WO2016043563A1 - 밀리미터웨이브(mmwave)를 지원하는 무선접속 시스템에서 링크 단절을 피하기 위해 빠른 폴백을 수행하는 방법 및 장치 - Google Patents
밀리미터웨이브(mmwave)를 지원하는 무선접속 시스템에서 링크 단절을 피하기 위해 빠른 폴백을 수행하는 방법 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
- H04W36/0011—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection
- H04W36/0033—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection with transfer of context information
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless access system supporting millimeter waves (mmWave), and to methods and apparatuses for supporting fast fallback to avoid link breakage.
- mmWave millimeter waves
- Wireless access systems are widely deployed to provide various kinds of communication services such as voice and data.
- a wireless access system is a multiple access system capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (bandwidth, transmission power, etc.).
- multiple access systems include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, and single carrier frequency (SC-FDMA). division multiple access) system.
- CDMA code division multiple access
- FDMA frequency division multiple access
- TDMA time division multiple access
- OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
- SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
- An object of the present invention is to support efficient data communication in the mmWave system.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide methods for quickly performing a link restoration process before a link break occurs due to a LoS / NLoS transition situation in the mmWave system.
- Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for supporting such methods.
- the present invention relates to a wireless access system that supports millimeter wave (mmWave), and provides methods for performing fast fallback to avoid link disconnection and apparatuses for supporting the same.
- mmWave millimeter wave
- a method for performing a fast fallback by a terminal in a millimeter wave (mmWave) supporting radio system includes establishing a radio resource control (RRC) connection with an mmWave base station and a legacy base station, respectively, and transmitting from an mmWave base station.
- RRC radio resource control
- the method may include detecting and transmitting a fallback request message to perform a fast fallback to the legacy base station when the NLoS transition occurs.
- a terminal performing fast fallback in a wireless access system supporting millimeter wave may include a transmitter, a receiver, and a processor configured to be functionally connected to the transmitter and the receiver to support the fast fallback.
- the processor establishes a radio resource control (RRC) connection with the mmWave base station and the legacy base station, respectively; receive via the receiver downlink data transmitted from the mmWave base station; Receive, via the receiver, resource related information related to a resource to be allocated for fast fallback from the legacy base station; detect whether a Non-Light of Sight (NLoS) transition occurs in the mmWave link with the mmWave base station; When the NLoS transition occurs, the fallback request message may be configured to be transmitted through the transmitter in order to perform a fast fallback to the legacy base station.
- RRC radio resource control
- the resource related information may include a temporary cell identifier and downlink transmit power strength information of the legacy base station.
- the resource related information may further include resource allocation information for allocating a resource region for transmitting the fallback request message.
- the fallback request message may include sequence number (SN) status transmission information, information on a maximum transmission rate required by the terminal, a security algorithm for the terminal, and an AS security base key for the legacy base station.
- SN sequence number
- the method may further include receiving downlink data from the legacy base station after the short term terminal performs the fallback process with the legacy base station, but the terminal does not release the RRC connection with the mmWave base station even after the fallback process with the legacy base station. It can be configured to keep up.
- downlink data may be continuously transmitted to the terminal without link disconnection.
- the mmWave terminal performs the fallback very quickly compared to the existing legacy fallback, it can be prepared for the link disconnection.
- the link restoration process can be performed quickly before the LoS / NLoS transition occurs in the mmWave system and the link break occurs.
- 1 is a diagram illustrating a physical channel and a signal transmission method using the same.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a structure of a radio frame.
- 3 is a diagram illustrating a resource grid for a downlink slot.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a structure of an uplink subframe.
- 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a structure of a downlink subframe.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a linear modeling result of path attenuation with distance.
- FIG. 7 is a view for explaining a situation that the mmWave signal is transmitted indoors.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a case where attenuation of the mmWave signal occurs by a person.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a change in LoS / NLoS transition time and reception power according to frequency.
- FIG. 10 illustrates that signal detection may fail during operation based on previous CQI feedback due to a change in mmWave downlink received signal.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating received power scenarios for explaining how mmWave LoS / NLoS transition affects the link environment.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a radio link disconnection process.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for describing a method of estimating a situation in which a UE transitions from a LoS environment to an NLoS environment, that is, a case where an NLoS occurs.
- FIG. 15 illustrates an initial access state for fast fallback to an mmWave terminal.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a method in which a fallback preparation step of 4 steps performed in a legacy system is performed as a fallback preparation step of 1 step.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram for describing a method of performing fast fallback to avoid link disconnection.
- 18 is an example of a hierarchy diagram for explaining NAS signaling and RRC connection.
- 19 is a diagram for describing a method of performing a fast fallback.
- FIG. 20 is a means by which the methods described in FIGS. 1 to 19 may be implemented.
- each component or feature may be considered to be optional unless otherwise stated.
- Each component or feature may be embodied in a form that is not combined with other components or features.
- some components and / or features may be combined to form an embodiment of the present invention.
- the order of the operations described in the embodiments of the present invention may be changed. Some components or features of one embodiment may be included in another embodiment or may be replaced with corresponding components or features of another embodiment.
- the base station is meant as a terminal node of a network that directly communicates with a mobile station.
- the specific operation described as performed by the base station in this document may be performed by an upper node of the base station in some cases.
- various operations performed for communication with a mobile station in a network consisting of a plurality of network nodes including a base station may be performed by the base station or network nodes other than the base station.
- the 'base station' may be replaced by terms such as a fixed station, a Node B, an eNode B (eNB), an advanced base station (ABS), or an access point.
- a terminal may be a user equipment (UE), a mobile station (MS), a subscriber station (SS), or a mobile subscriber station (MSS). It may be replaced with terms such as a mobile terminal or an advanced mobile station (AMS).
- UE user equipment
- MS mobile station
- SS subscriber station
- MSS mobile subscriber station
- AMS advanced mobile station
- the transmitting end refers to a fixed and / or mobile node that provides a data service or a voice service
- the receiving end refers to a fixed and / or mobile node that receives a data service or a voice service. Therefore, in uplink, a mobile station may be a transmitting end and a base station may be a receiving end. Similarly, in downlink, a mobile station may be a receiving end and a base station may be a transmitting end.
- Embodiments of the present invention may be supported by standard documents disclosed in at least one of the IEEE 802.xx system, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) system, the 3GPP LTE system, and the 3GPP2 system, which are wireless access systems, and in particular, the present invention.
- Embodiments of the may be supported by 3GPP TS 36.211, 3GPP TS 36.212, 3GPP TS 36.213, 3GPP TS 36.321 and 3GPP TS 36.331 documents. That is, obvious steps or portions not described among the embodiments of the present invention may be described with reference to the above documents.
