WO2016044867A1 - Orbital machine and combinations based thereon - Google Patents

Orbital machine and combinations based thereon Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016044867A1
WO2016044867A1 PCT/AM2015/000003 AM2015000003W WO2016044867A1 WO 2016044867 A1 WO2016044867 A1 WO 2016044867A1 AM 2015000003 W AM2015000003 W AM 2015000003W WO 2016044867 A1 WO2016044867 A1 WO 2016044867A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dampers
machine
piston
rotor
machines
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PCT/AM2015/000003
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Norayr YENGIBARYAN
Bagrat YENGIBARYAN
Original Assignee
Yengibaryan Norayr
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Publication of WO2016044867A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016044867A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/30—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C2/34—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C2/344—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C2/3448—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member with axially movable vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/30—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F01C1/34—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F01C1/344—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F01C1/3448—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member with axially movable vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/30—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F01C1/34—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F01C1/356—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member
    • F01C1/3568—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member with axially movable vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/344—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C18/3448—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member with axially movable vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/30—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C2/34—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C2/356—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member
    • F04C2/3568—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member with axially movable vanes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to rotor machines where the rotor makes continuous orbital rotation inside a toroid-shaped chamber. It may be used as a pump, a hydraulic motor or a compressor.
  • Piston pumps stand primarily out from centrifugal pumps for:
  • dispenser function enabling to measure and control the quantity of the fluid supplied.
  • Piston pumps disadvantages over centrifugal pumps are as follows:
  • the closest analogue of the suggested solution is an orbital engine, which contains a hollow body with its underbody (bottom) and a cover, a drive shaft and a rotor attached thereto placed coaxially in the body cavity, toroid-shaped piston chamber placed coaxially between the outer walls of the rotor and the inner walls of the body, at least one piston with allowable orbiting in the piston chamber, dampers of the piston chamber made in the form of flat plates that can move along the radial slots in the body and arranged (placed) proportionally to the chamber axis, actuating medium (fluid) inlets and outlets that have a window to the piston chamber, as well as a unified steering mechanism for the dampers position control (US8151759, FOlCl/00, 2012):
  • dampers of the piston chamber in the design of this engine make rotative motions, as a result of which the design gets lateral projections of considerable sizes and hence loses compactness.
  • dampers position control mechanism which is made in a form of belt transmission connecting the dampers driving mechanisms, which oftentimes causes failures.
  • Another object of the invention is to ensure the machine's inversibility: in case of transmitting torque to the drive shaft it is transformed into working medium (actuating fluid) pressure in output, and vice versa, in case of compressed working medium (actuating fluid) in the input of the machine it is transformed into torque to the drive shaft in output.
  • the machine can be used as a pump (compressor) or a hydraulic motor.
  • Another object of the invention is to simplify the design.
  • a further object of the invention is to ensure combinations from similar machines having one integral steering unit (mechanism) and one shaft line.
  • the essence of the invention is that in the orbital machine, which contains a hollow body with its underbody (bottom) and a cover, a drive shaft and a rotor attached thereto placed coaxially in the body cavity, toroid-shaped piston chamber placed coaxially between the outer walls of the rotor and the inner walls of the body, at least one piston with allowable orbiting in the piston chamber, dampers of the piston chamber made in the form of flat plates that can move along the radial slots in the body and arranged (placed) proportionally to the chamber axis, actuating medium (actuating fluid) inlets and outlets that have a window to the piston chamber, as well as a unified steering mechanism to control the dampers position, according to the invention, the rotor is made (designed) as a drum; each piston is designed in the form of a projection on the drum external surface; there is an inlet and an outlet window corresponding to each piston, the windows are arranged at different sides of the piston, the dampers are capable of reciprocating motion in a direction parallel to that of
  • the dampers position control mechanism is made in a form of drum-type spatial cam mechanism, the control drum of which is cylindrical and is coaxially attached to the drive shaft; the cam is designed as a closed groove on the cylindrical surface of the control drum; the pushers are connected to the dampers by rods that are parallel to the body axis.
  • the cam lobe is designed in a way that any inlet or outlet window of the piston chamber in any position of the rotor is made isolated from other windows of the piston chamber - by piston on one side and by the damper - on the other side.
