WO2016023990A1 - Procédé d'identification d'un réseau indépendant - Google Patents

Procédé d'identification d'un réseau indépendant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016023990A1
WO2016023990A1 PCT/EP2015/068678 EP2015068678W WO2016023990A1 WO 2016023990 A1 WO2016023990 A1 WO 2016023990A1 EP 2015068678 W EP2015068678 W EP 2015068678W WO 2016023990 A1 WO2016023990 A1 WO 2016023990A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phase
inverter device
phase shift
output conductors
control unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2015/068678
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Konstantin Ponjakin
Original Assignee
Aei Power Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aei Power Gmbh filed Critical Aei Power Gmbh
Publication of WO2016023990A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016023990A1/fr

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381Dispersed generators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/388Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for island detection for a
  • Inverter device in particular for an inverter device of a photovoltaic system.
  • a method for island grid detection has already been proposed for an inverter device, in which the inverter device in each case impresses a current in at least two output conductors in an operating state and a measuring device determines phase positions of voltages applied to the output conductors.
  • the object of the invention is in particular to provide a method with which an isolated grid situation of an inverter device can be detected particularly efficiently.
  • the object is achieved by the features of
  • Patent claim 1 solved, while advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention can be taken from the dependent claims.
  • the invention is based on a method for island mesh detection for a
  • Inverter device in particular an inverter device for a photovoltaic system, in which the inverter device in each case impresses a current in at least two output conductors in an operating state and a measuring device determines phase positions of voltages applied to the output conductors.
  • a control and / or regulating unit determine a phase shift from the phase positions to an islanding network detection. , -
  • a phase shift can advantageously be compared with a tolerance range and used as a criterion for an islanding network detection.
  • Calculation steps for the island grid detection can take place in a large time slice and a small load of computing time can be achieved.
  • An island grid situation can be detected particularly efficiently. With several inverters remains the
  • an "inverter device” is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a device having at least one inverter, preferably a photovoltaic inverter, which is intended to be connected to at least one consumer and a supply network and to supply the consumer with electrical energy and / or to feed the electrical energy into the supply network
  • Inverter device electrically connected to a photovoltaic module, which is intended to provide the electrical energy. It is also conceivable that the inverter device with another energy source, such as a
  • a phase shift is understood to mean an amount, ie an absolute value, a difference between phase positions of electrical voltages or phase positions of electrical currents whose phase positions are arranged adjacent to one another be understood that is at least substantially isolated from the supply network and in which at least the inverter and the consumer are electrically connected to each other.
  • a "control and / or regulating unit” should be understood to mean, in particular, a unit having at least one control unit.
  • Control unit should be understood in this context to mean, in particular, a unit having a processor unit and a memory unit as well as an operating program stored in the memory unit , In principle, the control and / or regulating unit can have a plurality of interconnected control units.
  • control and / or regulating unit is provided to the
  • Disconnect inverter device in a stand-alone situation.
  • provided it is intended to be understood in particular to be specially programmed, designed and / or equipped, including that an object is intended for a specific function - -
  • the object fulfills and / or executes this specific function in at least one application and / or operating state.
  • Phase shift between at least two of the inverter device impressed in the output conductor currents changed. As a result, it is possible to introduce an additional phase difference between the currents and the voltages in a targeted manner, and to achieve active island grid detection.
  • Phase shift between impressed currents can at least in one
  • Stand-alone situation can be detected particularly reliable. It can be one
  • Inverter device can be provided for a large number of applications. It is possible to operate several inverters in parallel using the same procedure.
  • the current control unit for varying the phase shift sets phase positions of the impressed currents relative to the phase positions of the voltages respectively applied to the output conductors associated with the currents.
