WO2016058688A1

WO2016058688A1 - Device for controlling a supply air flow and an exhaust air flow in a building, and method for controlling the two air flows

Info

Publication number: WO2016058688A1
Application number: PCT/EP2015/002011
Authority: WO
Inventors: Stefan Plüth
Original assignee: Stefan Plüth
Priority date: 2014-10-15
Filing date: 2015-10-13
Publication date: 2016-04-21
Also published as: DE102014015181A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for air-conditioning a room in a building. An exchange phase which introduces a supply air volume into at least one room and which vents a substantially equally large exhaust air volume is activated by means of a controllable ventilation system. The method is carried out according to the invention using a specifiable supply air volumetric flow rate and an exhaust air volumetric flow rate which counterbalances the supply air volumetric flow rate for a synchronous displacement during an exchange phase such that the volumetric flows are distributed in the room by means of diffusion. For this purpose, an air measuring unit is provided by means of which at least the respective air volume can be detected upstream and downstream of the rooms, and the volumetric flows are distributed for each room environment without differential pressure by means of diffusion in an adjustable manner using a respective equilibrium of supply and exhaust air.

Description

DEVICE FOR REGULATING A SUPPLY CURRENT AND A

EXHAUST FLOW IN A BUILDING AND METHOD FOR REGULATING THE TWO FLOW FLOWS

The invention relates to a method for room air conditioning in a building according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device provided therefor according to the preamble of claim 15.

Methods and devices for room air conditioning in complex buildings or individual rooms have long been known in different versions. In a system proposed according to DE 29 49 605 A1, the air conditioning of a room to be protected in particular is linked to the fact that an overpressure is built up in the room, so that an unwanted intrusion of foreign bodies can be prevented. In DE 40 04 519 A1, a device provided for an air conditioning device is structurally designed so that the outside air requirement covering fan can be kept energy-saving in a continuous operation. An appropriate regulation operates an optimized exhaust air fan, thus avoiding the use of an energy-dissipating bypass system.

According to US 5,344,069 an air conditioning device for several rooms is proposed, starting from a base unit, the air supply can be controlled temperature-optimally by means of a controller provided in the rooms. A procedure similar to the technical versions of room air conditioning systems for controlling an air flow is shown in US 5,545,086. The control of air flows in a pressure chamber is optimized so that in several

CONFIRMATION COPY Reren in the building provided spaces even then constant conditions are achieved when respective by door uses o. The like. Movements occurring air displacements are compensated. A similar system is provided in a proposal according to US 2013/0171922 A1.

According to EP 0 851 179 B1, a method and a device for air-conditioning a room are proposed, wherein the temperature in the room to be air-conditioned is controlled in a known process control with heated or cooled supply air to a predetermined temperature setpoint. In order to achieve optimal mixing of the room air and comfortable room conditions, here is a known per se, additional pressure control. In this case, the generation of a differential pressure in the room to be conditioned against a measured external pressure is used to ensure that a predetermined overpressure against the external pressure in the room is permanently maintained. This method is also the subject of the publication according to CA 2 225 768 C.

In a similar construction according to DE 196 54 542 C2, an air conditioning device is provided in which the temperature of the supply air and the respective duct pressure of the supply air are coupled together in the region of the air supply with cooling and / or heating devices. From DE 38 23 653 C1 a method for operating an air conditioner is known, wherein under the aspect of energy saving respective low load times are used to reduce the cooling capacity of the cooling unit and at the same time adjust the air power to the respective temperature condition via a controller. In a process for recovery of energy according to WO 2009/018652 A1 an automatic compensation by pressure measurements in the system is also achieved.

DE 43 30 646 A1 discloses a method for regulating temperature and humidity in rooms, wherein a number of individual units are used for changing the air condition. The aim is to minimize the energy used with a view to controlling individual air conditioning units and their optimal process control. A special application and control of air quantities is shown in DE 42 21 177 A1, wherein respective spray zones are controlled in a space designed as a spray booth.

According to DE 196 54 955 C2 an air conditioning device is proposed, in which for the purpose of a better mixing of the room air with supplied air, a differential pressure by more supplied as escaping air than a room overpressure is effective.

In a concept according to DE 10 2008 057 787 B3 a special control device for ventilation and air conditioning systems is proposed in which in one or more rooms to be ventilated a pressure sensor is provided so that a room pressure in the room to be ventilated can be detected. This room pressure is then used as a direct reference variable for respective open positions of a supply air throttle or exhaust throttle. In a method for air conditioning of a room according to DE 10 2009 016 418 A1, it is provided that a respective supply air volume flow is forcibly subjected to a change of the air state that can be defined by a control, and thus a volume flow deviating from a predetermined desired value with different air state is conveyed into the room , This ensures that in the room specifically different air conditions than a "calmed

Mixture ".