  • the rotor's drum is cylindrical and each front of it has coaxiacal cylindrical groove (recess), the grooves (recesses) form an inlet chamber, and the inlet and outlet windows of the piston chamber are designed on the lateral (side) walls of the grooves (recesses) of the rotor drum.
  • the essence of the invention is also that the dampers of the piston chamber are deviated at an angle of 180°/n degree to one another, where n is the number of rotors.
  • the nature of the invention is also that the machine has two diametrically arranged rotors and four dampers of the piston chamber which are deviated at an angle of 90 degrees to one another.
  • the nature of the invention is also that in case of provision of compressed working medium (actuating fluid) in the input of the device, the working medium (actuating fluid) pressure is transformed into torque to the drive shaft (enabling operation in motor mode).
  • the essence of the invention is also that the dampers of the machines being combined in the orbital machine, which has similar orbital machines on the common (shared) drive shaft, according to the invention, are linked to each other by rods and to one unified steering mechanism for the dampers position control.
  • the essence of the invention is also that the combined machine consists of two machines; the machines are placed on the drive shaft on both sides of the steering mechanism; the lateral (side) wall of the rotor' s outlet chamber of the one of the machines is extended, and the control drum of the steering mechanism is seated on this extended wall.
  • the essence of the invention is also that the combined machine consists of two machines; the machines are placed on the drive shaft in series - on one side of the steering mechanism, and the drive shaft is hollow in the junction of the rotors of the machines and has a lateral (side) window to the outlet chamber of each machine.
  • the nature of the invention is also that in case of provision of compressed working medium (actuating fluid) in the input of the combined machine, the working medium (actuating fluid) pressure is transformed into torque to the drive shaft (enabling operation in motor mode).
  • Fig. 1 is the machine serving as a basis for all embodiments of the invention in longitudinal cross section, and Fig. 2 is its section A-A.
  • Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are the machine's sections B-B and C-C accordingly.
  • Fig. 5 is the body of the machine in longitudinal cross section
  • Fig. 6 is its general view.
  • Fig. 7 is the rotor of the machine in three projections, and Fig. 8 is its general view.
  • Fig. 9 is a junction point of the damper, pusher and the rod connecting them, in two projections, and Fig. 10 is its general view.
  • Fig. 1 1 is a control drum in three projections, and Fig. 12 is its general view.
  • Fig. 13 is a general view of the machine in the positions of the elements distant/apart from each others.
  • Fig. 14 is the combined embodiment of the invention, where the arrangement of the machines towards the steering mechanism is double-ended.
  • Fig. 15 is the junction point of the dampers of the double-ended combined embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 16 is the general view of double-ended combined embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 17 is the combined embodiment of the invention where the arrangement of the machines towards the steering mechanism is single-ended.
  • Fig. 18 is the junction point of the dampers of the single-ended combined embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 19 is the general view of single-ended combined embodiment of the invention. Modes for Carrying out of the Invention
  • the suggested orbital machine contains a hollow body (1) with its underbody (bottom) (2) and a cover (3), a drive shaft (4) and a drum-shaped rotor attached thereto (5) placed coaxially in the body cavity.
  • the piston chamber (6) occupies the toroid-shaped volume between the outer wall of the rotor (5) and the inner wall of the body (7).
  • the pistons (8) are attached to the rotor and can have allowable orbiting in the piston chamber.
  • the dampers of the piston chamber (9) are made in the form of flat plates that can move along the radial slots (10) in the body.
  • the slots (10) in the body are arranged (placed) proportionally to the chamber axis.
  • the actuating medium (fluid, gas) inlets (11) and outlets (12) have respective windows ((13) and (14)) to the piston chamber.
  • the dampers position control mechanism is made in a form of drum-type spatial cam mechanism and is comprised of the control drum (15), the pusher (16) and the rod (17) connecting the pusher with the damper.
  • the rotor's (5) drum is cylindrical and each front of it has coaxiacal cylindrical groove (recesses) ((18) and (19)), which form inlet and outlet chambers accordingly with their inlet and outlet walls ((20) and (21)).
  • the inlet and outlet windows (( 13) and (14)) are arranged (placed) on the lateral (side) walls ((20) and (21)) of the respective groove (recess) (Fig. 3, 4 and 7, 8).
  • the piston chamber (6) has a predominately rectangular cross-section; however sections with other outlines are also possible.
