the user equipment is handed over;
  • the receiver is configured to: receive the handover message
  • the processor is configured to establish a connection with the target cell by using the at least one second antenna
  • the processor is further configured to: when the source cell disconnects from the user equipment, turn off the at least one first antenna.
  • the processor further uses to:
  • the processor establishes a connection with the target cell by using the at least one second antenna, including:
  • the processor is further configured to:
  • At least one idle antenna that is not connected to the target cell is turned on within a set time after the handover is completed;
  • Measure signal quality information of the target cell and obtain the channel rank feedback information based on an antenna that establishes a connection with the target cell and at least one idle antenna that is turned on;
  • the processor determines, according to the measured signal instruction information and channel rank feedback information, an antenna that needs to be turned on or off.
  • the transmitter is then also used to:
  • the change information of the number of antennas is reported to the target cell after the handover.
  • a cell handover method includes:
  • the at least one first antenna is turned off.
  • the method further includes:
  • Establishing a connection with the target cell by using the at least one second antenna including:
  • the establishing, by the at least one second antenna, the connection with the target cell includes:
  • the method further includes:
  • At least one idle antenna that is not connected to the target cell is turned on within a set time after the handover is completed;
  • Measure signal quality information of the target cell and obtain the channel rank feedback information based on an antenna that establishes a connection with the target cell and at least one idle antenna that is turned on;
  • the method further includes:
  • the change information of the number of antennas is reported to the target cell after the handover.
  • a user equipment and a method for switching a cell are used.
  • the multi-antenna user equipment uses a part of the antenna to connect with the target cell, and the other part of the antenna maintains the connection with the source cell, so that the low-latency smooth handover between the cells can be realized, and the traditional cell handover technology is affected by different handovers.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of still another user equipment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a cell handover method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another cell handover method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the user equipment 1000 includes:
  • the sending unit 11 is configured to send, to the source cell, signal quality information and channel rank feedback information of the measured source cell and at least one neighboring cell of the source cell, the signal quality information and the channel rank feedback information.
  • the user equipment is configured to send a handover message to the user equipment, where the user equipment includes at least one first antenna and at least one second antenna, where the at least one first antenna is current and The source cell establishes a connected antenna, the at least one second antenna is an idle antenna, and the handover message is used to indicate a target cell to which the user equipment is handed over.
  • the cell of the current serving user equipment is referred to as a source cell.
  • the user equipment includes multiple antennas, and the multiple antennas can be divided into an antenna group A and an antenna group B according to the working state of the antenna.
  • the antenna group A and the antenna group B respectively comprise a plurality of antennas, and the user equipment establishes a connection with the source cell through several antennas of the antenna group A, that is, the antenna of the antenna group A is a working antenna, and the antenna of the antenna group B is in an off state. No connection is established with the source cell, and several antennas of the antenna group B are idle antennas.
  • the user equipment measures the signal quality of the source cell and the multiple neighboring cells and the channel rank feedback information according to the pilot signals of the source cell and the multiple neighboring cells, and the sending unit 11 sends a measurement report to the source cell, where the measurement report includes the measured signals. Quality information and channel rank feedback information.
  • the source cell uses the measurement report sent by the user equipment as a handover decision basis, determines whether a handover trigger event for the handover to the neighboring cell is triggered, and sends a handover message to the user equipment when it is determined that the handover trigger event to the neighbor cell handover is triggered.
  • the handover message includes related information of the target cell, such as a frequency point of the target cell, and the like, and a radio resource or the like allocated to the user equipment.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • Event A1 (Serving becomes better than threshold): indicates that the signal quality of the serving cell is higher than a certain threshold.
  • the eNodeB stops the inter-frequency/different system measurement; similar to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, UMTS) 2F event.
  • Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, UMTS
  • Event A2 (Serving becomes worse than threshold): indicates that the signal quality of the serving cell is below a certain threshold. When an event that satisfies this condition is reported, the eNodeB starts the inter-frequency/differential system measurement; similar to the 2D event of the UMTS.
  • Event A3 indicates that the quality of the neighboring cell is higher than the quality of the serving cell.
  • the source eNodeB initiates a handover request; similar to the 1G/2A event of UMTS.
  • Event A4 indicates that the quality of the neighboring cell is higher than a certain threshold.
  • the source eNodeB initiates a handover request; similar to the HCS handover in GSM.
  • Event A5 (Serving becomes worse than threshold 1 and neighbour becomes better than threshold 2): indicates that the quality of the serving cell is below a certain threshold and the quality of the neighboring cell is above a certain threshold; similar to the 2B event of UMTS.
  • the source eNodeB initiates the different system switch when the event is reported. Request; similar to the 3C event of UMTS.
  • Event B2 (Serving becomes worse than threshold 1) and indicates that the quality of the serving cell is below a certain threshold and the quality of the adjacent system is higher than a certain threshold, similar to the 3A event of UMTS.
  • the source cell and the target cell in this embodiment may be the same frequency cell or an inter-frequency cell.
  • the receiving unit 12 is configured to receive the handover message.
  • the connecting unit 13 is configured to establish a connection with the target cell by using the at least one second antenna.
  • the receiving unit 12 After receiving the handover message sent by the source cell, the receiving unit 12 includes the related information of the target cell, for example, the frequency of the target cell, and the like, the handover message indicates which cell in the neighboring cell is switched by the user equipment.
  • the target cell may be a cell with better signal quality in the neighboring cell, and then the connecting unit 13 establishes a connection with the target cell through the plurality of idle antennas of the antenna group B, that is, according to the information about the target cell included in the handover message,
  • the radio resource of the user equipment establishes a connection with the target cell through a plurality of idle antennas of the antenna group B.
  • the shutdown unit 14 is configured to turn off the at least one first antenna after the source cell disconnects from the user equipment.
  • the source cell disconnects from the user equipment, and the shutdown unit 14 turns off several antennas of the antenna group A, thereby completing the handover of the user equipment from the source cell to the target cell.
  • the physical antennas of the conventional method work at one frequency at the same time.
  • Different antennas of the embodiments of the present invention can work at different frequency points.
  • the user equipment needs to adjust the uplink transmission time according to the distance from the base station to achieve uplink synchronization.
  • the different uplink advances cannot meet the uplink requirements of the two cells at the same time, and the uplink and downlink data communication cannot be performed simultaneously with the two cells.
  • the connection with the target cell and the source cell is performed through independent antenna groups, and different antenna groups can use different uplink advances. Therefore, the cell handover method of this embodiment is not limited by different handover application scenarios such as the same frequency/inter-frequency, time division/frequency division/code division system.
  • a multi-antenna user equipment uses a part of an antenna to connect with a target cell during a cell handover process, and another part of the antenna maintains a connection with a source cell, so that a low time between cells can be realized.
  • Delay smooth switching solve the traditional cell switching technology is subject to different cuts Change the limits of the application scenario.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the user equipment 2000 includes:
  • the sending unit 21 is configured to send, to the source cell, signal quality information and channel rank feedback information of the measured source cell and at least one neighboring cell of the source cell, the signal quality information and the channel rank feedback information.
  • the source device is configured to send a handover message to the user equipment, where the source cell and the at least one neighboring cell are intra-frequency or inter-frequency cells, and the user equipment includes at least one first antenna and at least a second antenna, the at least one first antenna is an antenna that the user equipment currently establishes a connection with the source cell, the at least one second antenna is an idle antenna, and the switching message is used to indicate The target cell to which the user equipment is switched.
  • the function of the sending unit 21 is the same as that of the transmitting unit 11 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and details are not described herein again.
  • the receiving unit 22 is configured to receive the handover message.
  • the receiving unit 22 receives the handover message sent by the source cell, and the handover message indicates the target information of the target cell, for example, the frequency of the target cell, and the handover message indicates which cell in the neighboring cell the user equipment switches to.
  • the target cell may be a cell with better signal quality in the neighboring cell.
