WO2016039609A1 - High-strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime, preparation method, and use thereof in mortars and concretes - Google Patents

High-strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime, preparation method, and use thereof in mortars and concretes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016039609A1
WO2016039609A1 PCT/MX2014/000140 MX2014000140W WO2016039609A1 WO 2016039609 A1 WO2016039609 A1 WO 2016039609A1 MX 2014000140 W MX2014000140 W MX 2014000140W WO 2016039609 A1 WO2016039609 A1 WO 2016039609A1
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Prior art keywords
lime
high strength
hydraulic lime
hydraulic
calcium
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PCT/MX2014/000140
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Javier Isaías ALANÍS ORTEGA
Original Assignee
Alanís Ortega Javier Isaías
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Priority to MX2016007034A priority Critical patent/MX2016007034A/en
Priority to PCT/MX2014/000140 priority patent/WO2016039609A1/en
Publication of WO2016039609A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016039609A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/18—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
    • C04B28/186—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type containing formed Ca-silicates before the final hardening step
    • C04B28/188—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type containing formed Ca-silicates before the final hardening step the Ca-silicates being present in the starting mixture
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/18—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/18—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
    • C04B28/182—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type based on calcium silicate forming mixtures not containing lime or lime producing ingredients, e.g. waterglass based mixtures heated with a calcium salt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/18—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
    • C04B28/184—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type based on an oxide other than lime
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/18—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
    • C04B28/186—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type containing formed Ca-silicates before the final hardening step

Definitions

  • the field of this invention relates to a novel high-strength and low carbon footprint hydraulic lime, based on a mixture of hydrated calcium and / or dolomitic lime, natural pozzolana and hydraulic cement.
  • the high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime with low carbon footprint is used in mortars and concrete.
  • Portland cement is the main cement in mortar and concrete.
  • CPO Ordinary Portland Cement
  • the lime groups established by EN 459: 2010 / UNE-EN 459: 20 are: Natural hydraulic lime (NHL), hydraulic lime (HL) and formulated hydraulic lime (FL).
  • Natural hydraulic lime is a lime with hydraulic properties produced by the calcination of more or less clayey or siliceous limestones, (including crete) with dust reduction by shutdown, with or without grinding. It has the property of setting and hardening when mixed with water and by reaction with the carbon dioxide present in the air (carbonation). There are three classes according to their hydraulicity. High hydraulic (NHL5), medium hydraulic (NHL3.5) and low hydraulic (NHL2).
  • Hydraulic lime is a binder consisting of lime and other materials such as cement, blast furnace slag, fly ash, limestone filler (cargo) and other suitable materials. It has the property of setting and hardening with water. The carbon dioxide present in the air also contributes to the hardening process. There are three types according to their hydraulicity. High hydraulic (HL5), medium hydraulic (HL3.5) and low hydraulic (HL2).
  • the formulated lime (FL) is a lime with hydraulic properties, mainly composed of aerial lime (CL) and / or natural hydraulic lime (NHL) with added hydraulic or pozzolanic material. It has the property of setting and hardening when mixed with water and by reaction of carbon dioxide present in the air (carbonation). There are three types according to their hydraulicity. High hydraulic (FL5), medium hydraulic (FL3.5) and low hydraulic (FL2).
  • Hydrated hydraulic lime is the product resulting from the hydration of hydraulic quicklime, usually a powder without any addition with or without grinding. It has the property of setting and hardening under water and also by reaction with carbon dioxide in the air.
  • Lime composed mainly of calcium calcium hydroxide silica (Si0 2 ) and alumina (AI2O3) or synthetic mixtures of similar composition. It has the property of setting and hardening even underwater.
  • Mexican Patent number MXNL04000081 describes a cementitious masonry made by a homogeneous mixture based on hydrated lime Ca (OH) 2 (42-48%), pozzolanic sand (mixture of alumina silica and minerals) (42 -48%), quicklime CaO (7-11%) and gypsum CaS0 4 (2.5-3-5%); Portland cement free.
  • the invention mentions that it has moderate compressive strength values compatible with the construction materials and methods of our country, without showing results in the document presented.
  • Mexican Patent number MXPA04011 81 describes a mortar of pozzolanic lime based on pozzolanic clay and quicklime in proportions 1: 4 to 2: 1 quicklime: pozzolan; Portland cement free.
  • the invention mentions that it has moderate compressive strength values compatible with the construction materials and methods of our country, without showing results in the document presented. Therefore, the values cannot be compared with a mortar made with a natural hydraulic lime (NHL), a hydraulic lime (HL), a formulated hydraulic lime (FL) or with a mortar made with Portland cement; nor does it refer to its application in concrete; In addition, it is not mentioned that it is formulated based on a mixture of hydrated calcium and / or dolomitic lime, natural pozzolana and hydraulic cement.
  • U.S. Patent No. 20120304895 describes a composition of a hydraulic lime comprising a mixture of: Hydrated Lime Ca (OH) 2 with various synthetic pozzolanic additives such as: calcined kaolin, microsilic, precipitated silica, pyrogenic silica, etc.
  • Mortars manufactured with this hydraulic lime although it is true that they develop higher compressive strengths than a mixture of hydrated lime Ca (OH) 2 and sand; only the resistance values of the control mortar of a natural hydraulic lime 5 (NHL5) reach and the strengths are not compared with those of a mortar made with Portland cement; nor does it refer to its application in concrete; In addition, it is not mentioned that it is formulated based on a mixture of hydrated calcium and / or dolomitic lime, natural pozzolana and hydraulic cement.
  • the invention relates to a novel high resistance and low carbon footprint hydraulic lime, based on a mixture of hydrated calcium and / or dolomitic lime, natural pozzolana and hydraulic cement. Particularly, it is a high strength and low carbon footprint hydraulic lime comprising: a) .- From 40 to 60% of hydrated calcium and / or dolomitic lime,
  • the invention relates to a novel high resistance and low carbon footprint hydraulic lime, based on a mixture of hydrated calcium and / or dolomitic lime, natural pozzolana and hydraulic cement. Particularly, it is a quick setting and high compressive strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime comprising the following materials:
  • the limes used are preferably calcium hydrated lime Ca (OH) 2 and Type S lime or double hydrated dolomitic lime CaMg (OH) 4 .
  • Calcium hydrated lime is mainly composed of calcium hydroxides with an approximate composition of: Ca (OH) 2 : 80.00 to 82.00%. Particle size expressed in retained in US mesh 200 mesh: 10.00%; and is in accordance with the standard NMX-C-003-ONNCCE-2010. Which is manufactured and sold under the trademark "Calidra ® " by Cal de Apasco SA (Grupo Calidra SA CV). You can also use calcium hydrated lime with a Ca (OH) 2 content: 90.00 to 93.00%.
  • Type S Lime or double-hydrated dolomitic lime CaMg (OH) 4 is mainly composed of calcium and magnesium hydroxides CaMg (OH) 4 with an approximate composition of: Ca (OH) 2 : 60.00 to 69.00%, Mg (OH) 2 : 16.00 to 25.00%, MgO / CaO free: 0.5 max., Particle size expressed in retained in US mesh 200 mesh: 5.00% max, and in US mesh 325: 10.00% max.
  • Type S or double hydrated dolomitic limes of the Mortarseal ® and / or Super Limoid S ® brands manufactured by Graymont Dolime (OH) Inc. Genoa, Ohio may also be used.
  • Natural pozzolana is preferably a natural silica with properties pozzolanic, which meets the characteristics established by ASTM C-618; with a content of: Si0 2 + Al 2 0 3 + Fe 2 0 3 of: ⁇ 91.00%. Particle size expressed as retained in US mesh 325: 5.00% max. Which is manufactured and sold under the trademark of "Microsilex ® )" (Grupo Cementos Chihuahua SA de CV).
  • a zeolite-clinoptilolite of the trademark "ZeoPoz ® )" manufactured by Granding International SA CV can also be used as a natural pozzolan; with a content of: S ⁇ 0 2 + Al 2 0 3 + Fe 2 0 3 of: ⁇ 85.00%. Particle size expressed as retained in US mesh 325: 5.00% max. Preferably between 5 and 10% by weight of the total dry mixture are added.
  • the hydraulic cements are preferably a calcium sulfoaluminate cement and a Portland cement or mixtures thereof.
  • Calcium sulfoaluminate cement (CSA) is mainly composed of about one third of calcium sulfoaluminate (C4A3S) and almost two thirds of di-calcium silicates (C2S) and is manufactured and sold under the trademark of "Fraguamax ® ) "(Grupo Cementos Chihuahua SA de CV).
  • Portland cement can be of type CPO40, CPC40 and CPC30R; according to the standard NMX-C-414-ONNCCE-2004. Preferably between 30 and 50% by weight of the total dry mixture are added.
  • the retardant is a carboxylic acid, specifically it is an anhydrous citric acid.
  • the dispersant is of the type of lignosulfonates, naphthalenesulfonates and polycarboxylates; and / or their mixtures. Preferably between 0.1 and 1.0% by weight of the total dry mix is added.
  • the best way to carry out the invention is to mix the components as follows: 1. - In a powder mixer, calcium and / or dolomitic hydrated lime (Type S Cal), natural pozzolana, hydraulic cement, retardant and dispersant are added; and homogenize for a period of 10 to 20 minutes.
