WO2016022645A1 - Antagonistes hétérocycliques du récepteur du cgrp - Google Patents

Antagonistes hétérocycliques du récepteur du cgrp Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016022645A1
WO2016022645A1 PCT/US2015/043753 US2015043753W WO2016022645A1 WO 2016022645 A1 WO2016022645 A1 WO 2016022645A1 US 2015043753 W US2015043753 W US 2015043753W WO 2016022645 A1 WO2016022645 A1 WO 2016022645A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
group
halo
cyano
optionally substituted
independently selected
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2015/043753
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ian M. Bell
Lianyun Zhao
Cheng Wang
C. Blair Zartman
Original Assignee
Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. filed Critical Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.
Publication of WO2016022645A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016022645A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/72—Nitrogen atoms
    • C07D213/74—Amino or imino radicals substituted by hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
    • C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D215/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D215/38—Nitrogen atoms
    • C07D215/42—Nitrogen atoms attached in position 4
    • C07D215/44—Nitrogen atoms attached in position 4 with aryl radicals attached to said nitrogen atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
    • C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D215/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D215/38—Nitrogen atoms
    • C07D215/42—Nitrogen atoms attached in position 4
    • C07D215/46—Nitrogen atoms attached in position 4 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms, attached to said nitrogen atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D221/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00
    • C07D221/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D221/04—Ortho- or peri-condensed ring systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D409/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems

Definitions

  • CGRP Calcitonin Gene -Related Peptide
  • CGRP is expressed in alpha- and beta-forms that vary by one and three amino acids in the rat and human, respectively.
  • CGRP-alpha and CGRP -beta display similar biological properties.
  • CGRP receptor which is a heterodimer consisting of the G-protein coupled calcitonin-like receptor (CLR) in association with the single transmembrane protein known as receptor activity modifying protein 1 (RAMPi).
  • CLR G-protein coupled calcitonin-like receptor
  • RAMPi receptor activity modifying protein 1
  • CGRP receptors are predominantly coupled to the activation of adenylyl cyclase and have been identified and pharmacologically evaluated in several tissues and cells, including those of brain, cardiovascular, endothelial, and smooth muscle origin.
  • CGRP is a potent neuromodulator that has been implicated in the pathology of cerebrovascular disorders such as migraine and cluster headache.
  • elevated levels of CGRP in the jugular vein were found to occur during migraine attacks (Goadsby et al. (1990) Ann. Neurol. 28, 183-187), salivary levels of CGRP are elevated in migraine subjects between (Bellamy et al. (2006) Headache 46, 24-33) and during attacks (Cady et al. (2009) Headache 49, 1258-1266), and CGRP itself has been shown to trigger migrainous headache (Lassen et al. (2002) Cephalalgia 22, 54-61).
  • the CGRP receptor antagonist BIBN4096BS has been shown to be effective in treating acute attacks of migraine (Olesen et al. (2004) New Engl. J. Med. 350, 1104-1110) and was able to prevent headache induced by CGRP infusion in a control group (Petersen et al. (2005) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 77, 202-213).
  • the orally bioavailable CGRP receptor antagonist telcagepant has also shown antimigraine effectiveness in phase III clinical trials (Ho et al. (2008) Lancet 372, 2115-2123; Connor et al. (2009) Neurology 73, 970-977).
  • CGRP -mediated activation of the trigeminovascular system may play a key role in migraine pathogenesis. Additionally, CGRP activates receptors on the smooth muscle of intracranial vessels, leading to increased vasodilation, which is thought to contribute to headache pain during migraine attacks (Lance, Headache Pathogenesis: Monoamines, Neuropeptides, Purines and Nitric Oxide, Lippincott-Raven Publishers, 1997, 3-9).
  • the middle meningeal artery the principle artery in the dura mater, is innervated by sensory fibers from the trigeminal ganglion which contain several neuropeptides, including CGRP.
  • Trigeminal ganglion stimulation in the cat resulted in increased levels of CGRP, and in humans, activation of the trigeminal system caused facial flushing and increased levels of CGRP in the external jugular vein (Goadsby et al. (1988) Ann. N ' eurol. 23, 193-196).
