WO2016031653A1 - Method for injecting pulverized coal into oxygen blast furnace - Google Patents
Method for injecting pulverized coal into oxygen blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016031653A1 WO2016031653A1 PCT/JP2015/073291 JP2015073291W WO2016031653A1 WO 2016031653 A1 WO2016031653 A1 WO 2016031653A1 JP 2015073291 W JP2015073291 W JP 2015073291W WO 2016031653 A1 WO2016031653 A1 WO 2016031653A1
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- pulverized coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
- C21B5/003—Injection of pulverulent coal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for injecting pulverized coal into an oxygen blast furnace in which pure oxygen and pulverized coal are injected from a tuyere to generate blast furnace gas containing no nitrogen from the top of the furnace.
- An oxygen blast furnace generally generates and recovers blast furnace gas containing no nitrogen (hereinafter also simply referred to as “nitrogen-less blast furnace gas”) from the top of the furnace by blowing pure oxygen and pulverized coal as a reducing material from the tuyere.
- nitrogen-less blast furnace gas can be used as a raw material for the synthetic chemical industry.
- it is necessary to operate the temperature in the combustion region of the tuyere (feather tip temperature) at a high temperature of 2000 ° C. to 2600 ° C.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a method of controlling the temperature of the tuyere tip within a predetermined temperature range by blowing high-temperature furnace top gas containing CO 2 from the tuyere.
- Patent Document 2 proposes an operation method in which pure oxygen is preheated to increase the amount of pulverized coal blown (see Patent Document 4).
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 listed above blown pure oxygen and pulverized coal are used at room temperature.
- the igniting of the pulverized coal to be injected is accelerated to improve the combustibility.
- Patent Document 4 proposes a method of preheating with pure oxygen.
- An object of the present invention is to propose an effective method for efficiently generating nitrogen-less blast furnace gas useful as a synthetic chemical industry gas by using a pulverized coal that is preferable as pulverized coal to be blown into an oxygen blast furnace.
- the present invention generates a blast furnace gas that does not contain nitrogen by blowing pulverized coal together with pure oxygen from the tuyere and performs the pulverized coal blowing operation on the oxygen blast furnace that is recovered from the top of the furnace.
- This is a method for injecting pulverized coal into an oxygen blast furnace with a fraction of 25 mass% or more.
- the present invention further includes (1) Use pure oxygen and pulverized coal blown from the tuyere at room temperature; (2) The volatile content of the pulverized coal is 30 mass% or less, (3) The amount of pulverized coal blown in (PCR) is 200 kg or more per 1 ton of hot metal, It can be considered that a more preferable solution can be provided.
- the amount of pulverized coal injected can be reduced without a preheating device or its heat source. You can increase it.
- the temperature in the combustion area before the tuyere of the oxygen blast furnace can be easily and quickly increased.
- nitrogen-free blast furnace gas can be efficiently generated and recovered, which leads to stable supply of synthetic chemical industry gas.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an oxygen blast furnace and its peripheral equipment used in the pulverized coal blowing method according to the present invention.
- 1 is an oxygen blast furnace
- 2 is a mixer for mixing coke oven gas (C gas) and blast furnace gas (B gas) to obtain a mixed gas (M gas)
- 3 is the above M Burner for preheating gas and blowing it into the furnace
- 4 is a generator for generating electricity using blast furnace top exhaust gas
- 5 is an oxygen plant for producing pure oxygen
- 6 is for blowing oxygen or the like into the oxygen blast furnace 1 The tuyere to use.
- One of the features of the pulverized coal blowing method into the oxygen blast furnace according to the present invention is that the volatile content of the pulverized coal blown together with pure oxygen from the tuyere is 25 mass% or more. The reason is as follows.
- oxygen blast furnaces generally have no equipment or heat source for preheating oxygen. Therefore, normal oxygen and pulverized coal are used. Therefore, in the case of this furnace, pulverized coal passing through the raceway (the tuyere tip combustion zone, the temperature is maintained at a high temperature of 2000 ° C. or higher and the diameter is about 1 m) in which the coke is swirling. If the air is blown at a speed of 200 m / s, the time required to pass this raceway is several milliseconds. Therefore, it is preferable that the pulverized coal is ignited as early as possible before entering the raceway.
- the reason why the volatile content is limited to 25 mass% or more is that, as can be seen from the examples described later, early ignition-combustion of pulverized coal can be achieved and a high replacement rate can be obtained.
- the reason why it is preferable to set the volatile content to 30 mass% or less is that the substitution rate is still higher than that of the conventional blast furnace as shown in the examples to be described later. It is for showing.
- the high volatile matter pulverized coal is, for example, mixed with a predetermined amount of a relatively low volatile matter pulverized coal from North America and a relatively high volatile matter pulverized coal such as from Australia or the United States.
- a component prepared at a fraction of 25 mass% or more, preferably about 30 mass% or less is used.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a pulverized coal combustion test furnace for measuring the combustion rate of pulverized coal under conditions of injecting pure oxygen and pulverized coal into an oxygen blast furnace.