The invention is concerned with the problem of providing a method for room air conditioning in a building and a device provided for it, whereby with a substantially constant maintained on Wohlfühlzustand Raumungskonditionie- with little effort, an improved control of the air exchange takes place, while a targeted controllable reduction of Energy consumption is possible and each, be prepared for the evaluation of information by a user by graphical representation easier to monitor.

The invention solves this problem with a method having the features of claim 1 and a device having the features of claim 15. Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the claims 2 to 14 and 16 to 26.

In a method for room air conditioning by means of an externally controllable in several rooms of a building ventilation system is provided according to the invention that during a known exchange phase only a pre- tunable supply air flow and a compensating exhaust air volume flow are moved and thus in the respective rooms a volume flow distribution by diffusion is effective.

Based on previously designed ventilation systems, all of which are directed according to the prior art, a minimization of ventilation in the rooms - to create a "feel-good atmosphere" - is achieved with the exchange phase according to the invention, a significant air conditioning improvement. The novel application of the diffusion principle is based on the fact that by utilizing a natural molecular movement, a targeted supply of oxygen, a removal of particular carbon dioxide, a predeterminable water vapor concentration and a predeterminable temperature in the room air can be achieved. This basic principle is implemented efficiently by avoiding the previously conventional ventilation control, the system of the invention is directed to minimizing the at least two in the rooms or out of these out directed air volume flows.

This process management is geared to ensuring that the air volume flows into and out of the room - by means of a specially adapted control unit and its control program - can be controlled exactly the same. It is understood that at the same time no untreated air can penetrate into the room during this procedure and also to avoid leaving untreated air from the room. Starting from this basic procedure with volumetric flow distribution by diffusion, the system according to the invention can be used to minimize the expense of air ventilation in such a way that a ventilation system adapted thereto for a complex building works with less noise overall. The cost of this "silent" ventilation can be significantly reduced, and occur in the rooms with diffusion of the volume flows none of the hitherto perceived as unpleasant drafts.

First tests of the air conditioning method according to the invention have shown that starting from conventional ventilation variants after comparable application times to the units integrated into the system according to the invention, an advantageous extension of the maintenance intervals is possible. Extensive measurements in the rooms ventilated by diffusion show the positive effect of an optimized diffusion control, which is noticeable above all by low temperature gradients within the ventilated space.

As a result of the improved process control with volume flow distribution, it was found that building damage can also be avoided. This is due to the fact that with the new volume flow system uncontrolled escaping air fractions are avoided and thus the previously observed condensation or resublimation - as ice formation of water vapor - can be excluded. The exchange phase controlled according to the invention also leads to non-moving thermally insulating air layers on space-limiting surfaces can arise and thus in the area of these areas an unwanted transfer of heat or cold is minimized.

The application of the diffusion system in rooms with swimming pool o. The like. Facilities has shown that evaporates less water under the effect of diffusion distribution on the water surface. Thus, additional moisture in the room can be avoided, so that time-consuming and costly disposal measures are dispensable. A comparable application of the diffusion system in ice rinks reduces the resublimation of water vapor from the air. This results in a lower frost formation on the ice surface.

Corresponding metrological observations have shown that 10% to 50%, preferably 20% to 40% of the cooling capacity in the formation of hoarfrost are consumed in an air conditioning system with per se conventional ventilation. With the application of the volume flow distribution by diffusion according to the invention, this power loss can be reduced to less than 10%.

The optimization of the method according to the invention has shown that a volume distribution controlled as a continuous aeration process is to be carried out in the exchange phase in the rooms, so that a constant diffusion effect is maintained. It is envisaged that in the exchange phase a controlled as non-intermittent ventilation process volume flow distribution is performed. The air conditioning method for a building is designed so that the volume flow distribution by diffusion is carried out simultaneously in several rooms of a building having the ventilation system. It is also conceivable that a diffusion system is built time-displaced in several rooms.

Starting from known methods for room air conditioning (for example EP 0 851 179 B1), the process control according to the invention provides that during the exchange phase in the at least one room no differential pressure is generated to the environment, while maintaining a balance of supply and exhaust air volume flow.

The effect of the volumetric flow distribution by diffusion, which is directed towards a feel-good atmosphere, can be set variably according to the associated control strategy. In particular, measured values of the volume, the inflow velocity and / or the temperature of fresh incoming air to be introduced into the room can be detected for this purpose.