  • Electrical stimulation of the dura mater in rats increased the diameter of the middle meningeal artery, an effect that was blocked by prior administration of CGRP(8-37), a peptide CGRP receptor antagonist (Williamson et al. (1997) Cephalalgia 17, 525-531).
  • Trigeminal ganglion stimulation increased facial blood flow in the rat, which was inhibited by CGRP(8-37) (Escott et al. (1995) Brain Res. 669, 93-99). Electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion in marmoset produced an increase in facial blood flow that could be blocked by the non-peptide CGRP receptor antagonist BIBN4096BS (Doods et al. (2000) Br. J. Pharmacol. 129, 420-423). Thus the vascular effects of CGRP may be attenuated, prevented or reversed by a CGRP receptor antagonist.
  • CGRP -mediated vasodilation of rat middle meningeal artery was shown to sensitize neurons of the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (Williamson et al., The CGRP Family:
  • CGRP Calcitonin Gene -Related Peptide
  • Amylin and Adrenomedullin
  • distention of dural blood vessels during migraine headache may sensitize trigeminal neurons.
  • Some of the associated symptoms of migraine, including extra- cranial pain and facial allodynia, may be the result of sensitized trigeminal neurons (Burstein et al. (2000) Ann. Neurol. 47, 614-624).
  • a CGRP antagonist may be beneficial in attenuating, preventing or reversing the effects of neuronal sensitization.
  • CGRP receptor antagonists The ability of the compounds of the present invention to act as CGRP receptor antagonists makes them useful pharmacological agents for disorders that involve CGRP in humans and animals, but particularly in humans.
  • disorders include migraine and cluster headache (Doods (2001) Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs 2, 1261-1268; Edvinsson et al. (1994) Cephalalgia 14, 320-327); chronic tension type headache (Ashina et al. (2000) Neurology 14, 1335-1340); pain (Yu et al. (1998) Eur. J. Pharmacol. 347, 275-282); chronic pain (Hulsebosch et al.
  • Urology 166, 1720-1723 allergic dermatitis (Wallengren (2000) Contact Dermatitis 43, 137-143); psoriasis; encephalitis, brain trauma, ischaemia, stroke, epilepsy, and neurodegenerative diseases (Rohrenbeck et al. (1999) Neurobiol. Dis. 6, 15-34); skin diseases (Geppetti and Holzer, Eds., Neurogenic
  • the present invention is directed to heterocyclic compounds which are potent antagonists of CGRP receptors and useful in the treatment or prevention of diseases in which the CGRP is involved, such as migraine.
  • the invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and the use of these compounds and compositions in the prevention or treatment of such diseases in which CGRP is involved.
  • the present invention is directed to compounds of Formula I
  • A is benzimidazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzopyrazolyl,
  • X is NR 9 , O, S(0) M , or CR 6 R 7 ;
  • G 1 , G 2 , G 3 and G 4 are each independently CR a or N;
  • G 5 is CR b ,
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, cyano, OR 8 , NR 11 R12 , heterocyclyl and OR 10 ;
  • R 4 and R 5 can be taken together with the atoms to which they are attached to form a 4 to 6 membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, wherein said ring may contain from one to three unsaturated bonds, and which ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of:
  • R 6 and R 7 are each independently selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • 11 12 independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxy, cyano and NR R ,
  • R is hydrogen or Ci_ 6 alkyl, wherein said alkyl is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, cyano, C 3 _ 6 cycloalkyl, phenyl and hydroxy;
  • R 9 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to five substitutents independently
  • R 10 is heterocyclyl, C 3 _ 6 cycloalkyl, phenyl or heteroaryl, wherein said heterocylyl, cycloalkyl, aryl and heteroaryl groups are optionally substituted with one to five substituents independently selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • R 11 and R 1 1 2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • R and R 1 can be taken together with the atom(s) to which they are attached to form a 3 to 7 membered ring optionally containing an additional heteroatom selected from N, O, and S, wherein the sulfur is optionally oxidized to the sulfone or sulfoxide, which ring is unsubstituted or substituted with one to four substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three halo;
  • R is heterocyclyl wherein said heterocylyl is optionally substituted with one to five substituents independently selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents independently
  • Each R a is independently selected from the group consisting of: (a) hydrogen,
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to five substitutents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, cyano, OR 8 , NR n R 12 , R 10 and OR 10 ;
  • R b is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • R a and R b can be taken together with the carbon atom(s) to which they are attached to form a 4 to 7 membered ring optionally containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S, wherein the sulfur is optionally oxidized to the sulfone or sulfoxide, which ring is optionally substituted with one to four substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • R 8 11 12 independently selected from the group consisting of halo, OR , cyano, and NR R ;
  • R c and R d are independently selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to five substitutents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, cyano, OR 8 , NR n R 12 , R 10 and OR 10 ;
  • n is an integer from zero to two.
