WO2016052087A1

WO2016052087A1 - Three-dimensional fabrication device, and three-dimensional molding manufacturing method and molding apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2016052087A1
Application number: PCT/JP2015/075380
Authority: WO
Inventors: 三宅　孝志; 純一増尾
Original assignee: 株式会社Ｓｃｒｅｅｎホールディングス
Priority date: 2014-09-29
Filing date: 2015-09-08
Publication date: 2016-04-07
Also published as: JP2016068320A; JP6397293B2

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide: a three-dimensional fabrication device with which good dimensional precision of the three-dimensional molding and improvement of both surface quality and production speed are possible; and a three-dimensional molding manufacturing method. To achieve said purpose, layers formed from fabrication material by supplying said fabrication material using a feeder unit are sequentially laminated. Using a molding unit, the edge of the laminate configured from multiple layers of fabrication material laminated by the feeder unit is molded without contacting said edge.

Description

3D modeling apparatus, 3D manufacturing method and molding apparatus

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional modeling apparatus that manufactures a three-dimensional modeled object by laminating materials, a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional modeled object for manufacturing the three-dimensional modeled object, and a molding apparatus that molds the stacked material. About.

Conventionally, data of a large number of substantially parallel layers (also referred to as layer data) is generated from three-dimensional shape data, and a plurality of substantially parallel layers are sequentially stacked to form a three-dimensional structure (also referred to as a three-dimensional structure). Technology) is known.

According to the technology for manufacturing such a three-dimensional modeled object, for example, a three-dimensional modeled object can be manufactured in a short time at a low cost without using a mold. For this reason, it is considered that the present technology is applied to manufacture of a prototype when product development or the like is performed. However, the prototype often requires good dimensional accuracy and surface quality. Therefore, by reducing the thickness of each layer constituting the three-dimensional structure, the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the three-dimensional structure tend to be improved.

Then, for example, a three-dimensional structure is manufactured by laminating a plurality of layers each having a model material and a support material that supports the projecting portion of the model material and is finally removed by an inkjet method or the like. A technique has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1). In this technology, since the surface of the three-dimensional structure is formed at the interface between the model material and the support material, the mixing of the model material and the support material at the interface between the model material and the support material is avoided. Is improved.

JP 2012-96429 A

However, with the technique of Patent Document 1, it is not easy to eliminate many steps that can be visually recognized in the curved surface portion on the surface of the three-dimensional structure even if the model material forming each layer is thinned. Moreover, if the thickness of each layer which comprises a three-dimensional molded item is reduced, the time required for manufacture of a three-dimensional molded item will become long. That is, it is not easy to achieve both good dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the three-dimensional structure and the improvement of the manufacturing speed. In addition, the three-dimensional model created by the above manufacturing technique has become widespread in addition to the purpose of confirming a prototype in the conventional design stage, and has come to have new value. Therefore, in recent years, high-quality full-colored three-dimensional objects have been demanded, and three-dimensional objects have also been required to have surface quality suitable for high-quality full-color coloring.

This invention is made | formed in view of the said subject, The manufacturing method of the three-dimensional model | molding apparatus and three-dimensional model | molded object which can make the improvement of the favorable dimensional accuracy and surface quality of a three-dimensional molded item, and a manufacturing speed compatible. The purpose is to provide.

In order to solve the above-described problem, the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the first aspect includes a supply unit configured to sequentially stack layers formed of the modeling material by supplying the modeling material, and the stacking unit configured by the supply unit. A molding part that molds the end part without contacting the end part of the laminated body constituted by the plurality of layers of the modeling material.

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the second aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the molding part is a convex part formed on an upper outer peripheral part in each layer laminated by the supply part. The said edge part of the said laminated body is shape | molded by breaking at least one part.

The three-dimensional model | molding apparatus which concerns on a 3rd aspect is a three-dimensional model | molding apparatus which concerns on a 2nd aspect, Comprising: The hardening part which hardens each layer laminated | stacked by the said supply part, It further has the said hardening part, The said hardening part of each said layer Each layer is hardened after at least a part of the convex part is broken by the molding part.

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the fourth aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the third aspect, in which the hardened part is formed in the upper part of each layer before the convex part of each layer is broken by the molding part. At least a portion in the vicinity of the convex portion other than the convex portion is cured.

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the fifth aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, wherein the molding unit blows gas onto the convex part, so that at least the convex part is formed. It has a gas supply part that breaks down a part.

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the sixth aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the fifth aspect, in which the gas supply unit gas is supplied to at least a part of the convex portion from a direction inclined with respect to the upper surface of each layer. Spray.

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the seventh aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, wherein the molding unit irradiates the convex part with a sound wave, thereby forming the convex part. It has a sound wave irradiation part that breaks at least a part.

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the eighth aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, in which the molding part flows by applying heat to the convex part. It has the heat provision part which destroys at least one part of the said convex part by improving property.

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the ninth aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of the second to eighth aspects, and the one or more cured layers are formed by curing each of the layers stacked by the supply unit. Is formed, and the molding part applies heat to at least a part of the convex part formed on the outer peripheral part of the upper part of each cured layer, thereby melting and breaking at least a part of the convex part.

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to a tenth aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, wherein the molding unit is stacked by the supply unit by supplying a filling material. A filling material supply unit configured to fill at least a part of the concave portion of the stepped portion formed in the outer peripheral portion of the two or more layers with the filling material and to mold the end portion of the laminate.

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the eleventh aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the tenth aspect, wherein the filling material includes a light scattering material that scatters light.

A three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to a twelfth aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of the first to eleventh aspects, wherein the molding unit is separated from the upper surface of the laminate. It moves relative to the upper surface in a first direction along the upper surface and in a second direction that intersects the first direction.

A three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to a thirteenth aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of the first to twelfth aspects, wherein the supply unit is separated from the upper surface of the laminate. It moves relative to the upper surface in a third direction along the upper surface and in a fourth direction that intersects the third direction.

A three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to a fourteenth aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of the first to thirteenth aspects, wherein the supply unit and the molding unit are provided, and the top surface of the stacked body is provided. A moving body that moves relatively along the upper surface in a state of being separated from the upper surface.

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the fifteenth aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of the first to fourteenth aspects, further comprising a base material holding unit that holds the base material, wherein the supply unit includes: By supplying the modeling material on the base material, layers formed by the modeling material are sequentially laminated on the base material.

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to a sixteenth aspect is a three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the fifteenth aspect, further comprising a modeling area recognition unit that recognizes information for specifying a modeling target area on the base material, The supply unit supplies the modeling material onto the modeling target region according to the recognition result by the modeling region recognition unit, so that the layers formed by the modeling material are sequentially formed on the modeling target region. Laminate.

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to a seventeenth aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of the first to sixteenth aspects, wherein the stacked unit is formed after the end of the stacked body is molded by the molding unit. A color imparting portion for coloring the surface of the body;

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to an eighteenth aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the seventeenth aspect, and includes a coloring area recognition unit that recognizes information for specifying a coloring target area on the laminate, The color imparting unit supplies a coloring material onto the coloring target region according to the recognition result by the coloring region recognizing unit, thereby forming a region constituted by the coloring material.

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to a nineteenth aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the seventeenth or eighteenth aspect, wherein the color imparting unit is at least at one timing before and after coloring by the color imparting unit. A white layer is formed in a region to be colored in the laminate.

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the twentieth aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of the first to nineteenth aspects, and further includes a prevention unit that prevents clogging of the discharge port that discharges the material.

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the twenty-first aspect is a three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of the first to nineteenth aspects, and includes a purification unit that cleans the discharge port that discharges the material.

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the twenty-second aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of the first to twenty-first aspects, wherein the modeling material is a first modeling material for constituting a three-dimensional modeled object. And a second modeling material that is removed after the three-dimensional model is formed.

A three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to a twenty-third aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of the first to twenty-second aspects, wherein the supply unit is for the modeling related to the hardness after curing of the modeling material. It further has a change part which changes the ratio of the component of material.

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to a twenty-fourth aspect is the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of the first to twenty-third aspects, wherein after the molding part molds the end part, the end part is processed to be uneven. Apply.

The manufacturing method of the three-dimensional structure according to the twenty-fifth aspect includes: (a) sequentially stacking layers formed by the modeling material by supplying the modeling material; and (b) the step (a) Forming the end portion without contacting the end portion of the laminated body constituted by the plurality of layers of the modeling material laminated in the step.

The method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to the twenty-sixth aspect is a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to the twenty-fifth aspect, wherein in the step (b), the upper part of each layer laminated in the step (a) is formed. The said edge part of the said laminated body is shape | molded by breaking at least one part of the convex part currently formed in the outer peripheral part.

The manufacturing method of the three-dimensional structure according to the twenty-seventh aspect is the manufacturing method of the three-dimensional structure according to the twenty-fifth or twenty-sixth aspect, wherein in the step (b), the (a) ) At least part of the recesses of the stepped portions formed on the outer peripheral portions of the two or more layers laminated in the step are filled with the filling material, and the end portion of the laminated body is formed.

The apparatus for molding a three-dimensional structure according to the twenty-eighth aspect is configured so that the layer formed by the material for modeling by supplying the material for modeling does not come into contact with the end of the laminated body sequentially laminated. A molding part for molding the part;

Even with the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of the first to twenty-fourth aspects, for example, even if the layers that are sequentially stacked are thickened to increase the manufacturing speed, the end of the stacked body is formed in a non-contact manner. It is possible to achieve both good dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the three-dimensional structure and improvement of the manufacturing speed.

Even in the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any of the second to ninth aspects, a large number of stepped portions on the surface of the three-dimensional model become inconspicuous because the convex portions formed on the outer peripheral portion at the top of each layer are destroyed. Therefore, the surface quality of the three-dimensional model can be improved.

Even with the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any of the third to eighth aspects, the convex portions of the respective layers before curing are destroyed, so that it is possible to easily realize good dimensional accuracy and surface quality improvement of the three-dimensional model.

According to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the fourth aspect, since unnecessary molding at the end of the laminate is suppressed, the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the three-dimensional model can be further improved.

Even in the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any of the fifth to eighth aspects, the convex portion can be easily broken without contact, so that the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the three-dimensional model can be further improved.

According to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the sixth aspect, since the fluidity of the modeling material in the convex portion of each layer and the portion in the vicinity thereof in the direction along the upper surface of each layer is improved, the convex portion is easily contactless. Can be destroyed.

According to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the ninth aspect, for example, by using a modeling material that hardens immediately after supply, the manufacturing speed of the three-dimensional model can be improved.

Also with the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any of the tenth and eleventh aspects, for example, the surface quality of the three-dimensional model can be improved because it becomes inconspicuous by filling the concave portion of the stepped portion.

According to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the eleventh aspect, the stepped portion is not easily noticeable, so that the surface quality of the three-dimensional model can be easily improved.

According to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the twelfth aspect, since the number of molding parts can be reduced, the apparatus configuration of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus can be simplified and downsized.

According to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the thirteenth aspect, since the number of supply units can be reduced, the apparatus configuration of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus can be simplified and downsized.

According to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the fourteenth aspect, by simplifying the mechanism for moving the supply unit and the molding unit, the apparatus configuration of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus can be further simplified and downsized.

Also with the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any of the fifteenth and sixteenth aspects, it is possible to achieve both good dimensional accuracy, surface quality, and improvement in manufacturing speed for a three-dimensional modeled object to be modeled on the base material.

According to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the sixteenth aspect, a three-dimensional model having good dimensional accuracy and surface quality can be quickly modeled in a desired modeling target region on the base material.