- This pulverized coal combustion test furnace 11 is 1400 mm high ⁇ 1000 mm long ⁇ 400 mm wide.
- a cyclone 13 is provided on the upper part of the pulverized coal combustion test furnace 11 via a pipe 12, and combustion gas generated in the furnace is separated into exhaust gas and dust by the cyclone 13.
- An upper part of the test furnace 11 has a pipe line 14 connected to the coke storage tank 15 so that the coke 16 stored in the coke storage tank 15 can be loaded into the test furnace 11. It has become.
- test furnace 11 is provided with a measurement probe 17 for measuring temperature, pressure, gas composition, and the like on the side surface thereof, and a tuyere 18 is provided on the side of the furnace substantially opposite to the measurement probe 17. Further, the tuyere 18 is provided with a blow pipe 19.
- the blow pipe 19 is provided with a pure oxygen blowing lance 20 for blowing pure oxygen, a pulverized coal blowing lance 21 for blowing pulverized coal, an observation hole 22 and the like.
- Reference numeral 23 denotes a raceway which is a combustion zone in front of the tuyere 18.
- the pulverized coal combustion test furnace 11 was used to measure the combustion rate of pulverized coal simulating the blowing conditions of an oxygen blast furnace.
- this combustion test equipment that reproduces an oxygen blast furnace, it is difficult to measure the combustion rate by direct sampling of pulverized coal because of the high temperature, so (coke consumption / pulverized coal injection amount) is defined as the substitution rate, and pulverized coal
- the burning rate of was measured indirectly.
- the pulverized coal combustion rate decreases, the residual oxygen increases and the coke consumption increases, so the replacement rate decreases.
- the temperature of the blown gas is 1000 ° C., which is the same as that in the conventional blast furnace, and the room temperature in the oxygen blast furnace according to the present invention.
- the amount of pulverized coal (PCR) is the same as that in the conventional blast furnace.
- the oxygen blast furnace condition according to the invention was set to an amount corresponding to 150 kg per 1 ton of hot metal. In the conventional blast furnace conditions, the oxygen concentration in the pulverized coal blowing gas was 25%, and in the oxygen blast furnace conditions according to the present invention, the pulverized coal blowing gas was 100% oxygen gas.
- FIG. 3 shows the experimental results. From the result shown in this figure, in the example of the conventional normal blast furnace, the substitution rate decreases as the volatile content increases at a volatile content of 15 mass% or more. This is because the amount of carbon in the pulverized coal is relatively reduced by the increase in the volatile content. Although pulverized coal is less expensive than equal-weight coke, the low substitution rate has low cost merit, and the reducing material ratio, which is the sum of the coke ratio and pulverized coal ratio, is increased. In particular, it is not preferred because it increases CO 2 emissions.
- the substitution rate gradually increases when the volatile content is 15 mass% or more, and exceeds the substitution rate of the conventional blast furnace operation example at 25 mass% or more.
- the volatile content is 25 to 30 mass%, an almost constant good substitution rate is shown, but when it exceeds 30 mass%, it is better than the substitution rate of the conventional example, but the substitution rate is slightly lowered.
- the reason for this is thought to be that in blast furnaces, pulverized coal should naturally burn easily in pure oxygen, but low volatile pulverized coal is ignited late at room temperature, resulting in a lower substitution rate.
- the high volatile matter as in the present invention even if it is used at room temperature, the volatile matter becomes an ignition source, so that the substitution rate is increased because it is ignited early.
- FIG. 4 shows the experimental results when both the conventional blast furnace conditions and the oxygen blast furnace conditions according to the present invention have an amount of pulverized coal injection (PCR) equivalent to 200 kg per 1 ton of hot metal.
- PCR pulverized coal injection
- pulverized coal having a higher volatile content particularly pulverized coal having a volatile content of 25 mass% or more as the blown pulverized coal. I was able to confirm.
- the pulverized coal blowing method according to the present invention described above is not only an oxygen blast furnace using high volatile pulverized coal having a volatile content of 25 mass% or more as pulverized coal, but also a nitrogen-less blast furnace gas useful as a synthetic chemical industry gas.
- the present invention can be applied to various uses that require technology for promoting the occurrence.
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Abstract
[Problem] To provide an effective method, said method comprising injecting a pulverized coal having preferred properties into an oxygen blast furnace and thus efficiently generating a nitrogen-free blast furnace gas that is useful as a gas for synthetic chemical industry.
[Solution] In performing an operation of the injection of a pulverized coal into an oxygen blast furnace, said operation comprising injecting the pulverized coal into a tuyere together with pure oxygen and then collecting a nitrogen-free blast furnace gas thus generated from a furnace top, the volatile matter content of the pulverized coal is adjusted to 25 mass% or greater.
