WO2016045107A1 - 数据传输方法、系统和具有基站功能的设备 - Google Patents

数据传输方法、系统和具有基站功能的设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016045107A1
WO2016045107A1 PCT/CN2014/087609 CN2014087609W WO2016045107A1 WO 2016045107 A1 WO2016045107 A1 WO 2016045107A1 CN 2014087609 W CN2014087609 W CN 2014087609W WO 2016045107 A1 WO2016045107 A1 WO 2016045107A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
subframe
channel
lte system
downlink
frame structure
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PCT/CN2014/087609
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李明菊
朱亚军
张云飞
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宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司
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Priority to CN201480076333.0A priority Critical patent/CN106031267B/zh
Priority to EP14902740.1A priority patent/EP3139678B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2014/087609 priority patent/WO2016045107A1/zh
Publication of WO2016045107A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016045107A1/zh
Priority to US15/358,364 priority patent/US10536941B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H04L5/005—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver of common pilots, i.e. pilots destined for multiple users or terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/14—Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a data transmission method when an LTE system operates in an unlicensed frequency band in a time division duplex mode, and a data transmission when an LTE system operates in an unlicensed frequency band in a time division duplex mode.
  • System and a device with base station functionality are used.
  • 3GPP is discussing how to use unlicensed spectrum, such as the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands, with the help of licensed spectrum.
  • unlicensed spectrum are currently mainly used in systems such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, radar, and medical.
  • LAA LTE Assisted Access
  • TDD Time Division Duplexing
  • LTE systems operating in unlicensed bands have the ability to provide higher spectral efficiency and greater coverage, while relying on the same core network to allow data traffic between licensed and unlicensed bands. Sew switch. For the user, this means a better broadband experience, higher speed, better stability and mobility.
  • Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity
  • CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection
  • the basic principle of this method is Wi-Fi. Before the AP (Access Point) or the terminal sends signaling or data, it must first monitor whether other APs or other terminals are transmitting/receiving signaling or data. If so, continue to listen until it is monitored. If not, a random number is generated as the backoff time. If no signaling or data transmission is detected during this backoff time, the AP or the terminal may start transmitting signaling or data after the end of the backoff time. The process is shown in Figure 1.
  • the LTE network has good orthogonality to ensure the interference level, the uplink and downlink transmissions between the base station and the user do not need to consider whether other base stations or other users are transmitting data. If LTE is used on an unlicensed band, it does not consider whether other devices are using unlicensed bands nearby, which will cause great interference to Wi-Fi devices. Because LTE transmits as long as there is traffic, there is no listening rule, then the Wi-Fi device When LTE has service transmission, it cannot be transmitted. Only when the LTE service transmission is completed, the channel idle state can be detected for data transmission.
  • the present invention is based on at least one of the above technical problems, and proposes a data transmission scheme when a new LTE system operates in an unlicensed frequency band in a time division duplex mode, which can ensure that the LTE system operates normally in an unlicensed frequency band.
  • the LTE system is prevented from causing large interference to other systems when working in the unlicensed frequency band, and the peaceful coexistence of the LTE system and other systems in the unlicensed frequency band is realized.
  • the present invention provides a data transmission method for an LTE system that is applicable to a device having a base station function when operating in an unlicensed frequency band in a time division duplex mode, including: setting in a frame structure of the time division duplex mode a channel monitoring subframe for periodically detecting a downlink channel state; if the channel listening subframe detects that the downlink channel is in an idle state in any period, the frame structure is in any one of the cycles
  • the downlink subframe transmits downlink data, otherwise, downlink data is not sent in any of the periods.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in the frame structure of the time division duplex mode to detect the state of the downlink channel, so that when the channel monitoring subframe detects that the downlink channel is in an idle state, the downlink in the frame structure is adopted.
  • the subframe transmits the downlink data, and when the downlink channel is in the busy state, the downlink data is not sent, so that the LTE system can adopt the corresponding interference avoidance mechanism when working in the unlicensed frequency band in the time division duplex mode, and then work in the unlicensed frequency band.
  • a device having a base station function includes a base station, a micro cell base station implemented by a communication device (such as a smart phone, etc.), and the like.
  • the channel listening subframe is set in at least one subframe in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe may be set in one or more subframes in the frame structure of the time division duplex mode according to the actual situation of the LTE system, and the channel monitoring subframe may be set in the uplink subframe and the downlink.
  • the channel monitoring subframe may be set in the uplink subframe and the downlink.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in an uplink subframe adjacent to the downlink subframe in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in the uplink subframe adjacent to the downlink subframe in the frame structure of the time division duplex mode, so that the uplink subframe is completed after the uplink transmission is completed and the downlink subframe is downlinked.
  • the detection of the downlink channel can be implemented, thereby determining whether data transmission can be performed through the downlink subframe;
  • the downlink subframe can be completely used for downlink data transmission, and the downlink subframe can be fully utilized.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is disposed at a back end of the uplink subframe, and occupies a first predetermined number of symbols, wherein the first predetermined number is between 1 and 14.
  • the LTE system does not send downlink data and waits for the next channel detection, which makes it impossible to transmit downlink data.
  • the channel detection is earlier and the channel is detected to be idle, but because of the downlink The data transmission is late. If the channel is in a busy state during downlink data transmission, but the channel detection result is idle, the LTE system will continue to send downlink data without waiting for the next channel detection, which will cause interference to other systems. .
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in a downlink subframe adjacent to the uplink subframe in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in the downlink subframe adjacent to the uplink subframe in the frame structure of the time division duplex mode, so that the downlink channel measurement can be performed in time when the downlink transmission needs to be performed;
  • the uplink subframe since the channel monitoring subframe does not occupy the uplink subframe, the uplink subframe can be completely used for uplink data transmission, and the uplink subframe can be fully utilized.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is disposed at a front end of the downlink subframe, and occupies a second predetermined number of symbols, wherein the second predetermined number is between 1 and 14.
  • the channel listening subframe is set in a special subframe in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in the special subframe, so that the downlink subframe and the uplink subframe do not need to be occupied, thereby ensuring that the uplink transmission and the downlink transmission of the system are not affected; and at the same time, if the same carrier
  • Different base stations set channel monitoring sub-frames on special subframes on the same carrier frequency and are set at the same position of the frame structure. When different base stations measure channel status, they are referenced by other operators' base stations. It is not determined that the channel is busy because the base station signal of the same carrier is detected.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is disposed at a position adjacent to the uplink pilot time slot in the special subframe, and occupies a third predetermined number of symbols, wherein the third predetermined The number is between 1 and 9.
  • the guard time needs to be set, and the channel monitor subframe needs to monitor the uplink signal to detect the channel state, so
  • the channel monitoring subframe By setting the channel monitoring subframe to a position adjacent to the uplink pilot time slot, that is, between the uplink pilot time slot (UpPTS) and the guard time (GP) or after the uplink pilot time slot, it is possible to eliminate the need to set an extra
  • the guard time avoids setting the channel monitor subframe before the downlink pilot time slot (DwPTS) or between the downlink pilot time slot and the guard time and requires additional guard time.
  • the downlink guide The frequency slot occupies a minimum of three symbols, and one subframe contains 14 symbols, so the channel monitoring subframe set in the special subframe occupies a maximum of nine symbols, at least one.
  • the channel listening subframe detects that the downlink channel is in an idle state in each occupied symbol, determining that the downlink channel is in an idle state; otherwise, determining that the downlink channel is in an idle state.
  • the downlink channel is in a non-idle state.
  • the detection strength of the channel monitoring subframe is detected once for one symbol, it is possible to determine that the downlink channel is in the idle state when detecting that each downlink symbol is in an idle state when detecting each symbol occupied by the channel monitoring subframe. Idle state.
  • the method further includes: during the working of the LTE system, the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe is a fixed value; or
  • the LTE system detecting, in real time, a rate of change of channel conditions of other systems using the unlicensed band around the LTE system, and according to a rate of change of channel conditions of the other system detected in real time. / or the channel detection capability of the device having the base station function, dynamically setting the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe.
  • the rate of change of channel conditions of the other system is proportional to the number of symbols occupied by the channel listening subframe; the channel detecting capability of the device with the base station function is occupied by the channel listening subframe.
  • the number of symbols is inversely proportional.
  • the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe may be a fixed value or may be adjusted according to actual conditions during LTE operation.
  • the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring sub-frame is adjusted according to the actual situation, in order to accurately measure the state of the downlink channel, if the conversion rate of the channel conditions of other systems using the unlicensed band around the LTE system is faster, it needs to be multiple times.
  • the state of the downlink channel is measured, that is, the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe is set. If the channel detection capability of the LTE system is poor, the state of the downlink channel needs to be measured multiple times, that is, the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe is set.
  • the rate of change of channel conditions of other systems is proportional to the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe
  • the channel detection capability of the device having the function of the base station is inversely proportional to the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe.
  • the channel monitoring sub-frame period is set as follows:
  • the method further includes: setting a period of the channel monitoring subframe according to the number of downlink subframes included in each transition point period in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe may be set. If the number of downlink subframes is large in each transition point period, in order to determine whether to transmit downlink data according to the real-time state of the downlink channel, the period of the channel monitor subframe may be set to be small.
  • the period of the channel listening subframe in the configuration mode 0, the configuration mode 3, and the configuration mode 6 in the subframe configuration manner of the frame structure is: M ⁇ 10 ms, where M is a positive integer; the period of the channel monitoring subframe in the configuration mode 1, the configuration mode 2, the configuration mode 4, and the configuration mode 5 of the frame structure is: N ⁇ 5 ms, where N is 1 or Positive even number.
  • the two positions may be the same sub-frame position or different sub-frame positions.
  • the position of the subframe 1 can be (ie, the S subframe) and the position of the subframe 6 (ie, the D subframe) respectively set the channel monitoring subframe, that is, the two channel monitoring subframes in the same frame structure are at different subframe type positions; 1.
  • the channel monitoring subframe may be set at the position of the subframe 1 (ie, the S subframe) and the position of the subframe 6 (that is, the S subframe).
  • the two channel listening subframes in the structure are at the same subframe type location.
  • the method further includes: if the frame structure has multiple locations, the channel monitor subframe is set, and the period of the channel monitor subframe is M ⁇ 10 ms, The first of the locations sets the channel listening subframe.
  • the channel monitor subframe since the position of the subframe 1 (ie, the S subframe) and the position of the subframe 6 (that is, the S subframe) in the configuration mode 1 can be separately set.
  • the channel monitor subframe if the period of the channel monitor subframe is an integer multiple of 10 ms, the channel monitor subframe may be set only at the position of the subframe 1 .
  • the LTE system detecting, in real time, a rate of change of a load state of the LTE system and a load state of another system using the unlicensed band around the LTE system.
  • the rate of change is changed, and the period of the channel listening subframe is dynamically set according to a rate of change of the load state of the LTE system detected in real time and/or a rate of change of the load state of the other system.
  • the rate of change of the load state of the LTE system is inversely proportional to the period of the listening subframe; the rate of change of the load state of the other system is inversely proportional to the period of the listening subframe.
  • the period of the channel monitoring subframe can be more consistent by dynamically setting the period of the channel monitoring subframe according to the rate of change of the load state of the LTE system detected in real time and/or the rate of change of the load state of other systems.
  • the working state of the LTE system Specifically, if the rate of change of the load state of the LTE system is larger, the change of the transmission amount of the downlink data is larger; if the rate of change of the load state of other systems is larger, the state of the channel is changed greatly, so For downlink data, it is necessary to measure the state of the channel in a short interval, that is, the period in which the channel monitoring subframe needs to be set is smaller.
  • the period of the channel monitoring sub-frame may be set by one of the above two setting modes during the actual setting process, or may be set by combining the above two setting modes.
  • the method further includes: determining whether the downlink service needs to be processed, and if yes, periodically detecting the state of the downlink channel by using the channel monitoring subframe in the frame structure.
  • the base station when it detects the state of the downlink channel through the channel monitoring subframe, it may be performed when determining the downlink service, or may be performed regardless of whether the downlink service is always performed.
  • the method further includes: determining whether the other device having the function of the base station belongs to the same operator; if determining that the other device belongs to the same carrier, setting the channel on the same carrier frequency.
  • the location of the listening subframe in the frame structure of the device having the base station function is the same as the location of the channel monitoring subframe configured by the other device in the frame structure of the other device; if it is determined with the other device Attributable to different operators, the location of the channel monitoring subframe in the frame structure of the device having the base station function and the channel monitoring subframe configured by the other device are set on the same carrier frequency in the other carrier frequency
  • the location in the frame structure of the device is different.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is configured on the same carrier frequency in the frame.
  • the locations in the structure are the same, so that it is possible to prevent the base stations belonging to the same carrier from detecting signals from each other and determining that the channels are busy; and for the base stations of different operators, it is necessary to set the channel monitoring subframes in the frames.
  • the locations in the structure are different to detect whether the base stations of different operators occupy the channel.
  • the location of the channel listening subframe in the frame structure of the device with the base station function and the channel monitoring subframe configured by the other device are set on the same carrier frequency.
  • the step of determining the position of the frame structure of the other device is different: determining whether the frame configuration of the device having the base station function and the frame configuration of the other device are configured on the same carrier frequency The same, if yes, the subframe in the frame structure of the device with the base station function is set to have a relative offset from the subframe in the frame structure of the other device.
  • the channel monitoring subframe can be set.
  • the base station of different operators can set the frame structure at different positions of the frame structure.
  • a data transmission system which is applicable to an LTE system of a device having a base station function, when the unlicensed frequency band is operating in a time division duplex mode, and includes: a first setting unit, a channel monitoring frame for periodically detecting a downlink channel state is set in a frame structure of the time division duplex mode; the first processing unit is configured to: if the channel monitoring subframe detects that the downlink channel is in any cycle In the idle state, the downlink data is sent in the downlink subframe in the any one of the frame structures, and the downlink data is not sent in any one of the periods.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in the frame structure of the time division duplex mode to detect the state of the downlink channel, so that when the channel monitoring subframe detects that the downlink channel is in an idle state, the downlink in the frame structure is adopted.
  • the subframe transmits the downlink data, and when the downlink channel is in the busy state, the downlink data is not sent, so that the LTE system can adopt the corresponding interference avoidance mechanism when working in the unlicensed frequency band in the time division duplex mode, and then work in the unlicensed frequency band.
  • a device having a base station function includes a base station, a micro cell base station implemented by a communication device (such as a smart phone, etc.), and the like.
  • the first setting unit is specifically configured to set the channel listening subframe to be in at least one subframe in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe may be set in one or more subframes in the frame structure of the time division duplex mode according to the actual situation of the LTE system, and the channel monitoring subframe may be set in the uplink subframe and the downlink.
  • the channel monitoring subframe may be set in the uplink subframe and the downlink.
  • the first setting unit is specifically configured to: set the channel monitoring subframe in an uplink subframe adjacent to the downlink subframe in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in the uplink subframe adjacent to the downlink subframe in the frame structure of the time division duplex mode, so that the uplink subframe is completed after the uplink transmission is completed and the downlink subframe is downlinked.
  • the detection of the downlink channel can be implemented to determine whether the data can be transmitted through the downlink subframe.
  • the downlink subframe can be completely used for downlink data transmission. Fully utilize the downlink subframes.
  • the first setting unit is further configured to: set the channel monitoring subframe at a back end of the uplink subframe, and occupy a first predetermined number of symbols, where The first predetermined number is between 1 and 14.
  • the LTE system does not send downlink data and waits for the next channel detection, which makes it impossible to transmit downlink data.
  • the channel detection is earlier and the channel is detected to be idle, but because of the downlink The data transmission is late. If the channel is in a busy state during downlink data transmission, but the channel detection result is idle, the LTE system will continue to send downlink data without waiting for the next channel detection, which will cause interference to other systems. .
  • the first setting unit is specifically configured to: set the channel monitoring subframe in a downlink subframe adjacent to an uplink subframe in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in the downlink subframe adjacent to the uplink subframe in the frame structure of the time division duplex mode, so that the downlink channel measurement can be performed in time when the downlink transmission needs to be performed;
  • the uplink subframe since the channel monitoring subframe does not occupy the uplink subframe, the uplink subframe can be completely used for uplink data transmission, and the uplink subframe can be fully utilized.
  • the first setting unit is further configured to: set the channel monitoring subframe at a front end of the downlink subframe, and occupy a second predetermined number of symbols, where the The second predetermined number is between 1 and 14.
  • the first setting unit is specifically configured to set the channel monitoring subframe in a special subframe in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in the special subframe, so that the downlink subframe and the uplink subframe do not need to be occupied, thereby ensuring that the uplink transmission and the downlink transmission of the system are not affected; and at the same time, if the same carrier
  • Different base stations set channel monitoring sub-frames on special subframes on the same carrier frequency and are set at the same position of the frame structure. When different base stations measure channel status, they are referenced by other operators' base stations. It is not determined that the channel is busy because the base station signal of the same carrier is detected.
