WO2016050926A1 - Procédé de transmission multipoint, et système de commande de transmission multipoint, utilisant un codage réseau - Google Patents

Procédé de transmission multipoint, et système de commande de transmission multipoint, utilisant un codage réseau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016050926A1
WO2016050926A1 PCT/EP2015/072723 EP2015072723W WO2016050926A1 WO 2016050926 A1 WO2016050926 A1 WO 2016050926A1 EP 2015072723 W EP2015072723 W EP 2015072723W WO 2016050926 A1 WO2016050926 A1 WO 2016050926A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wireless transmission
data packets
transmission path
network
user device
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PCT/EP2015/072723
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English (en)
Inventor
Berksan SERBETCI
Jasper Goseling
Ljupco Jorguseski
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Kpn N.V.
Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno
Universiteit Twente
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Publication of WO2016050926A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016050926A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0076—Distributed coding, e.g. network coding, involving channel coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
    • H04B7/026—Co-operative diversity, e.g. using fixed or mobile stations as relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1812—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
    • H04L1/1819—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ] with retransmission of additional or different redundancy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multipoint transmission method and multipoint transmission control system using network coding. More specifically, the invention relates to a multipoint transmission method and multipoint transmission control system using network coding to reduce coordination between transmission nodes.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE Advanced Long Term Evolution Advanced
  • 4G fourth generation
  • 3G 3th Generation
  • GSM/EDGE also known as 2G or 2.5G
  • UMTS/HSPA also known as 3G
  • Downlink coordinated multipoint (CoMP) transmission is a concept of receiving data at a user device in a coordinated manner from multiple transmission nodes (e.g. cells, base stations, NodeBs, eNBs), wherein the transmission nodes are collocated or geographically separated.
  • the transmission nodes involved in the transmission are part of a so-called CoMP set.
  • the 3GPP Technical Report 'Coordinated multi-point operation for LTE physical layer aspects', TR 36.819, v1 1.1.0 refers to different CoMP categories, including a category termed 'dynamic cell selection' wherein at a particular point in time data is transmitted over a wireless interface only from a single transmission node and there is a process to dynamically select which of the transmission nodes transmits the data. For example, selecting a trans- mission node with the, at the particular point in time, best conditions on the wireless interface allows to increase the rate at which data packets may be delivered at the user device, compared to a single-point mode of operation.
  • data packets P1 to P3 are provided from a node, e.g. a gateway GW, to two different geographically separated transmission nodes TN1 and TN2 in order to enable both transmission nodes to transmit, when selected, the data packets to the user device over the wireless interface.
  • a node e.g. a gateway GW
  • a same data packet i.e., each of the data packets P1 to P3 is transmitted to both the first transmission node TN1 and to the second transmission node TN2. Accordingly, the traffic load in the network resulting from multipoint transmission is doubled, tripled, etc. in proportion to the number of involved transmission nodes (i.e. proportional to the size of the CoMP cooperating set) in comparison to single point transmission (and also in comparison with multipoint transmission from multiple geographically collocated transmission nodes).
  • coordination between the wireless transmission nodes may be required in order for one transmission node to know which of data packets P1 to P3 has been delivered at the user device by the other transmission node, such that those data packets need not be transmitted by and may be discarded at the former transmission node.
  • data packets P1 and P3 are transmitted to only TN1 and data packet P2 is transmitted to only TN2 for wireless delivery at the user device, thus reducing traffic load in the network compared to the method of Fig. 1A.
  • coordination between the transmission nodes would be more complicated compared to the meth- od of Fig. 1A, for example because in the method of Fig. 1 B not each transmission node is able to deliver any of the data packets P1 to P3 at the user device.
  • the present disclosure presents a multipoint transmission method for delivering a plurality of data packets at a user device using a first wireless transmission path and at least one second wireless transmission path.
  • the plurality of data packets may comprise a set of data packets that is to be received by the user device before a further set of further data packets is transmitted.
  • the sets need not be equal in size.
  • the first and second wireless transmission paths are provided by first and second transmission nodes.
  • These nodes may comprise geographically separated transmission nodes, such as cells, base stations (e.g. NodeBs, evolved NodeBs, eNBs) and WiFi access points.
  • the transmission nodes may comprise transmission nodes providing a single radio access technology.
  • the transmission nodes may be comprised in a cellular wireless access network to enable the (e.g. mobile) user device to connect to a telecommunications network.
  • telecommunications network comprises a Long Term Evolution (LTE) or LTE-Advanced network.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-Advanced LTE-Advanced network
  • Another example of such a network comprises a UMTS network, for example supporting High Speed Packet Access (HSPA).
  • HSPA High Speed Packet Access
  • Yet another example comprises a network having WiMAX base stations or WiFi access points.
  • the first transmission path may be a transmission path for one radio access technology and the second transmission path may be a transmission path for another radio access technology (e.g. any combination of UMTS/HSPA, LTE or LTE-Advanced, WiMAX and WiFi access technologies).
  • another radio access technology e.g. any combination of UMTS/HSPA, LTE or LTE-Advanced, WiMAX and WiFi access technologies.
  • Yet another example comprises providing one wireless transmission path from a tele- communications network (e.g. an LTE transmission path) and another wireless transmission path provided from another transmission node separate from a telecommunications network (e.g. a WIFI home gateway).
  • a tele- communications network e.g. an LTE transmission path
  • another wireless transmission path provided from another transmission node separate from a telecommunications network (e.g. a WIFI home gateway).
  • Yet another embodiment comprises a multicarrier configuration, wherein the first transmission path comprises a first carrier and the second communication path comprises another carrier (e.g. two different carriers in a UMTS/HSPA, LTE or LTE-Advanced network).
