WO2016058072A1 - Turbulence reducer with inner concavity - Google Patents

Turbulence reducer with inner concavity Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016058072A1
WO2016058072A1 PCT/BR2015/050180 BR2015050180W WO2016058072A1 WO 2016058072 A1 WO2016058072 A1 WO 2016058072A1 BR 2015050180 W BR2015050180 W BR 2015050180W WO 2016058072 A1 WO2016058072 A1 WO 2016058072A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
thickness
turbulence
turbulence reducer
profile
steel
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Application number
PCT/BR2015/050180
Other languages
French (fr)
Portuguese (pt)
Inventor
Haysler Apolinário Amoroso LIMA
Original Assignee
Saint-Gobain do Brasil Produtos Industriais e para Construção Ltda.
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Application filed by Saint-Gobain do Brasil Produtos Industriais e para Construção Ltda. filed Critical Saint-Gobain do Brasil Produtos Industriais e para Construção Ltda.
Priority to BR112017007262-9A priority Critical patent/BR112017007262B1/en
Publication of WO2016058072A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016058072A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/103—Distributing the molten metal, e.g. using runners, floats, distributors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/02—Linings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new concept of turbulence reducer for dispensers used in the continuous casting process in steelmaking.
  • turbulence reducer for dispensers used in the continuous casting process in steelmaking.
  • the secondary refining process allows for greater control and adjustment of the chemical quality of the product.
  • deoxidizing elements such as metallic aluminum promotes the reduction of free oxygen through the formation of alumina.
  • Alumina is dissolved in the liquid steel during the entire transfer from the pan to the ingot. Alumina, due to chemical incompatibility with steel under the usual processing conditions, partially incorporates into the slag that will be separated later.
  • Alumina which is not separated from steel during the refining process causes quality defects after solidification. Therefore, the capture and separation of alumina particles is extremely important to ensure or improve the quality of the steel produced.
  • the passage of molten steel by the distributor prior to the casting process has an important contribution to this alumina elimination process.
  • the turbulence reducer consists of a refractory box located at the bottom of the distributor, aligned with the long tube of the steel pan.
  • US5358551 which describes a flat impact bottom turbulence reducer and concave inner surface side walls formed by a continuous curve, can be cited.
  • This internal shape considers a constant radius, semicircle type, whose purpose is to redirect part of the flow against the steel inlet through the long tube.
  • the upper flaps extending from the side walls into the device are not precisely described.
  • Patent application published as WO 96/14951 describes a turbulence reducer having a flat impact bottom, also flat inner surface sidewalls and forming a right inner angle with the upper flaps. This internal shape is intended to break the turbulence caused by steel entering the long tube. Both configurations have a flat bottom and have upper sidewalls and flaps forming an inner surface such that part of the flow is directed to the incident steel jet driven by the long tube. These configurations greatly reduce the turbulence caused by the long tube leakage, but in a brutal manner, which causes faster wear and mechanical degradation of the reducer and also the long tube. Furthermore, the invention of WO 96/14951 does not create a flow conducive to homogenization of the steel temperature within the distributor.
  • the efficiency in terms of flow homogenization and inclusion removal is estimated by mathematical and / or physical modeling.
  • the durability of the device is linked not only to its shape, but also to the refractory material that makes it up, and can only be assessed by testing under real steelmaking conditions. It must be equal to or greater than the distributor run time at which the turbulence reducer is installed.
  • the present invention describes a novel format for turbulence reducers, and also defines the refractories that can make it up. Compared to existing turbulence reducers, the present invention has the advantages of even more effective homogenization of the temperature of the steel within the distributor, a higher rate of removal of inclusions and a longer durability of the device.
  • the turbulence reducer with thickness variations in the sidewalls and bottom of the present invention has been developed in order to reduce the thermal gradients of steel in the distributor, maximize the elimination of non-metallic inclusions. and increase the durability of the device.
  • FIGURE 1 is an overall view of the internal concavity turbulence reducer of the present invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a cross-sectional view of the internal concavity turbulence reducer of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 3 relates to the numerical study of turbulence reducer configurations: (A) of WO 96/14951; (B) US5358551; and (C) of the present invention.