  • the selecting unit 23 is configured to select, according to the number of the at least one second antenna and the channel rank feedback information, an antenna number for establishing a connection with the target cell from the at least one second antenna.
  • the user equipment After receiving the handover message sent by the source cell, the user equipment establishes a connection with the target cell through the idle antenna of the antenna group B.
  • the user equipment needs to turn on the antenna to consume energy, and turning on the unnecessary antenna wastes the energy of the user equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to make a decision on the number of antennas used to establish a connection with the target cell, and select the necessary antenna to establish a connection with the target cell.
  • the channel environment can be slow or slow, or fast and fast.
  • the number of antennas used to establish a connection with the target cell is selected from the antenna group B according to the number of antennas of the antenna group B and the channel rank feedback information between the user equipment and the target cell.
  • the selection basis may be as follows: if the number of currently idle antennas is greater than Rank, the selecting unit 23 selects the number of Rank antennas, and vice versa, the selecting unit 23 selects all currently idle antennas.
  • the selecting unit 23 is no longer based on the spatial transmission capability, that is, the number of antennas of the antenna group B and the channel rank feedback information.
  • the number of antennas used to establish a connection with the target cell is selected, and the user equipment directly establishes a connection with the target cell through all the antennas of the antenna group B.
  • the connecting unit 24 is configured to establish a connection with the target cell by using an antenna selected in the at least one second antenna.
  • the user equipment establishes a connection with the target cell through the antenna selected in the antenna group B, that is, the number of idle antennas and target cells selected by the antenna group B according to the information about the target cell included in the handover message and the radio resources allocated to the user equipment. establish connection.
  • the selected antenna may be all idle antennas of antenna group B, or may be partial idle antennas.
  • the shutting down unit 25 is configured to turn off the at least one first antenna after the source cell disconnects from the user equipment.
  • shut-off unit 25 The function of the shut-off unit 25 is the same as that of the turn-off unit 14 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and details are not described herein again.
  • the opening unit 26 is configured to enable at least one idle antenna that is not connected to the target cell within a set time after the switching is completed.
  • the idle antenna refers to an antenna that originally established a connection with the source cell, and an antenna that is not selected for establishing a connection with the target cell.
  • the measuring unit 27 is configured to measure signal quality information of the target cell, and obtain the channel rank feedback information based on an antenna that establishes a connection with the target cell and at least one idle antenna that is turned on.
  • the measuring unit 27 measures the current signal quality of the target cell, and measures the channel rank feedback information based on the antenna that establishes the connection with the target cell and all the idle antennas that are turned on.
  • the determining unit 28 is configured to determine an antenna to be turned on or off according to the measured signal instruction information and the channel rank feedback information.
  • the antenna to be turned on or off is determined according to the measured signal command information and the channel rank feedback information.
  • the number of antennas operated by the user equipment can be dynamically adjusted according to the signal quality information and the channel rank feedback information of the target cell, and the unused antenna can be turned off, which can be reduced.
  • the power consumption of the user equipment can be performed by performing the periodic idle idle antenna for measurement, after the handover is completed.
  • the sending unit 21 is further configured to report the change information of the number of antennas to the target cell after the handover.
  • the transmitting unit 21 needs to report the change information of the number of antennas to the base station of the target cell by signaling.
  • a multi-antenna user equipment uses a part of an antenna to connect with a target cell during a cell handover process, and another part of the antenna maintains a connection with a source cell, so that a low time between cells can be realized. Delayed switching, which solves the limitation of the traditional cell handover technology by different handover application scenarios; and dynamically adjusts the number of antennas operated by the user equipment according to the signal quality information and channel rank feedback information of the target cell during the handover process and after the handover is completed, and turns off The antenna that is not used can reduce the power consumption of the user equipment.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of still another user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the user equipment 3000 includes: a transmitter 31, a receiver 32, and a processor 33.
  • the transmitter 31 and the receiver 32 are respectively connected to the processor. 33 connections;
  • the transmitter 31 is configured to: send, to the source cell, signal quality information and channel rank feedback information of the measured source cell and at least one neighboring cell of the source cell, the signal quality information and the channel rank feedback information. Determining, by the source cell, that a handover message is sent to the user equipment, where the user equipment includes at least one first antenna and at least one second antenna, where the at least one first antenna is currently associated with the user equipment.
  • the source cell establishes a connected antenna, the at least one second antenna is an idle antenna, and the handover message is used to indicate a target cell to which the user equipment is handed over;
  • the receiver 32 is configured to: receive the handover message
  • the processor 33 is configured to: establish a connection with the target cell by using the at least one second antenna;
  • the processor 33 is further configured to: when the source cell disconnects from the user equipment, turn off the at least one first antenna.
  • the processor 33 is further configured to:
  • the processor 33 establishes a connection with the target cell by using the at least one second antenna, including:
  • the processor 33 establishes a connection with the target cell by using the at least one second antenna, including:
  • processor 33 is further configured to:
  • At least one idle antenna that is not connected to the target cell is turned on within a set time after the handover is completed;
  • Measure signal quality information of the target cell and obtain the channel rank feedback information based on an antenna that establishes a connection with the target cell and at least one idle antenna that is turned on;
  • the transmitter 31 is further configured to:
  • the change information of the number of antennas is reported to the target cell after the handover.
  • a multi-antenna user equipment uses a part of an antenna to connect with a target cell during a cell handover process, and another part of the antenna maintains a connection with a source cell, so that a low time between cells can be realized. Delayed switching, which solves the limitation of the traditional cell handover technology by different handover application scenarios; and dynamically adjusts the number of antennas operated by the user equipment according to the signal quality information and channel rank feedback information of the target cell during the handover process and after the handover is completed, and turns off The antenna that is not used can reduce the power consumption of the user equipment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a cell handover method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method includes the following steps:
  • Step S101 measuring the signal quality of the source cell and at least one neighboring cell of the source cell
  • the quantity information and the channel rank feedback information are sent to the source cell, and the signal quality information and the channel rank feedback information are used by the source cell to determine to send a handover message to the user equipment, where the user equipment includes at least one a first antenna and at least one second antenna, the at least one first antenna is an antenna that the user equipment currently establishes a connection with the source cell, and the at least one second antenna is an idle antenna, the switching The message is used to indicate the target cell to which the user equipment is handed over.
  • the cell of the current serving user equipment is referred to as a source cell.
  • the user equipment includes multiple antennas. According to the working state of the antenna, the multiple antennas can be divided into an antenna group A and an antenna group B.
  • the antenna group A and the antenna group B respectively include several antennas, and the user equipment passes through several antenna groups A.
  • the antenna is connected to the source cell, that is, the antenna of the antenna group A is a working antenna, and the antenna of the antenna group B is not connected to the source cell because the antenna of the antenna group B is in an off state, and several antennas of the antenna group B are idle antennas.
  • the user equipment measures the signal quality of the source cell and the multiple neighboring cells and the channel rank feedback information according to the pilot signals of the source cell and the multiple neighboring cells, and sends a measurement report to the source cell, where the measurement report includes the measured signal quality information. And channel rank feedback information.
  • the source cell uses the measurement report sent by the user equipment as a handover decision basis, determines whether a handover trigger event for the handover to the neighboring cell is triggered, and sends a handover message to the user equipment when it is determined that the handover trigger event to the neighbor cell handover is triggered.
  • the handover message includes related information of the target cell, such as a frequency point of the target cell, and the like, and a radio resource or the like allocated to the user equipment.
  • Event A1 (Serving becomes better than threshold): indicates that the signal quality of the serving cell is higher than a certain threshold. When an event that satisfies this condition is reported, the eNodeB stops the inter-frequency/differential system measurement; similar to the 2F event of the UMTS.
  • Event A2 (Serving becomes worse than threshold): indicates that the signal quality of the serving cell is below a certain threshold. When an event that satisfies this condition is reported, the eNodeB starts the inter-frequency/differential system measurement; similar to the 2D event of the UMTS.
