WO2016037478A1 - 用户设备的接入方法及装置 - Google Patents

用户设备的接入方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016037478A1
WO2016037478A1 PCT/CN2015/074636 CN2015074636W WO2016037478A1 WO 2016037478 A1 WO2016037478 A1 WO 2016037478A1 CN 2015074636 W CN2015074636 W CN 2015074636W WO 2016037478 A1 WO2016037478 A1 WO 2016037478A1
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Prior art keywords
resource
preamble
access
available
prach resource
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PCT/CN2015/074636
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张雯
夏树强
戴博
刘锟
方惠英
李新彩
戴谦
鲁照华
艾建勋
石靖
李书朋
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Application filed by 中兴通讯股份有限公司 filed Critical 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority to US15/510,053 priority Critical patent/US20170265223A1/en
Priority to EP15840356.8A priority patent/EP3193556A4/en
Publication of WO2016037478A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016037478A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
    • H04W74/0833—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using a random access procedure
    • H04W74/0841—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using a random access procedure with collision treatment
    • H04W74/085—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using a random access procedure with collision treatment collision avoidance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/02—Selection of wireless resources by user or terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
    • H04W74/0833—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using a random access procedure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for accessing a user equipment.
  • Machine Type Communication (MTC) User Equipment (UE), also known as Machine to Machine (M2M) user communication equipment, is the main application form of the Internet of Things.
  • MTC Machine Type Communication
  • UE User Equipment
  • M2M Machine to Machine
  • LTE Long-Term Evolution
  • LTE-Advance Long-Term Evolution Advance
  • MTC multiple types of data services based on LTE/LTE-A will also be more attractive.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for accessing a user equipment, so as to at least solve the problem that the related art lacks a solution suitable for massive terminal access.
  • an access method of a user equipment is provided.
  • the access method of the user equipment includes: selecting a physical random access channel (PRACH) resource according to a preset manner, where the PRACH resource is one of: a preamble resource, a preamble resource, and One or more access moments, one preamble resource, and one or more frequency domain resources, one preamble resource, and one or more time-frequency resources; access using PRACH resources.
  • PRACH physical random access channel
  • selecting the PRACH resource according to the preset manner includes at least one of the following: calculating the PRACH resource according to the identity information of the user; and selecting the PRACH resource allocated by the network device to itself.
  • the PRACH resource allocated by the network side device for itself is selected according to radio resource control (RRC) signaling or physical layer signaling received from the network side device.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the method further includes: receiving the notification message sent by the network side device, where the notification message is used to notify at least one of: the available preamble resource of the current cell, and the available time domain of the local cell.
  • the resource, the available frequency domain resources of the current cell, and the time domain resource period of the current cell are examples of the notification message sent by the network side device.
  • the method before selecting the PRACH resource according to the preset manner, the method further includes: acquiring the resource information set bound according to the predefined manner, where the resource information set includes at least one of the following: the available preamble resource of the current cell, and the available Time domain resources, available frequency domain resources of the current cell, and time domain resource periods of the current cell.
  • each available preamble root sequence is respectively bound to a different subframe.
  • the binding manner of each available preamble root sequence and different subframes is changed according to a preset pattern.
  • the access time changes according to a preset pattern.
  • the method further includes: if a collision occurs in the process of performing access according to the PRACH resource, determining to continue to access according to the already calculated PRACH resource, or determining to be in the network side device
  • the allocated time-frequency resources are randomly accessed, wherein the separately allocated time-frequency resources are notified by the network-side device or are predefined.
  • the method further includes: reporting the access situation to the network side device, where the access situation is used by the network side device to allocate a dedicated PRACH resource to the network side device. .
  • calculating the PRACH resource according to the identifier information comprises: selecting one PRACH resource set, and calculating the PRACH resource according to the identifier information in the PRACH resource set.
  • the accessing by using the PRACH resource includes: after calculating the available preamble number according to the identification information, performing random access by using the preamble resource corresponding to the available preamble number; and calculating the available preamble according to the identification information.
  • the preamble resource corresponding to the available preamble number is used for random access at one or more access moments; the available preamble number and one or more are calculated according to the identification information.
  • the preamble resource corresponding to the available preamble number is used for random access on one or more frequency domain resources; after the available preamble number and one or more time domain resources are calculated according to the identification information, The preamble resource corresponding to the available preamble number performs random access on one or more time domain resources; and the network side device performs random access for the PRACH resource allocated by itself.
  • an access device for a user equipment is provided.
  • the access device of the user equipment includes: a selecting module, configured to select a PRACH resource according to a preset manner, where the PRACH resource is one of: a preamble resource, a preamble resource, and one or more accesses. A time, a preamble resource, and one or more frequency domain resources, a preamble resource, and one or more time-frequency resources; and an access module configured to access by using a PRACH resource.
  • the selecting module comprises: a calculating unit configured to calculate the PRACH resource according to the identification information of the self; the selecting unit is configured to select the PRACH resource allocated by the network side device for itself.
  • the selecting unit is configured to select the PRACH resource allocated by the network side device for itself according to the RRC signaling or the physical layer signaling received from the network side device.
  • the apparatus further includes: a receiving module, configured to receive a notification message sent by the network side device, where the notification message is used to notify at least one of: available preamble resources of the current cell, available time domain resources of the local cell, and the local The available frequency domain resources of the cell and the time domain resource period of the current cell.
  • a receiving module configured to receive a notification message sent by the network side device, where the notification message is used to notify at least one of: available preamble resources of the current cell, available time domain resources of the local cell, and the local The available frequency domain resources of the cell and the time domain resource period of the current cell.
  • the foregoing apparatus further includes: an obtaining module, configured to acquire a resource information set bound according to a predefined manner, where the resource information set includes at least one of: an available preamble resource of the current cell, and an available time domain resource of the local cell.
  • the available frequency domain resources of the current cell and the time domain resource period of the current cell are not limited to: an obtaining module, configured to acquire a resource information set bound according to a predefined manner, where the resource information set includes at least one of: an available preamble resource of the current cell, and an available time domain resource of the local cell.
  • the available frequency domain resources of the current cell and the time domain resource period of the current cell is not limited to acquire a resource information set bound according to a predefined manner, where the resource information set includes at least one of: an available preamble resource of the current cell, and an available time domain resource of the local cell.
  • the calculating unit is configured to bind each available preamble root sequence to a different subframe, respectively, when the network side device is an evolved base station and the evolved base station has multiple available preamble root sequences.
  • the binding manner of each available preamble root sequence and different subframes is changed according to a preset pattern.
  • the access time changes according to a preset pattern.
  • the access module is configured to: if the conflict occurs in the process of accessing according to the PRACH resource, determine to continue to access according to the already calculated PRACH resource, or determine the time-frequency resource separately divided by the network side device. Random access is performed, wherein the additionally allocated time-frequency resources are notified by the network side device or are predefined.
  • the foregoing apparatus further includes: a reporting module, configured to report the access situation to the network side device when the access is completed after multiple attempts to access the access, where the access situation is used by the network side device Assign dedicated PRACH resources.
  • a reporting module configured to report the access situation to the network side device when the access is completed after multiple attempts to access the access, where the access situation is used by the network side device Assign dedicated PRACH resources.
  • the calculating unit is configured to select one PRACH resource set, and calculate the PRACH resource according to the identification information in the PRACH resource set.
  • the access module is configured to use the PRACH resource for accessing, including: after calculating the available preamble number according to the identifier information, performing random access by using the preamble resource corresponding to the available preamble number; After calculating the available preamble number and one or more access moments, the preamble resource corresponding to the available preamble number is used for random access at one or more access moments; and the available preamble is calculated according to the identification information. After numbering and one or more frequency domain resources, random access is performed on one or more frequency domain resources by using a preamble resource corresponding to the available preamble number; and the available preamble number and one or more are calculated according to the identification information. After the time domain resource, the preamble resource corresponding to the available preamble number is used for random access on one or more time domain resources; and the network side device uses the PRACH resource allocated by itself to perform random access.