According to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the seventeenth aspect, a three-dimensional modeled object having good dimensional accuracy and surface quality and having a color can be quickly modeled.

According to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the eighteenth aspect, it is possible to accurately color a required coloring target region on a modeled object formed by the three-dimensional modeling apparatus or a modeled object formed by another apparatus.

According to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the nineteenth aspect, a colored layer having high color quality such as saturation, brightness, and contrast can be formed by forming a white layer before coloring.

According to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the twentieth aspect, for example, during the step of forming the laminate, stable coloring can be realized by protecting the discharge port for coloring from curing of the ink.

According to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the twenty-first aspect, for example, by cleaning the discharge port for discharging the modeling material or the coloring material before discharging the material, the discharge failure of the material and the vicinity of the discharge port The quality of the three-dimensional modeled object can be stabilized by reducing the fall of unnecessary materials scattered on the modeled object.

According to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the twenty-second aspect, the modeling material includes not only a material for forming the three-dimensional modeled object but also a material that is removed after the three-dimensional modeled object is formed, so that a reverse taper shape is obtained. It is possible to achieve both good dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the three-dimensional modeled object and improvement of the manufacturing speed.

According to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the twenty-third aspect, for example, in a selective region at the time of stacking the modeling material or after stacking in a semi-cured state, for example, the amount of the curing agent per unit area Since the component ratio of the material for modeling including the curing agent is changed by changing the amount of the material so as to change, even if a plurality of materials having different hardness after curing are not supplied from separate supply units, the modeling partially differs in hardness Things can be created. Thereby, even if many kinds of materials and many supply parts are not prepared, the three-dimensional molded item from which hardness differs can be implement | achieved.

According to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the twenty-fourth aspect, the surface quality at the end face after molding can be adjusted.

According to the method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to the twenty-fifth aspect, the same effects as those of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus according to the first aspect can be obtained.

According to the method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to the twenty-sixth aspect, the same effect as that of the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus according to the second aspect can be obtained.

According to the method for manufacturing a three-dimensional object according to the twenty-seventh aspect, the same effect as that of the three-dimensional object manufacturing device according to the tenth aspect can be obtained.

According to the molding apparatus of the twenty-eighth aspect, for example, in the formation of a laminated body in another apparatus, even if the layers that are sequentially laminated are thickened to improve the production speed, the end of the laminated body is contactless Therefore, it is possible to achieve both good dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the three-dimensional structure and improvement of the manufacturing speed.

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a schematic configuration of a three-dimensional modeling system according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a top view illustrating a scanning mode of the head unit. FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a laminated body having convex portions. FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a laminated body before the convex portion is broken by the forming portion. FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a laminated body after the convex portion is broken by the forming portion. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a portion other than the convex portion is semi-cured and the convex portion is broken in the molded portion. FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of the gas supply unit. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the pressure distribution of the gas supplied from the gas supply unit. FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of a gas supply unit having a gas mixing unit. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of the gas mixing unit. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of the pressure distribution of the gas supplied from the gas supply unit. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating one mode of flow rate control in the gas supply pipe. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating another aspect of the flow rate control in the gas supply pipe. FIG. 14 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a gas supply unit that is inclined with respect to the stacked body. FIG. 15 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of a sound wave irradiation unit. FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a mode in which the filling material is filled in the concave portion of the stepped portion. FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining a coloring method for a slope portion. FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining a coloring method for a slope portion. FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a coloring method for a slope portion. FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining a coloring method for the slope portion. FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining a coloring method for the slope portion. FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an aspect in which a light scattering layer, a white ink layer, and a color layer are stacked. FIG. 23 is a diagram schematically illustrating a schematic configuration of a three-dimensional modeling system according to a modification. FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating a method of performing alignment with respect to the modeling target region. FIG. 25 is a diagram schematically illustrating a schematic configuration of a three-dimensional modeling system according to another modification. FIG. 26 is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using a support material. FIG. 27 is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using a support material. FIG. 28 is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using a support material. FIG. 29 is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using a support material. FIG. 30 is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using a support material. FIG. 31 is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using a support material. FIG. 32 is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using a support material. FIG. 33 is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using a support material. FIG. 34 is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using a support material. FIG. 35 is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using a support material. FIG. 36 is a diagram for explaining a method of forming an end portion of a laminated body according to a modification. FIG. 37 is a diagram for explaining a method of forming an end portion of a laminated body according to a modification. FIG. 38 is a diagram for explaining a method of forming an end portion of a laminated body according to a modification.

Hereinafter, an embodiment and various modifications of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, parts having the same configuration and function are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted in the following description. Further, the drawings are schematically shown, and the sizes and positional relationships of various structures in each drawing can be appropriately changed. 1 to 14, FIG. 16 to FIG. 20, and FIG. 22 to FIG. 38, the movement direction (right direction in FIG. 1) in which the head main body 30Bd of the head 30 moves along the guide 16 is + X. A right-handed XYZ coordinate system is attached as a direction.

<(1) Schematic configuration of 3D modeling apparatus>
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a three-dimensional modeling system 100 according to an embodiment. The three-dimensional modeling system 100 is an arbitrary one in which layers are sequentially formed by supplying and curing a modeling material (also referred to as modeling material) mainly in a liquid or fluid state, and a plurality of layers are stacked. Manufacture a model.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the three-dimensional modeling system 100 includes a data creation device 1 and a three-dimensional modeling device 2.

The data creation device 1 acquires data (also referred to as 3D data) indicating a three-dimensional shaped object (also referred to as a three-dimensional object), and slices the three-dimensional object on the 3D data to obtain a plurality of thin cross-sections. Is generated and transmitted to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 2. The data creation device 1 may be a personal computer, for example, and the 3D data may be, for example, CAD data. As the color information for coloring, for example, 3D data having color information or two-dimensional color data is positioned so as to match a three-dimensional shape, or one that is deformed according to the three-dimensional shape is used. .

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus 2 includes a control unit 10, a table unit 20, and a head unit 30.

The control unit 10 obtains cross-sectional data from the data creation device 1, and controls the operations of the table unit 20 and the head unit 30 according to the cross-sectional data.

The table unit 20 includes a holding unit 21, a rod unit 22, and a driving unit 23.

The holding portion 21 is, for example, a plate-like portion (also referred to as a plate portion) having a smooth upper surface. In the present embodiment, the modeling material supplied from the head unit 30 is laminated on the upper surface of the holding unit 21 to form the three-dimensional modeled object 3D1. For this reason, the holding part 21 supports the formed three-dimensional object 3D1 while supporting the stacked body LP1 including a plurality of layers made of a modeling material or the like in the formation process of the three-dimensional object 3D1.

The rod portion 22 is a portion that moves the holding portion 21 in the vertical direction (± Z direction in the present embodiment) in accordance with the driving of the driving portion 23. As the rod part 22, for example, a rod-like member connected to the lower surface of the holding part 21 can be adopted.

The drive part 23 is a part which moves the rod part 22 to an up-down direction. In the present embodiment, the relative position of the head unit 30 and the holding unit 21 in the vertical direction is changed by moving the holding unit 21 in the vertical direction by the driving unit 23. For example, each time a layer of modeling material is formed on the holding unit 21, the holding unit 21 moves in a direction away from the head unit 30.

The head unit 30 includes a head body unit 30Bd and a drive unit 15. The head main body 30 Bd is provided with a drive unit 15, and the drive unit 15 is engaged or fitted with the first guide unit 16, for example. The first guide portion 16 is, for example, a rod-like member that extends in the horizontal direction (in this embodiment, the ± X direction). And the head part 30 moves along the longitudinal direction of the 1st guide part 16 according to the driving force which the drive part 15 provided with respect to head main-body part 30Bd emits, for example. Thereby, the head unit 30 is scanned in the ± X direction as the main scanning direction.

FIG. 2 is a top view illustrating the scanning mode of the head unit 30. As shown in FIG. 2, the first guide portion 16 includes, for example, a driving portion 16 a provided at one end portion in the longitudinal direction of the first guide portion 16 and the other end portion in the longitudinal direction of the first guide portion 16. It has the drive part 16b provided in the part. In the present embodiment, one end is an end on the −X side, and the other end is an end on the + X side. For example, the drive part 16a is engaged or fitted with the second guide part 17a, and the drive part 16b is engaged or fitted with the third guide part 17b. The second and

third guide portions

17a and 17b are, for example, rod-shaped members extending in directions parallel to each other (± Y direction in the present embodiment). And the head part 30 moves along the longitudinal direction of the 2nd and

3rd guide parts

17a and 17b according to the driving force which the

drive parts

16a and 16b generate | occur | produce, for example. Thereby, the head unit 30 is scanned in the ± Y direction as the sub-scanning direction orthogonal to the main scanning direction.

That is, for example, the

drive unit

15, 16 a, 16 b causes the head unit 30 to make one reciprocal movement along the ± X direction as the main scanning direction and a slight shift along the ± Y direction as the sub-scanning direction. By repeating the above, it is possible to scan two-dimensionally above the holding unit 21.

As shown in FIG. 1, the head main body 30 Bd includes a supply unit 11, a molding unit 12, a curing unit 13, and a color applying unit 14.

Here, the two-dimensional scanning of the head unit 30 causes the forming unit 12 to be separated from the upper surface of the multilayer body LP1, and along the upper surface along the main scanning direction (also referred to as the first direction) and the first It moves relative to the upper surface in a sub-scanning direction (also referred to as a second direction) that intersects one direction. Thereby, it is not necessary to provide a large number of molding parts 12, and the number of molding parts 12 can be reduced. For this reason, simplification and downsizing of the apparatus configuration of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 2 can be achieved.

In addition, the supply unit 11 is separated from the upper surface of the multilayer body LP1 by two-dimensional scanning of the head unit 30, and in the main scanning direction (also referred to as a third direction) and the third along the upper surface. It moves relative to the upper surface in the sub-scanning direction (also referred to as the fourth direction) that intersects the direction. Thereby, it is not necessary to provide a large number of supply units 11, and the number of supply units 11 can be reduced. For this reason, simplification and downsizing of the apparatus configuration of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 2 can be achieved.

Here, the supply unit 11 and the molding unit 12 are provided in the same head main body 30Bd as a moving body that moves relatively along the upper surface in a state of being separated from the upper surface of the multilayer body LP1. Yes. Thereby, simplification of the mechanism which moves the supply part 11 and the shaping | molding part 12 is achieved, and the further simplification and size reduction of the apparatus structure of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 2 can be achieved.

The supply unit 11 sequentially stacks layers formed by the modeling material by supplying the modeling material. Here, as the modeling material, for example, a resin that cures in response to ultraviolet irradiation (also referred to as an ultraviolet curable resin) and a resin that cures in response to application of heat (also referred to as a thermosetting resin) are employed. obtain. For example, the supply unit 11 supplies the modeling material onto the holding unit 21 in a liquid or fluid state. In the supply unit 11, for example, the modeling material is discharged to an appropriate position on the holding unit 21 by a supply method such as an inkjet method.

Here, the modeling material constituting the laminated body LP1 is laminated, for example, while maintaining a liquid or fluid state. In the case where an ink jet method is employed, for example, the number of holes (also referred to as discharge holes) for discharging the modeling material provided in the supply unit 11 may be one or two or more. . In the case where the supply unit 11 has a large number of ejection holes, a configuration in which a layer of a modeling material is formed with a width of 30 to 50 mm, for example, by a single scan of the head unit 30 in the main scanning direction. Conceivable.