  • a powder mixer calcium and / or dolomitic hydrated lime (Type S Cal), natural pozzolana, hydraulic cement, retardant and dispersant are added; and homogenize for a period of 10 to 20 minutes.
  • Tables A, D and G show us the compositions of the mixtures according to the invention.
  • Hydrated lime (Ca (OH) 2 90%) 0.000 kg. 0.000 kg 50,000 kg
  • CSA Hydraulic cement

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel high-strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime, based on a mixture of calcium and/or dolomitic hydrated lime, natural pozzolan, hydraulic cement and additives. In particular, the high-strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime is used in masonry mortars, mortars for structural purposes and concrete. In particular, it is a pozzolanic hydraulic lime with a high compressive strength, comprising: between 40 and 60% calcium and/or dolomitic hydrated lime; between 5 and 10% natural pozzolan; between 30 and 50% of a hydraulic cement; between 0.10% and 1.0% of a retardant; and between 0.1 and 1.0% of a dispersing agent. In addition, the high-strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime develops its compressive strength properties by means of a combined hydration and carbonation reaction. The high-strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime according to the invention can be used for producing masonry mortars and mortars for structural purposes with a low carbon footprint for the levelling and covering of external and internal walls, joining blocks, breeze blocks, brickwork, etc. Furthermore, the high-strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime can also be used for producing concretes with a low carbon footprint and compressive strengths ≥250 kg/cm2, suitable for producing floors, slabs, walls, etc. Concretes with strengths >350 kg/cm2 suitable for connecting preformed elements for structural purposes, the prefabrication of piping for water and drainage. Concretes with strengths >450 kg/cm2 suitable for the prefabrication of structural reinforcement elements, tanks, cisterns, etc.

Description

CAL HIDRÁULICA PUZOLÁNICA DE ALTA RESISTENCIA, PROCESO PARA SU PREPARACIÓN Y SU UTILIZACIÓN EN MORTEROS Y CONCRETOS  HIGH RESISTANCE PUZOLANIC HYDRAULIC CAL, PROCESS FOR ITS PREPARATION AND ITS USE IN MORTARS AND CONCRETS
CAMPO DE LA INVENCIÓN FIELD OF THE INVENTION
El campo de esta invención se refiere a una novedosa cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia y baja huella de carbono, a base de una mezcla de cal hidratada cálcica y/o dolomítica, puzolana natural y cemento hidráulico. Particularmente, la cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia y baja huella de carbono es utilizada en morteros y concretos. The field of this invention relates to a novel high-strength and low carbon footprint hydraulic lime, based on a mixture of hydrated calcium and / or dolomitic lime, natural pozzolana and hydraulic cement. Particularly, the high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime with low carbon footprint is used in mortars and concrete.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En la actualidad el cemento pórtland es el principal cementante en morteros y concretos. Cada tonelada de Cemento Pórtland Ordinario (CPO) que es producida libera en promedio una cantidad similar de C02 a la atmósfera; aproximadamente un 6% de todas las emisiones de carbono fabricadas por el hombre1 Por lo que derivado del alto consumo de energía y emisiones de C02 al ambiente en la producción del cemento pórtland, se han intentado utilizar diferentes tipos de cementantes, tales como: la cal hidráulica natural (NHL), cal hidráulica (HL), cal hidráulica formulada (FL), mezclas de puzolanas naturales y artificiales con cal, yeso y activadores químicos; y cementantes elaborados con bajo contenido de cemento pórtland y Materiales Cementicios Suplementarios (SCMs). Todo lo anterior, con el objetivo de Reducir la Huella de Carbono (una huella de carbono es la totalidad de Gases de Efecto Invernadero (GEI) emitidos por efecto directo o indirecto de un individuo, organización, evento o producto. UK Carbón Trust 2008) de los morteros y concretos elaborados con cemento pórtland y así contribuir a la Sustentabilidad de los materiales para construcción. At present, Portland cement is the main cement in mortar and concrete. Each ton of Ordinary Portland Cement (CPO) that is produced releases on average a similar amount of C0 2 into the atmosphere; Approximately 6% of all carbon emissions manufactured by man 1 As a result of the high energy consumption and emissions of C0 2 to the environment in the production of Portland cement, different types of cement have been tried, such as: natural hydraulic lime (NHL), hydraulic lime (HL), formulated hydraulic lime (FL), mixtures of natural and artificial pozzolans with lime, gypsum and chemical activators; and cements made with low Portland cement content and Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs). All of the above, with the objective of Reducing the Carbon Footprint (a carbon footprint is the totality of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emitted by direct or indirect effect of an individual, organization, event or product. UK Carbon Trust 2008) of mortars and concrete made with Portland cement and thus contribute to the Sustainability of construction materials.
Desafortunadamente los tiempos de fraguado y las resistencias a la compresión a 28 días obtenidas con estos materiales no cumplen las normas existentes para:  Unfortunately, setting times and 28-day compressive strengths obtained with these materials do not meet existing standards for:
1 - Cemento para albañilería (mortero) NMX-C-021-ONNCCE-2010 (>7.8 MPa); 2 - Mortero para uso estructural PROY-NMX-C-486-ONNCCE-2013 (>18.0 MPa / ASTM C-270-12a) 3.- Concreto hidráulico para uso estructural (> 20 MPa / NMX-C-403-ONNCCE- 1999). 1 - Masonry cement (mortar) NMX-C-021-ONNCCE-2010 (> 7.8 MPa); 2 - Mortar for structural use PROY-NMX-C-486-ONNCCE-2013 (> 18.0 MPa / ASTM C-270-12a) 3.- Hydraulic concrete for structural use (> 20 MPa / NMX-C-403-ONNCCE- 1999).
Las normas existentes para las cales hidráulicas son las siguientes:  The existing standards for hydraulic limes are as follows:
1.- EN 459:2010 / UNE-EN 459:2011 Cales para la Construcción  1.- EN 459: 2010 / UNE-EN 459: 2011 Limes for Construction
2.- ASTM C-141/C-141 M-09 Hydrated Hydraulic Lime for Structural Purposes 3.- NMX-C-005-1996-ONNCCE Cal hidráulica (CANCELADA) 2.- ASTM C-141 / C-141 M-09 Hydrated Hydraulic Lime for Structural Purposes 3.- NMX-C-005-1996-ONNCCE Hydraulic Lime (CANCELED)
1.- EN 459:2010 / UNE-EN 459:2011 Cales para la Construcción 1.- EN 459: 2010 / UNE-EN 459: 2011 Limes for Construction
Los grupos de cal establecidos por la norma EN 459:2010/UNE-EN 459:20 son: Cal hidráulica natural (NHL), cal hidráulica (HL) y cal hidráulica formulada (FL). The lime groups established by EN 459: 2010 / UNE-EN 459: 20 are: Natural hydraulic lime (NHL), hydraulic lime (HL) and formulated hydraulic lime (FL).
La cal hidráulica natural (NHL) es una cal con propiedades hidráulicas producida por la calcinación de calizas más o menos arcillosas o silíceas, (incluyendo la creta) con reducción a polvo mediante apagado, con o sin molienda. Tiene la propiedad de fraguar y endurecer cuando se mezcla con agua y por reacción con el dióxido de carbono presente en el aire (carbonatación). Hay tres clases según su hidraulicidad. Alta hidraulicidad (NHL5), mediana hidraulicidad (NHL3.5) y baja hidraulicidad (NHL2).  Natural hydraulic lime (NHL) is a lime with hydraulic properties produced by the calcination of more or less clayey or siliceous limestones, (including crete) with dust reduction by shutdown, with or without grinding. It has the property of setting and hardening when mixed with water and by reaction with the carbon dioxide present in the air (carbonation). There are three classes according to their hydraulicity. High hydraulic (NHL5), medium hydraulic (NHL3.5) and low hydraulic (NHL2).
La cal hidráulica (HL) es un conglomerante constituido por cal y otros materiales tales como cemento, escoria de alto horno, cenizas volantes, filler calizo (carga) y otros materiales adecuados. Tiene la propiedad de fraguar y endurecer con el agua. El dióxido de carbono presente en el aire contribuye igualmente al proceso de endurecimiento. Hay tres tipos según su hidraulicidad. Alta hidraulicidad (HL5), mediana hidraulicidad (HL3.5) y baja hidraulicidad (HL2).  Hydraulic lime (HL) is a binder consisting of lime and other materials such as cement, blast furnace slag, fly ash, limestone filler (cargo) and other suitable materials. It has the property of setting and hardening with water. The carbon dioxide present in the air also contributes to the hardening process. There are three types according to their hydraulicity. High hydraulic (HL5), medium hydraulic (HL3.5) and low hydraulic (HL2).
La cal formulada (FL) es una cal con propiedades hidráulicas, compuesta principalmente por cal aérea (CL) y/o cal hidráulica natural (NHL) con material hidráulico o puzolánico añadido. Tiene la propiedad de fraguar y endurecer cuando se mezcla con agua y por reacción de dióxido de carbono presente en el aire (carbonatación). Hay tres tipos según su hidraulicidad. Alta hidraulicidad (FL5), mediana hidraulicidad (FL3.5) y baja hidraulicidad (FL2).  The formulated lime (FL) is a lime with hydraulic properties, mainly composed of aerial lime (CL) and / or natural hydraulic lime (NHL) with added hydraulic or pozzolanic material. It has the property of setting and hardening when mixed with water and by reaction of carbon dioxide present in the air (carbonation). There are three types according to their hydraulicity. High hydraulic (FL5), medium hydraulic (FL3.5) and low hydraulic (FL2).
