WO2016063582A1

WO2016063582A1 - Valve mechanism

Info

Publication number: WO2016063582A1
Application number: PCT/JP2015/069754
Authority: WO
Inventors: 公平多屋; 初男森
Original assignee: 株式会社Ihi
Priority date: 2014-10-20
Filing date: 2015-07-09
Publication date: 2016-04-28
Also published as: JP2016080104A; JP6459381B2

Abstract

This valve mechanism (1) comprises: a seal member (10) having an opening (10a) for discharging fluid; a valve body (9) coming into contact with the seal member (10) to close the opening (10a); a shaft section (7) adapted to be moved toward the seal member (9) and having the valve body (9) mounted thereto; and a valve body tilt mechanism (11, 20, 30) for supporting the valve body (9) so that the valve body (9) can tilt relative to the movement direction of the shaft section (7).

Description

Valve mechanism

The present disclosure relates to a valve mechanism.
The present application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-213570 filed in Japan on October 20, 2014, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a pneumatically operated valve used for a rocket engine or the like used in space development. This pneumatically operated valve includes a seal member having an opening through which a fluid (for example, a propellant) is discharged, and a poppet head (valve element) that comes into contact with the seal member. In such a pneumatically operated valve, when the poppet head is pressed against the seal member, the opening is closed and the discharge of fluid is stopped. On the other hand, when the poppet head is separated from the seal member, the opening is opened and fluid is discharged.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-301318

However, the pneumatically operated valve as described above is used in a very wide temperature range, for example, from a high temperature environment of about several tens of degrees Celsius to a cryogenic environment close to minus 200 degrees Celsius. For this reason, the thermal deformation of the seal member or the like tends to increase and the aging deterioration tends to be accelerated. Moreover, there is a tendency that aging deterioration is accelerated by constantly applying vibration. When the seal member or the like deteriorates with age or has a mechanical error as described above, the poppet head may be biased against the seal member, and the pressing force may be locally excessive. As a result, problems such as the occurrence of creep and the like shorten the life of the sealing member and increase the frequency of maintenance.

Note that such a problem is not limited to a pneumatically operated valve mounted on a rocket engine or the like, although the time required for aging of the seal member or the like is long or short. The above problem occurs in the entire valve mechanism that closes by bringing the valve body into contact with the seal member.

This disclosure is made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present disclosure is to suppress the occurrence of creep in a seal member or the like in a valve mechanism that closes a valve body by contacting the seal member.

In order to solve the above problems, a first aspect according to the present disclosure includes a seal member having an opening for discharging a fluid, a valve body that closes the opening by contacting the seal member, and the valve A valve mechanism including a shaft portion to which a body is attached and moved toward the seal member, the valve body tilting mechanism supporting the valve body so as to be tiltable with respect to a moving direction of the shaft portion.

According to the valve mechanism of the present disclosure, the valve body is supported by the valve body tilting mechanism so as to be tiltable with respect to the moving direction of the shaft portion. For this reason, even when the seal member or the valve body is deformed due to aging or the like, when the valve body is brought into contact with the seal member, the valve body tilts and is most stable with respect to the seal member. It is aligned so that it is in the position. As a result, it is possible to prevent the valve body from being in contact with the seal member in a biased manner, and to prevent the pressing force of the valve body from being applied to the seal member locally. Therefore, according to the present disclosure, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of creep in the seal member or the like in the valve mechanism that opens and closes by bringing the valve body into contact with the seal member.