- all terms disclosed in the present document can be described by the above standard document.
- Transmission Opportunity Period may be used in the same meaning as the term transmission period or RRP (Reserved Resource Period).
- RRP Resource Period
- LBT List Before Talk
- 3GPP LTE / LTE-A system will be described as an example of a wireless access system in which embodiments of the present invention can be used.
- CDMA code division multiple access
- FDMA frequency division multiple access
- TDMA time division multiple access
- OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
- SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
- CDMA may be implemented with a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000.
- TDMA may be implemented with wireless technologies such as Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE).
- GSM Global System for Mobile communications
- GPRS General Packet Radio Service
- EDGE Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution
- OFDMA may be implemented in a wireless technology such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA).
- UTRA is part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS).
- 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) is part of an Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using E-UTRA, and employs OFDMA in downlink and SC-FDMA in uplink.
- LTE-A (Advanced) system is an improved system of the 3GPP LTE system.
- embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the 3GPP LTE / LTE-A system, but can also be applied to IEEE 802.16e / m system and the like.
- a terminal receives information from a base station through downlink (DL) and transmits information to the base station through uplink (UL).
- the information transmitted and received by the base station and the terminal includes general data information and various control information, and various physical channels exist according to the type / use of the information they transmit and receive.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining physical channels that can be used in embodiments of the present invention and a signal transmission method using the same.
- the initial cell search operation such as synchronizing with the base station is performed in step S11.
- the UE receives a Primary Synchronization Channel (P-SCH) and a Secondary Synchronization Channel (S-SCH) from the base station, synchronizes with the base station, and obtains information such as a cell ID.
- P-SCH Primary Synchronization Channel
- S-SCH Secondary Synchronization Channel
- the terminal may receive a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) signal from the base station to obtain broadcast information in a cell.
- PBCH physical broadcast channel
- the terminal may receive a downlink reference signal (DL RS) in the initial cell search step to confirm the downlink channel state.
- DL RS downlink reference signal
- the UE After completing the initial cell search, the UE receives a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and a physical downlink control channel (PDSCH) according to the physical downlink control channel information in step S12. Specific system information can be obtained.
- PDCCH physical downlink control channel
- PDSCH physical downlink control channel
- the terminal may perform a random access procedure as in steps S13 to S16 to complete the access to the base station.
- the UE transmits a preamble through a physical random access channel (PRACH) (S13), a response message to the preamble through a physical downlink control channel and a corresponding physical downlink shared channel. Can be received (S14).
- PRACH physical random access channel
- the UE may perform contention resolution such as transmitting an additional physical random access channel signal (S15) and receiving a physical downlink control channel signal and a corresponding physical downlink shared channel signal (S16). Procedure).
- the UE After performing the above-described procedure, the UE subsequently receives a physical downlink control channel signal and / or a physical downlink shared channel signal (S17) and a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) as a general uplink / downlink signal transmission procedure.
- a transmission (Uplink Shared Channel) signal and / or a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) signal may be transmitted (S18).
- UCI uplink control information
- HARQ-ACK / NACK Hybrid Automatic Repeat and reQuest Acknowledgement / Negative-ACK
- SR Scheduling Request
- CQI Channel Quality Indication
- PMI Precoding Matrix Indication
- RI Rank Indication
- UCI is generally transmitted periodically through the PUCCH, but may be transmitted through the PUSCH when control information and traffic data should be transmitted at the same time.
- the UCI may be aperiodically transmitted through the PUSCH by the request / instruction of the network.
- FIG. 2 shows a structure of a radio frame used in embodiments of the present invention.
- the type 1 frame structure can be applied to both full duplex Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems and half duplex FDD systems.
- FDD Frequency Division Duplex
- One subframe is defined as two consecutive slots, and the i-th subframe includes slots corresponding to 2i and 2i + 1. That is, a radio frame consists of 10 subframes.
- the time taken to transmit one subframe is called a transmission time interval (TTI).
- the slot includes a plurality of OFDM symbols or SC-FDMA symbols in the time domain and a plurality of resource blocks in the frequency domain.
- One slot includes a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in the time domain. Since 3GPP LTE uses OFDMA in downlink, the OFDM symbol is for representing one symbol period. The OFDM symbol may be referred to as one SC-FDMA symbol or symbol period.
- a resource block is a resource allocation unit and includes a plurality of consecutive subcarriers in one slot.
- 10 subframes may be used simultaneously for downlink transmission and uplink transmission during each 10ms period. At this time, uplink and downlink transmission are separated in the frequency domain.
- the terminal cannot simultaneously transmit and receive.
- the structure of the radio frame described above is just one example, and the number of subframes included in the radio frame, the number of slots included in the subframe, and the number of OFDM symbols included in the slot may be variously changed.
- Type 2 frame structure is applied to the TDD system.
- the type 2 frame includes a special subframe consisting of three fields: a downlink pilot time slot (DwPTS), a guard period (GP), and an uplink pilot time slot (UpPTS).
- DwPTS downlink pilot time slot
- GP guard period
- UpPTS uplink pilot time slot
- the DwPTS is used for initial cell search, synchronization or channel estimation in the terminal.
- UpPTS is used for channel estimation at the base station and synchronization of uplink transmission of the terminal.
- the guard period is a period for removing interference generated in the uplink due to the multipath delay of the downlink signal between the uplink and the downlink.
- Table 1 below shows the structure of the special frame (length of DwPTS / GP / UpPTS).
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a resource grid for a downlink slot that can be used in embodiments of the present invention.
- one downlink slot includes a plurality of OFDM symbols in the time domain.
- one downlink slot includes seven OFDM symbols, and one resource block includes 12 subcarriers in a frequency domain, but is not limited thereto.
- Each element on the resource grid is a resource element, and one resource block includes 12 ⁇ 7 resource elements.
- the number NDL of resource blocks included in the downlink slot depends on the downlink transmission bandwidth.
- the structure of the uplink slot may be the same as the structure of the downlink slot.
- FIG. 4 shows a structure of an uplink subframe that can be used in embodiments of the present invention.
- an uplink subframe may be divided into a control region and a data region in the frequency domain.
- the control region is allocated a PUCCH carrying uplink control information.
- a PUSCH carrying user data is allocated.
- one UE does not simultaneously transmit a PUCCH and a PUSCH.
- the PUCCH for one UE is allocated an RB pair in a subframe. RBs belonging to the RB pair occupy different subcarriers in each of the two slots.
- the RB pair assigned to this PUCCH is said to be frequency hopping at the slot boundary.
- FIG. 5 shows a structure of a downlink subframe that can be used in embodiments of the present invention.