  • Another class of the invention is directed to compounds of the formula:
  • A is imidazopyridinyl, pyrazolopyridinyl, pyridinyl, naphthyridinyl, pyridopyrimidinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrimidyl, pyrrolopyridinyl or quinolinyl, and A is optionally substituted with R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 .
  • A is imidazopyridinyl, which is optionally substituted with R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 .
  • A is pyrazolopyridinyl, which is optionally substituted with R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 .
  • A is pyridinyl, which is optionally substituted with R 1 , R 2 , R 4 and R 5 .
  • A is naphthyridinyl, which is optionally substituted with R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 .
  • A is pyridopyrimidinyl, which is optionally substituted with R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 .
  • A is pyrimidinyl, which is optionally substituted with R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 .
  • A is pyrimidyl, which is optionally substituted with R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 .
  • A is pyrrolopyridinyl, which is optionally substituted with R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 .
  • A is quinolinyl, which is optionally substituted with R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 .
  • X is NR 9 . In another class of the invention, X is O.
  • G 1 is CR a . In another class of the invention, G 1 is N.
  • G 2 is CR a . In another class of the invention, G 2 is N.
  • G 3 is CR a . In another class of the invention, G 3 is N.
  • G 4 is CR a . In another class of the invention, G 4 is N.
  • R 1 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents independently
  • R 1 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • 11 12 independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxy, cyano and NR R ,
  • R 1 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • R 1 is hydrogen
  • R is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents independently
  • 11 12 independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxy, cyano and NR R ,
  • R is selected from the group consisting of:
  • 11 12 independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxy, cyano and NR R ,
  • R is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • R is methyl
  • R is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents independently
  • 11 12 independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxy, cyano and NR R ,
  • R is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • R is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • R is hydrogen
  • R 4 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents independently
  • independentl 8 11 12 independently selected from the group consisting of halo, cyano, OR , NR R and heterocyclyl; (h) C 2 -6 alkenyl, which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • 11 12 independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxy, cyano and NR R ,
  • R 4 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • 11 12 independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxy, cyano and NR R ,
  • R 4 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • R 4 is methyl
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents independently
  • 11 12 independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxy, cyano and NR R , G) OR 10 ,
  • R 5 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • 11 12 independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxy, cyano and NR R ,
  • R 5 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • R 5 is methyl.
  • R 7 is hydrogen
  • R 9 is hydrogen
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • R 11 is hydrogen. In another subclass of the invention, R 11 is Ci_ 6 alkyl, which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents independently selected from
  • R is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • R 12 is hydrogen. In another subclass of the invention, R 12 is Ci_ 6 alkyl, which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents independently selected from
  • R is heterocyclyl wherein said heterocylyl is optionally substituted with one to five substituents independently selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • each R a is hydrogen. In another class of the invention, each R a is hydroxy.
  • R b is selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • R b is OCi_ 6 alkyl, which is optionally substituted with one to three
  • R b is OCH 3 .
  • R a and R b can be taken together with the carbon atom(s) to which they are attached to form a 4 to 7 membered ring optionally containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S, wherein the sulfur is optionally oxidized to the sulfone or sulfoxide, which ring is optionally substituted with one to four substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three substitutents
  • R a and R b can be taken together with the carbon atom(s) to which they are attached to form a 5 to 6 membered ring optionally containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S, wherein the sulfur is optionally oxidized to the sulfone or sulfoxide, which ring is optionally substituted with one to four substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of:
  • Ci_6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one to three halo;
  • Specific embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to the compounds identified herein as Examples 1 to 53, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
  • the invention also encompasses a pharmaceutical composition which comprises an inert carrier and the compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the invention also encompasses a method of treating headache in a mammalian patient in need of such treatment, which comprises administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the headache is migraine headache.