  • the present invention describes a turbulence reducer whose geometry is characterized by (see Figure 2):
  • a base thickness between 20 and 100 mm, preferably between 30 and 60 mm, the outside having a shape adapted to the bottom of the dispenser, in most cases flat, and the inside having a profile defined such that the thickness varies. between el and e2, where:
  • the smallest thickness e2 is at a distance D from the plane of symmetry of the part
  • the profile delineated between 1 and 2 is such that it results in a strictly decreasing thickness variation and is preferably rounded to give a convex bottom;
  • Peripheral sidewalls extending upwardly from the base with an ⁇ orientation of between 60 ° and 95 °, with a minimum thickness hl between 20 mm and 100 mm, preferably between 30 mm and 50 mm, the outside having preferably flat geometry. and the inner part with a profile defined such that the thickness varies between hl, h2 and h3, where: hl> 1.05 x h3;
  • lateral thickness hl originates from the point of lowest bottom thickness e2;
  • thickness hl is at a distance B from the base, with A / 3 ⁇ B ⁇ 2/3 x A;
  • thickness h3 is positioned at a distance C from the base, with C ⁇ 5/6 x A;
  • the delineated profile between hl and hl is such that it results in a strictly decreasing thickness variation and the delineated profile between h2 and h3 is such that it results in a strictly increasing thickness variation. Both profiles have a preferably rounded shape, thereby obtaining preferably concave sidewalls.
  • the turbulence reducer has at least 2 symmetry planes within the usual tolerances of a refractory part of these dimensions. Therefore, it can be manufactured from a square, rectangular, round, elliptical, octahedral base, etc.
  • the thickness variations of the sidewalls are such that the reduction of kinetic energy within the reducer is smoother, generating less fluid dynamics within of the device. This effect minimizes refractory wear and thus increases its durability.
  • the sidewalls have an internal surface apparently similar to that described by US5358551, the geometry proposed by the present invention limits the thickness ratio h3 to h2 in order to reduce the fluid dynamic force acting on the upper flaps and attenuate the generated vortices. by the flow in the outlet region of the turbulence reducer.
  • the flow obtained in the device described by the present invention is also improved thanks to the thicker non-flat bottom 3 in its central part. Such geometry allows for a better flow split, smoothes the steel jet inlet and reinforces the impact zone.
  • the present invention provides a steel flow within the distributor most conducive to temperature homogenization.
  • the invention features a turbulence reducer whose geometry softens the incident flow of the pan valve, allowing a reduction in the stirring energy of the steel, making it possible to flotate non-metallic inclusions and homogenize the temperature of the steel within. from the distributor.
  • the greater thickness in the central part of the bottom 3 of the gear unit, which corresponds to the impact region of the jet, also allows an increase in the life of the part, since this region is the one with the highest wear.
  • the relationships defined between the different thicknesses of the sidewalls are such that the fluid dynamic force acting in the vertical direction on the upper flap is reduced, which allows an increase of the resistance of the gear unit.
  • this type of request is further characterized by the fact that the upper flaps extending from the side walls towards the interior of the device are preferably chamfered or rounded on the outside thereof 2, therefore without corners. which gives the part a more mechanical resistance high in this region, thus avoiding possible breakage problems during handling or installation operations.
  • the principle of operation is based on receiving at the central part of the bottom of the turbulence gear the steel flow 5 from the long tube 4, and distributing the flow evenly over the bottom of the gear unit. to the highest point of thickness in the center of the device. This greater thickness in the jet's impact region also allows for longer part life, as this region is the most wear-resistant. Then, the flow of steel 6 flows through the sidewalls 1, the geometry of which directs it partly to meet the incident flow itself, further reducing the kinetic energy of the steel and following a trajectory such that the fluid dynamic force acting vertically on the upper wall is reduced.
  • This turbulence reducer of the present invention differs from the other existing turbulence reducers by the specific profiles described for the bottom and sidewalls, which make the part more effective in homogenizing the steel temperature inside the distributor, more efficient. in removing non-metallic inclusions and more mechanically resistant to fluid dynamic demands resulting from flow within the device.
  • the upper walls extending from the side walls towards the interior of the device are chamfered or rounded on the outside, thus without sharp edges.
  • the constituting material is an alumina (A1 2 0 3 > 50% content) or magnesia (MgO> 50%) refractory or spinel (MgAl 2 0 4 > 50% content).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a turbulence reducer with a specific geometry, characterised in that it has an inner design with thickness variations of the sidewalls and bottom, such that the incident flow from the pot valve is smoothed, making it possible to reduce the energy required for stirring the steel, to float non-metallic inclusions and to homogenise the temperature inside the manifold. The top walls of the turbulence reducer disclosed by the present invention are preferably chamfered or rounded, that is to say without sharp edges.