It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the pneumatically actuated valve in one Embodiment of this indication. It is the elements on larger scale of the state where the poppet head contacted the seal member including the poppet head and seal member with which the pneumatic operation valve in one embodiment of this indication is provided. It is the elements on larger scale of the state where the poppet head separated from the seal member including the poppet head and seal member with which the pneumatic operation valve in one embodiment of this indication is provided. It is the elements on larger scale including the spherical bearing mechanism with which the pneumatically operated valve in one embodiment of this indication is provided. It is the elements on larger scale of the state where the poppet head separated from the seal member including the tilt control part with which the pneumatic operation valve in one embodiment of this indication is provided. It is the elements on larger scale of the state where the poppet head contacted the seal member including the tilt control part with which the pneumatic operation valve in one embodiment of this indication is provided. It is the elements on larger scale in the modification of the pneumatically operated valve in one embodiment of this indication. It is the elements on larger scale in the modification of the pneumatically operated valve in one embodiment of this indication.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a valve mechanism according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, the scale of each member is appropriately changed in order to make each member a recognizable size. In the following embodiments, an example in which the present disclosure is applied to a pneumatically operated valve that is a propellant valve for controlling the supply of a liquid propellant for a rocket engine will be described.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a pneumatically operated valve 1 (valve mechanism) of the present embodiment. In FIG. 1, the left half shows the closed state of the pneumatically operated valve 1, and the right half shows the opened state of the pneumatically operated valve 1. Further, although the posture of the pneumatically operated valve 1 is arbitrary, in the following description, for the sake of convenience, the upper side of FIG. 1 is referred to as the upper side, and the lower side of FIG.

The pneumatically operated valve 1 of this embodiment is a propellant valve for controlling the supply of liquid propellant for a rocket engine. As shown in FIG. 1, a casing 2, a piston 3, and a first disc spring 4, a working gas supply device 5, a first bellows 6, a shaft portion 7, a second disc spring 8, a poppet head 9 (valve element), a seal member 10, a spherical bearing mechanism 11, Two bellows 12 and a tilt restricting portion 13 are provided.

The casing 2 includes a cylinder 2a, a body 2b, a head 2c, a first bolt 2d, a first spring 2e, a second bolt 2f, and a second spring 2g. The cylinder 2a is a part that houses the piston 3, and is connected to the upper part of the body 2b. The body 2b has a piston 3 connected to the upper part and a head 2c connected to the lower part. The body 2b is a cylindrical portion whose inside is a flow path 2b1, and has a fluid inlet 2b2. The head 2c communicates with the inside of the body 2b and has a fluid outlet 2c1 for discharging the liquid propellant.

Further, the cylinder 2a and the body 2b, and the body 2b and the head 2c are connected through a slight gap. These gaps are spaces for allowing deformation when the cylinder 2a, the body 2b, and the head 2c are thermally deformed. These gaps are sealed by other members, thereby preventing the liquid propellant and the working gas from leaking out. The first bolt 2d is inserted from the cylinder 2a side and screwed with the body 2b to fasten the cylinder 2a and the body 2b. The first spring 2e is a disc spring inserted between the head of the first bolt 2d and the cylinder 2a. The cylinder 2a and the body 2b are heated by urging the cylinder 2a against the body 2b. Even if it is deformed, rattling is prevented. The second bolt 2f is inserted from the head 2c side and is screwed to the body 2b to fasten the body 2b and the head 2c. The second spring 2g is a disc spring interposed between the head of the second bolt 2f and the head 2c, and the body 2b and the head 2c are heated by urging the head 2c against the body 2b. Even if it is deformed, rattling is prevented.

The piston 3 is accommodated in the cylinder 2a and is moved up and down by the working gas supplied from the working gas supply device 5. The first disc spring 4 is inserted between the cylinder 2a and the piston 3, and biases the piston 3 downward. As a result, the piston 3 is always positioned below when the working gas is not supplied from the working gas supply device 5.

The operating gas supply device 5 includes a closing operation gas supply device 5a for supplying the operating gas to the closing operation pressure chamber 2a1 in which the upper end surface of the piston 3 is exposed, and an opening operation in which the lower end surface of the piston 3 is exposed. An opening operation gas supply device 5b for supplying an operation gas to the pressure chamber 2a2 is provided. The first bellows 6 has an upper end fixed to the piston 3 and a lower end fixed to the body 2b, and isolates the inside of the cylinder 2a into a closing operation pressure chamber 2a1 and a closing operation gas supply device 5a.