  • the piston (8) is designed as attached to the external surface (lateral surface) of the drum of the rotor (5) or in the form of a solid projection thereon, the cross- section of which corresponds to the cross-section of the piston chamber.
  • the piston section in the vertical plane to the rotor rotation axis is shown in Fig. 2 in sectoral mould; however it may have other moulds as well, for example, with parallel walls.
  • the number of pistons is to be at least one, preferably two, however depending on the required parameters (design objectives) of the machine it may be more.
  • Each piston has a corresponding inlet window (13) and outlet window (14) on the external surface (lateral surface) of the rotor at different sides of the piston arranged as close to the lateral walls of the piston as possible (Fig. 7 and 8).
  • the dampers (9) are designed with the slots (10) capable of reciprocating motion in a direction parallel to that of the piston chamber axis.
  • Their number is equal to double the number of the pistons, i.e. the angle between the dampers, and therefore between the slots, is equal to 360°/2n (180°/n), where n is the number of pistons.
  • the machine has two chambers, which are deviated at an angle of diametrically arranged pistons and four dampers of the piston 90 degrees to one another (Fig. 2).
  • the control drum (15) of the dampers position control mechanism is cylindrical and is coaxially attached to the drive shaft (4).
  • the cam (22) is designed as a closed groove on the cylindrical surface of the control drum (1 ) (Fig. 3, 4 and 1 1 , 12).
  • the pushers (16) are connected to the dampers (9) by rods (17) that are parallel to the body axis (Fig. 1 , 9, 10).
  • the pushers (16) in the drawings are conditionally depicted as plain spigots; however they may be equipped with a roller or bearing.
  • the cam lobe is designed in a way that any inlet (13) or outlet (14) window of the piston chamber in any position of the rotor is made isolated from other windows of the piston chamber - by piston on one side and by the damper - on the other side.
  • the device has (is contained in) a whole case (23) (Fig. 1 , 2, and 13), the inner wall of which carries longitudinal grooves in a number equal to the number of the rods, and the grooves are guiding for the rods.
  • the device operates in a pump (compressor) mode as follows: in case of transmitting torque from the external driving gear (shaft line) to the drive shaft (4), it rotates the rotor with its pistons and the control drum (the direction of the rotation is indicated in Fig. 2 by the arrow).
  • the inlet window (13) and the outlet window (14) do not communicate: each of them is isolated by the damper on one side, and by the piston - on the other side.
  • the inlet and outlet windows do not have any valves; they are in constant operation and the machine does not go into idle cycles, which increases its efficiency.
  • the inlet and outlet elements are swapped places: all inlets and inlet windows work in outlet mode, whereas the outlets and outlet windows work in inlet mode (reversibility).
  • the machine has inversibility and can operate as an engine: in case of working medium (actuating fluid) pressure in input, it is transformed into torque to the drive shaft in output in the same chain order as mentioned above.
  • working medium actuating fluid
  • the closest analogue of the suggested solution is an orbital engine, each machine of which has its unified steering mechanism for the dampers position control (US7059294, F01 C3/02, 2005). Multiple repetition of the steering mechanism makes the structure complicated (sophisticated) and lowers its efficiency.
  • the combined machine consists of two machines, which are placed on the drive shaft on both sides of the steering mechanism (Fig. 14, 15 and 16).
  • the lateral (side) wall (21) of the rotor's (5) outlet chamber (19) of the lower machine is extended, and the control drum (15) of the steering mechanism is seated on this extended wall (21 ).
  • the link between the drum (15) and the drive shaft (4) is not direct, but ensured by the rotor (5).
  • the dampers (9) of the machines are linked to each other by the rods (17), and the pushers (16) are placed (located) in the central part of the rods (Fig. 15).
  • the inlets ((1 1 ) and (1 1a)) of the machines are separate, whereas the outlet (12) is general (shared).
  • the combined machine consists of two machines, which are placed on the drive shaft in series - on one side of the steering mechanism (Fig. 17, 18 and 19).
  • the drive shaft (4) is hollow in the junction of the rotors of the machines and its cavity (24) has a communicating lateral (side) window ((25) and (26)) with the inlet chamber of each machine.