Description

"REDUTOR DE TURBULÊNCIA COM CONCAVIDADE INTERNA"  "INTERNAL CONCAVITY TURBULENCE REDUCER"
Campo Técnico  Technical Field
[0001] A presente invenção refere-se a um novo conceito de redutor de turbulência para distribuidores usados no processo de lingotamento contínuo em aciaria. Através de um desenho interno específico, com variações de espessura nas paredes laterais e no fundo da peça descrita pela presente invenção, o fluxo de aço incidente da válvula da panela é parcialmente suavizado, permitindo uma quebra da energia de agitação do aço. Como resultado, torna-se possível uma flotação mais eficiente de inclusões não metálicas e uma melhor homogeneização do distribuidor.  The present invention relates to a new concept of turbulence reducer for dispensers used in the continuous casting process in steelmaking. Through a specific internal design, with thickness variations in the side walls and bottom of the workpiece described by the present invention, the incident steel flow from the pan valve is partially smoothed, allowing a breakage of the stirring energy of the steel. As a result, more efficient flotation of non-metallic inclusions and better homogenization of the distributor is possible.
Estado da Técnica Atual  Current State of the Art
[0002] Durante o processo de fabricação de aço, o processo de refino secundário permite um maior controle e ajuste da qualidade química do produto. Através de adições de elementos desoxidantes tais como o alumínio metálico, promove-se a redução do oxigénio livre, através da formação de alumina. A alumina fica dissolvida no aço líquido durante todo o translado da panela para o lingotamento. A alumina, por apresentar incompatibilidade química com o aço nas condições usuais de processamento, incorpora-se parcialmente na escória que será posteriormente separada. During the steelmaking process, the secondary refining process allows for greater control and adjustment of the chemical quality of the product. The addition of deoxidizing elements such as metallic aluminum promotes the reduction of free oxygen through the formation of alumina. Alumina is dissolved in the liquid steel during the entire transfer from the pan to the ingot. Alumina, due to chemical incompatibility with steel under the usual processing conditions, partially incorporates into the slag that will be separated later.
[0003] A alumina que não é separada do aço durante o processo de refino, provoca defeitos de qualidade após solidificação. Portanto, a captação e separação das partículas de alumina são extremamente importantes para assegurar ou melhorar a qualidade do aço produzido. A passagem do aço fundido pelo distribuidor antes do processo de lingotamento tem uma contribuição importante a este processo de eliminação da alumina. Alumina which is not separated from steel during the refining process causes quality defects after solidification. Therefore, the capture and separation of alumina particles is extremely important to ensure or improve the quality of the steel produced. The passage of molten steel by the distributor prior to the casting process has an important contribution to this alumina elimination process.
[0004] Outro fator importante no funcionamento do distribuidor diz respeito à heterogeneidade do aço em termos de temperatura. Por efeitos convectivos e de troca térmica, há gradientes de temperatura no aço ao longo do distribuidor. Em caso de gradientes excessivos, perdas devidas a paradas por obstrução ou perfuração do veio podem ocorrer. Another important factor in the functioning of the distributor concerns the heterogeneity of steel in terms of temperature. Due to convective and heat exchange effects, there are temperature gradients in the steel along the distributor. In case of excessive gradients, losses due to downtime obstruction or perforation of the shaft may occur.
[0005] Diversas técnicas de direcionamento de fluxo foram desenvolvidas para suavizar as linhas de escoamento do aço dentro do distribuidor, permitindo a flotação das inclusões, principalmente de alumina, e a redução de zonas mortas no distribuidor de forma a evitar gradientes de temperatura excessivos. Dentre estas técnicas, o principal dispositivo desenvolvido é o Redutor de Turbulência.  Several flow directional techniques have been developed to smooth the steel flow lines within the distributor, allowing flotation of inclusions, especially alumina, and reducing dead zones in the distributor to avoid excessive temperature gradients. Among these techniques, the main device developed is the Turbulence Reducer.
[0006] O redutor de turbulência consiste em uma caixa refratária localizada no fundo do distribuidor, alinhada com o tubo longo da panela de aço. O aço que preenche o distribuidor antes de ir para o molde, passa a alta energia cinética por esse dispositivo, que permite uma atenuação parcial do fluxo, de forma a suavizá-lo e homogeneizá-lo dentro do distribuidor.  The turbulence reducer consists of a refractory box located at the bottom of the distributor, aligned with the long tube of the steel pan. The steel that fills the distributor before going to the mold, passes the high kinetic energy through this device, which allows a partial attenuation of the flow in order to smooth and homogenize it inside the distributor.
[0007] A geometria típica dos redutores atuais é caracterizada pela presença de uma aba superior, que quebra parte do fluxo de aço ascendente. Outros formatos foram desenvolvidos com o objetivo de melhorar a homogeneidade de temperatura do aço dentro do distribuidor e/ou aumentar a eficiência de captura de inclusões. [0007] The typical geometry of current gear units is characterized by the presence of an upper flap, which breaks part of the upstream steel flow. Other formats have been developed with the aim of improving steel temperature homogeneity within the distributor and / or increasing the inclusions capture efficiency.
