WO2016034959A1

WO2016034959A1 - System for identifying vehicles in monitoring station

Info

Publication number: WO2016034959A1
Application number: PCT/IB2015/055830
Authority: WO
Inventors: Владимир Иванович РОГОВ
Original assignee: Владимир Иванович РОГОВ
Priority date: 2014-09-05
Filing date: 2015-07-31
Publication date: 2016-03-10
Also published as: RU2570734C1

Abstract

The invention relates to automated systems for monitoring vehicles driving on roads and is intended for automatically identifying vehicles and developing an algorithm for actions related to the subsequent use of said vehicles, and also for informing a driver, in real-time, of all observations related to the use of the vehicle as a participant in road traffic. A system for monitoring vehicles, having maximally-accurate vehicle identification, in a monitoring station consists of a system in which each monitoring station carries out a mutual authentication process between a transceiver installed on a vehicle and a monitoring station device, wherein all monitoring stations are connected by a single telecommunication network to a distributed database in which received information is processed. In order to protect against unauthorized access, wirelessly transmitted data is encrypted, and additional measures are taken for verifying the authenticity of received information. The invention thus provides a reliable system for identifying vehicles and for informing a vehicle driver, in real-time, regarding the state of the vehicle as a participant in road traffic.

Description

Vehicle control system with the most reliable vehicle identification at the control point

The invention relates to automated systems for monitoring the flow of vehicles on the road during their movement and is intended to automatically identify vehicles and develop an algorithm of actions in relation to their future operation, as well as to inform the driver in real time about all the comments regarding the vehicle as a participant traffic.

Automated (hardware-software) systems for monitoring vehicles are known, based on the principles of pattern recognition that contain video cameras, vehicle identification computers, each of which is connected to a corresponding video camera, and a server for managing and searching a vehicle in a database associated with these computers through a local area network. These systems may differ in the location of the cameras (top, side), but their common feature is the insufficiently high percentage of correctly recognized state registration marks (especially in conditions of poor visibility and at night), relatively easy misleading (dirty number, intentional visual distortion), the requirement for a special vehicle identification computer and powerful lighting devices. According to the technical characteristics of the hardware-software complex "Potok-S" (RF patents N ° N ° 2137202-2137204) the percentage of unmistakably recognized state registration marks (clean and without flaws) in the daytime is at least 95%, at night it is at least 60%, with illumination in the control zone in vertical a plane of at least 60 lux.

Stationary control posts for the movement of vehicles are known, equipped with devices or control systems based on various physical principles: radar, photoelectric, induction, Doppler, etc. (see, for example, the description of the invention to the USSR copyright certificate N 492211, class G 08 G 1/01, 1973). These systems require a low vehicle speed, do not have the ability to uniquely identify a vehicle, or require equipping vehicles with devices that can easily be disabled. As a result of this, such systems are used only when parking vehicles or when driving through guarded objects.

Systems based on satellite navigation and identification are expensive and also not 100% reliable. The accuracy of measurements of such systems depends on the design and class of the receiver, the number and location of satellites (in real time), the state of the ionosphere and the Earth’s atmosphere (overcast, etc.), the presence of interference and other factors. The quality of measurements deteriorates if the satellites are located in the sky in a dense beam or on the same line and “far” - at the horizon line (all this is called “bad geometry”) and there is interference to the signal (closing, reflecting the signal high-rise buildings, trees, mountains nearby). The solution is found in the creation of a group of several dozen satellites. The most widespread satellite positioning systems are GPS systems (abroad) and the Russian analogue of this GLONASS system (Global Navigation Satellite System)

As a disadvantage that prevents the widespread use of such systems for the needs of traffic control, in addition to insufficient accuracy, it should be noted the communication channel that is simplex in its physical essence by which location is determined. The insecurity of this channel from outside interference leads to the fact that such devices are used only with the personal interest of drivers in their presence on the vehicle or in transport companies, where it is possible to constantly monitor the absence of external interference in their work.