Description
本発明は、羽口から純酸素および微粉炭を吹き込むことにより、炉頂から窒素を含まない高炉ガスを発生させる酸素高炉への微粉炭吹き込み方法に関する。
The present invention relates to a method for injecting pulverized coal into an oxygen blast furnace in which pure oxygen and pulverized coal are injected from a tuyere to generate blast furnace gas containing no nitrogen from the top of the furnace.
酸素高炉は、一般に、羽口から純酸素および還元材である微粉炭を吹き込むことにより、炉頂から窒素を含まない高炉ガス（以下単に「窒素レス高炉ガス」ともいう）を発生させて回収する高炉として知られている。その窒素レス高炉ガスは、合成化学工業用の原料として利用することができる。この酸素高炉操業は、羽口先の燃焼領域の温度（羽口先温度）を２０００℃～２６００℃という高温で操業する必要がある。そのための従来技術として、例えば、特許文献１では、羽口からＣＯ２を含む高温の炉頂ガスを吹き込むことにより、羽口先の温度を所定の温度範囲に制御する方法を提案している。
An oxygen blast furnace generally generates and recovers blast furnace gas containing no nitrogen (hereinafter also simply referred to as “nitrogen-less blast furnace gas”) from the top of the furnace by blowing pure oxygen and pulverized coal as a reducing material from the tuyere. Known as a blast furnace. The nitrogen-less blast furnace gas can be used as a raw material for the synthetic chemical industry. In this oxygen blast furnace operation, it is necessary to operate the temperature in the combustion region of the tuyere (feather tip temperature) at a high temperature of 2000 ° C. to 2600 ° C. As a prior art for that purpose, for example, Patent Document 1 proposes a method of controlling the temperature of the tuyere tip within a predetermined temperature range by blowing high-temperature furnace top gas containing CO 2 from the tuyere.
また、酸素高炉の従来操業例としては、羽口から純酸素、微粉炭および重質油を吹き込む方法もある（特許文献２参照）。さらに、酸素高炉の他の従来操業例としては、羽口から純酸素および微粉炭を吹き込む際に、微粉炭の燃焼性を改善したものを用いる提案がある（特許文献３参照）。さらに、特許文献４では、純酸素を予熱しておくことにより、該微粉炭の吹き込み量を増やす操業方法を提案している（特許文献４参照）。
Also, as a conventional operation example of an oxygen blast furnace, there is a method of blowing pure oxygen, pulverized coal and heavy oil from a tuyere (see Patent Document 2). Furthermore, as another conventional operation example of the oxygen blast furnace, there is a proposal to use a pulverized coal whose combustibility is improved when pure oxygen and pulverized coal are blown from a tuyere (see Patent Document 3). Furthermore, Patent Document 4 proposes an operation method in which pure oxygen is preheated to increase the amount of pulverized coal blown (see Patent Document 4).
上掲の特許文献１～３に記載の従来技術においては、吹き込み純酸素および微粉炭はそれぞれ常温のものが使用されている。しかし、これらの従来技術では、羽口先燃焼領域の温度（羽口先温度）を２０００℃～２６００℃の高温にするために、吹き込む微粉炭の着火を速くすることで燃焼性を向上させることとしている。ただし、微粉炭の早期着火を実現するためには、該微粉炭を一定以上の温度に昇温する必要がある。これに対し、その要求を満たす方法として、例えば特許文献４においては、純酸素で予熱する方法を提案している。
In the prior art described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 listed above, blown pure oxygen and pulverized coal are used at room temperature. However, in these prior arts, in order to increase the temperature in the tuyere tip combustion region (tuyere tip temperature) to a high temperature of 2000 ° C. to 2600 ° C., the igniting of the pulverized coal to be injected is accelerated to improve the combustibility. . However, in order to realize early ignition of pulverized coal, it is necessary to raise the temperature of the pulverized coal to a certain temperature or higher. On the other hand, as a method for satisfying the requirement, for example, Patent Document 4 proposes a method of preheating with pure oxygen.
しかしながら、純酸素にて予熱するためには、純酸素の予熱設備が別途必要である。また、特許文献４に開示の技術について、予熱設備の熱源として排熱を利用することとしているが、実際の高炉ではそうした吹き込み設備付近でそのような排熱を調達することは困難がある。
However, in order to preheat with pure oxygen, a separate preheat facility for pure oxygen is required. In addition, regarding the technique disclosed in Patent Document 4, exhaust heat is used as a heat source for the preheating facility. However, in an actual blast furnace, it is difficult to procure such exhaust heat in the vicinity of the blowing facility.
本発明の目的は、酸素高炉へ吹き込む微粉炭として好ましい性状のものを用いることで、合成化学工業用ガスとして有用な窒素レス高炉ガスを効率よく発生させる有効な方法を提案することにある。
An object of the present invention is to propose an effective method for efficiently generating nitrogen-less blast furnace gas useful as a synthetic chemical industry gas by using a pulverized coal that is preferable as pulverized coal to be blown into an oxygen blast furnace.