  • the invention also encompasses the use of a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of headache.
  • the headache is migraine headache.
  • the invention is also directed to medicaments or pharmaceutical compositions for treating diseases or disorders in which CGRP is involved, such as migraine, which comprise a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the invention is also directed to the use of a compound of Formula I for treating diseases or disorders in which CGRP is involved, such as migraine.
  • the invention is further directed to a method for the manufacture of a medicament or a composition for treating diseases or disorders in which CGRP is involved, such as migraine, comprising combining a compound of Formula I with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
  • the compounds of the present invention may contain one or more asymmetric centers and can thus occur as racemates and racemic mixtures, single enantiomers, diastereomeric mixtures and individual diastereomers. Additional asymmetric centers may be present depending upon the nature of the various substituents on the molecule. Each such asymmetric center will independently produce two optical isomers and it is intended that all of the possible optical isomers and diastereomers in mixtures and as pure or partially purified compounds are included within the ambit of this invention. Unless a specific stereochemistry is indicated, the present invention is meant to comprehend all such isomeric forms of these compounds.
  • racemic mixtures of the compounds may be separated so that the individual enantiomers are isolated.
  • the separation can be carried out by methods well known in the art, such as the coupling of a racemic mixture of compounds to an enantiomerically pure compound to form a diastereomeric mixture, followed by separation of the individual diastereomers by standard methods, such as fractional crystallization or chromatography.
  • the coupling reaction is often the formation of salts using an enantiomerically pure acid or base.
  • the diasteromeric derivatives may then be converted to the pure enantiomers by cleavage of the added chiral residue.
  • the racemic mixture of the compounds can also be separated directly by chromatographic methods utilizing chiral stationary phases, which methods are well known in the art.
  • any enantiomer of a compound may be obtained by stereoselective synthesis using optically pure starting materials or reagents of known configuration by methods well known in the art.
  • the atoms may exhibit their natural isotopic abundances, or one or more of the atoms may be artificially enriched in a particular isotope having the same atomic number, but an atomic mass or mass number different from the atomic mass or mass number predominantly found in nature.
  • the present invention is meant to include all suitable isotopic variations of the compounds of generic Formula I.
  • different isotopic forms of hydrogen (H) include protium (IF!) and deuterium (3 ⁇ 4).
  • Protium is the predominant hydrogen isotope found in nature. Enriching for deuterium may afford certain therapeutic advantages, such as increasing in vivo half-life or reducing dosage requirements, or may provide a compound useful as a standard for characterization of biological samples.
  • Isotopically-enriched compounds within generic Formula I can be prepared without undue experimentation by conventional techniques well known to those skilled in the art or by processes analogous to those described in the Schemes and Examples herein using appropriate isotopically-enriched reagents and/or intermediates.
  • Tautomers of compounds defined in Formula I are also included within the scope of the present invention.
  • any variable e.g. R a , etc.
  • its definition on each occurrence is independent at every other occurrence.
  • combinations of substituents and variables are permissible only if such combinations result in stable compounds.
  • Lines drawn into the ring systems from substituents represent that the indicated bond may be attached to any of the substitutable ring atoms. If the ring system is bicyclic, it is intended that the bond be attached to any of the suitable atoms on either ring of the bicyclic moiety.
  • one or more silicon (Si) atoms can be incorporated into the compounds of the instant invention in place of one or more carbon atoms by one of ordinary skill in the art to provide compounds that are chemically stable and that can be readily synthesized by techniques known in the art from readily available starting materials.
  • Carbon and silicon differ in their covalent radius leading to differences in bond distance and the steric arrangement when comparing analogous C-element and Si-element bonds. These differences lead to subtle changes in the size and shape of silicon-containing compounds when compared to carbon.
  • size and shape differences can lead to subtle or dramatic changes in potency, solubility, lack of off-target activity, packaging properties, and so on.