  • Event A3 indicates that the quality of the neighboring cell is higher than the quality of the serving cell.
  • the source eNodeB initiates a handover request; similar to the 1G/2A event of UMTS.
  • Event A4 indicates that the quality of the neighboring cell is higher than a certain threshold.
  • the source eNodeB initiates a handover request; similar to GSM The HCS switch inside.
  • Event A5 (Serving becomes worse than threshold 1 and neighbour becomes better than threshold 2): indicates that the quality of the serving cell is below a certain threshold and the quality of the neighboring cell is above a certain threshold; similar to the 2B event of UMTS.
  • the source eNodeB initiates a different system switching request when the event is reported.
  • the UMTS is similar to the 3C event of UMTS.
  • Event B2 (Serving becomes worse than threshold 1) and indicates that the quality of the serving cell is below a certain threshold and the quality of the adjacent system is higher than a certain threshold, similar to the 3A event of UMTS.
  • the source cell and the target cell in this embodiment may be the same frequency cell or an inter-frequency cell.
  • Step S102 Receive the handover message, and establish a connection with the target cell by using the at least one second antenna.
  • the handover message After the user equipment receives the handover message sent by the source cell, the handover message includes the information about the target cell, for example, the frequency of the target cell, and the handover message indicates which cell in the neighboring cell the user equipment switches to.
  • the target cell may be a cell with better signal quality in the neighboring cell, and then establishes a connection with the target cell through a plurality of idle antennas of the antenna group B, that is, the information allocated to the user equipment according to the information about the target cell included in the handover message.
  • the resource establishes a connection with the target cell through a plurality of idle antennas of the antenna group B.
  • Step S103 after the source cell disconnects from the user equipment, the at least one first antenna is turned off.
  • the source cell disconnects from the user equipment, and the user equipment turns off several antennas of the antenna group A, thereby completing the handover of the user equipment from the source cell to the target cell.
  • the physical antennas of the conventional method work at one frequency at the same time.
  • Different antennas of the embodiments of the present invention can work at different frequency points.
  • the user equipment needs to adjust the uplink transmission time according to the distance from the base station to achieve uplink synchronization.
  • the distance between the source device and the target cell is different, different uplink advances cannot meet the uplink demand of the two cells at the same time, and the uplink and downlink data communication cannot be simultaneously performed with the two cells;
  • the connection with the target cell and the source cell is performed through independent antenna groups, and different antenna groups can use different uplink advances. Therefore, the cell handover method of this embodiment is not limited by different handover application scenarios such as the same frequency/inter-frequency, time division/frequency division/code division system.
  • a multi-antenna user equipment uses a part of an antenna to connect with a target cell in a cell handover process, and another part of the antenna maintains a connection with a source cell, which can achieve a low between cells.
  • the delay is smoothly switched, and the traditional cell handover technology is limited by different handover application scenarios.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another cell handover method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method includes the following steps:
  • Step S201 Send the measured signal quality information and channel rank feedback information of the source cell and the at least one neighboring cell of the source cell to the source cell, where the signal quality information and the channel rank feedback information are used in the Determining that the source cell determines to send a handover message to the user equipment, where the user equipment includes at least one first antenna and at least one second antenna, where the at least one first antenna is current and the source of the user equipment The cell establishes a connected antenna, the at least one second antenna is an idle antenna, and the handover message is used to indicate a target cell to which the user equipment is handed over.
  • step S101 is the same as step S101 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, and details are not described herein again.
  • Step S202 receiving the handover message.
  • the user equipment receives the handover message sent by the source cell, and the handover message indicates the target information of the target cell, for example, the frequency of the target cell, and the handover message indicates which cell in the neighboring cell the user equipment switches to.
  • the target cell may be a cell with better signal quality in the neighboring cell.
  • Step S203 selecting, according to the number of the at least one second antenna and the channel rank feedback information, an antenna number for establishing a connection with the target cell from the at least one second antenna.
  • the user equipment After receiving the handover message sent by the source cell, the user equipment establishes a connection with the target cell through the idle antenna of the antenna group B.
  • the user equipment needs to turn on the antenna to consume energy, and turning on the unnecessary antenna wastes the energy of the user equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to make a decision on the number of antennas used to establish a connection with the target cell, and select the necessary antenna to establish a connection with the target cell.
  • the channel environment can be slow or slow, or fast and fast.
  • the number of antennas used to establish a connection with the target cell is selected from the antenna group B according to the number of antennas of the antenna group B and the channel rank feedback information between the user equipment and the target cell.
  • the basis of the selection may be as follows: if the number of currently idle antennas is greater than Rank, the number of the antennas of the number of the slots is selected, and vice versa, all the currently idle antennas are selected.
  • the measurement result of the user equipment cannot correctly reflect the instantaneous change of the channel environment. Therefore, in this scenario, the user equipment is no longer selected according to the spatial transmission capability, that is, the number of antennas of the antenna group B and the channel rank feedback information.
  • the number of antennas used to establish a connection with the target cell, and the connection is established directly with the target cell through all antennas of the antenna group B.
  • Step S204 establishing a connection with the target cell by using an antenna selected in the at least one second antenna.
  • the user equipment establishes a connection with the target cell through the antenna selected in the antenna group B, that is, the number of idle antennas and target cells selected by the antenna group B according to the information about the target cell included in the handover message and the radio resources allocated to the user equipment. establish connection.
  • the selected antenna may be all idle antennas of antenna group B, or may be partial idle antennas.
  • Step S205 disconnecting the source cell and disconnecting the at least one first antenna.
  • step S103 is the same as step S103 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, and details are not described herein again.
  • Step S206 Turn on at least one idle antenna that is not connected to the target cell within a set time after the handover is completed.
  • the user equipment periodically turns on the idle antenna for measurement at a certain time interval after the handover is completed.
  • the idle antenna refers to an antenna that originally established a connection with the source cell, and an antenna that is not selected for establishing a connection with the target cell.
  • Step S207 Measure signal quality information of the target cell, and obtain the channel rank feedback information based on an antenna that establishes a connection with the target cell and at least one idle antenna that is turned on.
  • the current signal quality of the target cell is measured, and the channel rank feedback information is measured based on the antenna that establishes the connection with the target cell and all the idle antennas that are turned on.
  • Step S208 determining an antenna to be turned on or off according to the measured signal instruction information and channel rank feedback information.
  • step S207 According to the same antenna decision mode in step S203, according to the signal finger measured in step S207 Let the information and channel rank feedback information determine the antenna to be turned on or off.
  • Steps S206-S208 are performed to periodically open the idle antenna for measurement, so that after the handover is completed, the number of antennas operated by the user equipment can be dynamically adjusted according to the signal quality information and the channel rank feedback information of the target cell, and the antenna is not used.
  • the antenna can reduce the power consumption of the user equipment.
  • Step S209 reporting the change information of the number of antennas to the target cell after the handover.
  • the change information of the number of antennas is reported to the base station of the target cell by signaling.
  • a multi-antenna user equipment uses a part of an antenna to connect with a target cell in a cell handover process, and another part of the antenna maintains a connection with a source cell, which can achieve a low between cells.
  • Time-delay smooth handover which solves the limitation of the traditional cell handover technology by different handover application scenarios; and dynamically adjusts the number of antennas operated by the user equipment according to the signal quality information and channel rank feedback information of the target cell during the handover process and after the handover is completed. Disconnecting unused antennas can reduce the power consumption of user equipment.
  • Computer readable media includes computer storage media and communication media Quality, wherein the communication medium includes any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another.
  • a storage medium may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer.
  • the computer readable medium may include a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), and an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (Electrically Erasable Programmable).
  • EEPROM Electrically Error Read-Only Memory
  • CD-ROM Compact Disc Read-Only Memory
  • Any connection may suitably be a computer readable medium.
  • the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, Then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL or wireless technologies such as infrared, wireless and microwave are included in the fixing of the associated medium.