Further, as the material for modeling, for example, a thermoplastic resin such as ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene styrene copolymer) resin or polylactic acid (PLA) resin may be employed. These resins are fluids that are fluid when heated, but are hardened immediately when kept at room temperature (also referred to as room temperature curing type). When such a modeling material is employed, in the supply unit 11, the thermoplastic resin is melted by heat and injected from the ultrafine nozzle and stacked on the holding unit 21. Note that a room temperature curing type modeling material becomes fluid when heated to about 100 to 300 ° C., for example.

Here, for example, when a thermoplastic resin is employed as the modeling material, the supply unit 11 holds a unit in which a wire-shaped thermoplastic resin (also referred to as a resin wire) is wound on a reel, and a resin wire A structure comprising means for stably supplying the resin wire through the inside of a tube or the like to the head for thermally melting the resin, and means for driving the resin wire with a gear or the like to push the resin wire to the discharge head is conceivable. . And it is provided with a unit provided with a plurality of heads which respectively discharge thermoplastic resin, and in the single movement of the unit based on the cross-sectional data of the three-dimensional structure, while driving of the plurality of resin wires is individually controlled, A configuration in which the thermoplastic resin is laminated with a wide width is conceivable. According to such a configuration, the time required for stacking the modeling materials can be shortened.

The two-dimensional scanning mode of the head unit 30 is not limited to the scanning mode of the head unit 30 as shown in FIG. For example, a scanning mode is conceivable in which the control unit 10 determines a region where the modeling material is stacked based on the cross-sectional data, and reduces the scanning amount of the head unit 30 corresponding to the region where the modeling material is not stacked. In this case, the stacking time can be shortened by reducing the scanning amount of the head unit 30.

Also, the material for modeling is not limited to resin. For example, when it is desired to increase the strength of the three-dimensional model, a modeling material in which various materials are mixed in a resin may be employed. For example, if the material mixed with the resin is an inorganic material such as metal powder, the hardness of the three-dimensional structure can be increased. For example, if the material mixed with resin is a fiber-like fiber, the toughness of a three-dimensional molded item can rise. Here, as the fiber-like fibers, for example, glass fibers, resin fibers including carbon fibers, plant-derived fibers including nanocellulose fibers, and the like can be included.

Based on the 3D data, the molding unit 12 can connect the end T1 without contacting the end T1 (FIG. 3) of the stacked body LP1 configured by a plurality of layers of the modeling material stacked by the supply unit 11. Mold. In the method of forming the end portion T1 by the forming portion 12, for example, the convex portion Pp1 of the stepped portion SP1 formed on the end portion T1 of the laminate LP1 when the forming material layer is formed by the forming portion 12 (see FIG. There are a molding method for reducing or eliminating 3) and a molding method for filling the concave portion D1 (FIG. 3) of the stepped portion SP1. There are mainly two types of molding methods (first and second molding methods) for reducing or eliminating the convex portion Pp1, and mainly one type of molding method (filling the concave portion D1). There is a third molding method.

The curing unit 13 cures each layer stacked by the supply unit 11. Here, the curing unit 13 is a part (also referred to as an energy imparting unit) that imparts energy for curing each layer to each layer. For example, when the modeling material is an ultraviolet curable resin (UV curable resin), the curing unit 13 irradiates the layer constituted by the modeling material with ultraviolet rays. In addition, for example, when the modeling material is a thermosetting resin, the curing unit 13 applies heat to the layer formed of the modeling material. For example, when the modeling material is a room temperature curing type material, the curing unit 13 may be omitted. Moreover, if what mixed the material containing the component which is easy to absorb a microwave or an electron beam etc. is employ | adopted as a modeling material, for example as an energy provision part, with respect to each layer of the laminated modeling material Alternatively, a configuration in which each layer is cured by irradiation with a microwave or an electron beam may be employed.

The color imparting unit 14 colors the surface of the laminate LP1 after the end T1 of the laminate LP1 is molded by the molding unit 12. Thereby, the three-dimensional model | molding thing 3D1 which has the color which has favorable dimensional accuracy and surface quality can be modeled rapidly. The color imparting unit 14 colors the surface of the stacked body LP1 by ejecting ink as a coloring material (also referred to as a coloring material) by, for example, an inkjet method.

By the way, in the discharge port which discharges materials, such as the discharge port which discharges the modeling material in the supply part 11, and the discharge port which discharges the coloring material in the color provision part 14, clogging is caused by the coagulation | solidification etc. of material. There is a fear. Therefore, a prevention unit for preventing clogging of the discharge port for discharging the material may be provided. Thereby, for example, stable coloring can be realized by protecting the discharge port for coloring from curing of the ink during the step of forming the laminated body LP1.

For example, when the modeling material is a UV curable resin and the coloring material is UV ink that is cured in response to irradiation with ultraviolet light, the discharge port of the color imparting unit 14 is set in the process of stacking the modeling material. It is conceivable that the light shielding member that shields the ultraviolet light is disposed in a non-contact manner so as to cover it. At this time, the ultraviolet light irradiated from the curing unit 13 to each layer of the modeling material to be laminated is not irradiated to the discharge port of the color imparting unit 14, and the clogging of the discharge port of the color imparting unit 14 is prevented. Here, as a specific example of the prevention unit, as shown in FIG. 1, a light shielding plate 14 s provided so as to be rotatable about the rotation shaft 14 p with respect to the head unit 30 can be considered. In this case, with the rotation of the light shielding plate 14s, the light shielding plate 14s is disposed in front of the discharge port of the color imparting unit 14, and the light shielding plate 14s is retracted from the front surface of the discharge port of the color imparting unit 14. Be switched between. Further, the light-shielding plate 14s as the prevention unit is switched between a state in which it is disposed on the front surface of the discharge port and a state in which it is retracted from the front surface of the discharge port by a slide by parallel movement or the like instead of turning. May be adopted.

Further, for example, when the coloring material is an ink in which a colorant is dissolved and dispersed in a solvent, a water-soluble ink, or the like, for example, a non-blocking portion as a prevention portion is provided on the front surface of the discharge port of the color imparting portion 14. A contact sealing cover may be disposed, or a cover provided with a means for supplying a solvent or water vapor may be disposed therein. In addition, when the coloring material is discharged from the discharge port of the color imparting unit 14, for example, a mechanism may be provided in which these covers are automatically moved to a position where there is no problem in discharging the coloring material. It ’s fine.

In addition, a portion (also referred to as a purification unit) C100 for cleaning the discharge port that discharges various materials such as a modeling material and a coloring material from the head unit 30 may be provided. Thus, for example, by cleaning the discharge port for discharging the modeling material or coloring material before discharging the material, it is possible to form a defective discharge of the material due to clogging and the formation of unnecessary material scattered near the discharge port. By reducing the fall to the object, the quality of the three-dimensional structure can be stabilized.

For example, in the purification unit C100, at least one of cleaning by discharge of material (also referred to as discharge cleaning), cleaning with a wipe material (also referred to as wipe cleaning), and cleaning by spray (also referred to as spray cleaning) with respect to the discharge port. A mode of performing two cleanings is conceivable.

For the discharge cleaning, for example, a waste liquid tank with a funnel is arranged in front of the discharge port, and the material discharged from the discharge port is received by the funnel, and the material is stored in the waste liquid tank. As for the wipe cleaning, for example, a mode in which the discharge port is wiped with a wipe material made of cloth, paper, nonwoven fabric, or the like can be considered. Note that the wipe material may be dried or moistened with a cleaning liquid. As for the spray cleaning, a mode in which a cleaning liquid corresponding to a material discharged from the discharge port is sprayed on the discharge port in at least one state such as mist and vapor can be considered. In addition, about spray cleaning, after spray cleaning is performed, for example, wipe cleaning is performed, and the state where the cleaning liquid adheres to the discharge port after spray cleaning can be eliminated.

In the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 2 having the above-described configuration, a process in which the following steps A and B are sequentially performed is repeatedly performed. Thereby, for example, even if the thickness of each layer laminated sequentially increases, or even if the manufacturing speed of the three-dimensional structure 3D1 is improved, the end portion T1 of the multilayer body LP1 is formed in a non-contact manner. Good dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the object 3D1 can be compatible with the improvement of the manufacturing speed.

[Step A] By supplying the modeling material by the supply unit 11, layers formed by the modeling material are sequentially stacked (also referred to as a supply step).

[Step B] The end portion T1 is formed by the forming portion 12 without contacting the end portion T1 of the multilayer body LP1 constituted by a plurality of layers of the modeling material stacked in the supplying step (the forming step). Also called). In the forming step, for example, at least a part of the convex portion Pp1 formed on the upper outer peripheral portion of each layer stacked in the supplying step is broken, so that the end portion T1 of the stacked body LP1 is formed. In this case, a large number of stepped portions SP1 on the surface of the three-dimensional structure 3D1 become inconspicuous. For this reason, the surface quality of the three-dimensional structure 3D1 can be improved.

By the way, in the normal supply step, the modeling material is repeatedly supplied by performing two-dimensional scanning of the head unit 30 a plurality of times. On the other hand, the coloration of the multilayer body LP1 by the color imparting unit 14 is performed on the multilayer body LP1 having a thickness of about several millimeters composed of a plurality of layers. For this reason, the time required for stacking the modeling materials is longer than the time required for coloring. Therefore, if the supply unit 11 and the color imparting unit 14 are not mounted on the head unit 30 that moves integrally, but mounted on a head unit that can be moved separately, the weight of the head unit on which the supply unit 11 is mounted can be reduced. Thus, the scanning speed can be improved. As a result, the time required for stacking the modeling materials can be shortened. When such a configuration is adopted, at least one of the head unit on which the supply unit 11 is mounted and the head unit on which the color imparting unit 14 is mounted do not interfere with each other during movement. What is necessary is just to be comprised so that a head part may move to an up-down direction suitably.

Moreover, about the area | region (it is also called a shaping | molding area | region) shape | molded by the shaping | molding part 12 in level | step-difference part SP1, based on 3D data used as modeling, for example by any one or more methods of manual and automatic Created. At this time, when it is desired to partially leave the stepped portion SP1 according to the purpose of the three-dimensional modeled object, data (also referred to as region data) indicating a region that is not selectively formed in the stepped portion SP1 is created. Also good.

<(2) Molding method by molding part>
<(2-1) First molding method>
In the first molding method, for example, when the modeling material is a material that is cured in response to application of energy such as an ultraviolet curable resin or a thermosetting resin, any one of wind pressure, sound wave, and heat is used. This is a method of reducing or deforming the convex portion Pp1 of the stepped portion SP1 by combining the above means.

Here, the convex portion Pp1 is formed on the outer peripheral portion at the top of each layer stacked by the supply portion 11. And the edge part T1 of the laminated body LP1 is shape | molded because the shaping | molding part 12 collapse | crumbles at least one part of convex part Pp1. Thereby, many level | step-difference parts SP1 on the surface of three-dimensional molded item 3D1 become inconspicuous. For this reason, the surface quality of the three-dimensional structure 3D1 can be improved.

3 to 5 are diagrams schematically showing the first molding method in the molding unit 12.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which the laminated body LP1 is formed by the supply unit 11. The laminated body LP1 corresponds to a part of the plurality of layers constituting the three-dimensional structure 3D1, and is, for example, a laminate of several layers or several to 10 layers. FIG. 3 shows an example in which the laminated body LP1 is composed of a plurality of layers L1 and L2 of modeling material. In this state, for example, a stepped portion SP1 including the recess D1 is formed in the vicinity of the boundary portion between the two layers L1 and L2 of the multilayer body LP1 on the outer peripheral portion (end portion T1) of the multilayer body LP1. And the convex part Pp1 is formed in the outer peripheral part of the upper part (part on the + Z side) of each layer L1, L2 of the laminated body LP1.