- up to three OFDM symbols from the OFDM symbol index 0 in the first slot in the subframe are control regions to which control channels are allocated, and the remaining OFDM symbols are data regions to which the PDSCH is allocated. to be.
- a downlink control channel used in 3GPP LTE includes a Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH), a PDCCH, and a Physical Hybrid-ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH).
- PCFICH Physical Control Format Indicator Channel
- PDCCH Physical Hybrid-ARQ Indicator Channel
- PHICH Physical Hybrid-ARQ Indicator Channel
- the PCFICH is transmitted in the first OFDM symbol of a subframe and carries information about the number of OFDM symbols (ie, the size of the control region) used for transmission of control channels within the subframe.
- the PHICH is a response channel for the uplink and carries an ACK (Acknowledgement) / NACK (Negative-Acknowledgement) signal for a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ).
- Control information transmitted through the PDCCH is called downlink control information (DCI).
- the downlink control information includes uplink resource allocation information, downlink resource allocation information or an uplink transmission (Tx) power control command for a certain terminal group.
- the PDCCH includes resource allocation and transmission format (ie, DL-Grant) of downlink shared channel (DL-SCH) and resource allocation information (ie, uplink grant (UL-) of uplink shared channel (UL-SCH). Grant)), paging information on a paging channel (PCH), system information on a DL-SCH, and an upper-layer control message such as a random access response transmitted on a PDSCH. It may carry resource allocation, a set of transmission power control commands for individual terminals in a certain terminal group, information on whether Voice over IP (VoIP) is activated or the like.
- VoIP Voice over IP
- a plurality of PDCCHs may be transmitted in the control region, and the terminal may monitor the plurality of PDCCHs.
- the PDCCH consists of an aggregation of one or several consecutive control channel elements (CCEs).
- CCE is a logical allocation unit used to provide a PDCCH with a coding rate according to a state of a radio channel.
- the CCE corresponds to a plurality of resource element groups (REGs).
- the format of the PDCCH and the number of bits of the PDCCH are determined according to the correlation between the number of CCEs and the coding rate provided by the CCEs.
- a plurality of multiplexed PDCCHs for a plurality of terminals may be transmitted in a control region.
- the PDCCH is composed of one or more consecutive CCE aggregations (CCE aggregation).
- CCE refers to a unit corresponding to nine sets of REGs consisting of four resource elements.
- QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
- RS reference signal
- the base station may use ⁇ 1, 2, 4, 8 ⁇ CCEs to configure one PDCCH signal, wherein ⁇ 1, 2, 4, 8 ⁇ is called a CCE aggregation level.
- the number of CCEs used for transmission of a specific PDCCH is determined by the base station according to the channel state. For example, one CCE may be sufficient for a PDCCH for a terminal having a good downlink channel state (close to the base station). On the other hand, in case of a UE having a bad channel state (when it is at a cell boundary), eight CCEs may be required for sufficient robustness.
- the power level of the PDCCH may also be adjusted to match the channel state.
- Table 2 below shows a PDCCH format, and four PDCCH formats are supported as shown in Table 2 according to the CCE aggregation level.
- the reason why the CCE aggregation level is different for each UE is because a format or a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) level of control information carried on the PDCCH is different.
- MCS level refers to a code rate and a modulation order used for data coding.
- Adaptive MCS levels are used for link adaptation. In general, three to four MCS levels may be considered in a control channel for transmitting control information.
- control information transmitted through the PDCCH is referred to as downlink control information (DCI).
- DCI downlink control information
- the configuration of information carried in the PDCCH payload may vary.
- the PDCCH payload means an information bit. Table 3 below shows DCI according to DCI format.
- a DCI format includes a format 0 for PUSCH scheduling, a format 1 for scheduling one PDSCH codeword, a format 1A for compact scheduling of one PDSCH codeword, and a very much DL-SCH.
- Format 1C for simple scheduling, format 2 for PDSCH scheduling in closed-loop spatial multiplexing mode, format 2A for PDSCH scheduling in open-loop spatial multiplexing mode, for uplink channel
- Format 3 and 3A for the transmission of Transmission Power Control (TPC) commands.
- DCI format 1A may be used for PDSCH scheduling, regardless of which transmission mode is configured for the UE.
- the PDCCH payload length may vary depending on the DCI format.
- the type and length thereof of the PDCCH payload may vary depending on whether it is a simple scheduling or a transmission mode set in the terminal.
- the transmission mode may be configured for the UE to receive downlink data through the PDSCH.
- the downlink data through the PDSCH may include scheduled data, paging, random access response, or broadcast information through BCCH.
- Downlink data through the PDSCH is related to the DCI format signaled through the PDCCH.
- the transmission mode may be set semi-statically to the terminal through higher layer signaling (eg, RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling).
- the transmission mode may be classified into single antenna transmission or multi-antenna transmission.
- the terminal is set to a semi-static transmission mode through higher layer signaling.
- multi-antenna transmission includes transmit diversity, open-loop or closed-loop spatial multiplexing, and multi-user-multiple input multiple outputs.
- beamforming Transmit diversity is a technique of increasing transmission reliability by transmitting the same data in multiple transmit antennas.
- Spatial multiplexing is a technology that allows high-speed data transmission without increasing the bandwidth of the system by simultaneously transmitting different data from multiple transmit antennas.
- Beamforming is a technique of increasing the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) of a signal by applying weights according to channel conditions in multiple antennas.
- SINR signal to interference plus noise ratio
- the DCI format is dependent on a transmission mode configured in the terminal (depend on).
- the UE has a reference DCI format that monitors according to a transmission mode configured for the UE.
- the transmission mode set in the terminal may have ten transmission modes as follows.
- transmission mode 1 single antenna port; Port 0
- Transmission mode 7 Precoding supporting single layer transmission not based on codebook
- Transmission mode 8 Precoding supporting up to two layers not based on codebook
- Transmission mode 9 Precoding supporting up to eight layers not based on codebook
- Transmission mode 10 precoding supporting up to eight layers, used for CoMP, not based on codebook
- the base station determines the PDCCH format according to the DCI to be transmitted to the terminal, and attaches a CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) to the control information.
- a unique identifier for example, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI)
- RNTI Radio Network Temporary Identifier
- a paging indication identifier (eg, P-RNTI (P-RNTI)) may be masked to the CRC.
- P-RNTI P-RNTI
- SI-RNTI System Information RNTI
- RA-RNTI random access-RNTI
- the base station performs channel coding on the control information added with the CRC to generate coded data.
- channel coding may be performed at a code rate according to the MCS level.
- the base station performs rate matching according to the CCE aggregation level allocated to the PDCCH format, modulates the coded data, and generates modulation symbols.