  • substituents and substitution patterns on the compounds of the instant invention can be selected by one of ordinary skill in the art to provide compounds that are chemically stable and that can be readily synthesized by techniques known in the art, as well as those methods set forth below, from readily available starting materials. If a substituent is itself substituted with more than one group, it is understood that these multiple groups may be on the same carbon or on different carbons, so long as a stable structure results.
  • alkyl is intended to mean linear or branched structures having no carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds.
  • Cl-4alkyl is defined to identify the group as having 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbons in a linear or branched arrangement, such that Cl-4alkyl specifically includes, but is not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl and tert- butyl.
  • cycloalkyl means a monocyclic saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having the specified number of carbon atoms.
  • cycloalkyl includes cyclopropyl, methyl-cyclopropyl, 2,2-dimethyl-cyclobutyl, 2-ethyl-cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and so on.
  • halo or halogen as used herein is intended to include chloro (CI), fluoro (F), bromo (Br) and iodo (I).
  • cycloalkyl or “carbocycle” shall mean cyclic rings of alkanes of three to eight total carbon atoms, unless otherwise indicated, or any number within this range (i.e., cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl or cyclooctyl).
  • alkenyl refers to a non- aromatic hydrocarbon radical, straight or branched, containing from 2 to 10 carbon atoms and at least 1 carbon to carbon double bond. Preferably 1 carbon to carbon double bond is present, and up to 4 non-aromatic carbon-carbon double bonds may be present.
  • C2-C6 alkenyl means an alkenyl radical having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • Alkenyl groups include ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl and cyclohexenyl. As described above with respect to alkyl, the straight, branched or cyclic portion of the alkenyl group may contain double bonds and may be substituted if a substituted alkenyl group is indicated.
  • heteroaryl represents a stable monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic ring of up to 10 atoms in each ring, wherein at least one ring is aromatic and contains from 1 to 4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N and S.
  • Heteroaryl groups within the scope of this definition include but are not limited to: benzoimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzofurazanyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzotriazolyl, benzothiophenyl, benzoxazolyl, carbazolyl, carbolinyl, cinnolinyl, furanyl, indolinyl, indolyl, indolazinyl, indazolyl, isobenzofuranyl, isoindolyl, isoquinolyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, naphthpyridinyl, oxadiazolyl, oxazolyl, oxazoline, isoxazoline, pyranyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyridopyridinyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrrolyl, quinazoliny
  • heteroaryl substituent is bicyclic and one ring is non- aromatic or contains no heteroatoms, it is understood that attachment is via the aromatic ring or via the heteroatom containing ring, respectively. If the heteroaryl contains nitrogen atoms, it is understood that the corresponding N-oxides thereof are also encompassed by this definition.
  • heterocycle or “heterocyclyl” as used herein is intended to mean a 5- to 10-membered nonaromatic ring, unless otherwise specified, containing from 1 to 4
  • heterocyclyl therefore includes, but is not limited to the following: piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, dihydropiperidinyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl and the like. If the heterocycle contains a nitrogen, it is understood that the corresponding N-oxides thereof are also emcompassed by this definition.
  • phrases "pharmaceutically acceptable” is employed herein to refer to those compounds, materials, compositions, and/or dosage forms which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of human beings and animals without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, or other problem or complication, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts refer to derivatives wherein the parent compound is modified by making acid or base salts thereof. Salts in the solid form may exist in more than one crystal structure, and may also be in the form of hydrates.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts include, but are not limited to, mineral or organic acid salts of basic residues such as amines; alkali or organic salts of acidic residues such as carboxylic acids; and the like.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salts include the conventional non-toxic salts or the quaternary ammonium salts of the parent compound formed, for example, from nontoxic inorganic or organic acids.
  • such conventional non-toxic salts include those derived from inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, sulfamic, phosphoric, nitric and the like; and the salts prepared from organic acids such as acetic, propionic, succinic, glycolic, stearic, lactic, malic, tartaric, citric, ascorbic, pamoic, maleic, hydroxymaleic, phenylacetic, glutamic, benzoic, salicylic, sulfanilic, 2-acetoxybenzoic, fumaric, toluenesulfonic, methanesulfonic, ethane disulfonic, oxalic, isethionic, and the like.