FIG. 4 schematically shows an example of the laminated body LP1 immediately before the convex portion Pp1 is broken by the molding portion 12. FIG. 5 schematically shows an example of the laminated body LP1 after at least a part of the convex portion Pp1 is broken by the molding portion 12. Specifically, in FIG. 5, the end portion T1 of the laminate LP1 is formed, and thus the end portion T1 is formed by the slope portion Sf1 of the layer L1 and the slope portion Sf2 of the layer L2. A state of the slope Sf0 is shown. In FIG. 5, the outer edge of the convex portion Pp 1 before being broken is drawn with a two-dot chain line.

When the first molding method is adopted, each layer is cured by the curing unit 13 after the projection Pp1 of each layer formed by the supply unit 11 is broken by the molding unit 12. That is, the convex part Pp1 of each layer is destroyed before curing. For this reason, after reducing or eliminating the stepped portion SP1, for example, the laminated body LP1 is formed by an inexpensive configuration such as an ultraviolet (UV) lamp, an infrared (IR) lamp, or a heater composed of a light emitting diode (LED) or the like. It can be cured at once. As a result, good dimensional accuracy and surface quality improvement of the three-dimensional structure 3D1 can be easily realized.

<(2-1-1) Molding by wind pressure (gas blowing)>
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the molding unit 12 includes, for example, a portion (also referred to as a gas supply unit) 12n that breaks at least a part of the projection Pp1 by wind pressure by blowing gas onto the projection Pp1. Can be employed. In this case, according to the local blowing of gas, an external force acts on the convex part Pp1, and at least a part of the convex part Pp1 is easily broken without contact. Thereby, the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the three-dimensional structure 3D1 can be further improved. Examples of the gas that can be used here include air and an inert gas. For example, a selective region (also referred to as a selective region) Ar1 in the upper surface portion on the + Z side of the convex portion Pp1 may be employed as the region of the convex portion Pp1 to which the gas is blown. The selective region Ar1 forms, for example, a boundary portion between a portion on the upper surface side (also referred to as a layer upper portion) of each layer constituting the stacked body LP1 and a surrounding space positioned in the horizontal direction above the layer. In other words, the selective region Ar1 is located at the upper end of the layer and in the vicinity thereof.

In addition, before at least a part of the convex portion Pp1 of each layer formed by the supply unit 11 is destroyed by the molding unit 12, at least a portion in the vicinity of the convex portion Pp1 other than the convex portion Pp1 in the upper part of each layer (preliminary curing) FL 1 (FIG. 6) may be cured by the curing unit 13. Here, for example, irradiation of light such as ultraviolet rays or infrared rays or application of heat or the like is selectively performed on the preliminary curing target portion FL1.

When such a configuration is employed, as shown in FIG. 6, when gas is blown to the selective region Ar1 in the upper surface portion of the convex portion Pp1, the shape of the regions other than the selective region Ar1 in each layer collapses. hard. That is, in each layer, the shape of the boundary portion between the portion collapsed by the gas blowing and the portion not collapsed is stabilized. For this reason, molding more than necessary at the end T1 of the laminated body LP1 is suppressed, and the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the three-dimensional structure 3D1 can be further improved.

Note that, for example, if the modeling material has a high viscosity such as a gel, a region other than the selective region Ar1 in each layer by blowing gas even if the precuring target portion FL1 is not selectively cured. The shape of is difficult to collapse. Here, for example, a mode in which at least a part of the convex portion Pp1 is collapsed by gas blowing every time the preliminary-curing target portion FL1 is cured for each layer and several layers are laminated can be considered.

Here, in order to selectively irradiate the precuring target part FL1 with light or heat, the curing unit 13 uses a common part for curing the entire laminate LP1 and a part for curing the precuring target part FL1. Either an aspect realized by a configuration or an aspect realized by another configuration may be adopted. In addition, for example, a configuration in which microscopic mirrors are arranged one-dimensionally or two-dimensionally (for example, DMD: Digital-Micromirror-Device, etc.) may be employed in the curing unit 13. In addition, a configuration may be employed in which a minute diffraction grating arranged in a one-dimensional or two-dimensional manner (for example, GLV [registered trademark]: Grating Light Value) is disposed in the curing unit 13. In addition, for example, a configuration in which a light beam is deflected by a galvanometer mirror or the like may be adopted, or the light beam is deflected by changing a refractive index of the optical element in accordance with voltage application to the optical element having a crystal structure. A configuration may be employed.

By the way, the pressure applied to the selective region Ar1 by the gas supplied from the gas supply unit 12n of the molding unit 12 and the distribution of the pressure are, for example, the size, shape, viscosity, and the like of the collapsed region of the convex portion Pp1. It is adjusted according to. Here, for example, when the modeling material is not a thermosetting material, the temperature of the gas supplied from the gas supply unit 12n is the temperature of the modeling material constituting the end T1 of the stacked body LP1. If it is higher than the surface temperature, the viscosity of the modeling material is lowered, and the convex portion Pp1 is likely to collapse. That is, the molding of the end portion T1 of the multilayer body LP1 by the molding portion 12 can be facilitated.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the gas supply unit 12n. As the gas supply unit 12n, for example, a structure having a plurality of gas supply pipes N1 to N5 arranged one-dimensionally or two-dimensionally can be adopted. The gas supply pipes N1 to N5 have a pipe-like configuration for supplying gas, for example. FIG. 7 illustrates a gas supply unit 12n having five gas supply pipes N1 to N5 arranged in a line in the Y direction so that the longitudinal direction (Z direction) is substantially parallel. In the gas supply unit 12n, whether or not gas is discharged from each of the gas supply pipes N1 to N5 can be controlled. For example, gas is supplied to the gas supply pipes N1 to N5, and the presence or absence of gas discharged from the discharge holes of the gas supply pipes N1 to N5 by the flow rate control unit VL1 provided in the gas supply pipes N1 to N5, or Each of the gas discharge amounts can be controlled. Here, examples of the type of the flow rate control unit VL1 include a type that opens and closes according to a driving force by a solenoid or a piezoelectric element, or a type that allows gas to escape to a region other than the discharge hole.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the pressure distribution of the gas supplied from the gas supply unit 12n shown in FIG. In FIG. 8, a curve indicating the level of gas pressure is indicated by a thick solid line. Further, in FIG. 8, the pressure is higher as the curve is in the downward direction (−Z direction in the present specification), and the pressure is lower as the curve is in the upward direction (in the + Z direction in the present specification). Shows. The pressure distribution shown in FIG. 8 directly reflects the pressure of the gas discharged from each of the gas supply pipes N1 to N5, and the pressure changes not continuously but rapidly depending on the position.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a mode in which one gas mixing unit SN1 is provided for the discharge holes of the plurality of gas supply pipes N1 to N5 of the gas supply unit 12n. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of the gas mixing unit SN1. In the gas mixing unit SN1, for example, a slit-like space extending in the Y direction in which a plurality of gas supply pipes N1 to N5 is arranged extends in the −Z direction, and a slit-like opening is formed at the lower end on the −Z side. Have. Due to the presence of the gas mixing part SN1, the gas discharged from the gas supply pipes N1 to N5 is mixed to some extent in the gas mixing part SN1. As a result, the pressure distribution of the gas discharged from each of the gas supply pipes N1 to N5 changes continuously.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the pressure distribution of the gas supplied from the gas supply unit 12n shown in FIG. In FIG. 11, similarly to FIG. 8, a curve indicating the level of gas pressure is indicated by a thick solid line, and the lower the curve (in the −Z direction in this specification), the higher the pressure, As the curve is upward (in the + Z direction in the present specification), the pressure is smaller. In the pressure distribution shown in FIG. 11, the pressures of the gases discharged from the gas supply pipes N1 to N5 are mixed to some extent in the gas mixing unit SN1, and the pressure continuously changes depending on the position. .

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing one mode of flow rate control in each of the gas supply pipes N1 to N5. Here, the gas supply pipe N1 will be described as an example. The gas supply pipe N1 has a flow rate control unit VL1 provided in an internal space Sc1 from the upstream portion En1 to the downstream portion Ex1. The flow rate control unit VL1 includes one valve seat portion S1 and a plurality of valve body portions St1 to St3. The valve seat portion S1 is provided on the inner wall of the gas supply pipe N1, and has a plurality of through holes H1 to H3 penetrating in the ± Z directions. The plurality of valve body portions St1 to St3 are arranged upstream of the plurality of through holes H1 to H3, and move in the ± Z directions, thereby opening and closing the plurality of through holes H1 to H3, respectively.

In the gas supply pipe N1 having such a configuration, the gas flow rate is controlled by opening and closing the plurality of through holes H1 to H3. Thereby, the pressure of the gas discharged from the gas supply pipe N1 can be adjusted. In addition, pressure measuring units Pr1 and Pr2 for measuring the gas pressure are provided in the upstream portion En1 and the downstream portion Ex1, respectively, and the opening and closing times of the through holes H1 to H3 are adjusted, whereby the gas in the gas supply pipe N1 is adjusted. The flow rate may be adjusted. In the internal space Sc1 of the gas supply pipe N1 shown in FIG. 12, a chamber part CB1 in which the pressure of the gas discharged from the plurality of through holes H1 to H3 is made uniform is provided downstream of the valve seat part S1. Is provided.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing another aspect of flow rate control in each of the gas supply pipes N1 to N5. Here, the gas supply pipe N1 will be described as an example. The gas supply pipe N1 shown in FIG. 13 is based on the gas supply pipe N1 shown in FIG. 12, and the structure of the flow rate control unit VL1 is changed. Here, the flow control unit VL1 includes one valve seat portion S2 and one valve body portion St4. The valve seat portion S2 is provided on the inner wall of the gas supply pipe N1, and has one through hole H4 that penetrates in the ± Z direction. The valve body St4 is arranged on the upstream side of the through hole H4 and adjusts the area of the opening on the upstream side of the through hole H4 by moving in the ± Z direction.

In the gas supply pipe N1 having such a configuration, by adjusting the area of the opening on the upstream side of the through hole H4, the flow rate of the gas is controlled, and the pressure of the gas discharged from the gas supply pipe N1 is adjusted. obtain. Moreover, the pressure measurement parts Pr1 and Pr2 for measuring the gas pressure are provided in the upstream part En1 and the downstream part Ex1, respectively, and the gas in the gas supply pipe N1 is adjusted by adjusting the area of the opening on the upstream side of the through hole H4. The flow rate may be adjusted.

By the way, as shown in FIG. 14, for example, the gas supply unit 12 n has a configuration in which gas is blown to the convex portion Pp 1 from a direction (also referred to as an inclination direction) inclined with respect to the upper surface of each layer stacked by the supply unit 11. It may be adopted. Here, a mode in which the gas supply part 12n is inclined toward the outer edge side in the horizontal direction of the convex part Pp1 from the upper part to the lower part may be employed. In other words, a mode in which the gas supply unit 12n is inclined so that the direction in which the gas is discharged from the gas supply unit 12n approaches a direction in which at least a part of the convex portion Pp1 is desired to be destroyed is conceivable. Thereby, the fluidity | liquidity of the modeling material in the convex part Pp1 of each layer and the part of the vicinity in the direction along the upper surface of each layer is improved. For this reason, at least a part of the convex portion Pp1 can be easily broken without contact. Note that, in the laminated body LP1, the convex portion Pp1 actually protrudes in different directions. For this reason, the aspect which can change an inclination direction in 12 n of gas supply parts, or the aspect in which the several gas supply part 12n from which an inclination direction differs exists is considered.