- a modulation sequence according to the MCS level can be used.
- the modulation symbols constituting one PDCCH may have one of 1, 2, 4, and 8 CCE aggregation levels.
- the base station maps modulation symbols to physical resource elements (CCE to RE mapping).
- a plurality of PDCCHs may be transmitted in one subframe. That is, the control region of one subframe includes a plurality of CCEs having indices 0 to N CCE, k ⁇ 1.
- N CCE, k means the total number of CCEs in the control region of the kth subframe.
- the UE monitors the plurality of PDCCHs in every subframe. Here, monitoring means that the UE attempts to decode each of the PDCCHs according to the monitored PDCCH format.
- blind decoding refers to a method in which a UE de-masks its UE ID in a CRC portion and then checks the CRC error to determine whether the corresponding PDCCH is its control channel.
- the UE monitors the PDCCH of every subframe in order to receive data transmitted to the UE.
- the UE wakes up in the monitoring interval of every DRX cycle and monitors the PDCCH in a subframe corresponding to the monitoring interval.
- a subframe in which PDCCH monitoring is performed is called a non-DRX subframe.
- the UE In order to receive the PDCCH transmitted to the UE, the UE must perform blind decoding on all CCEs present in the control region of the non-DRX subframe. Since the UE does not know which PDCCH format is transmitted, it is necessary to decode all PDCCHs at the CCE aggregation level possible until blind decoding of the PDCCH is successful in every non-DRX subframe. Since the UE does not know how many CCEs the PDCCH uses for itself, the UE should attempt detection at all possible CCE aggregation levels until the blind decoding of the PDCCH succeeds.
- a search space (SS) concept is defined for blind decoding of a terminal.
- the search space means a PDCCH candidate set for the UE to monitor and may have a different size according to each PDCCH format.
- the search space may include a common search space (CSS) and a UE-specific / dedicated search space (USS).
- the UE In the case of the common search space, all terminals can know the size of the common search space, but the terminal specific search space can be set individually for each terminal. Accordingly, the UE must monitor both the UE-specific search space and the common search space in order to decode the PDCCH, thus performing a maximum of 44 blind decoding (BDs) in one subframe. This does not include blind decoding performed according to different CRC values (eg, C-RNTI, P-RNTI, SI-RNTI, RA-RNTI).
- CRC values eg, C-RNTI, P-RNTI, SI-RNTI, RA-RNTI
- the base station may not be able to secure the CCE resources for transmitting the PDCCH to all the terminals to transmit the PDCCH in a given subframe. This is because resources remaining after the CCE location is allocated may not be included in the search space of a specific UE.
- a terminal specific hopping sequence may be applied to the starting point of the terminal specific search space to minimize this barrier that may continue to the next subframe.
- Table 4 shows the sizes of the common search space and the terminal specific search space.
- the UE does not simultaneously perform searches according to all defined DCI formats. Specifically, the terminal always performs a search for DCI formats 0 and 1A in the terminal specific search space (USS). In this case, the DCI formats 0 and 1A have the same size, but the UE may distinguish the DCI formats by using a flag used for distinguishing the DCI formats 0 and 1A included in the PDCCH. In addition, a DCI format other than DCI format 0 and DCI format 1A may be required for the UE. Examples of the DCI formats include 1, 1B, and 2.
- the UE may search for DCI formats 1A and 1C.
- the UE may be configured to search for DCI format 3 or 3A, and DCI formats 3 and 3A have the same size as DCI formats 0 and 1A, but the UE uses a CRC scrambled by an identifier other than the UE specific identifier.
- the DCI format can be distinguished.
- the CCE according to the PDCCH candidate set m of the search space may be determined by Equation 1 below.
- k floor ( / 2), and n s represents a slot index in a radio frame.
- the UE monitors both the UE-specific search space and the common search space to decode the PDCCH.
- the common search space (CSS) supports PDCCHs having an aggregation level of ⁇ 4, 8 ⁇
- the UE specific search space supports PDCCHs having an aggregation level of ⁇ 1, 2, 4, 8 ⁇ .
- Table 5 shows PDCCH candidates monitored by the UE.
- Y k is defined as in Equation 2.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a linear modeling result of path attenuation with distance.
- 6 (a) to 6 (c) show linear propagation attenuation constant values obtained in the 28 GHz band as linear modeling results measured in different regions, respectively.
- FIG. 6 (a) shows path attenuation in the LoS and NLoS channel conditions in the situation where the transmitter and the receiver are 100 m, respectively, at 104.8 dB and 150 dB in consideration of reflection loss, rotation loss, and penetration loss. It is assumed that the propagation attenuation constants of LoS and NLoS are calculated to be 2.17 and 4.43 when the linear filtering technique is considered considering the 1m reference path attenuation offset 61.4 dB.
- FIG. 6 (b) and 6 (c) are views in which a 5m reference path attenuation offset is considered, and the remaining elements are the same as in FIG. 6 (a).
- Figure 6 (c) is about 30m between the building and the building consists of three to four campus buildings, such building density can be classified as suburban area in terms of path attenuation environment.
- the path attenuation model of FIG. 6 (a) is based on the results of the Ray tracing technique for the Manhattan street grid model, which is more similar to the path attenuation value of 100 m than the path attenuation model of FIG. 6 (b). Will be indicative.
- the path attenuation value at an arbitrary distance may be derived as in Equation 3 below.
- Equation 3 PL () denotes a path attenuation function, d denotes a distance between a transmitter and a receiver, and d 0 denotes a reference distance.
- the mmWave signal is very sensitive to shadowing.
- the mmWave signal has attenuation of 40 dB to 80 dB due to an obstacle such as a wall, and can easily occur at 20 to 35 dB even with the human body itself.
- the human body and many external materials can cause very serious propagation delays for the transmission of very mmWave signals.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a situation in which an mmWave signal is transmitted indoors
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a case where an attenuation of the mmWave signal occurs by a person.
- the attenuation of the mmWave signal in the indoor environment illustrated in FIG. 7 may be measured to obtain a result as illustrated in FIG. 8.
- the measurement parameters for measuring propagation attenuation of the mmWave signal are as follows.
- FIG. 8 (a) shows a result of measuring an mmWave signal in a LoS environment without an obstacle
- FIG. 8 (b) shows a result of measuring a mmWave signal in an NLoS environment where radio wave attenuation by a human body occurs.
- the difference between the LoS / NLoS environment is about 15 dB within 5 m.
- a difference of LoS / NLoS power loss can occur by about 43 dB at 100 m.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a change in LoS / NLoS transition time and reception power according to frequency.
- the horizontal axis represents the time domain and the vertical axis represents the frequency domain.
