WO2016035306A1 - Système de commande, système de communication, procédé de communication et support d'enregistrement - Google Patents

Système de commande, système de communication, procédé de communication et support d'enregistrement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016035306A1
WO2016035306A1 PCT/JP2015/004377 JP2015004377W WO2016035306A1 WO 2016035306 A1 WO2016035306 A1 WO 2016035306A1 JP 2015004377 W JP2015004377 W JP 2015004377W WO 2016035306 A1 WO2016035306 A1 WO 2016035306A1
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Prior art keywords
communication
address
network
tunnel
vxlan
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PCT/JP2015/004377
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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敏明 高橋
勇人 門間
裕志 島本
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日本電気株式会社
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Priority to JP2016546308A priority Critical patent/JPWO2016035306A1/ja
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  • the present invention relates to a control system, a communication system, a communication method, and a recording medium, and more particularly to a communication system and a communication method for constructing a virtual network on a physical network by logically separating the physical network.
  • VMs virtual machines
  • networking is also virtualized. Need to do.
  • An important function in network virtualization is to logically slice a physical network in units such as for each user tenant and build a virtual network in a multi-layered manner on the physical network.
  • VXLAN Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network
  • Non-Patent Document 1 One of the methods currently attracting attention is a method using a tunneling protocol such as VXLAN (Non-Patent Document 1).
  • the broadcast domain is extended by tunneling layer 2 communication at layer 3 without introducing special equipment for virtualization between servers. Thereby, the network user can use the extended broadcast domain without being aware of this.
  • Non-Patent Document 3 a mechanism has been devised that operates on general-purpose hardware such as Intel (registered trademark) DPDK (Non-patent Document 2) and speeds up specialized packet transfer performance. Also, a virtual switch that uses this mechanism to perform high-speed communication between virtual machines is being realized (Non-Patent Document 3).
  • VXLAN performs encapsulation using UDP (User Datagram Protocol). At this time, there are some problems to be solved when trying to realize large-capacity communication on the virtual network.
  • UDP User Datagram Protocol
  • the first problem is that, when using UDP, since the UDP socket of the OS is generally used, it is difficult to realize the required large capacity communication.
  • the processing of the network stack is a heavy process, and since it is implemented by the OS, it is difficult to incorporate a device for speeding up, which inevitably causes deterioration in communication performance.
  • the second problem is that even if trying to improve the communication performance on the virtual network by implementing UDP communication on some speed-up mechanism, problems arise in terms of reliability, consistency, maintainability, etc. It is to end. Apart from the network stack of OSs that are widely used in general, it is difficult to implement the processing of the network stack again, and there are many problems in terms of reliability for commercial operation. In addition, layers that are implemented in the OS are not dedicated products, and use of general-purpose Linux (registered trademark) is often required, and there is a field where it is not acceptable to create network stack processing independently. To do. In VXLAN, UDP / IP (User Datagram Protocol / Internet ⁇ Protocol) is used.
  • UDP / IP User Datagram Protocol / Internet ⁇ Protocol
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a control system, a communication system, a communication method, and a recording medium that are suitable for high-speed and large-capacity communication and can enhance the consistency of network communication operations when realizing a virtual network construction. There is to do.
  • a control system includes a tunnel endpoint of a communication destination from a user's MAC (Media Access Control) address of a VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier) and a VXLAN (Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network) tunnel.
  • a database that searches for the IP (Internet Protocol) address of the outgoing interface of
  • a communication system includes: A VM (Virtual Machine) configured on a physical machine; A tunnel endpoint configured on the physical machine, which is a destination tunnel endpoint from a VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier) and a MAC (Media Access Control) address of a VM (Virtual Machine) in another physical machine A tunnel endpoint having a database for retrieving an IP (Internet Protocol) address of the outgoing interface of And an OS (Operating System) having a network stack processing unit.
  • VNI VXLAN Network Identifier
  • MAC Media Access Control
  • the communication method according to the present invention is based on the VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier) and the MAC (Media Access Control) address of the user of the VXLAN (Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network) tunnel.