  • DSL Digital Subscriber Line
  • a disk and a disc include a compact disc (CD), a laser disc, a compact disc, a digital versatile disc (DVD), a floppy disk, and a Blu-ray disc, wherein the disc is usually magnetically copied, and the disc is The laser is used to optically replicate the data. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of the computer readable media.

Abstract

一种用户设备及小区切换方法。该方法包括：将测量到的源小区及邻小区的信号质量信息和信道秩反馈信息发送给源小区，所述信号质量信息和所述信道秩反馈信息用于源小区确定向用户设备发送切换消息；接收到切换消息后，通过至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接；断开与源小区的连接，并关断至少一根第一天线。还公开了相应的用户设备。本发明实施例的多天线用户设备在小区切换过程中，使用一部分天线与目标小区进行连接，另一部分天线保持与源小区的连接，可以实现小区间的低时延平滑切换，解决传统小区切换技术受不同切换应用场景的限制。

Description

一种用户设备及小区切换方法 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种用户设备及小区切换方法。
背景技术
随着多天线理论的不断发展，多输入多输出(Multiple Input Multiple Output，MIMO)无线通信技术也日趋成熟。MIMO系统在基站(Base Station，BS)和用户设备(User Equipment，UE)侧均采用多天线单元，利用无线信道的多径传播，开发空间资源，建立空间并行传输通道，在不增加带宽与发射功率的情况下，成倍提高无线通信的质量与数据率。BS/UE天线数越多，在数据速率和链路可靠性方面的性能就越好。
当正在使用无线网络服务的用户从一个小区移动到另外一个小区，或由于无线传输业务负荷量调整、设备故障等原因，原来的服务小区不可能再给用户继续提供服务，为保证业务连续性和质量，系统会寻找最合适的小区或者网络为用户设备继续提供服务，并将该用户设备与原小区的通信链路转移到新小区上以实现无线网络无缝覆盖的移动性管理，这个过程就是小区切换。切换是无线蜂窝通信系统移动性管理的重要组成部分，切换的成功率及切换延时是无线通信系统移动性管理性能的重要指标。
传统小区切换方式按切换过程中存在的通信链路数大致可分为硬切换和软切换两类。硬切换是在不同频率的基站或覆盖小区之间的切换。这种切换的过程是当用户设备从源小区移动到目标小区时，用户设备通过源小区链路传送切换的信令,在源小区与目标小区的准备工作都完成后，用户设备断开与源小区的连接，并向目标小区的频率调谐并建立新链路,完成切换后开始与目标小区进行上下行数据通信。软切换是发生在相同频率不同小区之间的一种切换模式。软切换过程是：由于切换是在同频小区进行，当用户设备处于切换状态时可同时和多个小区保持联系。当用户设备与目标小区的新链路建立完成之后才将其与源小区的链路切断，完成用户设备从源小区到目标小区的切换，并在新链路上开始与目标小区进行上下行数据通信。在这两种切换方式中，用户设备都将所有天线全部同时用于源小区或者目标小区的通信中，并且在完成切换之后，用户设备工作的天线数不发生变化。
硬切换是一个“释放、建立”的过程，因而在切换过程中存在一个暂停中断期。在任何时刻，用户设备只连接一个小区。由于硬切换过程是发生在两个小区之间，两个小区存在竞争关系，如果在特定区域内两小区信号强度发生剧烈变化，用户设备就会在两个小区间来回切换，一方面给系统增加了负担；另一方面也增加了掉话的可能性。又因为硬切换是用户设备先与源小区断开链路，再与目标小区建立链路，中间存在一个空档期，即硬切换是有缝切换，容易出现掉话现象，所以硬切换是一种不够健壮的切换。而软切换只适用于同频率小区切换，当源小区与目标小区频率不相同时，现有软切换无法同时与两个小区保持连接。此外时分(Time Division，TD)系统中采用的上行同步技术要求小区内各用户设备的上行信号到达基站的时间相同并以此来尽可能减小用户之间的干扰。因此在TD系统中用户设备要根据距离基站远近的不同调整上行链路发送时间以达到上行同步的目的。当用户设备距离源小区和目标小区的距离不一样时，不同的上行提前无法同时满足两个小区的上行链路需求，也就无法同时与两个小区进行上下行数据通信。
综上所述，需要解决现有的小区切换过程中受不同切换应用场景的限制，不能平滑切换的问题。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种用户设备及小区切换方法，以实现小区间的低时延平滑切换。
一方面，提供了一种用户设备，所述用户设备包括：
发送单元，用于将测量到的源小区及所述源小区的至少一个邻小区的信号质量信息和信道秩反馈信息发送给所述源小区，所述信号质量信息和所述信道秩反馈信息用于所述源小区确定向所述用户设备发送切换消息，所述用户设备包括至少一根第一天线和至少一根第二天线，所述至少一根第一天线是所述用户设备当前与所述源小区建立连接的天线，所述至少一根第二天线为空闲天线，所述切换消息用于指示所述用户设备切换到的目标小区；
接收单元，用于接收所述切换消息；
连接单元，用于通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接；
关断单元，用于当所述源小区断开与所述用户设备的连接后，关断所述至 少一根第一天线。
在第一种可能的实现方式中，所述用户设备还包括：
选取单元，用于根据所述至少一根第二天线的数目以及所述信道秩反馈信息，从所述至少一根第二天线中选取用于与所述目标小区建立连接的天线数；
所述连接单元具体用于：
通过所述至少一个第二天线中选取的天线与所述目标小区建立连接。
结合第一方面，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述连接单元具体用于：
通过所述至少一个第二天线中的全部天线与所述目标小区建立连接。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述用户设备还包括：
开启单元，用于在完成所述切换后的设定时间内，开启未与所述目标小区建立连接的至少一根空闲天线；
测量单元，用于测量所述目标小区的信号质量信息，以及基于与所述目标小区建立连接的天线和开启的至少一根空闲天线测量得到所述信道秩反馈信息；
确定单元，用于根据所述测量得到的信号指令信息和信道秩反馈信息，确定需开启或关断的天线。
结合第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，所述发送单元还用于：
向切换后的所述目标小区上报所述天线数的变化信息。
另一方面，提供了一种用户设备，所述用户设备包括：发送器、接收器和处理器；
所述发送器用于：将测量到的源小区及所述源小区的至少一个邻小区的信号质量信息和信道秩反馈信息发送给所述源小区，所述信号质量信息和所述信道秩反馈信息用于所述源小区确定向所述用户设备发送切换消息，所述用户设备包括至少一根第一天线和至少一根第二天线，所述至少一根第一天线是所述用户设备当前与所述源小区建立连接的天线，所述至少一根第二天线为空闲天线，所述切换消息用于指示所述用户设备切换到的目标小区；
所述接收器用于：接收所述切换消息；
所述处理器用于：通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接；以及
所述处理器还用于：当所述源小区断开与所述用户设备的连接后，关断所述至少一根第一天线。
在第一种可能的实现方式中，所述接收器接收所述切换消息之后，以及所述处理器通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接之前，所述处理器还用于：
根据所述至少一根第二天线的数目以及所述信道秩反馈信息，从所述至少一根第二天线中选取用于与所述目标小区建立连接的天线数；
所述处理器通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接，包括：
通过所述至少一个第二天线中选取的天线与所述目标小区建立连接。
结合第二方面，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接，包括：
通过所述至少一个第二天线中的全部天线与所述目标小区建立连接。
结合第二方面或第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器还用于：
在完成所述切换后的设定时间内，开启未与所述目标小区建立连接的至少一根空闲天线；
测量所述目标小区的信号质量信息，以及基于与所述目标小区建立连接的天线和开启的至少一根空闲天线测量得到所述信道秩反馈信息；
根据所述测量得到的信号指令信息和信道秩反馈信息，确定需开启或关断的天线。