It should be noted that it is often difficult to instantaneously switch the presence or absence of gas discharge from the gas supply unit 12n. In this case, for example, a mode in which the pressure of the gas discharged from the gas supply unit 12n is controlled to be as small as possible is adopted in a portion other than the selective region Ar1 of the convex portion Pp1 as an object to be destroyed.

<(2-1-2) Molding by irradiation with sound waves>
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, for example, a configuration in which the molding unit 12 includes a sound wave irradiation unit 12 s that breaks at least a part of the projection Pp 1 by irradiating the projection Pp 1 with sound waves may be employed. That is, a sound wave irradiation unit 12s may be employed instead of the gas supply unit 12n. In this case, a wave is generated in the selective region Ar1 of the convex portion Pp1 according to the local irradiation of the sound wave, and at least a part of the convex portion Pp1 is easily broken without contact. For this reason, the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the three-dimensional structure 3D1 can be further improved. Here, for example, a sound wave is irradiated to the selective region Ar1 in the upper surface portion on the + Z side of the convex portion Pp1.

In the configuration in which the gas is blown to the selective region Ar1 described above, when the gas is blown to the selective region Ar1 in the depressed portion of the multilayer body LP1, the gas flow is stagnated, and the convex portion Pp1 can be easily collapsed appropriately. There are cases that are not. On the other hand, in the configuration in which the selective region Ar1 is irradiated with sound waves, the convex portion Pp1 present in the recessed portion of the stacked body LP1 can be easily broken down appropriately. In addition, for example, the molding unit 12 includes both the gas supply unit 12n and the sound wave irradiation unit 12s, and the irradiation of the sound wave and the gas blowing are selectively performed depending on the position where the convex portion Pp1 as the object to be broken exists. May be done.

Also, a mode in which the wavelength of the sound wave to be irradiated is changed by the sound wave irradiation unit 12s in accordance with the position where the convex portion Pp1 as an object to be broken exists is conceivable. Thereby, the sound wave of a suitable wavelength may be employ | adopted according to the grade which wants to collapse convex part Pp1. Also, for example, in the sound wave irradiation unit 12s, in order to suppress the spread of sound waves other than necessary, by radiating reverse-phase sound waves so that the sound waves are not irradiated to portions other than the selective region Ar1 in the stacked body LP1. A configuration in which sound waves cancel each other may be employed. Thereby, it becomes possible to irradiate the selective region Ar1 locally with the sound wave. At this time, a configuration may be employed in which sound waves are detected by a sensor (also referred to as a sound sensor) such as a microphone, and reverse-phase sound waves are set according to the detection result. Instead of such feedback control, a configuration in which sound waves cancel each other out based on a result obtained by simulation may be employed.

Also, the sound wave irradiation unit 12s may have a plurality of sound sources, and a mode in which the intensity of sound waves is strengthened at a specific portion (also referred to as a specific portion) where sound waves emitted from the plurality of sound sources overlap may be employed. In addition, when there is a sound wave in a wide wavelength region, a configuration may be adopted in which the sound sensor detects the sound wave for each frequency and cancels the sound wave for each frequency, thereby adjusting the intensity for each frequency of the sound wave. .

FIG. 15 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration example of the sound wave irradiation unit 12s. As shown in FIG. 15, for example, the sound wave irradiation unit 12s includes cylindrical bodies (also referred to as horns) Hr1 to Hr3 and sound sources Sp1 to Sp3. The cylindrical bodies Hr1 to Hr3 have a configuration in which one end is closed, the internal space is gradually narrowed from the one end toward the other end, and openings IJ1 to IJ3 are present at the other end. The sound sources Sp1 to Sp3 are provided on one end sides of the cylindrical bodies Hr1 to Hr3, respectively. Sound waves emitted from the sound sources Sp1 to Sp3 can be emitted from the openings IJ1 to IJ3 at the other ends of the cylindrical bodies Hr1 to Hr3. In this case, if the openings IJ1 to IJ3 are very small, the sound wave can be easily applied to the minute selective area Ar1.

If a material (also referred to as an anti-vibration material) Ab1 that absorbs vibrations from the adjacent cylindrical bodies Hr1 to Hr3 and the sound sources Sp1 to Sp3 is disposed between the cylindrical bodies Hr1 to Hr3, the selection is made. Noise is unlikely to be mixed with the sound wave irradiated to the target area Ar1. As a result, the collapse of the convex portion Pp1 due to the irradiation of sound waves can be appropriately adjusted. Here, as anti-vibration material Ab1, alpha gel, urethane, etc. are mentioned, for example. Here, a configuration in which attenuation of sound waves in the openings IJ1 to IJ3 is suppressed by optimizing the shapes of the cylindrical bodies Hr1 to Hr3 may be employed. For example, if a multi-channel type small speaker unit that generates sound waves of various wavelengths is employed in the sound wave irradiation unit 12s, the intensity of the sound waves can be appropriately adjusted for each wavelength.

<(2-1-3) Molding by applying heat>
As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, for example, the molding part 12 increases the fluidity of the convex part Pp1 by applying heat to the convex part Pp1, thereby applying heat that breaks at least a part of the convex part Pp1. A configuration having the portion 12h may be employed. That is, the heat applying unit 12h may be employed instead of the gas supply unit 12n and the sound wave irradiation unit 12s.

In such a configuration, if the material for modeling is not a thermosetting material, the viscosity of the material for modeling is locally reduced, and the function of smoothing the liquid surface (also referred to as leveling function) causes convexity. At least a part of the part Pp1 collapses. As a result, since at least a part of the convex portion Pp1 is easily broken without contact, the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the three-dimensional structure 3D1 can be further improved.

Here, for example, heat is applied to the selective region Ar1 in the upper surface portion on the + Z side of the convex portion Pp1 by the heat applying portion 12h. Specifically, for example, heat is applied to the selective region Ar1 by irradiating the selective region Ar1 with light by an infrared laser or a light emitting diode (LED). Here, for example, by using an optical element such as GLV, light can be locally irradiated on the selective region Ar1.

For example, the molding unit 12 has at least one of the gas supply unit 12n, the sound wave irradiation unit 12s, and the heat application unit 12h, and the gas supply unit 12n, the sound wave irradiation unit 12s, and the heat application unit 12h. An aspect in which at least a part of the convex portion Pp1 is broken by at least one of them or a combination of one or more of them can be considered.

Here, instead of the mode in which the molding of the end portion T1 of the multilayer body LP1 is suppressed by the curing of the preliminary curing target portion FL1, for example, the following molding mode may be employed. The selective fine region of the convex portion Pp1 is irradiated with infrared light or infrared light from an LED by optical means to impart thermal energy, so that gas in the laminate LP1 is sprayed and sound waves are emitted. The fine area of the wide area to which the irradiation is applied can be accurately broken. In this case, for example, by injecting gas from a slit-like opening having a certain width, a gas is blown to the laminated body LP1, and the pressure of the blown gas on the surface of the laminated body LP1 is high. In addition, a mode in which thermal energy is selectively applied is conceivable. Thereby, the part in which the convex part Pp1 is left in a desired pattern and the part in which at least a part of the convex part is broken can be formed in the end part T1.

Furthermore, in order to reduce the turbulence of the airflow around the portion where the gas is blown, a mechanism for sucking the gas may be provided in the portion where the gas expands according to the blowing of the gas to the laminate LP1. For example, the gas is blown to the multilayer body LP1 from the upper oblique direction, and the gas is sucked on the opposite side across the normal (+ Z direction) of the upper surface of the multilayer body LP1, while the selective fine region of the convex portion Pp1 In addition, a configuration in which thermal energy is applied by irradiation with infrared light or the like from an infrared laser or LED can be considered. In addition, for example, based on 3D data as well as cross-sectional data, an opening for injecting gas, a suction port for inhaling gas, and heat such as infrared light in accordance with the shape of the three-dimensional object to be formed If a configuration in which the irradiation unit for irradiating energy can be freely moved in a three-dimensional space by an articulated robot or the like is employed, the laminate LP1 can be formed with high accuracy.

<(2-2) Second molding method>
The second molding method is, for example, a method of reducing or eliminating the convex portion Pp1 of the stepped portion SP1 by thermal melting when the modeling material is a room temperature curing type material.

In this method, one or more cured layers are formed by curing the layers stacked by the supply unit 11. Then, by applying heat to at least a part of the convex part Pp1 formed on the outer peripheral part of the upper part of each cured layer by the molding part 12, at least a part of the convex part Pp1 is melted and broken. . Thereby, many level | step-difference parts SP1 on the surface of three-dimensional molded item 3D1 become inconspicuous. For this reason, the surface quality of the three-dimensional structure 3D1 can be improved. Further, for example, by using a room temperature curing type material that is cured immediately after being supplied as a modeling material, the manufacturing speed of the three-dimensional model 3D1 can be improved.

Here, as shown in FIG. 3, first, a room temperature curing type modeling material is heated to be in a fluid state, and one or more layers are laminated by being injected from an ultrafine nozzle or the like. And one or more cured layers are formed. As described above, the room temperature curing type modeling material may include, for example, a thermoplastic resin such as an ABS resin or a polylactic acid (PLA) resin.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, at least a part of the convex portion Pp 1 is broken by applying heat to the selective region Ar 1 by the heat applying portion 12 h of the molding portion 12. For example, heat is applied to the selective region Ar1 by irradiating the selective region Ar1 with light by an infrared laser or a light emitting diode (LED). Here, in the heat applying unit 12h, in order to apply heat locally to the selective region Ar1, for example, a configuration in which a DMD in which minute mirrors are arranged one-dimensionally or two-dimensionally is arranged. Can be employed. Further, a configuration in which GLVs in which minute diffraction gratings are arranged one-dimensionally or two-dimensionally may be employed. In addition, for example, a configuration in which a light beam is deflected by a galvanometer mirror or the like may be adopted, or the light beam is deflected by changing a refractive index of the optical element in accordance with voltage application to the optical element having a crystal structure. A configuration may be employed.

<(2-3) Third molding method>
The third molding method is, for example, a method of filling the concave portion D1 of the stepped portion SP1 in the stacked body LP1 with a filling material.

In this method, the filling material is supplied by the filling material supply part 12z of the molding part 12, and the recess D1 of the step part SP1 formed on the outer peripheral part of two or more layers stacked by the supply part 11 is formed. At least a part is filled with the filling material, and the end T1 of the multilayer body LP1 is shaped. Thereby, for example, the concave portion D1 of the stepped portion SP1 is filled, so that the concave and convex portions are reduced or eliminated and the concave portion D1 becomes inconspicuous. For this reason, the surface quality of the three-dimensional structure 3D1 can be improved.

When the third molding method is adopted, for example, after two or more layers formed by the supply unit 11 are cured by the curing unit 13, at least a part of the recess D1 is filled. In addition, if the filling material is cured by the same kind of function as the modeling material forming two or more layers, before the two or more layers are cured by the curing unit 13, at least a part of the recess D1 is formed. May be buried.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an aspect in which the filling material B1 is filled in the concave portion D1 of the stepped portion SP1. In FIG. 16, the laminated body LP1 is composed of a plurality of layers L1 to L3 of modeling material, and a stepped portion SP1 including a recess D1 is formed in the vicinity of the boundary portion between the layers L1 to L3 that are vertically adjacent to each other. A state in which the concave portion D1 is filled with a filling material is shown. As shown in FIG. 16, for example, the concave portion D1 is filled with the filling material B1 supplied from the filling material supply portion 12z, and the unevenness is reduced or eliminated to form the slope portion Sf0.

