WO2016058693A2

WO2016058693A2 - Receptacle for storing a fluid, in particular in the form of a cryogenic gas

Info

Publication number: WO2016058693A2
Application number: PCT/EP2015/002021
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jürgen BICHLMEIER; Stefan Felbinger
Original assignee: Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2014-10-16
Filing date: 2015-10-13
Publication date: 2016-04-21
Also published as: WO2016058693A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a receptacle (1) for storing a fluid, in particular in the form of a cryogenic gas, comprising: an inner receptacle (2) for holding the fluid (5), said inner receptacle (2) being provided with a cylindrical jacket (4a) that extends along a vertical jacket axis (3) as well as with a convex base (4) that adjoins the jacket (4a) at the bottom; and an outer receptacle (6) that encloses the inner receptacle (2) on the outside and forms a cavity (7) between the inner receptacle (2) and the outer receptacle (6); a discharge line (8) and a supply line (9) extend from the outside through the outer receptacle (6) and through the cavity (7) and are both fluidically connected to the inner receptacle (2). According to the invention, the supply line (9) adjoins the cylindrical jacket (4a) of the inner receptacle (2).

Description

description

Container for storing a fluid, in particular in the form of a krvoqenen gas

The invention relates to a container for a fluid, in particular in the form of a cryogenic liquefied gas. Such a gas is, for example, a gas which is liquid at normal pressure (or possibly at a higher pressure) at a temperature far below room temperature, such as hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen or helium. C0 ₂ can also be present as cryogenic liquefied gas, but only at a pressure greater than or equal to 5.19 bar. Deep-cold liquefied gases have a temperature in the range from -270 to -50 ° C., in particular at atmospheric pressure, for example. Deep-liquefied liquefied gases are also referred to as cryogenic liquefied gases.

In the prior art containers for fluids, in particular cryogenic liquefied gases, are known in which the container forms a so-called thermosiphon pod. This thermosyphon pod is a bulge at the bottom of the container with an outwardly directed inside radius, e.g. in the form of a cylindrical extension having a smaller circumference / outer diameter than the container. Of the

Thermosiphon pod is necessary to arrange a sampling line and a supply line with sufficient potential level and with one siphon each. As a result, the structure of the insulation container is very complicated and expensive. The siphons are also referred to as thermosyphons and serve to penetrate a

prevent gaseous phase of the fluid through the siphons into the inner container. The gaseous phase may e.g. in outer sections of the withdrawal or

Feed line due to the ambient heat arise, which causes an evaporation of the cryogenic liquefied gas or fluid in these outer sections.

On this basis, the present invention has the object, at least partially overcome the known from the prior art disadvantages. The features of the invention will become apparent from the independent claims, to which advantageous embodiments are indicated in the dependent claims. The features of the claims may be combined in any technically meaningful manner, for which purpose the explanations of the following description as well as features of the figures may be consulted which comprise additional embodiments of the invention. This object is achieved by a container having the features of claim 1.

Thereafter, the container has an inner container for receiving the fluid, wherein the inner container has a cylindrical jacket which extends along a vertical jacket axis (ie, relative to a properly arranged or in operation container, the jacket axis is parallel to the vertical), and an outwardly curved bottom, which connects to the bottom of the mantle. The jacket axis is, in particular, a longitudinal axis and in particular a cylinder axis, which represents an axis of symmetry of the jacket. The bottom of the inner container extends in particular in

Essentially transversely to the jacket axis.

The container further comprises an outer container enclosing the inner container to the outside and forms a cavity between the inner container and the outer container, wherein a withdrawal line and a supply line extending from the outside through the outer container and through the cavity and in each case in flow communication with the inner container stand. According to the invention, it is provided that the supply line adjoins the cylindrical jacket of the inner container. In other words, therefore, the supply line is in fluid communication with the inner container or with an inner space of the inner container surrounding the inner container via an opening formed in the cylindrical jacket. In particular, in this case there is no line section of the supply line into the interior of the inner container. Preferably, no line section of the extraction line into the interior of the inner container into it. Furthermore, it is provided that the extraction line has a siphon, which is preferably arranged in the cavity, wherein viewed from the inner container forth behind the

Siphon of the extraction line branches off a gas line from the extraction line, wherein the extraction line via the gas line with the inner container in

Flow connection is.