结合第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器根据所述测量得到的信号指令信息和信道秩反馈信息，确定需开启或关断的天线之后，所述发送器还用于：
向切换后的所述目标小区上报所述天线数的变化信息。
又一方面，提供了一种小区切换方法，所述方法包括：
将测量到的源小区及所述源小区的至少一个邻小区的信号质量信息和信道秩反馈信息发送给所述源小区，所述信号质量信息和所述信道秩反馈信息用 于所述源小区确定向所述用户设备发送切换消息，所述用户设备包括至少一根第一天线和至少一根第二天线，所述至少一根第一天线是所述用户设备当前与所述源小区建立连接的天线，所述至少一根第二天线为空闲天线，所述切换消息用于指示所述用户设备切换到的目标小区；
接收所述切换消息，并通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接；
当所述源小区断开与所述用户设备的连接后，关断所述至少一根第一天线。
在第一种可能的实现方式中，所述接收所述切换消息之后，以及通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接之前，所述方法还包括：
根据所述至少一根第二天线的数目以及所述信道秩反馈信息，从所述至少一根第二天线中选取用于与所述目标小区建立连接的天线数；
所述通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接，包括：
通过所述至少一个第二天线中选取的天线与所述目标小区建立连接。
结合第三方面，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接，包括：
通过所述至少一个第二天线中的全部天线与所述目标小区建立连接。
结合第三方面或第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第三方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
在完成所述切换后的设定时间内，开启未与所述目标小区建立连接的至少一根空闲天线；
测量所述目标小区的信号质量信息，以及基于与所述目标小区建立连接的天线和开启的至少一根空闲天线测量得到所述信道秩反馈信息；
根据所述测量得到的信号指令信息和信道秩反馈信息，确定需开启或关断的天线。
结合第三方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述测量得到的信号指令信息和信道秩反馈信息，确定需开启或关断的天线之后，所述方法还包括：
向切换后的所述目标小区上报所述天线数的变化信息。
可见，采用本发明实施例提供的一种用户设备及小区切换方法的技术方 案，多天线用户设备在小区切换过程中，使用一部分天线与目标小区进行连接，另一部分天线保持与源小区的连接，可以实现小区间的低时延平滑切换，解决传统小区切换技术受不同切换应用场景的限制。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种用户设备的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的另一种用户设备的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的又一种用户设备的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种小区切换方法的流程示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的另一种小区切换方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1，为本发明实施例提供的一种用户设备的结构示意图，该用户设备1000包括：
发送单元11，用于将测量到的源小区及所述源小区的至少一个邻小区的信号质量信息和信道秩反馈信息发送给所述源小区，所述信号质量信息和所述信道秩反馈信息用于所述源小区确定向所述用户设备发送切换消息所述用户设备包括至少一根第一天线和至少一根第二天线，所述至少一根第一天线是所述用户设备当前与所述源小区建立连接的天线，所述至少一根第二天线为空闲天线，所述切换消息用于指示所述用户设备切换到的目标小区。
在进行小区切换时，当前服务用户设备的小区称为源小区。用户设备包括多根天线，根据天线的工作状态，该多根天线可分为天线组A和天线组B， 天线组A和天线组B分别包含若干根天线，用户设备通过天线组A的若干根天线与源小区建立连接，即天线组A的天线为工作天线，天线组B的天线由于处于关断状态，没有与源小区建立连接，天线组B的若干根天线为空闲天线。
用户设备根据源小区和多个邻小区的导频信号，测量源小区与多个邻小区的信号质量以及信道秩反馈信息，发送单元11向源小区发送测量报告，测量报告包括测量得到的以上信号质量信息和信道秩反馈信息。
源小区根据用户设备发送的测量报告作为切换判决依据，确定是否触发了向邻小区切换的切换触发事件，并当确定触发了向邻小区切换的切换触发事件时，向用户设备发送切换消息，该切换消息包括目标小区的相关信息，例如目标小区的频点等，以及分配给该用户设备的无线资源等。
以长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)为例:
Event A1(Serving becomes better than threshold)：表示服务小区信号质量高于一定门限，满足此条件的事件被上报时，eNodeB停止异频/异系统测量；类似于通用移动通信系统(Universal Mobile Telecommunications System，UMTS)的2F事件。
Event A2(Serving becomes worse than threshold)：表示服务小区信号质量低于一定门限，满足此条件的事件被上报时，eNodeB启动异频/异系统测量；类似于UMTS的2D事件。
Event A3(Neighbour becomes offset better than serving)：表示邻区质量高于服务小区质量，满足此条件的事件被上报时，源eNodeB启动切换请求；类似于UMTS的1G/2A事件。
Event A4(Neighbour becomes better than threshold)：表示邻区质量高于一定门限量，满足此条件的事件被上报时，源eNodeB启动切换请求；类似于GSM里面的HCS切换。
Event A5(Serving becomes worse than threshold1 and neighbour becomes better than threshold2)：表示服务小区质量低于一定门限且邻区质量高于一定门限；类似于UMTS的2B事件。
Event B1(Inter RAT neighbour becomes better than threshold)：表示异系统邻区质量高于一定门限，满足此条件事件被上报时，源eNodeB启动异系统切换 请求；类似于UMTS的3C事件。
Event B2(Serving becomes worse than threshold1 and inter RAT neighbour becomes better than threshold2)：表示服务小区质量低于一定门限并且异系统邻区质量高于一定门限，类似于UMTS的3A事件。
需要说明的是，本实施例的源小区与目标小区可以为同频小区，也可以为异频小区。
接收单元12，用于接收所述切换消息。
连接单元13，用于通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接。
接收单元12接收到源小区发送的切换消息后，由于该切换消息包括目标小区的相关信息，例如目标小区的频点等，因此，该切换消息指示了用户设备向邻小区中的哪个小区进行切换，该目标小区可以是邻小区中信号质量较好的一个小区，然后连接单元13通过天线组B的若干根空闲天线与目标小区建立连接，即根据切换消息包含的目标小区的相关信息、分配给用户设备的无线资源，通过天线组B的若干根空闲天线与目标小区建立连接。
关断单元14，用于当所述源小区断开与所述用户设备的连接后，关断所述至少一根第一天线。
用户设备与目标小区的新连接建立后，源小区断开与用户设备的连接，关断单元14关断天线组A的若干根天线，从而完成了用户设备从源小区到目标小区的切换。
对于同/异频小区，传统方法所有物理天线同时工作在一个频率上，本发明实施例不同的天线可以工作在不同频点。而对于TDD系统，用户设备要根据距离基站远近的不同调整上行链路发送时间以达到上行同步的目的。当用户设备距离源小区和目标小区的距离不一样时，不同的上行提前无法同时满足两个小区的上行链路需求，也就无法同时与两个小区进行上下行数据通信；本发明实施例中，与目标小区和源小区的连接是通过独立的天线组进行的，不同的天线组可以使用不同的上行提前量。因此，本实施例的小区切换方法不受同频/异频、时分/频分/码分系统等不同切换应用场景的限制。
可见，根据本发明实施例提供的一种用户设备，多天线用户设备在小区切换过程中，使用一部分天线与目标小区进行连接，另一部分天线保持与源小区的连接，可以实现小区间的低时延平滑切换，解决传统小区切换技术受不同切 换应用场景的限制。
请参阅图2，为本发明实施例提供的另一种用户设备的结构示意图，该用户设备2000包括：