  • Search for (Internet Protocol) address When the IP address of the outward interface of the tunnel destination endpoint of the communication destination can be acquired, the encapsulated packet is completed, and the packet is transmitted from the NIC (Network Interface Card) to be outside the tunnel endpoint of the communication destination. Communicate to the correct interface.
  • a recording medium on which a program for communication by packet transmission according to the present invention is recorded To the tunnel endpoint, The IP (Internet Protocol) address of the outward interface of the tunnel endpoint of the communication destination is searched from the VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier) and the MAC (Media Access Control) address of the user of the VXLAN (Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network) tunnel. Processing, When the IP address of the outward interface of the tunnel destination endpoint of the communication destination can be acquired, the encapsulated packet is completed, and the packet is transmitted from the NIC (Network Interface Card) to be outside the tunnel endpoint of the communication destination. A program for executing communication processing for communicating with the interface of the direction is recorded.
  • VNI VXLAN Network Identifier
  • MAC Media Access Control
  • the present invention can realize a large-capacity communication on a virtual network realized by VXLAN.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a communication system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram for demonstrating operation
  • a large-capacity communication on the virtual network is realized when a virtual network is built on a physical network.
  • the network stack processing is minimized to make the effective performance almost equal to the performance of packet transfer only.
  • the stability, consistency and maintainability of the network stack processing are not deteriorated.
  • the OS By transferring all network stack processing to the OS as it is, large-capacity communication on a virtual network can be realized using a general-purpose OS.
  • the route / management information for processing is one, the analysis of the network processing itself is simplified, and the maintenance target can be limited to one.
  • FIG. 1A is a block diagram illustrating a control system according to an embodiment of the highest concept of the present invention.
  • the control system 20a of FIG. 1A includes an FDB (Forwarding Database) 25.
  • the FDB 25 is cache data, and is a database for searching for the IP address of the outward interface of the tunnel end point of the communication destination from the MAC addresses of the VNI and VXLAN tunnel users.
  • the control system 20a receives a packet from the VM
  • the FDB 25 can identify the MAC address of the destination Outer from the IP address of the destination Outer only by looking at the MAC address of the destination VM. Therefore, the UDP / IP header can be completed by adding a simple header, and VXLAN communication can be performed only by packet transfer processing.
  • FIG. 1B is a block diagram showing a control system according to an embodiment of the superordinate concept of the present invention.
  • a tunnel endpoint 20 is shown as an example of the control system.
  • the tunnel end point 20 of FIG. 1B includes an FDB 25, a UDP socket 23, and an FD (file descriptor) 24.
  • the FDB 25 is cache data, and is a database for searching for the IP address of the outward interface of the tunnel end point of the communication destination from the MAC addresses of the VNI and VXLAN tunnel users.
  • a case of a VM in another physical machine will be described as an example of a user of the VXLAN tunnel.
  • the UDP socket 23 is used for using the network stack processing by the OS when there is no information on the destination VM in the FDB 25 or when the destination is broadcast and it is necessary to perform multicast communication from the outward interface. is there.
  • the FD 24 is for receiving a packet generated as a result of network stack processing by the OS.
  • the FDB 25 can identify the MAC address of the destination Outer from the IP address of the destination Outer only by looking at the MAC address of the destination VM. Therefore, the UDP / IP header can be completed by adding a simple header, and VXLAN communication can be performed only by packet transfer processing.
  • the network stack processing is performed by the OS using the UDP socket 23.
  • the network stack processing of the OS is performed using the UDP socket 23.
  • the tunnel end point 20 can know the set of the IP address of the Outer corresponding to the MAC address of the VM by receiving the packet generated as a result of the network stack processing from the FD 24.
  • the UDP / IP header can be completed, and VXLAN communication can be performed.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram for explaining a communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Each block in FIG. 2 is mounted on one physical machine. It is assumed that there are a plurality of physical machines having this configuration.
  • a virtual machine 11 exists as an existing communication apparatus.
  • the virtual machine is hereinafter referred to as VM (Virtual Machine), and the virtual machine 11 is hereinafter referred to as VM11.
  • VM Virtual Machine
  • VM11 There is no limit on the number of VMs mounted on one physical machine.
  • Each VM is not aware of the virtual network and performs normal TCP / IP communication (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol communication).