The shaft portion 7 is a rod member that is connected to the lower portion of the piston 3 via the second disc spring 8 and extends downward from the piston 3. A poppet head 9 is attached to the tip (lower end portion). It has been. Such a shaft portion 7 is moved in the vertical direction by the vertical movement of the piston 3. Since the seal member 10 is disposed below the shaft portion 7, the shaft portion 7 is moved toward the seal member 10 by the movement of the piston 3.

The second disc spring 8 is interposed between the shaft portion 7 and the piston 3, and biases the shaft portion 7 downward when the poppet head 9 is in contact with the seal member 10. As a result, the poppet head 9 is pressed against the seal member 10. That is, the urging force of the second disc spring 8 defines the pressing force of the poppet head 9 against the seal member 10.

2A and 2B are partial enlarged views including the poppet head 9 and the seal member 10, and FIG. 2A shows a state in which the poppet head 9 is in contact with the seal member 10, and FIG. 9 shows a separated state. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the poppet head 9 has a substantially hemispherical shape with a lower portion curved in a spherical shape, and is formed of, for example, a nickel-base superalloy. The poppet head 9 has a larger diameter than an opening 10a (described later) of the seal member 10 as viewed from above, and closes the opening 10a by contacting the seal member 10.

The seal member 10 is a resin member provided with an opening 10a for discharging fluid, and is sandwiched between the body 2b and the head 2c so that the opening 10a communicates with the fluid outlet 2c1 of the head 2c. A tapered surface 10b is provided on the peripheral surface of the opening 10a so that the opening 10a is narrowed downward. The tapered surface 10b is a position where the poppet head 9 abutted from above contacts the seal member 10 with a uniform pressing force over the entire circumference (for example, the center of the opening 10a when viewed from above). And the center of the poppet head 9 are overlapped, and the poppet head 9 abutting against the seal member 10 is guided to a stable position).
Such a sealing member 10 can be formed using resin, such as PCTFE (polychlorotrifluoroethylene), for example.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view including the spherical bearing mechanism 11. As shown in this figure, the spherical bearing mechanism 11 includes an inner ring 11a, an outer ring 11b, and a retaining ring 11c. The inner ring 11a is an annular member having an opening through which the outer peripheral surface is spherical and the shaft portion 7 is inserted. The inner ring 11a is supported by being fitted to the outer ring 11b. Further, the inner ring 11a is in contact with the outer ring 11b with its outer peripheral surface as a sliding surface, and can be tilted with respect to the outer ring 11b. The outer ring 11b is fixed to the body 2b by a retaining ring 11c.

Since the inner ring 11a can tilt with respect to the outer ring 11b, such a spherical bearing mechanism 11 supports the shaft portion 7 inserted through the inner ring 11a so as to tilt. The inner ring 11a surrounds the shaft portion 7 with a very small gap, and the shaft portion 7 can be moved in the vertical direction. In addition, as long as the axial part 7 can move to an up-down direction, the inner ring | wheel 11a may contact | abut to the surrounding surface of the axial part 7 so that sliding is possible.

In such a spherical bearing mechanism 11, when the shaft portion 7 is tilted even slightly with respect to the original movement direction of the shaft portion 7 (the moving direction of the piston 3, the vertical direction), the shaft portion 7 is The piston 3 moves with the movement of the piston 3 in a state of being in contact with the inner ring 11a. For example, when the pneumatically operated valve 1 is mounted on a rocket engine, a lubricant such as grease cannot be used because it is used in a wide temperature range. For this reason, even when the shaft part 7 is in contact with the inner ring 11a, the friction coefficient of the inner ring 11a and the shaft part 7, the inner diameter of the inner ring 11a, and the outer part of the shaft part 7 so that the shaft part 7 can move smoothly. The diameter, the length in the extending direction of the shaft portion 7 of the inner ring 11a, and the like are set. Specifically, the contact area between the inner ring 11a and the shaft portion 7 is increased so that the frictional force between the shaft portion 7 and the inner ring 11a does not become excessively large to the extent that the smooth movement of the shaft portion 7 is hindered. It is necessary to secure. The friction coefficient of the inner ring 11a and the shaft part 7, the inner diameter of the inner ring 11a, the outer diameter of the shaft part 7, the length of the inner ring 11a in the extending direction of the shaft part 7 and the like are set so as to ensure such a contact area. Is done.