The method according to the invention can be used efficiently in buildings, which in particular have several, at least two spaces. In each of these two rooms, the air condition is determined by temperature, humidity and / or air quality. The recorded measured values are fed to a data-processing system so that the respective demand values of the supply air are determined therein. Thereafter, respective actuators of the ventilation system are selectively controlled so that the above exchange phase can be introduced. Based on these fundamental parameters of the process management, the inventive concept in the area of the ventilation system is designed such that an energy supplier which can be operated with a currently cost-optimal constellation of its energy carrier can be optionally controlled in each case. In this case, the cost-optimal constellation of the energy carriers can be selected using multiple utilities, and after this selection, the intended for the at least two rooms room climate is set automatically by means of balanced equilibrium supply and exhaust air state. As a result of this regulation, the volume flow distribution is achieved by diffusion in the at least two rooms.

A further improvement of the process control is possible in that a volume flow measurement, a humidity measurement, a temperature measurement and / or an air quality measurement is integrated into the system to achieve preset target parameters in the ventilation system and / or its optimal operation. The processing of the data supplied by means of respective sensors provides that a calculation of the costs per unit of time can be carried out in the area of the data processing system accommodating the respective measured values. The respectively calculated size per time is displayed therein in the area of a display for the interested user of the system.

In terms of a cost-optimal control of the system, it is provided that, on the basis of the cost-per-time determination, an optimization of internal intermediate parameters is carried out, and thus influencing the reference values of the Ventilation system can be effected. The cost-optimal manipulated variables generated in this way are integrated into the concept in such a way that it is possible to directly influence the respective control values in the range of actuators belonging to the ventilation system.

For the above-described method for room air conditioning, the application of a correspondingly adapted device is provided. This is designed according to the invention in such a way that the ventilation system is provided with a total volume flow generating base unit and this is designed so that within a building complex several the respective rooms associated supply devices can be connected to this base unit. In this case, the device provides that all of these supply devices are provided with at least one air measuring unit.

This ensures that by means of a respective balance of supply and exhaust air to the respective room environment differential pressure-free volume flow distribution can be adjusted with diffusion. As a result, the advantageous effects already recorded when using the method described above are then detectable.

The structural implementation of the device according to the invention provides that the air volume flow and / or the respective air state can be detected in front of and behind the base or supply devices. These measured values acquired in the area of the supply devices are fed to a respective control unit having microprocessors. This control unit is application specific to the respective structure of the building complex adapted. It has been shown that, for the optimum equipment of the above-described control unit in the region of its upstream air measuring unit, a sensor system which is equipped with respective volumetric flow meters can be sufficient.

The control unit is designed in such a way that, as a result of measurements of the air state variables and their processing, control signals are generated in respective microprocessors. In particular, it is provided that behind the base unit and before the downstream supply devices respective flap actuators arranged as actuators are motor-displaced and thus particularly efficiently operating actuators are integrated into the system.

The concept of the device for controlling the air conditioning method provides that at least the humidity, the temperature and / or the air quality of the respectively supplied from the base unit volume flows are variable in the supply devices.

It is understood that the measuring devices provided in the area of the volume flow measurement and in the area of the air condition detection have respective sensor systems that can be connected to a data processing system. It is provided that these sensor systems can interact with the control unit via respective optimization programs. In this system, which is controlled by a computer, it is provided that, starting from the base unit of the ventilation system, a single computing module can also be arranged or integrated into the control unit in the area of all supply devices assigned to a particular room. This acquisition matrix ensures that an air state is detected at respective transfer points in the system and cost-optimized parameters can be generated using the internal computer system.

An advantageous further development of the system according to the invention provides that the ventilation system comprising several rooms of a building is provided with a monitoring device which can evaluate respective measured data recorded in the control unit and processed in the assigned processors. This monitoring device is designed in such a way that a visual display of the respective measurement data is possible and from whose evaluation by the user optimum changes can be set.

It is provided that respective, integrated in the ventilation system in the area of the base unit and the supply devices control components - starting from the control unit - are connected to at least one controllable by the data processing system display. For the rapid detection of the current operating state, it is provided that the respective functions of actuators and / or sensors of the system are displayed by means of geometric figures. Thus, working in the optimum range of the system can be detected quickly, and in case of detection of unwanted deviations, the cost-optimal operating conditions can be re-adjusted by appropriate corrections.