发送单元21，用于将测量到的源小区及所述源小区的至少一个邻小区的信号质量信息和信道秩反馈信息发送给所述源小区，所述信号质量信息和所述信道秩反馈信息用于所述源小区确定向所述用户设备发送切换消息，其中，所述源小区与所述至少一个邻小区为同频或异频小区，所述用户设备包括至少一根第一天线和至少一根第二天线，所述至少一根第一天线是所述用户设备当前与所述源小区建立连接的天线，所述至少一根第二天线为空闲天线，所述切换消息用于指示所述用户设备切换到的目标小区。
发送单元21的功能与图1所示实施例的发送单元11相同，在此不再赘述。
接收单元22，用于接收所述切换消息。
接收单元22接收到源小区发送的切换消息，由于该切换消息包括目标小区的相关信息，例如目标小区的频点等，因此，该切换消息指示了用户设备向邻小区中的哪个小区进行切换，该目标小区可以是邻小区中信号质量较好的一个小区。
选取单元23，用于根据所述至少一根第二天线的数目以及所述信道秩反馈信息，从所述至少一根第二天线中选取用于与所述目标小区建立连接的天线数。
用户设备在接收到源小区发送的切换消息后，要通过天线组B的空闲天线与目标小区建立连接，然而，根据目标小区支持的通信能力，并非天线组B的所有的天线都要用于建立与目标小区的连接，用户设备开启天线要消耗能量，开启不必要的天线会浪费用户设备的能量。因此，需要对用于与目标小区建立连接的天线数进行决策，选取必要的天线与目标小区建立连接。
信道环境可以是低速慢变的，也可以是高速快变的。
在低速慢变的信道环境中，根据天线组B的天线数目以及用户设备与目标小区之间的信道秩反馈信息，从天线组B中选取用于与目标小区建立连接的天线数。选取的依据可以如下：若当前空闲的天线数大于Rank，则选取单元23选取Rank数目的天线，反之，则选取单元23选取当前所有空闲的天线。 通过根据具体情况只选取必要的空闲天线与目标小区建立连接，可以节省用户设备的能耗。
而对于高速快变的信道环境，用户设备的测量结果无法正确反映信道环境的瞬时变化，故在此场景下，选取单元23不再根据空间传输能力即天线组B的天线数目和信道秩反馈信息选取用于与目标小区建立连接的天线数，而是用户设备直接通过天线组B的全部天线与目标小区建立连接。
连接单元24，用于通过所述至少一个第二天线中选取的天线与所述目标小区建立连接。
用户设备通过天线组B中选取的天线与目标小区建立连接，即根据切换消息包含的目标小区的相关信息、分配给用户设备的无线资源，通过天线组B中选取的若干根空闲天线与目标小区建立连接。该选取的天线可以是天线组B的全部空闲天线，也可以是部分空闲天线。
关断单元25，用于当所述源小区断开与所述用户设备的连接后，关断所述至少一根第一天线。
关断单元25的功能与图1所示实施例的关断单元14相同，在此不再赘述。
开启单元26，用于在完成所述切换后的设定时间内，开启未与所述目标小区建立连接的至少一根空闲天线。
在用户设备切换完成一段时间内，开启单元26按照一定时间间隔周期性开启空闲的天线用于测量。该空闲的天线是指原来与源小区建立连接的天线、以及未被选取用于与目标小区建立连接的天线。
测量单元27，用于测量所述目标小区的信号质量信息，以及基于与所述目标小区建立连接的天线和开启的至少一根空闲天线测量得到所述信道秩反馈信息。
用户设备由源小区切换至目标小区后，测量单元27测量目标小区当前的信号质量，并基于与目标小区建立连接的天线和开启的所有空闲天线，测量其信道秩反馈信息。
确定单元28，用于根据所述测量得到的信号指令信息和信道秩反馈信息，确定需开启或关断的天线。
根据前述同样的天线决策方式，根据测量得到的信号指令信息和信道秩反馈信息，确定需开启或关断的天线。
通过进行周期性的开启空闲的天线用于测量，从而可以在切换完成后，根据目标小区的信号质量信息和信道秩反馈信息动态调整用户设备工作的天线数目，关断不使用的天线，可以降低用户设备的功耗。
发送单元21还用于向切换后的所述目标小区上报所述天线数的变化信息。
当与目标小区通信的天线数改变时，即开启新的空闲天线和/或关断已经在工作的天线，发送单元21需通过信令向目标小区的基站上报天线数的变化信息。
可见，根据本发明实施例提供的一种用户设备，多天线用户设备在小区切换过程中，使用一部分天线与目标小区进行连接，另一部分天线保持与源小区的连接，可以实现小区间的低时延平滑切换，解决传统小区切换技术受不同切换应用场景的限制；且在切换过程当中及切换完成后，根据目标小区的信号质量信息和信道秩反馈信息动态调整用户设备工作的天线数目，关断不使用的天线，可以降低用户设备的功耗。
请参阅图3，为本发明实施例提供的又一种用户设备的结构示意图，该用户设备3000包括：发送器31、接收器32和处理器33，发送器31、接收器32分别与处理器33连接；
发送器31用于：将测量到的源小区及所述源小区的至少一个邻小区的信号质量信息和信道秩反馈信息发送给所述源小区，所述信号质量信息和所述信道秩反馈信息用于所述源小区确定向所述用户设备发送切换消息，所述用户设备包括至少一根第一天线和至少一根第二天线，所述至少一根第一天线是所述用户设备当前与所述源小区建立连接的天线，所述至少一根第二天线为空闲天线，所述切换消息用于指示所述用户设备切换到的目标小区；
接收器32用于：接收所述切换消息；
处理器33用于：通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接；以及
处理器33还用于：当所述源小区断开与所述用户设备的连接后，关断所述至少一根第一天线。
在一种实施方式中，所述接收器32接收所述切换消息之后，以及所述处 理器33通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接之前，所述处理器33还用于：
根据所述至少一根第二天线的数目以及所述信道秩反馈信息，从所述至少一根第二天线中选取用于与所述目标小区建立连接的天线数；
所述处理器33通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接，包括：
通过所述至少一个第二天线中选取的天线与所述目标小区建立连接。
在另一种实施方式中，所述处理器33通过所述至少一根第二天线与目标小区建立连接，包括：
通过所述至少一个第二天线中的全部天线与所述目标小区建立连接。
在又一种实施方式中，所述处理器33还用于：
在完成所述切换后的设定时间内，开启未与所述目标小区建立连接的至少一根空闲天线；
测量所述目标小区的信号质量信息，以及基于与所述目标小区建立连接的天线和开启的至少一根空闲天线测量得到所述信道秩反馈信息；
根据所述测量得到的信号指令信息和信道秩反馈信息，确定需开启或关断的天线。
在又一种实施方式中，所述处理器33根据所述测量得到的信号指令信息和信道秩反馈信息，确定需开启或关断的天线之后，所述发送器31还用于：
向切换后的所述目标小区上报所述天线数的变化信息。
可见，根据本发明实施例提供的一种用户设备，多天线用户设备在小区切换过程中，使用一部分天线与目标小区进行连接，另一部分天线保持与源小区的连接，可以实现小区间的低时延平滑切换，解决传统小区切换技术受不同切换应用场景的限制；且在切换过程当中及切换完成后，根据目标小区的信号质量信息和信道秩反馈信息动态调整用户设备工作的天线数目，关断不使用的天线，可以降低用户设备的功耗。
请参阅图4，为本发明实施例提供的一种小区切换方法的流程示意图，该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S101，将测量到的源小区及所述源小区的至少一个邻小区的信号质 量信息和信道秩反馈信息发送给所述源小区，所述信号质量信息和所述信道秩反馈信息用于所述源小区确定向所述用户设备发送切换消息，所述用户设备包括至少一根第一天线和至少一根第二天线，所述至少一根第一天线是所述用户设备当前与所述源小区建立连接的天线，所述至少一根第二天线为空闲天线，所述切换消息用于指示所述用户设备切换到的目标小区。
在进行小区切换时，当前服务用户设备的小区称为源小区。用户设备包括多根天线，根据天线的工作状态，该多根天线可分为天线组A和天线组B，天线组A和天线组B分别包含若干根天线，用户设备通过天线组A的若干根天线与源小区建立连接，即天线组A的天线为工作天线，天线组B的天线由于处于关断状态，没有与源小区建立连接，天线组B的若干根天线为空闲天线。
用户设备根据源小区和多个邻小区的导频信号，测量源小区与多个邻小区的信号质量以及信道秩反馈信息，并向源小区发送测量报告，测量报告包括测量得到的以上信号质量信息和信道秩反馈信息。
源小区根据用户设备发送的测量报告作为切换判决依据，确定是否触发了向邻小区切换的切换触发事件，并当确定触发了向邻小区切换的切换触发事件时，向用户设备发送切换消息，该切换消息包括目标小区的相关信息，例如目标小区的频点等，以及分配给该用户设备的无线资源等。
以LTE为例:
Event A1(Serving becomes better than threshold)：表示服务小区信号质量高于一定门限，满足此条件的事件被上报时，eNodeB停止异频/异系统测量；类似于UMTS的2F事件。
Event A2(Serving becomes worse than threshold)：表示服务小区信号质量低于一定门限，满足此条件的事件被上报时，eNodeB启动异频/异系统测量；类似于UMTS的2D事件。