  • the first setting unit is further configured to: set a position where the channel monitoring subframe is adjacent to an uplink pilot time slot in the special subframe, and occupy a third predetermined A number of symbols, wherein the third predetermined number is between 1 and 9.
  • the guard time needs to be set, and the channel monitor subframe needs to monitor the uplink signal to detect the channel state, so
  • the channel monitoring subframe By setting the channel monitoring subframe to a position adjacent to the uplink pilot time slot, that is, between the uplink pilot time slot (UpPTS) and the guard time (GP) or after the uplink pilot time slot, it is possible to eliminate the need to set an extra
  • the guard time avoids setting the channel monitor subframe before the downlink pilot time slot (DwPTS) or between the downlink pilot time slot and the guard time and requires additional guard time.
  • the downlink pilot time slot occupies at least 3 symbols, and one subframe contains 14 symbols, so it is set in the special sub-frame.
  • the channel listening sub-frame in the frame occupies a maximum of nine symbols, at least one.
  • the first processing unit includes: a determining unit, configured to: when the channel listening subframe detects that the downlink channel is in an idle state in each occupied symbol, determining The downlink channel is in an idle state, otherwise, it is determined that the downlink channel is in a non-idle state.
  • the detection strength of the channel monitoring subframe is detected once for one symbol, it is possible to determine that the downlink channel is in the idle state when detecting that each downlink symbol is in an idle state when detecting each symbol occupied by the channel monitoring subframe. Idle state.
  • the method further includes:
  • a second setting unit configured to set a quantity of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe to a fixed value during operation of the LTE system
  • a first detecting unit configured to detect, in a real-time operation of the LTE system, a rate of change of channel conditions of other systems in the LTE system using the unlicensed band
  • a third setting unit configured to The rate of change of the channel condition of the other system detected by the first detecting unit and/or the channel detecting capability of the device with the base station function dynamically sets the number of symbols occupied by the channel listening subframe.
  • the rate of change of the channel condition of the other system is proportional to the number of symbols occupied by the channel listening subframe; the channel detecting capability of the device with the function of the base station and the symbol occupied by the channel listening subframe
  • the quantity is inversely proportional.
  • the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe may be a fixed value or may be adjusted according to actual conditions during LTE operation.
  • the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring sub-frame is adjusted according to the actual situation, in order to accurately measure the state of the downlink channel, if the conversion rate of the channel conditions of other systems using the unlicensed band around the LTE system is faster, it needs to be multiple times.
  • the state of the downlink channel is measured, that is, the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe is set. If the channel detection capability of the LTE system is poor, the state of the downlink channel needs to be measured multiple times, that is, the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe is set.
  • the rate of change of channel conditions of other systems is proportional to the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe
  • the channel detection capability of the device having the function of the base station is inversely proportional to the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe.
  • the channel monitoring sub-frame period is set as follows:
  • the method further includes: a fourth setting unit, configured to set a period of the channel monitoring subframe according to the number of downlink subframes included in each transition point period in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe may be set. If the number of downlink subframes is large in each transition point period, in order to determine whether to transmit downlink data according to the real-time state of the downlink channel, the period of the channel monitor subframe may be set to be small.
  • the fourth setting unit is specifically configured to: set the channel monitoring subframe in the configuration mode 0, the configuration mode 3, and the configuration mode 6 in the subframe configuration mode of the frame structure.
  • the period is: M ⁇ 10ms, where M is a positive integer, and the channel listening subframe in the configuration mode 1, the configuration mode 2, the configuration mode 4, and the configuration mode 5 in the subframe configuration mode of the frame structure is set.
  • the period is: N ⁇ 5ms, where N is 1 or a positive even number.
  • the two positions may be the same sub-frame position or different sub-frame positions.
  • the channel may be set in the position of the subframe 1 (ie, the S subframe) and the position of the subframe 6 (ie, the D subframe).
  • the monitoring sub-frames that is, the two channel monitoring sub-frames in the same frame structure are in different sub-frame type positions; and in the configuration mode 1, if the period of the channel monitoring sub-frame is 5 ms, the position of the sub-frame 1 can be That is, the positions of the S subframes and the subframes of the sixth subframe (ie, the S subframes) respectively set the channel listening subframes, that is, the two channel monitoring subframes in the same frame structure are at the same subframe type position.
  • the first setting unit is further configured to: the channel monitoring subframe is set by having multiple locations in the frame structure, and the period of the channel monitoring subframe is M At 10 ms, the first one of the plurality of locations is selected to set the channel listening subframe.
  • the channel monitor subframe since the position of the subframe 1 (ie, the S subframe) and the position of the subframe 6 (that is, the S subframe) in the configuration mode 1 can be separately set.
  • the channel monitor subframe if the period of the channel monitor subframe is an integer multiple of 10 ms, the channel monitor subframe may be set only at the position of the subframe 1 .
  • the method further includes: a second detecting unit, configured to detect, in real time, a change rate of a load state of the LTE system and use the LTE system in the working process of the LTE system a rate of change of a load state of another system of the unlicensed band; and a fifth setting unit, configured to change a rate of change of a load state of the LTE system and/or of the other system according to the second detecting unit in real time
  • the rate of change of the load state dynamically sets the period of the channel listening subframe.
  • the rate of change of the load state of the LTE system is inversely proportional to the period of the listening subframe; the rate of change of the load state of the other system is inversely proportional to the period of the listening subframe.
  • the period of the channel monitoring subframe can be more consistent by dynamically setting the period of the channel monitoring subframe according to the rate of change of the load state of the LTE system detected in real time and/or the rate of change of the load state of other systems.
  • the working state of the LTE system Specifically, if the rate of change of the load state of the LTE system is larger, the change of the transmission amount of the downlink data is larger; if the rate of change of the load state of other systems is larger, the state of the channel is changed greatly, so For downlink data, it is necessary to measure the state of the channel in a short interval, that is, the period in which the channel monitoring subframe needs to be set is smaller.
  • the period of the channel monitoring sub-frame may be set by one of the above two setting modes during the actual setting process, or may be set by combining the above two setting modes.
  • the method further includes: a first determining unit, configured to determine whether the downlink service needs to be processed; where the first processing unit is configured to determine, in the first determining unit, that the downlink service needs to be processed
  • the state of the downlink channel is periodically detected by the channel listening subframe in the frame structure.
  • the base station when it detects the state of the downlink channel through the channel monitoring subframe, it may be performed when determining the downlink service, or may be performed regardless of whether the downlink service is always performed.
  • the method further includes: a second determining unit, configured to determine whether the device having the function of the base station and the other device having the function of the base station belong to the same operator; and the second processing unit is configured to When the second determining unit determines that the device with the function of the base station and the other device belong to the same carrier, setting the channel monitoring subframe in the frame structure of the device with the function of the base station on the same carrier frequency Positioning the channel listening subframe configured with the other device in the same frame structure of the other device, and determining, at the second determining unit, that the device having the base station function and the other device belong to The location of the channel listening subframe in the frame structure of the device having the base station function and the channel monitoring subframe configured by the other device on the other device are set on the same carrier frequency. The locations in the frame structure are not the same.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is configured on the same carrier frequency in the frame.
  • the locations in the structure are the same, so that it is possible to prevent the base stations belonging to the same carrier from detecting signals and determining that the channels are busy.
  • the second processing unit includes: a third determining unit, configured to: when the second determining unit determines that the device with the base station function and the other device belong to different operators Determining, on the same carrier frequency, whether the configuration of the frame structure of the device having the function of the base station is the same as the configuration of the frame structure of the other device; and the sixth setting unit is configured to perform the third determination
  • the unit determines that, in the same carrier frequency, when the frame structure of the device having the base station function is configured in the same manner as the frame structure of the other device, setting the frame structure of the device having the base station function
  • the subframe has a relative offset from the subframe in the frame structure of the other device.
  • the channel monitoring subframe can be set.
  • the base station of different operators can set the frame structure at different positions of the frame structure.
  • a device with a base station function comprising: the data transmission system when the LTE system described in any one of the above technical solutions operates in a time division duplex mode in an unlicensed frequency band.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an interference avoidance rule of a Wi-Fi system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart showing a data transmission method when an LTE system suitable for a device having a base station function operates in an unlicensed frequency band in a time division duplex mode according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a data transmission system when an LTE system suitable for a device having a base station function operates in an unlicensed frequency band in a time division duplex mode according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a TDD frame structure of a 5ms downlink to uplink conversion
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a channel monitoring subframe set in an uplink subframe according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of setting a channel listening subframe in a downlink subframe according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic structural diagram of a channel listening subframe set in a special subframe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a channel monitor subframe set in a special subframe according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart showing a data transmission method when an LTE system suitable for a device having a base station function operates in an unlicensed frequency band in a time division duplex mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a data transmission method when an LTE system applicable to a device having a base station function operates in a time division duplex mode in an unlicensed frequency band includes: Step 202, in the time division duplex a channel monitoring subframe for periodically detecting a downlink channel state is set in a frame structure of the mode; and in step 204, if the channel listening subframe detects that the downlink channel is in an idle state, the frame is passed through the frame.
  • the downlink subframes in any one of the periods in the structure transmit downlink data, otherwise, downlink data is not sent in any one of the periods.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in the frame structure of the time division duplex mode to detect the state of the downlink channel, so that when the channel monitoring subframe detects that the downlink channel is in an idle state, the downlink in the frame structure is adopted.
  • the subframe transmits the downlink data, and when the downlink channel is in the busy state, the downlink data is not sent, so that the LTE system can adopt the corresponding interference avoidance mechanism when working in the unlicensed frequency band in the time division duplex mode, and then work in the unlicensed frequency band.
  • a device having a base station function includes a base station, a micro cell base station implemented by a communication device (such as a smart phone, etc.), and the like.
  • the channel listening subframe is set in at least one subframe in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe may be set in one or more subframes in the frame structure of the time division duplex mode according to the actual situation of the LTE system, and the channel monitoring subframe may be set in the uplink subframe and the downlink.
  • the channel monitoring subframe may be set in the uplink subframe and the downlink.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in an uplink subframe adjacent to the downlink subframe in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in the uplink subframe adjacent to the downlink subframe in the frame structure of the time division duplex mode, so that the uplink subframe is completed after the uplink transmission is completed and the downlink subframe is downlinked.
  • the detection of the downlink channel can be implemented to determine whether the data can be transmitted through the downlink subframe.
  • the downlink subframe can be completely used for downlink data transmission. Fully utilize the downlink subframes.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is disposed at a back end of the uplink subframe, and occupies a first predetermined number of symbols, wherein the first predetermined number is between 1 and 14.
  • the timeliness of the channel detection is to ensure that the channel state detected before the downlink data is transmitted is the latest state, avoiding the channel detection earlier and transmitting the downlink data later, and the channel state has changed when the downlink data needs to be transmitted, thereby affecting the downlink data. Transmission.
  • the LTE system does not send downlink data and waits for the next channel detection, which makes it impossible to transmit downlink data.
  • the channel detection is earlier and the channel is detected to be idle, but because of the downlink The data transmission is late. If the channel is in a busy state during downlink data transmission, but the channel detection result is idle, the LTE system will continue to send downlink data without waiting for the next channel detection, which will cause interference to other systems. .
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in a downlink subframe adjacent to the uplink subframe in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in the downlink subframe adjacent to the uplink subframe in the frame structure of the time division duplex mode, so that the downlink channel measurement can be performed in time when the downlink transmission needs to be performed;
  • the uplink subframe since the channel monitoring subframe does not occupy the uplink subframe, the uplink subframe can be completely used for uplink data transmission, and the uplink subframe can be fully utilized.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is disposed at a front end of the downlink subframe, and occupies a second predetermined number of symbols, wherein the second predetermined number is between 1 and 14.
  • the channel listening subframe is set in a special subframe in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in the special subframe, so that the downlink subframe and the uplink subframe do not need to be occupied, thereby ensuring that the uplink transmission and the downlink transmission of the system are not affected; and at the same time, if the same carrier
  • Different base stations set channel monitoring sub-frames on special subframes on the same carrier frequency and are set at the same position of the frame structure. When different base stations measure channel status, they are referenced by other operators' base stations. It is not determined that the channel is busy because the base station signal of the same carrier is detected.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is disposed at a position adjacent to the uplink pilot time slot in the special subframe, and occupies a third predetermined number of symbols, wherein the third predetermined The number is between 1 and 9.
  • the guard time needs to be set, and the channel monitor subframe needs to monitor the uplink signal to detect the channel state, so
  • the channel monitoring subframe By setting the channel monitoring subframe to a position adjacent to the uplink pilot time slot, that is, between the uplink pilot time slot (UpPTS) and the guard time (GP) or after the uplink pilot time slot, it is possible to eliminate the need to set an extra
  • the guard time avoids setting the channel monitor subframe before the downlink pilot time slot (DwPTS) or between the downlink pilot time slot and the guard time and requires additional guard time.
  • the downlink pilot time slot occupies at least 3 symbols, and one subframe contains 14 symbols, so it is set in the special sub-frame.
  • the channel listening sub-frame in the frame occupies a maximum of nine symbols, at least one.
  • the channel listening subframe detects that the downlink channel is in an idle state in each occupied symbol, determining that the downlink channel is in an idle state; otherwise, determining that the downlink channel is in an idle state.
  • the downlink channel is in a non-idle state.
  • the detection strength of the channel monitoring subframe is detected once for one symbol, it is possible to determine that the downlink channel is in the idle state when detecting that each downlink symbol is in an idle state when detecting each symbol occupied by the channel monitoring subframe. Idle state.
  • the method further includes: during the working of the LTE system, the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe is a fixed value; or
  • the LTE system detecting, in real time, a rate of change of channel conditions of other systems using the unlicensed band around the LTE system, and according to a rate of change of channel conditions of the other system detected in real time. / or the channel detection capability of the device having the base station function, dynamically setting the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe.
  • the rate of change of channel conditions of the other system is proportional to the number of symbols occupied by the channel listening subframe; the channel detecting capability of the device with the base station function is occupied by the channel listening subframe.
  • the number of symbols is inversely proportional.
  • the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe may be a fixed value or may be adjusted according to actual conditions during LTE operation.
  • the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring sub-frame is adjusted according to the actual situation, in order to accurately measure the state of the downlink channel, if the conversion rate of the channel conditions of other systems using the unlicensed band around the LTE system is faster, it needs to be multiple times.
  • the state of the downlink channel is measured, that is, the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe is set. If the channel detection capability of the LTE system is poor, the state of the downlink channel needs to be measured multiple times, that is, the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe is set.
  • the rate of change of channel conditions of other systems is proportional to the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe
  • the channel detection capability of the device having the function of the base station is inversely proportional to the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe.
  • the channel monitoring sub-frame period is set as follows:
  • the method further includes: setting a period of the channel monitoring subframe according to the number of downlink subframes included in each transition point period in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe may be set. If the number of downlink subframes is large in each transition point period, in order to determine whether to transmit downlink data according to the real-time state of the downlink channel, the period of the channel monitor subframe may be set to be small.
  • the period of the channel listening subframe in the configuration mode 0, the configuration mode 3, and the configuration mode 6 in the subframe configuration manner of the frame structure is: M ⁇ 10 ms, where M is a positive integer; the period of the channel monitoring subframe in the configuration mode 1, the configuration mode 2, the configuration mode 4, and the configuration mode 5 of the frame structure is: N ⁇ 5 ms, where N is 1 or Positive even number.
  • the two positions may be the same sub-frame position or different sub-frame positions.
  • the channel may be set in the position of the subframe 1 (ie, the S subframe) and the position of the subframe 6 (ie, the D subframe).
  • the monitoring sub-frames that is, the two channel monitoring sub-frames in the same frame structure are in different sub-frame type positions; and in the configuration mode 1, if the period of the channel monitoring sub-frame is 5 ms, the position of the sub-frame 1 can be That is, the positions of the S subframes and the subframes of the sixth subframe (ie, the S subframes) respectively set the channel listening subframes, that is, the two channel monitoring subframes in the same frame structure are at the same subframe type position.
  • the method further includes: if the frame structure has multiple locations, the The channel monitors the subframe, and the period of the channel monitor subframe is M ⁇ 10 ms, and the first one of the multiple locations is selected to set the channel monitor subframe.
  • the channel monitor subframe since the position of the subframe 1 (ie, the S subframe) and the position of the subframe 6 (that is, the S subframe) in the configuration mode 1 can be separately set.
  • the channel monitor subframe if the period of the channel monitor subframe is an integer multiple of 10 ms, the channel monitor subframe may be set only at the position of the subframe 1 .
  • the LTE system detecting, in real time, a rate of change of a load state of the LTE system and a load state of another system using the unlicensed band around the LTE system.