  • the size of the CoMP set comprises n transmission nodes, there may be 1 first transmission path and n-1 second transmission paths.
  • the transmission nodes may be geographically separate transmission nodes or collocated transmission nodes.
  • At least one network coded data packet is obtained corresponding to a linear combination of two or more data packets of the plurality of data packets.
  • Network coded data packets may be obtained by constructing network coded data packets at a wireless transmission node or may by receiving network coded data packets from another entity, e.g. from a network node higher in the network or from a dedicated network coded entity.
  • Network coding comprises making a linear combination of (at least the payload of) two or more data packets (e.g. via a bit-wise XOR operation of the two or more data packets), resulting in a network coded data packet.
  • a single network-coded data packet thus represents a single linear combination of the two or more data packets.
  • different linear combinations, and thus different network coded data packets may be made from a same set of two or more data packets.
  • a linear combination of the two or more data packets of a given (same) size may result in a network-coded data packet of that given size.
  • Overhead information e.g. overhead bits
  • a network coded packet C can be expressed as a linear combination of data packets P:
  • the numbers a n i, a n2 , in the above expression are called coding coefficients.
  • at least two of the coding coefficients are non-zero.
  • Network coded data packets C are different if the linear combinations are different, i.e. if either the coding coefficients are different or the involved data packets P are different (or both).
  • the vectors of coding coefficients of two or more network coded data packets C are linearly independent. This facilitates resolving the data packets P from the network coded data packets C at e.g. a user device. By applying network decoding on a sufficient number of different network coded data packets C, the data packets P comprised in the linear combinations represented in the network coded data packets may be resolved.
  • one or more data packets of the plurality of data packets are transmitted onto the first wireless transmission path. These data packets are not network coded (i.e. uncoded) and, accordingly, do not need to be network decoded at the user device, thereby reducing the processing burden at the user device. At least one network coded data packet is transmitted onto the at least one second wireless transmission path. The one or more data packets transmitted onto the first wireless transmission path and the at least one network coded data packet transmitted onto the at least one second wireless transmission path together enable the user device to obtain the plurality of the data packets, e.g. the plu- rality of data packets from a pre-defined set of data packets.
  • a data packet may comprise any block (e.g. an integer number of bits or bytes) of payload data.
  • a data packet typically also has additional overhead (bits or bytes), e.g. header and/or trailer bits, for the purpose of transporting the payload data.
  • additional overhead comprise an indication of the data packet (e.g. a packet sequence number) and/or payload destination, of a (logical) channel, of a data packet and/or a payload length and/or an error check (e.g. CRC).
  • a data packet in this disclosure thus comprises e.g. an Internet Protocol (IPv4, IPv6) datagram, possibly with additional overhead such as GTP overhead for tunnelling the IP packet through part of the telecommunications network (e.g. from a gateway (S-GW) to a base station (eNB)), an RLC PDU and a Transport Block as e.g. used on a wireless (radio) connection between a base station (eNB) and a user device (UE).
  • data packets may not be transmitted at once in its entirety, but that transmission of data packets may be conducted piece-wise in segments.
  • the user device may receive segments of a data packet over the second wireless transmission path when transmission of segments of another packet over the first wireless transmission path has not been completed. In that sense, transmission over the first and second wireless transmission paths may be simultaneous.
  • the network coding is preferably performed over complete data packets.
  • the network coded data packets are transmitted in segments over a particular second wireless transmission path.
  • a computer program or suite of computer programs and carrier(s) therefore are disclosed for conducting the method disclosed herein when run on a computer system.
  • a multipoint transmission system for delivery of a plurality of data packets at a user device.
  • the system comprises means for obtaining at least one network coded data packet corresponding to a linear combination of two or more data packets of the plurality of data packets.
  • the system also comprises a first transmitter configured for transmitting one or more data packets of the plurality of data packets onto a first wireless transmission path and a second transmitter configured for transmitting the at least one network coded data packet for transmission onto at least one second wireless transmission path.
  • the one or more data packets transmitted onto the first wireless transmission path and the at least one network coded data packet transmitted onto the at least one second wireless transmission path together enable delivery of the plurality of the data packets at the user device.
  • the system further, preferably, comprises a control system configured to select the first transmitter and the at least one second transmitter from a given set of transmitters, e.g. from a CoMP set of transmission nodes.
  • a telecommunications system comprising a multipoint transmission system as disclosed herein.
  • a user device configured for receiving a plurality of data packets for use with the multipoint transmission system as described herein.
  • the user device is con- figured for receiving one or more packets received over a first wireless transmission path and for receiving at least one network coded data packet received over a second wireless transmission path, wherein the network coded data packet corresponds to a linear combination of two or more data packets of the plurality of data packets.
  • the user device is configured for distinguishing between uncoded and network coded data packets, e.g. based on the path over which the data packets are received or on the basis of analysing the header of the data packets.
  • the user device is configured for decoding the at least one network coded data packet to obtain at least one data packet of the plurality of data packets.
  • the user device is configured to constitute the plurality of data packets from the data packets received over the first wireless transmission path and the at least one data packet obtained by decoding of the at least one network coded data packet received over the second wireless transmission path.
  • the disclosed method and system provide a single wireless transmission path over which uncoded data packets are transmitted while network coded data packets are transmitted over one or more further wireless transmission paths. Accordingly, since any data packet may be resolved from the network coded data packet (provided that the data packet is included in the linear combination), no infor- mation needs to be exchanged between the transmission nodes providing the transmission paths on which data packets have been transmitted. Thus, coordination requirements between the wireless transmission nodes are reduced.