発明者らは、従来技術の抱えている前述の課題を克服でき、かつ前記目的を実現すべく鋭意検討した。この結果、発明者らは、下記の要旨構成に係る本発明を開発するに到った。即ち、本発明は、羽口から純酸素とともに微粉炭を吹き込むことで窒素を含まない高炉ガスを発生させて炉頂から回収する酸素高炉上の微粉炭吹き込み操業を行うに当たり、前記微粉炭の揮発分を２５ｍａｓｓ％以上とする酸素高炉への微粉炭吹き込み方法である。
The inventors have made extensive studies to overcome the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and to realize the object. As a result, the inventors have developed the present invention according to the following summary configuration. That is, the present invention generates a blast furnace gas that does not contain nitrogen by blowing pulverized coal together with pure oxygen from the tuyere and performs the pulverized coal blowing operation on the oxygen blast furnace that is recovered from the top of the furnace. This is a method for injecting pulverized coal into an oxygen blast furnace with a fraction of 25 mass% or more.
また、上記の構成に係る本発明は、さらに、
（１）羽口から吹き込む前記純酸素および前記微粉炭は常温のものを用いること、
（２）前記微粉炭の揮発分が３０ｍａｓｓ％以下であること、
（３）前記微粉炭の吹き込み量（ＰＣＲ）が溶銑１ｔ当たりで２００ｋｇ以上であること、
を採用することが、より好ましい解決手段を提供できるものと考えられる。 Further, the present invention according to the above configuration further includes
(1) Use pure oxygen and pulverized coal blown from the tuyere at room temperature;
(2) The volatile content of the pulverized coal is 30 mass% or less,
(3) The amount of pulverized coal blown in (PCR) is 200 kg or more per 1 ton of hot metal,
It can be considered that a more preferable solution can be provided.
（１）羽口から吹き込む前記純酸素および前記微粉炭は常温のものを用いること、
（２）前記微粉炭の揮発分が３０ｍａｓｓ％以下であること、
（３）前記微粉炭の吹き込み量（ＰＣＲ）が溶銑１ｔ当たりで２００ｋｇ以上であること、
を採用することが、より好ましい解決手段を提供できるものと考えられる。 Further, the present invention according to the above configuration further includes
(1) Use pure oxygen and pulverized coal blown from the tuyere at room temperature;
(2) The volatile content of the pulverized coal is 30 mass% or less,
(3) The amount of pulverized coal blown in (PCR) is 200 kg or more per 1 ton of hot metal,
It can be considered that a more preferable solution can be provided.
本発明に係る酸素高炉への微粉炭吹き込み方法によれば、微粉炭として、揮発分が２５ｍａｓｓ％以上である高揮発分微粉炭を用いることで、予熱装置やその熱源無しに微粉炭吹き込み量を増やすことができるようになる。しかも、本発明によれば、羽口から吹き込む微粉炭として好ましい性状のものを用いることで、酸素高炉の羽口前燃焼域の温度を容易にかつ速やかに高温にすることができるから、炉頂から窒素レス高炉ガスを効率よく発生させて回収することができるようになり、ひいては合成化学工業用ガスを安定供給することにつながる。
According to the method of injecting pulverized coal into the oxygen blast furnace according to the present invention, by using high volatile content pulverized coal having a volatile content of 25 mass% or more as pulverized coal, the amount of pulverized coal injected can be reduced without a preheating device or its heat source. You can increase it. In addition, according to the present invention, by using a pulverized coal that is preferable as pulverized coal blown from the tuyere, the temperature in the combustion area before the tuyere of the oxygen blast furnace can be easily and quickly increased. Thus, nitrogen-free blast furnace gas can be efficiently generated and recovered, which leads to stable supply of synthetic chemical industry gas.
図１は、本発明に係る微粉炭吹き込み方法に用いられる酸素高炉およびその周辺設備の一例を示す図である。この図に示す構成において、１は酸素高炉、２はコークス炉ガス（Ｃガス）と高炉ガス（Ｂガス）とを混合して混合ガス（Ｍガス）を得るための混合器、３は上記Ｍガスを予熱して炉内に吹き込むためのバーナー、４は高炉炉頂排ガスを用いて発電する発電機、５は純酸素を製造する酸素プラント、６は酸素高炉１内に酸素などを吹き込むために使用する羽口である。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an oxygen blast furnace and its peripheral equipment used in the pulverized coal blowing method according to the present invention. In the configuration shown in this figure, 1 is an oxygen blast furnace, 2 is a mixer for mixing coke oven gas (C gas) and blast furnace gas (B gas) to obtain a mixed gas (M gas), and 3 is the above M Burner for preheating gas and blowing it into the furnace, 4 is a generator for generating electricity using blast furnace top exhaust gas, 5 is an oxygen plant for producing pure oxygen, and 6 is for blowing oxygen or the like into the oxygen blast furnace 1 The tuyere to use.