The closest analogue to the invention according to the set of essential features is a highly reliable protected vehicle control system with the ability to provide feedback to the driver at the control point (see RU 2522418 CI, G08G1 / 017 (2006.01), B60R25 / 00 (2013.01), publication 10.07. 2014).

The technical problem to which the present invention is directed is to create an information and telecommunication technology with a sufficient degree of reliability, reliability and protection against unauthorized access that implements the most reliable vehicle identification with the possibility of providing feedback to the driver at a control point for the purpose of informing him promptly all comments regarding the operation of the vehicle as a road user.

The technical result that determines the solution of the problem is to provide in real time at the level of a local automated post both directly control all vehicles passing through the post and automatically take an operational decision on the operation of the vehicle as a road participant, as well as the possibility of unauthorized operation of the vehicle to an almost impossible task. The problem is solved by the fact that at each control point, the procedure of mutual authentication of the transceiver installed on the vehicle, made functionally inseparable from it and containing a microprocessor and random access memory for performing the calculations necessary for the implementation of this procedure, and, on the other hand, the transceiver the device of the control point (CPC) installed in the areas of movement and / or parking of vehicles, made with NOSTA of stable communication session between these devices anywhere in the control zone. Moreover, the requesting devices of the control points are connected by a single telecommunication network with a data processing center (DPC), for which a single distributed database is created, consisting of a central database connected through gateways to convert data formats with databases of enterprises and organizations of the automotive industry, and databases (DB) of regional service centers (RSC), to which all control points of the region are closed. Such fragmentation is necessary to optimize the flow of information and increase the stability of the system to possible failures and overloads. This makes it possible to confidently carry out at any point the procedure of mutual authentication of the device of the control point and the vehicle device (TCB) using at least one cryptographic algorithm. At the same time, the geographic coordinates and / or conditional coordinates of this item and the exact time it took the vehicle to be recorded in the TCB memory and in the RTC database are recorded. In order to obtain an accurate time value, the vehicle device and the control point device are configured to receive signals of at least one type of satellite navigation system. This signal is used to synchronize the frequencies of these devices, and the obtained value of the exact time, in addition, and for other purposes, including in computational processes when performing certain types of cryptographic algorithms.

The data center analyzes and processes the information received, according to the results of which, if necessary, information is sent to the driver in real time in the form of audio and / or video messages regarding comments on the operation of the vehicle as a participant in traffic, for which the vehicle’s device Equip an audio or video device, or both.

When carrying out the initial registration of a vehicle in the system, its unique identification number and other necessary data are recorded using a secure protocol in its random access memory along with the result of applying the cryptographic algorithm (as one of the options - GOST 28147-89) to the value of the time of receiving the signal from device control point in conjunction with the values of its coordinates. Other quantities, including pseudo-random ones, can be introduced into this set of values.

In particular embodiments of the invention, the vehicle’s electronic device is partially non-volatile, i.e., it remains operable when the power is disconnected from the vehicle’s network for a period sufficient to perform actions that preclude unauthorized operation of the vehicle. This electronic device is protected by a circuit that makes it an integral part of the vehicle, provided that it remains operational (as one of the options for burning its random access memory when trying to remove it).

The vehicle device is equipped with a receiving antenna with the ability to receive a signal without distortion from the requestor control station devices at a distance of about 100 m from the latter, and the signal frequency can lie in the range of 500-10000 MHz. depending on the version.

The control station device can be equipped with antennas with an artificially limited aperture for monitoring the moments of crossing conditionally control lines: stop lines, dividing lines, parking restriction lines, etc. In general, it is located above the carriageway with the possibility of capturing a vehicle traveling along lane, and keeping in touch with him until the time of completion of the mutual authentication procedure.

The system database is distributed. It consists of a central database (CDB), which consolidates information about each vehicle on the basis of pre-processed information received through the gateways (for converting data formats) from the databases of enterprises and organizations that are somehow connected with the automotive industry. In addition to this function, information on the current location of the vehicle is tracked in a central database.

