WO2016041431A1 - 一种考虑负荷低电压释放特性的综合负荷模型建模方法 - Google Patents

一种考虑负荷低电压释放特性的综合负荷模型建模方法 Download PDF

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WO2016041431A1
WO2016041431A1 PCT/CN2015/087937 CN2015087937W WO2016041431A1 WO 2016041431 A1 WO2016041431 A1 WO 2016041431A1 CN 2015087937 W CN2015087937 W CN 2015087937W WO 2016041431 A1 WO2016041431 A1 WO 2016041431A1
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load
motor
low voltage
static
reactive power
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PCT/CN2015/087937
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French (fr)
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王�琦
易俊
赵兵
汤涌
刘丽平
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中国电力科学研究院
国家电网公司
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks

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  • the invention relates to a modeling method, in particular to a comprehensive load model modeling method considering load low voltage release characteristics.
  • the load low voltage release occurs when the disturbance occurs many times in the actual power grid. Take Shanghai Power Grid as an example. On June 27, 1998, Shanghai Yunzao No. 1 main transformer 220 knives mechanism box water, causing two-phase short circuit. The direct power-off load caused by this accident was 200MW, but the low voltage release load was Up to 500MW. The main reason is the transient low voltage caused by the two-phase fault of the high-voltage power grid of Shanghai Power Grid, resulting in low-voltage tripping of a large number of induction motor loads. In addition, in the fault recording data of the northeast disturbance, the recorded data of some substations are also found to be inconsistent with the steady-state values before and after the disturbance, that is, the phenomenon of low voltage release occurs.
  • the existing load model is difficult to describe. Therefore, the load low voltage release characteristics are deeply studied, and the load model considering the load low voltage release characteristics is constructed to improve the accuracy of the digital simulation of the power system. Significance.
  • the traditional load model should be used in the process of studying the low voltage release modeling of the load. Based on the structure, it highlights its low voltage release characteristics.
  • the present invention provides a modeling method for a comprehensive load model that considers the load low voltage release characteristic, and introduces a criticality when a load starts to be largely cut in an existing comprehensive load model considering a power distribution network.
  • Characteristic parameters such as the voltage, the voltage drop from the voltage to the critical voltage to the time when the load starts to be cut off a lot, the ratio of the load with low voltage protection in the total load, etc., are used to describe the characteristics of the low voltage release of the disturbing intermediate load.
  • the model overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional dynamic load model that cannot describe the load low voltage release characteristics, and improves the accuracy and credibility of the power system simulation calculation.
  • the invention provides an integrated load model modeling method considering load low voltage release characteristics, the integrated load model includes a static load model and a motor load model; the method comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Establish a static load model based on the static load low voltage release characteristics
  • Step 2 Establish a motor load model based on the motor load low voltage release characteristic
  • Step 3 Determine the active power and reactive power output from the integrated load model.
  • the active power and the reactive power of the static load are respectively expressed as: before the failure of the power grid and after the static load has not been released.
  • P s and Q s are the active power and reactive power of the static load before the failure of the grid before the failure of the static load and the static load;
  • P s0 and Q s0 are the active power of the static load at steady state respectively.
  • Reactive power P Z and Q Z are the constant impedance partial active power ratio and reactive power ratio in the static load, respectively;
  • P I and Q I are the constant current partial active power ratio and the reactive power ratio in the static load, respectively;
  • P P and Q P are the constant power part active power ratio and the reactive power ratio in the static load, respectively;
  • V is the actual voltage amplitude of the load bus, and V 0 is the load bus voltage amplitude at steady state;
  • k s1 , k s2 , ..., k sm are the ratios of the static loads with the first, second, ..., m low-voltage protection devices in the total static load, respectively.
  • step 2 when the power load fails and the motor load has not been released after the fault occurs, the motor load is satisfied:
  • E' d is the motor d-axis transient electromotive force
  • E' q is the motor q-axis transient electromotive force
  • T' is the motor open-circuit transient time constant
  • T 0 is the motor's reference mechanical torque
  • A, B and C are Mechanical torque coefficient
  • is the angular velocity of the rotor;
  • R s is the stator resistance
  • U d is the d-axis component of the stator terminal voltage
  • U q is the q-axis component of the stator terminal voltage
  • the active power P m and the reactive power Q m absorbed by the motor load are expressed as:
  • k mI , k mII , ..., k mn are the ratio of the motor load with the first, II, ..., n low-voltage protection devices in the total motor load.