  • the PRACH resource is selected according to a preset manner, where the PRACH resource is one of: a preamble resource, a preamble resource, and one or more access moments, a preamble resource, and one or more frequency domains.
  • the resource, a preamble resource, and one or more time-frequency resources; accessing the PRACH resource solves the problem that the related technology lacks a solution suitable for a large number of terminal access, thereby effectively reducing the UE connection.
  • the delay is reduced, which reduces the system's demand for resources and also reduces the probability of collision.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for accessing a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of UE classification access according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural block diagram of an access device of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural block diagram of an access device of a user equipment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for accessing a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the method may include the following processing steps:
  • Step S102 Select a physical random access channel (PRACH) resource according to a preset manner, where the PRACH resource is one of: a preamble resource, a preamble resource, and one or more access moments, a preamble resource, and One or more frequency domain resources, one preamble resource, and one or more time-frequency resources;
  • PRACH physical random access channel
  • Step S104 Access is performed by using a PRACH resource.
  • the method shown in FIG. 1 is adopted to randomly select one preamble resource, one preamble resource and access time, one preamble resource and frequency domain resource, and one of the preamble resource and the time-frequency resource according to a preset manner.
  • the access can overcome the problem of insufficient random access resources in the related art, thereby effectively reducing the access delay of the UE, reducing the system's demand for resources, and reducing the collision probability.
  • selecting the PRACH resource according to the preset manner may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following:
  • Method 1 Calculate the PRACH resource according to its own identification information
  • Manner 2 Select the PRACH resource allocated by the network side device for itself.
  • the PRACH resource allocated by the network side device to the network side device may be selected according to the radio resource control RRC signaling or the physical layer signaling received from the network side device.
  • the following operations may also be included in the step S102:
  • Step S1 Receive a notification message sent by the network side device, where the notification message may be used to notify at least one of: available preamble resources of the current cell, available time domain resources of the current cell, available frequency domain resources of the local cell, and the local The time domain resource period of the cell.
  • the following operations may also be included in the step S102:
  • Step S2 Acquire a resource information set bound according to a predefined manner, where the resource information set includes at least one of: available preamble resources of the current cell, available time domain resources of the current cell, available frequency domain resources of the current cell, and The time domain resource period of the cell.
  • step S102 when the network side device is an evolved base station and the cell where the evolved base station is located has multiple available preamble root sequences, each available preamble root sequence is respectively bound to a different subframe.
  • the binding manner of each available preamble root sequence to a different subframe is changed according to a preset pattern.
  • the access time varies according to a preset pattern.
  • the following steps may be further included:
  • Step S3 If a collision occurs in the process of accessing according to the PRACH resource, determining to continue to access according to the already calculated PRACH resource, or determining that the time-frequency resource separately allocated by the network side device performs random access, where The additionally divided time-frequency resources are notified by the network side device or are predefined.
  • the above method may further include the following operations:
  • Step S4 In the case that the access is completed after multiple attempts to access, the access situation is reported to the network side device, where the access situation is used by the network side device to allocate a dedicated PRACH resource for itself.
  • calculating the PRACH resource according to the identifier information may include the following steps:
  • Step S5 Select a PRACH resource set, and calculate a PRACH resource according to the identification information in the PRACH resource set.
  • accessing by using the PRACH resource may include, but is not limited to, one of the following ways:
  • Manner 1 After calculating the available preamble number according to the identifier information, performing random access by using the preamble resource corresponding to the available preamble number;
  • Manner 2 After calculating the available preamble number and one or more access times according to the identifier information, performing random access on the one or more access moments by using the preamble resource corresponding to the available preamble number;
  • Manner 3 After calculating the available preamble number and one or more frequency domain resources according to the identifier information, performing random access on one or more frequency domain resources by using the preamble resource corresponding to the available preamble number;
  • Manner 4 After calculating the available preamble number and one or more time domain resources according to the identifier information, performing random access on the one or more time domain resources by using the preamble resource corresponding to the available preamble number;
  • Manner 5 The network side device is used to perform random access for the PRACH resources allocated by itself.
  • the UE When the UE needs to initiate the random access, it does not randomly select one from the optional preamble, but selects the PRACH resource according to its own UE identification information or becomes the UE_ID, where the UE_ID may include but is not limited to the following One:
  • IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity
  • SAE-Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity S-TMSI for short
  • IMEI International Mobile Equipment Identity
  • C-RNTI Cell Radio Network Temporary Identifier
  • UE_ID is not limited to the several forms provided above in the actual application process.
  • the PRACH resource of the UE may be a function of the UE_ID:
  • n PRACH f(UE_ID)
  • PRACH resources may include but is not limited to one of the following:
  • the preamble resource may be a preamble sequence corresponding to a specific cyclic shift of a specific root sequence in the LTE system, for example, a physical root sequence is 3, and a cyclic shift is a leading sequence of 13.
  • the root sequence may be a logical root sequence or a physical root sequence, and the root sequence type is not limited herein.
  • the UE may calculate a preamble number according to its own UE_ID, and then perform random access according to the calculated preamble corresponding to the preamble number.
  • the time-frequency resources accessed by the UE are not limited herein, for example, the available time-frequency resources notified by the evolved NodeB (eNB) are randomly selected.
  • eNB evolved NodeB
  • n preamble UE_ID mod N preamble ,
  • N preamble is the total number of preambles.
  • a and D are respectively two different large prime numbers, which may be predefined or may be notified by the eNB. In the actual application process, it is not limited to adopting the above formula.
  • the eNB Before performing the foregoing operations, the eNB needs to notify (eg, notify in the SIB) of available preamble resource information of the current cell by using Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, and/or available time domain resource information of the current cell, and/or The available frequency domain resource information of the current cell, for example, notifying the cell, the root sequence of the preamble resource, the cyclic shift size, and the like, and the time-frequency resource information.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the available preamble resources of the current cell may be preset or predefined, and/or the available time domain resources of the current cell, and/or the frequency domain resources of the local cell, for example:
  • the cell may use a root sequence of the preamble resource and/or an available time domain resource and/or an available frequency domain resource to have a certain binding relationship with the cell ID, and the cyclic shift size is preset.
  • the subframe and the root sequence may be bound in order to reduce the detection complexity of the eNB, the interference between the sequences, and reduce the false alarm probability. That is, when the UE needs to perform random access, it needs to be sent on the subframe corresponding to the root sequence of its preamble.
  • the number of available root sequences is 10, and the numbers are 0 to 9, respectively, and the corresponding subframes are 0 to 9, and the subframes with the root sequence of 4 can only be transmitted on the subframe 4.
  • the binding mode may be changed by using a certain pattern, for example, the root sequence of the even subframe numbers 0-9 corresponds to the subframes of numbers 0-9, and the odd subframes.
  • the root sequences of numbers 0 to 9 correspond to subframes numbered 9 to 0.
  • the UE may calculate a preamble number and an access time according to the UE_ID of the UE, and then perform access according to the preamble corresponding to the calculated preamble number at the calculated access time.
  • the frequency domain resources used by the UE are not limited herein, for example, randomly selecting available frequency domain resources notified by the eNB. An example is given below.
  • the UE's preamble number is:
  • n preamble UE_ID mod N preamble , or
  • the access time of the UE is:
  • the SFN is the system frame number
  • the n subframe is the subframe number
  • a and D are respectively two different large prime numbers
  • T is a time domain resource period, which is predefined or notified by the eNB.