An efficient representation on the display provides that a direct display and evaluation of the system influences detectable in the area of the sensor systems becomes possible. For the user, a rapid rule comparison should be possible by optical detection of respective variable variables by means of geometric figures. A further embodiment of this visual monitoring device provides that the system influences which can be detected by the sensor system can be seen by a correlation of color displays of the geometric figures and thus an improved signal effect in the area of the monitoring device can be achieved.

Further details and advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following description in which the process sequence according to the invention is illustrated by means of respective, integrated into a device with ventilation system controlled systems. In the drawing show:

1 is a schematic overview of a flow control in the area of a multi-room building by means of a specific control unit, 2 is an overview of the internal program flow inside the control unit,

Fig. 3 is an overview of the control curves in the range of supply air, exhaust air and

Butterfly valves for volume flow distribution with diffusion in the room,

4 is an enlarged detail view of the control unit of the system of FIG. 1 with representation of the respective microprocessors,

5 is a schematic representation of the control parameters for volume flow distribution by diffusion for several rooms,

Fig. 6 and

Fig. 7 respective overview representations similar to Fig. 5 with two concrete

Numerical examples of a balance control representing the volume flow distribution,

8 is an overview view similar to Figure 1 with the ventilation system in a building and a dedicated control unit with cost optimization,

9 is a schematic overview of the program flow in the cost optimization, 10 is an overview view similar to FIG. 8 with a commercial evaluation of control parameters,

11 is an overview view similar to FIG. 10 with a detection unit connected to the air-conditioning device, FIG.

12 is an overview of the program flow in the area of

Microprocessors of the detection unit according to FIG. 11,

13 shows an overview representation for the connection of a visual monitoring unit to the ventilation system,

14 shows an overview of the program sequence integrated into the monitoring unit,

15 is an overview view similar to FIG. 14 with an example of a graphical representation, FIG.

16 shows an exemplary embodiment with concrete measured values in the ventilation system and corresponding display of consumption values,

Fig. 17 to

23 shows respective examples of graphical representations of respective display sizes, wherein temperature and humidity are illustrated, Fig. 24 is an evaluation of the energy consumption of a reference object with supply and exhaust air control conventional type, and

Fig. 25 is an evaluation of the energy consumption at the same reference object with inventive control.

In Fig. 1, a generally designated 1 ventilation system is shown as a means for performing an air conditioning method in a building 2. Based on known devices for ventilating the ventilation system 1 is provided with a total volume flow 3 generating base unit 4, which may be connected to heating and / or cooling units not shown. With this base unit 4, starting from a supply air fan 5, respective supply devices 8, 9 and disposal devices 10, 11, together with the rooms 6 and 7 of the building 2, which are shown here with a variable number of rooms R, act together. All of these in the further description serving as a reference feature four devices 8, 9, 10, 11 are provided with at least one air measuring unit 10 'and 11'. By means of these air measuring units 10 ', 1', respective measured values of air volume flows Vzu or Vab can be supplied to a control unit 12 (FIG. 4) designed according to the invention.

The procedural concept of this device of an improved ventilation system 1 according to the invention is directed to the fact that in each case before and behind the spaces 6, 7 at least the air volume flow Vzu or Vab is detected. Out- proceeding from these measured values, a process control is established with which by means of a respective equilibrium of supply and exhaust air, a volume flow distribution with diffusion in the spaces 6, 7 can be adjusted. This difference-free volume flow distribution with diffusion for the respective room environment is thereby achieved "automatically" since, starting from an entry point P, P 'of a feed 20, 20', a natural diffusion effect in the rooms 6, 7 is efficiently utilized.

The system is designed in such a way that the respective air volume flow Vzu, Vab is detected in front of and behind the technically variable base, supply and / or disposal devices and at least these measured values are fed to the control unit 12 and thus the volume flow distribution with diffusion as logical The consequence of this permanent measurement process is maintained. The following applies:

From the combination of FIGS. 1 and 4, it becomes clear that the detection of the air condition parameters according to d (temperature), φ (humidity) and κ (indoor air quality) are detected simultaneously in the rooms 6, 7. In the region of the control unit 12, these measured values assigned to the room data Ri, R2... RN are detected by means of respective microprocessors 13, 13 'for the supply air volume flow Vzu and 14, 14' for the exhaust air volume flow Vab, and corresponding control signals are transmitted via output-side microprocessors 15, 16. For this purpose, it is envisaged that a selected or joint control of supply fan 5 and exhaust fan 5 'and / or respective throttle valves 18, 19 takes place. In the embodiment according to FIG. 13 and FIG. 15, two controllable throttle valves 18, 19 for the one space 6 are shown.