The central database servers are connected via telecommunication channels to the database servers of the regional service centers (RSC). The package of consolidated information about the vehicle arrives at the RCC of the region where it is currently located. RTC servers serve all control points in the region. The size of the region is determined by the ability to conduct without delay the authentication procedure of any vehicle located in the zone of responsibility of the RCC.

To ensure the continuity of service of vehicles when they move from one region to another, information about the vehicle is copied simultaneously to all RTCs adjacent to the current one. As a vehicle moves from region to region there is a process of copying or, on the contrary, the destruction of information in the corresponding RCO. This process is managed by a central database.

The main condition for the viability of any information system is its reliability in terms of hacking and the reliability of the information received. In the proposed system, this is achieved by several levels of protection, not only by using strong cryptographic algorithms, but also by logical analysis of the information received. This provides protection against unauthorized access and attempts to scan the transmitted information in order to violate the principle of unique identification of the vehicle in the system (creating a clone).

Simplified information exchange between the "respondent" (vehicle device - TCB) and the "interrogator" of the control point (CPC) can be represented as follows:

Let the TCB during the initial registration procedure be assigned an ID identifier and a certain passphrase K. In the random access memory (RAM) of the TCB, the value X (K, SL1) was written, where X is the hash function (as one of the options is GOST R 34.11- 94), and SL1 is a pseudo-random number. The time value of the initial registration procedure (T) and the coordinates of the control point (M) were encrypted and recorded in the UTS RAM in the form of the value Ш (Т, М), where Ш is the cryptographic algorithm (for example, GOST 28147-89), the codes of which are written to the TCB RAM along with the hash function codes X.

At the same time, the value X (K, SL2) was entered in the central database (CBD), where X is the hash function already mentioned, and SL2 is a pseudo-random number preselected. In addition, the value of Ш (Т, М) is recorded in the CBD. When the vehicle passes through the next control point, the TCB sends its ID identifier, a pseudo-random, each time new, number СЛ1 and value Ш (Т, М).

In response, the CBD sends an information packet containing SL2, the calculated value of X (SL2, X (K, SL1)) and the value of W (T + 1, M + 1), where T + 1 and M + 1 are, respectively, the value of the transit time current post and its location code ..

The TCB calculates the value of the hash function X (SL1, X (K, SL2)) and sends it to the receiving device of the control point.

The CBD also calculates the value of X (SL1, X (K, SL2)) and compares it with that received from the TCB. If the values match, the authentication procedure for the vehicle was successful.

At the same time, the TCB calculates the value of X (SL2, X (K, SL1)) and compares it with the received from the PC. If the PC matches, it is recognized as legitimate and the values T + 1 and M + 1 update the RAM stack of the TCB.

Thus, the passphrase K is nowhere transmitted over the air in open form and is not stored openly in the CBD, and the transmitted hash values are different each time.

Although hacking X and W is a computationally difficult task, another level of protection has been introduced into the system. For its implementation, the value of Ш (Т, М) received from the TCB is decrypted and the obtained values of the time point for passing the control point (T) and its location code (M) are compared with those in the CBD. In case of a hypothetical hacking of the TCB, its stack will be updated with new values of VT and MN, which do not coincide with the values of T and M stored in the CDB. From this fact, it is concluded that the system was hacked and this TS is put under control.

In addition, the obtained values of T and M can be used in the CBD to implement more in-depth algorithms for analyzing the motion of the vehicle. This circumstance is due to the space-time property. determinism of vehicle movement. Namely: it cannot appear at a certain point of control without being marked in neighboring ones along the way. If this does not happen, then a conclusion is drawn about a deliberate interference with the functioning of the system and an appropriate signal is issued to regulatory authorities.

In addition, the system provides for a periodic change of the X and W algorithms, as well as the K code, i.e., in the general case, the formulas above should indicate X (t), W (t) and K (t) instead of X, W and K, respectively where t is time.