  • the method may be executed in a cellular wireless telecommunications system and the first transmission node and second transmission node are cells (base stations) on geographically separated locations both providing radio coverage for the user device.
  • the multipoint transmission method may comprise downlink coordinated multipoint transmission using dynamic cell selection, e.g. inter-NodeB or inter-eNB coordinated multipoint transmission using dynamic cell selection.
  • network coding is not necessarily performed by the mul- tipoint transmission system.
  • Network coded data packets may be received from an external network coding entity and be obtained by the multipoint transmission system.
  • a set of data packets is used for obtaining the at least one network coded data packet.
  • One or more network coded data packets may comprise linear combinations of all data packets of the set of data packets. Other network coded data packets may comprise less data packets of the set of data packets. The decision which and/or how many data packets should be used in the linear combination may be based on information received from the user device.
  • the first and second transmission paths may be selected arbitrarily or randomly from a given set of transmission nodes.
  • the method and system comprise obtain- ing a quality measure for at least one of the first wireless transmission path and the at least one second wireless transmission path.
  • the quality measure may include an indication of the channel quality (e.g. obtained by receiving a signal level reported by the user device, radio channel properties such as rank of the radio channel matrix in case of multi antenna transmission reported by the user device, CQI messag- es from the user device indicative of the signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) at the user device) and/or estimated or measured throughput towards the user device and/or the network load experienced by the transmission node. Other factors may be included as well.
  • SINR signal to interference and noise ratio
  • the first transmission path onto which the uncoded data packets are transmitted is selected on the basis of the obtained quality measure.
  • the quality measure may e.g. be a reference to a pre-defined base level of the measure for a transmission path. If the quality compared to this base level, the transmission path may be selected as the first wireless transmission path on the basis of the comparison.
  • this may be the path having the best quality of the considered wireless transmission paths (e.g. the lowest load, the highest SINR, etc.).
  • the other one or more wireless trans- mission paths will, as a consequence, be used to transmit network coded data packets.
  • the quality measure for the transmission path(s) may vary over time. Accordingly, the transmission path selected for transmitting uncoded data packets may change. In one embodiment, the selection is performed each time a new set of data packets is to be transmitted to the user device. As mentioned above, the size of the sets may be different for subsequent sets.
  • the first wireless transmission path is provided from a first wireless transmission node and the second wireless transmission path is provided from a second wireless transmission node.
  • the wireless transmission nodes may be geographically separate nodes, e.g. base stations (NodeB, eNodeB) of a telecommunications network.
  • the control system may be located anywhere within the system, e.g. within the telecommunications network. In one embodiment, the control system may be collocated with or may be integrated with one of the transmission nodes.
  • the multipoint transmission method applies a control system located in at least one of the first transmission node, the at least one second transmission node, a network node controlling the first and second transmission nodes, a network node higher in the network.
  • the method comprises selecting the first wireless transmission path and the second wireless transmission path from the control system. Selection may be based on the above-mentioned quality measure. Alternatively, selection may be based on decisions from the operator of the network or on the basis of historic data.
  • the control system may also be responsible for performing the network coding or for issuing network coding instructions.
  • the control system may be distributed over several network nodes. If the first and second transmission nodes apply the same radio access technology (possibly applying different carriers), the control system may be located in one or more of the transmission nodes itself.
  • control system may be located higher in the network infrastructure, e.g. in a network node controlling the transmission nodes (e.g. in the S-GW) or even in a higher node
  • a central radio access network controller may be used.
  • the control system may also be a separate entity, e.g. a separate network node.
  • a network node may transmit the same data packets to each of the wireless transmission nodes, e.g. by making copies of the data packets. Accordingly, the plurality of data packets is received at the first wireless transmission node from the network node and at the second wireless transmission node from the network node. When the plurality of data packets (e.g. a particular set of data packets) has been distributed amongst the wireless transmission nodes, the network node may discard the plurality of data packets (e.g. the data packets of a particular set).
  • the wireless network node(s) providing the second transmission paths may generate one or more network coded data packets from at least two of the packets received from the network node.
  • network coding may be outsourced to another entity (e.g. another wireless transmission node or a dedicated network coding facility).
  • another entity e.g. another wireless transmission node or a dedicated network coding facility.
  • the network node may also generate network coded data packets and transmit these to one or more of the second transmission nodes.
  • the first wireless transmission node may receive an acknowledgment indication from the user device for each data packet transmitted over the first wireless transmission path.
  • the acknowledgement indication hereinafter referred to as a first acknowledgement indication, indicates delivery of a data packet at the user device, e.g. error-free delivery.
  • the first wireless trans- mission node may discard the data packet.
  • this information is not communicated to the other wireless transmission node(s) or is communicated to the other wireless transmission nodes at low priority.
  • the second wireless transmission node may receive an acknowledgement indication, hereinafter referred to as second acknowledgment indication, indicating delivery (e.g. error-free delivery) of a network coded data packet at the user device over the second wireless transmission path.
  • second acknowledgment indication indicating delivery (e.g. error-free delivery) of a network coded data packet at the user device over the second wireless transmission path.
  • the second wireless transmission node may decide to decrease the number of data packets from which the linear combination is formed by one. Also, the network coded data packet may now be discarded. In accordance with the disclosure, this information does not need to be communicated to the other wireless transmission node(s).
  • a set acknowledgement indication indicating delivery (e.g. error-free delivery) at the user device of the one or more data packets over the first wireless transmission path and the at least one network coded data packet over the second wireless transmission path is received at at least one of the first wireless transmission node and the second wireless transmission node.