  • step 3 the active power and the reactive power output by the integrated load model are respectively expressed as:
  • P and Q are the active power and reactive power output respectively of the integrated load model.
  • the present invention introduces a threshold voltage when the load starts to be cut off a large amount, a delay from a voltage drop to a threshold voltage to a large amount of cut of the load, and a load with a low voltage protection at the total load.
  • Characteristic parameters such as the ratio in the middle, used to describe the characteristics of the low voltage release of the disturbance intermediate load.
  • the integrated load model overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional load model that cannot describe the load low voltage release characteristics at low voltages.
  • the dynamic characteristics of the load in the power system simulation analysis at the low voltage are closer to the characteristics of the real load, which provides a guarantee for improving the credibility of the power system simulation analysis.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a comprehensive load model considering load low voltage release characteristics in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a simulation of a static load low voltage release characteristic in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a simulation of a low voltage release characteristic of a motor load in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a graph showing the fitting of reactive power in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a comprehensive load model modeling method that considers a load low voltage release characteristic, the integrated load model including a static load model and a motor load model; the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Establish a static load model based on the static load low voltage release characteristics
  • Step 2 Establish a motor load model based on the motor load low voltage release characteristic
  • Step 3 Determine the active power and reactive power output from the integrated load model.
  • the active power and the reactive power of the static load are respectively expressed as:
  • P s and Q s are the active power and reactive power of the static load before the failure of the grid before the failure of the static load and the static load;
  • P s0 and Q s0 are the active power of the static load at steady state respectively.
  • Reactive power P Z and Q Z are the constant power part active power ratio and reactive power ratio in static load respectively;
  • P I and Q I are the constant current part active power ratio and reactive power ratio in static load respectively;
  • P P and Q P are the constant power part active power ratio and the reactive power ratio in the static load, respectively;
  • V is the actual voltage amplitude of the load bus, and V 0 is the load bus voltage amplitude at steady state;
  • U s1 is defined as the threshold voltage value at which a static load with a first type of low-voltage protection device begins to be largely cut off, and t s1 is defined as a large amount from the voltage drop to U s1 to the static load with the first low-voltage protection device.
  • the time delay of the cut, k s1 is the ratio of the static load with the first low-voltage protection device in the total static load;
  • U s2 is defined as the threshold voltage value at which a static load with a second type of low-voltage protection device begins to be largely cut off, and t s2 is defined as a large amount from the voltage drop to U s2 to the static load with the second low-voltage protection device.
  • the time delay of the cut, k s2 is the ratio of the static load with the second low-voltage protection device in the total static load;
  • U sm is defined as the threshold voltage value at which a static load with the mth low-voltage protection device begins to be largely cut off
  • t sm is defined as a large amount from the voltage drop to U sm to the static load with the mth low-voltage protection device.
  • the time delay of the cut, k sm is the ratio of the static load with the mth type of low-voltage protection device in the total static load;
  • k s1 , k s2 , ..., k sm are the ratios of the static loads with the first, second, ..., m low-voltage protection devices in the total static load, respectively.
  • E' d is the motor d-axis transient electromotive force
  • E' q is the motor q-axis transient electromotive force
  • T' is the motor open-circuit transient time constant
  • T 0 is the motor's reference mechanical torque
  • A, B and C are Mechanical torque coefficient
  • is the angular velocity of the rotor;
  • R s is the stator resistance
  • U d is the d-axis component of the stator terminal voltage
  • U q is the q-axis component of the stator terminal voltage
  • the active power P m and the reactive power Q m absorbed by the motor load are expressed as:
  • U mI is defined as the threshold voltage value at which the motor load with the first type of low-voltage protection device starts to be largely cut off
  • t mI is defined as a large amount from the voltage drop to U mI to the motor load with the first type of low-voltage protection device.