The essential features of the implementation of the electronic state registration plate are:

unlike patent 2522418 (highly reliable protected vehicle control system with the ability to provide feedback to the driver at the control point), the TCB and the CPC are capable of receiving signals of at least one type of satellite navigation system. The received signal synchronizes the frequencies of the transceivers UTS and UPC. This circumstance significantly reduces the time of the mutual authentication procedure, practically reducing to zero the probability of disruption of this process at high speeds of vehicles or at a high traffic density. This increases the reliability of the system and removes possible limitations. In addition, the received signal serves to obtain the exact time value, which is used as an argument in authentication processes and in some cryptographic algorithms. In special cases, the CPC may not have a separate module for receiving satellite navigation signals, but rather receive this signal centrally from the RTC via communication channels;

unlike patent 2522418 (highly reliable protected vehicle control system with the ability to provide feedback to the driver at the control point), involving color an indication of the state of the vehicle in the visible wavelength range, the TCBs are additionally equipped with an electronic indication module of at least one design. In addition, it is envisaged to equip the personnel of regulatory bodies with means for reading electronic indications of at least one design, the result of which is their prompt informing of the state of the vehicle;

unlike patent 2185663 (electronic vehicle identification system), where extensive information about the vehicle, owner, cargo, etc., is each written in its own label, the proposed TCB system contains only the information necessary and sufficient for the mutual authentication procedure. To analyze information about the vehicle, the fact is used that this information is already present in the databases of various enterprises and organizations of the motor transport industry and access to it can be carried out by a unique vehicle identification number. Therefore, there is no need to establish special feedback with the vehicle and the time required to change the information in the tags. Information is changed in a centralized distributed database (s) as necessary and becomes available by a unique identification number;

the infrastructure for the implementation of a vehicle control system with the most reliable vehicle identification can be called organized based on a network-centric principle with a sufficient degree of approximation, since all control points and vehicles form a single information network;

When passing the control point, each time there is a process of mutual authentication of the CPC and the device of the vehicle. If the result of this process is positive, the exchange information between the TCB and the CPC occurs through a secure communication channel;

to ensure the continuity of servicing vehicles when they move from one region to another, information about the vehicle is copied simultaneously to all RTCs adjacent to the current one. As the vehicle moves from region to region, the process of copying or, on the contrary, the destruction of information in the corresponding RCO takes place. This process is managed by a central database;

The main condition for the viability of any information system is its reliability in terms of hacking and the reliability of the information received. In our case, this is achieved by several levels of protection, not only by using strong cryptographic algorithms, but also by logical analysis of the information received. This provides protection against unauthorized access and attempts to scan the transmitted information in order to violate the principle of unique identification of the vehicle in the system (creating a clone);

the system provides for real-time feedback from the vehicle driver when passing the control point in the form of received audio and / or video messages about all comments that have arisen regarding the operation of the vehicle as a participant in road traffic. For this, as one of the options, the TCB is equipped with a display and / or audio speakers. In addition, as one of the options, it is possible to pair with an immobilizer, which can have a different design (affect the ignition system, fuel injection system, power supply system, etc.). If necessary, the signal can be duplicated by sending an SMS message to the subscriber's telephone number of the driver; the digital nature of the information circulating in the system allows it to be paired with special additional sensors that affect traffic safety. As one of the options, you can specify the seat belt sensors, the sensors for the number of passengers, sensors that signal the driver’s health (as an option, transmitting the results of breath tests), sensors of the driver’s personal cards and / or driver’s license, etc.

the digital nature of the information circulating in the system allows it to be interfaced with billing, payment and other systems, which will automate the collection of tolls for toll roads, parking, levying fines, payment of mandatory payments (transport tax, mandatory car insurance);

the TCB is equipped with light indicators, the signal of which can be observed outside the vehicle and which, as one of the options, can be green in the absence of comments on the vehicle, yellow - for non-critical remarks about which the driver is informed, red - about the need to stop immediately vehicle at a stationary control point by the traffic police.

The invention is illustrated graphically.

Figure 1 shows the spatial arrangement of the elements of the control point.