Cales para construcción: Resistencia a la Compresión  Construction Limes: Compression Resistance
EN 459-1 :2010 / UNE-EN459:2011 7 días MPa 28 días MPa  EN 459-1: 2010 / UNE-EN459: 2011 7 days MPa 28 days MPa
1.- (NHL5), (HL5), (FL5) ≥2.0 > 5.0 a < 15.0  1.- (NHL5), (HL5), (FL5) ≥2.0> 5.0 to <15.0
2.- (NHL3.5), (HL3.5), (FL3.5) ≥ 3.5 a < 10.0  2.- (NHL3.5), (HL3.5), (FL3.5) ≥ 3.5 to <10.0
3.- (NHL2), (HL2), (FL2) ≥ 2.0 a < 7.0 2.- ASTM C-141/C-141M-09 Hydrated Hydraulic Lime for Structural Purposes3.- (NHL2), (HL2), (FL2) ≥ 2.0 to <7.0 2.- ASTM C-141 / C-141M-09 Hydrated Hydraulic Lime for Structural Purposes
La cal hidráulica hidratada es el producto resultante de la hidratación de la cal viva hidráulica, generalmente un polvo sin ninguna adición con o sin molienda. Tiene la propiedad de fraguar y endurecer bajo el agua y también por reacción con el dióxido de carbono en el aire. Hydrated hydraulic lime is the product resulting from the hydration of hydraulic quicklime, usually a powder without any addition with or without grinding. It has the property of setting and hardening under water and also by reaction with carbon dioxide in the air.
Cal hidráulica: Resistencia a la Compresión  Hydraulic Lime: Compression Resistance
ASTM C-141/C-141M-09 7 días N/mm2 28 días N/mm2 ASTM C-141 / C-141M-09 7 days N / mm 2 28 days N / mm 2
1.- Hydraulic lime > 1.7 No >10.3 3.- NMX-C-005-1996-ONNCCE Cal hidráulica (CANCELADA)  1.- Hydraulic lime> 1.7 No> 10.3 3.- NMX-C-005-1996-ONNCCE Hydraulic lime (CANCELED)
Cal compuesta principalmente de hidróxido de calcio silica (Si02) y alúmina (AI2O3) o mezclas sintéticas de composición similar. Tiene la propiedad de fraguar y endurecer incluso debajo del agua. Lime composed mainly of calcium calcium hydroxide silica (Si0 2 ) and alumina (AI2O3) or synthetic mixtures of similar composition. It has the property of setting and hardening even underwater.
Cal hidráulica: Resistencia a la Compresión  Hydraulic Lime: Compression Resistance
NMX-C-005-1996-ONNCCE 7 díasMPa 28 días MPa  NMX-C-005-1996-ONNCCE 7 days MPa 28 days MPa
1.- Cal hidráulica  1.- Hydraulic lime
Nota: Esta norma no menciona valores de resistencia a la compresión  Note: This standard does not mention compression resistance values
Recientemente se han realizado investigaciones para evaluar las propiedades estructurales y de durabilidad de concretos elaborados con cales hidráulicas naturales (NHL5) modificadas con escoria granulada de alto horno (GGBS) y microsílica2,4'5,6 y arcilla expandida3. Sin embargo el problema principal es la baja resistencia a la compresión a edades tempranas, lo que implica un problema para sustituir al cemento pórtland como cementante principal. Recently research has been conducted to evaluate the durability and structural properties of concrete made from natural hydraulic lime (NHL5) modified granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and microsilica 2,4' 5,6 and 3 expanded clay. However, the main problem is the low compressive strength at an early age, which implies a problem to replace Portland cement as the main cement.
En Abril de 2006, la Patente Mexicana número MXNL04000081 , describe un cementante para albañilería elaborado mediante una mezcla homogénea a base de cal hidratada Ca(OH)2 (42-48%), arena puzolánica (mezcla de sílice alúmina y minerales) (42-48%), cal viva CaO (7-11%) y yeso CaS04 (2.5-3-5%); libre de cemento pórtland. La invención menciona que tiene valores de resistencia a la compresión moderados y compatibles con los materiales y métodos de construcción de nuestro país, sin evidenciar resultados en el documento presentado. Por lo que no se pueden comparar los valores con un mortero elaborado con una cal hidráulica natural (NHL), una cal hidráulica (HL), una cal hidráulica formulada (FL) o con un mortero elaborado con cemento pórtland; ni tampoco se refiere a su aplicación en concretos; además de que no se menciona que esté formulado a base de una mezcla de cal hidratada cálcica y/o dolomítica, puzolana natural y cemento hidráulico. In April 2006, Mexican Patent number MXNL04000081, describes a cementitious masonry made by a homogeneous mixture based on hydrated lime Ca (OH) 2 (42-48%), pozzolanic sand (mixture of alumina silica and minerals) (42 -48%), quicklime CaO (7-11%) and gypsum CaS0 4 (2.5-3-5%); Portland cement free. The invention mentions that it has moderate compressive strength values compatible with the construction materials and methods of our country, without showing results in the document presented. Therefore, the values cannot be compared with a mortar made with a natural hydraulic lime (NHL), a hydraulic lime (HL), a formulated hydraulic lime (FL) or with a mortar made with Portland cement; neither nor does it refer to its application in concrete; In addition, it is not mentioned that it is formulated based on a mixture of hydrated calcium and / or dolomitic lime, natural pozzolana and hydraulic cement.
En Mayo de 2006, la Patente Mexicana número MXPA04011 81 , describe un mortero de cal puzolánico a base de arcilla puzolánica y cal viva en proporciones 1 :4 a 2:1 cal viva: puzolana; libre de cemento pórtland. La invención menciona que tiene valores de resistencia a la compresión moderados y compatibles con los materiales y métodos de construcción de nuestro país, sin evidenciar resultados en el documento presentado. Por lo que no se pueden comparar los valores con un mortero elaborado con una cal hidráulica natural (NHL), una cal hidráulica (HL), una cal hidráulica formulada (FL) o con un mortero elaborado con cemento pórtland; ni tampoco se refiere a su aplicación en concretos; además de que no se menciona que esté formulado a base de una mezcla de cal hidratada cálcica y/o dolomítica, puzolana natural y cemento hidráulico.  In May 2006, Mexican Patent number MXPA04011 81, describes a mortar of pozzolanic lime based on pozzolanic clay and quicklime in proportions 1: 4 to 2: 1 quicklime: pozzolan; Portland cement free. The invention mentions that it has moderate compressive strength values compatible with the construction materials and methods of our country, without showing results in the document presented. Therefore, the values cannot be compared with a mortar made with a natural hydraulic lime (NHL), a hydraulic lime (HL), a formulated hydraulic lime (FL) or with a mortar made with Portland cement; nor does it refer to its application in concrete; In addition, it is not mentioned that it is formulated based on a mixture of hydrated calcium and / or dolomitic lime, natural pozzolana and hydraulic cement.
En Diciembre de 2012, la Patente de EE.UU. número 20120304895, describe una composición de una cal hidráulica que comprende una mezcla de: Cal hidratada Ca(OH)2 con varios aditivos puzolánicos sintéticos tales como: caolín calcinado, microsílica, sílice precipitada, sílice pirogénica, etc. In December 2012, U.S. Patent No. 20120304895, describes a composition of a hydraulic lime comprising a mixture of: Hydrated Lime Ca (OH) 2 with various synthetic pozzolanic additives such as: calcined kaolin, microsilic, precipitated silica, pyrogenic silica, etc.