- the transition time from LoS to NLoS changes very rapidly in a high frequency environment, and the change rate is low in a low frequency environment.
- the power difference between LoS / NLoS may be small.
- the power attenuation or increase time may be changed depending on how the change from LoS to NLoS.
- the received signal attenuation width becomes large during the LoS / NLoS transition, and the received signal attenuation width is small or hardly shown in the low frequency.
- the instantaneous power decay slope occurs at about the same time t.
- mmWave systems are very likely to operate in the ultra-high frequency band.
- the transition between LoS / NLoS for mmWave signal can be very sensitive to the external environment.
- FIG. 10 illustrates that signal detection may fail during operation based on previous CQI feedback due to a change in mmWave downlink received signal.
- FIG. 10 shows a process of decoding channel information obtained through CQI by 8HARQ procedure, and determining information such as DCI format, modulation and coding scheme (MCS), redundancy version (RV), etc. based on the information.
- MCS modulation and coding scheme
- RV redundancy version
- the base station transmits scheduling information, such as an incorrect MCS and RV, to the terminal, which increases the possibility of failure in signal detection, and may cause a degradation in throughput performance in the system.
- the simplest solution to overcome the channel change of mmWave downlink is to configure the terminal to send CQI feedback more frequently. Based on the FDD of the LTE system, the smallest period in CQI reporting is two subframe periods. However, in terms of cost efficient for decoding the CQI received from the base station, it may be a burden. In addition, the transition between LoS / NLoS occurs again at the time required for the base station to receive and decode the new CQI feedback, so that even the newly received CQI may become useless. In addition, the CQI is an indicator for feeding back signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio (SINR) based information, and the CQI itself received by the base station already includes information due to interference with the received signal.
- SINR signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio
- the terminal measures and reports the RSRP of the downlink reference signal.
- RSRP is generally preferable for channel measurement for long term. Because, the maximum allowable time for the terminal to measure the RSRP is 200ms, which is too long from the mmWave system perspective. In other words, LoS / NLoS transition should be judged from the viewpoint of channel measurement in a short term. Therefore, the existing channel status is detected by detecting the LoS / NLoS transition of the mmWave system. Difficult to adjust
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating received power scenarios for explaining how mmWave LoS / NLoS transition affects the link environment.
- the vertical axis represents received power intensity
- the horizontal axis represents time unit.
- the minimum value of the received power ie, receiver sensitivity level (RSL) refers to a minimum received power value at which the receiver can receive data. That is, even if the receiving end is changed to the NLoS situation, the receiver can normally receive data over RSL.
- the received power of the NLoS state is lower than that of RSL and the NLoS duration is long.
- the received power of the NLoS state is higher than the RSL and the NLoS duration is long.
- the received power of the NLoS state is lower than that of RSL and the NLoS duration is short.
- FIG. 11 (d) it can be seen that the reception power of the NLoS state is higher than that of RSL and the NLoS duration is short.
- the receiver In order for the receiver to effectively perform fallback, it is preferable to consider the mmWave fallback method differently for each scenario shown in FIG. 11. For example, in the reception power scenario as shown in FIG. 11 (a), the reception power is lowered below the RSL and continues in the NLoS state. Accordingly, the receiving end should quickly perform a radio link failure procedure when the link is broken. In this case, as shown in FIG. 12, if the link of the receiver is disconnected even after two link recovery steps as in the conventional radio link failure process, the receiver enters an idle phase. At this time, since the link restoration steps through the two phases take at least 1000 ms, the transmission throughput is drastically reduced when the link is continuously disconnected. Therefore, in the case of FIG. 11 (a), it is preferable that the receiver performs a fallback before the link is disconnected.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a radio link disconnection process.
- the receiving end may detect that a problem has occurred in the radio link.
- the receiving end performs a link restoration process in the first phase.
- the restoration timer T310 operates and may take 0 to 2000 ms. If the link is not restored during the T310 timer, the receiver enters a second phase to operate the recovery timer T311.
- the timer can be set up to 1000ms.
- the receiver communicates with the transmitter again, but enters an idle state if the link is not restored until the second phase.
- FIG. 12 refer to the 3GPP TS 36.300 standard document.
- FIGS. 11B and 11D illustrate a link with a transmitter, even if a receiver performs an existing fallback procedure (in embodiments of the present invention, it is assumed that the fallback procedure is similar to a handover). No problem occurs because is still connected.
- the fallback scenario is performed. It is advantageous. However, in the opposite situation (when the NLOS interval is short), it is advantageous to not perform the fallback from the viewpoint of data throughput of the receiving end. Therefore, in order for the receiver to perform these fallback execution conditions well in each scenario, it is preferable that the receiver estimates and predicts each received power scenario in advance.
- the receiving end for example, the terminal
- the receiving end changes from the LoS to the NLoS situation
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for describing a method of estimating a situation in which a UE transitions from a LoS environment to an NLoS environment, that is, a case where an NLoS occurs.
- the UE may estimate a transition from LoS to NLoS.
- the UE estimates mmWave LoS / NLoS slope information at the time of LoS / NLoS transition (see application number PCT / KR2015 / 006716 event) and uses a pilot in a LoS situation to determine the distance between the UE and mmWave BS.
- the reception intensity widths of the LoS and NLoS situations by measuring and transmitting the frequency information, it is possible to estimate a time point at which a link break occurs.
- the terminal also predicts and estimates a phenomenon of returning to LoS in the NLoS situation as shown in FIG. 13 (b) with respect to the scenario of FIG. 11 (c). This is because whether to perform fallback triggering depends on how long the level lasts when the NLoS power is lower than RSL.
- the length of time for the transition from LoS-> NLoS-> LoS is sensitive to the unique motion pattern of the mmWave terminal. Accordingly, the UE has no choice but to estimate NLoS transition based on probabilistic and empirical movement pattern information. Therefore, the UE may generate an error in NLoS estimation due to a probabilistic estimation.
- embodiments of the present invention described below do not consider a scenario of regression from NLoS to LoS, and propose fallback methods for a scenario in which a link break occurs in a received power scenario and a scenario in which a link break does not occur. .
- the existing fallback method is the same as the handover process. Therefore, by obtaining the time delay from the start of the existing handover process to completion and comparing it with the LoS / NLoS transition time, it is possible for the receiver to check whether the existing fallback method can be performed until the link disconnection occurs after the NLoS transition measurement.
- the time required for each step is as follows.
- Handover Preparation takes about 17.8 ms
- Handover execution takes about 10.5 ms
- Handover Completion takes about 120 ms. It takes Thus, the total handover delay time can be estimated to be approximately 148.3 ms.