  • UE_ID is 35923
  • N preamble 64
  • T 200ms
  • n preamble UE_IDmod N preamble is used
  • the preamble number of the UE is 19.
  • #1 subframe of SFN 16
  • #1 subframe of SFN 36
  • #1 subframe of SFN 56, and the like.
  • the UE in order to increase the access success rate of the UE and reduce the delay, is defined by a formula to correspond to multiple access moments in one time domain resource period.
  • the eNB Before performing the foregoing operations, the eNB needs to notify (eg, notify in the SIB) of available preamble resource information of the current cell by using Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, and/or available time domain resource information of the current cell, and/or The available frequency domain resource information of the current cell, for example, notifying the cell, the root sequence of the preamble resource, the cyclic shift size, and the like, and the time-frequency resource information.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the available preamble resources of the current cell, and/or the available time domain resources of the current cell, and/or the frequency domain resources of the local cell may be preset or predefined.
  • the root sequence of the preamble resource and/or the available time domain resource and/or the available frequency domain resource may have a certain binding relationship with the cell ID, and the cyclic shift size is preset. T is eNB notified or predefined.
  • the access moment of the UE may be changed by using a certain pattern, for example:
  • the subframe and the root sequence may be bound in order to reduce the detection complexity of the eNB, the interference between the sequences, and reduce the false alarm probability. I will not repeat them here.
  • the UE may calculate a preamble number and a frequency domain resource according to the UE_ID of the UE, and then perform access on the calculated frequency domain resource according to the preamble corresponding to the calculated preamble number.
  • the time resources used by the UE are not limited here, for example, the available time resources notified by the eNB are randomly selected. An example is given below.
  • the UE's preamble number is:
  • n preamble UE_ID mod N preamble , or,
  • the frequency domain resource index of the UE access is:
  • f is the frequency domain resource number
  • F is the total number of frequency domain resources is predefined or notified by the eNB.
  • the UE in order to increase the access success rate and reduce the delay of the UE, the UE may be configured to correspond to multiple accessed frequency domain resources by defining a formula.
  • the eNB Before performing the foregoing operations, the eNB needs to notify (eg, notify in the SIB) of available preamble resource information of the current cell by using Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, and/or available time domain resource information of the current cell, and/or The available frequency domain resource information of the current cell, for example, notifying the cell, the root sequence of the preamble resource, the cyclic shift size, and the like, and the time-frequency resource information.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the available preamble resources of the current cell, and/or the available time domain resources of the current cell, and/or the frequency domain resources of the local cell may be preset or predefined.
  • the root sequence of the preamble resource and/or the available time domain resource and/or the available frequency domain resource may have a certain binding relationship with the cell ID, and the cyclic shift size is preset.
  • F is eNB notified or predefined.
  • the subframe and the root sequence may be bound in order to reduce the detection complexity of the eNB, the interference between the sequences, and reduce the false alarm probability. I will not repeat them here.
  • the UE may calculate an available preamble number and the accessed time-frequency resource according to the UE_ID of the UE, and then perform access on the calculated time-frequency resource according to the preamble corresponding to the calculated preamble number.
  • An example is given below.
  • the UE's preamble number is:
  • n preamble UE_ID mod N preamble , or
  • the time-frequency resource index of the UE access is:
  • r ((UE_ID-n preamble )/N preamble )mod R, or,
  • r is the time-frequency resource number
  • R is the total number of time-frequency resources in a time-frequency resource period
  • a and D are respectively two different large prime numbers, which are predefined or eNB-notified.
  • the UE in order to increase the access success rate and reduce the delay of the UE, the UE may be configured to correspond to multiple time-frequency resources in one resource period by defining a formula.
  • the eNB Before performing the foregoing operations, the eNB needs to notify (eg, notify in the SIB) of available preamble resource information of the current cell by using Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, and/or available time domain resource information of the current cell, and/or The available frequency domain resource information of the current cell, for example, notifying the cell, the root sequence of the preamble resource, the cyclic shift size, and the like, and the time-frequency resource information.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the available preamble resources of the current cell, and/or the available time domain resources of the current cell, and/or the frequency domain resources of the local cell may be preset or predefined.
  • the root sequence of the preamble resource and/or the available time domain resource and/or the available frequency domain resource may have a certain binding relationship with the cell ID, and the cyclic shift size is preset.
  • R is calculated by the eNB or is predefined, or is calculated by some predefined parameters, for example, a product obtained by multiplying the time domain resource period and the total number of available frequency domain resources.
  • the access time of the UE may be changed by using a certain pattern, which is similar to the above case, and details are not described herein again.
  • the subframe and the root sequence may be bound in order to reduce the detection complexity of the eNB, the interference between the sequences, and reduce the false alarm probability. It will not be repeated here.
  • different UEs are classified for access in order to meet the requirements of different access delay levels or collision probability requirements of the UE.
  • the UE selects one PRACH resource set according to its own UE type or service type.
  • the PRACH resource set is used to calculate the PRACH resource according to its own identity, and the corresponding PRACH resource set is calculated.
  • the formula of the resource is different, and the formula parameters are predefined or eNB notification.
  • 2 is a schematic diagram of UE classification access in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, there are three PRACH resource sets, and the slash area and the vertical line area respectively represent different resource periods.
  • the frequency domain resources of the three PRACH resource sets are different, and the PRACH is represented from top to bottom.
  • Resource Set #1, PRACH Resource Set #2 and PRACH Resource Set #3, the corresponding delay requirements are lowered from top to bottom.
  • the UE selects a PRACH resource set according to its own delay requirement, calculates a PRACH resource, and then performs access.
  • the UE with high delay requirement may also calculate the PRACH resource for access on multiple resource sets. For example, a UE has a high latency requirement. It can calculate PRACH resources on all three sets, and then can access it on any of the calculated resources.
  • the UE with high delay requirement may transmit on other time-frequency resources allocated for UEs whose latency requirements are lower.
  • the UE still accesses according to the PRACH resource calculated according to the UE_ID. or,
  • the UE automatically calculates a PRACH resource for access to another time-frequency resource according to the above-mentioned formula, or randomly selects a preamble for access according to the prior art.
  • the above time-frequency resources are notified or predefined by the eNB.
  • the eNB After the UE is not successfully accessed, the eNB reports the situation to the eNB, for example, the number of failures. If the number of accesses exceeds a certain number of times, the information is reported. The eNB receives the information reported by the UE. The UE allocates a dedicated PRACH resource.
  • the UE reports its own UE type or service type, for example, the access delay allowed by the UE, the access period, and the like.
  • the eNB may allocate the PRACH resource used for the subsequent access to the UE according to the UE type or the service type reported by the UE, and notify the PRACH resource by using RRC signaling or physical layer signaling (for example, DCI or a new physical layer signaling).
  • the PRACH resource may include but is not limited to one of the following:
  • the foregoing preamble resource is not limited to the preamble form in the existing LTE, and may be a newly defined sequence.
  • the foregoing allocated PRACH resources are used for random access.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural block diagram of an access device of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the access device of the user equipment may include: a selecting module 10, configured to select a physical random access channel PRACH resource according to a preset manner, where the PRACH resource is one of: a preamble resource, and a The preamble resource and one or more access moments, a preamble resource, and one or more frequency domain resources, one preamble resource, and one or more time-frequency resources; and the access module 20 is configured to use the PRACH resource for access.
  • a selecting module 10 configured to select a physical random access channel PRACH resource according to a preset manner, where the PRACH resource is one of: a preamble resource, and a The preamble resource and one or more access moments, a preamble resource, and one or more frequency domain resources, one preamble resource, and one or more time-frequency resources
  • the access module 20 is configured to use the PRACH resource for access.
  • the device shown in FIG. 3 solves the problem that the related art lacks a solution suitable for massive terminal access, thereby effectively reducing the access delay of the UE and reducing the system's resource requirement. It also reduces the probability of collision.