  • An OS 30 having a network stack processing unit 31 capable of UDP / IP communication exists on the physical machine.
  • VXLAN virtual network
  • VNI VXLAN Network Identifier
  • the tunnel end point 20 has an inner 21 as an inward interface and an outer 22 as an outward interface.
  • An IP address is assigned to the Outer 22 as an outward interface.
  • Tunnel endpoints between a plurality of physical machines perform UDP / IP communication by performing encapsulation using a UDP / IP header so that mutual Outers can communicate with each other. Thereby, tunnel end points between a plurality of physical machines perform communication exceeding the layer 3.
  • the tunnel end point 20 has cache data called FDB (Forwarding Database).
  • the FDB is a DB for subtracting the IP address of the destination tunnel end point Outer from the MAC address of the VM in another physical machine as an example of a user of the VNI and VXLAN tunnels.
  • the MAC address of the destination Outer can be specified from the FDB 25 only by looking at the MAC address of the destination VM. That is, by referring to the FDB 25, the MAC address of the destination Outer can be specified from the IP address of the destination Outer, the IP address, and the ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) table of the OS 30. Therefore, the UDP / IP header can be completed by adding a simple header, and VXLAN communication can be performed only by packet transfer processing.
  • ARP Address Resolution Protocol
  • the tunnel end point 20 is provided with a UDP socket 23 for using the network stack processing of the OS 30 and an FD (file descriptor) 24 for receiving a packet generated as a result of the processing.
  • FD file descriptor
  • the network stack processing unit 31 of the OS 30 When there is no destination VM information in the FDB 25 for the packet received by the tunnel endpoint 20 from the VM 11, the network stack processing unit 31 of the OS 30 performs network stack processing using the UDP socket 23. For the packet received by the tunnel end point 20 from the VM 11, the network stack processing by the OS 30 is also performed when the destination is broadcast and the multicast communication from the Outer needs to be performed.
  • the tunnel end point 20 receives the packet generated as a result of the network stack processing from the FD 24 and can know the pair of the VM's MAC address and the corresponding IP address of the Outer, it adds the information to the FDB 25.
  • This operation eliminates the need for network stack processing just for VXLAN. Since the FDB record is unchanged unless the VM configuration or virtual network configuration on each physical device is changed, the network stack processing by the OS is performed only at the beginning of communication. The performance of network stack processing has little effect on the overall communication performance.
  • the configuration of the present embodiment communicates with the VM 11 that performs communication and provides services, the tunnel endpoint 20 that performs virtual network communication using VXLAN, and the OS 30 that has a UDP / IP communication function.
  • NIC41 There are a plurality of physical machines having this configuration, and IP communication is possible through the NIC 41.
  • the tunnel end point 20 includes an inner 21 that exchanges packets with the VM 11 and an outer 22 that has an IP address and communicates with another external physical machine through the NIC 41. Further, the tunnel end point 20 has a UDP socket 23 for using the network stack processing of the OS 30. Further, the tunnel end point 20 has an FD 24 for receiving a packet generated as a result of the network stack processing performed by the OS 30 and for passing a packet coming from the outside to the network stack processing. The tunnel endpoint 20 has an FDB (Forwarding Database) 25 as cache data for performing the VXLAN process.
  • FDB Forwarding Database
  • the high-speed packet transfer processing mechanism and the virtual switch are used between the VM 11 and the Inner 21 to enable high-speed communication connected by the L2 layer. Similarly, communication with the outside performed by the Outer 22 through the NIC 41 can be performed at high speed.
  • the FDB 25 is a DB (Database) for associating the Outer IP address of the tunnel endpoint that manages the correspondence between the virtual NIC and the VNI to be accommodated, using the pair of the MAC address of the VNI and the virtual NIC as a key.
  • DB Database
  • the OS 30 performs network stack processing from a UDP socket and is not limited as long as it can perform UDP / IP communication.
  • 3 and 4 show the flow of processing when transmission is performed from the VM 11.
  • the processing branches depending on whether or not there is information about the destination Outer in the FDB 25.