Los morteros fabricados con esta cal hidráulica si bien es cierto que desarrollan resistencias a la compresión más altas que una mezcla de cal hidratada Ca(OH)2 y arena; solo alcanzan los valores de resistencia del mortero testigo de una cal hidráulica natural 5 (NHL5) y no se comparan las resistencias con las de un mortero elaborado con cemento pórtland; ni tampoco se refiere a su aplicación en concretos; además de que no se menciona que esté formulado a base de una mezcla de cal hidratada cálcica y/o dolomítica, puzolana natural y cemento hidráulico. Mortars manufactured with this hydraulic lime although it is true that they develop higher compressive strengths than a mixture of hydrated lime Ca (OH) 2 and sand; only the resistance values of the control mortar of a natural hydraulic lime 5 (NHL5) reach and the strengths are not compared with those of a mortar made with Portland cement; nor does it refer to its application in concrete; In addition, it is not mentioned that it is formulated based on a mixture of hydrated calcium and / or dolomitic lime, natural pozzolana and hydraulic cement.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La invención se refiere a una novedosa cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia y baja huella de carbono, a base de una mezcla de cal hidratada cálcica y/o dolomítica, puzolana natural y cemento hidráulico. Particularmente, es una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia y baja huella de carbono que comprende: a) .- De 40 a 60 % de cal hidratada cálcica y/o dolomítica, The invention relates to a novel high resistance and low carbon footprint hydraulic lime, based on a mixture of hydrated calcium and / or dolomitic lime, natural pozzolana and hydraulic cement. Particularly, it is a high strength and low carbon footprint hydraulic lime comprising: a) .- From 40 to 60% of hydrated calcium and / or dolomitic lime,
b) .- De 5 a 10 % de una puzolana natural, b) .- From 5 to 10% of a natural pozzolan,
c) .- De 30 a 50 % de un cemento hidráulico, c) .- From 30 to 50% of a hydraulic cement,
d) .- De 0.10 a 1.0 % de un retardante, d) .- From 0.10 to 1.0% of a retarder,
e).- De 0.1 a 1.0 % de un dispersante, e) .- From 0.1 to 1.0% of a dispersant,
DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓN DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La invención se refiere a una novedosa cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia y baja huella de carbono, a base de una mezcla de cal hidratada cálcica y/o dolomítica, puzolana natural y cemento hidráulico. Particularmente, es una cal hidráulica puzolánica de fraguado rápido y alta resistencia a la compresión que comprende los siguientes materiales:  The invention relates to a novel high resistance and low carbon footprint hydraulic lime, based on a mixture of hydrated calcium and / or dolomitic lime, natural pozzolana and hydraulic cement. Particularly, it is a quick setting and high compressive strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime comprising the following materials:
La cales utilizadas son preferentemente la cal hidratada cálcica Ca(OH)2 y la cal Tipo S o cal dolomítica doblemente hidratada CaMg(OH)4. La cal hidratada cálcica, está compuesta principalmente por hidróxidos de calcio con una composición aproximada de: Ca(OH)2: 80.00 a 82.00 %. Tamaño de partícula expresado en retenido en malla US mesh 200: 10.00%; y está conforme a la norma NMX-C-003-ONNCCE-2010. La cual es fabricada y vendida bajo la marca comercial "Calidra®" por Cal de Apasco SA (Grupo Calidra SA CV). También puede utilizarse la cal hidratada cálcica con un contenido de Ca(OH)2: 90.00 a 93.00 %. Tamaño de partícula expresado en retenido en malla US mesh 200: 5.00% máx, y en US mesh 325: 2.00% máx. La cual es fabricada y vendida bajo la marca comercial "Quimex 90®" por Cal de Apasco SA (Grupo Calidra SA CV). La Cal Tipo S o cal dolomítica doblemente hidratada CaMg(OH)4, está compuesta principalmente por hidróxidos de calcio y magnesio CaMg(OH)4 con una composición aproximada de: Ca(OH)2: 60.00 a 69.00 %, Mg(OH)2: 16.00 a 25.00%, MgO/CaO libre: 0.5 máx., Tamaño de partícula expresado en retenido en malla US mesh 200: 5.00% máx, y en US mesh 325: 10.00% máx. La cual es fabricada y vendida por Cal de Apasco SA (Grupo Calidra SA CV). También pueden utilizarse las cales Tipo S o cales dolomíticas doblemente hidratadas de las marcas Mortarseal® y/o Super Limoid S® fabricadas por Graymont Dolime (OH) Inc. Genoa, Ohio. Preferentemente se adicionan entre el 40 y el 60 % en peso del total de la mezcla seca. The limes used are preferably calcium hydrated lime Ca (OH) 2 and Type S lime or double hydrated dolomitic lime CaMg (OH) 4 . Calcium hydrated lime is mainly composed of calcium hydroxides with an approximate composition of: Ca (OH) 2 : 80.00 to 82.00%. Particle size expressed in retained in US mesh 200 mesh: 10.00%; and is in accordance with the standard NMX-C-003-ONNCCE-2010. Which is manufactured and sold under the trademark "Calidra ® " by Cal de Apasco SA (Grupo Calidra SA CV). You can also use calcium hydrated lime with a Ca (OH) 2 content: 90.00 to 93.00%. Particle size expressed in retained in US mesh 200 mesh: 5.00% max, and in US mesh 325: 2.00% max. Which is manufactured and sold under the trademark "Quimex 90 ® " by Cal de Apasco SA (Grupo Calidra SA CV). Type S Lime or double-hydrated dolomitic lime CaMg (OH) 4 , is mainly composed of calcium and magnesium hydroxides CaMg (OH) 4 with an approximate composition of: Ca (OH) 2 : 60.00 to 69.00%, Mg (OH) 2 : 16.00 to 25.00%, MgO / CaO free: 0.5 max., Particle size expressed in retained in US mesh 200 mesh: 5.00% max, and in US mesh 325: 10.00% max. Which is manufactured and sold by Cal de Apasco SA (Grupo Calidra SA CV). Type S or double hydrated dolomitic limes of the Mortarseal ® and / or Super Limoid S ® brands manufactured by Graymont Dolime (OH) Inc. Genoa, Ohio may also be used. Preferably, between 40 and 60% by weight of the total dry mixture are added.
La puzolana natural es preferentemente una sílice natural con propiedades puzolánicas, la cual cumple con las características establecidas por la Norma ASTM C-618; con un contenido de: Si02+Al203+Fe203 de:≥91.00%. Tamaño de partícula expresado en retenido en malla US mesh 325: 5.00% máx. La cual es fabricada y vendida bajo la marca comercial de "Microsilex®)" (Grupo Cementos Chihuahua SA de CV). También puede utilizarse como puzolana natural una zeolita-clinoptilolita de la marca comercial "ZeoPoz®)" fabricada por Granding International SA CV; con un contenido de: S¡02+Al203+Fe203 de: ≥85.00%. Tamaño de partícula expresado en retenido en malla US mesh 325: 5.00% máx. Preferentemente se adicionan entre el 5 y el 10 % en peso del total de la mezcla seca. Natural pozzolana is preferably a natural silica with properties pozzolanic, which meets the characteristics established by ASTM C-618; with a content of: Si0 2 + Al 2 0 3 + Fe 2 0 3 of: ≥91.00%. Particle size expressed as retained in US mesh 325: 5.00% max. Which is manufactured and sold under the trademark of "Microsilex ® )" (Grupo Cementos Chihuahua SA de CV). A zeolite-clinoptilolite of the trademark "ZeoPoz ® )" manufactured by Granding International SA CV can also be used as a natural pozzolan; with a content of: S¡0 2 + Al 2 0 3 + Fe 2 0 3 of: ≥85.00%. Particle size expressed as retained in US mesh 325: 5.00% max. Preferably between 5 and 10% by weight of the total dry mixture are added.
Los cementos hidráulicos son preferentemente un cemento de sulfoaluminato de calcio y un cemento pórtland o sus mezclas. El cemento de sulfoaluminato de calcio (CSA), está compuesto principalmente por cerca un tercio de sulfoaluminato de calcio (C4A3S) y casi dos tercios de silicatos di-cálcicos (C2S) y es fabricado y vendido bajo la marca comercial de "Fraguamax®)" (Grupo Cementos Chihuahua SA de CV). También puede utilizarse el cemento de sulfoaluminato de calcio (CSA) de la marca comercial "Rapid Set Cement®)" fabricado por CTS Cement Manufacturing Corp. Cypress, CA. USA; con la siguiente composición: Si02: 15.14%, Al203: 15.12%, Fe203: 1.19%, CaO: 48.18%, MgO: 1.99%, S03: 14.63%, K20: 0.46%, Na20: 0.19%, álcalis totales: 0.45%, PPC: 2.47%, Finura Blaine: 6,137 cm2/g, Retenido en malla US 325: <2.00%. El cemento pórtland puede ser del tipo CPO40, CPC40 y CPC30R; conforme a la norma NMX-C-414-ONNCCE-2004. Preferentemente se adicionan entre el 30 y el 50 % en peso del total de la mezcla seca. The hydraulic cements are preferably a calcium sulfoaluminate cement and a Portland cement or mixtures thereof. Calcium sulfoaluminate cement (CSA), is mainly composed of about one third of calcium sulfoaluminate (C4A3S) and almost two thirds of di-calcium silicates (C2S) and is manufactured and sold under the trademark of "Fraguamax ® ) "(Grupo Cementos Chihuahua SA de CV). Calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement from the "Rapid Set Cement ® )" brand manufactured by CTS Cement Manufacturing Corp. Cypress, CA. USES; with the following composition: Si0 2 : 15.14%, Al 2 0 3 : 15.12%, Fe 2 0 3 : 1.19%, CaO: 48.18%, MgO: 1.99%, S0 3 : 14.63%, K 2 0: 0.46%, Na 2 0: 0.19%, total alkalis: 0.45%, PPC: 2.47%, Blaine Fineness: 6.137 cm 2 / g, Retained in US 325 mesh: <2.00%. Portland cement can be of type CPO40, CPC40 and CPC30R; according to the standard NMX-C-414-ONNCCE-2004. Preferably between 30 and 50% by weight of the total dry mixture are added.
El retardante, es un ácido carboxílico, específicamente es un ácido cítrico anhidro. Preferentemente se adiciona entre el 0.10 y el 1.0 % en peso del cemento de sulfoaluminato de calcio utilizado en la mezcla.  The retardant is a carboxylic acid, specifically it is an anhydrous citric acid. Preferably between 0.10 and 1.0% by weight of the calcium sulfoaluminate cement used in the mixture is added.
El dispersante, es del tipo de los lignosulfonatos, naftalensulfonatos y policarboxilatos; y/o sus mezclas. Preferentemente se adiciona entre el 0.1 y el 1.0 % en peso del total de la mezcla seca.  The dispersant is of the type of lignosulfonates, naphthalenesulfonates and polycarboxylates; and / or their mixtures. Preferably between 0.1 and 1.0% by weight of the total dry mix is added.