  • the rate of change is changed, and the period of the channel listening subframe is dynamically set according to a rate of change of the load state of the LTE system detected in real time and/or a rate of change of the load state of the other system.
  • the rate of change of the load state of the LTE system is inversely proportional to the period of the listening subframe; the rate of change of the load state of the other system is inversely proportional to the period of the listening subframe.
  • the period of the channel monitoring subframe can be more consistent by dynamically setting the period of the channel monitoring subframe according to the rate of change of the load state of the LTE system detected in real time and/or the rate of change of the load state of other systems.
  • the working state of the LTE system Specifically, if the rate of change of the load state of the LTE system is larger, the change of the transmission amount of the downlink data is larger; if the rate of change of the load state of other systems is larger, the state of the channel is changed greatly, so For downlink data, it is necessary to measure the state of the channel in a short interval, that is, the period in which the channel monitoring subframe needs to be set is smaller.
  • the period of the channel monitoring sub-frame may be set by one of the above two setting modes during the actual setting process, or may be set by combining the above two setting modes.
  • the method further includes: determining whether the downlink service needs to be processed, and if yes, periodically detecting the state of the downlink channel by using the channel monitoring subframe in the frame structure.
  • the base station when it detects the state of the downlink channel through the channel monitoring subframe, it may be performed when determining the downlink service, or may be performed regardless of whether the downlink service is always performed.
  • the method further includes: determining whether the other device having the function of the base station belongs to the same operator; if determining that the other device belongs to the same carrier, setting the channel on the same carrier frequency.
  • the location of the listening subframe in the frame structure of the device having the base station function is the same as the location of the channel monitoring subframe configured by the other device in the frame structure of the other device; if it is determined with the other device Attributable to different operators, the location of the channel monitoring subframe in the frame structure of the device having the base station function and the channel monitoring subframe configured by the other device are set on the same carrier frequency in the other carrier frequency
  • the location in the frame structure of the device is different.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is configured on the same carrier frequency in the frame.
  • the locations in the structure are the same, so that it is possible to prevent the base stations belonging to the same carrier from detecting signals and determining that the channels are busy.
  • the location of the channel listening subframe in the frame structure of the device with the base station function and the channel monitoring subframe configured by the other device are set on the same carrier frequency.
  • the step of determining the position of the frame structure of the other device is different: determining whether the frame configuration of the device having the base station function and the frame configuration of the other device are configured on the same carrier frequency Same as if That is, the subframe in the frame structure of the device having the base station function is set to have a relative offset from the subframe in the frame structure of the other device.
  • the channel monitoring subframe can be set.
  • the base station of different operators can set the frame structure at different positions of the frame structure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a data transmission system when an LTE system suitable for a device having a base station function operates in an unlicensed frequency band in a time division duplex mode, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the data transmission system 300 when the LTE system is applied to the unlicensed band in the time division duplex mode, according to the embodiment of the present invention, includes: a first setting unit 302, configured to: Providing, in a frame structure of the time division duplex mode, a channel monitoring subframe for periodically detecting a downlink channel state; the first processing unit 304, configured to: if the channel monitoring subframe detects the channel in any period If the downlink channel is in an idle state, the downlink data is sent in the downlink subframe in the any one of the frame structures, and the downlink data is not sent in any one of the periods.
  • a first setting unit 302 configured to: Providing, in a frame structure of the time division duplex mode, a channel monitoring subframe for periodically detecting a downlink channel state
  • the first processing unit 304 configured to: if the channel monitoring subframe detects the channel in any period If the downlink channel is in an idle state, the downlink data is sent in the downlink subframe in the any one of the frame structures, and the
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in the frame structure of the time division duplex mode to detect the state of the downlink channel, so that when the channel monitoring subframe detects that the downlink channel is in an idle state, the downlink in the frame structure is adopted.
  • the subframe transmits the downlink data, and when the downlink channel is in the busy state, the downlink data is not sent, so that the LTE system can adopt the corresponding interference avoidance mechanism when working in the unlicensed frequency band in the time division duplex mode, and then work in the unlicensed frequency band.
  • a device having a base station function includes a base station, a micro cell base station implemented by a communication device (such as a smart phone, etc.), and the like.
  • the first setting unit 302 is specifically configured to set the channel listening subframe to be in at least one subframe in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe may be set in one or more subframes in the frame structure of the time division duplex mode according to the actual situation of the LTE system, and the channel monitoring subframe may be set in the uplink subframe and the downlink.
  • the channel monitoring subframe may be set in the uplink subframe and the downlink.
  • the first setting unit 302 is specifically configured to set the channel monitoring subframe in an uplink subframe adjacent to the downlink subframe in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in the uplink subframe adjacent to the downlink subframe in the frame structure of the time division duplex mode, so that the uplink subframe is completed after the uplink transmission is completed and the downlink subframe is downlinked.
  • the detection of the downlink channel can be implemented to determine whether the data can be transmitted through the downlink subframe.
  • the downlink subframe can be completely used for downlink data transmission. Fully utilize the downlink subframes.
  • the first setting unit 302 is further configured to: set the channel monitoring subframe at a back end of the uplink subframe, and occupy a first predetermined number of symbols, where The first predetermined number is between 1 and 14.
  • the LTE system does not send downlink data and waits for the next channel detection, which makes it impossible to transmit downlink data.
  • the channel detection is earlier and the channel is detected to be idle, but because of the downlink The data transmission is late. If the channel is in a busy state during downlink data transmission, but the channel detection result is idle, the LTE system will continue to send downlink data without waiting for the next channel detection, which will cause interference to other systems. .
  • the first setting unit 302 is specifically configured to set the channel monitoring subframe in a downlink subframe adjacent to the uplink subframe in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in the downlink subframe adjacent to the uplink subframe in the frame structure of the time division duplex mode, so that the downlink channel measurement can be performed in time when the downlink transmission needs to be performed;
  • the uplink subframe since the channel monitoring subframe does not occupy the uplink subframe, the uplink subframe can be completely used for uplink data transmission, and the uplink subframe can be fully utilized.
  • the first setting unit 302 is further configured to: set the channel listening subframe at a front end of the downlink subframe, and occupy a second predetermined number of symbols, where the The second predetermined number is between 1 and 14.
  • the first setting unit 302 is specifically configured to set the channel monitoring subframe in a special subframe in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe is set in the special subframe, so that the downlink subframe and the uplink subframe do not need to be occupied, thereby ensuring that the uplink transmission and the downlink transmission of the system are not affected; and at the same time, if the same carrier
  • Different base stations set channel monitoring sub-frames on special subframes on the same carrier frequency and are set at the same position of the frame structure. When different base stations measure channel status, they are referenced by other operators' base stations. It is not determined that the channel is busy because the base station signal of the same carrier is detected.
  • the first setting unit 302 is further configured to: set a position where the channel monitoring subframe is adjacent to an uplink pilot time slot in the special subframe, and occupy a third position.
  • the guard time needs to be set, and the channel monitor subframe needs to monitor the uplink signal to detect the channel state, so
  • the channel monitoring subframe By setting the channel monitoring subframe to a position adjacent to the uplink pilot time slot, that is, between the uplink pilot time slot (UpPTS) and the guard time (GP) or after the uplink pilot time slot, it is possible to eliminate the need to set an extra
  • the guard time avoids setting the channel monitor subframe before the downlink pilot time slot (DwPTS) or between the downlink pilot time slot and the guard time and requires additional guard time.
  • the downlink pilot time slot occupies at least 3 symbols, and one subframe contains 14 symbols, so it is set in the special sub-frame.
  • the channel listening sub-frame in the frame occupies a maximum of nine symbols, at least one.
  • the first processing unit 304 includes: a determining unit 3042, configured to: when the channel listening subframe detects that the downlink channel is in an idle state in each occupied symbol Determining that the downlink channel is in an idle state; otherwise, determining that the downlink channel is in a non-idle state.
  • the detection strength of the channel monitoring subframe is detected once for one symbol, it is possible to determine that the downlink channel is in the idle state when detecting that each downlink symbol is in an idle state when detecting each symbol occupied by the channel monitoring subframe. Idle state.
  • the method further includes:
  • a second setting unit 306 configured to set a quantity of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe to a fixed value during operation of the LTE system;
  • a first detecting unit 308 configured to detect, in a real-time operation of the LTE system, a rate of change of channel conditions of other systems in the LTE system that use the unlicensed band, and a third setting unit 310, Dynamically setting the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe according to a rate of change of channel conditions of the other system detected by the first detecting unit 308 and/or a channel detecting capability of the device having the function of the base station .
  • the rate of change of the channel condition of the other system is proportional to the number of symbols occupied by the channel listening subframe; the channel detecting capability of the device with the function of the base station and the symbol occupied by the channel listening subframe
  • the quantity is inversely proportional.
  • the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe may be a fixed value or may be adjusted according to actual conditions during LTE operation.
  • the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring sub-frame is adjusted according to the actual situation, in order to accurately measure the state of the downlink channel, if the conversion rate of the channel conditions of other systems using the unlicensed band around the LTE system is faster, it needs to be multiple times.
  • the state of the downlink channel is measured, that is, the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe is set. If the channel detection capability of the LTE system is poor, the state of the downlink channel needs to be measured multiple times, that is, the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe is set.
  • the rate of change of channel conditions of other systems is proportional to the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe
  • the channel detection capability of the device having the function of the base station is inversely proportional to the number of symbols occupied by the channel monitoring subframe.
  • the channel monitoring sub-frame period is set as follows:
  • the method further includes: a fourth setting unit 312, configured to set a period of the channel monitoring subframe according to the number of downlink subframes included in each transition point period in the frame structure.
  • the channel monitoring subframe may be set. If the number of downlink subframes is large in each transition point period, in order to determine whether to transmit downlink data according to the real-time state of the downlink channel, the period of the channel monitor subframe may be set to be small.
  • the fourth setting unit 312 is specifically configured to: set the channel listener in configuration mode 0, configuration mode 3, and configuration mode 6 in the subframe configuration mode of the frame structure.
  • the period of the frame is: M ⁇ 10 ms, where M is a positive integer, and the channel listener in the configuration mode 1, the configuration mode 2, the configuration mode 4, and the configuration mode 5 in the subframe configuration mode of the frame structure is set.
  • the period of the frame is: N x 5 ms, where N is 1 or a positive even number.
  • the two positions may be the same sub-frame position or different sub-frame positions.
  • the channel monitoring may be set at the position of the subframe 1 (ie, the S subframe) and the position of the subframe 6 (ie, the D subframe).
  • the subframe that is, the two channel listening subframes in the same frame structure are at different subframe type positions; and for the configuration mode 1, if the channel listening subframe has a period of 5 ms, the subframe 1 position can be
  • the S subframes and the positions of the subframes 6 ie, the S subframes respectively set the channel listening subframes, that is, the two channel listening subframes in the same frame structure are at the same subframe type position.
  • the first setting unit 302 is further configured to: set the channel monitoring subframe by using multiple locations in the frame structure, and the period of the channel monitoring subframe is At M x 10 ms, the first one of the plurality of locations is selected to set the channel listening subframe.
  • the channel monitor subframe since the position of the subframe 1 (ie, the S subframe) and the position of the subframe 6 (that is, the S subframe) in the configuration mode 1 can be separately set.
  • the channel monitor subframe if the period of the channel monitor subframe is an integer multiple of 10 ms, the channel monitor subframe may be set only at the position of the subframe 1 .
  • the method further includes: a second detecting unit 314, configured to detect, in real time, the rate of change of the load state of the LTE system and the usage of the LTE system in the working process of the LTE system a rate of change of the load state of the other system of the unlicensed band; and a fifth setting unit 316, configured to detect a rate of change of the load state of the LTE system and/or the real-time detected by the second detecting unit 314
  • the rate of change of the load status of other systems dynamically sets the period of the channel listening subframe.
  • the rate of change of the load state of the LTE system is inversely proportional to the period of the listening subframe; the rate of change of the load state of the other system is inversely proportional to the period of the listening subframe.
  • the period of the channel monitoring subframe can be more consistent by dynamically setting the period of the channel monitoring subframe according to the rate of change of the load state of the LTE system detected in real time and/or the rate of change of the load state of other systems.
  • the working state of the LTE system Specifically, if the rate of change of the load state of the LTE system is larger, the change of the transmission amount of the downlink data is larger; if the rate of change of the load state of other systems is larger, the state of the channel is changed greatly, so For downlink data, it is necessary to measure the state of the channel in a short interval, that is, the period in which the channel monitoring subframe needs to be set is smaller.
  • the period of the channel monitoring sub-frame may be set by one of the above two setting modes during the actual setting process, or may be set by combining the above two setting modes.
  • the method further includes: a first determining unit 318, configured to determine whether a downlink service needs to be processed; the first processing unit 304 is specifically configured to determine, at the first determining unit 318, that the processing is required In the downlink service, the state of the downlink channel is periodically detected by the channel listening subframe in the frame structure.
  • the base station when it detects the state of the downlink channel through the channel monitoring subframe, it may be performed when determining the downlink service, or may be performed regardless of whether the downlink service is always performed.
  • the method further includes: a second determining unit 320, configured to determine whether the device having the function of the base station and other devices having the function of the base station belong to the same operator; and the second processing unit 322, When the second determining unit 320 determines that the device with the base station function and the other device belong to the same carrier, set the frame of the channel monitoring subframe to the device with the base station function on the same carrier frequency.
  • a location in the structure is the same as a location of the channel listening subframe configured by the other device in a frame structure of the other device, and determining, by the second determining unit 320, the device having the base station function and the When the other devices belong to different carriers, the location of the channel monitoring subframe in the frame structure of the device with the base station function and the channel monitoring subframe configured by the other device are set on the same carrier frequency. The locations in the frame structure of other devices are different.
  • channel detection is to detect base stations of other operators (may also be For a device having a base station function, for convenience of description, a base station is taken as an example, but those skilled in the art should understand that the base station described in this application may also be another device having a base station function, whether LAA is used, and Wi.
  • the base station described in this application may also be another device having a base station function, whether LAA is used, and Wi.
  • Whether the -Fi is occupied by the channel so that the base station of the same carrier is configured to have the same position in the frame structure by configuring the channel monitoring subframes on the same carrier frequency, so that signals detected by the base stations belonging to the same carrier can be avoided. It is determined that the channel is busy.
  • the location of the channel monitoring subframes in the frame structure needs to be set differently to detect whether the base stations of different operators occupy the channel.
  • the second processing unit 322 includes: a third determining unit 3222, configured to determine, at the second determining unit 320, that the device having the function of the base station is different from the other device
  • the sixth setting unit 3224 is configured to The third determining unit 3222 determines that, when the frame structure of the device having the base station function is configured in the same manner as the frame configuration of the other device on the same carrier frequency, the device having the base station function is set.
  • a subframe in a frame structure has a relative offset from a subframe in a frame structure of the other device.
  • the channel monitoring subframe can be set.
  • the base station of different operators can set the frame structure at different positions of the frame structure.
  • the present invention also proposes a device (not shown) having a base station function, including: the data transmission system 300 when the LTE system shown in FIG. 3 operates in an unlicensed frequency band in a time division duplex mode.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is mainly an interference avoidance mechanism when an unlicensed frequency band is used by an LTE system in a TDD manner.
  • the main principle is to design an LBT mechanism and frame structure for downlink channel measurement. It mainly introduces the LBT body, the time of the LBT and the period of the LBT, and the maximum length of time or packet size that can be transmitted if the channel is idle.
  • the TDD frame structure is a 5ms downlink to uplink transform.
  • one frame For a 5ms downlink to uplink converted TDD frame structure, one frame includes 8 normal subframes and 2 special subframes.
  • 8 normal subframes For the configuration of 8 normal subframes, that is, for uplink transmission or downlink transmission, refer to Table 1.
  • one frame For the TDD structure of the 10ms downlink to uplink conversion period, one frame includes 9 normal subframes and one special subframe, and the 9 normal subframes are used for uplink transmission or downlink transmission, as shown in Table 1. Among them, each normal subframe contains 14 symbols.
  • the channel for detecting whether the downlink channel is occupied is operated by the base station (which may also be a device having the function of the base station.
  • the base station is taken as an example, but those skilled in the art. It should be understood that the base station described in this application may also be implemented by other devices having the function of a base station.
  • LBT subframes channel monitor subframes
  • the preferred setting method is as follows:
  • the LBT subframe is placed in a U (Uplink) subframe that is followed by a D (Downlink) subframe, specifically, a shaded frame structure position as shown in Table 2.
  • the LBT detection subframe can be set, that is, the case where the LBT repetition period is 5 ms. If the repetition period is 10 ms or more, an LBT detection subframe can be set only at the foremost position in the frame structure.
  • the LBT subframe can be placed in the last few symbols of the U subframe.
  • the value of N1 can be configured statically or semi-statically depending on the situation.
  • a structural diagram of a U subframe for LBT detection is given by taking TDD configuration mode 0 as an example, and an LBT subframe, an LBT subframe is set in a subframe 4 (ie, a U subframe). Located at the back end of subframe number 4.