Event A3(Neighbour becomes offset better than serving)：表示邻区质量高于服务小区质量，满足此条件的事件被上报时，源eNodeB启动切换请求；类似于UMTS的1G/2A事件。
Event A4(Neighbour becomes better than threshold)：表示邻区质量高于一定门限量，满足此条件的事件被上报时，源eNodeB启动切换请求；类似于GSM 里面的HCS切换。
Event A5(Serving becomes worse than threshold1 and neighbour becomes better than threshold2)：表示服务小区质量低于一定门限且邻区质量高于一定门限；类似于UMTS的2B事件。
Event B1(Inter RAT neighbour becomes better than threshold)：表示异系统邻区质量高于一定门限，满足此条件事件被上报时，源eNodeB启动异系统切换请求；类似于UMTS的3C事件。
Event B2(Serving becomes worse than threshold1 and inter RAT neighbour becomes better than threshold2)：表示服务小区质量低于一定门限并且异系统邻区质量高于一定门限，类似于UMTS的3A事件。
需要说明的是，本实施例的源小区与目标小区可以为同频小区，也可以为异频小区。
步骤S102，接收所述切换消息，并通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接。
用户设备接收到源小区发送的切换消息后，由于该切换消息包括目标小区的相关信息，例如目标小区的频点等，因此，该切换消息指示了用户设备向邻小区中的哪个小区进行切换，该目标小区可以是邻小区中信号质量较好的一个小区，然后通过天线组B的若干根空闲天线与目标小区建立连接，即根据切换消息包含的目标小区的相关信息、分配给用户设备的无线资源，通过天线组B的若干根空闲天线与目标小区建立连接。
步骤S103，当所述源小区断开与所述用户设备的连接后，关断所述至少一根第一天线。
用户设备与目标小区的新连接建立后，源小区断开与用户设备的连接，用户设备关断天线组A的若干根天线，从而完成了用户设备从源小区到目标小区的切换。
对于同/异频小区，传统方法所有物理天线同时工作在一个频率上，本发明实施例不同的天线可以工作在不同频点。而对于TDD系统，用户设备要根据距离基站远近的不同调整上行链路发送时间以达到上行同步的目的。当用户设备距离源小区和目标小区的距离不一样时，不同的上行提前无法同时满足两个小区的上行链路需求，也就无法同时与两个小区进行上下行数据通信；本发 明实施例中，与目标小区和源小区的连接是通过独立的天线组进行的，不同的天线组可以使用不同的上行提前量。因此，本实施例的小区切换方法不受同频/异频、时分/频分/码分系统等不同切换应用场景的限制。
可见，根据本发明实施例提供的一种小区切换方法，多天线用户设备在小区切换过程中，使用一部分天线与目标小区进行连接，另一部分天线保持与源小区的连接，可以实现小区间的低时延平滑切换，解决传统小区切换技术受不同切换应用场景的限制。
请参阅图5，为本发明实施例提供的另一种小区切换方法的流程示意图，该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S201，将测量到的源小区及所述源小区的至少一个邻小区的信号质量信息和信道秩反馈信息发送给所述源小区，所述信号质量信息和所述信道秩反馈信息用于所述源小区确定向所述用户设备发送切换消息，所述用户设备包括至少一根第一天线和至少一根第二天线，所述至少一根第一天线是所述用户设备当前与所述源小区建立连接的天线，所述至少一根第二天线为空闲天线，所述切换消息用于指示所述用户设备切换到的目标小区。
本步骤与图4所示实施例的步骤S101相同，在此不再赘述。
步骤S202，接收所述切换消息。
用户设备接收到源小区发送的切换消息，由于该切换消息包括目标小区的相关信息，例如目标小区的频点等，因此，该切换消息指示了用户设备向邻小区中的哪个小区进行切换，该目标小区可以是邻小区中信号质量较好的一个小区。
步骤S203，根据所述至少一根第二天线的数目以及所述信道秩反馈信息，从所述至少一根第二天线中选取用于与所述目标小区建立连接的天线数。
用户设备在接收到源小区发送的切换消息后，要通过天线组B的空闲天线与目标小区建立连接，然而，根据目标小区支持的通信能力，并非天线组B的所有的天线都要用于建立与目标小区的连接，用户设备开启天线要消耗能量，开启不必要的天线会浪费用户设备的能量。因此，需要对用于与目标小区建立连接的天线数进行决策，选取必要的天线与目标小区建立连接。
信道环境可以是低速慢变的，也可以是高速快变的。
在低速慢变的信道环境中，根据天线组B的天线数目以及用户设备与目标小区之间的信道秩反馈信息，从天线组B中选取用于与目标小区建立连接的天线数。选取的依据可以如下：若当前空闲的天线数大于Rank，则选取Rank数目的天线，反之，则选取当前所有空闲的天线。通过根据具体情况只选取必要的空闲天线与目标小区建立连接，可以节省用户设备的能耗。
而对于高速快变的信道环境，用户设备的测量结果无法正确反映信道环境的瞬时变化，故在此场景下，用户设备不再根据空间传输能力即天线组B的天线数目和信道秩反馈信息选取用于与目标小区建立连接的天线数，而直接通过天线组B的全部天线与目标小区建立连接。
步骤S204，通过所述至少一个第二天线中选取的天线与所述目标小区建立连接。
用户设备通过天线组B中选取的天线与目标小区建立连接，即根据切换消息包含的目标小区的相关信息、分配给用户设备的无线资源，通过天线组B中选取的若干根空闲天线与目标小区建立连接。该选取的天线可以是天线组B的全部空闲天线，也可以是部分空闲天线。
步骤S205，断开与所述源小区的连接，并关断所述至少一根第一天线。
本步骤与图4所示实施例的步骤S103相同，在此不再赘述。
步骤S206，在完成所述切换后的设定时间内，开启未与所述目标小区建立连接的至少一根空闲天线。
用户设备在切换完成一段时间内，按照一定时间间隔周期性开启空闲的天线用于测量。该空闲的天线是指原来与源小区建立连接的天线、以及未被选取用于与目标小区建立连接的天线。
步骤S207，测量所述目标小区的信号质量信息，以及基于与所述目标小区建立连接的天线和开启的至少一根空闲天线测量得到所述信道秩反馈信息。
用户设备由源小区切换至目标小区后，测量目标小区当前的信号质量，并基于与目标小区建立连接的天线和开启的所有空闲天线，测量其信道秩反馈信息。
步骤S208，根据所述测量得到的信号指令信息和信道秩反馈信息，确定需开启或关断的天线。
根据步骤S203同样的天线决策方式，根据步骤S207中测量得到的信号指 令信息和信道秩反馈信息，确定需开启或关断的天线。
通过步骤S206-S208，进行周期性的开启空闲的天线用于测量，从而可以在切换完成后，根据目标小区的信号质量信息和信道秩反馈信息动态调整用户设备工作的天线数目，关断不使用的天线，可以降低用户设备的功耗。
步骤S209，向切换后的所述目标小区上报所述天线数的变化信息。
当与目标小区通信的天线数改变时，即开启新的空闲天线和/或关断已经在工作的天线，需通过信令向目标小区的基站上报天线数的变化信息。
可见，根据本发明实施例提供的一种小区切换方法，多天线用户设备在小区切换过程中，使用一部分天线与目标小区进行连接，另一部分天线保持与源小区的连接，可以实现小区间的低时延平滑切换，解决传统小区切换技术受不同切换应用场景的限制；且在切换过程当中及切换完成后，根据目标小区的信号质量信息和信道秩反馈信息动态调整用户设备工作的天线数目，关断不使用的天线，可以降低用户设备的功耗。
需要说明的是，对于前述的各方法实施例，为了简单描述，故将其都表述为一系列的动作组合，但是本领域技术人员应该知悉，本发明并不受所描述的动作顺序的限制，因为根据本发明，某些步骤可以采用其他顺序或者同时进行。其次，本领域技术人员也应该知悉，说明书中所描述的实施例均属于优选实施例，所涉及的动作和模块并不一定是本发明所必须的。
在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述的部分，可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
本发明实施例方法中的步骤可以根据实际需要进行顺序调整、合并和删减。