Here, in the filling material supply unit 12z, for example, the modeling material is discharged in a liquid or fluid state toward an appropriate position in the recess D1 by a supply method such as an inkjet method. Various materials can be used as the filling material B1, but the stepped portion SP1 can be made inconspicuous as long as it is the same material as the modeling material forming the laminate LP1. Those having the main component as the main component may be employed.

Further, if the filling material B1 is a material that scatters light (also referred to as a light scattering material), the stepped portion SP1 is not easily noticeable, so that the surface quality of the three-dimensional structure 3D1 can be easily improved. As the light scattering material, for example, a transparent material in which small pieces for scattering light are dispersed, white ink, and the like can be used. Examples of the small piece include particles that scatter light such as titanium oxide, silicon oxide (silica), resin (polymer), and calcium, and fibers that scatter light such as glass fiber, optical fiber, and pulp.

In addition, if the base layer is formed with the white ink on the surface of the three-dimensional structure 3D1, the surface of the three-dimensional structure 3D1 can be beautifully colored. In this case, a mode in which a white layer is formed in a region to be colored in the stacked body LP1 at the timing before coloring by the color imparting unit 14 can be considered. However, since white ink is expensive, if a thin layer of white ink is formed after filling the concave portion D1 with a transparent material in which small pieces for scattering light are dispersed, the three-dimensional structure 3D1 Reduction of the manufacturing cost and good coloring of the surface can be realized.

<(3) Color imparting by the color imparting unit>
The color imparting unit 14 imparts a color to the slope portion Sf 0 formed by the molding unit 12.

17 to 19 are diagrams for explaining a coloring method for the slope portion Sf0. In FIG. 17, end portions T1 of the layers L1 to L3 are formed to form a slope portion Sf0 composed of the slope portion Sf1 of the layer L1, the slope portion Sf2 of the layer L2, and the slope portion Sf3 of the layer L3. The situation is shown. Here, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 18, a white ink layer (also referred to as a white ink layer) WL 1 is formed by the color imparting unit 14 on the slope portion Sf 0. Then, as shown in FIG. 19, a layer (also referred to as a color layer) CL1 having a color by applying various inks is formed on the white ink layer WL1.

However, as described above, the slope portion Sf0 formed by molding the end portion T1 of the multilayer body LP1 by the molding unit 12 is generated by the data creation device 1 for modeling the three-dimensional model 3D1. There is an area that does not correspond to the cross-sectional data. For this reason, for example, in the data creation device 1, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 20, the three-dimensional object is sliced on the 3D data so as to be thinner than each layer constituting the three-dimensional object 3 D 1. Cross-section data is generated, and color data on the slope Sf0 is obtained. For example, a mode in which a three-dimensional model is sliced on 3D data with a thickness of 0.05 mm, which is thinner than 0.5 mm, which is the thickness of each layer, can be considered. Thereby, color data is obtained also about the area | region between the upper surfaces of the multiple layers which comprise the three-dimensional molded item 3D1. As a result, according to the control of the control unit 10, an appropriate color can be given to the slope portion Sf0 based on the obtained color data.

By the way, when the slope portion Sf0 is simply colored according to the color data, an overlapping portion (also referred to as an overlapping portion) occurs between adjacent coloring regions, and a color that is darker than necessary is given to the overlapping portion. . Therefore, as shown in FIG. 21, regarding overlapping portions that overlap between adjacent colored regions, it is possible to realize appropriate coloration at the overlapping portions by reducing the color density in advance.

17 to 20 exemplify and describe a mode in which color is imparted to the slope portion Sf0 formed by breaking at least a part of the convex portion Pp1 by the molding portion 12, but the present invention is not limited to this. . For example, as shown in FIG. 22, the white ink layer WL1 and the color layer CL1 may be sequentially stacked by the color imparting unit 14 after the concave portion D1 is filled with the filling material B1 by the molding unit 12.

<(4) Summary>
As described above, in the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 2 according to the present embodiment, the layers formed by the modeling material are sequentially stacked by supplying the modeling material by the supply unit 11. And this edge part T1 is shape | molded, without contacting edge part T1 of laminated body LP1 comprised by the several layer of the modeling material laminated | stacked here. Thereby, for example, even if the layers that are sequentially stacked are thickened to improve the manufacturing speed, the end portion T1 of the stacked body LP1 is formed in a non-contact manner. For this reason, it is possible to achieve both good dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the three-dimensional structure 3D1 and an improvement in manufacturing speed.

<(5) Modification>
Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the three-dimensional structure 3D1 is formed by directly stacking the layer of the modeling material on the holding unit 21, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the base material BM1 is held on the holding portion 21A, and a plurality of layers made of a modeling material are stacked on the base body BM1, so that the three-dimensional structure formed on the base body BM1 and the base body BM1. A complex with 3D1 may be formed. Examples of the base material BM1 include posters, maps, and stickers. Thereby, for example, a poster or a map on which some specific symbols and the like are raised can be realized. The specific symbol includes, for example, a symbol indicating a mountain or the like.

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a three-dimensional modeling system 100A according to a modification. The three-dimensional modeling system 100A is based on the three-dimensional modeling system 100 according to the embodiment, and the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 2 is changed to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 2A. Specifically, the 3D modeling apparatus 2A is based on the 3D modeling apparatus 2, the table unit 20 is changed to a table unit 20A having a different configuration, and a sensor unit 40 is added.

The table section 20A includes a holding section 21A,

rod sections

22a and 22b, and driving

sections

23a and 23b.

The holding portion 21A is a portion (also referred to as a base material holding portion) that holds the base material BM1, and is, for example, a plate-like portion having a smooth upper surface. As a holding method of the base material BM1 in the holding part 21A, for example, holding by a holding part or suction by a suction hole can be considered. 21 A of holding | maintenance parts hold | maintain indirectly the laminated body LP1 and three-dimensional molded item 3D1 which are formed on base material BM1 by hold | maintaining base material BM1. The

rod portions

22a and 22b move the holding portion 21A in the vertical direction according to the driving of the driving

portions

23a and 23b. The

drive parts

23a and 23b are parts that move the

rod parts

22a and 22b in the vertical direction. In the present embodiment, the relative position in the vertical direction between the base member BM1 held on the holding part 21A and the head part 30 is changed by moving the holding part 21A in the vertical direction by the

drive parts

23a and 23b. Is done. For example, every time a layer of a modeling material is formed on the base material BM1, the holding portion 21A and the base material BM1 move in a direction away from the head portion 30A.

Then, by supplying the modeling material on the base material BM1 by the supply unit 11, layers formed by the modeling material are sequentially stacked on the base material BM1. Here, since the end portion T1 of the laminated body LP1 is molded in a non-contact manner by the molding unit 12 as in the above-described embodiment, the dimensional accuracy and surface of the three-dimensional model 3D1 modeled on the base material BM1 are good. Quality and production speed can be improved at the same time. Moreover, although the structure which improves the surface quality of a three-dimensional molded item by wet etching etc. after formation of a three-dimensional molded item is considered, if the three-dimensional model | molding apparatus 2A which concerns on this modification is employ | adopted compared with this structure, There is no significant adverse effect on the quality of the base material BM1. Specifically, for example, even when the base material BM1 is made of a material that is vulnerable to moisture such as paper, according to the molding of the end portion T1 by the molding unit 12 in the one embodiment, the base material BM1. The quality of the is difficult to deteriorate.

The sensor unit 40 is a portion (also referred to as a modeling region recognition unit) that recognizes information for specifying a region (also referred to as a modeling target region) on which the three-dimensional modeled object on the base material BM1 is to be modeled. When the modeling target region on the base material BM1 is recognized in the sensor unit 40, the modeling material is supplied by the supply unit 11 onto the recognized modeling target region according to the recognition result by the sensor unit 40. Thereby, the layer formed of the modeling material is sequentially laminated on the modeling target region. As a result, the three-dimensional model 3D1 having good dimensional accuracy and surface quality can be quickly modeled in a desired modeling target region on the base material BM1.

The sensor unit 40 is equipped with, for example, a digital camera or the like, and as shown in FIG. 24, for example, the surface of the base material BM1 provided with a plurality of marks MK1 to MK4 in advance is photographed, and the photographed image is targeted. By performing the image processing, the positions of the plurality of marks MK1 to MK4 are recognized. At this time, if the positions of the plurality of marks MK1 to MK4 are also defined on the cross-sectional data related to the 3D data in the virtual space, coordinate information as information for specifying the modeling target regions LR1 and LR2 in the real space, etc. Can be recognized. Although the positions of the plurality of marks MK1 to MK4 are recognized by the sensor unit 40 here, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the positions of the plurality of marks MK1 to MK4 may be recognized by the cooperation of the sensor unit 40 and the control unit 10. In FIG. 24, cross-shaped marks MK1 to MK4 are shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the marks MK1 to MK4 are, for example, cross marks (“×”), circle marks (“◯”), double marks. It may have other forms such as a round mark (“◎”) and a white cross mark.

Also, the information for specifying the modeling target areas LR1 and LR2 can be recognized as information for specifying the two-dimensional and three-dimensional areas, for example. Specifically, the regions of the two-dimensional and three-dimensional modeling target regions LR1 and LR2 are obtained by a combination of at least one or more such as recognition by calculation from a two-dimensional image captured from a plurality of angles and recognition by a laser scanner. If the information for specifying is recognized, even if the base material BM1 is planar or three-dimensional, the modeling material can be laminated and colored in a desired region. In addition, here, based on information (also referred to as measurement data) for specifying a two-dimensional or three-dimensional area acquired by measurement, two-dimensional or three-dimensional data (design) in the design stage among the already shaped areas. It may be found that there is an area that does not match (also called data). In this case, the design data is deformed so as to match the measurement data of the modeled object, thereby enabling coloring with higher positional accuracy and shape accuracy with respect to the modeled object.

The sensor unit 40 collates shooting data that captures a pattern already drawn on the base material BM1 with cross-sectional data related to the 3D data, so that the modeling target regions LR1 and LR2 on the base material BM1 are identified. An aspect in which information for specifying is recognized may be employed.

In the present modification, for example, a region (also referred to as a three-dimensional region) where the three-dimensional object 3D1 is formed on the base material BM1 and a planar region where the three-dimensional object 3D1 is not formed (two-dimensional region) The color imparting unit 14 can also impart both.

In the above-described embodiment, the supply unit 11, the molding unit 12, the curing unit 13, and the color imparting unit 14 are provided in the same head unit 30. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The supply unit 11, the molding unit 12, the curing unit 13, and the color imparting unit 14 may be provided in separate heads, but two or more of the supply unit 11, the molding unit 12, the curing unit 13, and the color imparting unit 14. If as many parts as possible are mounted on the same head unit 30, the complication of the apparatus can be suppressed. Moreover, when the coloring on the three-dimensional structure 3D1 is unnecessary, the color imparting unit 14 may not be provided. Further, for example, when a room temperature curing type modeling material is employed, the curing unit 13 may not be provided.