  • Receipt of the set acknowledgement indication indicates that the user device is in the possession of all data packets belonging to a set of data packets used or defined initially for making the linear combinations to generate network coded data packets.
  • a control system may communicate to all transmission nodes to abort transmissions for the current set of data packets.
  • a new set of data packets is transmitted in the same manner as described previously.
  • the second acknowledgement indication is received at the second transmission node, wherein the second acknowledgment indication comprises information identifying data packets delivered over the first wireless transmission path. This information may be communicated to the control system, e.g. a network node or a second wireless transmission node, to discard data packets no longer needed in generating network coded data packets.
  • the control system e.g. a network node or a second wireless transmission node
  • aspects of the present invention may be embodied as a system, method or computer program product. Accordingly, aspects of the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, a software embodiment (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects that may all generally be referred to herein as a "circuit," “module” or “system”. Functions described in this disclosure may be implemented as an algorithm executed by a microprocessor of a computer. Furthermore, aspects of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer readable medium(s) having computer readable program code embodied, e.g., stored, thereon.
  • the computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium.
  • a computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
  • a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
  • a computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated signal may take any of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, opti- cal, or any suitable combination thereof.
  • a computer readable signal medium may be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
  • Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless (using electromagnetic and/or optical radiation), wired, optical fiber, cable, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
  • Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java(TM), Smalltalk, C++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages.
  • the program code may execute entirely on a user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer, or entirely on the remote computer or server.
  • the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider).
  • LAN local area network
  • WAN wide area network
  • Internet Service Provider for example, AT&T, MCI, Sprint, EarthLink, MSN, GTE, etc.
  • These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable medium that can direct a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable medium produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
  • the computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other devices to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide processes for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
  • each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s).
  • the functions noted in the blocks may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the functions noted in the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved.
  • FIGS. 1A and 1 B are schematic diagrams of multipoint transmission systems
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of three generations of telecommunications networks
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a combination of different access networks
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of transmission nodes according to a disclosed embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating some steps of an embodiment of a method as disclosed herein;
  • FIG. 6 is another flow chart illustrating some steps of a method of transmitting sets of data packets as disclosed herein;
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B are schematic diagrams of transmission nodes controlled by a control system according to disclosed embodiments.
  • FIG. 8 is a time diagram illustrating transmission of data packets according to a method disclosed herein;
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a general system (e.g. the multipoint transmission control system) or node (e.g. the transmission node) of a telecommunications network or a user device.
  • a general system e.g. the multipoint transmission control system
  • node e.g. the transmission node
  • a telecommunications network e.g. the telecommunications network
  • a user device e.g. the multipoint transmission control system
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS e.g. the multipoint transmission control system
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a telecommunications system 1.
  • the telecommunications system 1 comprises a cellular radio access network system (also indicated as E-UTRAN or (UT)RAN in FIG. 2) and a core network system containing various elements or nodes as described in further detail below.
  • a cellular radio access network system also indicated as E-UTRAN or (UT)RAN in FIG. 2
  • UTRAN cellular radio access network system
  • core network system containing various elements or nodes as described in further detail below.
  • FIG. 2 In the telecommunications system of FIG. 2, three generations of networks are schematically depicted together for purposes of brevity. A more detailed description of the architecture and overview can be found in 3GPP Technical Specification TS 23.002 'Network Architecture' which is included in the present application by reference in its entirety.
  • the lower branch of FIG. 2 represents a GSM/GPRS or UMTS network.
  • a radio access network (RAN) system comprises a plurality of nodes, including base stations (combination of a BSC and a BTS), not shown individually in FIG. 2.
  • the core network system comprises a Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN), a Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN, for GPRS) or Mobile Switching Centre (MSC, for GSM, not shown in FIG. 2) and a Home Location Register (HLR).
  • the HLR contains subscription information for user devices 2, e.g. mobile stations MS.
  • the radio access network system also comprises a Radio Network Controller (RNC) connected to a plurality of base stations (NodeBs), also not shown individually in FIG. 2.
  • RNC Radio Network Controller
  • NodeBs base stations
  • the GGSN and the SGSN/MSC are connected to the HLR that contains subscription information of the user devices 2, e.g. user equipment UE.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • EPS Evolved Packet System
  • the radio access network system indicated as E-UTRAN, comprises base stations
  • the core network system comprises a PDN Gateway (P- GW) and a Serving Gateway (S-GW).
  • P- GW PDN Gateway
  • S-GW Serving Gateway
  • the E-UTRAN of the EPS is connected to the S-GW via a packet network.
  • the S-GW is connected to a Home Subscriber Server HSS and a Mobility Management Entity MME for signalling purposes.
  • the HSS includes a subscription profile repository SPR for user devices 2.
  • the core network system is generally connected to a further packet network 3, e.g. the internet.
  • E-UTRAN Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a combination of different access networks, viz. an LTE telecommunications network and a wireless local area network (WLAN).
  • the elements of the LTE telecommunications network have been discussed with reference to FIG. 2, wherein the eNodeB is part of the E-UTRAN.
  • the WLAN is connected to the P-GW of the LTE telecommunications network via an evolved packet data gateway (ePDG) enabling interworking between the different networks.
  • ePDG evolved packet data gateway
  • Packets from packet data network 3 may be provided to the UE 2 in a multipoint transmission method from the eNodeB and the WLAN.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of transmission nodes TN according to a disclosed embodiment comprising wireless transmission nodes TN1 , TN2A and TN2B.