[0008] Pode-se citar, por exemplo, a patente US5358551, que descreve um redutor de turbulência de fundo de impacto plano e paredes laterais de superfície interna côncava formada através de uma curva continua. Este formato interno considera um raio constante, de tipo semicírculo, cujo propósito é redirecionar parte do fluxo contra a entrada de aço pelo tubo longo. As abas superiores, que se estendem das paredes laterais para o interior do dispositivo, não são descritas de maneira precisa.  For example, US5358551, which describes a flat impact bottom turbulence reducer and concave inner surface side walls formed by a continuous curve, can be cited. This internal shape considers a constant radius, semicircle type, whose purpose is to redirect part of the flow against the steel inlet through the long tube. The upper flaps extending from the side walls into the device are not precisely described.
[0009] O pedido de patente publicado como WO 96/14951 descreve um redutor de turbulência tendo um fundo de impacto plano, paredes laterais de superfície interna também planas e formando um ângulo interno reto com as abas superiores. Este formato interno tem o propósito de quebrar a turbulência causada pela entrada de aço pelo tubo longo. [00010] Ambas as configurações apresentam um fundo plano e têm paredes laterais e abas superiores formando uma superfície interna tal que parte do fluxo é dirigida para o jato de aço incidente conduzido pelo tubo longo. Estas configurações reduzem em grande parte a turbulência causada pelo vazamento pelo tubo longo, porém de maneira brutal, o que gera um desgaste e degradação mecânica mais rápida do redutor e também do tubo longo. Além disso, a invenção da patente WO 96/14951 não cria um escoamento propício a uma homogeneização da temperatura do aço dentro do distribuidor. Patent application published as WO 96/14951 describes a turbulence reducer having a flat impact bottom, also flat inner surface sidewalls and forming a right inner angle with the upper flaps. This internal shape is intended to break the turbulence caused by steel entering the long tube. Both configurations have a flat bottom and have upper sidewalls and flaps forming an inner surface such that part of the flow is directed to the incident steel jet driven by the long tube. These configurations greatly reduce the turbulence caused by the long tube leakage, but in a brutal manner, which causes faster wear and mechanical degradation of the reducer and also the long tube. Furthermore, the invention of WO 96/14951 does not create a flow conducive to homogenization of the steel temperature within the distributor.
[00011] Durante a fase de concepção dos redutores de turbulência, a eficiência em termos de homogeneização de fluxo e de remoção de inclusões é estimada através de modelos matemáticos e/ou físicos. A durabilidade do dispositivo está ligada não somente a seu formato, mas também ao material refratário que o compõe, e somente pode ser avaliada por testes em condições reais de produção de aço. Ela deve ser igual ou maior que o tempo de corrida do distribuidor no qual o redutor de turbulência é instalado.  During the design phase of turbulence reducers, the efficiency in terms of flow homogenization and inclusion removal is estimated by mathematical and / or physical modeling. The durability of the device is linked not only to its shape, but also to the refractory material that makes it up, and can only be assessed by testing under real steelmaking conditions. It must be equal to or greater than the distributor run time at which the turbulence reducer is installed.
[00012] A presente invenção descreve um novo formato para redutores de turbulência, e define também os refratários que podem compô-lo. Em relação aos redutores de turbulência já existentes, a presente invenção traz como vantagens uma homogeneização ainda mais efetiva da temperatura do aço dentro do distribuidor, uma taxa mais alta de remoção de inclusões e uma maior durabilidade do dispositivo. The present invention describes a novel format for turbulence reducers, and also defines the refractories that can make it up. Compared to existing turbulence reducers, the present invention has the advantages of even more effective homogenization of the temperature of the steel within the distributor, a higher rate of removal of inclusions and a longer durability of the device.
Solução Proposta Pela Presente Invenção  Solution Proposed By The Present Invention
[00013] Através dos detalhes relatados anteriormente, desenvolveu-se o redutor de turbulência com variações de espessura nas paredes laterais e no fundo da presente invenção, com o propósito de reduzir os gradientes térmicos do aço no distribuidor, maximizar a eliminação de inclusões não metálicas e aumentar a durabilidade do dispositivo. Through the details reported above, the turbulence reducer with thickness variations in the sidewalls and bottom of the present invention has been developed in order to reduce the thermal gradients of steel in the distributor, maximize the elimination of non-metallic inclusions. and increase the durability of the device.