  • the selecting module 10 may include: a calculating unit 100 configured to calculate a PRACH resource according to its own identification information; and a selecting unit 102 configured to select a PRACH resource allocated by the network side device for itself.
  • the selecting unit 102 is configured to select, according to the radio resource control RRC signaling or the physical layer signaling received from the network side device, the PRACH resource allocated by the network side device for itself.
  • the foregoing apparatus may further include: a receiving module 30, configured to receive a notification message sent by the network side device, where the notification message is used to notify at least one of: the available preamble resource of the local cell, the local The available time domain resources of the cell, the available frequency domain resources of the current cell, and the time domain resource period of the current cell.
  • a receiving module 30 configured to receive a notification message sent by the network side device, where the notification message is used to notify at least one of: the available preamble resource of the local cell, the local The available time domain resources of the cell, the available frequency domain resources of the current cell, and the time domain resource period of the current cell.
  • the foregoing apparatus may further include: an obtaining module 40, configured to acquire a resource information set bound according to a predefined manner, where the resource information set includes at least one of the following: an available preamble resource of the local cell.
  • the available time domain resources of the current cell, the available frequency domain resources of the current cell, and the time domain resource period of the current cell are examples of the resource information set bound according to a predefined manner.
  • the computing unit 100 is configured to bind each available preamble root sequence to different subframes when the network side device is an evolved base station and the evolved base station is in a cell with multiple available preamble root sequences. .
  • the binding manner of each available preamble root sequence to a different subframe is changed according to a preset pattern.
  • the access time varies according to a preset pattern.
  • the access module 20 is configured to determine to continue to access according to the already calculated PRACH resource if a collision occurs in the process of accessing according to the PRACH resource, or to determine another time-frequency division of the network side device.
  • the resource performs random access, wherein the additionally divided time-frequency resources are notified by the network side device or are predefined.
  • the foregoing apparatus may further include: a reporting module 50, configured to report the access situation to the network side device, where the access is completed after the access attempt is failed after multiple attempts, wherein the access is The situation is used by the network side device to allocate a dedicated PRACH resource for itself.
  • a reporting module 50 configured to report the access situation to the network side device, where the access is completed after the access attempt is failed after multiple attempts, wherein the access is The situation is used by the network side device to allocate a dedicated PRACH resource for itself.
  • the calculating unit 100 is configured to select one PRACH resource set, and calculate the PRACH resource according to the identification information in the PRACH resource set.
  • the access module 20, configured to use the PRACH resource for accessing may include but is not limited to one of the following manners:
  • Manner 1 After calculating the available preamble number according to the identifier information, performing random access by using the preamble resource corresponding to the available preamble number;
  • Manner 2 After calculating the available preamble number and one or more access times according to the identifier information, performing random access on the one or more access moments by using the preamble resource corresponding to the available preamble number;
  • Manner 3 After calculating the available preamble number and one or more frequency domain resources according to the identifier information, performing random access on one or more frequency domain resources by using the preamble resource corresponding to the available preamble number;
  • Manner 4 After calculating the available preamble number and one or more time domain resources according to the identifier information, performing random access on the one or more time domain resources by using the preamble resource corresponding to the available preamble number;
  • Manner 5 The network side device is used to perform random access for the PRACH resources allocated by itself.
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention can be overcome.
  • the problem of insufficient random access resources in the related art effectively reduces the access delay of the UE, reduces the system's demand for resources, and reduces the collision probability.
  • modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device that can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. Alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by the computing device such that they may be stored in the storage device by the computing device and, in some cases, may be different from the order herein.
  • the steps shown or described are performed, or they are separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules or steps thereof are fabricated as a single integrated circuit module.
  • the invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
  • the access method and apparatus for user equipment provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the aging of the random access resources in the related art can be effectively alleviated, and the access delay of the UE is reduced and the access delay is reduced.
  • the system's demand for resources also reduces the probability of collision.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种用户设备的接入方法及装置，在上述方法中，按照预设方式选择PRACH资源，其中，PRACH资源为以下之一：一个preamble资源、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个接入时刻、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个频域资源、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个时频资源；采用PRACH资源进行接入。根据本发明提供的技术方案，有效地减少了UE的接入时延，降低了系统对资源的需求，同时也降低了碰撞概率。

Description

用户设备的接入方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域，具体而言，涉及一种用户设备的接入方法及装置。
背景技术
机器类型通信(Machine Type Communication，简称为MTC)用户设备(User Equipment，简称为UE)，又称机器到机器(Machine to Machine，简称为M2M)用户通信设备，是目前物联网的主要应用形式。
近年来，由于长期演进(Long-Term Evolution，简称为LTE)/高级长期演进系统(Long-Term Evolution Advance，简称为LTE-Advance或LTE-A)的频谱效率较高，越来越多的移动运营商选择LTE/LTE-A作为宽带无线通信系统的演进方向。基于LTE/LTE-A的MTC多种类型数据业务也将更具吸引力。
未来巨量机器设备通信要求：随机接入并发传输阻塞率<0.1％，每平米在1s～10s内的接入密度不小于10个UE，那么在一个微小区内，1s～10s内至少需要接入好几万个用户。为了满足该需求，按照现有随机接入的方式，即使UE均匀接入，并采用物理随机接入信道(Physical Random Access Channel，简称为PRACH)配置索引(Configuration Index)#14(每个子帧都可以发起随机接入)的情况下，至少需要上百倍的PRACH资源。而在实际情况下并非均匀接入，其需要的资源数可能会更多。在现有的LTE系统中，对于一个20M带宽的系统，如果一个时频资源能够容纳一个前导(preamble)根序列的64个循环移位的话，即使全带宽都用来发送PRACH也是不够的。
由此可见，相关技术中缺乏一种适用于巨量终端接入的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种用户设备的接入方法及装置，以至少解决相关技术中缺乏一种适用于巨量终端接入的解决方案的问题。
根据本发明实施例的一个方面，提供了一种用户设备的接入方法。
根据本发明实施例的用户设备的接入方法包括：按照预设方式选择物理随机接入信道(PRACH)资源，其中，该PRACH资源为以下之一：一个前导(preamble)资源、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个接入时刻、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个频域资源、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个时频资源；采用PRACH资源进行接入。
优选地，按照预设方式选择PRACH资源包括以下至少之一：按照自身的标识信息计算PRACH资源；选择网络侧设备为自身分配的PRACH资源。
优选地，根据从网络侧设备接收到的无线资源控制(RRC)信令或者物理层信令选择网络侧设备为自身分配的PRACH资源。
优选地，在按照预设方式选择PRACH资源之前，还包括：接收网络侧设备发送的通知消息，其中，通知消息用于通知以下至少之一：本小区的可用preamble资源、本小区的可用时域资源、本小区的可用频域资源、本小区的时域资源周期。
优选地，在按照预设方式选择PRACH资源之前，还包括：获取按照预定义方式绑定的资源信息集合，其中，资源信息集合包括以下至少之一：本小区的可用preamble资源、本小区的可用时域资源、本小区的可用频域资源、本小区的时域资源周期。
优选地，当网络侧设备为演进基站且演进基站所在小区存在多个可用的preamble根序列的情况下，分别将每个可用的preamble根序列与不同的子帧相绑定。
优选地，每个可用的preamble根序列与不同的子帧的绑定方式按照预设图样(pattern)进行变化。
优选地，接入时刻按照预设pattern进行变化。
优选地，在按照标识信息计算PRACH资源之后，还包括：如果在按照PRACH资源进行接入的过程中发生冲突，则确定继续按照已经计算出的PRACH资源进行接入，或者，确定在网络侧设备另外划分的时频资源进行随机接入，其中，另外划分的时频资源是由网络侧设备通知的或者预先定义的。
优选地，上述方法还包括：在经过多次尝试接入失败后完成接入的情况下，向网络侧设备上报接入情况，其中，接入情况用于网络侧设备为自身分配专用的PRACH资源。
优选地，按照标识信息计算PRACH资源包括：选择一个PRACH资源集合，并在PRACH资源集合内根据标识信息计算PRACH资源。
优选地，采用PRACH资源进行接入包括以下之一：在根据标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号后，采用与可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源进行随机接入；在根据标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号和一个或多个接入时刻后，采用与可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源在一个或多个接入时刻上进行随机接入；在根据标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号和一个或多个频域资源后，采用与可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源在一个或多个频域资源上进行随机接入；在根据标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号和一个或多个时域资源后，采用与可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源在一个或多个时域资源上进行随机接入；采用网络侧设备为自身分配的PRACH资源进行随机接入。
根据本发明实施例的另一方面，提供了一种用户设备的接入装置。
根据本发明实施例的用户设备的接入装置包括：选择模块，设置为按照预设方式选择PRACH资源，其中，PRACH资源为以下之一：一个preamble资源、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个接入时刻、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个频域资源、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个时频资源；接入模块，设置为采用PRACH资源进行接入。
优选地，选择模块包括：计算单元，设置为按照自身的标识信息计算PRACH资源；选择单元，设置为选择网络侧设备为自身分配的PRACH资源。
优选地，选择单元，设置为根据从网络侧设备接收到的RRC信令或者物理层信令选择网络侧设备为自身分配的PRACH资源。
优选地，上述装置还包括：接收模块，设置为接收网络侧设备发送的通知消息，其中，通知消息用于通知以下至少之一：本小区的可用preamble资源、本小区的可用时域资源、本小区的可用频域资源、本小区的时域资源周期。
优选地，上述装置还包括：获取模块，设置为获取按照预定义方式绑定的资源信息集合，其中，资源信息集合包括以下至少之一：本小区的可用preamble资源、本小区的可用时域资源、本小区的可用频域资源、本小区的时域资源周期。
优选地，计算单元，设置为当网络侧设备为演进基站且演进基站所在小区存在多个可用的preamble根序列的情况下，分别将每个可用的preamble根序列与不同的子帧相绑定。
优选地，每个可用的preamble根序列与不同的子帧的绑定方式按照预设pattern进行变化。
优选地，接入时刻按照预设pattern进行变化。
优选地，接入模块，设置为如果在按照PRACH资源进行接入的过程中发生冲突，则确定继续按照已经计算出的PRACH资源进行接入，或者，确定在网络侧设备另外划分的时频资源进行随机接入，其中，另外划分的时频资源是由网络侧设备通知的或者预先定义的。
优选地，上述装置还包括：上报模块，设置为在经过多次尝试接入失败后完成接入的情况下，向网络侧设备上报接入情况，其中，接入情况用于网络侧设备为自身分配专用的PRACH资源。
优选地，计算单元，设置为选择一个PRACH资源集合，并在PRACH资源集合内根据标识信息计算PRACH资源。
优选地，接入模块，设置为采用PRACH资源进行接入包括以下之一：在根据标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号后，采用与可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源进行随机接入；在根据标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号和一个或多个接入时刻后，采用与可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源在一个或多个接入时刻上进行随机接入；在根据标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号和一个或多个频域资源后，采用与可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源在一个或多个频域资源上进行随机接入；在根据标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号和一个或多个时域资源后，采用与可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源在一个或多个时域资源上进行随机接入；采用网络侧设备为自身分配的PRACH资源进行随机接入。