図１に示す構成においては、従来高炉と同じように、酸素高炉１では炉頂部から焼結鉱やコークスが投入される。また、下部の羽口６からは炉内へ常温の純酸素が吹き込まれる。純酸素は酸素プラント５にて深冷分離等の分離技術を用いて空気から製造されるが、その際に電力を消費する。そこで、ＣＯを多く含んだ燃焼ガスであるＣガス、Ｂガス、あるいはこれらを混合したＭガスを用いて発電機４で発電し、その電力で純酸素を製造する方法を用いる。また、高炉下部の羽口６からは、純酸素とともに、微粉炭や天然ガス、コークス炉ガスなどの羽口吹き込みガスも吹き込まれる。
In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, as in the conventional blast furnace, in the oxygen blast furnace 1, sintered ore and coke are introduced from the top of the furnace. Also, room temperature pure oxygen is blown into the furnace from the lower tuyere 6. Pure oxygen is produced from air in the oxygen plant 5 using a separation technique such as cryogenic separation, and consumes electric power at that time. Therefore, a method is used in which power is generated by the generator 4 using C gas, B gas, which is a combustion gas containing a large amount of CO, or M gas obtained by mixing these gases, and pure oxygen is produced using the generated power. In addition, from the tuyere 6 at the bottom of the blast furnace, tuyere blowing gas such as pulverized coal, natural gas, and coke oven gas is blown together with pure oxygen.
本発明に係る酸素高炉への微粉炭吹き込み方法の特徴の一つは、羽口から純酸素とともに吹き込む微粉炭の揮発分を２５ｍａｓｓ％以上とすることにある。その理由は以下の通りである。
One of the features of the pulverized coal blowing method into the oxygen blast furnace according to the present invention is that the volatile content of the pulverized coal blown together with pure oxygen from the tuyere is 25 mass% or more. The reason is as follows.
従来型高炉の場合、吹き込み還元材として微粉炭が用いられているが、その揮発分は、約２０ｍａｓｓ％程度のものである。このレベルの揮発分というのは、いわゆる低揮発分炭に分類される（例えば、特開２００３－２８６５１１号公報参照）。さて、このような低揮発分の微粉炭では重量の多くを石炭が占めるため、同じ吹き込み量でも２５ｍａｓｓ％以上の高揮発分炭よりも多くのコークスを削減することができると考えられている。
In the case of a conventional blast furnace, pulverized coal is used as the blowing reducing material, but the volatile content is about 20 mass%. This level of volatile matter is classified as so-called low volatile coal (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-286511). Now, in such a low volatile matter pulverized coal, since coal occupies most of weight, it is thought that more coke can be reduced than the highly volatile coal of 25 mass% or more with the same blowing amount.
ところで、酸素高炉は一般に、酸素を予熱する設備や熱源がないのが普通である。そのため、吹き込み酸素と微粉炭は常温のものが用いられる。従って、この炉の場合、コークスが旋回しながら燃焼しているレースウェイ（羽口先燃焼帯のこと、温度は２０００℃以上の高温に維持され、その直径は１ｍ程度である）を通過する微粉炭は、２００ｍ／ｓの速度で吹き込まれるとすると、このレースウェイを通過する時間は数ミリ秒となる。従って吹き込み微粉炭は、レースウェイに突入する前のできるだけ早い時期に着火させておくことが好ましい。
By the way, oxygen blast furnaces generally have no equipment or heat source for preheating oxygen. Therefore, normal oxygen and pulverized coal are used. Therefore, in the case of this furnace, pulverized coal passing through the raceway (the tuyere tip combustion zone, the temperature is maintained at a high temperature of 2000 ° C. or higher and the diameter is about 1 m) in which the coke is swirling. If the air is blown at a speed of 200 m / s, the time required to pass this raceway is several milliseconds. Therefore, it is preferable that the pulverized coal is ignited as early as possible before entering the raceway.
この点、従来の酸素高炉の場合、低揮発分の微粉炭を吹き込んでいるため、微粉炭が前記レースウェイに到達するまでには十分に昇温されない。そのため、早期の着火と燃焼を導くには、どうしても特許文献４に記載されているような酸素の予熱装置が必要である。一方、本発明のように、揮発分の多い高揮発分の微粉炭を吹き込むと、低揮発分の微粉炭に比べて格段に着火しやすくなる。特に、吹き込み酸素の予熱は行わない本発明の如き酸素高炉では、高揮発分微粉炭、即ち揮発分が２５ｍａｓｓ％以上の微粉炭を吹き込むことが望まれる。その揮発分の上限は特に限定しないが、好ましくは３０ｍａｓｓ％程度以下である。
In this regard, in the case of a conventional oxygen blast furnace, since pulverized coal with a low volatile content is blown, the temperature is not sufficiently increased until the pulverized coal reaches the raceway. Therefore, in order to induce early ignition and combustion, an oxygen preheating device as described in Patent Document 4 is inevitably required. On the other hand, when pulverized coal with a high volatile content and a high volatile content is blown in as in the present invention, ignition becomes much easier than with a pulverized coal with a low volatile content. In particular, in an oxygen blast furnace such as the present invention in which pre-heating of blown oxygen is not performed, it is desirable to blow high volatile matter pulverized coal, that is, pulverized coal having a volatile content of 25 mass% or more. The upper limit of the volatile content is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 30 mass% or less.