  • the dampers (9) of the machines are linked with each other in series by the rods (17), and the pushers (16) are placed at the end of the rods (Fig. 18).
  • the machines' inlet (1 1) is separate, whereas the outlets ((12) and (12a)) are general (shared).
  • the combined machine has inversibility and thus can operate as an engine: in case of working medium (actuating fluid) pressure in input, it is transformed into torque to the drive shaft in output.
  • working medium actuating fluid
  • the suggested structure has a number of advantages over the known solutions:
  • a. inversibility the machine can operate both in a pump (compressor) or a motor mode, the transition from one mode to another is made by simple action;
  • the dampers perform reciprocating motion, thus reducing the dimensions of the machine
  • the speed of the exhaust water outflow is low, which means that the energy of the exhaust water is low and the efficiency is equal to 1.

Abstract

The invention relates to rotor machines where the rotor makes uniform orbital rotation inside a toroid-shaped chamber. It may be used as a pump, compressor, etc. The orbital machine contains a hollow body (1), a drive shaft (4) and a rotor (5) rigidly attached thereto, a toroid-shaped piston chamber (6), pistons (8), dampers (9) in the form of flat plates that can move along radial slots (10) in the body (1) as well as a unified spatial cam for control of the dampers position. The rotor (5) is designed in the form of a drum; each piston (8) is designed in the form of a projection on the drum external surface; there is an inlet (13) and an outlet (14) window corresponding to each piston (8). The dampers (9) are capable of reciprocating motion; their number is equal to double the number of pistons. The pushers (16) are connected to the dampers (9) by rods (17). Various combinations are possible based on the machine.

Description

Orbital machine and combinations based thereon
Technical Field
The invention relates to rotor machines where the rotor makes continuous orbital rotation inside a toroid-shaped chamber. It may be used as a pump, a hydraulic motor or a compressor.
Background Art
Piston pumps stand primarily out from centrifugal pumps for:
a. higher efficiency
b. unaffectedness by pressure
c. ability to establish and maintain higher pressures,
d. dispenser function enabling to measure and control the quantity of the fluid supplied. Piston pumps disadvantages over centrifugal pumps are as follows:
a. more complicated structure;
b. less speed work;
c. bigger sizes and mass, less compactness.
This is to suggest an orbital machine that combines advantages of traditional pumps and significantly offsets their disadvantages.
There were numerous attempts of creating orbital machines that faced the problem of failures troubleshooting (US5645027, FOlCl/077, 1997; WO0212679, F01C3/02, 2002; US6672274, FOlCl/20, 2003; US7305963, FOlCl/08, 2006; US7793646, FOl C l/00, 2010), which however had rather complicated (sophisticated) structure and low efficiency.
According to the structure, the closest analogue of the suggested solution is an orbital engine, which contains a hollow body with its underbody (bottom) and a cover, a drive shaft and a rotor attached thereto placed coaxially in the body cavity, toroid-shaped piston chamber placed coaxially between the outer walls of the rotor and the inner walls of the body, at least one piston with allowable orbiting in the piston chamber, dampers of the piston chamber made in the form of flat plates that can move along the radial slots in the body and arranged (placed) proportionally to the chamber axis, actuating medium (fluid) inlets and outlets that have a window to the piston chamber, as well as a unified steering mechanism for the dampers position control (US8151759, FOlCl/00, 2012):
The dampers of the piston chamber in the design of this engine make rotative motions, as a result of which the design gets lateral projections of considerable sizes and hence loses compactness. Of the same degree of complexity is the dampers position control mechanism, which is made in a form of belt transmission connecting the dampers driving mechanisms, which oftentimes causes failures.
Disclosure of Invention
The machine design suggests that during operation it goes through idling cycles which results in loss of efficiency; whereas the invention is aimed at efficiency increase.
Another object of the invention is to ensure the machine's inversibility: in case of transmitting torque to the drive shaft it is transformed into working medium (actuating fluid) pressure in output, and vice versa, in case of compressed working medium (actuating fluid) in the input of the machine it is transformed into torque to the drive shaft in output.
This means that the machine can be used as a pump (compressor) or a hydraulic motor.
Another object of the invention is to simplify the design.
A further object of the invention is to ensure combinations from similar machines having one integral steering unit (mechanism) and one shaft line.