通过本发明实施例，按照预设方式选择PRACH资源，其中，PRACH资源为以下之一：一个前导preamble资源、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个接入时刻、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个频域资源、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个时频资源；采用PRACH资源进行接入，解决了相关技术中缺乏一种适用于巨量终端接入的解决方案的问题，进而有效地减少了UE的接入时延，降低了系统对资源的需求，同时也降低了碰撞概率。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是根据本发明实施例的用户设备的接入方法的流程图；
图2是根据本发明优选实施例的UE分类接入的示意图；
图3是根据本发明实施例的用户设备的接入装置的结构框图；
图4是根据本发明优选实施例的用户设备的接入装置的结构框图。
具体实施方式
下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
图1是根据本发明实施例的用户设备的接入方法的流程图。如图1所示，该方法可以包括以下处理步骤：
步骤S102：按照预设方式选择物理随机接入信道(PRACH)资源，其中，PRACH资源为以下之一：一个前导(preamble)资源、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个接入时刻、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个频域资源、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个时频资源；
步骤S104：采用PRACH资源进行接入。
相关技术中缺乏一种适用于巨量终端接入的解决方案。采用如图1所示的方法，通过按照预设方式选择一个前导preamble资源、一个preamble资源和接入时刻、一个preamble资源和频域资源以及一个preamble资源和时频资源的其中一种资源进行随机接入，能够克服相关技术中的随机接入资源不足的问题，从而有效地减少了UE的接入时延，降低了系统对资源的需求，同时也降低了碰撞概率。
优选地，在步骤S102中，按照预设方式选择PRACH资源可以包括但不限于以下至少之一：
方式一、按照自身的标识信息计算PRACH资源；
方式二、选择网络侧设备为自身分配的PRACH资源。
优选地，在上述方式二中，可以根据从网络侧设备接收到的无线资源控制RRC信令或者物理层信令选择网络侧设备为自身分配的PRACH资源。
优选地，在步骤S102，按照预设方式选择PRACH资源之前，还可以包括以下操作：
步骤S1：接收网络侧设备发送的通知消息，其中，该通知消息可以用于通知以下至少之一：本小区的可用preamble资源、本小区的可用时域资源、本小区的可用频域资源、本小区的时域资源周期。
优选地，在步骤S102，按照预设方式选择PRACH资源之前，还可以包括以下操作：
步骤S2：获取按照预定义方式绑定的资源信息集合，其中，资源信息集合包括以下至少之一：本小区的可用preamble资源、本小区的可用时域资源、本小区的可用频域资源、本小区的时域资源周期。
优选地，在步骤S102中，当网络侧设备为演进基站且演进基站所在小区存在多个可用的preamble根序列的情况下，分别将每个可用的preamble根序列与不同的子帧相绑定。
在优选实施过程中，每个可用的preamble根序列与不同的子帧的绑定方式按照预设图样(pattern)进行变化。
在优选实施过程中，接入时刻按照预设pattern进行变化。
优选地，在上述方式一，按照标识信息计算PRACH资源之后，还可以包括以下步骤：
步骤S3：如果在按照PRACH资源进行接入的过程中发生冲突，则确定继续按照已经计算出的PRACH资源进行接入，或者，确定在网络侧设备另外划分的时频资源进行随机接入，其中，另外划分的时频资源是由网络侧设备通知的或者预先定义的。
优选地，上述方法还可以包括以下操作：
步骤S4：在经过多次尝试接入失败后完成接入的情况下，向网络侧设备上报接入情况，其中，接入情况用于网络侧设备为自身分配专用的PRACH资源。
优选地，在上述方式一中，按照标识信息计算PRACH资源可以包括以下步骤进行：
步骤S5：选择一个PRACH资源集合，并在PRACH资源集合内根据标识信息计算PRACH资源。
优选地，在步骤S104中，采用PRACH资源进行接入可以包括但不限于以下方式之一：
方式一、在根据标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号后，采用与可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源进行随机接入；
方式二、在根据标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号和一个或多个接入时刻后，采用与可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源在一个或多个接入时刻上进行随机接入；
方式三、在根据标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号和一个或多个频域资源后，采用与可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源在一个或多个频域资源上进行随机接入；
方式四、在根据标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号和一个或多个时域资源后，采用与可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源在一个或多个时域资源上进行随机接入；
方式五、采用网络侧设备为自身分配的PRACH资源进行随机接入。
下面将结合优选实施例一和优选实施例二对上述优选实施过程作进一步的描述。
优选实施例一
当UE需要发起随机接入时，其并非随机地从可选的preamble中任意选择一个，而是根据自身的UE标识信息或者成为UE_ID来选择PRACH资源，其中，该UE_ID可以包括但不限于以下之一：
(1)国际移动用户识别(International Mobile Subscriber Identity，简称为IMSI)；
(2)系统结构演进临时移动用户标识(SAE-Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity，简称为S-TMSI)；
(3)国际移动台识别码(International Mobile Equipment Identity，简称为IMEI)；
(4)小区无线网络临时标识(Cell Radio Network Temporary Identifier，简称为C-RNTI)；
(5)将来可能为MTC UE分配的设备ID；
需要说明的是，在实际应用过程中UE_ID并不限于上述所提供的几种形式。
UE的PRACH资源可以为UE_ID的函数：
nPRACH＝f(UE_ID)
其中，nPRACH为UE的PRACH资源编号，f(□)为一个UE_ID和UE的PRACH资源的对应函数，PRACH资源可以包括但不限于以下之一：
(1)一个preamble资源
(2)一个preamble资源+接入时刻；
(3)一个preamble资源+频域资源；
(4)一个preamble资源+时频资源；
其中，一个preamble资源可以是LTE系统中的特定根序列的特定循环移位对应的前导序列，例如：物理根序列是3、循环移位是13的前导序列。此处，根序列可以为逻辑根序列，也可以是物理根序列，对于根序列类型在此不做限定。当然，也可以不限于现有LTE中preamble的形式，而采用新定义的序列。
下面将对以上四种资源分别对应的情况进行详细说明。
在上述(1)中，UE可以根据自身的UE_ID计算出一个preamble编号，然后再根据计算的与preamble编号对应的preamble进行随机接入。UE接入的时频资源在此不做限制，例如：随机选择演进NodeB(eNB)通知的可用时频资源。下面给出一个计算preamble资源的示例：
npreamble＝UE_ID mod Npreamble，
其中，mod表示取模，Npreamble为preamble总数。例如：UE_ID是35923，Npreamble＝6400，则npreamble＝3923，即UE对应编号为#3923的preamble资源；或者，也可以采用hash函数，例如：
Figure PCTCN2015074636-appb-000001
其中，A和D分别为两个不同的大素数，可以是预定义的也可以是eNB通知的。而在实际应用过程中并不限于采用上述公式。
在执行上述操作之前，eNB需要通过无线资源控制(RRC)信令通知(例如：在SIB中通知)本小区的可用preamble资源信息，和/或，本小区的可用时域资源信息，和/或，本小区的可用频域资源信息，例如：通知本小区可用preamble资源的根序列和循环移位尺寸等信息以及时频资源信息。当然也可以不采用信令通知的方法，而是预设或者预定义本小区的可用preamble资源，和/或，本小区的可用时域资源，和/或，本小区的频域资源例如：本小区可用preamble资源的根序列和/或可用时域资源和/或可用频域资源与cell ID具备一定的绑定关系，循环移位尺寸是预设的。
在优选实施过程中，对于小区可用的preamble根序列较多的情况，为了降低eNB的检测复杂度、序列之间的干扰以及减少虚警概率，可以将子帧和根序列进行绑定。即当UE需要进行随机接入时，需要在其preamble的根序列所对应的子帧上发送。例如：可用的根序列为10个，其编号分别为0～9，分别对应的子帧为0～9，对于根序列为4的子帧只能在子帧4上发送。为了使UE的接入时延更加随机化，绑定方式可以采用一定的pattern进行变化，例如：在偶数子帧编号0～9的根序列对应编号0～9的子帧，而在奇数子帧编号0～9的根序列对应编号9～0的子帧。
在上述(2)中，UE可以根据自身的UE_ID计算出一个preamble编号和接入时刻，然后再根据计算的preamble编号对应的preamble在计算得到的接入时刻上进行接入。UE采用的频域资源在此不做限制，例如：随机选择eNB通知的可用频域资源。下面给出一个示例，UE的preamble编号为：
npreamble＝UE_ID mod Npreamble，或者
Figure PCTCN2015074636-appb-000002
UE的接入时刻为：
(SFN×10+nsubframe)mod T＝((UE_ID-npreamble)/Npreamble)mod T；或者，
(SFN×10+nsubframe)mod T＝((A·(UE_ID-npreamble)mod D)/Npreamble)mod T
其中，SFN为系统帧号，nsubframe为子帧号，A和D分别是两个不同的大素数，T是一个时域资源周期，其为预定义的或者是eNB通知的。在实际应用过程中并不限于采用上述公式。例如：UE_ID是35923，Npreamble＝64，T＝200ms，则采用公式npreamble＝UE_IDmod Npreamble，可得UE的preamble编号为19。
而采用公式(SFN×10+nsubframe)mod T＝((UE_ID-npreamble)/Npreamble)mod T可得UE的接入时刻为(SFN×10+nsubframe)mod 200＝161的子帧，例如：SFN＝16的#1子帧，SFN＝36的#1子帧，SFN＝56的#1子帧等。
在优选实施过程中，为了增加UE的接入成功率并减少时延，通过定义公式使得UE在一个时域资源周期内对应多个接入时刻。