本発明において、揮発分を２５ｍａｓｓ％以上に限定した理由は、後述する実施例からわかるように、微粉炭の早期の着火－燃焼が達成でき、高い置換率を得ることができるためである。また、揮発分を３０ｍａｓｓ％以下とするのが好ましい理由は、後述する実施例からわかるように、それを超えると置換率が従来型高炉の例に比べるとなお高いレベルにあるが、若干悪化傾向を示すためである。
In the present invention, the reason why the volatile content is limited to 25 mass% or more is that, as can be seen from the examples described later, early ignition-combustion of pulverized coal can be achieved and a high replacement rate can be obtained. The reason why it is preferable to set the volatile content to 30 mass% or less is that the substitution rate is still higher than that of the conventional blast furnace as shown in the examples to be described later. It is for showing.
本発明において、前記高揮発分微粉炭は、例えば、北米産の比較的低揮発分の微粉炭とオーストラリア産やアメリカ産等の比較的高揮発分の微粉炭とを所定量混合して、揮発分が２５ｍａｓｓ％以上、好ましくは３０ｍａｓｓ％以下程度に調製したものを用いる。
In the present invention, the high volatile matter pulverized coal is, for example, mixed with a predetermined amount of a relatively low volatile matter pulverized coal from North America and a relatively high volatile matter pulverized coal such as from Australia or the United States. A component prepared at a fraction of 25 mass% or more, preferably about 30 mass% or less is used.
図２は、酸素高炉への純酸素及び微粉炭吹き込み条件下での、微粉炭の燃焼率を計測する微粉炭燃焼試験炉の一例を示す図である。この微粉炭燃焼試験炉１１は、高さ１４００ｍｍ×長さ１０００ｍｍ×幅４００ｍｍである。また、この微粉炭燃焼試験炉１１の上部には、管路１２を介してサイクロン１３が設けられており、炉内で発生した燃焼ガスをサイクロン１３にて排ガスとダストとに分別する。この試験炉１１の上部には、管路１４を有し、この管路１４にはコークス貯留槽１５と接続されており、コークス貯留槽１５に貯留したコークス１６を試験炉１１内に装填できるようになっている。また、試験炉１１は、その側面に、温度、圧力、ガス組成等を測定するための測定プローブ１７が挿入可能に設けられ、この測定プローブ１７とほぼ対向する炉側部には羽口１８が設けられ、さらに、羽口１８にはブローパイプ１９が設けられている。このブローパイプ１９には、純酸素を吹き込む純酸素吹き込みランス２０および微粉炭を吹き込む微粉炭吹き込みランス２１、観察孔２２などが設けられている。なお、２３は羽口１８の前方の燃焼帯であるレースウェイを示している。
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a pulverized coal combustion test furnace for measuring the combustion rate of pulverized coal under conditions of injecting pure oxygen and pulverized coal into an oxygen blast furnace. This pulverized coal combustion test furnace 11 is 1400 mm high × 1000 mm long × 400 mm wide. In addition, a cyclone 13 is provided on the upper part of the pulverized coal combustion test furnace 11 via a pipe 12, and combustion gas generated in the furnace is separated into exhaust gas and dust by the cyclone 13. An upper part of the test furnace 11 has a pipe line 14 connected to the coke storage tank 15 so that the coke 16 stored in the coke storage tank 15 can be loaded into the test furnace 11. It has become. Further, the test furnace 11 is provided with a measurement probe 17 for measuring temperature, pressure, gas composition, and the like on the side surface thereof, and a tuyere 18 is provided on the side of the furnace substantially opposite to the measurement probe 17. Further, the tuyere 18 is provided with a blow pipe 19. The blow pipe 19 is provided with a pure oxygen blowing lance 20 for blowing pure oxygen, a pulverized coal blowing lance 21 for blowing pulverized coal, an observation hole 22 and the like. Reference numeral 23 denotes a raceway which is a combustion zone in front of the tuyere 18.
前記微粉炭燃焼試験炉１１を用い、酸素高炉の吹き込み条件を模した微粉炭の燃焼率を計測した。酸素高炉を再現したこの燃焼試験装置では、高温のため、微粉炭の直接採取による燃焼率の測定は困難であるため、（コークス消費量／微粉炭吹き込み量）を置換率と定義し、微粉炭の燃焼率を間接的に測定した。微粉炭燃焼率が下がると、残酸素が増えてコークス消費量が増えるため、置換率は低下することとなる。
The pulverized coal combustion test furnace 11 was used to measure the combustion rate of pulverized coal simulating the blowing conditions of an oxygen blast furnace. In this combustion test equipment that reproduces an oxygen blast furnace, it is difficult to measure the combustion rate by direct sampling of pulverized coal because of the high temperature, so (coke consumption / pulverized coal injection amount) is defined as the substitution rate, and pulverized coal The burning rate of was measured indirectly. When the pulverized coal combustion rate decreases, the residual oxygen increases and the coke consumption increases, so the replacement rate decreases.