  • FIG. 3 shows a transmission flow when there is information on the destination Outer in the FDB 25. Since the VM 11 transmits using VXLAN, the VM 11 transfers the packet at a high speed toward the inner 21 of the tunnel end point 20.
  • the tunnel end point 20 refers to the FDB 25 using the VNI that accommodates the virtual NIC that received the packet and the MAC address of the destination VM described in the received packet as keys. In this way, the Outer IP address of the tunnel endpoint that accommodates the virtual NIC of the destination VM is acquired from the FDB 25.
  • APR information is acquired. If only the information in the ARP table is referred to, the MAC address of the Outer can be found and information for encapsulating is prepared. In this way, the encapsulated packet is completed, and the packet is directly transmitted from the NIC 41 at a high speed, thereby communicating with the destination tunnel endpoint Outer.
  • FIG. 4 shows a transmission flow when there is no information on the destination Outer in the FDB 25. This also applies when the Outer information is not in the ARP table and when the transmission request from the VM 11 is broadcast. Since the VM 11 transmits using VXLAN, the VM 11 transfers the packet at a high speed toward the inner 21 of the tunnel end point 20.
  • the tunnel endpoint 20 refers to information from the FDB 25 using the VNI that accommodates the virtual NIC that received the packet and the MAC address of the destination VM described in the received packet as keys. If there is no information on the destination Outer in the FDB 25, the necessary information is not available, so it is necessary to make a multicast or ARP request according to the VXLAN specification.
  • the tunnel end point 20 entrusts generation of a packet to be sent to the OS 30 using the UDP socket 23, and sends the result from the NIC 41.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow of processing when receiving to the VM 11.
  • the packet arrives from the outside to the outer endpoint 22 of the tunnel end point through the NIC 41 and is determined to be a VXLAN packet
  • the packet is removed and then transferred to the VM 11 received from the Inner 21 at high speed.
  • the FDB 25 is made to learn this information if necessary.
  • Fig. 6 explains another processing at the time of reception.
  • the OS 30 As information necessary for the OS 30 to perform network stack processing, it is necessary to receive an ARP Response of a tunnel endpoint in another physical machine.
  • the packet is flowed from the FD 24 to the network stack processing unit 31 of the OS 30 to be learned, and the ARP table of the OS 30 is learned.
  • the first effect is that large-capacity communication can be performed on a virtual network realized by VXLAN. As a result, it is possible to realize server virtualization and network virtualization while maintaining large capacity communication performance by using an existing apparatus that performs large capacity communication as it is.
  • the reason is that the necessary network stack processing can be suppressed to the minimum necessary by the UDP communication for tunneling used for realizing the network virtualization. Therefore, most of the communication processing can be limited to simple packet transfer processing, and large-capacity communication processing can be realized.
  • the second effect is that a packet transfer mechanism for obtaining necessary performance on the virtual network and a network stack process for UDP communication can be freely selected. As a result, the performance required for the virtual network and the OS used on the device can be selected independently.
  • the reason is that the network stack processing suppressed to the minimum necessary has almost no influence on the communication performance, so that the processing itself can be delivered even if the network stack processing of the selected OS is slow.
  • the network stack process selected here is also used for other processes that do not need to be fast, and the network stack process is unified within the device, simplifying analysis and maintenance work in the event of a failure. Can be.
  • the OS 30 includes the network stack processing unit 31 and has been described as using the network stack processing of the OS 30.
  • the ARP table possessed by the network stack processing unit 31 may be stored in the tunnel end point 20 as a cache.
  • the same effects as those of the first embodiment described above are brought about. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the ARP table of the network stack processing unit 31 is used as a cache and is included in the tunnel end point 20, so that all of the capsule processing is performed at the tunnel end point 20 during the transmission processing of FIG. Can be implemented. As a result, higher-speed communication can be expected compared to the first embodiment.
  • whether the transmission process becomes the flow of FIG. 3 or the flow of FIG. 4 is branched depending on whether the information of the destination tunnel endpoint is prepared.
  • the flow in FIG. 4 may be selected. For example, even when the destination information is fixed, if it is necessary to fragment, it is necessary to leave the processing to the OS, so the flow in FIG. 4 is selected. If there is a case where a fragmented packet is received even at the time of reception, the processing may be thrown from the FD 24 to the network stack processing unit 31 as shown in FIG. By configuring this route, it is possible to support transmission / reception of all VXLAN packets.