  • Salts derived from inorganic bases include aluminum, ammonium, calcium, copper, ferric, ferrous, lithium, magnesium, manganic salts, manganous, potassium, sodium, zinc, and the like.
  • salts may be prepared from pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic acids, including inorganic and organic acids.
  • acids include acetic, benzenesulfonic, benzoic, camphorsulfonic, citric, ethanesulfonic, fumaric, gluconic, glutamic, hydrobromic, hydrochloric, isethionic, lactic, maleic, malic, mandelic, methanesulfonic, mucic, nitric, pamoic, pantothenic, phosphoric, succinic, sulfuric, tartaric, p- toluenesulfonic acid, and the like.
  • the salts are citric, hydrobromic, hydrochloric, maleic, phosphoric, sulfuric, fumaric, and tartaric acids. It will be understood that, as used herein, references to the compounds of Formula I are meant to also include the pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • Specific compounds within the present invention include a compound which may be selected from the group consisting of the compounds disclosed in the following Examples and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and individual diastereomers thereof.
  • the subject compounds are useful in a method of antagonism of CGRP receptors in a patient such as a mammal in need of such antagonism comprising the administration of an effective amount of the compound.
  • the present invention is directed to the use of the
  • Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to a method for the treatment, control, amelioration, or reduction of risk of a disease or disorder in which the CGRP receptor is involved in a patient that comprises administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound that is an antagonist of CGRP receptors.
  • the subject treated in the present methods is generally a mammal, for example a human being, male or female, in whom antagonism of CGRP receptor activity is desired.
  • therapeutically effective amount means the amount of the subject compound that will elicit the biological or medical response of a tissue, system, animal or human that is being sought by the researcher, veterinarian, medical doctor or other clinician.
  • treatment refers both to the treatment and to the prevention or prophylactic therapy of the mentioned conditions, particularly in a patient who is predisposed to such disease or disorder.
  • composition as used herein is intended to encompass a product comprising the specified ingredients in the specified amounts, as well as any product which results, directly or indirectly, from combination of the specified ingredients in the specified amounts.
  • Such term in relation to pharmaceutical composition is intended to encompass a product comprising the active ingredient(s), and the inert ingredient(s) that make up the carrier, as well as any product which results, directly or indirectly, from combination, complexation or aggregation of any two or more of the ingredients, or from dissociation of one or more of the ingredients, or from other types of reactions or interactions of one or more of the ingredients.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention encompass any composition made by admixing a compound of the present invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable it is meant the carrier, diluent or excipient must be compatible with the other ingredients of the formulation and not deleterious to the recipient thereof.
  • the present invention includes within its scope prodrugs of the compounds of this invention.
  • prodrugs will be functional derivatives of the compounds of this invention which are readily convertible in vivo into the required compound.
  • the terms "administration of or "administering a” compound shall encompass the treatment of the various conditions described with the compound specifically disclosed or with a compound which may not be specifically disclosed, but which converts to the specified compound in vivo after administration to the patient.
  • Conventional procedures for the selection and preparation of suitable prodrug derivatives are described, for example, in "Design of Prodrugs," ed. H. Bundgaard, Elsevier, 1985. Metabolites of these compounds include active species produced upon introduction of compounds of this invention into the biological milieu.
  • the ability of the compounds of the present invention to act as CGRP receptor antagonists makes them useful pharmacological agents for disorders that involve CGRP in humans and animals, but particularly in humans.
  • the subject compounds may be further useful in a method for the prevention, treatment, control, amelioration, or reduction of risk of the diseases, disorders and conditions noted herein.
  • the subject compounds may be further useful in a method for the prevention, treatment, control, amelioration, or reduction of risk of the aforementioned diseases, disorders and conditions in combination with other agents.
  • compositions of the present invention include those that contain one or more other active ingredients, in addition to a compound of Formula I.