  • the time delay of the cutoff, k mI is the ratio of the motor load with the first type of low voltage protection device to the total motor load;
  • U mII is defined as the threshold voltage value at which a motor load with a Type II low-voltage protection device begins to be largely cut off, and t mII is defined as a large amount from the voltage drop to U mII to the motor load with the II low-voltage protection device.
  • the time delay of the resection, k mII is the ratio of the motor load with the second type of low-voltage protection device to the total motor load;
  • U mn is defined as the threshold voltage value at which the motor load with the nth low-voltage protection device starts to be largely cut off
  • t mn is defined as a large amount from the voltage drop to U mn to the motor load with the nth low-voltage protection device.
  • the time delay of the cut, k mn is the ratio of the motor load with the nth low voltage protection device to the total motor load;
  • k mI , k mII , ..., k mn are the ratio of the motor load with the first, II, ..., n low-voltage protection devices in the total motor load.
  • step 3 the active power and the reactive power output by the integrated load model are respectively expressed as:
  • P and Q are the active power and reactive power output respectively of the integrated load model.

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Abstract

一种考虑负荷低电压释放特性的综合负荷模型的建模方法,其中综合负荷模型包括静态负荷模型和电动机负荷模型。该方法包括以下步骤:步骤1:根据静态负荷低电压释放特性建立静态负荷模型;步骤2:根据电动机负荷低电压释放特性建立电动机负荷模型;步骤3:确定综合负荷模型输出的有功功率和无功功率。该模型克服了传统动态负荷模型无法描述负荷低电压释放特性的缺点,提高了电力系统仿真计算的准确性与可信度。

Description

一种考虑负荷低电压释放特性的综合负荷模型建模方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种建模方法,具体涉及一种考虑负荷低电压释放特性的综合负荷模型建模方法。
背景技术
随着电力系统互联程度的提高,电网在故障下的动态特性变得越来越复杂,为了提高电网的安全性预防大停电事故的发生,在电网规划和运行中往往需要对电网在特定状态下的特性进行全面了解。因为一方面电网自身的要求决定了不可能在实际电网中做实验来研究系统稳定性,另外一方面仿真所针对的运行状态往往是未来的预想情况,实际当中还没有发生,所以也决定了不可能在实际系统中对电网的稳定性进行研究。在这种情况下仿真就成了电网运行、规划、设计必不可少的工具。
实际电网中多次出现了扰动时发生负荷低电压释放现象。以上海电网为例,1998年6月27日上海蕴藻浜1号主变220闸刀机构箱进水,造成两相短路,此次事故造成的直接停电负荷为200MW,但低电压释放负荷却高达500MW。主要原因是上海电网高压电网两相故障造成的暂态低电压,导致大批感应电动机负荷发生低压脱扣。此外,在东北大扰动的故障录波数据中,也采集到一些变电站的录波数据出现了扰动前后稳态值不一致的情况,也即出现了低电压释放现象。针对实际电网出现扰动时负荷低电压释放现象,现有的负荷模型难以描述,因此深入研究负荷低电压释放特性,构建考虑负荷低电压释放特性的负荷模型,对提高电力系统数字仿真计算准确度具有重要的意义。