The devices are designed so that at least one volumetric flow meter 17 is integrated into the system in the area of the air measuring units 10, 11.

Starting from this basic concept, the control processes illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 7 can be carried out, with a corresponding optimization of the diffusion in the spaces 6 and 7 being achieved as a result of the measurement of air state variables and their processing in the control unit 12. An optimal embodiment of the concept provides that the supply devices provided in front of and behind the spaces 6, 7 have, as actuators, respective throttle valves 18, 19, damper actuators, control valves, ventilators or the like. These constructively variably interpretable actuators can be activated by means of the signals generated in the control unit 12 according to the invention. It is thereby achieved that the components of the flap plates 18, 19 which can be displaced by means of motors M regulate the respective supply and exhaust air for optimum diffusion distribution in the spaces 6 and 7.

This influencing of the device 1 according to the invention, also referred to as balance control, is illustrated in the illustrations according to FIGS. 5 to 7 by means of respective concrete numerical examples for the volume flow distribution V _to and Vab. 1, it becomes clear for the individual rooms 6 and 7 that during an exchange phase, a predeterminable supply air volume flow Vzu and a compensating exhaust air volume flow Vab can be displaced so that thereafter in the respective space 6, 7 a volume flow distribution by diffusion is effected. This exchange phase can be controlled as a continuous ventilation process in the area of the supply air fan 5 and the exhaust fan 5 '. In particular, it is provided that this ventilation process is not intermittent and thus a constant feel-good atmosphere in the rooms 6 and 7 can be produced.

Starting from the installation of the ventilation system 1 in a building 2, it is provided that the volume flow distribution can be carried out by diffusion simultaneously or with a time delay in more than the illustrated two rooms 6, 7 (FIG. 1, room 7 '). An essential criterion of the process management results from the fact that during the exchange phase in the rooms 6, 7, 7 'by means of the equilibrium of supply and exhaust air volume flow no differential pressure to the environment is generated.

In this exchange phase directed to a feel-good atmosphere effect of the volume flow distribution by diffusion according to the volume flow of the inflow and / or the temperature of fresh air to be introduced into the room 6, 7 fresh supply air flow can be made largely variable. With the concept illustrated in two variants in FIGS. 1 and 13, it is possible to measure a respective air state defined by temperature, humidity and / or air quality in at least one of the rooms 6, 7, 7 'of the building 2 Measured values of a data-processing system in the form of the customizable control unit 12, for example, with the microprocessors 13, 14, 15, 16, supply. In this control technology expandable area, the respective demand value of the supply air is determined, so that thereafter the ventilation system 1 is controlled overall user-friendly and the desired well-being climate is achieved with optimal energy use.

From an overview of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the schematic program sequence when using the diffusion control according to the invention can be seen. In the spaces Ri to RN, the respective data are detected in accordance with θ, φ and κ, and in the control unit 12 (Figure 4), the corresponding processing is performed (Figure 3 a, b, c). Starting from a minimum speed in the range of an exhaust fan speed (at 5 ', Fig. 3c) and a control in the region of a valve 20, 20', 20 _n (Figure 1) - that according to a control curve in Fig. 3a to a Maximum value can be opened - set the respective minimum exhaust air flap opening (Fig. 1, at 19) for the flow rate.

In an area of minimal supply air ZL (FIG. 3 b), cold or warm air can be supplied according to requirements, so that the valve 20 can assume an optimum position V S, for example, and also the ventilator 5 'for the exhaust air has an optimal average power position AS. This is done with the lowest energy input activates the diffusion according to the invention and ensures the feel-good climate. In addition, the whole system works with low noise due to laminar flow in the air channels.

FIGS. 5 to 7 show respective examples of the control sequence with a logic integrated in the control unit 12 for processing the measured values. Starting from the general overview in FIG. 5, the balance controls in FIGS. 6 and 7 show concrete numerical examples, wherein corresponding air volume flow requirements are defined starting from the spaces 6, 7, T... 7N and from this the respective exhaust air - Volume flows in the range of actuators 19 are determined.