  • the LBT subframe is placed in the first D subframe after the U subframe, as shown in Table 3 with the shaded frame structure position.
  • the LBT detection subframe can be set, that is, the case where the LBT repetition period is 5 ms. If the repetition period is 10 ms or more, an LBT detection subframe can be set only at the foremost position in the frame structure.
  • the LBT subframe is placed in the first few symbols of the D subframe.
  • the value of N2 can be configured statically or semi-statically depending on the situation.
  • PSS/SSS Primary Synchronization Signal/Secondary Synchronization Signal
  • CRS Cell-specific Reference Signal
  • CSI-RS Channel State Information-Reference Signal
  • DS Discovery Signal
  • PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
  • ePDCCH enhanced Physical Downlink Control Channel
  • PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel
  • WiFi-like beacon signal and UL (Uplink) grant
  • HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat request
  • a structural diagram of a D subframe for LBT detection is given by taking TDD configuration mode 0 as an example, and an LBT subframe, an LBT subframe is set in a subframe 0 (ie, a D subframe). Located at the front end of subframe 0.
  • the preferred setting method is three:
  • the LBT subframe is placed in an S (Special) sub-frame, as shown in Table 4 with a shaded frame structure position.
  • the LBT detection subframe can be set, that is, the case where the LBT repetition period is 5 ms. If the repetition period is 10 ms or more, an LBT detection subframe can be set only at the foremost position in the frame structure.
  • the S subframe includes a DwPTS (Downlink Pilot Time Slot), an UpPTS (Uplink Pilot Time Slot), and a GP (Guard Period).
  • the LBT time can be as shown in FIG. 7A.
  • the LBT time is placed between the GP and the UpPTS; or the last few symbols of the S subframe are placed, as shown in FIG. 7B, and the LBT time is placed after the UpPTS.
  • the sum of the lengths of DwPTS, UpPTS and GP can only be shortened, the sum of the lengths of time is less than 1ms, and the rest is used for LBT time.
  • the length of the UpPTS is relatively fixed, which is 1 symbol or 2 symbols, and the lengths of the DwPTS and GP are variously configured according to different cell radii.
  • DwPTS can only use a shorter configuration
  • GP can only use a shorter configuration. That is to say, in the configuration of DwPTS and UpPTS given in Table 5, the sum of the DwPTS and UpPTS occupation lengths exceeding 13 symbols cannot be selected because the GP occupies at least 1 symbol, and the UpPTS is at least 1 symbol.
  • GP minimum is also a symbol
  • the protection time of the extra D subframe to the U subframe is not required; for the preferred setting manner 1, since the LBT subframe is placed in the U subframe, the uplink characteristic of the subframe is not changed. The D subframe is not occupied, so that the D subframe is fully used, and the U subframe which is followed by the D subframe is ensured, and the timeliness of the channel detection can be ensured; for the preferred setting mode 2, the LBT subframe is placed.
  • the D subframe changes the downlink characteristics of the subframe, but does not additionally occupy the U subframe for downlink LBT channel detection;
  • the LBT subframe is placed in the S subframe, and the normal U and D subframes are not occupied, but the values of the DwPTS and the GP value are limited, but the advantage is that the TDD uplink and downlink configurations use the #1 number.
  • the S subframe is subjected to LBT, so that even if the neighboring cells are configured with different TDDs, since the LBT time is the same, the detected signal strength is not, and the channel is not busy because the signal strength of the neighboring LTE cell is detected.
  • the cell #1 may be LBT, cell #2 In the case of uplink or downlink transmission, cell #1 detects that the channel is busy, but in reality the channel can be occupied by cell #1. That is to say, the preferred setting mode 1 and the preferred setting mode 2 are not applicable to scenarios in which the same channel has the same TDD uplink and downlink configuration of the same carrier, unless the base station can distinguish signals of different operators or WiFi.
  • the detection strength of the LBT is 1 symbol, which means that each symbol performs an LBT detection and judges that the channel is busy.
  • the time may be divided into multiple symbols, that is, multiple steps. Only the detection channel of each step is idle, and the channel is idle after the LBT time is over.
  • the repetition period of the LBT may be different or the same:
  • the LBT repetition period is the same: since the period of the uplink and downlink conversion is at most 10 ms, and from the case of the subframe in which the LBT time is analyzed, it is known that in some uplink and downlink configurations, the minimum period is 10 ms. Therefore, if the repetition period of the LBT is the same, the repetition period is N4 ⁇ 10 ms, and N4 is a positive integer.
  • Uplink and downlink configuration number LBT repetition period 0 10ms, 20ms, 30ms, ... 1 5ms, 10ms, 20ms, 30ms, ... 2 5ms, 10ms, 20ms, 30ms, ... 3 10ms, 20ms, 30ms, ... 4 5ms, 10ms, 20ms, 30ms, ... 5 5ms, 10ms, 20ms, 30ms, ... 6 10ms, 20ms, 30ms, ...
  • the subframe position where the LBT subframe is located, the number of symbols occupied by the LBT subframe, and the repetition period of the LBT subframe may be any combination.
  • the LBT can be placed in a U subframe, a D subframe or an S subframe; the minimum period can be 5 ms or 10 ms; the symbol occupied by the LBT can also have multiple optional values.
  • the repetition period of the LBT is composed of the LBT detection subframe and other subframes, and the number of D subframes in other subframes is the maximum downlink channel transmission time that can be occupied each time the LBT detection channel is idle. If the LBT detection subframe determines that the channel is idle, other D subframes may be used for downlink transmission; otherwise, other subframes may not be used for downlink transmission. That is to say, the repetition period of the LBT limits the LBT to detect when the channel is idle. The maximum time sent.
  • the LBT detection repetition period is 5 ms
  • the maximum occupant downlink transmission subframe is the 3rd, 4th, and 5th D subframes, 5 After the D subframe, it may be necessary to perform LBT detection again in the 6th S subframe.
  • the time for doing LBT on the same carrier frequency is the same. Because the LBT is mainly used to detect whether other operators use LAA on the carrier frequency or whether there is a Wi-Fi system, and the same carrier's base station can simultaneously use the unlicensed frequency band, the base station of the same carrier is at the same time. A base station that does LBT is equivalent to the same carrier does not send a signal, and only monitors the strength of the external signal.
  • the LBT when the TDD uplink and downlink configuration on the same carrier frequency is the same, whether the LBT is performed in the U subframe, the D subframe, or the S subframe described above, all the base stations can satisfy the LBT at the same time;
  • LBT can only be performed in the S subframe.
  • the time for LBT on the same carrier frequency is different. That is to say, when the A operator is doing LBT without signaling, the B operator is not doing LBT but may be signaling, so that it can detect whether the B operator occupies the channel.
  • the LBT is performed in the above-mentioned U subframe or D subframe, and the position of the LBT in the subframe is different.
  • the time to meet is different.
  • the subframe offsets of different operators need to take different values, that is, the subframe structure of different operators.
  • the sub-frames in the field need to be set with a relative offset.
  • the LBT measurement of the base station may be performed on a periodic basis regardless of whether there is a downlink service, or may be based on a period only when there is a service.
  • the foregoing mechanism for designing a downlink LBT detection of a base station enables the LTE to use an unlicensed frequency band to monitor whether a Wi-Fi device or another system uses a channel in advance, and if not, does not occupy a channel, thereby ensuring an LTE system. Coexistence with unlicensed bands and existing access technologies such as Wi-Fi.
  • the present invention proposes a data transmission scheme when a new LTE system operates in an unlicensed frequency band in a time division duplex mode, which can ensure that the LTE system works normally in an unlicensed frequency band.
  • the LTE system is prevented from causing large interference to other systems when working in the unlicensed frequency band, and the peaceful coexistence of the LTE system and other systems in the unlicensed frequency band is realized.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法、系统和具有基站功能的设备，其中，所述LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，包括：在所述时分双工模式的帧结构中设置用于周期性检测下行信道状态的信道监听子帧；在任一周期内，若所述信道监听子帧检测到所述下行信道处于空闲状态，则通过所述帧结构中处于所述任一周期内的下行子帧发送下行数据，否则，在所述任一周期内不发送下行数据。本发明的技术方案能够确保LTE系统在非授权频段正常工作的前提下，避免LTE系统在非授权频段工作时对其他系统产生较大的干扰，实现了LTE系统与其他系统在非授权频段的和平共存。

Description

数据传输方法、系统和具有基站功能的设备 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法、一种LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统和一种具有基站功能的设备。
背景技术
随着通信业务量的急剧增加，3GPP的授权频谱越来越不足以提供更高的网络容量。为了进一步提高频谱资源的利用率，3GPP正讨论如何在授权频谱的帮助下使用未授权频谱，如2.4GHz和5GHz频段。这些未授权频谱目前主要是Wi-Fi、蓝牙、雷达、医疗等系统在使用。
通常情况下，为已授权频段设计的接入技术，如LTE(Long Term Evolution，长期演进)不适合在未授权频段上使用，因为LTE这类接入技术对频谱效率和用户体验优化的要求非常高。然而，载波聚合(Carrier Aggregation，CA)功能让将LTE部署于非授权频段变为可能。3GPP提出了LAA(LTE Assisted Access，LTE辅助接入)的概念，借助LTE授权频谱的帮助来使用未授权频谱。而未授权频谱可以有两种工作方式，一种是补充下行(SDL，Supplemental Downlink)，即只有下行传输子帧；另一种是TDD(Time Division Duplexing，时分双工)模式，既包含下行子帧、也包含上行子帧。补充下行这种情况只能是借助载波聚合技术使用。而TDD模式除了可以借助载波聚合技术使用外，还可以借助DC(Dual Connectivity，双连通)使用，也可以独立使用。
相比于Wi-Fi系统，工作在未授权频段的LTE系统有能力提供更高的频谱效率和更大的覆盖效果，同时基于同一个核心网让数据流量在授权频段和未授权频段之间无缝切换。对用户来说，这意味着更好的宽带体验、更高的速率、更好的稳定性和移动便利。
现有的在非授权频谱上使用的接入技术，如Wi-Fi，具有较弱的抗干扰能力。为了避免干扰，Wi-Fi系统设计了很多干扰避免规则，如CSMA/CD(Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection，载波监听多路访问/冲突检测方法)，这种方法的基本原理是Wi-Fi的AP(Access Point，接入点)或者终端在发送信令或者数据之前，要先监听检测周围是否有其他AP或者其他终端在发送/接收信令或数据，若有，则继续监听，直到监听到没有为止；若没有，则生成一个随机数作为退避时间，在这个退避时间内，如果没检测到有信令或数据传输，那么在退避时间结束之后，AP或终端可以开始发送信令或数据。该过程如图1所示。
但是，LTE网络中由于有很好的正交性保证了干扰水平，所以基站与用户的上下行传输不用考虑周围是否有其他基站或其他用户在传输数据。如果LTE在非授权频段上使用时也不考虑周围是否有其他设备在使用非授权频段，那么将对Wi-Fi设备带来极大的干扰。因为LTE只要有业务就进行传输，没有任何监听规则，那么Wi-Fi设备 在LTE有业务传输时就不能传输，只能等到LTE业务传输完成，才能检测到信道空闲状态以进行数据传输。