Referring back to FIG. 1, the second bellows 12 is disposed inside the body 2b so as to surround the shaft portion 7. Such a second bellows 12 isolates the space in which the spherical bearing mechanism 11 and the connecting portion between the shaft portion 7 and the piston 3 are arranged from the flow path 2b1 formed inside the body 2b. The second bellows 12 can prevent the fluid supplied to the flow path 2b1 of the body 2b from flowing into the cylinder 2a through the spherical bearing mechanism 11 or the connecting portion between the shaft portion 7 and the piston 3.

4A and 4B are partial enlarged views including the tilt restricting portion 13. FIG. 4A shows a state where the poppet head 9 is separated from the seal member 10, and FIG. 4B shows a state where the poppet head 9 is in contact with the seal member 10. Is shown. The tilt restricting portion 13 is provided in an upper portion inside the cylinder 2a, and includes a guide portion 13a, a thick portion 13b, and a thin portion 13c. The guide portion 13a is a protrusion that hangs downward from the ceiling of the cylinder 2a. The thick part 13b and the thin part 13c are provided in the upper part of the piston 3, and the thin part 13c is provided above the thick part 13b. The thick portion 13b is a portion formed thicker than the thin portion 13c so as to bulge toward the center of the piston 3 rather than the thin portion 13c. As shown in FIG. 4A, the thick portion 13b slidably contacts the outer peripheral surface of the guide portion 13a when the poppet head 9 is separated from the seal member 10, that is, when the piston 3 is raised. Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, the thick portion 13b is formed at a position and thickness that does not contact the guide portion 13a when the poppet head 9 is in contact with the seal member 10, that is, when the piston 3 is lowered. Yes.

In such a tilt restricting portion 13, the piston 3 abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the guide portion 13 a when the piston 3 is raised, and therefore the piston 3, that is, the shaft portion 7 tilts when the poppet head 9 is separated from the seal member 10. Regulate not to.

According to the pneumatically operated valve 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above, when the operating gas is supplied from the closed operating gas supply device 5a to the closed operating pressure chamber 2a1, the piston 3 is pushed downward. The shaft portion 7 is lowered and the poppet head 9 comes into contact with the seal member 10. As a result, the opening 10a of the seal member 10 is closed, and the fluid is not discharged from the fluid outlet 2c1. On the other hand, when the operating gas is supplied from the gas supply device 5b for opening operation to the pressure chamber 2a2 for opening operation, the piston 3 is pushed upward, the shaft portion 7 is raised, and the poppet head 9 is separated from the seal member 10. To do. Thereby, the opening 10a of the seal member 10 is opened, and the fluid is discharged from the fluid outlet 2c1.

In the pneumatically operated valve 1 of the present embodiment as described above, the poppet head 9 is supported by the spherical bearing mechanism 11 so as to be tiltable with respect to the moving direction of the shaft portion 7. For this reason, according to the pneumatically operated valve 1 of the present embodiment, even when the seal member 10 is deformed due to deterioration over time or the like, the poppet head 9 abuts and tilts against the seal member 10, The poppet head 9 is automatically aligned so that it is in the most stable position with respect to the seal member 10. As a result, it is possible to suppress the poppet head 9 from abutting against the seal member 10 in a biased manner, and to prevent the pressing force of the poppet head 9 against the seal member 10 from being locally excessive. . Therefore, according to the pneumatically operated valve 1 of the present embodiment, the occurrence of creep in the seal member 10 can be suppressed.
Further, the opening 10a is formed in a funnel shape having a tapered surface 10b that narrows downward, so that the substantially hemispherical poppet head 9 is supported so as to be able to contact and tilt with the seal member 10, and the shaft portion 7 shifts can be eliminated.