The essence of the invention is that in the orbital machine, which contains a hollow body with its underbody (bottom) and a cover, a drive shaft and a rotor attached thereto placed coaxially in the body cavity, toroid-shaped piston chamber placed coaxially between the outer walls of the rotor and the inner walls of the body, at least one piston with allowable orbiting in the piston chamber, dampers of the piston chamber made in the form of flat plates that can move along the radial slots in the body and arranged (placed) proportionally to the chamber axis, actuating medium (actuating fluid) inlets and outlets that have a window to the piston chamber, as well as a unified steering mechanism to control the dampers position, according to the invention, the rotor is made (designed) as a drum; each piston is designed in the form of a projection on the drum external surface; there is an inlet and an outlet window corresponding to each piston, the windows are arranged at different sides of the piston, the dampers are capable of reciprocating motion in a direction parallel to that of the piston chamber axis, their number is equal to double the number of the pistons.
The dampers position control mechanism is made in a form of drum-type spatial cam mechanism, the control drum of which is cylindrical and is coaxially attached to the drive shaft; the cam is designed as a closed groove on the cylindrical surface of the control drum; the pushers are connected to the dampers by rods that are parallel to the body axis.
The cam lobe is designed in a way that any inlet or outlet window of the piston chamber in any position of the rotor is made isolated from other windows of the piston chamber - by piston on one side and by the damper - on the other side.
The essence of the invention is also that the rotor's drum is cylindrical and each front of it has coaxiacal cylindrical groove (recess), the grooves (recesses) form an inlet chamber, and the inlet and outlet windows of the piston chamber are designed on the lateral (side) walls of the grooves (recesses) of the rotor drum.
The essence of the invention is also that the dampers of the piston chamber are deviated at an angle of 180°/n degree to one another, where n is the number of rotors.
The nature of the invention is also that the machine has two diametrically arranged rotors and four dampers of the piston chamber which are deviated at an angle of 90 degrees to one another. The nature of the invention is also that in case of provision of compressed working medium (actuating fluid) in the input of the device, the working medium (actuating fluid) pressure is transformed into torque to the drive shaft (enabling operation in motor mode).
The essence of the invention is also that the dampers of the machines being combined in the orbital machine, which has similar orbital machines on the common (shared) drive shaft, according to the invention, are linked to each other by rods and to one unified steering mechanism for the dampers position control.
The essence of the invention is also that the combined machine consists of two machines; the machines are placed on the drive shaft on both sides of the steering mechanism; the lateral (side) wall of the rotor' s outlet chamber of the one of the machines is extended, and the control drum of the steering mechanism is seated on this extended wall.
The essence of the invention is also that the combined machine consists of two machines; the machines are placed on the drive shaft in series - on one side of the steering mechanism, and the drive shaft is hollow in the junction of the rotors of the machines and has a lateral (side) window to the outlet chamber of each machine.
The nature of the invention is also that in case of provision of compressed working medium (actuating fluid) in the input of the combined machine, the working medium (actuating fluid) pressure is transformed into torque to the drive shaft (enabling operation in motor mode).
Brief Description of Drawings
The description that follows is given with reference to the drawings that are herein accompanied, in which:
Fig. 1 is the machine serving as a basis for all embodiments of the invention in longitudinal cross section, and Fig. 2 is its section A-A.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are the machine's sections B-B and C-C accordingly.
Fig. 5 is the body of the machine in longitudinal cross section, and Fig. 6 is its general view.
Fig. 7 is the rotor of the machine in three projections, and Fig. 8 is its general view.
Fig. 9 is a junction point of the damper, pusher and the rod connecting them, in two projections, and Fig. 10 is its general view.
Fig. 1 1 is a control drum in three projections, and Fig. 12 is its general view.
Fig. 13 is a general view of the machine in the positions of the elements distant/apart from each others.
Fig. 14 is the combined embodiment of the invention, where the arrangement of the machines towards the steering mechanism is double-ended.
Fig. 15 is the junction point of the dampers of the double-ended combined embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 16 is the general view of double-ended combined embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 17 is the combined embodiment of the invention where the arrangement of the machines towards the steering mechanism is single-ended.