  • the control and / or regulating unit determines an amount for changing the phase positions of the impressed currents as a function of the determined phase shift of the voltages.
  • feedback can be effectively achieved, at least in a stand-alone grid situation, and deviations of the phase shifts of the voltages can be amplified by a desired value.
  • an isolated grid situation can be detected particularly quickly.
  • a method with a particularly short reaction time can be provided. It is also proposed that in the method, the control and / or regulating unit for determining the amount for changing the phase positions of the impressed currents - -
  • the amplification factor can be used as a parameter, and the method can be adapted particularly flexibly to different operating situations.
  • Sensitivity and reaction time can be adjusted. It can be achieved a short reaction time.
  • the reaction time is preferably less than 1 s, preferably less than 500 ms and particularly preferably less than 300 ms. It is also conceivable that the control and / or regulating unit determines the amount for changing the phase position of the impressed current in another way that seems suitable to a person skilled in the art.
  • the gain factor has a value less than one.
  • deviations of the phase shift can be limited by a target value with effects on the supply network and / or the consumer.
  • Amplification factor has a value greater than one, resulting in particularly short
  • a current control unit changes the phase positions of all impressed currents, which are each assigned to one of the output conductors. As a result, a comprehensible and particularly easily verifiable change in the phase positions can be achieved.
  • the current control unit advantageously changes the phase positions of the impressed currents by the same amount determined by the control and / or regulating unit. As a result, a robust and time-saving method can be achieved.
  • an inverter device in particular an inverter device for a photovoltaic system, is proposed, with at least two output conductors, which are provided for impressing a current, and with a measuring device, to which - -
  • the inverter device has a control and / or regulating unit which is provided to determine a phase shift from the phase angles to an islanding network detection.
  • a difference of phase shifts can advantageously be determined, compared with a tolerance range and used as a criterion for an islanding network detection.
  • An inverter device that is particularly efficient, at least with regard to the islanding network detection, can be provided. Inverter devices may be provided, the
  • Inverter can be safely connected in parallel with respect to the island network detection. It can be provided a particularly flexible inverter device.
  • the inverter device comprises a current control unit which is provided to change a phase shift between at least two of the impressed currents.
  • a current control unit which is provided to change a phase shift between at least two of the impressed currents.
  • the inverter device has a further output conductor and designed as a three-phase inverter inverter, which is connected to the three output conductors and provided to, in the
  • Output conductor each impress a current. This can be a
  • Inverter device can be provided for a particularly wide range of applications.
  • the inverter device according to the invention should not be limited to the application and embodiment described above.
  • the inverter device according to the invention may be used to fulfill one of the herein
  • 1 is a circuit diagram of an inverter device which is connected to consumers and a supply network
  • Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for island mesh detection
  • Fig. 3 diagram for phase angles of electrical voltages.
  • FIG. 1 shows an inverter device 10 for a photovoltaic system.
  • Inverter apparatus 10 includes an inverter 36, which is referred to as a
  • the inverter 36 is formed in the present embodiment as a three-phase inverter for the connection of at least one photovoltaic module 38.
  • the inverter device 10 has three
  • Inverter 36 is connected in an operating state to the output conductors 12, 14, 16.
  • the inverter device 10 further includes a neutral conductor 46.
  • the inverter 36 is connected to the neutral conductor 46 in an operating condition.
  • the output conductors 12, 14, 16 each have a voltage relative to a potential of the neutral conductor 46.
  • the voltages are each formed as an alternating voltage and each have an amplitude, a frequency and a phase position 20, 22, 24.
  • the voltages of different output conductors 12, 14, 16 each have a phase shift 28, 30, 32 to each other.
  • a nominal value of the phase shift 28, 30, 32 is 120 degrees.
  • the output conductors 12, 14, 16 are each flowed through by a current in an operating state.
  • the currents are each formed as an alternating current and each have an amplitude, a frequency and a phase angle.
  • the inverter device 10 has a measuring device 18, which is to
  • the inverter device 10 further includes a control unit 26 provided for controlling the inverter 36.
  • the inverter device 10 has a signal connection 48 between the measuring device 18 and the control and regulation unit 26.