  • the IP address of the outward interface of the tunnel endpoint of the communication destination is searched from the VNI and the MAC address of the VM in another physical machine.
  • the present invention is not limited to this. I can't.
  • the IP address of the outward interface of the tunnel end point of the communication destination is retrieved from the VNI and the MAC address of the user of the VXLAN tunnel, the above-described remarkable effect is brought about.
  • the operation of the tunnel endpoint described above can also be realized in a program that executes such an operation.
  • This program is a general-purpose semiconductor recording device such as CF (Compact Flash (registered trademark)) and SD (Secure Digital), a magnetic recording medium such as a flexible disk, or a CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read). It can be distributed in the form of a computer-readable recording medium such as an optical recording medium such as “Only Memory”.
  • the communication function of this embodiment may be realized in software by reading and executing a program recorded in such a recording medium.
  • (Supplementary Note 2) A UDP (User Datagram Protocol) socket for using an OS (Operating System) network stack process available, and a file descriptor for receiving a packet generated as a result of the OS network stack process
  • the control system according to Appendix 1 further comprising: (Supplementary note 3) The control system according to supplementary note 2, further comprising a cache corresponding to an ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) table of the network stack processing of the usable OS. (Supplementary note 4)
  • VM Virtual Machine
  • a VM Virtual Machine configured on a physical machine and a tunnel endpoint configured on the physical machine, which is a VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier) and a VM (Virtual Machine) in another physical machine ) From the MAC (Media Access Control) address of the communication destination tunnel endpoint having a database that searches for the IP (Internet Protocol) address of the outward interface of the destination tunnel endpoint, and an OS (Operating System) having a network stack processing unit System).
  • the tunnel endpoint includes a UDP (User Datagram Protocol) socket for using the network stack processing of the OS, and a file descriptor for receiving a packet generated as a result of the network stack processing of the OS.
  • UDP User Datagram Protocol
  • ARP Address Resolution Protocol
  • VNI VXLAN Network Identifier
  • VXLAN Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network
  • MAC Media Access Control
  • VXLAN tunnel 11 The communication method according to any one of supplementary notes 8 to 10, wherein the user of the VXLAN tunnel is a VM (Virtual Machine) in another physical machine.
  • VNI VXLAN Network Identifier
  • VXLAN Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network
  • MAC Media Access Control
  • a recording medium on which a program for communication by packet transmission is recorded which executes a communication process for transmitting and communicating to an outward interface of the tunnel endpoint of the communication destination.
  • a program for communication by packet transmission executes a communication process for transmitting and communicating to an outward interface of the tunnel endpoint of the communication destination.
  • the MAC address of the outgoing interface of the tunnel endpoint of the communication destination is identified from the IP address of the outgoing interface of the tunnel endpoint of the communication destination obtained and the ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) table.
  • the present invention can be applied to the use of virtualization of a node that processes a large amount of data communication in a carrier.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de communication, un système de commande, un procédé de communication, et un support d'enregistrement, qui conviennent à la communication à grande vitesse et à grande capacité avec lesquels la cohérence des opérations de communication de réseau peut être augmentée, lors de la construction d'une configuration de réseau virtuel. Ce système de commande comporte une base de données qui récupère l'adresse de protocole internet (IP) d'une interface tournée vers l'extérieur du point terminal du tunnel d'une destination de communication, à partir d'un identifiant de réseau VXLAN (IRV) et de l'adresse de commande d'accès au support (MAC) de l'utilisateur d'un tunnel de réseau local extensible virtuel (VXLAN).
PCT/JP2015/004377 2014-09-01 2015-08-28 Système de commande, système de communication, procédé de communication et support d'enregistrement WO2016035306A1 (fr)

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JP2019514310A (ja) * 2016-04-27 2019-05-30 新華三技術有限公司New H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. パケット転送
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WO2023010730A1 (fr) * 2021-08-02 2023-02-09 武汉绿色网络信息服务有限责任公司 Procédé et serveur d'analyse de paquets de données

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