The container is designed to store a fluid, in particular a cryogenic liquefied gas, wherein the cold should be kept significantly by an insulation at the necessary low level. This is a double wall provided by means of an inner container and an outer container, which form a cavity by a distance between these containers. This cavity is preferably evacuated, ie has a negative pressure, in particular a vacuum, relative to the surroundings of the container, and is particularly preferably filled with an insulating material, for example perlite. This minimizes heat transfer to the environment.

The liquid stored gas inside the inner container is through the

Withdrawable and removable via the supply line. In order to suppress penetration of a gaseous phase of the fluid into the inner container, it is preferably provided that the extraction line and in particular also the

Supply line each have a siphon (which are also referred to as thermosiphon). In the region of the lowest point of the respective siphon curve, the cold liquid gas deposits and thus closes the respective siphon or the removal and supply line, so that a gaseous phase of the fluid, which is e.g. can be generated in outer portions of the extraction line and feed line by evaporation of the fluid due to the ambient heat, can not penetrate into the inner container. The two siphons thus each provide a collecting space for a liquid phase available, in which the liquid phase can remain so that the removal .bzw. Supply line is completely closed with the liquid phase and therefore gas can not pass through the respective siphon or collection space.

It was observed on this side that such a container for the purpose of

Cold storage and / or never completely emptied for safety reasons, but always a residue of liquid gas remains in the inner container. It is therefore not necessary to construct the insulation container in such a way that the gas can be dissipated correctly even with complete emptying. Therefore, it is proposed here, the supply line to the inner container laterally on the jacket of the

To connect to the inner container and not to the downwardly curved bottom of the inner container. As a result, a sufficient distance to the removal is achieved at the bottom, so that no freshly supplied gas is removed directly again. In addition, it is possible to arrange the entire supply line laterally in the cavity. This eliminates the need for the thermosyphon pod because the sampling line is overall so flat that it does not cause a thermosiphon pod either. A necessary for the removal potential level of the liquefied gas is by a conventional Minimum amount of residue in the inner container guaranteed. As a result, the structure of such a container is much easier and cheaper. At the same time is for a sufficient distance between the extraction line and supply to the

Inner container provided when the extraction line connection, for. is provided at the bottom of the inner container. In addition, the height can be reduced or at the same height the storage volume can be increased.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the insulation container, the extraction line connects to the bottom of the inner container, and preferably to an elevated compared to the lowest point of the bottom portion of the bottom.

As explained above, it is not common to completely empty the inner container. It is therefore also not necessary to arrange the extraction point at the lowest point of the bottom of the inner container. Rather, the extraction line or the removal point is arranged at a generally radially outwardly offset, relatively elevated to the lowest point of the soil located point of the soil. As a result, the extraction line is higher overall and the necessary space under the bottom of the inner container may be smaller. As already explained above, the extraction line and preferably also the

Supply line in particular in the cavity of the siphon, e.g. in the form of a U-shaped line section of the removal or supply line. Furthermore, in this case, as already explained above, preferably a gas line is provided, which preferably exits downstream of the siphon of the extraction line from the extraction line and connects it to the inner container.

By the thermosyphon or the inner container, as already above

described, better cold-insulated and protected against gaseous entries. By means of the gas line can in the withdrawal line vaporized gas from the

Discharge line into the inner container escape. In this way, in particular in the event that the height of the extraction line sinks downstream of its siphon, counteracts a gas seal of the extraction line. Such vaporization or outgassing can occur, for example, when no gas is removed over a long period, or by evaporation of the liquefied gas, especially in an outer Line section of the sampling line. In the space won below the isolation tank can still be arranged a pressure build-up evaporator.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the siphon of the extraction line has a riser leading away from a lowest point of the siphon and from the inner container, or a corresponding flow path, which leads to a highest point of the riser (the

Flow path), wherein a pump for pumping a liquid phase of the fluid from the inner container at a level below this highest point is in flow communication with the withdrawal line or the

Extraction line has a connection for a pump, which is at a level below this highest point.

In this advantageous embodiment, the pump at an (arbitrary) height below the riser can be arranged; because a closure by the evaporation of the liquefied gas in a withdrawal line downstream of the

Thermosyphons can be prevented by means of the laxative gas line. Particularly advantageous branching of the gas line at an upper side of the extraction line from this, so that the gas discharge of the gas rising upwards is particularly simple designable. The point of introduction of the gas may be provided at a sufficient distance to the point of removal on the inner container at a relatively low point in the inner container, so that the gaseous gas is introduced into a very cold area at high pressure and cooled down directly.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the isolation container, a pump for removal and / or for supplying a fluid, in particular cryogenic liquefied gas, or a connection device for such a pump is provided outside the outer container.