在执行上述操作之前，eNB需要通过无线资源控制(RRC)信令通知(例如：在SIB中通知)本小区的可用preamble资源信息，和/或，本小区的可用时域资源信息，和/或，本小区的可用频域资源信息，例如：通知本小区可用preamble资源的根序列和循环移位尺寸等信息以及时频资源信息。当然也可以不采用信令通知的方法，而是预设或者预定义本小区的可用preamble资源，和/或，本小区的可用时域资源，和/或，本小区的频域资源。例如：本小区可用preamble资源的根序列和/或可用时域资源和/或可用频域资源与cell ID具备一定的绑定关系，循环移位尺寸是预设的。T是eNB通知的或者是预定义的。
在优选实施过程中，为了使得UE的接入时延更加随机化，UE的接入时刻可以采用一定的pattern进行变化，例如：
在(SFN×10+nsubframe)mod T为偶数的情况下，可以采用如下公式：
(SFN×10+nsubframe)mod T＝((UE_ID-npreamble)/Npreamble)mod T；
在(SFN×10+nsubframe)mod T为奇数的情况下，可以采用如下公式：
(SFN×10+nsubframe)mod T＝T-((UE_ID-npreamble)/Npreamble)mod T
而在实际应用过程中并不限于采用上述公式。
此外，对于小区可用的preamble根序列较多情况，为了降低eNB的检测复杂度、序列之间的干扰以及减少虚警概率，可以将子帧和根序列进行绑定。此处不再赘述。
在上述(3)中，UE可以根据自己的UE_ID计算出一个preamble编号和频域资源，然后再根据计算的preamble编号对应的preamble在计算得到的频域资源上进行接入。UE采用的时间资源在此不做限制，例如：随机选择eNB通知的可用时间资源。下面给出一个示例，UE的preamble编号为：
npreamble＝UE_ID mod Npreamble，或者，
Figure PCTCN2015074636-appb-000003
UE的接入的频域资源索引为：
f＝((UE_ID-npreamble)/Npreamble)mod F，或者，
f＝((A·(UE_ID-npreamble)mod D)/Npreamble)mod F
其中，f为频域资源编号，F为频域资源总数是预定义的或者是eNB通知的。在实际应用过程中并不限于采用上述公式。在该优选实施例中，为了增加UE的接入成功率和减少时延，可以通过定义公式使得UE对应多个接入的频域资源。
在执行上述操作之前，eNB需要通过无线资源控制(RRC)信令通知(例如：在SIB中通知)本小区的可用preamble资源信息，和/或，本小区的可用时域资源信息，和/或，本小区的可用频域资源信息，例如：通知本小区可用preamble资源的根序列和循环移位尺寸等信息以及时频资源信息。当然也可以不采用信令通知的方法，而是预设或者预定义本小区的可用preamble资源，和/或，本小区的可用时域资源，和/或，本小区的频域资源。例如：本小区可用preamble资源的根序列和/或可用时域资源和/或可用频域资源与cell ID具备一定的绑定关系，循环移位尺寸是预设的。F是eNB通知的或者是预定义的。
在优选实施过程中，对于小区可用的preamble根序列较多情况，为了降低eNB的检测复杂度、序列之间的干扰以及减少虚警概率，可以将子帧和根序列进行绑定。此处不再赘述。
在上述(4)中，UE可以根据自身的UE_ID计算出一个可用的preamble编号和接入的时频资源，然后再根据计算的preamble编号对应的preamble在计算得到的时频资源上进行接入。下面给出一个示例，UE的preamble编号为：
npreamble＝UE_ID mod Npreamble，或者
Figure PCTCN2015074636-appb-000004
UE的接入的时频资源索引为：
r＝((UE_ID-npreamble)/Npreamble)mod R，或者，
r＝((A·(UE_ID-npreamble)mod D)/Npreamble)mod R
其中，r是时频资源编号，R是一个时频资源周期内总的时频资源数，A和D分别是两个不同的大素数，其为预定义的或者是eNB通知的。在实际应用过程中不限于采用上述公式。在该优选实施例中，为了增加UE的接入成功率和减少时延，可以通过定义公式使得UE在一个资源周期内对应多个时频资源。
在执行上述操作之前，eNB需要通过无线资源控制(RRC)信令通知(例如：在SIB中通知)本小区的可用preamble资源信息，和/或，本小区的可用时域资源信息，和/或，本小区的可用频域资源信息，例如：通知本小区可用preamble资源的根序列和循环移位尺寸等信息以及时频资源信息。当然也可以不采用信令通知的方法，而是预设或者预定义本小区的可用preamble资源，和/或，本小区的可用时域资源，和/或，本小区的频域资源。例如：本小区可用preamble资源的根序列和/或可用时域资源和/或可用频域资源与cell ID具备一定的绑定关系，循环移位尺寸是预设的。R是eNB通知的或者是预定义的，或者是预定义的某些参数计算得到的，例如：采用时域资源周期与可用的频域资源总数进行乘积运算得到的结果。
在优选实施过程中，为了使UE的接入时延更加随机化，UE的接入时刻可以采用一定的pattern进行变化，类似于上述情况，此处不再赘述。
而对于小区可用的preamble根序列较多情况，为了降低eNB的检测复杂度、序列之间的干扰以及减少虚警概率，可以将子帧和根序列进行绑定。此处亦不再赘述。
在优选实施过程中，为了满足UE的不同接入时延等级或者碰撞概率要求等需求，不同的UE分类进行接入。系统中存在多个PRACH资源集合，UE根据自身的UE类型或者业务类型等信息选择一个PRACH资源集合，在该PRACH资源集合上根据自己的标识计算PRACH资源进行接入，不同PRACH资源集合对应的计算资源的公式不同，公式参数为预定义或者eNB通知。图2是根据本发明优选实施例的UE分类接入的示意图。如图2所示，有三个PRACH资源集合，斜线区域和竖线区域分别代表不同的资源周期。这三个PRACH资源集合的频域资源不同，从上到下分别表示PRACH 资源集合#1，PRACH资源集合#2和PRACH资源集合#3，对应的时延要求从上到下变低。UE根据自己的时延要求选择PRACH资源集合，计算出一个PRACH资源，然后进行接入。为了增加时延要求高的UE的接入机会并进一步减少时延，时延要求高的UE还可以在多个资源集合上计算PRACH资源进行接入。比如某个UE的时延要求很高，他可以在这三个集合上都计算PRACH资源，然后可以在任一个计算出的资源上接入。
为了进一步增加时延要求高的UE的接入成功概率，时延要求高的UE可以在其它为比其时延要求低的UE分配的时频资源上进行发送。
当UE按照上述方式选择PRACH资源进行接入时，如果发生碰撞，可以采用下列方式加以解决：
(1)UE仍按照根据UE_ID计算出来的PRACH资源进行接入。或者，
(2)为冲突的UE划分另一个时频资源进行随机接入。当发生冲突时，UE自动到另一个时频资源上按照上述类似的公式计算一个PRACH资源进行接入，或者，按照现有技术随机选择preamble进行接入。上述时频资源是eNB通知的或者预定义的。
当UE多次接入不成功，待其接入之后，将该情况报告给eNB，例如：失败次数，或者，超过一定的接入次数则上报1bit信息，eNB在接收到UE上报的信息后为UE分配专用的PRACH资源。
优选实施例二
UE上报自身的UE类型或者业务类型等，例如：UE允许的接入时延、接入周期等。
eNB可以根据UE上报的UE类型或者业务类型等为该UE分配以后接入所采用的PRACH资源，并用RRC信令或者物理层信令(例如：DCI或者一个新的物理层信令)通知PRACH资源，其中，该PRACH资源可以包括但不限于以下之一：
(1)一个preamble资源；
(2)一个preamble资源+接入时刻；
(3)一个preamble资源+频域资源；
(4)一个preamble资源+时频资源；
其中，上述preamble资源不限于现有LTE中的preamble的形式，可以是新定义的序列，
然后，在UE需要接入时，则采用上述分配的PRACH资源进行随机接入。
图3是根据本发明实施例的用户设备的接入装置的结构框图。如图3所示，该用户设备的接入装置可以包括：选择模块10，设置为按照预设方式选择物理随机接入信道PRACH资源，其中，PRACH资源为以下之一：一个前导preamble资源、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个接入时刻、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个频域资源、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个时频资源；接入模块20，设置为采用PRACH资源进行接入。
采用如图3所示的装置，解决了相关技术中缺乏一种适用于巨量终端接入的解决方案的问题，进而有效地减少了UE的接入时延，降低了系统对资源的需求，同时也降低了碰撞概率。
优选地，如图4所示，选择模块10可以包括：计算单元100，设置为按照自身的标识信息计算PRACH资源；选择单元102，设置为选择网络侧设备为自身分配的PRACH资源。
优选地，选择单元102，设置为根据从网络侧设备接收到的无线资源控制RRC信令或者物理层信令选择网络侧设备为自身分配的PRACH资源。
优选地，如图4所示，上述装置还可以包括：接收模块30，设置为接收网络侧设备发送的通知消息，其中，通知消息用于通知以下至少之一：本小区的可用preamble资源、本小区的可用时域资源、本小区的可用频域资源、本小区的时域资源周期。
优选地，如图4所示，上述装置还可以包括：获取模块40，设置为获取按照预定义方式绑定的资源信息集合，其中，资源信息集合包括以下至少之一：本小区的可用preamble资源、本小区的可用时域资源、本小区的可用频域资源、本小区的时域资源周期。
优选地，计算单元100，设置为当网络侧设备为演进基站且演进基站所在小区存在多个可用的preamble根序列的情况下，分别将每个可用的preamble根序列与不同的子帧相绑定。
在优选实施过程中，每个可用的preamble根序列与不同的子帧的绑定方式按照预设图样(pattern)进行变化。
在优选实施过程中，接入时刻按照预设pattern进行变化。
优选地，接入模块20，设置为如果在按照PRACH资源进行接入的过程中发生冲突，则确定继续按照已经计算出的PRACH资源进行接入，或者，确定在网络侧设备另外划分的时频资源进行随机接入，其中，另外划分的时频资源是由网络侧设备通知的或者预先定义的。
优选地，如图4所示，上述装置还可以包括：上报模块50，设置为在经过多次尝试接入失败后完成接入的情况下，向网络侧设备上报接入情况，其中，接入情况用于网络侧设备为自身分配专用的PRACH资源。
优选地，计算单元100，设置为选择一个PRACH资源集合，并在PRACH资源集合内根据标识信息计算PRACH资源。
优选地，接入模块20，设置为采用PRACH资源进行接入可以包括但不限于以下方式之一：
方式一、在根据标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号后，采用与可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源进行随机接入；
方式二、在根据标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号和一个或多个接入时刻后，采用与可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源在一个或多个接入时刻上进行随机接入；
方式三、在根据标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号和一个或多个频域资源后，采用与可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源在一个或多个频域资源上进行随机接入；
方式四、在根据标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号和一个或多个时域资源后，采用与可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源在一个或多个时域资源上进行随机接入；
方式五、采用网络侧设备为自身分配的PRACH资源进行随机接入。