Preparación de la cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia y baja huella de carbono, acorde a la Invención:  Preparation of the high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime with low carbon footprint, according to the Invention:
La mejor forma de llevar a cabo la invención, es mezclar los componentes de la siguiente manera: 1. - En una mezcladora de polvos se adicionan la cal hidratada cálcica y/o dolomítica (Cal Tipo S), la puzolana natural, el cemento hidráulico, el retardante y el dispersante; y se homogenizan durante un período de 10 a 20 minutos. The best way to carry out the invention is to mix the components as follows: 1. - In a powder mixer, calcium and / or dolomitic hydrated lime (Type S Cal), natural pozzolana, hydraulic cement, retardant and dispersant are added; and homogenize for a period of 10 to 20 minutes.
2. - Una vez obtenida una mezcla homogénea, se almacena en sacos de papel kraft con liner de polietileno.  2. - Once a homogeneous mixture is obtained, it is stored in kraft paper bags with polyethylene liner.
3. - Las Tablas A, D y G nos muestra las composiciones de las mezclas según la invención.  3. - Tables A, D and G show us the compositions of the mixtures according to the invention.
EJEMPLOS  EXAMPLES
Las siguientes cales hidráulicas puzolánicas de alta resistencia y baja huella de carbono fueron obtenidas conforme al proceso descrito anteriormente, usando las composiciones indicadas en la Tabla A, Tabla D, y Tabla G.  The following high strength and low carbon footprint pozzolanic hydraulic limes were obtained according to the process described above, using the compositions indicated in Table A, Table D, and Table G.
Tabla de Emisiones de C02 (kg/ton) Emissions Table of C0 2 (kg / ton)
1Cal hidratada: 740 kg C02/ton 1 Hydrated lime: 740 kg C0 2 / ton
1Cal Tipo S: 807 kg C02/ton 1 Cal Type S: 807 kg C0 2 / ton
3Puzolana natural: 4 kg C02/ton 3 Natural pozzolana: 4 kg C0 2 / ton
2Cemento albañilería-mortero (Pórtland): 785 kg C yton 2 Masonry-mortar cement (Portland): 785 kg C yton
2Cemento hidráulico (Pórtland): 930 kg COz/ton 2 Hydraulic cement (Portland): 930 kg CO z / ton
4Cemento hidráulico (CSA): 600 kg C02/ton 4 Hydraulic cement (CSA): 600 kg C0 2 / ton
1European Lime Assoc. 2ICF Inc-USEPA 3Asp alt Institute.Ca 4CTS Cement. Cypress, CA. 1 European Lime Assoc. 2 ICF Inc-USEPA 3 Asp alt Institute.Ca 4 CTS Cement. Cypress, CA.
TABLA A TABLE A
Formulación de la Cal Hidráulica Puzolánica de Alta Resistencia para aplicación como Cemento de Albañilería (Mortero)  Formulation of High Strength Pozzolanic Hydraulic Lime for application as Masonry Cement (Mortar)
Ingredientes Mezcla 1 Mezcla 2 Mezcla 3  Ingredients Mix 1 Mix 2 Mix 3
Cal hidratada (Ca(OH)2 90%) 0.000 kg 0.000 kg 50.000 kg Hydrated lime (Ca (OH) 2 90%) 0.000 kg 0.000 kg 50.000 kg
Cal hidratada (NMX-C-003)1 50.000 kg. 0.000 kg. 0.000 kg Hydrated lime (NMX-C-003) 1 50,000 kg. 0.000 kg 0.000 kg
Cal Tipo S 0.000 kg 50.000 kg 0.000 kg  Cal Type S 0.000 kg 50,000 kg 0.000 kg
Puzolana natural 5.000 kg 5.000 kg 0.000 kg  Natural pozzolan 5,000 kg 5,000 kg 0.000 kg
Cemento hidráulico (Pórtland) 45.000 kg 45.000 kg 0.000 kg  Hydraulic cement (Portland) 45,000 kg 45,000 kg 0.000 kg
Cemento hidráulico (CSA) 0.000 kg 0.000 kg 50.000 kg  Hydraulic cement (CSA) 0.000 kg 0.000 kg 50.000 kg
Retardante 0.000 kg 0.000 kg 0.400 kg  Retardant 0.000 kg 0.000 kg 0.400 kg
Dispersante 0.500 kg 0.500 kg 0.500 kg  Dispersant 0.500 kg 0.500 kg 0.500 kg
Huella de Carbono3 788.7 822.2 670.0 Carbon Footprint 3 788.7 822.2 670.0
aHuella de Carbono-Emisiones de C02 (kg/ton) a Carbon Footprint-C0 2 Emissions (kg / ton)
1N X-C-003-0NNCCE-2010 / 80.00% mín. Ca(OH)2 Los cementos para albañilería (morteros) fueron elaborados conforme a la Norma NMX-C-021-ONNCCE-2010 de la siguiente manera: 1 N XC-003-0NNCCE-2010 / 80.00% min. Ca (OH) 2 Cements for masonry (mortars) were prepared according to Standard NMX-C-021-ONNCCE-2010 as follows:
TABLA B  TABLE B
Formulación de los Cementos para Albañilería (Morteros) con la Cal Hidráulica  Formulation of Cements for Masonry (Mortars) with Hydraulic Lime
Puzolánica de Alta Resistencia de la Invención High Strength Pozzolanic of the Invention
Ingredientes Testigo Mortero 1 Mortero 2 Mortero 3 Ingredients Witness Mortar 1 Mortar 2 Mortar 3
Mortero de albañilería 500.0 g 0.0 0.0 0.0  Masonry mortar 500.0 g 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mezcla 1 0.0 500.0 g 0.0 0.0  Mixture 1 0.0 500.0 g 0.0 0.0
Mezcla 2 0.0 0.0 500.0 g 0.0  Mixture 2 0.0 0.0 500.0 g 0.0
Mezcla 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 500.0 g  Mixture 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 500.0 g
Arena sílice 1 1 ,620.0 g 1 ,620.0 g 1 ,620.0 g 1 ,620 g Sand silica 1 1, 620.0 g 1, 620.0 g 1, 620.0 g 1, 620 g
Agua 225.0 g 225.0 g 225 g 225 g  Water 225.0 g 225.0 g 225 g 225 g
Huella de Carbono Ia 392.5 394.3 411.1 335.0 Carbon Footprint I to 392.5 394.3 411.1 335.0
C02 rerabsorbidob,r 5.3 129.5 141.2 129.5 C0 2 re- absorbed b, r 5.3 129.5 141.2 129.5
Huella de Carbono Fc 387.2 264.8 269.9 205.5 Carbon Footprint F c 387.2 264.8 269.9 205.5
Arena sílice NMX-C-061-0NNCCE-2010 aHuella de Carbono Inicial-Emisiones C02 (kg/ton) b c Silica sand NMX-C-061-0NNCCE-2010 to Initial Carbon Footprint-Emissions C0 2 (kg / ton) bc
C02 re-absorbido en un año Huella de Carbono Final-Emisiones C02 (kg/ton)C0 2 re-absorbed in one year Final Carbon Footprint-Emissions C0 2 (kg / ton)
Para determinar resistencia a la compresión de morteros, se utilizó la Norma NMX- C-083-ONNCCE-2002 (cubos de 5 x 5 x 5 cm.). Los resultados se muestran en la Tabla C. To determine the compressive strength of mortars, Standard NMX-C-083-ONNCCE-2002 (5 x 5 x 5 cm cubes) was used. The results are shown in Table C.
TABLA C  TABLE C
Morteros Probados  Mortars Tested
Prueba Testigo Mezcla 1 Mezcla 2 Mezcla 3  Test Witness Mix 1 Mix 2 Mix 3
Compresión 7d 98.1 92.0 98.8 218.8  Compression 7d 98.1 92.0 98.8 218.8
Compresión 28d 154.2 125.0 148.0 295.4  Compression 28d 154.2 125.0 148.0 295.4
Resistencia a la compresión en Kg/cm .  Compressive strength in Kg / cm.
Especificación NMX-C-021-ONNCCE-2010 para cemento de albañilería (mortero) Resistencia a 7 d (>4.4 MPa), 28d (>7.8 MPa).  NMX-C-021-ONNCCE-2010 specification for masonry cement (mortar) Resistance at 7 d (> 4.4 MPa), 28d (> 7.8 MPa).