In the above-described embodiment, the supply unit 11, the molding unit 12, the curing unit 13, and the color imparting unit 14 are mounted on the one three-dimensional modeling apparatus 2, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, by supplying the modeling material, at least the molding unit 12 that molds the end T1 without contacting the end T1 of the stacked body LP1 in which layers formed by the modeling material are sequentially stacked A molding apparatus for three-dimensional modeling provided may be employed. Thereby, for example, in the formation of the laminated body LP1 in another apparatus, the end portion T1 of the laminated body LP1 is formed in a non-contact manner even if the layers that are sequentially laminated are thickened to improve the manufacturing speed. For this reason, it is possible to achieve both good dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the three-dimensional structure and the improvement of the manufacturing speed. In addition, for example, the supply unit 11, the molding unit 12, the curing unit 13, and the color imparting unit 14 may be separately mounted on two or more apparatuses. That is, the three-dimensional modeling system 100 may be configured with two or more apparatuses for forming a three-dimensional model.

By the way, for example, it is conceivable to form a three-dimensional modeled object and color the three-dimensional modeled object on a base material on which a plane and a three-dimensional modeled object are colored by another apparatus. For example, a portion for recognizing information for specifying a region to be colored (also referred to as a coloring target region) on the stacked body LP1 may be provided. At this time, a region formed of the coloring material can be formed by providing the coloring material on the coloring target region according to the recognition result by the coloring region recognition unit by the color imparting unit 14. Thereby, both the modeling object formed with the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 2 and the modeling object formed with the other apparatus can be accurately colored in a necessary coloring target region.

Specifically, for example, in the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 2 of the three-dimensional modeling system 100, physical means for performing alignment between the base material BM1, the cross-sectional data, and the 3D data may be provided. Here, as a physical means, a pin etc. are mentioned, for example, The aspect by which the area | region used as the object of formation and coloring of a three-dimensional molded item is recognized by the movement and contact | abutting of this physical means can be considered. . In this case, for example, the process of laminating modeling materials that require a long time is performed in a separate device, so that the productivity for manufacturing a three-dimensional modeled product that has been subjected to modeling and coloring is improved. obtain.

Here, for example, a case where a three-dimensional object such as a cover (also referred to as a terminal cover) of a mobile communication terminal device is shaped and colored differently according to an order is assumed. In this case, information such as an FR tag for identifying information so that the information for managing the order (also referred to as order management information) and the 3D data, the cross-sectional data, and the color data of the three-dimensional object are matched. A mode in which an element for identification (also referred to as an information identification element) is pasted on the non-printing surface of the terminal cover, and three-dimensional modeling and coloring are performed based on information recognized from the information identification element by the reader of FRID Can be considered. According to this aspect, management of information using the information identification element makes it possible to reduce work mistakes, and facilitates identification and management of products after formation of a three-dimensional model and coloring.

Specifically, for example, when a plurality of terminal covers are arranged at a time and different three-dimensional objects are formed and colored based on 3D data and cross-sectional data, the following steps a to e are sequentially performed. The manner in which it is performed is conceivable.

[Step a] An information identification element corresponding to three-dimensional modeling and coloring is attached to each terminal cover.

[Step b] A plurality of portable covers are fixed in a three-dimensional modeling apparatus that performs three-dimensional modeling and coloring. At this time, as a method of fixing the mobile cover, for example, mechanical fixing using a jig and vacuum suction or the like can be considered.

[Step c] 3D data, cross-sectional data, and color data of the three-dimensional structure are acquired by the information recognized from the information identification element affixed to each terminal cover by the control unit 10 via the reader. A two-dimensional area and a three-dimensional area to be modeled and colored are recognized by a laser scanner or the like.

[Step d] From the information obtained in step c, information on the region where the modeling material is laminated, the region where the end of the laminate is molded, and the region where coloring is performed in the laminate are calculated, and the modeling is performed. And data on coloring are prepared.

[Step e] Based on the data prepared in Step d, a plurality of portable covers are shaped and colored as an object for integrated modeling and coloring, so that the head for modeling and coloring is wasted Therefore, the amount of movement can be reduced and the working time can be shortened.

Moreover, in the said one Embodiment, although the edge part T1 was shape | molded by the shaping | molding part 12 about the laminated body LP1 corresponding to the one part layer of several layers which comprise the three-dimensional molded item 3D1, it is not restricted to this. . For example, the aspect which the edge part T1 shape | molds by the shaping | molding part 12 about the laminated body LP1 corresponding to all the layers which comprise the three-dimensional molded item 3D1 may be employ | adopted. Specifically, when a room-temperature-curing type modeling material is employed, an aspect in which the end portion T1 is molded by the molding unit 12 after the laminate LP1 corresponding to the three-dimensional model 3D1 is formed is employed. obtain. However, if an aspect in which the end T1 is formed for each layered body LP1 corresponding to a part of the plurality of layers constituting the three-dimensional structure 3D1, the unevenness in the height direction of the layered body LP1 is adopted. The control of the corresponding molding part 12 can be facilitated.

In the above-described embodiment, the distance between the

table units

20 and 20A and the head unit 30 is adjusted by moving the holding

units

21 and 21A of the

table units

20 and 20A in the vertical direction. Absent. For example, the

table units

20 and 20A may be fixed, and the head unit 30 may move in the vertical direction, or both the

table units

20 and 20A and the head unit 30 may move in the vertical direction.

In the above embodiment, the head unit 30 is two-dimensionally scanned above the holding unit 21. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when the width of the three-dimensional model 3D1 is small or the supply unit 11, the molding unit 12, the curing unit 13, and the color imparting unit 14 are provided widely in the head unit 30, the head unit 30 is unidirectional. A mode in which only scanning is performed (also referred to as one-dimensional scanning) may be employed.

Further, in the three-dimensional modeling system 100 according to the above-described embodiment and the three-dimensional modeling system 100A according to the above-described modification, a shape (for example, an upward convex shape) that narrows as it goes upward is obtained by curing the modeling material. A three-dimensionally shaped object having a taper shape was formed. However, it is not limited to this. For example, the modeling material is a first modeling material (also referred to as a model material) for constituting a three-dimensional modeled object, and a second modeling material (also referred to as a support material) that can be removed after the three-dimensional modeled object is formed. May be included. In this case, a portion of the stacked body formed by stacking the model materials that narrows downward (for example, a reversely tapered shape protruding downward) can be formed by support from below with the support material. Note that the support material may be removed after coloring after the formation of the three-dimensional structure, for example.

In such a configuration, for example, the support material laminate is formed by laminating the support material, and after the end of the laminate is formed, the model material is supplied to the gap between the support materials. By doing so, a mode in which a three-dimensional modeled object is formed can be considered. Even if such an aspect is adopted, it is possible to achieve both good dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the three-dimensional modeled object having an inversely tapered portion and an improvement in manufacturing speed.

Here, as the support material, for example, a removable material such as a water swelling gel, a wax, a thermoplastic resin, a water-soluble material, or a soluble material may be employed. As a technique for removing the support material, for example, a technique such as water washing, heating, chemical reaction, power washing such as hydraulic washing, dissolution by electromagnetic wave irradiation, or separation using a difference in thermal expansion may be employed.

FIG. 25 is a diagram schematically illustrating a schematic configuration of a three-dimensional modeling system 100B according to another modification. The three-dimensional modeling system 100B is based on the three-dimensional modeling system 100A according to the above-described modification, and the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 2 is changed to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 2B. In the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 2B, the head unit 30 according to the modification is changed to the head unit 30B, and the head unit 30B is configured such that the supply unit 11 of the head unit 30 is the first supply unit. 11a and the supply part 11B which has the 2nd supply part 11b. The first supply unit 11a supplies a model material. The second supply unit 11b supplies a support material.

FIG. 26 to FIG. 35 are diagrams schematically illustrating a process in which a three-dimensional object including an inversely tapered portion is formed by the three-dimensional object forming system 100B.

First, as shown in FIG. 26, when the support material is supplied by the second supply unit 11b, one or more layers Ls1 to Ls3 formed by the support material are laminated. At this time, two or more layers formed of the support material may be sequentially stacked.

Next, as shown in FIG. 27, the step portion SPs1 at the end portion Ts1 of the stacked body LPs1 configured by the plurality of layers of the support material stacked by the second supply unit 11b is formed by the molding unit 12 at the end portion. Molded without being in contact with Ts1. Here, for example, the above first to third molding methods may be employed. For example, in FIGS. 26 and 27, the convex portion Pa1 of the stepped portion SPs1 is collapsed, and the end portion Ts1 becomes a sloped portion Ss0 after molding composed of the sloped portions Ss1 to Ss3 of the layers Ls1 to Ls3. The situation is illustrated.

Next, as shown in FIG. 28, the region of the multilayer body LPs 1 composed of the support material on the surface facing the gap Rs 0 of the multilayer body LPs 1 and where the surface of the three-dimensional structure is formed. The coloring layer CL1 is formed by applying the coloring material to the selective region that needs to be colored by the color applying unit 14.

Next, as shown in FIG. 29, white ink is applied on the colored layer CL1 so that the colored layer CL1 has a good color on the surface of the three-dimensional structure, and the white layer WL1 is formed. The white ink can be formed by, for example, the color applying unit 14. That is, the white layer WL1 is formed in the region to be colored on the stacked body LPs1 at the timing after the color imparting unit 14 is colored by the imparting unit 14.

Next, as shown in FIG. 30, the model material layers L03, L02, and L01 are sequentially stacked by supplying the model material by the first supply unit 11a so as to fill the gap Rs0 of the stacked body LPs1. The laminated body LP0 thus formed is formed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 31, the model material is supplied onto the model material layer L01 by the first supply unit 11a, so that the model material layers L1, L2 are formed on the model material layer L01. , L3 are stacked to form a stacked body LP1.

Next, as shown in FIG. 32, the end portion T1 of the laminate LP1 is formed by the forming portion 12. Here, the above first to third molding methods can be employed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 33, white ink is applied on the surface of the laminate LP1 to form a white layer WL1. The white ink can be formed by, for example, the color applying unit 14. That is, the white layer WL1 is formed in the region to be colored on the stacked body LP1 at a timing before the color imparting unit 14 is colored by the imparting unit 14.

Next, as shown in FIG. 34, a coloring material CL is formed on the white layer WL1 formed on the multilayer body LP1 by applying a coloring material by the color applying unit 14.

Then, as shown in FIG. 35, the formation of the colored three-dimensional structure 3D1s is completed by removing the laminated body LPs1 made of the support material. As a result, a smooth surface is formed up to the inversely tapered portion, and even better coloring can be realized.

Here, the white layer WL1 is formed in the region to be colored on the stacked bodies LPs1 and LP1 by the color imparting unit 14 at both the timing before and after the coloring by the color imparting unit 14. However, it is not limited to this. As in the above-described embodiment, the white layer WL1 may be formed at the timing before coloring, or when the white layer WL1 is formed only in the reverse tapered portion, at the timing after coloring. A white layer WL1 may be formed. That is, even when the color imparting unit 14 forms the white layer WL1 in the region to be colored on the stacked bodies LPs1 and LP1 at least at one timing before and after the coloring by the color imparting unit 14. good. Thereby, a colored region having high color quality such as saturation, brightness, and contrast can be formed.