本发明实施例装置中的单元可以根据实际需要进行合并、划分和删减。本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例以及不同实施例的特征进行结合或组合。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本发明可以用硬件实现，或固件实现，或它们的组合方式来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以将上述功能存储在计算机可读介质中或作为计算机可读介质上的一个或多个指令或代码进行传输。计算机可读介质包括计算机存储介质和通信介 质，其中通信介质包括便于从一个地方向另一个地方传送计算机程序的任何介质。存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质。以此为例但不限于：计算机可读介质可以包括随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、电可擦可编程只读存储器(Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(Compact Disc Read-Only Memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质。此外。任何连接可以适当的成为计算机可读介质。例如，如果软件是使用同轴电缆、光纤光缆、双绞线、数字用户线(Digital Subscriber Line，DSL)或者诸如红外线、无线电和微波之类的无线技术从网站、服务器或者其他远程源传输的，那么同轴电缆、光纤光缆、双绞线、DSL或者诸如红外线、无线和微波之类的无线技术包括在所属介质的定影中。如本发明所使用的，盘(Disk)和碟(disc)包括压缩光碟(CD)、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟(DVD)、软盘和蓝光光碟，其中盘通常磁性的复制数据，而碟则用激光来光学的复制数据。上面的组合也应当包括在计算机可读介质的保护范围之内。
总之，以上所述仅为本发明技术方案的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种用户设备，其特征在于，所述用户设备包括：
    发送单元，用于将测量到的源小区及所述源小区的至少一个邻小区的信号质量信息和信道秩反馈信息发送给所述源小区，所述信号质量信息和所述信道秩反馈信息用于所述源小区确定向所述用户设备发送切换消息，所述用户设备包括至少一根第一天线和至少一根第二天线，所述至少一根第一天线是所述用户设备当前与所述源小区建立连接的天线，所述至少一根第二天线为空闲天线，所述切换消息用于指示所述用户设备切换到的目标小区；
    接收单元，用于接收所述切换消息；
    连接单元，用于通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接；
    关断单元，用于当所述源小区断开与所述用户设备的连接后，关断所述至少一根第一天线。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的用户设备，其特征在于，所述用户设备还包括：
    选取单元，用于根据所述至少一根第二天线的数目以及所述信道秩反馈信息，从所述至少一根第二天线中选取用于与所述目标小区建立连接的天线数；
    所述连接单元具体用于：
    通过所述至少一个第二天线中选取的天线与所述目标小区建立连接。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的用户设备，所述连接单元具体用于：
    通过所述至少一个第二天线中的全部天线与所述目标小区建立连接。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任意一项所述的用户设备，其特征在于，所述用户设备还包括：
    开启单元，用于在完成所述切换后的设定时间内，开启未与所述目标小区建立连接的至少一根空闲天线；
    测量单元，用于测量所述目标小区的信号质量信息，以及基于与所述目标小区建立连接的天线和开启的至少一根空闲天线测量得到所述信道秩反馈信 息；
    确定单元，用于根据所述测量得到的信号指令信息和信道秩反馈信息，确定需开启或关断的天线。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的用户设备，其特征在于，所述发送单元还用于：
    向切换后的所述目标小区上报所述天线数的变化信息。
  6. 一种用户设备，其特征在于，所述用户设备包括：发送器、接收器和处理器；
    所述发送器用于：将测量到的源小区及所述源小区的至少一个邻小区的信号质量信息和信道秩反馈信息发送给所述源小区，所述信号质量信息和所述信道秩反馈信息用于所述源小区确定向所述用户设备发送切换消息，所述用户设备包括至少一根第一天线和至少一根第二天线，所述至少一根第一天线是所述用户设备当前与所述源小区建立连接的天线，所述至少一根第二天线为空闲天线，所述切换消息用于指示所述用户设备切换到的目标小区；
    所述接收器用于：接收所述切换消息；
    所述处理器用于：通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接；以及
    所述处理器还用于：当所述源小区断开与所述用户设备的连接后，关断所述至少一根第一天线。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的用户设备，其特征在于，所述接收器接收所述切换消息之后，以及所述处理器通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接之前，所述处理器还用于：
    根据所述至少一根第二天线的数目以及所述信道秩反馈信息，从所述至少一根第二天线中选取用于与所述目标小区建立连接的天线数；
    所述处理器通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接，包括：
    通过所述至少一个第二天线中选取的天线与所述目标小区建立连接。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的用户设备，所述处理器通过所述至少一根第二天 线与所述目标小区建立连接，包括：
    通过所述至少一个第二天线中的全部天线与所述目标小区建立连接。
  9. 如权利要求6-8任意一项所述的用户设备，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：
    在完成所述切换后的设定时间内，开启未与所目标小区建立连接的至少一根空闲天线；
    测量所述目标小区的信号质量信息，以及基于与所述目标小区建立连接的天线和开启的至少一根空闲天线测量得到所述信道秩反馈信息；
    根据所述测量得到的信号指令信息和信道秩反馈信息，确定需开启或关断的天线。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的用户设备，其特征在于，所述处理器根据所述测量得到的信号指令信息和信道秩反馈信息，确定需开启或关断的天线之后，所述发送器还用于：
    向切换后的所述目标小区上报所述天线数的变化信息。
  11. 一种小区切换方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    将测量到的源小区及所述源小区的至少一个邻小区的信号质量信息和信道秩反馈信息发送给所述源小区，所述信号质量信息和所述信道秩反馈信息用于所述源小区确定向所述用户设备发送切换消息，所述用户设备包括至少一根第一天线和至少一根第二天线，所述至少一根第一天线是所述用户设备当前与所述源小区建立连接的天线，所述至少一根第二天线为空闲天线，所述切换消息用于指示所述用户设备切换到的目标小区；
    接收所述切换消息，并通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接；
    当所述源小区断开与所述用户设备的连接后，关断所述至少一根第一天线。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接收所述切换消息之 后，以及通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接之前，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述至少一根第二天线的数目以及所述信道秩反馈信息，从所述至少一根第二天线中选取用于与所述目标小区建立连接的天线数；
    所述通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接，包括：
    通过所述至少一个第二天线中选取的天线与所述目标小区建立连接。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的方法，所述通过所述至少一根第二天线与所述目标小区建立连接，包括：
    通过所述至少一个第二天线中的全部天线与所述目标小区建立连接。
  14. 如权利要求11-13任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在完成所述切换后的设定时间内，开启未与所述目标小区建立连接的至少一根空闲天线；
    测量所述目标小区的信号质量信息，以及基于与所述目标小区建立连接的天线和开启的至少一根空闲天线测量得到所述信道秩反馈信息；
    根据所述测量得到的信号指令信息和信道秩反馈信息，确定需开启或关断的天线。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述测量得到的信号指令信息和信道秩反馈信息，确定需开启或关断的天线之后，所述方法还包括：
    向切换后的所述目标小区上报所述天线数的变化信息。
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