An advantageous application of the method according to the invention provides that in the area of the ventilation system 1, a power supply operable with a currently cost-optimal constellation of its energy carrier can be controlled with little effort. The basic sequence of this process control is shown in the overview representations according to FIGS. 8 to 12. This concept is aimed at selecting a cost-optimal constellation of respective energy carriers (eg electricity, oil, pellets, geothermal heat, etc.), especially when using several energy suppliers. With effective use of energy, the room climate provided for the at least two rooms 6, 7 is then adjusted, whereby automatic control is effective by means of the balanced, balanced intake and exhaust air state. In this case, the system controlled by special programs - which are implemented in the respective control unit 12, 12 '(FIG. 8) adapted to the user-specific conditions - can be designed such that for achieving preset setpoint parameters in the ventilation system 1 and / or the latter cost-optimized operation variable measuring and sensing modules can be used.

In particular, a volumetric flow measurement, a moisture measurement, a temperature measurement and / or an air quality measurement are integrated into the system (FIGS. 1, 8 to 11). Based on this, the expanded program sequence according to FIG. 12 shows an advantageous embodiment of the system in which a calculation of the costs per unit time can be carried out in the area of the data-processing system 12 ', FIG. 11 accommodating the respective measured values. In all representations corresponding symbols and pictograms are used for equivalent components, so that these professional references are not to be explained again in each individual case.

8, starting from a base unit generally denoted by 4 for the building not shown in more detail, with the two rooms RB (eg bathroom) and RW (eg living room) a feeder 20 'is shown next to the sensors for volume flow, temperature and / or humidity has a controllable cooler 22 and a controllable heater 23 in the region of the supply air fan 5. With these modules, a "supplier" that reacts variably by means of the control unit 12 'can be provided. Above all, an optimization to this effect is possible that the "cheapest" supply air for the rooms RB and RW is provided from a cost point of view.

In this case, the cheapest volume flow supply can also be achieved by cooling the warm supply air generated in the base unit 4 in the cooler 22, since this can cause / cause less costs than a direct production of "cold air". For this purpose, the control unit 12 'in the region of its processors 24, 25, 26, which are not described in greater detail, can be replaced by adapted software according to the program flowcharts 27, 27' in FIG. 9 and FIG. 12 in accordance with the acquired measured values (volume flow, temperature, Humidity). The basis for this optimization of the volume flow distribution through diffusion in the rooms RB and RW forms a precise measurement of the respective volume flows Vzu and Vab both in front of and behind the units.

The expedient use of a computer C in conjunction with the control unit 12 'according to the invention can be seen from the schematic diagrams in FIGS. 10 and 11. Starting from a supply 20 "forming heating and measuring range HM for at least one of the above-described spaces 6, 7, 7 ', RB, RW, the respective data of a current cooling price, heating price and electric price to the control unit 12th In the area of the processors 24 ', 25' and 26 '(FIG. 11), these "prices" can be merged with the measured data from the HM measuring section in such a way that respective data (as indicated by arrow A' in FIG. Efficiency, performance, costs) get into the computer C. Here can the Data displayed in the area of a display D and quickly evaluated by the user.

An advantageous extension of this display and evaluation system is achieved in that an effective user information in the manner of a "process monitoring" can be integrated into this optimizable "diffusion control". In this case, an optical-graphic display in the area of the display is used for the user of the system on the basis of the respectively calculated numerical quantities (FIG. 13). Thus, an individual influence on the system can be carried out, or there is an automatic optimization according to the cost specifications. The basic sequence of this "cost monitoring" by means of graphical display is illustrated in Fig. 14 with reference to a general program flow 28.

It is provided that, on the basis of the cost-per-time determination, an optimization of internal intermediate parameters is carried out and an influencing of the reference variables (temperature θ, room humidity φ and volume flow dV / dt) of the ventilation system 1 can take place. It is understood that a direct effect on respective control values in the area of the actuators 18, 19 belonging to the ventilation system 1 is possible by means of the cost-optimal control variables. From an overview of FIGS. 15 and 16, the control technology basis for displaying a temperature display T and a humidity display F in connection with the measured values θ and φ in the room 6 becomes clear. From a basic representation of the integrated logic operator in FIG. 16, the basis of calculation for the optimizable statement on the humidity φ can be seen (starting from FIG. 18). correspond Accordingly, the detected temperature θ (starting from FIG. 17) is evaluated and displayed as a graphic display on the display D (FIG. 13). This consideration is based on the fact that in FIG. 17 - for the example of the room temperature θ - respective standard values that can be varied between the lines N (= zero) and E (= one) are specified.

This results in the respective regions W1, W2 and W3, in the region of which a current plumb line LL can be displaced in accordance with the adjustment direction ER. This makes it clear that the current plumb line LL for the room 6 indicates an area with the tendency "too cold" and thus a corresponding manual or automatic tracking of the system is displayed. FIG. 18 shows analogous representations for the "monitoring" of the room humidity φ, the values φ = zero and φ = one being defined here between the lines N and E. The plumb line LL 'is currently in an area F1 (very dry), so that a shift of the control system in the direction F2 or F3 is displayed. In any case, the horizontal position UP of the line MW represents the desired flap position 19.