  • the inverter device 10 has a current control unit 34, which is provided to control the impressed in the output conductors 12, 14, 16 currents.
  • the current control unit 34 is provided to the phase positions of the
  • the current control unit 34 is provided to adjust the phase positions of the impressed currents relative to the voltages of the output conductors 12, 14, 16. It is conceivable that the current control unit 34 is integrated in the control and regulation unit 26.
  • the control unit 26 is provided to a largest of
  • Phase shifts 28 and a smallest of the phase shifts 30 to determine and compare with a tolerance range for the phase shifts 28, 30, 32.
  • the control unit 26 is provided to turn off the inverter device 10 in a state in which one of the phase shifts 28, 30, 32 is outside the tolerance range.
  • the control and regulating unit 26 has a memory element, not shown in detail, which is intended to a
  • the control and regulation unit 26 is provided to determine an amount and a direction 40, 42, 44 for changing the phase positions of the currents by means of the current control unit 34 as a product of the
  • the inverter device 10 is by means of the output conductor 12, 14, 16 at a
  • Connection point 50 connected to a plurality of electrical loads 52.
  • the inverter device 10 is further connected to the electrical loads 52 by means of the neutral conductor 46. It is conceivable that the inverter device 10 is electrically connected to only one consumer 52. The inverter device 10 is intended to supply the loads 52 with electrical energy. It is conceivable that the connection point 50 as a connection point 50 of a
  • Consumer network is designed to supply a building and / or a system.
  • the inverter device 10 is connected to a supply network 54 by means of the output conductors 12, 14, 16 and by means of the neutral conductor 46.
  • the supply network 54 is designed as a three-phase AC network.
  • the supply network 54 is electrically connected to the consumers 52 by means of network conductors 56, 58, 60 and by means of a further neutral conductor 62.
  • the supply network 54 supplies at least in a state in which an electrical power of the photovoltaic module 38 is smaller than a power consumption of the consumer 52, the load 52 with electrical energy. In a state in which an electric power of the photovoltaic module 38 is greater than a power consumption of the load 52, the inverter device 10 feeds electric power into the utility network 54.
  • a switching device 64 is arranged in the present embodiment.
  • Switching device 64 is provided to interrupt the power conductors 56, 58, 60 and to disconnect the power supply 54 from the inverter device 10 and the loads 52.
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of a method for island mesh detection for the
  • Inverter device 10 in which the inverter device 10 in a
  • FIG. 2 shows a starting point 68. Parameters are defined in two first method steps 70, 72. A tolerance range is defined for the phase shifts 28, 30, 32 of the voltages. In the present embodiment, the
  • Tolerance range from 90 degrees to 150 degrees.
  • the method includes a cycle 74 having a plurality of , ,
  • Method steps 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88 A subdivision of the method in process steps is used for the description. In an operation of the
  • the cycle 74 is continuously traversed.
  • the measuring device 18 determines the
  • the measuring device 18 converts the phase positions 20, 22, 24 detected via analog signals into digital signals and transmits the phase positions 20, 22, 24 to the control and regulation unit 26.
  • the control and regulation unit 26 determines from the phase positions 20, 22, 24, the phase shifts 28, 30, 32 of the voltage applied to the output conductors 12, 14, 16 voltages.
  • the control unit 26 determines the
  • phase shifts 28, 30, 32 A first of
  • Phase shifts 28 indicate a spacing of the phase layers 20, 22 between a first one of the voltages and a second one of the voltages. A second of the
  • Phase shifts 30 indicate a spacing of the phase layers 22, 24 between the second of the voltages and a third of the voltages. A third of the
  • Phase shifts 32 indicate a spacing of the phase layers 24, 20 between the third voltage and the first voltage.
  • FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the phase positions 20, 22, 24. A full angle corresponds to 360 degrees. Arrows are associated with voltages and denote the phase positions 20, 22, 24 of the voltages. An extension of an arc between two arrows corresponds to the respective phase shift 28, 30, 32. In the state shown in FIG. 3, the first phase shift 28 has a value of approximately 140 degrees. The second
  • Phase shift 30 has a value of about 100 degrees and the third
  • Phase shift 32 has a value of about 120 degrees.
  • the control unit 26 determines the largest of the phase shifts 28 and the smallest of the phase shifts 30. In the diagram shown in FIG.
  • Phase shift 28 the largest phase shift 28 and the second
  • Phase shift 30 the smallest phase shift 30.
  • Control unit 26 compares in a method step 82, whether the largest