ここで、吹き込みガスの温度は、従来高炉に係る条件では、従来と同じ１０００℃、本発明に係る酸素高炉条件では常温とし、微粉炭の吹き込み量（ＰＣＲ）は、従来に係る高炉条件および本発明に係る酸素高炉条件とも溶銑１ｔ当たりで１５０ｋｇに相当する量とした。そして、従来例に係る高炉条件では微粉炭吹き込みガス中の酸素濃度を２５％とし、本発明に係る酸素高炉条件では微粉炭吹き込みガスを１００％酸素ガスとした。
Here, the temperature of the blown gas is 1000 ° C., which is the same as that in the conventional blast furnace, and the room temperature in the oxygen blast furnace according to the present invention. The amount of pulverized coal (PCR) is the same as that in the conventional blast furnace. The oxygen blast furnace condition according to the invention was set to an amount corresponding to 150 kg per 1 ton of hot metal. In the conventional blast furnace conditions, the oxygen concentration in the pulverized coal blowing gas was 25%, and in the oxygen blast furnace conditions according to the present invention, the pulverized coal blowing gas was 100% oxygen gas.
図３に実験結果を示す。この図に示す結果から、従来型の通常高炉の例では、揮発分１５ｍａｓｓ％以上では揮発分が増加すればするほど置換率が低下している。これは、揮発分が増加した分、微粉炭中の炭素量が相対的に減少するためである。微粉炭は、等重量のコークスに比べて安価であるが、このように置換率が低いとコスト的なメリットも低い上、コークス比と微粉炭比の合計である還元材比を上昇させ、最終的にはＣＯ２の排出量を増加させるため、あまり好まれない。
FIG. 3 shows the experimental results. From the result shown in this figure, in the example of the conventional normal blast furnace, the substitution rate decreases as the volatile content increases at a volatile content of 15 mass% or more. This is because the amount of carbon in the pulverized coal is relatively reduced by the increase in the volatile content. Although pulverized coal is less expensive than equal-weight coke, the low substitution rate has low cost merit, and the reducing material ratio, which is the sum of the coke ratio and pulverized coal ratio, is increased. In particular, it is not preferred because it increases CO 2 emissions.
一方、本発明に係る酸素高炉条件下では、揮発分が１５ｍａｓｓ％以上で置換率は次第に上昇し、２５ｍａｓｓ％以上で従来型高炉操業例の置換率を上回ることがわかる。また、揮発分が２５～３０ｍａｓｓ％ではほぼ一定の良好な置換率を示すが、３０ｍａｓｓ％を超えると、従来例の置換率よりは良好だが若干置換率が低下することがわかる。その理由は、高炉では、微粉炭は本来、純酸素中では燃焼しやすいはずであるが、低揮発分の微粉炭は常温だと着火が遅れて置換率が低くなったからと考えられる。一方、本発明のように揮発分の高いものでは、たとえ常温でこれを用いても揮発分が着火源となるために、早期に着火するため置換率が上昇したからと考えられる。
On the other hand, under the oxygen blast furnace conditions according to the present invention, it can be seen that the substitution rate gradually increases when the volatile content is 15 mass% or more, and exceeds the substitution rate of the conventional blast furnace operation example at 25 mass% or more. In addition, it can be seen that when the volatile content is 25 to 30 mass%, an almost constant good substitution rate is shown, but when it exceeds 30 mass%, it is better than the substitution rate of the conventional example, but the substitution rate is slightly lowered. The reason for this is thought to be that in blast furnaces, pulverized coal should naturally burn easily in pure oxygen, but low volatile pulverized coal is ignited late at room temperature, resulting in a lower substitution rate. On the other hand, in the case of the high volatile matter as in the present invention, even if it is used at room temperature, the volatile matter becomes an ignition source, so that the substitution rate is increased because it is ignited early.
さらに、従来に係る高炉条件および本発明に係る酸素高炉条件が共に、微粉炭の吹き込み量（ＰＣＲ）が溶銑１ｔ当たりで２００ｋｇに相当する量とした場合の実験結果を図４に示す。図３に示した溶銑１ｔ当たりで１５０ｋｇに相当する実験と比較すると、従来例が５～３％低下するのに対し、本発明では最大でも２％程度の低下にとどまっていることが分かる。これは、従来法では微粉炭の燃焼に必要な酸素量が相対的に低下して着火性が悪くなるのに対し、本発明では着火が揮発分量によって決まるため、置換率の低下が抑制されたと考えられる。
Furthermore, FIG. 4 shows the experimental results when both the conventional blast furnace conditions and the oxygen blast furnace conditions according to the present invention have an amount of pulverized coal injection (PCR) equivalent to 200 kg per 1 ton of hot metal. Compared with the experiment corresponding to 150 kg per 1 ton of hot metal shown in FIG. 3, it can be seen that while the conventional example is reduced by 5 to 3%, in the present invention, the maximum is only about 2%. This is because, in the conventional method, the amount of oxygen necessary for the combustion of pulverized coal is relatively lowered and the ignitability is deteriorated, whereas in the present invention, since the ignition is determined by the amount of volatile matter, the decrease in the substitution rate is suppressed. Conceivable.