- the receiver When the handover preparation step is passed, the receiver performs a link recovery process. Therefore, when comparing the handover preparation process and the LoS / NLoS transition process, whether the receiving end (ie, the terminal) can process the LoS / NLoS transition with the existing fallback process (ie, handover) before link disconnection occurs. It can be seen.
- the handover preparation step is approximately 17.8 ms, when the user's movement pattern is at the power running level, the user can move quickly in a general situation, and the handover preparation step is preferably reduced to about 10 ms for the mmWave terminal. Do.
- embodiments of the present invention described below aim to reduce the existing fallback procedure by about 10 ms for FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b) illustrating the mmWave received power scenario.
- the mmWave base station and the legacy base station may be configured to always maintain an RRC connection with the mmWave terminal in a network environment in which the mmWave base station and the legacy base station overlap.
- FIG. 15 illustrates an initial access state for fast fallback to an mmWave terminal.
- the legacy base station refers to a cellular base station supported by the LTE / LTE-A system
- the mmWave base station refers to a base station supporting mmWave operation of an ultra-high frequency band.
- the cellular base station may operate as the mmWave base station.
- a legacy base station is connected to a serving gateway (S-GW) and a mobility management entity (MME) through an X2 interface, and a legacy base station and an mmWave base station are connected to an Xn interface.
- S-GW serving gateway
- MME mobility management entity
- a legacy base station and an mmWave base station are connected to an Xn interface.
- the legacy base station and the S-GW, the legacy base station and mmWave BS are connected to each other by an ideal backhaul.
- the mmWave base station and the terminal may be connected by the mmWave link.
- the handover interrupt time may be omitted, and the time required for the entire fallback is based on the hand-over process shown in FIG. 14. can be reduced to ms.
- the network connection status is based on S-GW-> Legacy BS-> mmWave BS when connecting to mmWave hatnet.
- the configuration may be completed in the order of the legacy base station in the S-GW, the legacy base station in the mmWave base station, and the mmWave terminal in the mmWave base station order.
- the handover completion process shown in FIG. 14 need not be considered. As a result, 120 ms can be reduced compared to the legacy handover process.
- the delay for the fallback process shown in FIG. 14 can be reduced from 148.3 ms to 17.8 ms.
- the third fallback condition for avoiding link disconnection is that the mmWave terminal is configured as a subject performing fallback triggering.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a method in which a fallback preparation step of 4 steps performed in a legacy system is performed as a fallback preparation step of 1 step.
- FIG. 16 (a) illustrates a handover process performed as a fallback in a legacy base station.
- the handover step in FIG. 16 (a) is performed through a four-step process, and takes about 4 ms. This is because, when the base station controls the handover, it is necessary to transmit the channel measurement result of the terminal to the base station and to inform the terminal whether to perform the handover.
- FIG. 16 (b) shows that when the mmWave terminal determines the mmWave fallback, it is sufficient for the mmWave terminal to transmit the fallback request to the legacy base station.
- the mmWave terminal may perform a mmWave fallback process of about 10 ms.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram for describing a method of performing fast fallback to avoid link disconnection.
- FIG. 17A is a diagram for describing preconditions for a fast fallback trigger.
- FIG. 17A As a precondition for the fast fallback trigger, it is assumed that an RRC connection is established between the legacy base station, mmWave base station, and mmWave terminal.
- the EMM is registered for NAS (Non-Access Stratum) signaling between the mmWave terminal and the MME, and the Evolved Packet System Connection Management (ECM) connection is established.
- ECM Evolved Packet System Connection Management
- the X2 interface is connected by an ideal backhaul that can support the mmWave link rate.
- EMM registration and ECM connection will be described.
- 18 is an example of a hierarchy diagram for explaining NAS signaling and RRC connection.
- the terminal and the base station may confirm that the RRC connection is established and the S1 signaling connection is established through the S1AP between the base station and the MME.
- a NAS signaling connection ie, ECM connection
- the NAS layer is composed of an ESM state performing bearer context activation / deactivation, an EMM state performing EEM registration / release, and an ESM state responsible for ECM connection / idle. Table 6 below is for explaining the connection state of FIG.
- EMM EMM-Deregistered UE MME
- the terminal is not attached to the LTE network, the MME does not know the location information of the terminal, but the MME knows the tracking area information of the terminal EMM-Registered UE, MME UE is attached to LTE network, IP is assigned to UE, EPS bearer initialization, initial location information of MME, tracking area information ECM ECM-Idle UE, MME NAS signaling connection not initialized, no physical resources allocated to UE, ie radio resources (SRB / DRB), network resources (s1 bearer / s1 signaling connection) ECM-Connected UE, MME NAS signaling connection is initialized, physical resources are allocated to UE, ie radio resources (SRB / DRB), network resources (s1 bearer / s1 signaling connection) RRC RRC-Idle UE, eNB RRC not initialized RRC-Connected UE, eNB Initialize RRC
- the legacy base station has a resource associated with a resource to be allocated for the mmWave terminal in the legacy downlink band.
- the relevant information may be transmitted to the mmWave terminal in advance.
- the resource related information refers to a message that the legacy base station periodically transmits to the mmWave terminal through the legacy downlink before the terminal transmits the fallback request message to the legacy base station.
- the resource related information may include mmWave Temporary BS Cell ID and downlink transmission power strength information of the legacy base station.
- the mmWave temporary cell identifier refers to a temporary mmWave cell identifier used in consideration of security. Based on the mmWave temporary cell identifier, the mmWave terminal may know what mmWave base station is currently connected, and may identify which mmWave base station to return to when returning to the LoS link even after the mmWave link is disconnected. In addition, the downlink transmission power strength information of the legacy base station is used by the mmWave terminal to determine whether there is no problem even if the mmWave terminal performs fallback. That is, it is information required for the mmWave terminal to fall back to the legacy base station at a desired time.
- FIG. 17B illustrates a process of transmitting a fallback request message for triggering a fast fallback.
- mmWave terminal If the mmWave terminal has a good strength of the downlink transmission signal of the legacy base station through the power strength information of the legacy base station, and the link with the mmWave base station is LoS / NLOS transition situation, mmWave terminal is transmitted to the legacy base station through the legacy uplink Send a fallback request message.
- the fallback request message includes sequence number status transfer (SN) information, aggregate maximum bit rate (UE-AMBR) information, UE security capability information, and legacy to determine from which packet to send the legacy downlink.
- SN sequence number status transfer
- UE-AMBR aggregate maximum bit rate
- UE security capability information UE security capability information
- legacy legacy to determine from which packet to send the legacy downlink.