From FIGS. 19 to 23, starting from, for example, FIG. 17, FIG. 18 or the display D, the respective parameters shown in terms of weight are obtained for specific control situations. In this case, the user can optically record the requirements of the control system 12 on the basis of a graph (FIG. 15) with a vertical average value MW (FIG. 19) and the necessary adaptation requirement for achieving the "feel-good climate" by means of a graphic Assess diffusion initiation. This "beam balance" KHS symbolizes the requirements for the throttle valve 19, whereby this requirement is represented by the triangle symbols (large: heavy demand / small: low demand) in the range between 0% (left) and 100% (right) can lie. The line of the mean value MW is normalized vertically from UP (= zero) to OP (= one), wherein in one direction according to arrow KS a shift by regulation can take place. In the illustrations, the humidity F or F 'is shown as an example in the triangles.

Starting from FIG. 19 with a "balanced" control situation which can be understood by the user, further examples with different positions of the optimally adjusted mean value MW (control value in UP) are shown in FIGS. 20 to 23, whereby no further explanation is required.

In extension of the above-described system according to FIG. 19, further system variables influencing the position UP of the "measuring beam" MW are conceivable as conceivable triangles for the air quality LQ, variable humidity VF, ambient temperature UT or the like , In this way, a "summation" of several surface portions (FIG. 23) can be achieved so that different "weights" act on the bar image and thus the manipulated variable UP is depicted as the pivot point of a balance. In this case, the length of the "balance beam" is divided so that this - in the context of the invention - is balanced and thus the desired optimal diffusion parameters in the rooms 6, 7, 7 ', Ri to RN are constructed.

A comparison of measurement data for the respective climate control with the method according to the prior art (FIG. 24) and the improved method with volume flow distribution according to the invention by means of diffusion (FIG. 25) make a significant difference from the illustrations in FIGS. 24 and 25 clear. There- starting from the room conditions which are perceived as comfortable in rooms of a building complex, the moving air volumes are evaluated on the basis of the respective fan effects.

The reference object was operated in a first step with a "differential pressure system" (in accordance with EP 0 851 179 B1) over a respective detection period EZ-here of one year-in which the fan speed-fluctuation fluctuations in FIG. The resulting measurement data can be detected and these also indirectly represent the energy consumption. This energy balance, which can be detected directly via measurements of fan speed fluctuations, was also set up in a second step with the "volume flow method" according to the invention - in the same object - and resulted in lower fluctuations and thus lower energy consumption (FIG. 25).

The respective utilization curves AK and AK 'recorded via the utilization values AW show that the energy consumption characteristics are substantially reduced as a consequence of the respective regulations in the system operating at constant volume flow at a comparatively 10% to 20% lower level ( Fig. 25).

Thus, the advantages of a process control oriented to stability of the control - namely: volumetric flow distribution by diffusion - also become clear from an economic point of view, since, with improved comfort and comfort criteria, respective energy savings are already based on the lower fan activity. are demonstrable. In the new system, the laminar flow, which is perceived as pleasant by the user, is maintained long-term stable, and at the same time the control algorithms required hitherto in the prior art-which relate in particular to the external and spatial pressure difference-can advantageously be saved.

Claims

claims

1. A method for room air conditioning in a building (2), wherein by means of an adjustable ventilation system (1) a supply air volume in at least one room (6, 7) introducing and discharging a substantially equal volume of exhaust air exchange phase is activated, characterized in that during an exchangeable phase, a predeterminable supply air volume flow and a compensating this exhaust air volume flow are displaced and thereby in the space (6, 7, 7 ', Ri ... RN) a volume flow distribution is caused by diffusion.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the exchange phase controlled as a continuous aeration process volume flow distribution is performed.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the exchange phase controlled as a non-intermittent ventilation process volume flow distribution is performed.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the volume flow distribution by diffusion simultaneously or with a time delay in several rooms (6, 7, 7 ', Ri ... RN) of the ventilation system (1) having building (2) is carried out.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that during the exchange phase in the at least one space (6) by means of a balance of supply and exhaust air volume flow no differential pressure is generated to the environment.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the directed to a feel-good atmosphere effect of the volume flow distribution by diffusion at least according to the volume (V _to ), the inflow velocity and the temperature (θ) of in the space (6, 7 , 7 ', Ri ... RN) to be introduced fresh supply volume is varied.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in at least two spaces (6, 7) of the building (2) a respective, by temperature (θ), humidity (φ) and / or air quality (x) defined Measured air condition, the measured values of a data processing system (12, 12 ', 12 ") supplied, in this the respective demand values of the supply air determined and then the ventilation system (1) is controlled.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that in the area of the ventilation system (1) a currently cost-optimal constellation of its energy-operable energy supplier is controlled.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that using a plurality of energy suppliers, the cost-optimal constellation of energy sources from selected and for the at least two rooms (6, 7) provided room climate is set automatically by means of the balanced balanced supply and exhaust air state.