The above-described measures for the safe removal and supply of liquefied gas, the pump can be located outside of the isolated area, without causing disadvantages for storage. In particular, in a never complete removal of the liquefied gas from the inner container is a cooling of the refluxing gas (via the gas line into the inner container) as well not disadvantageous in a heated pump, because the gas is cooled down quickly by the minimum residue in the inner container.

The outer container likewise preferably has a cylindrical jacket which extends along a vertical jacket axis (with reference to FIG

properly arranged container). The sheath axes of the two shells (inner and outer container) can coincide. The lateral axis of the outer container may also be a longitudinal and / or cylindrical axis

(Symmetry axis) act.

The outer container further preferably has a bottom, which adjoins the cylindrical shell of the outer container at the bottom.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the insulation container, the vertical distance between the bottom of the inner container and the bottom of the

Outer container not greater than three times, preferably not greater than twice the horizontal distance between the jacket of the inner container and the jacket of the outer container. In this advantageous embodiment, which is possible by saving the thermosyphon pod, the contour of the outer container is substantially adapted to that of the inner container. Particularly preferably, the distance between the inner container and the outer container is continuous (almost) constant. Deviations from the constant distance are, for example, by fasteners or

Stiffening ribs or the like in a technically meaningful context.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the container of the adjoining the cylindrical shell of the outer container bottom of the outer container is only convexly curved (arched outwards), so that the bottom in particular has no circumferential step or a cylindrical extension smaller outside diameter.

The present technical teaching thus omits in particular the above-described thermosiphon pod, so that the overall height of the insulation container Total can be downsized. In addition, the production, at least the

Outer container, simplified and increases the stability of the insulation container.

According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the container has an elevation over which the container can be supported on a substrate, wherein in particular the elevation the outer container

is supported against a vertical projection of the inner container on the ground, i. the points of the bottom of the outer container in which the

Aufstands on the outer container attacks lie with respect to the coat or

Cylinder axis of the shell of the inner container radially further outward than the jacket of the inner container.

Preferably, the bottom of the outer container has a curved outwards or downwards, simple bottom curvature, which has no additional bulges, in particular over a deviation from a constant radius between the end of a transition from the shell wall into the ground by ± 10%, preferably ± 5%, goes out. Particularly preferred is the radius of the floor curvature in a technically reasonable context, preferably apart from, for example

Fasteners and / or stiffening elements, constant. In contrast, in prior art containers / liquid reservoirs in addition to this

Floor vault provided a cylindrical attachment. Because this is waived here, the elevation is very flat gestaltbar. The total height of the elevation between a ground and a contact point with the bottom curvature of the outer container is less than twice, or even less than that

one and a half times the height, so the segment height, the bottom curvature. As a result, the focus of the container is very deep and the container is particularly stable. This is particularly advantageous for a fire (softening of the material of the elevation) or overturning elements in the vicinity of the insulation container. The above-described invention will now be described in detail in the background of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate preferred embodiments. The invention is not limited by the purely schematic drawings in any way, it being noted that the drawings are not dimensionally accurate and are not suitable for the definition of size ratios. It is shown in Fig. 1: a conventional container for storing a liquefied gas with a thermosiphon pod;

Fig. 2: an inventive container for storing a liquefied gas with

lateral supply line; and

3 shows another container according to the invention for storing a liquefied gas with a gas line for degassing the withdrawal line. In Fig. 1, a conventional container 31 is shown with an inner container 2, which stores a cryogenic liquefied gas 5, wherein the inner container 2 of a

Outer container 28 is enclosed. Between the inner container 2, which has a cylindrical shell 4 a, which extends along a vertical jacket or

Cylinder axis 3 extends, and the outer container 28, a cavity 7 is present, which is preferably evacuated and, for example, filled with an insulating material (for example perlite). An outwardly curved bottom 4 of the inner container 2 is followed by a removal line 8 and a feed line 9 projecting far into the inner container 2, which form a long downpipe in a thermosiphon pod 29 parallel to the jacket axis 3 of the inner container 2. This serves to ensure a sufficient potential energy at a complete emptying of the

Inner container 2. In the extraction line 8, a thermosyphon 11 is provided. The removal or supply of the liquefied cryogenic gas 5 takes place by means of a pump 15, e.g. via a respective valve 21 a, 21 b with the removal or