由于电力负荷在表现出低电压释放的特性中,也同时表现出传统感应电动机负荷和静态负荷组成的综合负荷的特点,故在研究负荷的低电压释放建模的过程中,应该以传统负荷模型结构为基础,突出其低电压释放特性。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种考虑负荷低电压释放特性的综合负荷模型的建模方法,在现有的考虑配电网络的综合负荷模型中引入负荷开始大量切除时的临界电压、从电压降低到临界电压到负荷开始大量切除的时延、带有低压保护的负荷在总的负荷中的比例等特征参数,用来描述扰动中间负荷低电压释放的特性。该模型克服了传统动态负荷模型无法描述负荷低电压释放特性的缺点,提高了电力系统仿真计算的准确性与可信度。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明采取如下技术方案:
本发明提供一种考虑负荷低电压释放特性的综合负荷模型建模方法,所述综合负荷模型包括静态负荷模型和电动机负荷模型;所述方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1:根据静态负荷低电压释放特性建立静态负荷模型;
步骤2:根据电动机负荷低电压释放特性建立电动机负荷模型;
步骤3:确定综合负荷模型输出的有功功率和无功功率。
所述步骤1中,电网发生故障前和故障后静态负荷尚未发生低电压释放时,静态负荷的有功功率和无功功率分别表示为:
Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-000001
其中,Ps和Qs分别为电网发生故障前和故障后静态负荷尚未发生低电压释放时静态负荷的有功功率和无功功率;Ps0和Qs0分别为稳态时静态负荷的有功功率和无功功率;PZ和QZ分别为静态负荷中的恒定阻抗部分有功功率比例和无功功率比例;PI和QI分别为静态负荷中的恒定电流部分有功功率比例和无功功率比例;PP和QP分别为静态负荷中的恒定功率部分有功功率比例和无功功率比例;V为负荷母线实际电压幅值,V0为稳态时负荷母线电压幅值;
设故障清除后有m种带有低压保护装置的静态负荷满足低压释放条件,则静态负荷的有功功率P′s和无功功率Q′s分别表示为:
Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-000002
其中,ks1、ks2、…、ksm分别为带有第1、2、…、m种低压保护装置的静态负荷在总的静态负荷中的比例。
所述步骤2中,电网发生故障前和故障后电动机负荷尚未发生低电压释放时,电动机负荷满足:
Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-000003
其中,E′d为电动机d轴瞬变电动势,E′q为电动机q轴瞬变电动势;T′为电动机开路暂态时间常数,T0为电动机的基准机械转矩;A、B和C为机械转矩系数;X为转子开路电抗,且X=XS+XM,其中XS为定子电抗,XM为激磁电抗;X′为转子堵转时的定子等值电抗,且X′=XS+XMXr/(Xr+Xm),Xr为转子电抗;ω为转子的角速度;Id为定子电流d轴分量,Iq为定子电流q轴分量,分别表示为:
Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-000004
其中,Rs为定子电阻,Ud为定子端电压d轴分量,Uq为定子端电压q轴分量;
电动机负荷吸收的有功功率Pm和无功功率Qm分别表示为:
Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-000005
设故障清除后有n种带有低压保护装置的电动机负荷满足低压释放条件,则电动机负荷的有功功率P′m和无功功率Q′m分别表示为:
Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-000006
其中,kmI、kmII、…、kmn为带有第I、II、…、n种低压保护装置的电动机负荷在总的电动机负荷中的比例。
所述步骤3中,综合负荷模型输出的有功功率和无功功率分别表示为:
Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-000007
其中,P和Q分别为综合负荷模型输出的有功功率和无功功率。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明在现有的考虑配电网络的综合负荷模型中引入负荷开始大量切除时的临界电压、从电压降低到临界电压到负荷开始大量切除的时延、带有低压保护的负荷在总的负荷中的比例等特征参数,用来描述扰动中间负荷低电压释放的特性。综合负荷模型克服了传统负荷模型在低电压时无法描述负荷低电压释放特性的缺点。使电力系统仿真分析中负荷在低电压时表现出来的动态特性更加逼近真实负荷的特性,为提高电力系统仿真分析的可信度提供了保障。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例中考虑负荷低电压释放特性的综合负荷模型结构图;
图2是本发明实施例中静态负荷低电压释放特性模拟框图;
图3是本发明实施例中电动机负荷低电压释放特性模拟框图;
图4是本发明实施例中有功功率拟合曲线图;
图5是本发明实施例中无功功率拟合曲线图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
如图1,本发明提供一种考虑负荷低电压释放特性的综合负荷模型建模方法,所述综合负荷模型包括静态负荷模型和电动机负荷模型;所述方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1:根据静态负荷低电压释放特性建立静态负荷模型;