Fig. 18 is the junction point of the dampers of the single-ended combined embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 19 is the general view of single-ended combined embodiment of the invention. Modes for Carrying out of the Invention
The suggested orbital machine contains a hollow body (1) with its underbody (bottom) (2) and a cover (3), a drive shaft (4) and a drum-shaped rotor attached thereto (5) placed coaxially in the body cavity. The piston chamber (6) occupies the toroid-shaped volume between the outer wall of the rotor (5) and the inner wall of the body (7). The pistons (8) are attached to the rotor and can have allowable orbiting in the piston chamber. The dampers of the piston chamber (9) are made in the form of flat plates that can move along the radial slots (10) in the body.
The slots (10) in the body are arranged (placed) proportionally to the chamber axis. The actuating medium (fluid, gas) inlets (11) and outlets (12) have respective windows ((13) and (14)) to the piston chamber.
The dampers position control mechanism is made in a form of drum-type spatial cam mechanism and is comprised of the control drum (15), the pusher (16) and the rod (17) connecting the pusher with the damper.
In the embodiment of the invention the rotor's (5) drum is cylindrical and each front of it has coaxiacal cylindrical groove (recesses) ((18) and (19)), which form inlet and outlet chambers accordingly with their inlet and outlet walls ((20) and (21)). The inlet and outlet windows (( 13) and (14)) are arranged (placed) on the lateral (side) walls ((20) and (21)) of the respective groove (recess) (Fig. 3, 4 and 7, 8).
The piston chamber (6) has a predominately rectangular cross-section; however sections with other outlines are also possible. The piston (8) is designed as attached to the external surface (lateral surface) of the drum of the rotor (5) or in the form of a solid projection thereon, the cross- section of which corresponds to the cross-section of the piston chamber. The piston section in the vertical plane to the rotor rotation axis is shown in Fig. 2 in sectoral mould; however it may have other moulds as well, for example, with parallel walls. The number of pistons is to be at least one, preferably two, however depending on the required parameters (design objectives) of the machine it may be more. Each piston has a corresponding inlet window (13) and outlet window (14) on the external surface (lateral surface) of the rotor at different sides of the piston arranged as close to the lateral walls of the piston as possible (Fig. 7 and 8).
The dampers (9) are designed with the slots (10) capable of reciprocating motion in a direction parallel to that of the piston chamber axis. Their number is equal to double the number of the pistons, i.e. the angle between the dampers, and therefore between the slots, is equal to 360°/2n (180°/n), where n is the number of pistons. In the preferred embodiment the machine has two chambers, which are deviated at an angle of diametrically arranged pistons and four dampers of the piston 90 degrees to one another (Fig. 2).
The control drum (15) of the dampers position control mechanism is cylindrical and is coaxially attached to the drive shaft (4). The cam (22) is designed as a closed groove on the cylindrical surface of the control drum (1 ) (Fig. 3, 4 and 1 1 , 12). The pushers (16) are connected to the dampers (9) by rods (17) that are parallel to the body axis (Fig. 1 , 9, 10). The pushers (16) in the drawings are conditionally depicted as plain spigots; however they may be equipped with a roller or bearing. The cam lobe is designed in a way that any inlet (13) or outlet (14) window of the piston chamber in any position of the rotor is made isolated from other windows of the piston chamber - by piston on one side and by the damper - on the other side.
The device has (is contained in) a whole case (23) (Fig. 1 , 2, and 13), the inner wall of which carries longitudinal grooves in a number equal to the number of the rods, and the grooves are guiding for the rods.
The device operates in a pump (compressor) mode as follows: in case of transmitting torque from the external driving gear (shaft line) to the drive shaft (4), it rotates the rotor with its pistons and the control drum (the direction of the rotation is indicated in Fig. 2 by the arrow).
The two of the dampers shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are retracted (the pistons overpass them), and the other two are raised, i.e. the piston chamber is divided into four sections (1 - IV), each of which is isolated from others by the damper on one side, and by the piston - on the other side. In sections I and III the actuating medium (fluid) is input in the following chain order: "inlet ( 1 1) - inlet chamber (18) - inlet window (13) - piston chamber section", and in sections II and IV the actuating medium (fluid) is output in the following chain order: "piston chamber section - outlet window (14) - outlet chamber (19) - outlets (12)". As can be seen, the inlet window (13) and the outlet window (14) do not communicate: each of them is isolated by the damper on one side, and by the piston - on the other side. The inlet and outlet windows do not have any valves; they are in constant operation and the machine does not go into idle cycles, which increases its efficiency. In case of reverse rotation, the inlet and outlet elements are swapped places: all inlets and inlet windows work in outlet mode, whereas the outlets and outlet windows work in inlet mode (reversibility).