Feed 8,9 is connectable. Due to the thermosyphon pod 29 of the insulation container 27 must be provided for a sufficient stator width against tilting with a very high conventional elevation 30. As a result, the conventional Aufständerung 30 is interpreted very expensive or the insulation container 27 can easily tip over by fire or overturning objects.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, a container 1 according to the invention is in each case without

Thermosiphon pod shown. The container 1 has an inner container 2 and an outer container 6 surrounding the inner container 2. The inner container 2 has a cylindrical jacket 4 a, which extends along a vertical jacket axis or cylinder axis 3 and surrounds an inner space of the inner container 2, in which a fluid, eg cryogenic liquefied gas 5, can be stored. The inner container 2 also has an outwardly or downwardly convex (convex) bottom 4, which adjoins the jacket 4 of the inner container 2 at the bottom, and is enclosed by a cavity 7 formed by the outer container 6 and the inner container 2, which in turn is preferably evacuated and / or with a

Insulating material 7a, for example perlite, is filled. The outer container 6 also has a jacket 6a which extends along the jacket or cylinder axis 3, and a bottom 22, which adjoins the jacket 6a of the outer container 6 at the bottom and has a convex, curved outward curvature 23 , The bottom 22 of the outer container 6 also extends substantially perpendicular to the jacket axis 3 and is opposite the bottom 4 of the inner container 2 in the direction of the jacket axis 3. In contrast to the prior art according to Figure 1, the bottom 22 of the outer container 6 has no circumferential step or no cylindrical extension, but a simple Bodenwölbung 23. The bottom 22 has over its entire surface only a convex curvature (outward) on.

A supply line 9 for introducing the fluid 5 into the inner container 2 opens according to the invention laterally into the cylindrical shell 4a of the inner container 2. The supply line 9 has a siphon 9 a, which is arranged in the cavity 7. A sampling line 8 for removing fluid 5 from the inner container 2 is derived from the bottom 4 of the inner container 2 at a point which is higher than the lowest point 10 of the bottom 4. The supply line 9 and the withdrawal line 8 each have inner portions 9c and 8c, respectively, which run inside the cavity 7 and outer portions 9b and 8b, which are arranged outside of the outer container 6.

By means of a pump 15, as described above with regard to FIG. 1, a fluid 5 (for example cryogenic liquid gas) can be removed from the inner container 2 or introduced into the inner container 2. The extraction line 8 also has a siphon 11, which is also arranged in the cavity 7. The bottom 4 of the inner container 2 adjoins the cylindrical jacket 4 a of the inner container 2 at the bottom and runs essentially transversely to the jacket axis 3. By this configuration, it is possible to achieve a vertical distance 18 between the bottom 4 of the inner container 2 and the bottom 22 of the outer container 6, which corresponds approximately to the horizontal distance 17 between the jacket 4a of the inner container 2 and the jacket 6a of the outer container 6 ,

The two siphons 1, 9 a each define a collecting space in which the liquid phase of the fluid 5 can accumulate, such that the removal or

Supply line 8, 9 is completely closed by the standing in the respective collection space liquid phase and therefore a gaseous phase of the fluid 5, the respective siphon 11, 9a or collecting space can not happen. Such a siphon 11, 9a may e.g. be formed by a U-shaped portion of the removal or supply line 8, 9. Thus, e.g. the siphon 11 of the extraction line 8 have a rising from the lowest point of the siphon 11 riser 13, which leads away from the inner container 2 (towards the pump 15). This riser 13 has a highest point 14, at the level of the pump 15 has a flow connection to the extraction line 8. As a result, a very flat elevation 20 for supporting or supporting the container 1 on a substrate is possible.