10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that integrated to achieve preset target parameters in the ventilation system (1) and / or its cost-optimal operation, a volume flow measurement, a humidity measurement, a temperature measurement and / or an air quality measurement in the system will be.

11. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that in the region of the respective measured values receiving data processing system (12), a calculation of the cost per unit time is performed.

12. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the respectively calculated size of the costs per time in the region of a display (D) is displayed.

13. The method of claim 11 or 12, characterized in that based on the cost-per-time determination carried out an optimization of internal intermediate parameters and thus influencing the reference variables of the ventilation system (1) is effected.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that by means of cost-optimal manipulated variables a direct action on respective control values in the range of the ventilation system (1) belonging actuators (18, 19) takes place.

15. Device for carrying out the air conditioning method according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the ventilation system (1) is provided with a total volume flow (3) generating base unit (4), with this respective, the spaces (6, 7, 7 ', Ri ... RN) and disposal devices (10, 11) cooperate and provide all of these devices with at least one respective measured value to a control unit (12) supplying air measuring unit (10', 11 ') are such that in front of and behind the spaces (6, 7) at least the air volume can be detected and by means of a respective balance of supply and exhaust air to the respective room environment differential pressure-free volume flow distribution with diffusion is adjustable.

16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that in front of and behind the base, supply and disposal devices (4, 8, 9, 10, 1 1), the air volume (Vzu, V _a t>) and / or a respective Air condition (θ, φ, κ) is detectable and these measurements of a microprocessor (13, 13 ', 14, 14', 24, 25, 26, 24 ', 25', 26 ') having control unit (12, 12', 12 ") are fed.

17. Device according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that in the region of the air measuring units (10 ', 1 1') in each case at least one volumetric flow meter (17) is provided.

18. Device according to one of claims 5 to 17, characterized in that as a result of the measurement of air state variables and their processing in the control unit (12, 12 ', 12 ") respectively before and behind the spaces (6, 7, 7' Ri ... RN) supply devices (8, 9, 10, 1 1) arranged as actuators flap actuator (18, 19) are activated and whose motor-displaceable components (M) regulate the respective supply and exhaust air for diffusion distribution.

19. Device according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that in the area of the supply devices (8, 9, 10, 1 1) at least the humidity (φ), the temperature (θ) and / or the air quality (κ) of the from the base unit (4) supplied volume flows (20) is variable / are.

20. Device according to one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that provided in the region of the volume flow measurement (V _to ; Vat>) and in the state of air condition (θ, φ, Q, κ) measuring devices respective, with a data processing system (12, 12 ', 12 "; C) have connectable digital sensor systems and these cooperate with the control unit via optimization programs.

21. Device according to one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that, starting from the base unit (4) of the ventilation system (1) in the area all, a respective space (6, 7, 7 ', Ri ... RN) assigned Supply devices (8, 9, 10, 1 1) a single computing module is arranged such that at respective gene transfer points in the system (P, P ') a cost-optimal air condition can be detected and regulated provided.

22. Device according to one of claims 15 to 21, characterized in that the ventilation system (1) with a in the control unit (12) detected and in processors (13, 13 ', 14, 14') processed measurement data visually indicating monitoring device ( C) is provided.

23. Device according to claim 22, characterized in that respective control components integrated in the ventilation system (1) in the region of the base unit (4) and the supply units (8, 9, 10, 11) starting from the control unit (12, 12 ', 12 ") are connected to at least one display (D) which can be controlled by the data processing system (C).

24. Device according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the respective functions of actuators and / or sensors of the system (1) by means of geometric figures (F, F ') can be displayed.

25. Device according to one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that an immediate display and evaluation of detectable in the field of sensor systems system influences by means of respective variable sizes of geometric figures (F, F ') is provided.

26. Device according to one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that the detectable with the sensor systems system influences by a correlation of color displays of the geometric figures (F, F ') are visible.