Figure 2 shows the process of copy-destruction of information about the vehicle as it moves from the zone of responsibility of one RCO to the zone of responsibility of another.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows the general functional diagram of information processing in the infrastructure of the vehicle control system with the most reliable identification of the vehicle at the control point. The control point for the movement of vehicles includes (figure 1): a bracket with a transceiver CPC 1, located in such a way as to ensure the implementation of the procedure for mutual authentication of the CPC and devices of vehicles 4 located in traffic lanes 2 in the control zone 3.

The information received by the receiver of the Code of Criminal Procedure 1 (Fig. 1) via communication channels 5 enters the database of the regional service center (RSC). In addition to the function of information processing efficiency, the RCC database additionally performs the function of distributing information load to avoid overloading the central database servers with a large flow of information. It also seems appropriate to separate the central and operational databases for backup purposes (at least at this stage in the development of computer technology).

The vehicle is monitored by the server of the current RTC, transmitting information about the vehicle as it moves along the chain to the server of the next RTC. Information is updated in the central database as the need arises from the databases of organizations and enterprises of the automotive industry through gateways that perform the functions of converting data formats.

The foregoing is illustrated in the general information processing flowchart of FIG. 3.

Claims

The claims The vehicle control system with the most reliable vehicle identification at the control point

1. The vehicle control system with the most reliable vehicle identification at the control point, which is a system in which each control point performs the procedure of mutual authentication of a transceiver installed on a vehicle, made functionally inseparable from it and containing a microprocessor and random access memory to carry out the calculations necessary for the implementation of this procedure, and, on the other hand, transceiver the construction of the control point established in the areas of movement and / or parking of vehicles, made with the ability to conduct a communication session between these devices at any point in the control zone, and the requesting devices of control points are connected by a single telecommunication network to the data center, for which they create a single distributed base data, consisting of a central database connected through gateways with databases of enterprises and organizations of the automotive industry, and databases of regional centers service centers, to which all control points of the region are closed, in order to carry out at any point mutual authentication procedures for the control point device and vehicle device using at least one cryptographic algorithm with fixation in the vehicle device memory and in the database of the regional service center geographical coordinates and / or conditional coordinates of the item and the exact time it took the vehicle to do so, for which the device of the vehicle and the three control points are capable of receiving signals from at least one type of satellite navigation system, and transmit information to the driver in real time regarding comments on the operation of the vehicle means as a participant in traffic, for which the vehicle device is equipped with an audio or video device, or both, are coupled with at least one sensor reflecting the condition of the car or driver and, if necessary, coupled with an immobilizer of at least one design, and the devices of the control point carry out with the ability to record the fact of crossing the conditionally control lines of the road marking by a vehicle, and in order to quickly display the results of the passage waiting for the procedure of mutual authentication of the vehicle’s devices and the control point and the results of the verification of the vehicle as a road user, its device, if necessary, is equipped with light indicators that can have a different color or shape or their combination, the signal of which can be observed by the controlling authorities outside the vehicle and / or equipped with electronic indicators of at least one design, the result of which is an opera vnoe informing the supervisory bodies of the state of the vehicle.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to enhance protection against unauthorized access, the control center additionally checks whether the values obtained from the vehicle correspond to the time of passing the previous post and its coordinates to the values of these values stored in the system database.

3. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that in order to enhance protection against unauthorized access, the values of the time of passage of the post and its coordinates are stored in encrypted form using at least one type of cryptographic algorithm.

4. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that in order to enhance protection against unauthorized access, the control point additionally performs a logical check of compliance with the principle of spatio-temporal determinism of vehicle traffic.

5. The system according to paragraph 1, characterized in that in order to enhance protection against unauthorized access, the system provides for a periodic change of code words, as well as encryption algorithms and hash functions.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to maintain continuity in tracking the position of the vehicle, information on it is copied at the same time as it changes to regional centers adjacent to the current, with its subsequent destruction as it moves.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the vehicle device is configured in such a way that it maintains its operability when the on-board power is turned off for a period of time sufficient to eliminate the on-board network malfunction or take other actions that exclude the operation of the vehicle without electronic state registration mark.