- AS access stratum
- the SN state transmission information may indicate an SN for a downlink data packet not normally received when a LoS / NLoS transition occurs while the mmWave terminal receives downlink data transmission from the mmWave base station. Accordingly, the legacy base station receiving the SN state transmission information may transmit a downlink data packet indicated by the SN state transmission information to the mmWave terminal.
- the UE-AMBR information refers to the maximum transmission rate required for the terminal in consideration of QoS. Therefore, the UE-AMBR information is preferably determined to be an appropriate value in consideration of the sudden difference in transmission between the mmWave link and the legacy link.
- the UE security capability information is information representing a security algorithm allowed by the mmWave terminal.
- the legacy base station may encrypt signaling information, data packet, etc. to be transmitted from the legacy base station to the mmWave terminal based on the AS security base key information transmitted from the mmWave terminal.
- FIG. 17 (c) is a diagram for explaining a method of executing a fast fallback when the mmWave terminal detects a LoS / NLoS transition.
- the mmWave base station and the mmWave terminal may be configured to maintain the RRC connection state even after the fallback. That is, even after the fallback to the legacy base station, the mmWave base station and the mmWave terminal may remain in the RRC connection state to determine when the mmWave terminal will fallback release. Accordingly, the mmWave base station may transmit a reference signal for LoS / NLoS transition to the terminal in mmWave downlink even after the fallback.
- 19 is a diagram for describing a method of performing a fast fallback.
- the fast fallback method described below may be performed under the preconditions described above.
- matters necessary for performing the fast fallback of FIG. 19 may be referred to the contents of Sections 1 to 3 described above.
- an initial access process may be performed from the S-GW to the legacy base station, the legacy base station to the mmWave base station, and the mmWave base station to the mmWave terminal during initial access, and a radio bearer may be generated between each entity (S1910).
- the mmWave base station may transmit DL data through the mmWave link based on the RRC connection established with the mmWave terminal (S1930).
- the legacy base station may transmit resource related information on resources to be allocated to the terminal to the terminal in a periodic, semi-static or event triggering manner to the mmWave terminal (S1940).
- the resource related information of step S1940 may include mmWave temporary cell identifier and downlink transmit power strength information of the legacy base station (see Section 3.2.1).
- the resource related information may further include resource allocation information for the legacy uplink resource to transmit the fast fallback request message when performing the fallback.
- the mmWave terminal may detect a LoS / NLoS transition while communicating with the mmWave base station.
- the method of detecting whether the NLoS transition has occurred may refer to the contents described in Section 2 (S1950).
- the mmWave terminal may determine whether to perform fallback to the legacy base station based on the resource related information received in step S1940. For example, the mmWave terminal may determine whether it is appropriate to perform a fallback to the legacy base station based on the transmission power strength information. In addition, if the fallback is appropriate, the mmWave terminal may transmit the fallback request message through the legacy uplink resource region indicated by the resource allocation information using the mmWave temporary cell identifier.
- the legacy base station may provide a service from the legacy base station to the terminal by setting a S-GW and a preset bearer or S-GW and a new bearer. Also, the legacy base station may generate an AS security key for transmitting data to the terminal after the fallback, and allocate a resource region for transmitting downlink data to the terminal (S1970).
- the base station may transmit the AS security key and the resource allocation information generated in step S1970 to the terminal and transmit the DL data through the allocated resource region (S1980).
- FIG. 20 is a means by which the methods described in FIGS. 1 to 19 may be implemented.
- a user equipment may operate as a transmitter in uplink and a receiver in downlink.
- an e-Node B eNB
- eNB e-Node B
- the terminal and the base station may include transmitters 2040 and 2050 and receivers 2050 and 2070 to control the transmission and reception of information, data and / or messages, respectively.
- antennas 2000 and 2010 for transmitting and receiving messages.
- the terminal and the base station may each include a processor 2020 and 2030 for performing the above-described embodiments of the present invention and a memory 2080 and 2090 for temporarily or continuously storing the processing of the processor. Can be.
- Embodiments of the present invention can be performed using the components and functions of the above-described terminal and base station apparatus.
- the processor of the base station may generate the resource related information necessary for transmitting the fallback request message to the mmWave terminal by combining the methods described in Sections 1 to 3 described above, and transmit the information by controlling the transmitter.
- the processor of the mmWave terminal may determine whether a LoS / NLoS transition occurs by measuring and determining a channel condition, and may transmit a fallback request message to the base station based on the resource related information received from the base station. For details, refer to the contents of sections 1 to 3 described above.
- the transmitter and the receiver included in the terminal and the base station include a packet modulation and demodulation function, a high speed packet channel coding function, an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) packet scheduling, and a time division duplex (TDD) for data transmission. Packet scheduling and / or channel multiplexing may be performed.
- the terminal and the base station of FIG. 20 may further include a low power radio frequency (RF) / intermediate frequency (IF) module.
- RF radio frequency
- IF intermediate frequency
- the terminal is a personal digital assistant (PDA), a cellular phone, a personal communication service (PCS) phone, a GSM (Global System for Mobile) phone, a WCDMA (Wideband CDMA) phone, an MBS.
- PDA personal digital assistant
- PCS personal communication service
- GSM Global System for Mobile
- WCDMA Wideband CDMA
- MBS Multi Mode-Multi Band
- a smart phone is a terminal that combines the advantages of a mobile communication terminal and a personal portable terminal, and may mean a terminal incorporating data communication functions such as schedule management, fax transmission and reception, which are functions of a personal mobile terminal, in a mobile communication terminal.
- a multimode multiband terminal can be equipped with a multi-modem chip to operate in both portable Internet systems and other mobile communication systems (e.g., code division multiple access (CDMA) 2000 systems, wideband CDMA (WCDMA) systems, etc.). Speak the terminal.
- CDMA code division multiple access
- WCDMA wideband CDMA
- Embodiments of the invention may be implemented through various means.
- embodiments of the present invention may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
- the method according to embodiments of the present invention may include one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs). Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, and the like.
- ASICs application specific integrated circuits
- DSPs digital signal processors
- DSPDs digital signal processing devices
- PLDs programmable logic devices
- FPGAs Field programmable gate arrays
- processors controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, and the like.
- the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in the form of a module, a procedure, or a function that performs the functions or operations described above.
- software code may be stored in the memory units 2080 and 2090 and driven by the processors 2020 and 2030.
- the memory unit may be located inside or outside the processor, and may exchange data with the processor by various known means.
- Embodiments of the present invention can be applied to various wireless access systems.
- various radio access systems include 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), 3GPP2 and / or IEEE 802.xx (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers 802) systems.
- Embodiments of the present invention can be applied not only to the various radio access systems, but also to all technical fields to which the various radio access systems are applied.