步骤2:根据电动机负荷低电压释放特性建立电动机负荷模型;
步骤3:确定综合负荷模型输出的有功功率和无功功率。
如图2,所述步骤1中,电网发生故障前和故障后静态负荷尚未发生低电压释放时,静态负荷的有功功率和无功功率分别表示为:
Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-000008
其中,Ps和Qs分别为电网发生故障前和故障后静态负荷尚未发生低电压释放时静态负荷的有功功率和无功功率;Ps0和Qs0分别为稳态时静态负荷的有功功率和无功功率;PZ和QZ分 别为静态负荷中的恒定阻抗部分有功功率比例和无功功率比例;PI和QI分别为静态负荷中的恒定电流部分有功功率比例和无功功率比例;PP和QP分别为静态负荷中的恒定功率部分有功功率比例和无功功率比例;V为负荷母线实际电压幅值,V0为稳态时负荷母线电压幅值;
Us1定义为带有第1种低压保护装置的静态负荷开始大量切除时的临界电压标幺值,ts1定义为从电压降低到Us1至带有第1种低压保护装置的静态负荷开始大量切除的时延,ks1为带有第1种低压保护装置的静态负荷在总的静态负荷中的比例;
Us2定义为带有第2种低压保护装置的静态负荷开始大量切除时的临界电压标幺值,ts2定义为从电压降低到Us2至带有第2种低压保护装置的静态负荷开始大量切除的时延,ks2为带有第2种低压保护装置的静态负荷在总的静态负荷中的比例;
Usm定义为带有第m种低压保护装置的静态负荷开始大量切除时的临界电压标幺值,tsm定义为从电压降低到Usm至带有第m种低压保护装置的静态负荷开始大量切除的时延,ksm为带有第m种低压保护装置的静态负荷在总的静态负荷中的比例;
当电压降低到Us1时开始计时,在持续低电压时间达到ts1时,静态负荷低电压释放ks1倍的静态负荷;当电压降低到Us2时开始计时,在持续低电压时间达到ts2时,静态负荷低电压释放ks2倍的静态负荷;设故障清清除后有m种带有低压保护装置的静态负荷满足低压释放条件,则静态负荷的有功功率P′s和无功功率Q′s分别表示为:
Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-000009
其中,ks1、ks2、…、ksm分别为带有第1、2、…、m种低压保护装置的静态负荷在总的静态负荷中的比例。
如图3,所述步骤2中,电网发生故障前和故障后电动机负荷尚未发生低电压释放时,电动机负荷满足:
Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-000010
其中,E′d为电动机d轴瞬变电动势,E′q为电动机q轴瞬变电动势;T′为电动机开路暂态时间常数,T0为电动机的基准机械转矩;A、B和C为机械转矩系数;X为转子开路电抗,且X=XS+XM,其中XS为定子电抗,XM为激磁电抗;X′为转子堵转时的定子等值电抗,且X′=XS+XMXr/(Xr+Xm),Xr为转子电抗;ω为转子的角速度;Id为定子电流d轴分量,Iq为定子电流q轴分量,分别表示为:
Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-000011
其中,Rs为定子电阻,Ud为定子端电压d轴分量,Uq为定子端电压q轴分量;
电动机负荷吸收的有功功率Pm和无功功率Qm分别表示为:
Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-000012
UmI定义为带有第I种低压保护装置的电动机负荷开始大量切除时的临界电压标幺值,tmI定义为从电压降低到UmI至带有第I种低压保护装置的电动机负荷开始大量切除的时延,kmI为带有第I种低压保护装置的电动机负荷在总的电动机负荷中的比例;
UmII定义为带有第II种低压保护装置的电动机负荷开始大量切除时的临界电压标幺值,tmII定义为从电压降低到UmII至带有第II种低压保护装置的电动机负荷开始大量切除的时延,kmII为带有第II种低压保护装置的电动机负荷在总的电动机负荷中的比例;
Umn定义为带有第n种低压保护装置的电动机负荷开始大量切除时的临界电压标幺值,tmn定义为从电压降低到Umn至带有第n种低压保护装置的电动机负荷开始大量切除的时延, kmn为带有第n种低压保护装置的电动机负荷在总的电动机负荷中的比例;
当电压降低到UmI时开始计时,在持续低电压时间达到tmI时,电动机负荷低电压释放kmI倍的电动机负荷;当电压降低到UmII时开始计时,在持续低电压时间达到tmII时,电动机负荷低电压释放kmII倍的电动机负荷;设故障清除后有n种带有低压保护装置的电动机负荷满足低压释放条件,则电动机负荷的有功功率P′m和无功功率Q′m分别表示为:
Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-000013
其中,kmI、kmII、…、kmn为带有第I、II、…、n种低压保护装置的电动机负荷在总的电动机负荷中的比例。
所述步骤3中,综合负荷模型输出的有功功率和无功功率分别表示为:
Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-000014
其中,P和Q分别为综合负荷模型输出的有功功率和无功功率。
实施例