As it was mentioned before, the machine has inversibility and can operate as an engine: in case of working medium (actuating fluid) pressure in input, it is transformed into torque to the drive shaft in output in the same chain order as mentioned above.
Combinations of similar machines can be devised and built on the basis of the machine described above.
There are rotor machines that represent combinations of similar machines arranged (placed) on the common drive shaft (US6672274, FOl Cl/20, 2003; US7059294, F01 C3/02, 2005).
According to the structure, the closest analogue of the suggested solution is an orbital engine, each machine of which has its unified steering mechanism for the dampers position control (US7059294, F01 C3/02, 2005). Multiple repetition of the steering mechanism makes the structure complicated (sophisticated) and lowers its efficiency.
In one of the embodiments the combined machine consists of two machines, which are placed on the drive shaft on both sides of the steering mechanism (Fig. 14, 15 and 16). The lateral (side) wall (21) of the rotor's (5) outlet chamber (19) of the lower machine is extended, and the control drum (15) of the steering mechanism is seated on this extended wall (21 ). In this option the link between the drum (15) and the drive shaft (4) is not direct, but ensured by the rotor (5). The dampers (9) of the machines are linked to each other by the rods (17), and the pushers (16) are placed (located) in the central part of the rods (Fig. 15). The inlets ((1 1 ) and (1 1a)) of the machines are separate, whereas the outlet (12) is general (shared).
In another embodiment the combined machine consists of two machines, which are placed on the drive shaft in series - on one side of the steering mechanism (Fig. 17, 18 and 19). The drive shaft (4) is hollow in the junction of the rotors of the machines and its cavity (24) has a communicating lateral (side) window ((25) and (26)) with the inlet chamber of each machine. The dampers (9) of the machines are linked with each other in series by the rods (17), and the pushers (16) are placed at the end of the rods (Fig. 18). The machines' inlet (1 1) is separate, whereas the outlets ((12) and (12a)) are general (shared).
It should be noted that "upper" and "lower" notions in this description are conditional: all described options may be operational in any spatial position. In the options with the combined machine, a single pair of machines is exhibited; however the combined machine may also have more than one pair of machines.
The combined machine has inversibility and thus can operate as an engine: in case of working medium (actuating fluid) pressure in input, it is transformed into torque to the drive shaft in output. The suggested structure has a number of advantages over the known solutions:
a. inversibility - the machine can operate both in a pump (compressor) or a motor mode, the transition from one mode to another is made by simple action;
b. reversibility - in case of reversing the rotational direction of the drive shaft, the functions of inlets and outlets are swapped;
c. instead of rotational motion, the dampers perform reciprocating motion, thus reducing the dimensions of the machine;
d. the positioning of the dampers of all machines of the combined machine is ensured by a single (unified) mechanism, which simplifies the design and reduces the dimensions of the machine;
e. the inlet and outlet windows are rotated concurrently with the pistons and do not have any valves - they are always open, which significantly simplifies the design;
f. in case of operating in hydraulic motor mode, the leakage of the fluid bypassing the rotor is insignificant;
g. in case of operating in hydraulic motor mode, the speed of the exhaust water outflow is low, which means that the energy of the exhaust water is low and the efficiency is equal to 1.

Claims

Claims
1. An orbital machine, comprised of a hollow body with its bottom and a cover, a drive shaft and a rotor attached thereto placed coaxially in the body cavity, toroid-shaped piston chamber placed coaxially between the outer walls of the rotor and the inner walls of the body, at least one piston with allowable orbiting in the piston chamber, dampers of the piston chamber made in the form of flat plates that can move along the radial slots in the body and arranged proportionally to the chamber axis, actuating medium inlets and outlets that have a window to the piston chamber, as well as a single steering mechanism to control the dampers position, wherein the rotor is designed as a drum; each piston is designed in the form of a projection on the drum external surface; there is an inlet and an outlet window corresponding to each piston, the windows are arranged at different sides of the piston, the dampers are capable of reciprocating motion in a direction parallel to that of the piston chamber axis, and their number is equal to double the number of the pistons; the dampers position control mechanism is made in a form of drum-type spatial cam mechanism, the control drum of which is cylindrical and is coaxially attached to the drive shaft; the cam is designed as a closed groove on the cylindrical surface of the control drum; and the pushers are connected to the dampers by rods that are parallel to the body axis; besides the cam lobe is designed in a way that any inlet or outlet window of the piston chamber in any position of the rotor is made isolated from other windows of the piston chamber - by piston on one side and by the damper - on the other side.