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Abstract
Description
PDCCH 포맷 | CCE 개수 (n) | REG 개수 | PDCCH 비트 수 |
0 | 1 | 9 | 72 |
1 | 2 | 18 | 144 |
2 | 4 | 36 | 288 |
3 | 8 | 72 | 576 |
DCI 포맷 | 내용 |
Format 0 | Resource grants for PUSCH transmissions (uplink) |
Format 1 | Resource assignments for single codeword PDSCH transmission (transmission modes 1, 2 and 7) |
Format 1A | Compact signaling of resource assignments for sigle codeword PDSCH (all modes) |
Format 1B | Compact resource assignments for PDSCH using rank-1 closed loop precoding (mode 6) |
Format 1C | Very compact resource assignments for PDSCH (e.g., paging/broadcast system information) |
Format 1D | Compact resource assignments for PDSCH using multi-user MIMO(mode 5) |
Format 2 | Resource assignments for PDSCH for closed loop MIMO operation (mode 4) |
Format 2A | resource assignments for PDSCH for open loop MIMO operation (mode 3) |
Format 3/3A | Power control commands for PUCCH and PUSCH with 2-bit/1-bit power adjustment |
Format 4 | Scheduling of PUSCH in one UL cell with multi-antenna port transmission mode |
PDCCH 포맷 | CCE 개수 (n) | CSS에서 후보 개수 | USS에서 후보 개수 |
0 | 1 | - | 6 |
1 | 2 | - | 6 |
2 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
3 | 8 | 2 | 2 |
layer | State | Signaling entity | 설명 |
EMM | EMM-Deregistered | UE, MME | LTE 네트워크에 단말이 attach 되지 않음, MME는 단말의 위치 정보를 모름, 하지만 MME는 그 단말의 tracking area 정보는 알고 있음 |
EMM-Registered | UE, MME | LTE 네트워크에 단말이 attach 된 상태, IP가 단말에 할당됨, EPS bearer 초기화, MME는 단말의 초기 위치 정보, tracking area 정보 앎 | |
ECM | ECM-Idle | UE, MME | NAS signaling connection이 초기화 안됨, 단말에 Physical 자원들이 할당 안됨, i.e. radio resources (SRB/DRB), network resources (s1 bearer/s1 signaling connection) |
ECM-Connected | UE, MME | NAS signaling connection이 초기화, 단말에 Physical 자원들이 할당, i.e. radio resources (SRB/DRB), network resources (s1 bearer/s1 signaling connection) | |
RRC | RRC-Idle | UE, eNB | RRC 초기화 안됨 |
RRC-Connected | UE, eNB | RRC connection 초기화 |
Claims (10)
- 밀리미터웨이브(mmWave)를 지원하는 무선접속 시스템에서 단말이 빠른 폴백을 수행하는 방법에 있어서,mmWave 기지국 및 레가시 기지국과 각각 무선자원제어(RRC) 연결을 설정하는 단계;상기 mmWave 기지국으로부터 전송되는 하향링크 데이터를 수신하는 단계;상기 레가시 기지국으로부터 상기 빠른 폴백을 위해 할당할 자원과 관련된 자원 관련 정보를 수신하는 단계;상기 mmWave 기지국과의 mmWave 링크에 NLoS(Non-Light of Sight) 천이가 발생하는지 여부를 검출하는 단계; 및상기 NLoS 천이가 발생하면 상기 레가시 기지국으로 상기 빠른 폴백을 수행하기 위해 폴백 요청 메시지를 전송하는 단계를 포함하는, 빠른 폴백 수행 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 자원 관련 정보는 임시 셀 식별자 및 상기 레가시 기지국의 하향링크 전송 전력 세기 정보를 포함하는, 빠른 폴백 수행 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 자원 관련 정보는 상기 폴백 요청 메시지가 전송될 자원 영역을 할당하기 위한 자원할당정보를 더 포함하는, 빠른 폴백 수행 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 폴백 요청 메시지는 시퀀스번호(SN) 상태 전송 정보, 상기 단말에 요구되는 최대 전송 비율에 대한 정보, 상기 단말에 대한 보안 알고리즘 및 상기 레가시 기지국에 대한 AS 보안 베이스 키를 포함하는, 빠른 폴백 수행 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 레가시 기지국과 폴백 과정을 수행한 이후, 상기 레가시 기지국으로부터 하향링크 데이터를 수신하는 단계를 더 포함하되,상기 단말은 상기 레가시 기지국과의 폴백 과정 이후에도 상기 mmWave 기지국과의 RRC 연결은 해제하지 않고 계속 유지하는, 빠른 폴백 수행 방법.
- 밀리미터웨이브(mmWave)를 지원하는 무선접속 시스템에서 빠른 폴백을 수행하는 단말에 있어서,송신기;수신기; 및상기 송신기 및 상기 수신기와 기능적으로 연결되어 상기 빠른 폴백을 지원하도록 구성된 프로세서를 포함하되,상기 프로세서는:mmWave 기지국 및 레가시 기지국과 각각 무선자원제어(RRC) 연결을 설정하고;상기 mmWave 기지국으로부터 전송되는 하향링크 데이터를 상기 수신기를 통해 수신하고;상기 레가시 기지국으로부터 상기 빠른 폴백을 위해 할당할 자원과 관련된 자원 관련 정보를 상기 수신기를 통해 수신하고;상기 mmWave 기지국과의 mmWave 링크에 NLoS(Non-Light of Sight) 천이가 발생하는지 여부를 검출하고;상기 NLoS 천이가 발생하면 상기 레가시 기지국으로 상기 빠른 폴백을 수행하기 위해 폴백 요청 메시지를 상기 송신기를 통해 전송하도록 구성되는, 단말.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 자원 관련 정보는 임시 셀 식별자 및 상기 레가시 기지국의 하향링크 전송 전력 세기 정보를 포함하는, 단말.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 자원 관련 정보는 상기 폴백 요청 메시지가 전송될 자원 영역을 할당하기 위한 자원할당정보를 더 포함하는, 단말.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 폴백 요청 메시지는 시퀀스번호(SN) 상태 전송 정보, 상기 단말에 요구되는 최대 전송 비율에 대한 정보, 상기 단말에 대한 보안 알고리즘 및 상기 레가시 기지국에 대한 AS 보안 베이스 키를 포함하는, 단말.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 프로세서는:상기 레가시 기지국과 폴백 과정을 수행한 이후, 상기 레가시 기지국으로부터 하향링크 데이터를 상기 수신기를 통해 수신하되,상기 프로세서는 상기 레가시 기지국과의 폴백 과정 이후에도 상기 mmWave 기지국과의 RRC 연결은 해제하지 않고 계속 유지하도록 구성되는, 단말.
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