[00014] A presente invenção poderá ser mais bem compreendida pelas seguintes figuras em anexo, onde: The present invention may be better understood by the following figures, where:
a FIGURA 1 refere-se a uma vista global do redutor de turbulência com concavidade interna da presente invenção;  FIGURE 1 is an overall view of the internal concavity turbulence reducer of the present invention;
a FIGURA 2 refere-se a uma vista em corte do redutor de turbulência com concavidade interna da presente invenção; e  FIGURE 2 is a cross-sectional view of the internal concavity turbulence reducer of the present invention; and
a FIGURA 3 refere-se ao estudo numérico das configurações do redutor de turbulência: (A) da WO 96/14951 ; (B) da US5358551 ; e, (C) da presente invenção.  FIGURE 3 relates to the numerical study of turbulence reducer configurations: (A) of WO 96/14951; (B) US5358551; and (C) of the present invention.
[00015] Dessa forma, a presente invenção descreve um redutor de turbulência cuja geometria é caracterizada por (ver Figura 2):  Accordingly, the present invention describes a turbulence reducer whose geometry is characterized by (see Figure 2):
• uma base de espessura entre 20 e 100 mm, preferivelmente entre 30 e 60 mm, tendo a parte externa um formato adaptado ao fundo do distribuidor, na maioria dos casos plana, e a parte interna com um perfil definido de maneira que a espessura varia entre el e e2, sendo:  A base thickness between 20 and 100 mm, preferably between 30 and 60 mm, the outside having a shape adapted to the bottom of the dispenser, in most cases flat, and the inside having a profile defined such that the thickness varies. between el and e2, where:
el > 1,05 x e2;  el> 1.05 x e2;
a maior espessura el se posiciona no plano de simetria da peça;  the largest thickness el is in the plane of symmetry of the part;
a menor espessura e2 se posiciona a uma distância D em relação ao plano de simetria da peça,  the smallest thickness e2 is at a distance D from the plane of symmetry of the part,
com 1/5 x L < D < 2/5 x L; e,  with 1/5 x L <D <2/5 x L; and,
o perfil delineado entre el e e2 é tal que ele resulta em uma variação de espessura estritamente decrescente e possui uma forma preferivelmente arredondada de maneira a obter-se um fundo convexo;  the profile delineated between 1 and 2 is such that it results in a strictly decreasing thickness variation and is preferably rounded to give a convex bottom;
• paredes laterais periféricas se estendendo para cima a partir da base com uma orientação α entre 60° e 95°, com espessura mínima hl entre 20 mm e 100 mm, preferivelmente entre 30 mm e 50 mm, tendo a parte externa de geometria preferivelmente plana e a parte interna com um perfil definido de maneira que a espessura varia entre hl, h2 e h3, sendo: hl > 1,05 x h3; Peripheral sidewalls extending upwardly from the base with an α orientation of between 60 ° and 95 °, with a minimum thickness hl between 20 mm and 100 mm, preferably between 30 mm and 50 mm, the outside having preferably flat geometry. and the inner part with a profile defined such that the thickness varies between hl, h2 and h3, where: hl> 1.05 x h3;
a espessura lateral hl tem como origem o ponto de menor espessura de fundo e2;  lateral thickness hl originates from the point of lowest bottom thickness e2;
1,10 x h2 < h3 < 2,5 x h2,  1.10 x h2 <h3 <2.5 x h2,
preferivelmente 1,30 x hl < h3 < 2,0 x hl;  preferably 1.30 x hl <h3 <2.0 x hl;
h2 < 0,80 x h3;  h2 <0.80 x h3;
a espessura hl se posiciona a uma distância B da base, com A/3 < B < 2/3 x A;  thickness hl is at a distance B from the base, with A / 3 <B <2/3 x A;
a espessura h3 se posiciona a uma distância C da base, com C < 5/6 x A; e,  thickness h3 is positioned at a distance C from the base, with C <5/6 x A; and,
o perfil delineado entre hl e hl é tal que ele resulta em uma variação de espessura estritamente decrescente e o perfil delineado entre h2 e h3 é tal que ele resulta em uma variação de espessura estritamente crescente. Ambos os perfis possuem uma forma preferivelmente arredondada, obtendo- se assim paredes laterais preferivelmente côncavas.  the delineated profile between hl and hl is such that it results in a strictly decreasing thickness variation and the delineated profile between h2 and h3 is such that it results in a strictly increasing thickness variation. Both profiles have a preferably rounded shape, thereby obtaining preferably concave sidewalls.
[00016] Na descrição acima, entende-se que o redutor de turbulência apresenta no mínimo 2 planos de simetria, dentro das tolerâncias usuais de uma peça refratária destas dimensões. Sendo assim, ele pode ser fabricado a partir de uma base em formato quadrado, retangular, redondo, elíptico, octaédrico, etc. In the above description it is understood that the turbulence reducer has at least 2 symmetry planes within the usual tolerances of a refractory part of these dimensions. Therefore, it can be manufactured from a square, rectangular, round, elliptical, octahedral base, etc.