2. The machine as claimed in claim 1 wherein the rotor's drum is cylindrical and each front of it has coaxiacal cylindrical groove, the grooves form an inlet chamber, and the inlet and outlet windows of the piston chamber are designed on the lateral walls of the grooves of the rotor drum.
3. The machine as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dampers of the piston chamber are deviated at an angle of 180°/n degree to one another, where n is the number of rotors.
4. The machine as claimed in claim 1 wherein has two diametrically arranged rotors and four dampers of the piston chamber which are deviated at an angle of 90 degrees to one another.
5. The machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein in case of provision of compressed working medium in the input of the device, the working medium pressure is transformed into torque to the drive shaft, enabling operation in motor mode.
6. A combined orbital machine comprised of similar orbital machines on the common drive shaft, wherein the machines are selected according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the dampers of the machines are linked to each other by rods and to one unified steering mechanism for the dampers position control.
7. The combined machine as claimed in claim 6 wherein said machine consists of two machines; the machines are placed on the drive shaft on both sides of the steering mechanism; the lateral wall of the rotor's outlet chamber of the one of the machines is extended, and the control drum of the steering mechanism is seated on this extended wall.
8. The combined machine as claimed in claim 6 wherein said machine consists of two machines; the machines are placed on the drive shaft in series - on one side of the steering mechanism, and the drive shaft is hollow in the junction of the rotors of the machines and has a lateral window to the outlet chamber of each machine.
9. The machine according to any one of claims 6 to 8 wherein in case of provision of compressed working medium (actuating fluid) in the input of the device, the working medium pressure is transformed into torque to the drive shaft, enabling operation in motor mode.
PCT/AM2015/000003 2014-09-22 2015-09-18 Orbital machine and combinations based thereon WO2016044867A1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112502785A (en) * 2020-11-13 2021-03-16 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Expander and air conditioner

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2380444A1 (en) * 1977-02-15 1978-09-08 Sivak Jozef Pump with piston movable in toroidal chamber - has cam track on impeller shaft to displace valve plate and allow passage of piston
WO1987001417A1 (en) * 1985-09-04 1987-03-12 Melchor Duran Positive displacement pump or motor
US5203297A (en) * 1992-01-27 1993-04-20 Iversen Dennis D Rotary engine
DE10347337A1 (en) * 2003-10-11 2005-05-19 Bittel, Karl, Dr.-Ing. Axial vane hydraulic machine for use as stationary or mobile motor or pump has valve body connected to manually operated control handle and has passages admitting fluid to working chambers
WO2008024505A2 (en) * 2006-08-24 2008-02-28 Wright Innovations, L.L.C. Orbital engine
US20140261289A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Randy Koch Rotary Internal Combustion Engine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2380444A1 (en) * 1977-02-15 1978-09-08 Sivak Jozef Pump with piston movable in toroidal chamber - has cam track on impeller shaft to displace valve plate and allow passage of piston
WO1987001417A1 (en) * 1985-09-04 1987-03-12 Melchor Duran Positive displacement pump or motor
US5203297A (en) * 1992-01-27 1993-04-20 Iversen Dennis D Rotary engine
DE10347337A1 (en) * 2003-10-11 2005-05-19 Bittel, Karl, Dr.-Ing. Axial vane hydraulic machine for use as stationary or mobile motor or pump has valve body connected to manually operated control handle and has passages admitting fluid to working chambers
WO2008024505A2 (en) * 2006-08-24 2008-02-28 Wright Innovations, L.L.C. Orbital engine
US20140261289A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Randy Koch Rotary Internal Combustion Engine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112502785A (en) * 2020-11-13 2021-03-16 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Expander and air conditioner

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