  • the wireless transmission nodes TN are part of a network 1 (which may be a combination of networks), wherein the transmission nodes TN serve to wirelessly transfer information from the network 1 to the user device UE2 in the form of data packets using a multipoint transmission method.
  • the network 1 comprises a means for obtaining at least one network coded data packet C1 , C2 corresponding to a linear combination of two or more data packets of the plurality of data packets P1 ...P5.
  • a network coding entity NC may be located anywhere in the network 1 (e.g. in one or more transmission nodes TN, in a controller of the transmission nodes, e.g. the RNC or the S-GW or higher in the network infrastructure) or may be an external entity NC as shown in FIG. 4.
  • a first transmission node TN1 is configured for transmitting one or more data packets P1 , P2, P5 of the plurality of data packets onto a first wireless transmission path I.
  • second transmission nodes TN2A, TN2B are configured for transmitting network coded data packets C1 , resp. C2, onto second wireless transmission path IIA, resp. MB.
  • the user device UE2 may resolve all data packets P1 ...P5 from the data packets P1 , P2 and P5 transmitted onto the first wireless transmission path I and the network coded data packets C1 , C2 transmitted onto the respective second wireless transmission paths IIA, MB.
  • the system provides a single wireless transmission path I over which uncoded data packets P are transmitted while network coded data packets C are transmitted over one or more further wireless transmission paths IIA, MB. Accordingly, since any data packet P may be resolved from the network coded data packet C, no information needs to be exchanged between the transmission nodes TN providing the transmission paths on which data packets P and network coded data packets C have been transmitted. Thus, coordination requirements between the wireless transmission nodes are reduced.
  • second transmission paths II there may be two or more second transmission paths II, preferably provided by multiple second transmission nodes TN2.
  • the size of a CoMP set comprises n transmission nodes, there may be 1 first transmission path and n-1 second transmission paths.
  • the transmission nodes TN may be geographically separate transmission nodes or collocated transmission nodes.
  • a control system CTRL is applied to select which transmission node TN will transmit the original (i.e. uncoded) data packets P and which transmission node or transmission nodes will transmit the network coded data packets C.
  • Such selection which of transmission nodes TN will transmit the uncoded data packets P and the network coded data packets C may be made from a previously determined set of transmission nodes, such as a CoMP set that will be described in more detail below.
  • the set of transmission nodes TN from which the selection is made may change over time and may be determined anew e.g. for different sets S of data packets.
  • control system CTRL may be located at various places in the network 1 or may be external to the network 1.
  • the control system CTRL may contain the network coding entity NC.
  • the control system CTRL may be distributed over several nodes in the network 1.
  • the control system CTRL is located in a network node separated from the wireless transmission nodes as shown in FIG. 4. Examples include the RNC, the SGSN, the S-GW etc.
  • the control system CTRL is located in one or more of the transmission nodes TN, such as in a NodeB or an eNodeB.
  • Selection of the transmission node TN transmitting uncoded data packets P in the control system CTRL may be based on operator-determined settings or may be decided (quasi-) dynamically, e.g. based on a quality measure for the wireless transmission path between one or more transmission nodes TN and the user device UE2.
  • quality measures are available for all transmission nodes TN of a given set of transmission nodes and compared in order to select the transmission node TN 1 transmitting uncoded data packets P and the transmission nodes TN2A, TN2B transmitting network coded data packets C.
  • the quality measure is available for one or more transmission nodes TN and compared to a given baseline measure.
  • the UE may return an acknowledgement indication ACK(P) resp. ACK(C) to the transmission node TN from which the data packet P, resp. the network coded data packet C has been received.
  • acknowledgement indication ACK(P) resp. ACK(C) to the transmission node TN from which the data packet P, resp. the network coded data packet C has been received.
  • two advanced acknowledgement indications have been considered by the applicants.
  • the user device UE2 may transmit a set acknowledgment indication ACK(S), shown in FIG. 4.
  • ACK(S) is transmitted as soon as the user device UE2 has resolved all data packets in the set S.
  • the set acknowl- edgement indication ACK(S) may be transmitted to one or more of the involved transmission nodes TN. Accordingly, transmission of data packets P and network coded data packets C for that set S may be aborted, e.g. upon instruction from the control system CTRL.
  • Another acknowledgment indication comprises an acknowledgment indication ACK(C;P) to a second transmission node TN2A, TN2B.
  • This acknowledgment indication ACK(C,P) is triggered by successful reception of a network coded data packet from but also includes information on a data packet
  • UE2 transmits acknowledgment indication ACK(C2;P1 ,P2) to transmission node TN2B indicating that, in addition to network coded data packet C2, also data packets P1 and P2 are available at the user device UE2. This information may be used to no longer include data packets P1 , P2 in generating network coded data packets C.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating some steps of a multipoint transmission method.
  • step S1 network coded data packets C are obtained from a plurality of data packets P to be transmitted to user device UE2, e.g. by generating network coded data packets C in the network 1 or by an external network coding entity NE.
  • a first transmission node transmits at least one data packet P onto the first wireless transmission path for the user device UE2.
  • a second transmission node transmits at least one of the obtained network coded data packets C onto a second wireless transmission path for the user device UE2. It is noted that the sequence of the steps S1-S3 may vary. As an example, the second transmission node may start transmitting network coded data packets C before the first transmission node starts transmitting uncoded data packets P. As another example, obtaining network coded data packets C may start after an uncoded data packet P has been transmitted by the first transmission node.
  • the first and second wireless transmission paths may be transmission paths applying the same wireless access technology, e.g. UMTS or LTE.