从以上的描述中，可以看出，上述实施例实现了如下技术效果(需要说明的是这些效果是某些优选实施例可以达到的效果)：采用本发明实施例所提供的技术方案，能够克服相关技术中的随机接入资源不足的问题，从而有效地减少了UE的接入时延，降低了系统对资源的需求，同时也降低了碰撞概率。
显然，本领域的技术人员应该明白，上述的本发明的各模块或各步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上，可选地，它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现，从而，可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行，并且在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤，或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样，本发明不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
如上所述，本发明实施例提供的一种用户设备的接入方法及装置具有以下有益效果：能够有效地缓解相关技术中的随机接入资源不足的压力，降低UE的接入时延，减少系统对资源的需求，同时也降低了碰撞概率。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种用户设备的接入方法，包括：
    按照预设方式选择物理随机接入信道PRACH资源，其中，所述PRACH资源为以下之一：一个前导preamble资源、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个接入时刻、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个频域资源、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个时频资源；
    采用所述PRACH资源进行接入。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，按照所述预设方式选择所述PRACH资源包括以下至少之一：
    按照自身的标识信息计算所述PRACH资源；
    选择网络侧设备为自身分配的所述PRACH资源。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，根据从所述网络侧设备接收到的无线资源控制RRC信令或者物理层信令选择所述网络侧设备为自身分配的所述PRACH资源。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在按照所述预设方式选择所述PRACH资源之前，还包括：
    接收网络侧设备发送的通知消息，其中，所述通知消息用于通知以下至少之一：本小区的可用preamble资源、本小区的可用时域资源、本小区的可用频域资源、本小区的时域资源周期。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在按照所述预设方式选择所述PRACH资源之前，还包括：
    获取按照预定义方式绑定的资源信息集合，其中，所述资源信息集合包括以下至少之一：本小区的可用preamble资源、本小区的可用时域资源、本小区的可用频域资源、本小区的时域资源周期。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，当所述网络侧设备为演进基站且所述演进基站所在小区存在多个可用的preamble根序列的情况下，分别将每个可用的preamble根序列与不同的子帧相绑定。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，每个可用的preamble根序列与不同的子帧的绑定方式按照预设图样pattern进行变化。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述接入时刻按照预设pattern进行变化。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，在按照所述标识信息计算所述PRACH资源之后，还包括：
    如果在按照所述PRACH资源进行接入的过程中发生冲突，则确定继续按照已经计算出的所述PRACH资源进行接入，或者，确定在所述网络侧设备另外划分的时频资源进行随机接入，其中，所述另外划分的时频资源是由所述网络侧设备通知的或者预先定义的。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：在经过多次尝试接入失败后完成接入的情况下，向所述网络侧设备上报接入情况，其中，所述接入情况用于所述网络侧设备为自身分配专用的PRACH资源。
  11. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，按照所述标识信息计算所述PRACH资源包括：
    选择一个PRACH资源集合，并在所述PRACH资源集合内根据所述标识信息计算所述PRACH资源。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，采用所述PRACH资源进行接入包括以下之一：
    在根据所述标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号后，采用与所述可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源进行随机接入；
    在根据所述标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号和所述一个或多个接入时刻后，采用与所述可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源在所述一个或多个接入时刻上进行随机接入；
    在根据所述标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号和所述一个或多个频域资源后，采用与所述可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源在所述一个或多个频域资源上进行随机接入；
    在根据所述标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号和所述一个或多个时域资源后，采用与所述可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源在所述一个或多个时域资源上进行随机接入；
    采用所述网络侧设备为自身分配的所述PRACH资源进行随机接入。
  13. 一种用户设备的接入装置，包括：
    选择模块，设置为按照预设方式选择物理随机接入信道PRACH资源，其中，所述PRACH资源为以下之一：一个前导preamble资源、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个接入时刻、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个频域资源、一个preamble资源以及一个或多个时频资源；
    接入模块，设置为采用所述PRACH资源进行接入。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其中，所述选择模块包括：
    计算单元，设置为按照自身的标识信息计算所述PRACH资源；
    选择单元，设置为选择网络侧设备为自身分配的所述PRACH资源。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其中，所述选择单元，设置为根据从所述网络侧设备接收到的无线资源控制RRC信令或者物理层信令选择所述网络侧设备为自身分配的所述PRACH资源。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其中，所述装置还包括：
    接收模块，设置为接收网络侧设备发送的通知消息，其中，所述通知消息用于通知以下至少之一：本小区的可用preamble资源、本小区的可用时域资源、本小区的可用频域资源、本小区的时域资源周期。
  17. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其中，所述装置还包括：
    获取模块，设置为获取按照预定义方式绑定的资源信息集合，其中，所述资源信息集合包括以下至少之一：本小区的可用preamble资源、本小区的可用时域资源、本小区的可用频域资源、本小区的时域资源周期。
  18. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其中，所述计算单元，设置为当所述网络侧设备为演进基站且所述演进基站所在小区存在多个可用的preamble根序列的情况下，分别将每个可用的preamble根序列与不同的子帧相绑定。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的装置，其中，每个可用的preamble根序列与不同的子帧的绑定方式按照预设图样pattern进行变化。
  20. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其中，所述接入时刻按照预设pattern进行变化。
  21. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其中，所述接入模块，设置为如果在按照所述PRACH资源进行接入的过程中发生冲突，则确定继续按照已经计算出的所述PRACH资源进行接入，或者，确定在所述网络侧设备另外划分的时频资源进行随机接入，其中，所述另外划分的时频资源是由所述网络侧设备通知的或者预先定义的。
  22. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其中，所述装置还包括：
    上报模块，设置为在经过多次尝试接入失败后完成接入的情况下，向所述网络侧设备上报接入情况，其中，所述接入情况用于所述网络侧设备为自身分配专用的PRACH资源。
  23. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其中，所述计算单元，设置为选择一个PRACH资源集合，并在所述PRACH资源集合内根据所述标识信息计算所述PRACH资源。
  24. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其中，所述接入模块，设置为采用所述PRACH资源进行接入包括以下之一：
    在根据所述标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号后，采用与所述可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源进行随机接入；
    在根据所述标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号和所述一个或多个接入时刻后，采用与所述可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源在所述一个或多个接入时刻上进行随机接入；
    在根据所述标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号和所述一个或多个频域资源后，采用与所述可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源在所述一个或多个频域资源上进行随机接入；
    在根据所述标识信息计算出可用的preamble编号和所述一个或多个时域资源后，采用与所述可用的preamble编号对应的preamble资源在所述一个或多个时域资源上进行随机接入；
    采用所述网络侧设备为自身分配的所述PRACH资源进行随机接入。
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