可见，LTE网络在使用非授权频段时，最主要的关键点之一是确保LAA能够在公平友好的基础上和现有的接入技术(比如Wi-Fi)共存。而传统的LTE系统中没有LBT(Listen Before Talk，先听后说)的机制来避免碰撞。
因此，如何能够确保LTE系统在非授权频段正常工作的前提下，避免LTE系统在非授权频段工作时对其他系统产生较大的干扰成为亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明正是基于上述技术问题至少之一，提出了一种新的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方案，能够确保LTE系统在非授权频段正常工作的前提下，避免LTE系统在非授权频段工作时对其他系统产生较大的干扰，实现了LTE系统与其他系统在非授权频段的和平共存。
有鉴于此，本发明提出了一种适用于具有基站功能的设备的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，包括：在所述时分双工模式的帧结构中设置用于周期性检测下行信道状态的信道监听子帧；在任一周期内，若所述信道监听子帧检测到所述下行信道处于空闲状态，则通过所述帧结构中处于所述任一周期内的下行子帧发送下行数据，否则，在所述任一周期内不发送下行数据。
在该技术方案中，通过在时分双工模式的帧结构中设置信道监听子帧对下行信道的状态进行检测，以在信道监听子帧检测到下行信道处于空闲状态时通过上述帧结构中的下行子帧发送下行数据，而在检测到下行信道处于繁忙状态时，不发送下行数据，使得LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时能够采取相应的干扰避让机制，进而在非授权频段工作时可以与工作在非授权频段的其他系统(如Wi-Fi系统)和平共存，以在确保LTE系统能够在非授权频段正常工作的前提下，避免LTE系统在非授权频段工作时由于没有干扰避让机制而对具有干扰避让机制的其他系统产生较大的干扰。其中，数据既包括普通的交互数据，也包括控制信令等。具有基站功能的设备包括基站、通过通信设备(如智能手机等)实现的微小区基站等。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述帧结构中的至少一个子帧内。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在时分双工模式的帧结构中的至少一个子帧内，使得无需在时分双工模式的帧结构中额外地设置其他子帧来承载信道监听子帧；同时，可以根据LTE系统的实际情况在时分双工模式的帧结构中的一个或多个子帧内设置信道监听子帧，并且信道监听子帧的设置位置可以是在上行子帧、下行子帧和特殊子帧中的一个位置或多个位置处。
以下列举信道监听子帧的几种优选设置方式：
设置方式一：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述帧结构中与下行子帧相邻的上行子帧内。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在时分双工模式的帧结构中与下行子帧相邻的上行子帧内，使得在上行子帧完成上行传输之后并在下行子帧进行下行传输之前，能够实现对下行信道的检测，进而确定是否能够通过下行子帧进行数据传输； 同时，由于信道监听子帧没有占用下行子帧，因此能够保证下行子帧完全用于下行数据的传输，实现下行子帧的充分利用。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述上行子帧的后端，且占用第一预定数量个符号，其中，所述第一预定数量处于1至14之间。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在上行子帧的后端，使得能够确保信道检测的时效性，以确保在传输下行数据之前检测到的信道状态为最新状态，避免信道检测较早且传输下行数据较晚而导致在需要传输下行数据时信道状态已发生变化而影响下行数据的传输。具体地，如信道检测较早并检测到信道处于繁忙状态，但是由于下行数据传输较晚(即信道监听子帧距离下行子帧较远)，若在下行数据传输时，信道已处于空闲状态但是由于信道检测结果为繁忙状态，此时LTE系统不会发送下行数据而等待下次信道检测，导致无法传送下行数据；类似地，再如信道检测较早并检测到信道处于空闲状态，但是由于下行数据传输较晚，若在下行数据传输时，信道已处于繁忙状态但是由于信道检测结果为空闲状态，此时LTE系统会继续发送下行数据而不等待下次信道检测，进而会对其他系统造成干扰。
设置方式二：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述帧结构中与上行子帧相邻的下行子帧内。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在时分双工模式的帧结构中与上行子帧相邻的下行子帧内，使得能够在需要进行下行传输时，及时进行下行信道的测量；同时，由于信道监听子帧没有占用上行子帧，因此能够保证上行子帧完全用于上行数据的传输，实现上行子帧的充分利用。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述下行子帧的前端，且占用第二预定数量个符号，其中，所述第二预定数量处于1至14之间。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在下行子帧的前端，使得下行子帧的其他部分能够继续用于下行数据的传输，确保下行子帧的充分利用。
设置方式三：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述帧结构中的特殊子帧内。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在特殊子帧内，使得无需占用下行子帧和上行子帧，进而能够保证系统的上行传输和下行传输不受影响；同时，若同一运营商的不同基站在同一载频上均将信道监听子帧设置在特殊子帧上，并且设置在帧结构的相同位置处，则不同基站在测量信道状态时，均是以其他运营商的基站为参考，并不会因为检测到同一运营商的基站信号而判定信道繁忙。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述特殊子帧中与上行导频时隙相邻的位置，且占用第三预定数量个符号，其中，所述第三预定数量处于1至9之间。
在该技术方案中，由于在时分双工模式的帧结构中，下行子帧在转换为上行子帧时，需要设置保护时间，而信道监听子帧是需要监听上行信号来检测信道状态的，因此通过将信道监听子帧设置与上行导频时隙相邻的位置，即设置在上行导频时隙(UpPTS)与保护时间(GP)之间或设置在上行导频时隙之后，可以无需设置额外的保护时间，避免了将信道监听子帧设置在下行导频时隙(DwPTS)之前或设置在下行导频时隙与保护时间之间而需要额外设置保护时间。
同时，由于上行导频时隙和保护时间占用的符号数量最少均为1个符号，下行导 频时隙占用的符号数量最少为3个，而一个子帧包含14个符号，因此设置在特殊子帧中的信道监听子帧占用的符号数量最多为9个，最少为1个。
通过信道监听子帧检测下行信道的状态的方式如下：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，若所述信道监听子帧在所占用的每个符号内均检测到所述下行信道处于空闲状态，则确定所述下行信道处于空闲状态，否则，确定所述下行信道处于非空闲状态。
在该技术方案中，由于信道监听子帧的检测力度为1个符号检测一次，因此可以在信道监听子帧占用的每个符号上检测时均检测到下行信道处于空闲状态时再判定下行信道处于空闲状态。
信道监听子帧占用的符号数的设置方式如下：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：在所述LTE系统的工作过程中，所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量为固定值；或
在所述LTE系统的工作过程中，实时检测所述LTE系统周围使用所述非授权频段的其他系统的信道条件的变化速率，并根据实时检测到的所述其他系统的信道条件的变化速率和/或所述具有基站功能的设备的信道检测能力，动态设置所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量。
具体地，所述其他系统的信道条件的变化速率与所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成正比例关系；所述具有基站功能的设备的信道检测能力与所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成反比例关系。
在该技术方案中，信道监听子帧占用的符号数可以为固定值或者在LTE工作过程中根据实际情况进行调整。在根据实际情况调整信道监听子帧占用的符号数时，为了能够对下行信道的状态进行准确测量，若LTE系统周围使用非授权频段的其他系统的信道条件的变换速率越快，则需要多次测量下行信道的状态，即设置信道监听子帧占用的符号数较多；若LTE系统的信道检测能力较差，也需要多次测量下行信道的状态，即设置信道监听子帧占用的符号数较多，因此其他系统的信道条件的变化速率与信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成正比例关系，具有基站功能的设备的信道检测能力与信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成反比例关系。
信道监听子帧的周期的设置方式如下：
设置方式一：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：根据所述帧结构中每个转换点周期内包含的下行子帧数量设置所述信道监听子帧的周期。
在该技术方案中，具体地，若帧结构中每个转换点周期内包含的下行子帧数量较少(如配置方式0、配置方式3和配置方式6)，则可以设置信道监听子帧的周期较大；而对于每个转换点周期内的下行子帧数量较多时，则为了能够根据下行信道的实时状态确定是否传输下行数据，则可以设置信道监听子帧的周期较小。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述帧结构的子帧配置方式中的配置方式0、配置方式3、配置方式6中的所述信道监听子帧的周期为：M×10ms，其中M为正整数；所述帧结构的子帧配置方式中的配置方式1、配置方式2、配置方式4和配置方式5中的所述信道监听子帧的周期为：N×5ms，其中N为1或正偶数。
其中，在信道监听子帧的周期为5ms时，即在一个帧结构中需要两个位置设置信道监听子帧，这两个位置既可以是相同的子帧位置，也可以是不同的子帧位置。具体地，如对于配置方式5，若信道监听子帧的周期为5ms，则可以在1号子帧的位置 (即S子帧)和6号子帧的位置(即D子帧)分别设置信道监听子帧，即同一帧结构中的两个信道监听子帧在不同的子帧类型位置；而对于配置方式1，若信道监听子帧的周期为5ms，则可以在1号子帧的位置(即S子帧)和6号子帧的位置(即S子帧)分别设置信道监听子帧，即同一帧结构中的两个信道监听子帧在相同的子帧类型位置。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：若所述帧结构中具有多个位置可设置所述信道监听子帧，且所述信道监听子帧的周期为M×10ms，则选择所述多个位置中的第一个位置设置所述信道监听子帧。
在该技术方案中，具体地，如对于配置方式1，由于可以在配置方式1中的1号子帧的位置(即S子帧)和6号子帧的位置(即S子帧)分别设置信道监听子帧，若信道监听子帧的周期为10ms的整数倍，则可以仅在1号子帧的位置设置信道监听子帧。
设置方式二：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，在所述LTE系统的工作过程中，实时检测所述LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率和所述LTE系统周围使用所述非授权频段的其他系统的负载状态的变化速率，并根据实时检测到的所述LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率和/或所述其他系统的负载状态的变化速率动态设置所述信道监听子帧的周期。
其中，所述LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率与所述监听子帧的周期成反比例关系；所述其他系统的负载状态的变化速率与所述监听子帧的周期成反比例关系。
在该技术方案中，通过根据实时检测到的LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率和/或其他系统的负载状态的变化速率动态设置信道监听子帧的周期，使得信道监听子帧的周期能够更加符合LTE系统的工作状态。具体地，若LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率越大，则说明下行数据的传输量变化越大；若其他系统的负载状态的变化速率越大，则说明信道的状态变化较大，因此为了传输下行数据，需要间隔较短时间测量信道的状态，即需要设置信道监听子帧的周期越小。
信道监听子帧的周期在实际设置过程中，可以通过上述两种设置方式中的一种进行设置，也可以综合上述两种设置方式进行设置。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：判断是否需要处理下行业务，若是，则通过所述帧结构中的所述信道监听子帧周期性地检测所述下行信道的状态。
在该技术方案中，具体来说，基站在通过信道监听子帧检测下行信道的状态时，可以是在确定有下行业务时才进行的，当然也可以是不管有没有下行业务一直进行的。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：判断与具有基站功能的其他设备是否归属于同一运营商；若判定与所述其他设备归属于同一运营商，则在同一载频上设置所述信道监听子帧在所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的位置与所述其他设备配置的所述信道监听子帧在所述其他设备的帧结构中的位置相同；若判定与所述其他设备归属于不同运营商，则在同一载频上设置所述信道监听子帧在所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的位置与所述其他设备配置的所述信道监听子帧在所述其他设备的帧结构中的位置不相同。
在该技术方案中，由于信道检测的目的是为了检测其它运营商的基站(也可以是具有基站功能的设备，为了便于描述，以下以基站为例，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解的是本申请中所述的基站也可以是具有基站功能的其他设备)是否使用了LAA，以及Wi-Fi是否占用信道，因此对于同一运营商的基站，通过在同一载频上配置信道监听子帧在帧结构中的位置相同，使得能够避免归属于同一运营商的基站之间相互检测到信号而判定信道繁忙；而对于不同运营商的基站，则需要设置信道监听子帧在帧 结构中的位置不同，以检测不同运营商的基站是否占用信道。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，在同一载频上设置所述信道监听子帧在所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的位置与所述其他设备配置的所述信道监听子帧在所述其他设备的帧结构中的位置不相同的步骤具体为：判断在所述同一载频上，所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构的配置方式与所述其他设备的帧结构的配置方式是否相同，若是，则设置所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的子帧与所述其他设备的帧结构中的子帧具有相对偏移量。
在该技术方案中，若不同运营商的基站的帧结构配置相同，则为了确保信道监听子帧在不同时间进行测量，则需要设置基站之间的子帧具有相对偏移量；当然，对于一个帧结构上有多个位置可以设置信道监听子帧时，当不用运营商的基站的帧结构配置相同时，可以令不同运营商的基站在帧结构的不同位置处设置帧结构。
根据本发明的第二方面，还提出了一种适用于具有基站功能的设备的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，包括：第一设置单元，用于在所述时分双工模式的帧结构中设置用于周期性检测下行信道状态的信道监听子帧；第一处理单元，用于在任一周期内，若所述信道监听子帧检测到所述下行信道处于空闲状态，则通过所述帧结构中处于所述任一周期内的下行子帧发送下行数据，否则，在所述任一周期内不发送下行数据。
在该技术方案中，通过在时分双工模式的帧结构中设置信道监听子帧对下行信道的状态进行检测，以在信道监听子帧检测到下行信道处于空闲状态时通过上述帧结构中的下行子帧发送下行数据，而在检测到下行信道处于繁忙状态时，不发送下行数据，使得LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时能够采取相应的干扰避让机制，进而在非授权频段工作时可以与工作在非授权频段的其他系统(如Wi-Fi系统)和平共存，以在确保LTE系统能够在非授权频段正常工作的前提下，避免LTE系统在非授权频段工作时由于没有干扰避让机制而对具有干扰避让机制的其他系统产生较大的干扰。其中，数据既包括普通的交互数据，也包括控制信令等。具有基站功能的设备包括基站、通过通信设备(如智能手机等)实现的微小区基站等。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第一设置单元具体用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述帧结构中的至少一个子帧内。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在时分双工模式的帧结构中的至少一个子帧内，使得无需在时分双工模式的帧结构中额外地设置其他子帧来承载信道监听子帧；同时，可以根据LTE系统的实际情况在时分双工模式的帧结构中的一个或多个子帧内设置信道监听子帧，并且信道监听子帧的设置位置可以是在上行子帧、下行子帧和特殊子帧中的一个位置或多个位置处。
以下列举信道监听子帧的几种优选设置方式：
设置方式一：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第一设置单元具体用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述帧结构中与下行子帧相邻的上行子帧内。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在时分双工模式的帧结构中与下行子帧相邻的上行子帧内，使得在上行子帧完成上行传输之后并在下行子帧进行下行传输之前，能够实现对下行信道的检测，进而确定是否能够通过下行子帧进行数据传输；同时，由于信道监听子帧没有占用下行子帧，因此能够保证下行子帧完全用于下行数据的传输，实现下行子帧的充分利用。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第一设置单元具体还用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述上行子帧的后端，且占用第一预定数量个符号，其中，所述第一预定数量处于1至14之间。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在上行子帧的后端，使得能够确保信道检测的时效性，以确保在传输下行数据之前检测到的信道状态为最新状态，避免信道检测较早且传输下行数据较晚而导致在需要传输下行数据时信道状态已发生变化而影响下行数据的传输。具体地，如信道检测较早并检测到信道处于繁忙状态，但是由于下行数据传输较晚(即信道监听子帧距离下行子帧较远)，若在下行数据传输时，信道已处于空闲状态但是由于信道检测结果为繁忙状态，此时LTE系统不会发送下行数据而等待下次信道检测，导致无法传送下行数据；类似地，再如信道检测较早并检测到信道处于空闲状态，但是由于下行数据传输较晚，若在下行数据传输时，信道已处于繁忙状态但是由于信道检测结果为空闲状态，此时LTE系统会继续发送下行数据而不等待下次信道检测，进而会对其他系统造成干扰。
设置方式二：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第一设置单元具体用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述帧结构中与上行子帧相邻的下行子帧内。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在时分双工模式的帧结构中与上行子帧相邻的下行子帧内，使得能够在需要进行下行传输时，及时进行下行信道的测量；同时，由于信道监听子帧没有占用上行子帧，因此能够保证上行子帧完全用于上行数据的传输，实现上行子帧的充分利用。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第一设置单元具体还用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述下行子帧的前端，且占用第二预定数量个符号，其中，所述第二预定数量处于1至14之间。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在下行子帧的前端，使得下行子帧的其他部分能够继续用于下行数据的传输，确保下行子帧的充分利用。
设置方式三：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第一设置单元具体用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述帧结构中的特殊子帧内。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在特殊子帧内，使得无需占用下行子帧和上行子帧，进而能够保证系统的上行传输和下行传输不受影响；同时，若同一运营商的不同基站在同一载频上均将信道监听子帧设置在特殊子帧上，并且设置在帧结构的相同位置处，则不同基站在测量信道状态时，均是以其他运营商的基站为参考，并不会因为检测到同一运营商的基站信号而判定信道繁忙。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第一设置单元具体还用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述特殊子帧中与上行导频时隙相邻的位置，且占用第三预定数量个符号，其中，所述第三预定数量处于1至9之间。
在该技术方案中，由于在时分双工模式的帧结构中，下行子帧在转换为上行子帧时，需要设置保护时间，而信道监听子帧是需要监听上行信号来检测信道状态的，因此通过将信道监听子帧设置与上行导频时隙相邻的位置，即设置在上行导频时隙(UpPTS)与保护时间(GP)之间或设置在上行导频时隙之后，可以无需设置额外的保护时间，避免了将信道监听子帧设置在下行导频时隙(DwPTS)之前或设置在下行导频时隙与保护时间之间而需要额外设置保护时间。
同时，由于上行导频时隙和保护时间占用的符号数量最少均为1个符号，下行导频时隙占用的符号数量最少为3个，而一个子帧包含14个符号，因此设置在特殊子帧中的信道监听子帧占用的符号数量最多为9个，最少为1个。
通过信道监听子帧检测下行信道的状态的方式如下：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第一处理单元包括：确定单元，用于当所述信道监听子帧在所占用的每个符号内均检测到所述下行信道处于空闲状态时，确定所述下行信道处于空闲状态，否则，确定所述下行信道处于非空闲状态。
在该技术方案中，由于信道监听子帧的检测力度为1个符号检测一次，因此可以在信道监听子帧占用的每个符号上检测时均检测到下行信道处于空闲状态时再判定下行信道处于空闲状态。
信道监听子帧占用的符号数的设置方式如下：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：
第二设置单元，用于在所述LTE系统的工作过程中，设置所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量为固定值；或