Los morteros para uso estructural fueron elaborados conforme a la Norma PROY- NMX C-486-ONNCCE-2013-Tipo I / ASTM C-270-12a-Tipo M) de la siguiente manera: TABLA D Mortars for structural use were prepared in accordance with the PROY-NMX C-486-ONNCCE-2013-Type I / ASTM C-270-12a-Type M) Standard as follows: TABLE D
Formulación de la Cal Hidráulica Puzolánica de Alta Resistencia para aplicación como Mortero para Uso Estructural Formulation of High Strength Pozzolanic Hydraulic Lime for application as Mortar for Structural Use
Ingredientes Mezcla 1 Mezcla 2 Mezcla 3 Ingredients Mix 1 Mix 2 Mix 3
Cal hidratada (Ca(OH)2 90%) 0.000 kg 0.000 kg 50.000 kg Hydrated lime (Ca (OH) 2 90%) 0.000 kg 0.000 kg 50.000 kg
Ca! hidratada (NMX-C-003)1 50.000 kg. 0.000 kg. 0.000 kg AC! hydrated (NMX-C-003) 1 50,000 kg. 0.000 kg 0.000 kg
Cal Tipo S 0.000 kg 50.000 kg 0.000 kg  Cal Type S 0.000 kg 50,000 kg 0.000 kg
Puzolana natural 5.000 kg 5.000 kg 0.000 kg  Natural pozzolan 5,000 kg 5,000 kg 0.000 kg
Cemento hidráulico (Pórtland) 45.000 kg 45.000 kg 0.000 kg  Hydraulic cement (Portland) 45,000 kg 45,000 kg 0.000 kg
Cemento hidráulico (CSA) 0.000 kg 0.000 kg 50.000 kg  Hydraulic cement (CSA) 0.000 kg 0.000 kg 50.000 kg
Retardante 0.000 kg 0.000 kg 0.400 kg  Retardant 0.000 kg 0.000 kg 0.400 kg
Dispersante 0.500 kg 0.500 kg 0.500 kg  Dispersant 0.500 kg 0.500 kg 0.500 kg
Huella de Carbono3 788.7 822.2 670.0 Carbon Footprint 3 788.7 822.2 670.0
Huella de Carbono-Emisiones de C02 (kg/ton) Carbon Footprint-Emissions of C0 2 (kg / ton)
1NMX-C-003-0NNCCE-2010 / 80.00% mín. Ca(OH)2 1NMX-C-003-0NNCCE-2010 / 80.00% min. Ca (OH) 2
TABLA E TABLE E
Formulación de los Morteros para Uso Estructural con la Cal Hidráulica Puzolánica de Alta Resistencia de la Invención  Formulation of Mortars for Structural Use with the Hydraulic Lime Hydraulic High Strength of the Invention
Ingredientes Testigo Mortero 1 Mortero 2 Mortero 3  Ingredients Witness Mortar 1 Mortar 2 Mortar 3
Cemento Pórtland 513.0 g 0.0 0.0 0.0  Portland Cement 513.0 g 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mezcla 1 0.0 513.0 g 0.0 0.0  Mixture 1 0.0 513.0 g 0.0 0.0
Mezcla 2 0.0 0.0 513.0 g 0.0  Mixture 2 0.0 0.0 513.0 g 0.0
Mezcla 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 513.0 g  Mixture 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 513.0 g
Arena (0.075-4.75 mm) 2 1 ,620.0 g 1 ,620.0 g 1 ,620.0 g 1 ,620.0 g Sand (0.075-4.75 mm) 2 1, 620.0 g 1, 620.0 g 1, 620.0 g 1, 620.0 g
Agua 256.5 g 256.5 g 256.5 g 256.5 g  Water 256.5 g 256.5 g 256.5 g 256.5 g
Huella de Carbono Ia 477.1 404.6 421.8 343.7 Carbon Footprint I to 477.1 404.6 421.8 343.7
C02 re-absorbidob'7 4.5 132.8 144.9 132.8 C0 2 re-absorbed b ' 7 4.5 132.8 144.9 132.8
Huella de Carbono Fc 472.6 271.8 276.9 210.9 Carbon Footprint F c 472.6 271.8 276.9 210.9
1 Cal hidratada NMX-C-003-0NNCCE-2010 2 Arena C- 44 1 Hydrated lime NMX-C-003-0NNCCE-2010 2 Arena C- 44
aHuella de Carbono Inicial-Emisiones C02 (kg/ton) bC02 re-absorbido en un año cHuella de Carbono Final-Emisiones C02 (kg/ton) Para determinar resistencia a la compresión de morteros, se utilizó la Norma NMX- C-083-ONNCCE-2002 (cubos de 5 x 5 x 5 cm.). Los resultados se muestran en la Tabla F. a Initial Carbon Footprint-Emissions C0 2 (kg / ton) b C0 2 re-absorbed in one year c Final Carbon Footprint-Emissions C0 2 (kg / ton) To determine the compressive strength of mortars, Standard NMX-C-083-ONNCCE-2002 (5 x 5 x 5 cm cubes) was used. The results are shown in Table F.
TABLA F TABLE F
Morteros Probados  Mortars Tested
Prueba Testigo Mezcla 1 Mezcla 2 Mezcla 3  Test Witness Mix 1 Mix 2 Mix 3
Compresión 28d 351.4 208.4 207.4 366.5  Compression 28d 351.4 208.4 207.4 366.5
Resistencia a la compresión en Kg/cm2. Compressive strength in Kg / cm 2 .
Especificación PROY-NMX-C-486-ONNCCE-2013 Tipo I / ASTM C-270-12a Tipo M) de Mortero para Uso Estructural: Resistencia a 28d (>18.0 MPa). Specification PROY-NMX-C-486-ONNCCE-2013 Type I / ASTM C-270-12a Type M) Mortar for Structural Use: Resistance at 28d (> 18.0 MPa).
Los concretos fueron elaborados conforme a la Norma NMX-C-403-ONNCCE- 999 de la siguiente manera: The concretes were prepared in accordance with Standard NMX-C-403-ONNCCE-999 as follows:
TABLA G TABLE G
Formulación de la Cal Hidráulica Puzolánica de Alta Resistencia para aplicación como Concreto Estructural  Formulation of High Strength Pozzolanic Hydraulic Lime for application as Structural Concrete
Ingredientes Mezcla 1 Mezcla 2 Mezcla 3  Ingredients Mix 1 Mix 2 Mix 3
Cal hidratada (Ca(OH)2 90%) 0.000 kg. 0.000 kg. 50.000 kg Hydrated lime (Ca (OH) 2 90%) 0.000 kg. 0.000 kg 50,000 kg
Cal hidratada (NMX-C-003)1 50.000 kg. 0.000 kg. 0.000 kg Hydrated lime (NMX-C-003) 1 50,000 kg. 0.000 kg 0.000 kg
Cal Tipo S 0.000 kg. 50.000 kg 0.000 kg  Lime Type S 0.000 kg. 50,000 kg 0.000 kg
Puzolana natural 0.000 kg. 5.000 kg 0.000 kg  Natural pozzolan 0.000 kg. 5,000 kg 0.000 kg
Cemento hidráulico (Pórtland) 50.000 kg 0.000 kg 0.000 kg  Hydraulic cement (Portland) 50,000 kg 0.000 kg 0.000 kg
Cemento hidráulico (CSA) 0.000 kg. 45.000 kg. 50.000 kg  Hydraulic cement (CSA) 0.000 kg. 45,000 kg 50,000 kg
Retardante 0.000 kg 0.360 kg 0.400 kg  Retardant 0.000 kg 0.360 kg 0.400 kg
Dispersante 0.500 kg. 0.500 kg. 0.500 kg  0.500 kg dispersant. 0.500 kg 0.500 kg
Huella de Carbono3 835.0 673.7 670.0 Carbon Footprint 3 835.0 673.7 670.0
aHuella de Carbono-Emisiones de CO2 (kg/ton) a Carbon Footprint-CO2 Emissions (kg / ton)
1NMX-C-003-0NNCCE-2010 / 80.00% mín. Ca(OH)2
Figure imgf000013_0001
1NMX-C-003-0NNCCE-2010 / 80.00% min. Ca (OH) 2
Figure imgf000013_0001
aHuella de Carbono Inicial-Emisiones C02 (kg/ton) bC02 re-absorbido en un año a Initial Carbon Footprint-Emissions C0 2 (kg / ton) b C0 2 re-absorbed in one year
cHuella de Carbono Final-Emisiones C02 (kg/ton) c Final Carbon Footprint-Emissions C0 2 (kg / ton)
Para determinar la resistencia a la compresión de concretos, se utilizó la Norma NMX C-083-ONNCCE-2002 (cilindros de 15 x 30 cm.). Los resultados se muestran en la Tabla I. To determine the compressive strength of concrete, Standard NMX C-083-ONNCCE-2002 (15 x 30 cm cylinders) was used. The results are shown in Table I.
TABLA I  TABLE I
Concretos Probados  Proven Concrete
Prueba Testigo Mezcla 1 Mezcla 2 Mezcla 3  Test Witness Mix 1 Mix 2 Mix 3
Compresión 3d 184.7 132.2 130.8 137.0  3d compression 184.7 132.2 130.8 137.0
Compresión 7d 220.1 165.1 142.6 168.7  Compression 7d 220.1 165.1 142.6 168.7
Compresión 28d 305.3 224.5 225.2 232.4 Especificación N MX-C-403-0 NCCE- 1999 para Concreto Hidráulico para Uso Estructural: Resistencia a 28d (≥ 20 MPa). Conclusiones: Compression 28d 305.3 224.5 225.2 232.4 Specification N MX-C-403-0 NCCE- 1999 for Hydraulic Concrete for Structural Use: Resistance at 28d (≥ 20 MPa). Conclusions:
1 ). - Como se puede observar en las Tablas de resultados C, F, I; es posible formular morteros de albañilería, morteros y concretos para uso estructural con una Cal Hidráulica Puzolánica de Alta Resistencia y Baja Huella de Carbono de la invención; a base de una mezcla de cal hidratada cálcica y/o dolomítica, puzolana natural y cemento hidráulico; y lograr resistencias a la compresión similares a las obtenidas exclusivamente con cemento pórtland.  one ). - As can be seen in the Results Tables C, F, I; it is possible to formulate masonry mortars, mortars and concrete for structural use with a High Strength and Low Carbon Footprint Hydraulic Lime of the invention; based on a mixture of hydrated calcium and / or dolomitic lime, natural pozzolan and hydraulic cement; and achieve compressive strengths similar to those obtained exclusively with Portland cement.