In Fig. 3, a further embodiment of a container 1 according to the invention is shown in the manner of Figure 2, wherein in addition to the embodiment of Figure 2, a gas line 12 is provided, which branches off downstream of the highest point of the riser 13 from the discharge line 8 and in flow communication with the

Inner container 2 is. Without such a gas line 12, at this location of the withdrawal line 8, a gaseous phase of the fluid 5 could accumulate at a withdrawal line 8 descending therefrom, which could be e.g. can be formed by evaporation of the liquid phase of the fluid 5 in the outer portions 8b of the extraction line 8. By means of the gas line 12, this part of the extraction line 8 can now be degassed by passing the gaseous phase which accumulates there via the gas line 12 into the inner container 2. Since the gas line 12 is a degassing of the

Discharge line 8 in the inner container 2 allows the pump 15 may now have a flow connection to the extraction line 8, which - as shown in Figure 3 - lower than the level 16 of the highest point 14 of the riser 13, wherein the emergence of the sampling line 8 occlusive Gas grafting in the region of the highest point 14 due to the gas line 12, which dissipates the gaseous phase at this point is no longer possible. Due to the lack of thermosyphon pod, the container 1 can be raised relatively flat according to Figures 2 and 3. The vertical height 26 between a contact point of the elevation 20 at the bottom 22 of the outer container 6 and a substrate, for example, according to Figure 3 is less than one and a half times the vertical height 24 and vertical extension 24 of the bottom arch 23 and the bottom 6a of the outer container. 6

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 container

2 inner containers

3 vertical axis

4 floor

4a, 6a coat

5 fluid or cryogenic liquefied gas

6 outer container

7 cavity

7a insulating material

8 sampling line

8b, 9b Outer section

9 feed line

8c, 9c Inner section

10 deepest point

11, 9a thermosyphon

12 gas line

13 riser

14 highest point

15 pump

16 level

17 first distance

18 second distance

20 elevation change

21a, 21b valves

22 floor

23 floor arch

25 vertical projection

24, 26 height

27 conventional insulation containers

28 conventional outdoor containers

29 thermosiphon pod

30 conventional elevation

Claims

claims

Container (1) for storing a fluid, in particular in the form of a cryogenic liquefied gas, comprising:

- An inner container (2) for receiving the fluid (5), wherein the

Inner container (2) has a cylindrical jacket (4a) which extends along a vertical jacket axis (3) and an outwardly curved bottom (4) which adjoins the jacket (4a) at the bottom,

- An outer container (6), the inner container (2) to the outside

and a cavity (7) between the inner container (2) and the outer container (6), wherein a discharge line (8) and a supply line (9) for the fluid from the outside through the outer container (6) and through the cavity ( 7) extend and in each case in

Flow connection with the inner container (2) are, characterized in that the supply line (9) to the cylindrical shell (4a) of the

Inner container (2) connects, wherein the extraction line (8) has a siphon (11) which is arranged in the cavity (7), and wherein viewed from the inner container (2) forth behind the siphon (11) of the extraction line (8) a gas line (12) branches off from the extraction line (8), wherein the extraction line (8) via the gas line (12) with the inner container (2) is in flow communication.

Container according to claim 1, characterized in that the

Sampling line (8) to the bottom (4) of the inner container (2) connects, in particular to a compared to the lowest point (10) of the bottom (4) elevated portion of the bottom (4) of the inner container (2). 3. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply line (9) has a siphon (9a), in particular in

Cavity (7) is arranged. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the siphon (11) of the withdrawal line (8) has a riser (13) leading away from a lowest point of the siphon (11) and from the inner container (2), which leads to a highest point the riser (13) extends, wherein a pump (15) for pumping a liquid phase of the fluid (5) from the inner container (2) at a level below the highest point (14) of the riser (13) with the extraction line (8) is in flow communication or the extraction line (8) has a connection for a pump (15) which is at a level below the highest point (14) of the riser (13).

Container according to claim 4, characterized in that the pump (15) or the connection of the pump (15) outside the outer container (6) is arranged.

Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical distance (18) between the bottom (4) of the inner container (2) and a bottom (22) of the outer container (6) not more than three times, preferably not more than that Duplicate, is as the horizontal distance (17) between the shell (4a) of the inner container (2) and a jacket (6a) of the outer container (6).

Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottom (4) of the inner container (2) is only convexly curved.

Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer container (6) has a cylindrical jacket (6a), to which a bottom (22) of the outer container (6) connects at the bottom, the bottom (22) of the outer container (6) a simple, outwardly arched

Has bottom curvature (23) with a vertical height (24).

Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the container (1) has an elevation (20), via which the container (1) can be supported on a substrate, wherein in particular the elevation (20) the outer container (6) outside a vertical projection (25) of the

Inner container (2) supported on the ground.

10. Container according to claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the elevation (20) has a vertical height (26) which is less than twice, preferably less than one and a half times, the vertical height (24) of the simple bottom curvature (23 ) of the outer container (6).

11. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cavity (7) is evacuated and / or with an insulating material (7 a) is filled.