第一检测单元，用于在所述LTE系统的工作过程中，实时检测所述LTE系统的周围使用所述非授权频段的其他系统的信道条件的变化速率；以及第三设置单元，用于根据所述第一检测单元实时检测到的所述其他系统的信道条件的变化速率和/或所述具有基站功能的设备的信道检测能力动态设置所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量。
其中，所述其他系统的信道条件的变化速率与所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成正比例关系；所述具有基站功能的设备的信道检测能力与所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成反比例关系。
在该技术方案中，信道监听子帧占用的符号数可以为固定值或者在LTE工作过程中根据实际情况进行调整。在根据实际情况调整信道监听子帧占用的符号数时，为了能够对下行信道的状态进行准确测量，若LTE系统周围使用非授权频段的其他系统的信道条件的变换速率越快，则需要多次测量下行信道的状态，即设置信道监听子帧占用的符号数较多；若LTE系统的信道检测能力较差，也需要多次测量下行信道的状态，即设置信道监听子帧占用的符号数较多，因此其他系统的信道条件的变化速率与信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成正比例关系，具有基站功能的设备的信道检测能力与信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成反比例关系。
信道监听子帧的周期的设置方式如下：
设置方式一：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：第四设置单元，用于根据所述帧结构中每个转换点周期内包含的下行子帧数量设置所述信道监听子帧的周期。
在该技术方案中，具体地，若帧结构中每个转换点周期内包含的下行子帧数量较少(如配置方式0、配置方式3和配置方式6)，则可以设置信道监听子帧的周期较大；而对于每个转换点周期内的下行子帧数量较多时，则为了能够根据下行信道的实时状态确定是否传输下行数据，则可以设置信道监听子帧的周期较小。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第四设置单元具体用于：设置所述帧结构的子帧配置方式中的配置方式0、配置方式3、配置方式6中的所述信道监听子帧的周期为：M×10ms，其中M为正整数，以及设置所述帧结构的子帧配置方式中的配置方式1、配置方式2、配置方式4和配置方式5中的所述信道监听子帧的周期为：N×5ms，其中N为1或正偶数。
其中，在信道监听子帧的周期为5ms时，即在一个帧结构中需要两个位置设置信道监听子帧，这两个位置既可以是相同的子帧位置，也可以是不同的子帧位置。具体地，如对于配置方式5，若信道监听子帧的周期为5ms，则可以在1号子帧的位置(即S子帧)和6号子帧的位置(即D子帧)分别设置信道监听子帧，即同一帧结构中的两个信道监听子帧在不同的子帧类型位置；而对于配置方式1，若信道监听子帧的周期为5ms，则可以在1号子帧的位置(即S子帧)和6号子帧的位置(即S子帧)分别设置信道监听子帧，即同一帧结构中的两个信道监听子帧在相同的子帧类型位置。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第一设置单元具体还用于：在所述帧结构中具有多个位置可设置所述信道监听子帧，且所述信道监听子帧的周期为M×10ms时，选择所述多个位置中的第一个位置设置所述信道监听子帧。
在该技术方案中，具体地，如对于配置方式1，由于可以在配置方式1中的1号子帧的位置(即S子帧)和6号子帧的位置(即S子帧)分别设置信道监听子帧，若信道监听子帧的周期为10ms的整数倍，则可以仅在1号子帧的位置设置信道监听子帧。
设置方式二：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：第二检测单元，用于在所述LTE系统的工作过程中，实时检测所述LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率和所述LTE系统周围使用所述非授权频段的其他系统的负载状态的变化速率；以及第五设置单元，用于根据所述第二检测单元实时检测到的所述LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率和/或所述其他系统的负载状态的变化速率动态设置所述信道监听子帧的周期。
其中，所述LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率与所述监听子帧的周期成反比例关系；所述其他系统的负载状态的变化速率与所述监听子帧的周期成反比例关系。
在该技术方案中，通过根据实时检测到的LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率和/或其他系统的负载状态的变化速率动态设置信道监听子帧的周期，使得信道监听子帧的周期能够更加符合LTE系统的工作状态。具体地，若LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率越大，则说明下行数据的传输量变化越大；若其他系统的负载状态的变化速率越大，则说明信道的状态变化较大，因此为了传输下行数据，需要间隔较短时间测量信道的状态，即需要设置信道监听子帧的周期越小。
信道监听子帧的周期在实际设置过程中，可以通过上述两种设置方式中的一种进行设置，也可以综合上述两种设置方式进行设置。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：第一判断单元，用于判断是否需要处理下行业务；所述第一处理单元具体用于，在所述第一判断单元判定需要处理所述下行业务时，通过所述帧结构中的所述信道监听子帧周期性地检测所述下行信道的状态。
在该技术方案中，具体来说，基站在通过信道监听子帧检测下行信道的状态时，可以是在确定有下行业务时才进行的，当然也可以是不管有没有下行业务一直进行的。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：第二判断单元，用于判断所述具有基站功能的设备与其他具有基站功能的设备是否归属于同一运营商；第二处理单元，用于在所述第二判断单元判定所述具有基站功能的设备与所述其他设备归属于同一运营商时，在同一载频上设置所述信道监听子帧在所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的位置与所述其他设备配置的所述信道监听子帧在所述其他设备的帧结构中的位置相同，以及在所述第二判断单元判定所述具有基站功能的设备与所述其他设备归属于不同运营商时，在同一载频上设置所述信道监听子帧在所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的位置与所述其他设备配置的所述信道监听子帧在所述其他设备的帧结构中的位置不相同。
在该技术方案中，由于信道检测的目的是为了检测其它运营商的基站(也可以是具有基站功能的设备，为了便于描述，以下以基站为例，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解的是本申请中所述的基站也可以是具有基站功能的其他设备)是否使用了LAA，以及Wi-Fi是否占用信道，因此对于同一运营商的基站，通过在同一载频上配置信道监听子帧在帧结构中的位置相同，使得能够避免归属于同一运营商的基站之间相互检测到信号而判定信道繁忙；而对于不同运营商的基站，则需要设置信道监听子帧在帧结构中的位置不同，以检测不同运营商的基站是否占用信道。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第二处理单元包括：第三判断单元，用于在所述第二判断单元判定所述具有基站功能的设备与所述其他设备归属于不同运营商时，判断在所述同一载频上，所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构的配置方式与所述其他设备的帧结构的配置方式是否相同；第六设置单元，用于在所述第三判断单元判定在所述同一载频上，所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构的配置方式与所述其他设备的帧结构的配置方式相同时，设置所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的子帧与所述其他设备的帧结构中的子帧具有相对偏移量。
在该技术方案中，若不同运营商的基站的帧结构配置相同，则为了确保信道监听子帧在不同时间进行测量，则需要设置基站之间的子帧具有相对偏移量；当然，对于一个帧结构上有多个位置可以设置信道监听子帧时，当不用运营商的基站的帧结构配置相同时，可以令不同运营商的基站在帧结构的不同位置处设置帧结构。
根据本发明的第三方面，还提出了一种具有基站功能的设备，包括：上述任一项技术方案中所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统。
通过以上技术方案，能够确保LTE系统在非授权频段正常工作的前提下，避免LTE系统在非授权频段工作时对其他系统产生较大的干扰，实现了LTE系统与其他系统在非授权频段的和平共存。
附图说明
图1示出了Wi-Fi系统的干扰避免规则的示意图；
图2示出了根据本发明的实施例的适用于具有基站功能的设备的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法的示意流程图；
图3示出了根据本发明的实施例的适用于具有基站功能的设备的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统的示意框图；
图4示出了5ms下行到上行转换的TDD帧结构的示意图；
图5示出了根据本发明的实施例的信道监听子帧设置在上行子帧内的结构示意图；
图6示出了根据本发明的实施例的信道监听子帧设置在下行子帧内的结构示意图；
图7A示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的信道监听子帧设置在特殊子帧内的结构示意图；
图7B示出了根据本发明的另一个实施例的信道监听子帧设置在特殊子帧内的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地理解本发明的上述目的、特征和优点，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明，但是，本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施，因此，本发明的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
图2示出了根据本发明的实施例的适用于具有基站功能的设备的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法的示意流程图。
如图2所示，根据本发明的实施例的适用于具有基站功能的设备的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，包括：步骤202，在所述时分双工模式的帧结构中设置用于周期性检测下行信道状态的信道监听子帧；步骤204，在任一周期内，若所述信道监听子帧检测到所述下行信道处于空闲状态，则通过所述帧结构中处于所述任一周期内的下行子帧发送下行数据，否则，在所述任一周期内不发送下行数据。
在该技术方案中，通过在时分双工模式的帧结构中设置信道监听子帧对下行信道的状态进行检测，以在信道监听子帧检测到下行信道处于空闲状态时通过上述帧结构中的下行子帧发送下行数据，而在检测到下行信道处于繁忙状态时，不发送下行数据，使得LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时能够采取相应的干扰避让机制，进而在非授权频段工作时可以与工作在非授权频段的其他系统(如Wi-Fi系统)和平共存，以在确保LTE系统能够在非授权频段正常工作的前提下，避免LTE系统在非授权频段工作时由于没有干扰避让机制而对具有干扰避让机制的其他系统产生较大的干扰。其中，数据既包括普通的交互数据，也包括控制信令等。具有基站功能的设备包括基站、通过通信设备(如智能手机等)实现的微小区基站等。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述帧结构中的至少一个子帧内。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在时分双工模式的帧结构中的至少一个子帧内，使得无需在时分双工模式的帧结构中额外地设置其他子帧来承载信道监听子帧；同时，可以根据LTE系统的实际情况在时分双工模式的帧结构中的一个或多个子帧内设置信道监听子帧，并且信道监听子帧的设置位置可以是在上行子帧、下行子帧和特殊子帧中的一个位置或多个位置处。
以下列举信道监听子帧的几种优选设置方式：
设置方式一：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述帧结构中与下行子帧相邻的上行子帧内。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在时分双工模式的帧结构中与下行子帧相邻的上行子帧内，使得在上行子帧完成上行传输之后并在下行子帧进行下行传输之前，能够实现对下行信道的检测，进而确定是否能够通过下行子帧进行数据传输；同时，由于信道监听子帧没有占用下行子帧，因此能够保证下行子帧完全用于下行数据的传输，实现下行子帧的充分利用。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述上行子帧的后端，且占用第一预定数量个符号，其中，所述第一预定数量处于1至14之间。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在上行子帧的后端，使得能够确保信 道检测的时效性，以确保在传输下行数据之前检测到的信道状态为最新状态，避免信道检测较早且传输下行数据较晚而导致在需要传输下行数据时信道状态已发生变化而影响下行数据的传输。具体地，如信道检测较早并检测到信道处于繁忙状态，但是由于下行数据传输较晚(即信道监听子帧距离下行子帧较远)，若在下行数据传输时，信道已处于空闲状态但是由于信道检测结果为繁忙状态，此时LTE系统不会发送下行数据而等待下次信道检测，导致无法传送下行数据；类似地，再如信道检测较早并检测到信道处于空闲状态，但是由于下行数据传输较晚，若在下行数据传输时，信道已处于繁忙状态但是由于信道检测结果为空闲状态，此时LTE系统会继续发送下行数据而不等待下次信道检测，进而会对其他系统造成干扰。
设置方式二：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述帧结构中与上行子帧相邻的下行子帧内。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在时分双工模式的帧结构中与上行子帧相邻的下行子帧内，使得能够在需要进行下行传输时，及时进行下行信道的测量；同时，由于信道监听子帧没有占用上行子帧，因此能够保证上行子帧完全用于上行数据的传输，实现上行子帧的充分利用。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述下行子帧的前端，且占用第二预定数量个符号，其中，所述第二预定数量处于1至14之间。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在下行子帧的前端，使得下行子帧的其他部分能够继续用于下行数据的传输，确保下行子帧的充分利用。
设置方式三：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述帧结构中的特殊子帧内。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在特殊子帧内，使得无需占用下行子帧和上行子帧，进而能够保证系统的上行传输和下行传输不受影响；同时，若同一运营商的不同基站在同一载频上均将信道监听子帧设置在特殊子帧上，并且设置在帧结构的相同位置处，则不同基站在测量信道状态时，均是以其他运营商的基站为参考，并不会因为检测到同一运营商的基站信号而判定信道繁忙。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述特殊子帧中与上行导频时隙相邻的位置，且占用第三预定数量个符号，其中，所述第三预定数量处于1至9之间。
在该技术方案中，由于在时分双工模式的帧结构中，下行子帧在转换为上行子帧时，需要设置保护时间，而信道监听子帧是需要监听上行信号来检测信道状态的，因此通过将信道监听子帧设置与上行导频时隙相邻的位置，即设置在上行导频时隙(UpPTS)与保护时间(GP)之间或设置在上行导频时隙之后，可以无需设置额外的保护时间，避免了将信道监听子帧设置在下行导频时隙(DwPTS)之前或设置在下行导频时隙与保护时间之间而需要额外设置保护时间。
同时，由于上行导频时隙和保护时间占用的符号数量最少均为1个符号，下行导频时隙占用的符号数量最少为3个，而一个子帧包含14个符号，因此设置在特殊子帧中的信道监听子帧占用的符号数量最多为9个，最少为1个。
通过信道监听子帧检测下行信道的状态的方式如下：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，若所述信道监听子帧在所占用的每个符号内均检测到所述下行信道处于空闲状态，则确定所述下行信道处于空闲状态，否则，确定所述 下行信道处于非空闲状态。
在该技术方案中，由于信道监听子帧的检测力度为1个符号检测一次，因此可以在信道监听子帧占用的每个符号上检测时均检测到下行信道处于空闲状态时再判定下行信道处于空闲状态。
信道监听子帧占用的符号数的设置方式如下：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：在所述LTE系统的工作过程中，所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量为固定值；或
在所述LTE系统的工作过程中，实时检测所述LTE系统周围使用所述非授权频段的其他系统的信道条件的变化速率，并根据实时检测到的所述其他系统的信道条件的变化速率和/或所述具有基站功能的设备的信道检测能力，动态设置所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量。
具体地，所述其他系统的信道条件的变化速率与所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成正比例关系；所述具有基站功能的设备的信道检测能力与所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成反比例关系。
在该技术方案中，信道监听子帧占用的符号数可以为固定值或者在LTE工作过程中根据实际情况进行调整。在根据实际情况调整信道监听子帧占用的符号数时，为了能够对下行信道的状态进行准确测量，若LTE系统周围使用非授权频段的其他系统的信道条件的变换速率越快，则需要多次测量下行信道的状态，即设置信道监听子帧占用的符号数较多；若LTE系统的信道检测能力较差，也需要多次测量下行信道的状态，即设置信道监听子帧占用的符号数较多，因此其他系统的信道条件的变化速率与信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成正比例关系，具有基站功能的设备的信道检测能力与信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成反比例关系。
信道监听子帧的周期的设置方式如下：
设置方式一：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：根据所述帧结构中每个转换点周期内包含的下行子帧数量设置所述信道监听子帧的周期。
在该技术方案中，具体地，若帧结构中每个转换点周期内包含的下行子帧数量较少(如配置方式0、配置方式3和配置方式6)，则可以设置信道监听子帧的周期较大；而对于每个转换点周期内的下行子帧数量较多时，则为了能够根据下行信道的实时状态确定是否传输下行数据，则可以设置信道监听子帧的周期较小。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述帧结构的子帧配置方式中的配置方式0、配置方式3、配置方式6中的所述信道监听子帧的周期为：M×10ms，其中M为正整数；所述帧结构的子帧配置方式中的配置方式1、配置方式2、配置方式4和配置方式5中的所述信道监听子帧的周期为：N×5ms，其中N为1或正偶数。
其中，在信道监听子帧的周期为5ms时，即在一个帧结构中需要两个位置设置信道监听子帧，这两个位置既可以是相同的子帧位置，也可以是不同的子帧位置。具体地，如对于配置方式5，若信道监听子帧的周期为5ms，则可以在1号子帧的位置(即S子帧)和6号子帧的位置(即D子帧)分别设置信道监听子帧，即同一帧结构中的两个信道监听子帧在不同的子帧类型位置；而对于配置方式1，若信道监听子帧的周期为5ms，则可以在1号子帧的位置(即S子帧)和6号子帧的位置(即S子帧)分别设置信道监听子帧，即同一帧结构中的两个信道监听子帧在相同的子帧类型位置。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：若所述帧结构中具有多个位置可设置所述 信道监听子帧，且所述信道监听子帧的周期为M×10ms，则选择所述多个位置中的第一个位置设置所述信道监听子帧。
在该技术方案中，具体地，如对于配置方式1，由于可以在配置方式1中的1号子帧的位置(即S子帧)和6号子帧的位置(即S子帧)分别设置信道监听子帧，若信道监听子帧的周期为10ms的整数倍，则可以仅在1号子帧的位置设置信道监听子帧。
设置方式二：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，在所述LTE系统的工作过程中，实时检测所述LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率和所述LTE系统周围使用所述非授权频段的其他系统的负载状态的变化速率，并根据实时检测到的所述LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率和/或所述其他系统的负载状态的变化速率动态设置所述信道监听子帧的周期。
其中，所述LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率与所述监听子帧的周期成反比例关系；所述其他系统的负载状态的变化速率与所述监听子帧的周期成反比例关系。
在该技术方案中，通过根据实时检测到的LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率和/或其他系统的负载状态的变化速率动态设置信道监听子帧的周期，使得信道监听子帧的周期能够更加符合LTE系统的工作状态。具体地，若LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率越大，则说明下行数据的传输量变化越大；若其他系统的负载状态的变化速率越大，则说明信道的状态变化较大，因此为了传输下行数据，需要间隔较短时间测量信道的状态，即需要设置信道监听子帧的周期越小。
信道监听子帧的周期在实际设置过程中，可以通过上述两种设置方式中的一种进行设置，也可以综合上述两种设置方式进行设置。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：判断是否需要处理下行业务，若是，则通过所述帧结构中的所述信道监听子帧周期性地检测所述下行信道的状态。
在该技术方案中，具体来说，基站在通过信道监听子帧检测下行信道的状态时，可以是在确定有下行业务时才进行的，当然也可以是不管有没有下行业务一直进行的。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：判断与具有基站功能的其他设备是否归属于同一运营商；若判定与所述其他设备归属于同一运营商，则在同一载频上设置所述信道监听子帧在所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的位置与所述其他设备配置的所述信道监听子帧在所述其他设备的帧结构中的位置相同；若判定与所述其他设备归属于不同运营商，则在同一载频上设置所述信道监听子帧在所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的位置与所述其他设备配置的所述信道监听子帧在所述其他设备的帧结构中的位置不相同。