2) .- El uso de una Cal Hidráulica Puzolánica de Alta Resistencia y Baja Huella de Carbono permite que los morteros y concretos elaborados con ésta, re-absorban hasta el 70% de C02 emitido en la fabricación de su componente de cal hidratada cálcica y/o dolomítica presente en la mezcla en un período de un año. Además de incrementar su resistencia y durabilidad; lo que la convierte en un material Sustentable. 2) .- The use of a High Strength and Low Carbon Footprint Hydraulic Lime allows the mortars and concrete made with it to re-absorb up to 70% of C0 2 emitted in the manufacture of its calcium hydrated lime component and / or dolomitic present in the mixture in a period of one year. In addition to increasing its strength and durability; which makes it a sustainable material.
3) .- El uso de una Cal Hidráulica Puzolánica de Alta Resistencia y Baja Huella de Carbono permite elaborar morteros y concretos de fácil mezclado, excelente trabajabilidad, fraguado rápido, altas resistencias a edades tempranas, resistencia y durabilidad a largo plazo y rápida re-absorción de C02. 3) .- The use of a Hydraulic Lime with High Strength and Low Carbon Footprint makes it possible to make mortars and concrete with easy mixing, excellent workability, fast setting, high strength at an early age, long-term strength and durability, and rapid re- C0 2 absorption.
Bibliografía Bibliography
1. Mohammed S. Inbadi, Cohete Carrigan, Sean McKenna. Trends and developments in green cement and concrete technology. International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment. School of Engineering King's1. Mohammed S. Inbadi, Carrigan Rocket, Sean McKenna. Trends and developments in green cement and concrete technology. International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment. School of Engineering King's
College, The University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK. May 2013. College, The University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK. May 2013
2. E.R. Grist, K.A. Paine, A. Heath, J. Norman, H. Pinder. Structural and Durability Properties of hydraulic lime-pozzolan concretes. Cement and Concrete Composites. 2013.  2. E.R. Grist, K.A. Paine, A. Heath, J. Norman, H. Pinder. Structural and Durability Properties of hydraulic lime-pozzolan concretes. Cement and Concrete Composites. 2013
3. A. Velosa, P. Cachim. Hydraulic-lime based concretes: Strength development using a pozzolanic addition and different curing conditions. Construction and Building Materials. 2008  3. A. Velosa, P. Cachim. Hydraulic-lime based concretes: Strength development using a pozzolanic addition and different curing conditions. Construction and Building Materials. 2008
4. E.R. Grist, K.A. Paine, A. Heath, J. Norman, H. Pinder. The feasibility and potential of modern hydraulic lime concretes. In: Concrete Structures for Sustainable Community, Fib Symposiúm, 2012-06-10 - 2012-06-14, Stockholm. 4. ER Grist, KA Paine, A. Heath, J. Norman, H. Pinder. The ugliness and potential of modern hydraulic lime concretes. In: Concrete Structures for Sustainable Community, Fib Symposiúm, 2012-06-10 - 2012-06-14, Stockholm.
5. E.R. Grist, K.A. Paine, A. Heath, J. Norman, H. Pinder. An Investigation into the Viability and Benefits of Modern Hydraulic Lime Concretes. In: Dhir, R. K., Singh, S. P. and Goel, S., eds. Innovations in Concrete Construction. 5. E.R. Grist, K.A. Paine, A. Heath, J. Norman, H. Pinder. An Investigation into the Viability and Benefits of Modern Hydraulic Lime Concretes. In: Dhir, R. K., Singh, S. P. and Goel, S., eds. Innovations in Concrete Construction.
New Delhi: Excel India Publishers, pp. 967-981. 2013. New Delhi: Excel India Publishers, pp. 967-981. 2013
6. E.R. Grist, K.A. Paine, A. Heath, J. Norman, H. Pinder. Compressive strength development of binary and ternary lime-pozzolan mortars. Materials and Design. Elsevier Ltd. 2013.  6. E.R. Grist, K.A. Paine, A. Heath, J. Norman, H. Pinder. Compressive strength development of binary and ternary lime-pozzolan mortars. Materials and Design Elsevier Ltd. 2013.
7. Knut o. Kjellsen, María Guimaraes, Asa Nilsson. The C02 Balance of Concrete in a Life Cycle Perspective. Nordic Innovation Centre. Dec. 2005. 7. Knut o. Kjellsen, María Guimaraes, Asa Nilsson. The C0 2 Balance of Concrete in a Life Cycle Perspective. Nordic Innovation Center. Dec. 2005.
La presente invención no está limitada por las características particulares que han sido especificadas o por los detalles de los ejemplos escogidos para ilustrarla. Muchas modificaciones pueden hacerse a las características particulares y a los ejemplos, los cuales han sido descritos para ilustrar los componentes que la constituyen, de ese modo sin alejarse del alcance de la invención. The present invention is not limited by the particular characteristics that have been specified or by the details of the examples chosen to illustrate it. Many modifications can be made to the particular characteristics and examples, which have been described to illustrate the components that constitute it, thereby without departing from the scope of the invention.
Habiendo descrito suficientemente mi invención, considero como una novedad y por lo tanto reclamo de mi exclusiva propiedad, lo contenido en las siguientes: Having sufficiently described my invention, I consider as a novelty and therefore claim of my exclusive property, the content of the following:

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. - Una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia y baja huella de carbono, a base de una mezcla de cal hidratada cálcica y/o dolomítica, puzolana natural y cemento hidráulico, caracterizada en que comprende: 1. - A high strength and low carbon footprint hydraulic lime, based on a mixture of hydrated calcium and / or dolomitic lime, natural pozzolana and hydraulic cement, characterized in that it comprises:
a) .- de 40 a 60 % de cal hidratada cálcica y/o dolomítica, a) .- from 40 to 60% of hydrated calcium and / or dolomitic lime,
b) .- de 5 a 10 % de una puzolana natural, b) .- from 5 to 10% of a natural pozzolan,
c) .- de 30 a 50 % de un cemento hidráulico, c) .- from 30 to 50% of a hydraulic cement,
d) .- de 0.10 a 1.0 % de un retardante, d) .- from 0.10 to 1.0% of a retarder,
e).- de 0.1 a 1.0 % de un dispersante, e) .- 0.1 to 1.0% of a dispersant,
para utilizarse en morteros y concretos. for use in mortars and concrete.
2. - Una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque la mezcla de los componentes comprende una cal hidratada cálcica de >80% de Ca(OH)2, que preferentemente se adiciona entre el 40 y el 60 % en peso del total de la mezcla seca. 2. - A high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture of the components comprises a calcium hydrated lime of> 80% Ca (OH) 2 , which is preferably added between 40 and 60% by weight of the total dry mix.
3. - Una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque la mezcla de los componentes comprende una cal hidratada cálcica de >90% de Ca(OH)2, que preferentemente se adiciona entre el 40 y el 60 % en peso del total de la mezcla seca. 3. - A high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime, according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture of the components comprises a calcium hydrated lime of> 90% Ca (OH) 2 , which is preferably added between 40 and 60% by weight of the total dry mix.
4.- Una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque la mezcla de los componentes comprende una Cal Tipo S o cal dolomítica doblemente hidratada CaMg(OH)4, en que preferentemente se adiciona entre el 40 y el 60 % en peso del total de la mezcla seca. 4. A high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime, according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture of the components comprises a S-type Cal or double hydrated dolomitic lime CaMg (OH) 4 , in which it is preferably added between 40 and 60% by weight of the total dry mix.
5.- Una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque la mezcla de los componentes comprende una puzolana natural la cual es preferentemente una sílice natural con propiedades puzolánicas, con un contenido de: Si02+AI203+Fe203 >91.00% y un tamaño de partícula expresado en retenido en malla US mesh 325 de 5.00% máx., que preferentemente se adiciona entre el 5 y el 10 % en peso del total de la mezcla seca. 5. A high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime, according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture of the components comprises a natural pozzolan which is preferably a natural silica with pozzolanic properties, with a content of: Si0 2 + AI 2 03 + Fe 2 0 3 > 91.00% and a particle size expressed as retained in US mesh 325 mesh of 5.00% max., Which is preferably added between 5 and 10% by weight of the total dry mix.
6.- Una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque la mezcla de los componentes comprende una puzolana natural la cual es preferentemente una zeolita- clinoptilolita, con un contenido de: Si02+Al203+Fe203 >85.00% y un tamaño de partícula expresado en retenido en malla US mesh 325 de 5.00% máx., que preferentemente se adiciona entre el 5 y el 10 % en peso del total de la mezcla seca. 6. A high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture of the components comprises a natural pozzolan which is preferably a zeolite. clinoptilolite, with a content of: Si0 2 + Al203 + Fe 2 03> 85.00% and a particle size expressed in retained in US mesh 325 mesh of 5.00% max, which is preferably added between 5 and 10% by weight of the total dry mix.