[00017] A vantagem da presente invenção foi verificada em um estudo numérico usando o método dos volumes finitos. As configurações descritas nos documentos de patente US5358551, WO 9614951 e pela presente invenção foram comparadas. As linhas de fluxo obtidas estão apresentadas na Figura 3.  The advantage of the present invention was found in a numerical study using the finite volume method. The configurations described in US5358551, WO 9614951 and the present invention have been compared. The obtained flow lines are shown in Figure 3.
[00018] Na configuração da presente invenção, as variações de espessura das paredes laterais são tais que a redução de energia cinética dentro do redutor é mais suave, gerando menos forças fluidodinâmicas dentro do dispositivo. Este efeito minimiza o desgaste do refratário e aumenta, portanto, sua durabilidade. Apesar das paredes laterais terem uma superfície interna aparentemente similar àquela descrita pela patente US5358551, a geometria proposta pela presente invenção limita a razão entre as espessuras h3 e h2, de forma a reduzir a força fluidodinâmica agindo sobre as abas superiores e a atenuar os vórtices gerados pelo escoamento na região de saída do redutor de turbulência. Além disso, o escoamento obtido no dispositivo descrito pela presente invenção também é melhorado graças ao fundo 3 não plano, com maior espessura em sua parte central. Tal geometria permite uma melhor divisão do fluxo, suaviza a entrado do jato de aço e reforça a zona de impacto. Enfim, nota-se ainda que a presente invenção proporciona um fluxo de aço dentro do distribuidor mais propício à homogeneização de temperatura. In the embodiment of the present invention, the thickness variations of the sidewalls are such that the reduction of kinetic energy within the reducer is smoother, generating less fluid dynamics within of the device. This effect minimizes refractory wear and thus increases its durability. Although the sidewalls have an internal surface apparently similar to that described by US5358551, the geometry proposed by the present invention limits the thickness ratio h3 to h2 in order to reduce the fluid dynamic force acting on the upper flaps and attenuate the generated vortices. by the flow in the outlet region of the turbulence reducer. In addition, the flow obtained in the device described by the present invention is also improved thanks to the thicker non-flat bottom 3 in its central part. Such geometry allows for a better flow split, smoothes the steel jet inlet and reinforces the impact zone. Finally, it is further noted that the present invention provides a steel flow within the distributor most conducive to temperature homogenization.
[00019] Dessa forma, a invenção apresenta um redutor de turbulência cuja geometria suaviza o fluxo incidente da válvula da panela, permitindo uma redução da energia de agitação do aço, tornando possível a flotação de inclusões não metálicas e a homogeneização da temperatura do aço dentro do distribuidor. A maior espessura na parte central do fundo 3 do redutor, que corresponde à região de incidência do jato, permite também um aumento da vida útil da peça, já que esta região é a de desgaste mais acentuado.  Thus, the invention features a turbulence reducer whose geometry softens the incident flow of the pan valve, allowing a reduction in the stirring energy of the steel, making it possible to flotate non-metallic inclusions and homogenize the temperature of the steel within. from the distributor. The greater thickness in the central part of the bottom 3 of the gear unit, which corresponds to the impact region of the jet, also allows an increase in the life of the part, since this region is the one with the highest wear.
[00020] Do ponto de vista da resistência mecânica do dispositivo, as relações definidas entre as diferentes espessuras das paredes laterais são tais que a força fluidodinâmica agindo na direção vertical sobre a aba superior é reduzida, o que permite um aumento da resistência do redutor a este tipo de solicitação. Além disso, o redutor de turbulência da presente invenção é caracterizado também pelo fato de que as abas superiores, que se estendem a partir das paredes laterais em direção ao interior do dispositivo, são preferivelmente chanfradas ou arredondadas em sua parte externa 2, portanto sem quinas vivas, o que confere à peça uma resistência mecânica mais elevada nesta região, evitando assim possíveis problemas de quebra durante as operações de manuseio ou instalação. From the point of view of the mechanical strength of the device, the relationships defined between the different thicknesses of the sidewalls are such that the fluid dynamic force acting in the vertical direction on the upper flap is reduced, which allows an increase of the resistance of the gear unit. this type of request. Furthermore, the turbulence reducer of the present invention is further characterized by the fact that the upper flaps extending from the side walls towards the interior of the device are preferably chamfered or rounded on the outside thereof 2, therefore without corners. which gives the part a more mechanical resistance high in this region, thus avoiding possible breakage problems during handling or installation operations.