  • the present compounds may be used in conjunction with an an anti- migraine agent, such as ergotamine and dihydroergotamine, or other serotonin agonists, especially a 5-HTm/m agonist, for example sumatriptan, naratriptan, zolmitriptan, eletriptan, almotriptan, frovatriptan, donitriptan, and rizatriptan, a 5-HTi D agonist such as PNU-142633 and a 5-HTi F agonist such as LY334370; a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, such as a selective migraine agent, such as ergotamine and dihydroergotamine, or other serotonin agonists, especially a 5-HTm/m agonist, for example sumatriptan, naratriptan, zolmitriptan, eletriptan, almotriptan, frovatriptan, donitriptan, and rizatriptan, a 5-HTi D agonist
  • cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor for example rofecoxib, etoricoxib, celecoxib, valdecoxib or paracoxib; a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent or a cytokine-suppressing anti-inflammatory agent, for example with a compound such as ibuprofen, ketoprofen, fenoprofen, naproxen, indomethacin, sulindac, meloxicam, piroxicam, tenoxicam, lornoxicam, ketorolac, etodolac, mefenamic acid, meclofenamic acid, flufenamic acid, tolfenamic acid, diclofenac, oxaprozin, apazone, nimesulide, nabumetone, tenidap, etanercept, tolmetin, phenylbutazone, oxyphenbutazone, diflunisal, salsalate, ol
  • the instant compounds may be administered with an analgesic such as aspirin, acetaminophen, phenacetin, fentanyl, sufentanil, methadone, acetyl methadol, buprenorphine or morphine.
  • an analgesic such as aspirin, acetaminophen, phenacetin, fentanyl, sufentanil, methadone, acetyl methadol, buprenorphine or morphine.
  • an interleukin inhibitor such as an interleukin-1 inhibitor; an NK-1 receptor antagonist, for example aprepitant; an NMD A antagonist; an NR2B antagonist; a bradykinin-1 receptor antagonist; an adenosine Al receptor agonist; a sodium channel blocker, for example lamotrigine; an opiate agonist such as levomethadyl acetate or methadyl acetate; a lipoxygenase inhibitor, such as an inhibitor of 5 -lipoxygenase; an alpha receptor antagonist, for example indoramin; an alpha receptor agonist; a vanilloid receptor antagonist; a renin inhibitor; a granzyme B inhibitor; a substance P antagonist; an endothelin antagonist; a norepinephrin precursor; anti-anxiety agents such as diazepam, alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide and chlorazepate; serotonin 5HT
  • an interleukin inhibitor such as an
  • the present compounds may be used in conjunction with gap junction inhibitors; neuronal calcium channel blockers such as civamide; AMPA/KA antagonists such as LY293558; sigma receptor agonists; and vitamin B2.
  • the present compounds may be used in conjunction with ergot alkaloids other than ergotamine and dihydroergotamine, for example ergonovine, ergonovine,
  • methylergonovine, metergoline, ergoloid mesylates dihydroergocornine, dihydroergocristine, dihydroergocryptine, dihydro-a-ergocryptine, dihydro-P-ergocryptine, ergotoxine, ergocornine, ergocristine, ergocryptine, a-ergocryptine, ⁇ -ergocryptine, ergosine, ergostane, bromocriptine, or methysergide.
  • the present compounds may be used in conjunction with a beta- adrenergic antagonist such as timolol, propanolol, atenolol, metoprolol or nadolol, and the like; a MAO inhibitor, for example phenelzine; a calcium channel blocker, for example flunarizine, diltiazem, amlodipine, felodipine, nisolipine, isradipine, nimodipine, lomerizine, verapamil, nifedipine, or prochlorperazine; neuroleptics such as olanzapine, droperidol, prochlorperazine, chlorpromazine and quetiapine; an anticonvulsant such as topiramate, zonisamide, tonabersat, carabersat, levetiracetam, lamotrigine, tiagabine, gabapentin, pregabalin or
  • the present compounds may be used in conjunction with a potentiator such as caffeine, an H2-antagonist, simethicone, aluminum or magnesium hydroxide; a decongestant such as oxymetazoline, epinephrine, naphazoline, xylometazoline, propylhexedrine, or levo- desoxy-ephedrine; an antitussive such as caramiphen, carbetapentane, or dextromethorphan; a diuretic; a prokinetic agent such as metoclopramide or domperidone; a sedating or non-sedating antihistamine such as acrivastine, azatadine, bromodiphenhydramine, brompheniramine, carbinoxamine, chlorpheniramine, clemastine, dexbrompheniramine, dex chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, doxylamine, loratadine, phenindamine, pheniramine,
  • the present compounds may be used in conjunction with an anti-migraine agent, such as: ergotamine or dihydroergotamine; a 5-HTi agonist, especially a 5-HTI B/ I D agonist, in particular, sumatriptan, naratriptan, zolmitriptan, eletriptan, almotriptan, frovatriptan, donitriptan, avitriptan and rizatriptan, and other serotonin agonists; and a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, such as a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, in particular, rofecoxib, etoricoxib, celecoxib, valdecoxib or paracoxib.