Further, in the above-described embodiment and various modifications, as a method for forming the end portion T1 of the laminate LP1, a forming method for reducing or eliminating the convex portion Pp1 of the step portion SP1 formed on the end portion T1, and the step Although the shaping | molding method which fills the recessed part D1 of part SP1 was employ | adopted, it is not restricted to this. As a method for forming the end portion T1, for example, after the end portion T1 is formed by the forming portion 12, the end portion T1 may be subjected to uneven processing. Thereby, the edge part T1 is deform | transformed suitably and the surface quality in the end surface T1 after shaping | molding can be adjusted. Here, the concavo-convex process is a process in which at least one of a concave portion and a convex portion is further formed in a region formed by reduction or disappearance of the convex portion Pp1 or burying of the concave portion D1. And as an uneven | corrugated process, the process which provides a recessed surface regularly or irregularly on a smooth surface, or the process which provides a pattern like a leather surface on a smooth surface, etc. can be employ | adopted, for example.

Here, a method for realizing the uneven processing will be described with a specific example. Here, an example will be described in which concavo-convex processing is realized by a combination of gas blowing and laser light irradiation. For example, when the modeling material constituting the laminate LP1 has a low melting point, uneven processing can be realized only by laser light irradiation.

FIG. 36 and FIG. 37 are diagrams for explaining a method of forming the end portion T1 of the multilayer body LP1 according to one modification. As shown in FIG. 36, the laser beam emitted from the laser Lz0 is applied to the desired region of the end T1 of the multilayer body LP1 by the element Mr0. Here, examples of the laser Lz0 include those that emit infrared laser light. Examples of the element Mr0 include DMD, GLV, crystal optical element, galvanometer mirror, and polygon mirror. At this time, the gas discharged from the slit-shaped opening of the gas supply unit Ai0 is blown onto the desired region. As a result, the convex portion Pp1 of the end portion T1 is once broken, and as shown in FIG. 37, the slope portion Sf1 of the layer L1, the slope portion Sf2 of the layer L2, and the slope portion Sf3 of the layer L3 are formed. A slope Sf0 after forming is formed. Here, the gas to be blown has an air knife-like form. In addition, here, by adjusting the time during which the desired region of the end portion T1 is irradiated with the laser beam or the intensity of the laser beam, the amount by which the convex portion Pp1 is broken can be adjusted. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 37, a gas is blown while irradiating a desired region of the slope portion Sf0 with a device having the same configuration as in FIG. 36, for example, regular or irregular. A plurality of holes arranged in a regular manner are formed.

FIG. 38 is a diagram for explaining a method of forming the end portion T1 of the multilayer body LP1 according to another modification. Here, a description will be given of a form in which the forming of the convex portion Pp1 of the end portion T1 and the further deformation of the end portion T1 are performed substantially simultaneously. As shown in FIG. 38, the laser light emitted from the laser Lz0 is converted by the integrator Ig0 into laser light (also referred to as surface laser light) that is parallel light having a certain area in a cross section perpendicular to the traveling direction. A desired region of the end portion T1 of the multilayer body LP1 is irradiated by the element portion Dm0. Moreover, the gas discharged from the slit-shaped opening of gas supply part Ai0 is sprayed on this desired area | region. At this time, the second region of the element portion Dm0 is immediately after the projection Pp1 of the end portion T1 is collapsed by irradiating the desired region of the end portion T1 with the laser beam by the first region Dm1 of the element portion Dm0. By irradiating the desired region of the end portion T1 with the laser beam by Dm2, for example, a plurality of holes arranged regularly or irregularly are formed. As the element portion Dm0, a two-dimensional array of elements such as a DMD, or a structure composed of two or more galvanometer mirrors may be employed.

In the above-described embodiment, the modeling material is simply laminated, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when the modeling material is laminated, an appropriate pattern of a material that affects electromagnetic waves or the like that appropriately includes metals such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum, nickel, and iron is formed on the cover of the mobile communication terminal device. It may be formed in an optimized region of the surface. Thereby, it is possible to realize a function of easily receiving radio waves or a function of suppressing the influence of electromagnetic waves due to the presence of a portion having a decorative function of the mobile communication terminal device. As a result, for example, various performances such as the stability of communication or the admissibility of use in facilities of medical institutions can be imparted, so that the value of the cover of the mobile communication terminal device can be improved.

In the above-described embodiment, for example, an ultraviolet curable resin, a thermosetting resin, a thermoplastic resin, or the like is simply used as the modeling material. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a plurality of types of modeling materials having different ratios of components related to the hardness after curing may be employed. Specifically, for example, if the supply unit 11 further includes a portion (also referred to as a change unit) that changes the ratio of the component of the modeling material related to the hardness after curing of the modeling material, the supply unit A plurality of types of modeling materials can be supplied from 11. In the changing unit, for example, the ratio of the components of the modeling material can be changed by supplying and mixing materials of a plurality of types of compositions. If such a configuration is adopted, for example, the amount of the curing agent per unit area is changed like a halftone dot in a selective region when the modeling material is laminated or after lamination in a semi-cured state. By making it, the component ratio of the modeling material containing a hardening | curing agent may be changed. For this reason, even if a plurality of materials having different hardnesses after curing are not supplied from separate supply units, a modeled object having partially different hardness can be created. Thereby, even if many kinds of materials and many supply parts are not prepared, the three-dimensional molded item from which hardness differs can be implement | achieved.

In the above-described embodiment, for example, an ultraviolet curable resin, a thermosetting resin, or a thermoplastic resin is used as the modeling material, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, an aspect in which a rough portion of the three-dimensional model is formed of a thermoplastic resin and a fine portion is formed of an ultraviolet curable resin, a thermosetting resin, or the like is also conceivable. At this time, a mode in which a rough step portion formed of a thermoplastic resin is filled with ultraviolet curable white ink or the like may be employed. In this case, for example, by using a thermoplastic resin having a low material cost, the manufacturing cost of the three-dimensional structure can be reduced.

In the above-described embodiment and various modifications, for example, the head units 30 and 30A may be driven by wires or belts or the like by another drive unit separated from the head units 30 and 30A.

Needless to say, all or a part of each of the above-described embodiment and various modifications can be appropriately combined within a consistent range.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1

Data creation apparatus

2,2A 3D modeling apparatus 3D1 3D modeling object 10 Control part 11 Supply part 12 Molding part 12h Heat provision part 12n Gas supply part 12s Sound wave irradiation part 12z Filling material supply part 13 Curing part 14 Color provision part 14s Light-shielding

Plate

20,

20A Table part

21, 21A Holding part 30, 30A Head part 30Bd Head main body part 40

Sensor part

100, 100A Stereolithography system Ar1 selective area B1 Filling material BM1 Base material C100 Purification part D1 Concave part FL1 Precuring target part H1 to H4 Through hole L1 to L3 Layer LP1 Laminate LR1, LR2 Modeling target area N1 to N5 Gas supply pipe Pp1 Convex part SP1 Step part T1 End part

Claims

A supply unit for sequentially stacking layers formed by the modeling material by supplying the modeling material;
A molding part that molds the end part without contacting the end part of the laminated body constituted by a plurality of layers of the modeling material laminated by the supply part;
3D modeling apparatus.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 1,
The molded part is
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus which shape | molds the said edge part of the said laminated body by breaking at least one part of the convex part currently formed in the upper outer peripheral part in each layer laminated | stacked by the said supply part.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 2,
A curing unit that cures each layer laminated by the supply unit;
The cured portion is
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus that cures each layer after at least a part of the convex portion of each layer is broken by the molding unit.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 3,
The cured portion is
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus that cures at least a portion in the vicinity of the convex portion other than the convex portion in the upper portion of each layer before the convex portion of each layer is broken by the molding portion.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
The molded part is
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus which has a gas supply part which destroys at least one part of the said convex part by blowing gas on the said convex part.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 5,
The gas supply unit is
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus that blows gas onto at least a part of the convex portion from a direction inclined with respect to the upper surface of each layer.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
The molded part is
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus having a sound wave irradiation unit that breaks at least a part of the convex part by irradiating the convex part with sound waves.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
The molded part is
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus having a heat application part that breaks at least a part of the convex part by increasing fluidity of the convex part by applying heat to the convex part.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 8,
One or more cured layers are formed by curing each layer laminated by the supply unit,
The molded part is
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus that melts and collapses at least a part of the convex part by applying heat to at least a part of the convex part formed on the outer peripheral part of the upper part of each of the hardened layers.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
The molded part is
By supplying the filling material, at least part of the concave portion of the stepped portion formed on the outer peripheral portion of the two or more layers stacked by the supply unit is filled with the filling material, and the end portion of the stacked body is formed. A three-dimensional modeling apparatus having a filling material supply unit to be molded.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 10,
The filling material is
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus including a light scattering material that scatters light.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
The molded part is
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus that moves relative to the upper surface in a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction along the upper surface in a state of being separated from the upper surface of the laminate.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
The supply unit is
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus that moves relative to the upper surface in a third direction and a fourth direction intersecting the third direction along the upper surface in a state of being separated from the upper surface of the laminated body.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus comprising: a moving body provided with the supply unit and the forming unit and moving relatively along the upper surface in a state of being separated from the upper surface of the stacked body.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 14,
A substrate holding part for holding the substrate,
Further comprising
The supply unit is
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus for sequentially stacking layers formed of the modeling material on the base material by supplying the modeling material on the base material.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 15,
A modeling region recognition unit that recognizes information for specifying a modeling target region on the base material;
The supply unit is
Three-dimensional modeling in which layers formed by the modeling material are sequentially stacked on the modeling target region by supplying the modeling material onto the modeling target region according to a recognition result by the modeling region recognition unit. apparatus.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 16,
After the end of the laminate is molded by the molding unit, a color imparting unit that colors the surface of the laminate,
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus further comprising:
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 17,
A colored region recognition unit for recognizing information for specifying a coloring target region on the laminate;
With
The color imparting unit is
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus which forms the area | region comprised with this coloring material by supplying the coloring material on the said coloring object area | region according to the recognition result by the said colored area recognition part.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 17 or 18,
The three-dimensional model | molding apparatus in which the said color provision part forms a white layer in the area | region used as the object of coloring of the said laminated body in at least one timing before and after coloring by this color provision part.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 19,
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus further comprising a prevention unit that prevents clogging of a discharge port that discharges a material.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 19,
A purification unit for cleaning the discharge port for discharging the material;
3D modeling apparatus.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 21,
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus in which the said modeling material contains the 1st modeling material for comprising a three-dimensional molded item, and the 2nd modeling material removed after formation of the said three-dimensional molded item.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 22,
The three-dimensional model | molding apparatus in which the said supply part further has a change part which changes the ratio of the component of this modeling material which concerns on the hardness after hardening of the said modeling material.
24. The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein:
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus which performs uneven | corrugated processing to this edge part, after the said shaping | molding part shape | molds the said edge part.
(a) sequentially stacking layers formed by the modeling material by supplying the modeling material;
(b) forming the end without contacting the end of the laminate composed of a plurality of layers of the modeling material laminated in the step (a);
The manufacturing method of the three-dimensional molded item which has.
It is a manufacturing method of the three-dimensional molded item according to claim 25,
In the step (b),
The manufacturing method of the three-dimensional molded item which shape | molds the said edge part of the said laminated body by destroying at least one part of the convex part currently formed in the outer peripheral part of the upper part in each layer laminated | stacked in the said (a) step.
It is a manufacturing method of the solid fabrication thing according to claim 25 or claim 26,
In the step (b),
By supplying the filling material, at least part of the concave portion of the stepped portion formed in the outer peripheral portion of the two or more layers laminated in the step (a) is filled with the filling material, and A manufacturing method of a three-dimensional modeled object which forms an end.
A molding apparatus for a three-dimensional modeled object having a molding part for molding the end part without contacting the end part of the laminate in which layers formed by the modeling material are sequentially laminated by supplying the modeling material. .