在该技术方案中，由于信道检测的目的是为了检测其它运营商的基站(也可以是具有基站功能的设备，为了便于描述，以下以基站为例，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解的是本申请中所述的基站也可以是具有基站功能的其他设备)是否使用了LAA，以及Wi-Fi是否占用信道，因此对于同一运营商的基站，通过在同一载频上配置信道监听子帧在帧结构中的位置相同，使得能够避免归属于同一运营商的基站之间相互检测到信号而判定信道繁忙；而对于不同运营商的基站，则需要设置信道监听子帧在帧结构中的位置不同，以检测不同运营商的基站是否占用信道。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，在同一载频上设置所述信道监听子帧在所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的位置与所述其他设备配置的所述信道监听子帧在所述其他设备的帧结构中的位置不相同的步骤具体为：判断在所述同一载频上，所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构的配置方式与所述其他设备的帧结构的配置方式是否相同，若 是，则设置所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的子帧与所述其他设备的帧结构中的子帧具有相对偏移量。
在该技术方案中，若不同运营商的基站的帧结构配置相同，则为了确保信道监听子帧在不同时间进行测量，则需要设置基站之间的子帧具有相对偏移量；当然，对于一个帧结构上有多个位置可以设置信道监听子帧时，当不用运营商的基站的帧结构配置相同时，可以另不同运营商的基站在帧结构的不同位置处设置帧结构。
图3示出了根据本发明的实施例的适用于具有基站功能的设备的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统的示意框图。
如图3所示，根据本发明的实施例的适用于具有基站功能的设备的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统300，包括：第一设置单元302，用于在所述时分双工模式的帧结构中设置用于周期性检测下行信道状态的信道监听子帧；第一处理单元304，用于在任一周期内，若所述信道监听子帧检测到所述下行信道处于空闲状态，则通过所述帧结构中处于所述任一周期内的下行子帧发送下行数据，否则，在所述任一周期内不发送下行数据。
在该技术方案中，通过在时分双工模式的帧结构中设置信道监听子帧对下行信道的状态进行检测，以在信道监听子帧检测到下行信道处于空闲状态时通过上述帧结构中的下行子帧发送下行数据，而在检测到下行信道处于繁忙状态时，不发送下行数据，使得LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时能够采取相应的干扰避让机制，进而在非授权频段工作时可以与工作在非授权频段的其他系统(如Wi-Fi系统)和平共存，以在确保LTE系统能够在非授权频段正常工作的前提下，避免LTE系统在非授权频段工作时由于没有干扰避让机制而对具有干扰避让机制的其他系统产生较大的干扰。其中，数据既包括普通的交互数据，也包括控制信令等。具有基站功能的设备包括基站、通过通信设备(如智能手机等)实现的微小区基站等。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第一设置单元302具体用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述帧结构中的至少一个子帧内。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在时分双工模式的帧结构中的至少一个子帧内，使得无需在时分双工模式的帧结构中额外地设置其他子帧来承载信道监听子帧；同时，可以根据LTE系统的实际情况在时分双工模式的帧结构中的一个或多个子帧内设置信道监听子帧，并且信道监听子帧的设置位置可以是在上行子帧、下行子帧和特殊子帧中的一个位置或多个位置处。
以下列举信道监听子帧的几种优选设置方式：
设置方式一：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第一设置单元302具体用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述帧结构中与下行子帧相邻的上行子帧内。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在时分双工模式的帧结构中与下行子帧相邻的上行子帧内，使得在上行子帧完成上行传输之后并在下行子帧进行下行传输之前，能够实现对下行信道的检测，进而确定是否能够通过下行子帧进行数据传输；同时，由于信道监听子帧没有占用下行子帧，因此能够保证下行子帧完全用于下行数据的传输，实现下行子帧的充分利用。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第一设置单元302具体还用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述上行子帧的后端，且占用第一预定数量个符号，其中，所述第一预定数量处于1至14之间。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在上行子帧的后端，使得能够确保信道检测的时效性，以确保在传输下行数据之前检测到的信道状态为最新状态，避免信道检测较早且传输下行数据较晚而导致在需要传输下行数据时信道状态已发生变化而影响下行数据的传输。具体地，如信道检测较早并检测到信道处于繁忙状态，但是由于下行数据传输较晚(即信道监听子帧距离下行子帧较远)，若在下行数据传输时，信道已处于空闲状态但是由于信道检测结果为繁忙状态，此时LTE系统不会发送下行数据而等待下次信道检测，导致无法传送下行数据；类似地，再如信道检测较早并检测到信道处于空闲状态，但是由于下行数据传输较晚，若在下行数据传输时，信道已处于繁忙状态但是由于信道检测结果为空闲状态，此时LTE系统会继续发送下行数据而不等待下次信道检测，进而会对其他系统造成干扰。
设置方式二：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第一设置单元302具体用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述帧结构中与上行子帧相邻的下行子帧内。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在时分双工模式的帧结构中与上行子帧相邻的下行子帧内，使得能够在需要进行下行传输时，及时进行下行信道的测量；同时，由于信道监听子帧没有占用上行子帧，因此能够保证上行子帧完全用于上行数据的传输，实现上行子帧的充分利用。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第一设置单元302具体还用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述下行子帧的前端，且占用第二预定数量个符号，其中，所述第二预定数量处于1至14之间。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在下行子帧的前端，使得下行子帧的其他部分能够继续用于下行数据的传输，确保下行子帧的充分利用。
设置方式三：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第一设置单元302具体用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述帧结构中的特殊子帧内。
在该技术方案中，通过将信道监听子帧设置在特殊子帧内，使得无需占用下行子帧和上行子帧，进而能够保证系统的上行传输和下行传输不受影响；同时，若同一运营商的不同基站在同一载频上均将信道监听子帧设置在特殊子帧上，并且设置在帧结构的相同位置处，则不同基站在测量信道状态时，均是以其他运营商的基站为参考，并不会因为检测到同一运营商的基站信号而判定信道繁忙。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第一设置单元302具体还用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述特殊子帧中与上行导频时隙相邻的位置，且占用第三预定数量个符号，其中，所述第三预定数量处于1至9之间。
在该技术方案中，由于在时分双工模式的帧结构中，下行子帧在转换为上行子帧时，需要设置保护时间，而信道监听子帧是需要监听上行信号来检测信道状态的，因此通过将信道监听子帧设置与上行导频时隙相邻的位置，即设置在上行导频时隙(UpPTS)与保护时间(GP)之间或设置在上行导频时隙之后，可以无需设置额外的保护时间，避免了将信道监听子帧设置在下行导频时隙(DwPTS)之前或设置在下行导频时隙与保护时间之间而需要额外设置保护时间。
同时，由于上行导频时隙和保护时间占用的符号数量最少均为1个符号，下行导频时隙占用的符号数量最少为3个，而一个子帧包含14个符号，因此设置在特殊子帧中的信道监听子帧占用的符号数量最多为9个，最少为1个。
通过信道监听子帧检测下行信道的状态的方式如下：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第一处理单元304包括：确定单元3042，用于当所述信道监听子帧在所占用的每个符号内均检测到所述下行信道处于空闲状态时，确定所述下行信道处于空闲状态，否则，确定所述下行信道处于非空闲状态。
在该技术方案中，由于信道监听子帧的检测力度为1个符号检测一次，因此可以在信道监听子帧占用的每个符号上检测时均检测到下行信道处于空闲状态时再判定下行信道处于空闲状态。
信道监听子帧占用的符号数的设置方式如下：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：
第二设置单元306，用于在所述LTE系统的工作过程中，设置所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量为固定值；或
第一检测单元308，用于在所述LTE系统的工作过程中，实时检测所述LTE系统的周围使用所述非授权频段的其他系统的信道条件的变化速率；以及第三设置单元310，用于根据所述第一检测单元308实时检测到的所述其他系统的信道条件的变化速率和/或所述具有基站功能的设备的信道检测能力动态设置所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量。
其中，所述其他系统的信道条件的变化速率与所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成正比例关系；所述具有基站功能的设备的信道检测能力与所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成反比例关系。
在该技术方案中，信道监听子帧占用的符号数可以为固定值或者在LTE工作过程中根据实际情况进行调整。在根据实际情况调整信道监听子帧占用的符号数时，为了能够对下行信道的状态进行准确测量，若LTE系统周围使用非授权频段的其他系统的信道条件的变换速率越快，则需要多次测量下行信道的状态，即设置信道监听子帧占用的符号数较多；若LTE系统的信道检测能力较差，也需要多次测量下行信道的状态，即设置信道监听子帧占用的符号数较多，因此其他系统的信道条件的变化速率与信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成正比例关系，具有基站功能的设备的信道检测能力与信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成反比例关系。
信道监听子帧的周期的设置方式如下：
设置方式一：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：第四设置单元312，用于根据所述帧结构中每个转换点周期内包含的下行子帧数量设置所述信道监听子帧的周期。
在该技术方案中，具体地，若帧结构中每个转换点周期内包含的下行子帧数量较少(如配置方式0、配置方式3和配置方式6)，则可以设置信道监听子帧的周期较大；而对于每个转换点周期内的下行子帧数量较多时，则为了能够根据下行信道的实时状态确定是否传输下行数据，则可以设置信道监听子帧的周期较小。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第四设置单元312具体用于：设置所述帧结构的子帧配置方式中的配置方式0、配置方式3和配置方式6中的所述信道监听子帧的周期为：M×10ms，其中M为正整数，以及设置所述帧结构的子帧配置方式中的配置方式1、配置方式2、配置方式4和配置方式5中的所述信道监听子帧的周期为：N×5ms，其中N为1或正偶数。
其中，在信道监听子帧的周期为5ms时，即在一个帧结构中需要两个位置设置信道监听子帧，这两个位置既可以是相同的子帧位置，也可以是不同的子帧位置。具体 地，如对于配置方式5，若信道监听子帧的周期为5ms，则可以在1号子帧的位置(即S子帧)和6号子帧的位置(即D子帧)分别设置信道监听子帧，即同一帧结构中的两个信道监听子帧在不同的子帧类型位置；而对于配置方式1，若信道监听子帧的周期为5ms，则可以在1号子帧的位置(即S子帧)和6号子帧的位置(即S子帧)分别设置信道监听子帧，即同一帧结构中的两个信道监听子帧在相同的子帧类型位置。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第一设置单元302具体还用于：在所述帧结构中具有多个位置可设置所述信道监听子帧，且所述信道监听子帧的周期为M×10ms时，选择所述多个位置中的第一个位置设置所述信道监听子帧。
在该技术方案中，具体地，如对于配置方式1，由于可以在配置方式1中的1号子帧的位置(即S子帧)和6号子帧的位置(即S子帧)分别设置信道监听子帧，若信道监听子帧的周期为10ms的整数倍，则可以仅在1号子帧的位置设置信道监听子帧。
设置方式二：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：第二检测单元314，用于在所述LTE系统的工作过程中，实时检测所述LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率和所述LTE系统周围使用所述非授权频段的其他系统的负载状态的变化速率；以及第五设置单元316，用于根据所述第二检测单元314实时检测到的所述LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率和/或所述其他系统的负载状态的变化速率动态设置所述信道监听子帧的周期。
其中，所述LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率与所述监听子帧的周期成反比例关系；所述其他系统的负载状态的变化速率与所述监听子帧的周期成反比例关系。
在该技术方案中，通过根据实时检测到的LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率和/或其他系统的负载状态的变化速率动态设置信道监听子帧的周期，使得信道监听子帧的周期能够更加符合LTE系统的工作状态。具体地，若LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率越大，则说明下行数据的传输量变化越大；若其他系统的负载状态的变化速率越大，则说明信道的状态变化较大，因此为了传输下行数据，需要间隔较短时间测量信道的状态，即需要设置信道监听子帧的周期越小。
信道监听子帧的周期在实际设置过程中，可以通过上述两种设置方式中的一种进行设置，也可以综合上述两种设置方式进行设置。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：第一判断单元318，用于判断是否需要处理下行业务；所述第一处理单元304具体用于，在所述第一判断单元318判定需要处理所述下行业务时，通过所述帧结构中的所述信道监听子帧周期性地检测所述下行信道的状态。
在该技术方案中，具体来说，基站在通过信道监听子帧检测下行信道的状态时，可以是在确定有下行业务时才进行的，当然也可以是不管有没有下行业务一直进行的。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：第二判断单元320，用于判断所述具有基站功能的设备与具有基站功能的其他设备是否归属于同一运营商；第二处理单元322，用于在所述第二判断单元320判定所述具有基站功能的设备与所述其他设备归属于同一运营商时，在同一载频上设置所述信道监听子帧在所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的位置与所述其他设备配置的所述信道监听子帧在所述其他设备的帧结构中的位置相同，以及在所述第二判断单元320判定所述具有基站功能的设备与所述其他设备归属于不同运营商时，在同一载频上设置所述信道监听子帧在所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的位置与所述其他设备配置的所述信道监听子帧在所述其他设备的帧结构中的位置不相同。
在该技术方案中，由于信道检测的目的是为了检测其它运营商的基站(也可以是 具有基站功能的设备，为了便于描述，以下以基站为例，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解的是本申请中所述的基站也可以是具有基站功能的其他设备)是否使用了LAA，以及Wi-Fi是否占用信道，因此对于同一运营商的基站，通过在同一载频上配置信道监听子帧在帧结构中的位置相同，使得能够避免归属于同一运营商的基站之间相互检测到信号而判定信道繁忙；而对于不同运营商的基站，则需要设置信道监听子帧在帧结构中的位置不同，以检测不同运营商的基站是否占用信道。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述第二处理单元322包括：第三判断单元3222，用于在所述第二判断单元320判定所述具有基站功能的设备与所述其他设备归属于不同运营商时，判断在所述同一载频上，所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构的配置方式与所述其他设备的帧结构的配置方式是否相同；第六设置单元3224，用于在所述第三判断单元3222判定在所述同一载频上，所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构的配置方式与所述其他设备的帧结构的配置方式相同时，设置所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的子帧与所述其他设备的帧结构中的子帧具有相对偏移量。
在该技术方案中，若不同运营商的基站的帧结构配置相同，则为了确保信道监听子帧在不同时间进行测量，则需要设置基站之间的子帧具有相对偏移量；当然，对于一个帧结构上有多个位置可以设置信道监听子帧时，当不用运营商的基站的帧结构配置相同时，可以令不同运营商的基站在帧结构的不同位置处设置帧结构。
本发明还提出了一种具有基站功能的设备(图中未示出)，包括：图3中所示的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统300。
以下结合图4至图7B详细说明书本发明的技术方案。
本发明的技术方案主要是非授权频段以TDD的方式被LTE系统使用时的干扰避让机制。其主要原理是设计一种用于下行信道测量的LBT机制和帧结构，主要介绍了LBT主体、LBT的时间和LBT的周期，以及如果信道空闲最大可传输的时间长度或者数据包大小。
首先介绍TDD的帧结构：
如图4所示为5ms下行到上行转换的TDD帧结构，对于5ms下行到上行转换的TDD帧结构，1个帧包含8个正常子帧和2个特殊子帧。而8个正常子帧的配置方式，即用于上行传输还是下行传输可以参考表1。而对于10ms下行到上行转换周期的TDD结构，1个帧包含9个正常子帧和一个特殊子帧，而9个正常子帧到底是用于上行传输还是下行传输也可以参考表1所示。其中，每个正常子帧又包含14个symbol(符号)。
Figure PCTCN2014087609-appb-000001
表1
当非授权频段以TDD模式被LTE系统使用时，检测下行信道是否被占用的信道工作由基站(也可以是具有基站功能的设备，为了便于描述，以下以基站为例，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解的是本申请中所述的基站也可以是具有基站功能的其他设备)来进行。
其中，LBT子帧(信道监听子帧)的设置位置有多种，以下列举其中的三种优选设置方式：
优选设置方式一：
LBT子帧放在后面紧接着是D(Downlink，下行)子帧的U(Uplink，上行)子帧内，具体地，如表2中所示的具有阴影的帧结构位置。
Figure PCTCN2014087609-appb-000002
表2
如果1个帧结构中给出了两个位置能够设置LBT检测子帧，那就是LBT重复周期为5ms时的情况。如果重复周期为10ms或者更大时，可以仅在帧结构中排在最前面的位置设置一个LBT检测子帧。
进一步地，LBT子帧可以放在U子帧的最后几个symbol。而LBT的检测时间长度可以是N1个symbol，N1＝1，2，3，……14。N1的值可以根据具体情况进行静态或半静态的配置。
此外，U子帧中的其它symbol继续用于上行传输。具体地，如图5所示，以TDD配置方式0为例给出用于LBT检测的U子帧的结构图，在4号子帧(即U子帧)中设置LBT子帧，LBT子帧位于4号子帧的后端。
优选设置方式二：
LBT子帧放在U子帧后的第一个D子帧内，如表3所示的具有阴影的帧结构位置。
Figure PCTCN2014087609-appb-000003
表3
如果1个帧结构中给出了两个位置能够设置LBT检测子帧，那就是LBT重复周期为5ms时的情况。如果重复周期为10ms或者更大时，可以仅在帧结构中排在最前面的位置设置一个LBT检测子帧。
进一步，LBT子帧是放在D子帧的最前面几个symbol。而LBT检测时间长度可以是N2个symbol，N2＝1，2，3，……14。N2的值可以根据具体情况进行静态或半静态的配置。
此外，D子帧中的其它symbol继续用于下行传输，包括传输PSS/SSS(Primary Synchronization Signal/Secondary Synchronization Signal，主同步信道/辅同步信号)，CRS(Cell-specific Reference Signal，小区参考信号)，CSI-RS(Channel State Information-Reference Signal，信道质量信息参考信号)，DS(Discovery Signal，发现信号)，PDCCH(Physical Downlink Control Channel，物理下行控制信道)，ePDCCH(enhanced Physical Downlink Control Channel，增强的物理下行控制信道)，PDSCH(Physical Downlink Shared Channel，物理下行共享信道)，WiFi类似的beacon signal(信标帧信号)以及UL(Uplink)grant，HARQ(Hybrid Automatic Repeat request，混合自动重传请求)反馈等。具体地，如图6所示，以TDD配置方式0为例给出用于LBT检测的D子帧的结构图，在0号子帧(即D子帧)中设置LBT子帧，LBT子帧位于0号子帧的前端。
优选设置方式三：
LBT子帧放在S(Special，特殊)子帧，如表4所示的具有阴影的帧结构位置。
Figure PCTCN2014087609-appb-000004
表4
如果1个帧结构中给出了两个位置能够设置LBT检测子帧，那就是LBT重复周期为5ms时的情况。如果重复周期为10ms或者更大时，可以仅在帧结构中排在最前面的位置设置一个LBT检测子帧。
进一步，S子帧包含DwPTS(Downlink Pilot Time Slot，下行导频时隙)、UpPTS(Uplink Pilot Time Slot，上行导频时隙)和GP(Guard Period，保护时间)，LBT time可以如图7A所示在GP和UpPTS之间放入LBT time；或者放在S子帧的最后面几个symbol，如图7B所示，在UpPTS之后放入LBT time。