Further, in the pneumatically operated valve 1 of the present embodiment, a spherical bearing mechanism 11 that supports the shaft portion 7 so as to be tiltable and movable in the axial direction is used as the valve body tilting mechanism of the present disclosure. According to the pneumatically operated valve 1 of this embodiment, it is possible to align the poppet head 9 with a simple mechanism.

Further, the pneumatically operated valve 1 of the present embodiment includes a tilt restricting portion 13 that restricts the tilt of the shaft portion 7 when the poppet head 9 is separated from the seal member 10. For this reason, when the poppet head 9 is separated from the seal member 10, the shaft portion 7 can be prevented from vibrating.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments. Various shapes, combinations, and the like of the constituent members shown in the above-described embodiments are examples, and various modifications can be made based on design requirements and the like without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure.

For example, in the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 5, a coil spring 20 (elastic member) interposed between the shaft portion 7 and the poppet head 9 is provided, and this coil spring 20 is used as the valve body tilting mechanism of the present disclosure. It is also possible. In such a case, only the poppet head 9 can be tilted without tilting the shaft portion 7. As shown in FIG. 6, the shaft portion 7 has a structure including a head 7a to which the poppet head 9 is fixed and a base portion 7b connected to the head 7a via a spherical bearing mechanism 30. The mechanism 30 may be the valve body tilting mechanism of the present disclosure. In such a case, the valve body tilting mechanism can be formed inside the shaft portion 7, and by manufacturing the shaft portion 7, the valve body tilting mechanism can be provided at the same time.

In the above embodiment, the configuration in which the seal member 10 is made of resin has been described. However, the present disclosure is not limited to this, and the poppet head 9 can be formed of resin, and the seal member 10 can be formed of metal.

In the above embodiment, the example in which the valve mechanism of the present disclosure is applied to the pneumatically operated valve 1 has been described. However, the present disclosure is not limited to this, and is suitable for a valve mechanism used in a wide temperature range, a valve mechanism used in an environment with vibration, and the like.

According to the valve mechanism of the present disclosure in which the valve body is closed by contacting the seal member, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of creep in the seal member or the like.

1 Pneumatically operated valve (valve mechanism)
2 Casing 2a Cylinder 2a1 Pressure chamber 2a2 for closing operation Pressure chamber 2b for opening operation Body 2b1 Flow path 2b2 Fluid inlet 2c Head 2c1 Fluid outlet 2d First bolt 2e First spring 2f Second bolt 2g Second spring 3 Piston 4 First Belleville spring 5 operating gas supply device 5a closing operation gas supply device 5b opening operation gas supply device 6 first bellows 7 shaft portion 7a head 7b base portion 8 second disc spring 9 poppet head (valve element)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Seal member 10a Opening 10b Tapered

surface

11, 30 Spherical bearing mechanism (valve body tilting mechanism)
11a Inner ring

11b Outer ring

11c Retaining ring 12 Second bellows 13 Tilt restricting part 13a Guide part 13b Thick part 13c Thin part 20 Coil spring (elastic member, valve body tilting mechanism)

Claims

A seal member having an opening for discharging fluid; a valve body that closes the opening by being in contact with the seal member; and a shaft portion to which the valve body is attached and moved toward the seal member. A valve mechanism comprising:
A valve mechanism including a valve body tilting mechanism that supports the valve body so as to be tiltable with respect to a moving direction of the shaft portion.
The valve mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the valve body tilting mechanism comprises a spherical bearing mechanism that supports the shaft portion so as to be tiltable and movable in the axial direction.
3. The valve mechanism according to claim 2, further comprising a tilt restricting portion that restricts tilting of the shaft portion when the valve body is separated from the seal member.
The valve mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the valve body tilting mechanism is formed of an elastic member interposed between the shaft portion and the valve body.
The shaft portion has a head to which the valve body is fixed, and a base portion connected to the head via a spherical bearing mechanism,
The valve mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the valve body tilting mechanism includes the spherical bearing mechanism.