7.- Una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque la mezcla de los componentes comprende cementos hidráulicos los cuales son preferentemente un cemento de sulfoaluminato de calcio y un cemento pórtland o sus mezclas, mezclados preferentemente en relaciones: 100:00, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, 30:70, 20:80, 10:90, 00:100; sulfoaluminato-pórtland respectivamente, en donde el cemento de sulfoaluminato de calcio (CSA), está compuesto principalmente por aproximadamente un tercio de sulfoaluminato de calcio (C4A3S) y aproximadamente dos tercios de silicatos di-cálcicos (C2S); con la siguiente composición: Si02: 15.14%, Al203: 15.12%, Fe203: 1.19%, CaO: 48.18%, MgO: 1.99%, S03: 14.63%, K20: 0.46%, Na20: 0.19%, álcalis totales: 0.45%, PPC: 2.47%, Finura Blaine: 6,137 cm2/g, Retenido en malla US 325: <2.00%, en donde el cemento pórtland puede ser del tipo CPO 40, CPC 40 y CPC 30R; conforme a la norma NMX-C-414-ONNCCE-2004, y preferentemente se adicionan entre el 30 y el 50 % en peso del total de la mezcla seca. 7. A high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture of the components comprises hydraulic cements which are preferably a calcium sulfoaluminate cement and a Portland cement or mixtures thereof, preferably mixed in ratios. : 100: 00, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, 30:70, 20:80, 10:90, 00: 100; sulfoaluminate-portland respectively, wherein the calcium sulfoaluminate cement (CSA) is mainly composed of approximately one third of calcium sulfoaluminate (C4A3S) and approximately two thirds of di-calcium silicates (C2S); with the following composition: Si0 2 : 15.14%, Al 2 0 3 : 15.12%, Fe 2 0 3 : 1.19%, CaO: 48.18%, MgO: 1.99%, S0 3 : 14.63%, K 2 0: 0.46%, Na 2 0: 0.19%, total alkalis: 0.45%, PPC: 2.47%, Blaine Fineness: 6.137 cm 2 / g, Retained in US 325 mesh: <2.00%, where the Portland cement can be of type CPO 40, CPC 40 and CPC 30R; in accordance with NMX-C-414-ONNCCE-2004, and preferably between 30 and 50% by weight of the total dry mix are added.
8.- Una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque la mezcla de los componentes comprende un retardante que es un ácido carboxílico, específicamente es un ácido cítrico anhidro, el cual preferentemente se adiciona entre el 0.10 y el 1.0 % en peso con respecto al cemento de sulfoaluminato de calcio utilizado en la mezcla.  8. A high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime, according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture of the components comprises a retarder that is a carboxylic acid, specifically it is an anhydrous citric acid, which is preferably added between 0.10 and 1.0% by weight with respect to the calcium sulfoaluminate cement used in the mixture.
9. - Una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque la mezcla de los componentes comprende un dispersante, y que es del tipo de los lignosulfonatos, naftalensulfonatos y policarboxilatos; y/o sus mezclas, el cual preferentemente se adiciona entre el 0.1 y el 1.0 % en peso con respecto al total de la mezcla seca.  9. - A high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime, according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture of the components comprises a dispersant, and which is of the type of lignosulfonates, naphthalenesulfonates and polycarboxylates; and / or mixtures thereof, which is preferably added between 0.1 and 1.0% by weight with respect to the total dry mixture.
10. - Una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque la mezcla de los componentes se realiza de la siguiente manera: a).- En una mezcladora de polvos se adicionan la cal hidratada cálcica y/o dolomítica (Cal Tipo S), la puzolana natural, el cemento hidráulico, el retardante y el dispersante; y se homogenizan durante un período de 10 a 20 minutos, b).- Una vez obtenida una mezcla homogénea, se almacena en sacos de papel kraft con liner de polietileno. 10. - A high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime, according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixing of the components is carried out in the following manner: a) .- In a powder mixer, calcium hydrated lime and / or Dolomitic (Cal Type S), natural pozzolana, cement hydraulic, retardant and dispersant; and homogenize for a period of 10 to 20 minutes, b) .- Once a homogeneous mixture is obtained, it is stored in kraft paper bags with polyethylene liner.
11. - Una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque desarrolla sus propiedades de resistencia a la compresión, mediante una reacción combinada de hidratación y carbonatación que comprende: 1).- la reacción química de hidratación de los sulfoaluminatos de calcio y silicatos de calcio, así como la reacción puzolánica entre las cales cálcicas y/o dolomíticas y la puzolana natural en presencia de agua, 2).- la reacción de carbonatación de las cales cálcicas y/o dolomíticas libres con el C02 del ambiente. 11. - A high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime, according to claim 1, characterized in that it develops its compression resistance properties, by means of a combined hydration and carbonation reaction comprising: 1) .- the chemical hydration reaction of calcium sulfoaluminatos and calcium silicates, as well as the pozzolanic reaction between calcium and / or dolomitic limes and natural pozzolan in the presence of water, 2) .- the carbonation reaction of calcium and / or dolomitic limes with C0 2 of the environment.
12. - Una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque la cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, puede ser utilizada para la elaboración de morteros para albañilería con una baja huella de carbono para aplanados y recubrimientos de muros y paredes, pegado de block, tabicón, etc. los cuales proporcionan morteros con excelente trabajabilidad, menos formación de grietas y balance entre tiempo de fraguado y retención de agua.  12. - A high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime, according to claim 1, characterized in that the high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime can be used for the preparation of mortars for masonry with a low carbon footprint for flattened and wall coverings and walls, glued block, partition, etc. which provide mortars with excellent workability, less cracking and balance between setting time and water retention.
13. - Una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque la cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, puede ser utilizada para la elaboración de morteros para uso estructural en elementos de mampostería con una baja huella de carbono, los cuales proporcionan morteros con excelente trabajabilidad, menos formación de grietas y balance entre tiempo de fraguado y retención de agua.  13. - A high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime, according to claim 1, characterized in that the high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime can be used for the preparation of mortars for structural use in masonry elements with a low carbon footprint, which provide mortars with excellent workability, less cracking and balance between setting time and water retention.
14.- Una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, de conformidad con la reivindicaciones 1 , 12 y 13, caracterizada porque la cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia puede incluir aditivos para mejorar las propiedades de los morteros tales como: dispersantes, antiespumantes, aireantes, hidrofugantes, retenedores de humedad, polímeros superbsorbentes reológicos, fibras orgánicas y de acero.  14. A high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime, according to claims 1, 12 and 13, characterized in that the high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime may include additives to improve the properties of mortars such as dispersants, defoamers, aerators, water repellent, moisture retainers, rheological super absorbent polymers, organic and steel fibers.
15.- Una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque la cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia puede ser utilizada en una cantidad de 270 a 290 kg/m3 para la elaboración de concretos con una baja huella de carbono y resistencias a la compresión a 28 días≥250 kg/cm2, apropiados para la elaboración de pisos, losas, muros, etc. 15.- A high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime, according to claim 1, characterized in that the high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime can be used in an amount of 270 to 290 kg / m 3 for the preparation of concrete with a low footprint of carbon and resistance to compression at 28 days≥250 kg / cm 2 , suitable for the elaboration of floors, slabs, walls, etc.
16. - Una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque la cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, puede ser utilizada en una cantidad de 375 a 395 kg/m3 para la elaboración de concretos con una baja huella de carbono y resistencias a la compresión a 28 días >350 kg/cm2; apropiados para la conexión de elementos prefabricados de uso estructural, prefabricación de tubería para agua y drenaje. 16. - A high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime, according to claim 1, characterized in that the high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime can be used in an amount of 375 to 395 kg / m 3 for the preparation of concrete with a low carbon footprint and compressive strength at 28 days> 350 kg / cm 2 ; suitable for the connection of prefabricated elements for structural use, prefabrication of water and drainage pipes.
17. - Una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque la cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, puede ser utilizada en una cantidad de 470 a 494 kg/m3 para la elaboración de concretos con una baja huella de carbono y resistencias a la compresión a 28 días ≥450 kg/cm2; apropiados para la prefabricación de elementos de refuerzo estructural, tanques, cisternas, etc. 17. - A high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime, according to claim 1, characterized in that the high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime can be used in an amount of 470 to 494 kg / m 3 for the production of concrete with a low carbon footprint and compressive strength at 28 days ≥450 kg / cm 2 ; appropriate for the prefabrication of structural reinforcement elements, tanks, cisterns, etc.
18.- Una cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia, de conformidad con las reivindicaciones 1 , 15, 16 y 17, caracterizada porque la cal hidráulica puzolánica de alta resistencia puede incluir aditivos para mejorar las propiedades de los concretos tales como: dispersantes, antiespumantes, aireantes, hidrofugantes, polímeros superbsorbentes reológicos, fibras orgánicas y de acero.  18. A high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime, according to claims 1, 15, 16 and 17, characterized in that the high strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime can include additives to improve the properties of the concrete such as: dispersants, defoamers, aerators, water repellent, rheological super absorbent polymers, organic and steel fibers.
PCT/MX2014/000140 2014-09-12 2014-09-12 High-strength pozzolanic hydraulic lime, preparation method, and use thereof in mortars and concretes WO2016039609A1 (en)

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CN111348849B (en) * 2018-12-21 2022-03-18 西南科技大学 Hydraulic lime and preparation method thereof

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