  • the first transmission path may be a transmission path for one radio access technology and the second transmission path may be a transmission path for another radio access technology (e.g. any combination of UMTS/HSPA, LTE or LTE-Advanced , WiMAX).
  • another radio access technology e.g. any combination of UMTS/HSPA, LTE or LTE-Advanced , WiMAX.
  • Yet another example comprises providing one wireless transmission path from a telecommunications network (e.g. an LTE transmission path) and another wireless transmission path provided from another transmission node separate from a telecommunications network (e.g. a WIFI home gateway), as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • a telecommunications network e.g. an LTE transmission path
  • another wireless transmission path provided from another transmission node separate from a telecommunications network (e.g. a WIFI home gateway), as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the original data packets P are transmitted to all eNodeB's and WLAN(s). Communications with the core network, e.g. with a controller CTRL con- tained therein, should be performed with both the eNodeB's and the WLAN(s).
  • Yet another embodiment comprises a multicarrier configuration, wherein the first transmission path comprises a first carrier and the second communication path comprises another carrier (e.g. two different carriers in a UMTS/HSPA, LTE or LTE-Advanced network).
  • the first transmission path comprises a first carrier
  • the second communication path comprises another carrier (e.g. two different carriers in a UMTS/HSPA, LTE or LTE-Advanced network).
  • FIG. 6 illustrates some steps of a more advanced multipoint transmission method.
  • a set of transmission nodes TN is determined that may be involved in the multipoint transmission method.
  • a set may e.g. be a CoMP set of base stations (e.g. eNodeBs) in an LTE network.
  • a CoMP set also referred to as CoMP cooperating set, may be determined as follows.
  • the radio resource management (RRM) measurement set's working principle is based on RRM measurements such as reference signal received power (RSRP) or reference signal received quality (RSRQ).
  • RSRP (or RSRQ) measurements convey the long-term downlink channel quality information from various sites. Then with the aid of these measurements, potential sites can be selected for the CoMP transmission to the UE.
  • the sites in the RRM measurement set are configured to the UE with the radio resource control (RRC).
  • RRC radio resource control
  • An RRM measurement set should contain a large number of sites in order to prevent frequent RRC reconfigurations (typical value in various releases is 32.).
  • the network After having received RSRP measurements from the RRM measurement set, the network determines potential candidate sites for CoMP transmission to the UE.
  • This site cluster is called the CoMP measurement set.
  • sites belonging to a CoMP measurement set have similar downlink gain to the UE.
  • the UE measures short-term channel quality information (CQI) for all sites and sends a feedback to the network.
  • CQI channel quality information
  • eNodeBs decide CoMP transmission parameters. If a CoMP measurement set contains a large number of sites, the UE has to deal with a great number of CQI parameters which increases the computation and feedback complexity.
  • the maximum size of the CoMP measurement set supported in Release 1 1 is 3.
  • a CoMP set is the set of sites directly or indirectly participating in the transmission to the UE.
  • the UE may or may not know about this set.
  • Directly participating sites transmit data and indirectly participating sets are involved in cooperative decision making for user scheduling and beam forming in the time and frequency domains.
  • the threshold for the set decisions and the maximum size of the set are two parameters for the UE-specific CoMP cooperating set.
  • a set S of data packets P to be transmitted to the user device UE2 is determined.
  • the set S includes two or more data packets, e.g. three, four, five or ten data packets.
  • the user device UE2 may have information about the size of the set S (i.e. the number of data packets P). This information may be obtained in various ways.
  • the size of the set S is fixed and pro- grammed in the user device UE2.
  • the size of the set S is set dynamically and communicated from the network to the user device UE2.
  • network coded data packets C may be generated from the data packets P in set S.
  • steps S13 and S14 data packets P are transmitted from the first transmission node and network coded data packets C are transmitted from one or more second transmission nodes from the set of transmission nodes (e.g. from the CoMP set).
  • the UE2 is fed with data packets P and network coded data packets C from the at least two transmission nodes.
  • the user device UE2 verifies in step S15 whether all data packets from the set S can be or are resolved. If not (N), transmission of data packets P and/or network coded data packets C continues from the first transmission node and the one or more second transmission nodes, respectively. As indicated in FIG. 6, network coded data packets may or may not yet have been generated.
  • step S15 When the user device UE2 verifies in step S15 that all data packets are available (e.g. have been resolved), this complete set information may be communicated to the network (e.g. by a set acknowledgement indication ACK(S) as discussed with reference to FIG. 4).
  • ACK(S) a set acknowledgement indication
  • a new set S of data packets P may be considered for transmission to the user device UE2 in step S1 1 .
  • a new set of transmission nodes may be determined in step S10 (both options are illustrated in FIG. 6).
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic illustration of another embodiment of a multipoint transmission system, wherein five data packets P1 ...P5 are to be transmission to user device UE2.
  • the basic operation of the system of FIG. 7A is as follows.
  • the original data packets P1- P5 are duplicated at the gateway GW and sent to all eNBs that are involved in the coordinated multipoint transmission.
  • One of these eNBs here eNB1 , transmits these packets P uncoded, i.e. it simply forwards the packets to the user device UE2.
  • the other eNB here eNB2, performs network coding to generate network coded data packets C.
  • the protocol operates over sets S of data packets P. Over time the user device UE2 receives original packets P1 , P2, P3 from one eNB1 and coded packets C1 , C2 from the other eNB2. Once the combination of coded and uncoded packets allows the UE to recover all original packets, the eNBs are informed of this and the protocol advances to the next set.