为验证本发明所提出的考虑负荷低电压释放特性的负荷模型的有效性,取1条实测数据,该数据在电压扰动期间失去了部分负荷,将负荷模型的传统参数和特征参数代入负荷模型方程,得到有功功率和无功功率的拟合曲线如图4和图5所示。对比分析有功功率和无功功率的拟合曲线,可以看到采用这种考虑负荷低电压释放特性的负荷模型进行拟合时效果明显好于现有的负荷模型,与现有的负荷模型相比,考虑负荷低电压释放特性的负荷模型能够更好地描述稳定分析中负荷低电压脱扣现象,使故障后仿真计算中的系统特性更逼近真实的系统行为,提高了仿真计算分析的可信度,为电力系统制订科学的运行、控制方案提供了保障。
最后应当说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制,所属领域的普通技术人员参照上述实施例依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换,这些未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换,均在申请待批的本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种考虑负荷低电压释放特性的综合负荷模型建模方法,其特征在于:所述综合负荷模型包括静态负荷模型和电动机负荷模型;所述方法包括以下步骤:
    步骤1:根据静态负荷低电压释放特性建立静态负荷模型;
    步骤2:根据电动机负荷低电压释放特性建立电动机负荷模型;
    步骤3:确定综合负荷模型输出的有功功率和无功功率。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的考虑负荷低电压释放特性的综合负荷模型建模方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1中,电网发生故障前和故障后静态负荷尚未发生低电压释放时,静态负荷的有功功率和无功功率分别表示为:
    Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-100001
    其中,Ps和Qs分别为电网发生故障前和故障后静态负荷尚未发生低电压释放时静态负荷的有功功率和无功功率;Ps0和Qs0分别为稳态时静态负荷的有功功率和无功功率;PZ和QZ分别为静态负荷中的恒定阻抗部分有功功率比例和无功功率比例;PI和QI分别为静态负荷中的恒定电流部分有功功率比例和无功功率比例;PP和QP分别为静态负荷中的恒定功率部分有功功率比例和无功功率比例;V为负荷母线实际电压幅值,V0为稳态时负荷母线电压幅值;
    设故障清除后有m种带有低压保护装置的静态负荷满足低压释放条件,则静态负荷的有功功率Ps′和无功功率Qs′分别表示为:
    Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-100002
    其中,ks1、ks2、…、ksm分别为带有第1、2、…、m种低压保护装置的静态负荷在总的静态负荷中的比例。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的考虑负荷低电压释放特性的综合负荷模型建模方法,其特征在于:所述步骤2中,电网发生故障前和故障后电动机负荷尚未发生低电压释放时,电动机负荷满足:
    Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-100003
    其中,Ed′为电动机d轴瞬变电动势,Eq′为电动机q轴瞬变电动势;T′为电动机开路暂态时间常数,T0为电动机的基准机械转矩;A、B和C为机械转矩系数;X为转子开路电抗,且X=XS+XM,其中XS为定子电抗,XM为激磁电抗;X′为转子堵转时的定子等值电抗,且X′=XS+XMXr/(Xr+Xm),Xr为转子电抗;ω为转子的角速度;Id为定子电流d轴分量,Iq为定子电流q轴分量,分别表示为:
    Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-100004
    其中,Rs为定子电阻,Ud为定子端电压d轴分量,Uq为定子端电压q轴分量;
    电动机负荷吸收的有功功率Pm和无功功率Qm分别表示为:
    Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-100005
    设故障清除后有n种带有低压保护装置的电动机负荷满足低压释放条件,则电动机负荷的有功功率Pm′和无功功率Qm′分别表示为:
    Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-100006
    其中,kmI、kmII、…、kmn为带有第I、II、…、n种低压保护装置的电动机负荷在总的电动机负荷中的比例。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的考虑负荷低电压释放特性的综合负荷模型建模方法,其特征在于:所述步骤3中,综合负荷模型输出的有功功率和无功功率分别表示为:
    Figure PCTCN2015087937-appb-100007
    其中,P和Q分别为综合负荷模型输出的有功功率和无功功率。
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