  • Tolerance range are. In the present embodiment are the largest - -
  • the method is continued with a further method step 84 of the cycle 74.
  • one cycle increases with each cycle 74 Deviation of at least one of the phase shifts 28, 30, 32 from the desired value and at least one of the phase shifts 28, 30, 32 is ultimately outside the tolerance range.
  • the control unit 26 detects a stand-alone situation, the cycle 74 is left and the control unit 26 switches in one
  • Method step 90 deploys the inverter device 10, i. In particular, no electrical power is fed into the output conductors 12, 14, 16. The method reaches an endpoint 92.
  • the control unit 26 determines the amount for changing the phase position of the impressed currents in dependence on the determined phase shifts 28, 30, 32 of the voltages.
  • the control unit 26 determines the difference between the largest phase shift 28 and the smallest phase shift 30. The difference is about 40 degrees in the present embodiment.
  • the control unit 26 multiplies to determine the amount to change the
  • the control unit 26 transmits the amount to the current control unit 34 via a further signal connection 66, which controls the control unit 26 and the
  • step 88 the current control unit 34 changes the
  • the current control unit 34 changes the phase positions of the currents impressed into the output conductors 12, 14, 16.
  • the current control unit 34 adjusts the phase positions of the impressed currents relative to the phase positions 20, 22, 24 of the voltages respectively applied to the output conductors 12, 14, 16 associated with the currents.
  • the power control unit 34 changes - -
  • the current control unit 34 changes the phase positions of the impressed currents in each case by the same amount determined by the control and regulation unit 26.
  • the directions 40, 42, 44 of the change in the phase positions of the currents results from the phase shifts 28, 30, 32 of the voltages.
  • the current control unit 34 transmits an order of
  • Phase shifts 28, 30, 32 of the voltages based on a magnitude of the phase shifts 28, 30, 32, on the phase shifts of the currents.
  • the current control unit 34 increases inequality of the phase shifts 28, 30, 32 of the currents with respect to an inequality of the phase shifts 28, 30, 32 of the voltages associated with the currents.
  • the phase positions of the currents whose associated voltages to each other have the largest phase shift 28 are removed from each other.
  • the phase positions of the currents whose associated voltages to each other have the smallest phase shift 30 are approximated. This determines all new phase positions in a three-phase system.
  • the shift of the phase positions of the currents is a last method step 88 of the cycle 74 of the method.
  • the cycle 74 closes, i. it follows the first
  • Method step 76 of the cycle 74 in which the measuring device 18 determines the phase positions 20, 22, 24 of the voltage applied to the output conductors 12, 14, 16 voltages.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé destiné à identifier un réseau indépendant pour un dispositif d'onduleur, en particulier pour un dispositif d'onduleur d'une installation photovoltaïque, dans lequel le dispositif d'onduleur (10) mémorise à chaque fois un courant dans au moins deux conducteurs de sortie (12, 14, 16) dans un état de fonctionnement et un système de mesure (18) détermine des conditions de phases (20, 22, 24) de tensions situées au niveau des conducteurs de sortie (12, 14, 16). L'invention propose qu'une unité de commande et/ou de réglage (26) définisse à partir des conditions de phases (20, 22, 24) un déphasage (28, 30, 32) par rapport à l'identification d'un réseau indépendant.
PCT/EP2015/068678 2014-08-15 2015-08-13 Procédé d'identification d'un réseau indépendant WO2016023990A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014111704.2 2014-08-15
DE102014111704.2A DE102014111704A1 (de) 2014-08-15 2014-08-15 Verfahren zur Inselnetzerkennung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016023990A1 true WO2016023990A1 (fr) 2016-02-18

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PCT/EP2015/068678 WO2016023990A1 (fr) 2014-08-15 2015-08-13 Procédé d'identification d'un réseau indépendant

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE102014111704A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016023990A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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CN107390067A (zh) * 2017-08-11 2017-11-24 中国电力科学研究院 一种基于电流内环控制的微电网孤岛判断方法和装置

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DE102017220173B4 (de) * 2017-11-13 2020-04-02 Helmut-Schmidt-Universität Regelkreis für ein Versorgungsnetz und Phasenschieber

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US20080238215A1 (en) * 2003-11-14 2008-10-02 General Electric Company Method, memory media and apparatus for detection of grid disconnect
US20110187200A1 (en) * 2010-02-03 2011-08-04 Xantrex Technology Inc. Anti-islanding for grid-tie inverter using covariance estimation and logic decision maker

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CN107390067A (zh) * 2017-08-11 2017-11-24 中国电力科学研究院 一种基于电流内环控制的微电网孤岛判断方法和装置

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