  • the original data packets, ⁇ P1 , P2, P3, P4, P5 ⁇ are transmitted from the data packet node (e.g. the S-GW) to all involved eNBs.
  • the eNBs and the UE2 agree on a set size of set S.
  • Packets ⁇ P1 ...P5 ⁇ are part of the set.
  • Other packets are not part of the set may be buffered at the gateway or at the eNBs.
  • One of the eNBs will transmit original data packets P, the other eNBs transmit coded packets C.
  • This selection is provided from a control system CTRL, not drawn in FIG. 7A.
  • eNB1 starts sending the original P1 , P2 and P3 packets to the user device UE2.
  • network coding is applied to the original data packets generating network coded data packets, C1 , C2, etc.
  • the network coded data packets C have the same packet size as the original data packets P, and are linear combinations of the original data packets, i.e.
  • dynamic cell selection CoMP is applied, according to the instantaneous channel conditions of the user device UE2 with the involved eNBs, it is decided dynamically (each TTI or multiple of TTIs) which eNB is transmitting to the user device UE2, and using which PRBs and MCSs. At certain TTI, no more than one eNB is transmitting to the user device UE2. It may be that due to the fast variation of channel conditions, the transmissions of P1 (from eNB1 ) and C1 (from eNB2) occur alternatingly, e.g. some bits of P1 are first transmitted followed by the transmission of some bits of C1 , and then the transmission of some other bits of P2, etc.
  • the user device UE2 When the user device UE2 has received a packet (either an original packet P or a net- work coded packet C), it sends feedback (e.g. an acknowledgement indication, ACK) to the eNB that it has received the packet from and wait for the next packet coming from any of the eNBs based on the channel conditions at that moment.
  • This new packet P, C may again be transmitted using the CoMP mode "dynamic cell selection" as described above.
  • the above procedure is repeated until the user device UE2 can recover all the original packets P1 ...P5 from the packets P, C received from the eNBs. At this point, it may be signaled to the eNBs that transmission of this set S of data packets has been is successful.
  • FIG. 7B shows another variant of the multipoint transmission system, wherein a first eNB obtains the data packets P1 ...P5 from the gateway GW and forwards network coded data packets C1 , C2 to another eNB, e.g. over the X2 interface.
  • a first eNB obtains the data packets P1 ...P5 from the gateway GW and forwards network coded data packets C1 , C2 to another eNB, e.g. over the X2 interface.
  • two or more original data packets P may be sent and network coding may be performed at eNB2.
  • FIG. 8 is a time-diagram showing a sequence of events for multipoint transmission. Again, it is assumed that transmission nodes TN1 and TN2 transmit original data packets P and network coded data packets C, respectively for a given set S of data packets P. At the start, both TN1 and TN2 are assumed to contain the data packets from the set S.
  • data packet P1 is transmitted from TN1 to the user device U.
  • an acknowledgment ACK(P1 ) is transmitted to TN1 .
  • data packet P2 is transmitted from TN1 to UE 2 and, again, correct receipt of P2 in the UE triggers acknowledgment ACK(P2) to be sent.
  • the transmission node TN1 may discard the data packet for which the acknowledgement was received (here P1 and P2).
  • the UE receives a network coded data packet C1 from transmission node TN2.
  • C1 is stored at the UE and correct receipt is acknowledged by the UE in ACK(C1 ).
  • ACK(C1 ) triggers transmission node TN2 to construct a next network coded data packet C2.
  • the acknowledgment may also contain information that P1 and P2 have been received, i.e. ACK(C1 ; P1 ,
  • the UE receives another data packet P3 from TN1 , stores it and reports correct receipt by acknowledgement ACK(P3).
  • TN1 may now discard P3.
  • the UE may use the packets in a decoding step to obtain data packets P1 , P2, P3, P4, P5 from the set S. If the decoding step was successful, the UE may send a set acknowledgement ACK(S) to the transmission nodes.
  • a new set
  • the procedure disclosed herein has many benefits. First of all, buffering at the gateway may be avoided. Packets are immediately duplicated and send to the transmission nodes TN. Secondly, there is no requirement of any transmit buffer coordination between the transmission nodes which causes extra overhead on the overall system. The coordination comes from the UE ACKs naturally/implicitly i.e. at no additional overhead/cost.
  • the disclosed method may have implications for the user device UE 2.
  • the UE needs to be aware that coded packets C are transmitted by some of the eNBs. Once coded packets C are present in the network, uncoded packets may be interpreted as a special case of coded packets, i.e. with a special choice of the coding coefficients.
  • the UE must also be able to retrieve the coding coefficients that are used in the coded packet C. This information may be contained in the header of the coded packet. An explicit indication may be given about the selected coefficients or a seed may be provided from which the coding coefficients can be reconstructed.
  • the UE is able to determine if a coded packet C that it receives provides new information.
  • new information is provided by a coded packet that increases the rank of the linear system of equations induced by the coding coefficients of all packets that the UE has. Only new information will be ACKed by the UE. It is well understood in the state of the art how to achieve this.
  • the UE needs to recover the original packets P from a collection of uncoded and coded packets. This recovery operation corresponds to solving a system of linear equations over a finite field. It is well understood in the state of the art how to achieve this, but it is not part of the LTE standard.
  • network coding is performed at one of the transmission nodes. This enables the gateway to drop a packet P from its queue immediately after transmitting it to the transmission nodes. Moreover, it allows flexibility to change the transmission node(s) sending the coded packets C after each transmission window, which is a desirable feature since the channel conditions might be different between sets.
  • a gateway performs the network coding.