以下说明在S子帧中LBT time所占用的时间：
如表5所示为36.211标准中给出的DwPTS、UpPTS的长度配置，而除去DwPTS和UpPTS之后，1ms剩下的时间就是GP的长度了。而这里为了在1ms内放入LBT time，只能缩短DwPTS、UpPTS和GP的时间长度之和，使其时间长度之和小于1ms，剩下的用于LBT time。
Figure PCTCN2014087609-appb-000005
表5
基本上来说，UpPTS的长度比较固定，为1个symbol或2个symbol，而DwPTS和GP的长度根据不同的小区半径有多种配置方式。为了保证LBT time，那么DwPTS只能使用较短的配置，GP也只能使用较短的配置。也就是说，表5中给出的DwPTS、UpPTS的配置中，DwPTS和UpPTS占用长度之和超过13个symbol的就不能被选用，因为GP至少占用1个symbol，而UpPTS最小是1个symbol，GP最小也是1个symbol，DwPTS最小是3个symbol，所以LBT检测时间长度最大是9个symbol，最小保证1个symbol。即LBT检测时间长度可以是N3个symbol，N3＝1，2，3，……9。N3的值可以根据具体情况进行静态或半静态的配置。
在上述的三种优选设置方式中，都不需要额外的D子帧到U子帧的保护时间；对于优选设置方式一，由于LBT子帧放在U子帧，没有改变该子帧的上行特性，没有占用D子帧，使得D子帧得以充分使用，同时放在后面紧接着是D子帧的U子帧，可以保证信道检测的时效性；对于优选设置方式二，由于LBT子帧放在D子帧，改变了该子帧的下行特性，但是没有额外占用U子帧去做下行LBT信道检测； 对于优选设置方式三，LBT子帧放置在S子帧，没有占用正常的U和D子帧，但是DwPTS和GP值的取值受限，但优点在于各种TDD上下行配置都使用#1号的S子帧进行LBT，这样即使邻小区用不同的TDD配置，因为LBT time相同，那么检测的还是外来的信号强度，不会因为检测到邻LTE小区的信号强度而判断信道忙。
同时，对于优选设置方式一和优选设置方式二，因为每个TDD上下行配置所用的LBT子帧不同步，如果邻小区使用不同的TDD配置，那么可能小区#1在做LBT时，小区#2在进行上行或下行传输，那么小区#1检测到信道忙，但实际上信道可以被小区#1占用。也就是说优选设置方式一和优选设置方式二不太适用于同一频道同一运营商用不同TDD上下行配置的场景，除非基站能区分出不同运营商或WiFi的信号。
此外，LBT的检测力度为1个symbol，也就是说每个symbol做一次LBT检测，并判断信道忙闲。而在LBT整个时间里，可能分多个symbol也就是多个step，只有每个step检测信道都是空闲，LBT时间结束后才能判断信道是空闲状态。
以下说明LBT的重复周期：
具体地，对于不同的上下行配置，LBT的重复周期可能不同，也可能相同：
对于LBT重复周期相同的情况：因为上下行转换的周期最大为10ms，而且从前面所分析的LBT time所在的子帧情况，得知有些上下行配置下，最小周期是10ms。所以如果要LBT的重复周期相同，那么重复周期是N4×10ms，N4为正整数。
对于LBT重复周期不同的情况：比如对于编号#2的TDD配置，重复周期是N5×5ms，N5＝1，2，，4，6，8……，因为每个5ms里有3个D子帧，还值得每5ms花费一次LBT的时间；而对于编号#3的TDD配置，重复周期是N6×10ms，N6＝1，2，3，4……，因为前面5ms只有1个D子帧，根本不值得去花费一次LBT的时间。表6给出每个配置的LBT的可能重复周期。
上下行配置编号 LBT的重复周期
0 10ms，20ms，30ms，……
1 5ms，10ms，20ms，30ms，……
2 5ms，10ms，20ms，30ms，……
3 10ms，20ms，30ms，……
4 5ms，10ms，20ms，30ms，……
5 5ms，10ms，20ms，30ms，……
6 10ms，20ms，30ms，……
表6
其中，LBT子帧所在的子帧位置，LBT子帧所占的symbol数，以及LBT子帧的重复周期可以是任意组合的关系。比如对于TDD上下行配置方式2来说，LBT可以放在U子帧，D子帧或者S子帧；最小周期可以是5ms或者10ms；LBT所占用的symbol也可以有多个可选值。
由上所述，LBT的重复周期由LBT检测子帧和其它子帧组成，其它子帧中的D子帧的个数就是每次LBT检测信道空闲后可占用的最大下行信道传输时间。若LBT检测子帧判断出信道空闲，则其它D子帧可以用于下行发送；否则，其它子帧不能用于下行发送。也就是说LBT的重复周期限制了LBT检测到信道空闲时，可用于下行 发送的最大时间。如TDD上下行配置方式2，当LBT在1号S子帧进行时，LBT检测重复周期为5ms时，那么最大可占用的下行传输子帧是3号、4号、5号D子帧，5号D子帧之后，可能需要在6号S子帧再次进行LBT检测。
以下说明相同和不同运营商的基站中的LBT配置方式：
对于同一个运营商的所有基站：在使用非授权频段时，在同一载频上做LBT的时间相同。因为LBT主要是为了检测其它运营商在该载频上是否使用LAA或者是否有Wi-Fi系统使用，而同一运营商的基站之间可以同时使用非授权频段，因此同一运营商的基站在相同时间做LBT相当于同一运营商的基站都不发信号，只监听外来信号强度。
具体地，当同一载频上的TDD上下行配置一样时，不管是在以上所述的U子帧、D子帧还是S子帧做LBT，都能够满足所有基站在同一时间进行LBT；
当同一载频上的TDD上下行配置不一样时，为了满足同一运营商的基站之间做LBT的时间相同，那么只能在S子帧做LBT。
对于不同运营商的基站：在使用非授权频段时，在同一载频上做LBT的时间不相同。也就是说，A运营商在做LBT而不发信号时，B运营商不是在做LBT而是可能在发信号，这样正好能检测B运营商是否占用信道。
具体地，对于同一载频上不同运营商的基站，若TDD上下行配置不一样时，则LBT在以上所说的U子帧或D子帧进行且LBT在子帧中的位置不同，就可以满足时间不一样。
对于同一载频上不同运营商的基站，若TDD上下行配置一样时，为了满足LBT在不同时间进行，那么不同运营商的子帧偏移量需要取不同值，即不同运营商的子帧结构中的子帧需要设置有相对的偏移量。
此外，基站的LBT测量可以是不管有没有下行业务，都基于周期进行的；也可以是只有等有业务的时候才基于周期进行。
本发明上述的通过设计基站下行LBT检测的机制，使得LTE使用非授权频段时，也会提前监听是否有Wi-Fi设备或其他系统使用信道，若有，则不占用信道，进而能够确保LTE系统在非授权频段与现有接入技术如Wi-Fi和平共存。
以上结合附图详细说明了本发明的技术方案，本发明提出了一种新的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方案，能够确保LTE系统在非授权频段正常工作的前提下，避免LTE系统在非授权频段工作时对其他系统产生较大的干扰，实现了LTE系统与其他系统在非授权频段的和平共存。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (39)

  1. 一种LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，适用于具有基站功能的设备，其特征在于，包括：
    在所述时分双工模式的帧结构中设置用于周期性检测下行信道状态的信道监听子帧；
    在任一周期内，若所述信道监听子帧检测到所述下行信道处于空闲状态，则通过所述帧结构中处于所述任一周期内的下行子帧发送下行数据，否则，在所述任一周期内不发送下行数据。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，其特征在于，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述帧结构中的至少一个子帧内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，其特征在于，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述帧结构中与下行子帧相邻的上行子帧内。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，其特征在于，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述上行子帧的后端，且占用第一预定数量个符号，
    其中，所述第一预定数量处于1至14之间。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，其特征在于，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述帧结构中与上行子帧相邻的下行子帧内。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，其特征在于，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述下行子帧的前端，且占用第二预定数量个符号，
    其中，所述第二预定数量处于1至14之间。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，其特征在于，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述帧结构中的特殊子帧内。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，其特征在于，所述信道监听子帧设置在所述特殊子帧中与上行导频时隙相邻的位置，且占用第三预定数量个符号，
    其中，所述第三预定数量处于1至9之间。
  9. 根据权利要求4、6或8所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，其特征在于，若所述信道监听子帧在所占用的每个符号内均检测到所述下行信道处于空闲状态，则确定所述下行信道处于空闲状态，否则，确定所述下行信道处于非空闲状态。
  10. 根据权利要求4、6或8所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在所述LTE系统的工作过程中，所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量为固定值；或
    在所述LTE系统的工作过程中，实时检测所述LTE系统周围使用所述非授权频段的其他系统的信道条件的变化速率，并根据实时检测到的所述其他系统的信道条件的变化速率和/或所述具有基站功能的设备的信道检测能力，动态设置所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，其特征在于，
    所述其他系统的信道条件的变化速率与所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成正比例关系；
    所述具有基站功能的设备的信道检测能力与所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成反比例关系。
  12. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    根据所述帧结构中每个转换点周期内包含的下行子帧数量设置所述信道监听子帧的周期。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，其特征在于，
    所述帧结构的子帧配置方式中的配置方式0、配置方式3和配置方式 6中的所述信道监听子帧的周期为：M×10ms，其中M为正整数；
    所述帧结构的子帧配置方式中的配置方式1、配置方式2、配置方式4和配置方式5中的所述信道监听子帧的周期为：N×5ms，其中N为1或正偶数。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    若所述帧结构中具有多个位置可设置所述信道监听子帧，且所述信道监听子帧的周期为M×10ms，则选择所述多个位置中的第一个位置设置所述信道监听子帧。
  15. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在所述LTE系统的工作过程中，实时检测所述LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率和所述LTE系统周围使用所述非授权频段的其他系统的负载状态的变化速率，并根据实时检测到的所述LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率和/或所述其他系统的负载状态的变化速率动态设置所述信道监听子帧的周期。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，其特征在于，
    所述LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率与所述监听子帧的周期成反比例关系；
    所述其他系统的负载状态的变化速率与所述监听子帧的周期成反比例关系。
  17. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    判断是否需要处理下行业务，若是，则通过所述帧结构中的所述信道监听子帧周期性地检测所述下行信道的状态。
  18. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    判断与具有基站功能的其他设备是否归属于同一运营商；
    若判定与所述其他设备归属于同一运营商，则在同一载频上设置所述信道监听子帧在所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的位置与所述其他设备配置的所述信道监听子帧在所述其他设备的帧结构中的位置相同；
    若判定与所述其他设备归属于不同运营商，则在同一载频上设置所述信道监听子帧在所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的位置与所述其他设备配置的所述信道监听子帧在所述其他设备的帧结构中的位置不相同。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输方法，其特征在于，在同一载频上设置所述信道监听子帧在所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的位置与所述其他设备配置的所述信道监听子帧在所述其他设备的帧结构中的位置不相同的步骤具体为：
    判断在所述同一载频上，所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构的配置方式与所述其他设备基站的帧结构的配置方式是否相同，若是，则设置所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的子帧与所述其他设备基站的帧结构中的子帧具有相对偏移量。
  20. 一种LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，适用于具有基站功能的设备，其特征在于，包括：
    第一设置单元，用于在所述时分双工模式的帧结构中设置用于周期性检测下行信道状态的信道监听子帧；
    第一处理单元，用于在任一周期内，若所述信道监听子帧检测到所述下行信道处于空闲状态，则通过所述帧结构中处于所述任一周期内的下行子帧发送下行数据，否则，在所述任一周期内不发送下行数据。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，其特征在于，所述第一设置单元具体用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述帧结构中的至少一个子帧内。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，其特征在于，所述第一设置单元具体用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述帧结构中与下行子帧相邻的上行子帧内。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模 式工作时的数据传输系统，其特征在于，所述第一设置单元具体还用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述上行子帧的后端，且占用第一预定数量个符号，其中，所述第一预定数量处于1至14之间。
  24. 根据权利要求21所述LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，其特征在于，所述第一设置单元具体用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述帧结构中与上行子帧相邻的下行子帧内。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，其特征在于，所述第一设置单元具体还用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述下行子帧的前端，且占用第二预定数量个符号，其中，所述第二预定数量处于1至14之间。
  26. 根据权利要求21所述LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，其特征在于，所述第一设置单元具体用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述帧结构中的特殊子帧内。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，其特征在于，所述第一设置单元具体还用于，设置所述信道监听子帧在所述特殊子帧中与上行导频时隙相邻的位置，且占用第三预定数量个符号，其中，所述第三预定数量处于1至9之间。
  28. 根据权利要求23、25或27所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，其特征在于，所述第一处理单元包括：
    确定单元，用于当所述信道监听子帧在所占用的每个符号内均检测到所述下行信道处于空闲状态时，确定所述下行信道处于空闲状态，否则，确定所述下行信道处于非空闲状态。
  29. 根据权利要求23、25或27所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    第二设置单元，用于在所述LTE系统的工作过程中，设置所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量为固定值；或
    第一检测单元，用于在所述LTE系统的工作过程中，实时检测所述LTE系统的周围使用所述非授权频段的其他系统的信道条件的变化速率； 以及
    第三设置单元，用于根据所述第一检测单元实时检测到的所述其他系统的信道条件的变化速率和/或所述具有基站功能的设备的信道检测能力动态设置所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，其特征在于，
    所述其他系统的信道条件的变化速率与所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成正比例关系；
    所述具有基站功能的设备的信道检测能力与所述信道监听子帧所占用的符号数量成反比例关系。
  31. 根据权利要求20至27中任一项所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    第四设置单元，用于根据所述帧结构中每个转换点周期内包含的下行子帧数量设置所述信道监听子帧的周期。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，其特征在于，所述第四设置单元具体用于：
    设置所述帧结构的子帧配置方式中的配置方式0、配置方式3和配置方式6中的所述信道监听子帧的周期为：M×10ms，其中M为正整数，以及
    设置所述帧结构的子帧配置方式中的配置方式1、配置方式2、配置方式4和配置方式5中的所述信道监听子帧的周期为：N×5ms，其中N为1或正偶数。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，其特征在于，所述第一设置单元具体还用于：
    在所述帧结构中具有多个位置可设置所述信道监听子帧，且所述信道监听子帧的周期为M×10ms时，选择所述多个位置中的第一个位置设置所述信道监听子帧。
  34. 根据权利要求20至27中任一项所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    第二检测单元，用于在所述LTE系统的工作过程中，实时检测所述LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率和所述LTE系统周围使用所述非授权频段的其他系统的负载状态的变化速率；以及
    第五设置单元，用于根据所述第二检测单元实时检测到的所述LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率和/或所述其他系统的负载状态的变化速率动态设置所述信道监听子帧的周期。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，其特征在于，
    所述LTE系统的负载状态的变化速率与所述监听子帧的周期成反比例关系；
    所述其他系统的负载状态的变化速率与所述监听子帧的周期成反比例关系。
  36. 根据权利要求20至27中任一项所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    第一判断单元，用于判断是否需要处理下行业务；
    所述第一处理单元具体用于，在所述第一判断单元判定需要处理所述下行业务时，通过所述帧结构中的所述信道监听子帧周期性地检测所述下行信道的状态。
  37. 根据权利要求20至27中任一项所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    第二判断单元，用于判断所述具有基站功能的设备与具有基站功能的其他设备是否归属于同一运营商；
    第二处理单元，用于在所述第二判断单元判定所述具有基站功能的设备与所述其他设备归属于同一运营商时，在同一载频上设置所述信道监听子帧在所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的位置与所述其他设备配置的所述信道监听子帧在所述其他设备的帧结构中的位置相同，以及
    在所述第二判断单元判定所述具有基站功能的设备与所述其他设备归属于不同运营商时，在同一载频上设置所述信道监听子帧在所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的位置与所述其他设备配置的所述信道监听子帧在 所述其他设备的帧结构中的位置不相同。
  38. 根据权利要求37所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统，其特征在于，所述第二处理单元包括：
    第三判断单元，用于在所述第二判断单元判定所述具有基站功能的设备与所述其他设备归属于不同运营商时，判断在所述同一载频上，所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构的配置方式与所述其他设备的帧结构的配置方式是否相同；
    第六设置单元，用于在所述第三判断单元判定在所述同一载频上，所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构的配置方式与所述其他设备的帧结构的配置方式相同时，设置所述具有基站功能的设备的帧结构中的子帧与所述其他设备的帧结构中的子帧具有相对偏移量。
  39. 一种具有基站功能的设备，其特征在于，包括：如权利要求20至38中任一项所述的LTE系统在非授权频段采用时分双工模式工作时的数据传输系统。
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