[00021] De acordo com as figuras, o princípio de funcionamento baseia- se em receber na parte central do fundo do redutor de turbulência o fluxo de aço 5 que vem do tubo longo 4, e repartir o fluxo por igual pelo fundo do redutor graças ao ponto de espessura mais alto no centro do dispositivo. Esta maior espessura na região de incidência do jato permite também um aumento da vida útil da peça, já que esta região é a de desgaste mais acentuado. Em seguida, o fluxo do aço 6 escoa pelas paredes laterais 1, cuja geometria permite direcioná-lo parte ao encontro do próprio fluxo incidente, reduzindo ainda mais a energia cinética do aço e seguindo uma trajetoria tal que a força fluidodinâmica agindo na direção vertical sobre a parede superior é reduzida.  According to the figures, the principle of operation is based on receiving at the central part of the bottom of the turbulence gear the steel flow 5 from the long tube 4, and distributing the flow evenly over the bottom of the gear unit. to the highest point of thickness in the center of the device. This greater thickness in the jet's impact region also allows for longer part life, as this region is the most wear-resistant. Then, the flow of steel 6 flows through the sidewalls 1, the geometry of which directs it partly to meet the incident flow itself, further reducing the kinetic energy of the steel and following a trajectory such that the fluid dynamic force acting vertically on the upper wall is reduced.
[00022] Este redutor de turbulência da presente invenção difere-se dos demais redutores de turbulência já existentes pelos perfis específicos descritos para o fundo e as paredes laterais, que tornam a peça mais efetiva na homogeneização da temperatura do aço dentro do distribuidor, mais eficiente na remoção de inclusões não metálicas e mais resistente mecanicamente às solicitações fluidodinâmicas resultantes do escoamento dentro do dispositivo. This turbulence reducer of the present invention differs from the other existing turbulence reducers by the specific profiles described for the bottom and sidewalls, which make the part more effective in homogenizing the steel temperature inside the distributor, more efficient. in removing non-metallic inclusions and more mechanically resistant to fluid dynamic demands resulting from flow within the device.
[00023] Numa realização preferencial do redutor de turbulência de acordo com a presente invenção, as paredes superiores, que se estendem a partir das paredes laterais em direção ao interior do dispositivo, são chanfradas ou arredondadas em sua parte externa, portanto sem quinas vivas. In a preferred embodiment of the turbulence reducer in accordance with the present invention, the upper walls extending from the side walls towards the interior of the device are chamfered or rounded on the outside, thus without sharp edges.
[00024] Numa outra realização preferencial do redutor de turbulência de acordo com a presente invenção, o material de constituição é um refratário a base de alumina (teor de A1203 > 50%) ou de magnésia (MgO >50%) ou de espinélio (teor de MgAl204 > 50%). In another preferred embodiment of the turbulence reducer according to the present invention, the constituting material is an alumina (A1 2 0 3 > 50% content) or magnesia (MgO> 50%) refractory or spinel (MgAl 2 0 4 > 50% content).

Claims

REIVINDICAÇÕES
1. Redutor de turbulência com concavidade interna, caracterizado por apresentar:  1. Turbulence reducer with internal concavity, characterized by:
• uma base de espessura entre 20 e 100 mm, preferivelmente entre 30 e 60 mm, tendo a parte externa um formato adaptado ao fundo do distribuidor, na maioria dos casos plana, e a parte interna com um perfil definido de maneira que a espessura varia entre el e e2, sendo:  A base thickness between 20 and 100 mm, preferably between 30 and 60 mm, the outside having a shape adapted to the bottom of the dispenser, in most cases flat, and the inside having a profile defined such that the thickness varies. between el and e2, where:
el > 1,05 x e2;  el> 1.05 x e2;
a maior espessura el se posiciona no plano de simetria da peça;  the largest thickness el is in the plane of symmetry of the part;
a menor espessura e2 se posiciona a uma distância D em relação ao plano de simetria da peça,  the smallest thickness e2 is at a distance D from the plane of symmetry of the part,
com 1/5 x L < D < 2/5 x L; e,  with 1/5 x L <D <2/5 x L; and,
o perfil delineado entre el e e2 é tal que ele resulta em uma variação de espessura estritamente decrescente;  the delineated profile between e1 and e2 is such that it results in a strictly decreasing thickness variation;