  • One means of achieving this is to have the gateway keep some of these packets in its buffer. The gateway is then able to generate an unlimited number of new coded packets if required. Applying network coding at the gateway after buffering the original incoming packets and sending the coded packets C to the transmission node(s) whereas sending original packets P to one transmission node would follow the same procedure explained above.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary data processing system that may be used as a part of a user equipment 2 or of a network node, such as transmission node TN1 , TN2, etc, or any other element of a telecommunications network.
  • a network node such as transmission node TN1 , TN2, etc, or any other element of a telecommunications network.
  • Data processing system 90 may include at least one processor 91 coupled to memory elements 92 through a system bus 93. As such, the data processing system 90 may store program code within memory elements 92. Further, processor 91 may execute the program code accessed from memory elements 92 via system bus 93. In one aspect, data processing system 90 may be implemented as a computer that is suitable for storing and/or executing program code. It should be appreciated, however, that data processing system 90 may be implemented in the form of any system including a processor and memory that is capable of performing the functions described within this specification.
  • Memory elements 92 may include one or more physical memory devices such as, for example, local memory 94 and one or more bulk storage devices 95.
  • Local memory may refer to random access memory or other non-persistent memory device(s) generally used during actual execution of the program code.
  • a bulk storage device 95 may be implemented as a hard drive or other persistent data storage device.
  • the data processing system 90 may also include one or more cache memories (not shown) that provide temporary storage of at least some program code in order to reduce the number of times program code must be retrieved from bulk storage device 95 during execution.
  • I/O devices depicted as input device 96 and output device 97 optionally can be coupled to the data processing system 90.
  • input devices may include, but are not limited to, for example, a keyboard, a pointing device such as a mouse, a touchscreen, or the like.
  • output device may include, but are not limited to, for example, a monitor or display, speakers, or the like.
  • Input device 96 and/or output device 97 may be coupled to data processing system 90 either directly or through intervening I/O controllers.
  • a network adapter 98 may also be coupled to data processing system 90 to enable it to become coupled to other systems, computer systems, remote network devices, and/or remote storage devices through intervening private or public networks.
  • the network adapter 98 may comprise a data receiver for receiving data that is transmitted by said systems, devices and/or networks to said data processing system 90 and a data transmitter for transmitting data to said systems, devices and/or networks.
  • Modems, cable modems, and Ethernet cards are examples of different types of network adapters that may be used with data processing system 90.
  • memory elements 92 may store an application 99. It should be appreciated that data processing system 90 may further execute an operating system (not shown) that can facilitate execution of the application. Applications, being implemented in the form of executable program code, can be executed by data processing system 90, e.g., by processor 91. Responsive to executing the application 99, the data processing system 90 may be configured to perform one or more operation as disclosed in the present application in further detail.
  • data processing system 90 may represent an element is a telecommunications network (e.g. a controller CTRL) or a user device UE.
  • application 29 may represent a client application that, when executed, configures data processing system 90 to perform the various functions described herein with reference to an MTC or a user equipment.
  • a network node include a base station of a telecommunications network 1 providing cellular wireless access, e.g. a NodeB or an eNB.
  • the user equipment can include, but is not limited to, a personal computer, a portable computer, a mobile phone, or the like.
  • data processing system 80 may represent a transmission node TN as described herein, in which case application 89, when executed, may configure data processing system 80 to perform operations as described in the present disclosure.
  • Various embodiments of the invention may be implemented as a program product for use with a computer system or a processor, where the program(s) of the program product define functions of the embodiments (including the methods described herein).
  • the program(s) can be contained on a variety of non-transitory computer-readable storage media (generally referred to as "storage"), where, as used herein, the expression “non-transitory computer readable storage media” comprises all computer-readable media, with the sole exception being a transitory, propagating signal.
  • the program(s) can be contained on a variety of transitory computer-readable storage media.
  • Illustrative computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to: (i) non-writable storage media (e.g., read-only memory devices within a computer such as CD-ROM disks readable by a CD-ROM drive, ROM chips or any type of solid-state non-volatile semiconductor memory) on which information is permanently stored; and (ii) writable storage media (e.g., flash memory, floppy disks within a diskette drive or hard-disk drive or any type of solid-state random-access semiconductor memory) on which alterable information is stored.
  • non-writable storage media e.g., read-only memory devices within a computer such as CD-ROM disks readable by a CD-ROM drive, ROM chips or any type of solid-state non-volatile semiconductor memory
  • writable storage media e.g., flash memory, floppy disks within a diskette drive or hard-disk drive or any type of solid-state random-access semiconductor memory

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un système de transmission multipoint. Le système de transmission multipoint délivre une pluralité de paquets de données, à un dispositif d'utilisateur. Le système comprend : des moyens pour obtenir au moins un paquet de données à codage de réseau correspondant à une combinaison linéaire de deux paquets de données ou plus de la pluralité de paquets de données ; un premier transmetteur configuré pour transmettre un ou plusieurs paquets de données de la pluralité de paquets de données sur un premier trajet de transmission sans fil ; et au moins un second transmetteur configuré pour transmettre le ou les paquets de données à codage de réseau via au moins un second trajet de transmission sans fil. La transmission est telle qu'un ou plusieurs paquets de données transmis via le premier trajet de transmission sans fil, et le ou les paquets de données à codage de réseau transmis via le ou les seconds trajets de transmission sans fil, permettent conjointement la délivrance de la pluralité des paquets de données au dispositif utilisateur.
PCT/EP2015/072723 2014-10-03 2015-10-01 Procédé de transmission multipoint, et système de commande de transmission multipoint, utilisant un codage réseau WO2016050926A1 (fr)

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