このように、発明者らが行った酸素高炉の試験炉を用いた実験では、吹き込み微粉炭としては、より揮発分の高い微粉炭、特に揮発分が２５ｍａｓｓ％以上の微粉炭を用いることが好ましいことが確認できた。
Thus, in the experiment using the oxygen blast furnace test furnace conducted by the inventors, it is preferable to use pulverized coal having a higher volatile content, particularly pulverized coal having a volatile content of 25 mass% or more as the blown pulverized coal. I was able to confirm.
以上説明した本発明に従う微粉炭吹き込み方法は、微粉炭として、揮発分が２５ｍａｓｓ％以上である高揮発分微粉炭を用いる酸素高炉だけでなく、合成化学工業用ガスとして有用な窒素レス高炉ガスの発生を促す技術が必要な種々の用途にも応用することが可能である。
The pulverized coal blowing method according to the present invention described above is not only an oxygen blast furnace using high volatile pulverized coal having a volatile content of 25 mass% or more as pulverized coal, but also a nitrogen-less blast furnace gas useful as a synthetic chemical industry gas. The present invention can be applied to various uses that require technology for promoting the occurrence.
１ 酸素高炉
２ 混合器
３ バーナー
４ 発電機
５ 酸素プラント
６ 羽口
１１ 微粉炭燃焼試験炉
１２、１４ 管路
１３ サイクロン
１５ コークス貯留槽
１６ コークス
１７ 測定プローブ
１８ 羽口
１９ ブローパイプ
２０ 純酸素吹き込みランス
２１ 微粉炭吹き込みランス
２２ 観察孔
２３ レースウェイ DESCRIPTION OFSYMBOLS 1 Oxygen blast furnace 2 Mixer 3 Burner 4 Generator 5 Oxygen plant 6 Tuyere 11 Pulverized coal combustion test furnace 12, 14 Pipe line 13 Cyclone 15 Coke storage tank 16 Coke 17 Measuring probe 18 Tuy 19 Blow pipe 20 Pure oxygen blowing lance 21 Pulverized coal blowing lance 22 Observation hole 23 Raceway
２ 混合器
３ バーナー
４ 発電機
５ 酸素プラント
６ 羽口
１１ 微粉炭燃焼試験炉
１２、１４ 管路
１３ サイクロン
１５ コークス貯留槽
１６ コークス
１７ 測定プローブ
１８ 羽口
１９ ブローパイプ
２０ 純酸素吹き込みランス
２１ 微粉炭吹き込みランス
２２ 観察孔
２３ レースウェイ DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (4)
- 羽口から純酸素とともに微粉炭を吹き込むことで窒素を含まない高炉ガスを発生させて炉頂から回収する酸素高炉への微粉炭吹き込み操業を行うに当たり、前記微粉炭の揮発分を２５ｍａｓｓ％以上とすることを特徴とする酸素高炉への微粉炭吹き込み方法。 When pulverized coal is blown into the oxygen blast furnace to generate nitrogen-free blast furnace gas by blowing pulverized coal together with pure oxygen from the tuyere, the volatile content of the pulverized coal is 25 mass% or more. A method for injecting pulverized coal into an oxygen blast furnace.
- 羽口から吹き込む前記純酸素および前記微粉炭は常温のものを用いることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の酸素高炉への微粉炭吹き込み方法。 The method for injecting pulverized coal into an oxygen blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the pure oxygen and the pulverized coal injected from the tuyere are those at room temperature.
- 前記微粉炭の揮発分が３０ｍａｓｓ％以下であることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の酸素高炉への微粉炭吹き込み方法。 The method for injecting pulverized coal into an oxygen blast furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the volatile content of the pulverized coal is 30 mass% or less.
- 前記微粉炭の吹き込み量（ＰＣＲ）が溶銑１ｔ当たりで２００ｋｇ以上であることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の微粉炭吹き込み方法。 The pulverized coal blowing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pulverized coal blowing amount (PCR) is 200 kg or more per 1 ton of molten iron.
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| JPWO2016031653A1 (en) | 2017-04-27 |
| KR102080705B1 (en) | 2020-02-24 |
| JP6098765B2 (en) | 2017-03-22 |
| KR20170029003A (en) | 2017-03-14 |
| KR20180119713A (en) | 2018-11-02 |
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