• paredes laterais periféricas se estendendo para cima a partir da base com uma orientação α entre 60° e 95°, com espessura mínima hl entre 20 mm e 100 mm, preferivelmente entre 30 mm e 50 mm, tendo a parte externa de geometria preferivelmente plana e a parte interna com um perfil definido de maneira que a espessura varia entre hl, h2 e h3, sendo:  Peripheral sidewalls extending upwardly from the base with an α orientation of between 60 ° and 95 °, with a minimum thickness hl between 20 mm and 100 mm, preferably between 30 mm and 50 mm, the outside having preferably flat geometry. and the inner part with a profile defined such that the thickness varies between hl, h2 and h3, where:
hl > 1,05 x h3;  hl> 1.05 x h3;
a espessura lateral hl tem como origem o ponto de menor espessura de fundo e2;  lateral thickness hl originates from the point of lowest bottom thickness e2;
1,10 x h2 < h3 < 2,5 x h2,  1.10 x h2 <h3 <2.5 x h2,
preferivelmente 1,30 x h2 < h3 < 2,0 x h2;  preferably 1.30 x h2 <h3 <2.0 x h2;
a espessura h2 se posiciona a uma distância B da base, com A/3 < B < 2/3 x A;  thickness h2 is at a distance B from the base, with A / 3 <B <2/3 x A;
a espessura h3 se posiciona a uma distância C da base,  thickness h3 is positioned at a distance C from the base,
com C < 5/6 x A; e, o perfil delineado entre hl e hl é tal que ele resulta em uma variação de espessura estritamente decrescente e o perfil delineado entre h2 e h3 é tal que ele resulta em uma variação de espessura estritamente crescente. with C <5/6 x A; and, the delineated profile between hl and hl is such that it results in a strictly decreasing thickness variation and the delineated profile between h2 and h3 is such that it results in a strictly increasing thickness variation.
2. Redutor de turbulência de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelo fato de que os perfis el-e2, hl-h2 e h2-h3 possuem uma forma arredondada e um fundo convexo, obtendo-se assim paredes laterais côncavas.  Turbulence reducer according to Claim 1, characterized in that the profiles el-e2, hl-h2 and h2-h3 have a rounded shape and a convex bottom, thereby obtaining concave sidewalls.
3. Redutor de turbulência de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 ou 2, caracterizado pelo fato de que as paredes superiores, que se estendem a partir das paredes laterais em direção ao interior do dispositivo, são chanfradas ou arredondadas em sua parte externa, portanto sem quinas vivas.  Turbulence reducer according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the upper walls extending from the side walls towards the interior of the device are bevelled or rounded on the outside thereof. no sharp edges.
4. Redutor de turbulência de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 3, caracterizado pelo fato de que o material de constituição é um refratário escolhido entre: um refratário a base de alurnina (teor de A1203 > 50%) ou um refratário a base de magnésia (MgO >50%) ou um refratário a base de espinélio (teor de MgAl204 > 50%). Turbulence reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the constituent material is a refractory chosen from: an alurnine-based refractory (A1 2 0 3 > 50% content) or a magnesia based refractory (MgO> 50%) or spinel based refractory (MgAl 2 0 4 content > 50%).
PCT/BR2015/050180 2014-10-14 2015-10-13 Turbulence reducer with inner concavity WO2016058072A1 (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997007915A1 (en) * 1995-08-30 1997-03-06 Foseco International Limited Tundish impact pad
DE10202537C1 (en) * 2002-01-24 2003-01-23 Intocast Ag Feuerfestprodukte Metallurgical vessel used as a tundish having a determined baffle head comprises a plate-like base having an inner chamber formed on the base with a wall
CN2578013Y (en) * 2002-11-14 2003-10-08 武汉钢实星源工业总公司 Anti-vortex impact pad for continuous casting bakie
DE102006005724B3 (en) * 2006-02-08 2007-05-31 Purmetall Gmbh & Co. Kg Casting pot for molten metal from casting pan has sector of side wall made with aperture passing into stepped bath connecting to outside wall of pot
BR0316330B1 (en) * 2002-12-06 2012-10-02 shock absorber for intermediate containers.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997007915A1 (en) * 1995-08-30 1997-03-06 Foseco International Limited Tundish impact pad
DE10202537C1 (en) * 2002-01-24 2003-01-23 Intocast Ag Feuerfestprodukte Metallurgical vessel used as a tundish having a determined baffle head comprises a plate-like base having an inner chamber formed on the base with a wall
CN2578013Y (en) * 2002-11-14 2003-10-08 武汉钢实星源工业总公司 Anti-vortex impact pad for continuous casting bakie
BR0316330B1 (en) * 2002-12-06 2012-10-02 shock absorber for intermediate containers.
DE102006005724B3 (en) * 2006-02-08 2007-05-31 Purmetall Gmbh & Co. Kg Casting pot for molten metal from casting pan has sector of side wall made with aperture passing into stepped bath connecting to outside wall of pot

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BR102014025619A2 (en) 2016-05-17
BR112017007262B1 (en) 2022-01-25

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