  • an anti-migraine agent such as: ergotamine or dihydroergotamine; a 5-HTi agonist, especially a 5-HTI B/ I D agonist, in particular, sumatriptan, naratriptan, zolmitriptan
  • the above combinations include combinations of a compound of the present invention not only with one other active compound, but also with two or more other active compounds.
  • compounds of the present invention may be used in combination with other drugs that are used in the prevention, treatment, control, amelioration, or reduction of risk of the diseases or conditions for which compounds of the present invention are useful.
  • Such other drugs may be administered, by a route and in an amount commonly used therefore, contemporaneously or sequentially with a compound of the present invention.
  • a pharmaceutical composition containing such other drugs in addition to the compound of the present invention is preferred.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention include those that also contain one or more other active ingredients, in addition to a compound of the present invention.
  • the weight ratio of the compound of the compound of the present invention to the other active ingredient(s) may be varied and will depend upon the effective dose of each ingredient. Generally, an effective dose of each will be used. Thus, for example, when a compound of the present invention is combined with another agent, the weight ratio of the compound of the present invention to the other agent will generally range from about 1000: 1 to about 1 : 1000, or from about 200: 1 to about 1 :200. Combinations of a compound of the present invention and other active ingredients will generally also be within the aforementioned range, but in each case, an effective dose of each active ingredient should be used.
  • the compound of the present invention and other active agents may be administered separately or in conjunction.
  • the administration of one element may be prior to, concurrent to, or subsequent to the administration of other agent(s), and via the same or different routes of administration.
  • the compounds of the present invention may be administered by oral, parenteral
  • intramuscular, intraperitoneal, intravenous, ICV, intracisternal injection or infusion, subcutaneous injection, or implant by inhalation spray, nasal, vaginal, rectal, sublingual, buccal or topical routes of administration and may be formulated, alone or together, in suitable dosage unit formulations containing conventional non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants and vehicles appropriate for each route of administration.
  • suitable dosage unit formulations containing conventional non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants and vehicles appropriate for each route of administration.
  • the compounds of the invention are effective for use in humans.
  • compositions for the administration of the compounds of this invention may conveniently be presented in dosage unit form and may be prepared by any of the methods well known in the art of pharmacy. All methods include the step of bringing the active ingredient into association with the carrier which constitutes one or more accessory ingredients.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions are prepared by uniformly and intimately bringing the active ingredient into association with a liquid carrier or a finely divided solid carrier or both, and then, if necessary, shaping the product into the desired formulation.
  • the active compound is included in an amount sufficient to produce the desired effect upon the process or condition of diseases.
  • composition is intended to encompass a product comprising the specified ingredients in the specified amounts, as well as any product which results, directly or indirectly, from combination of the specified ingredients in the specified amounts.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions containing the active ingredient may be in a form suitable for oral use, for example, as tablets, troches, lozenges, aqueous or oily suspensions, dispersible powders or granules, emulsions, solutions, hard or soft capsules, or syrups or elixirs.
  • compositions intended for oral use may be prepared according to any method known to the art for the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions and such compositions may contain one or more agents selected from the group consisting of sweetening agents, flavoring agents, coloring agents and preserving agents in order to provide pharmaceutically elegant and palatable preparations.
  • Tablets contain the active ingredient in admixture with non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable excipients which are suitable for the manufacture of tablets.
  • excipients may be for example, inert diluents, such as calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, lactose, calcium phosphate or sodium phosphate; granulating and disintegrating agents, for example, corn starch, or alginic acid; binding agents, for example starch, gelatin or acacia; and lubricating agents, for example magnesium stearate, stearic acid or talc.
  • the tablets may be uncoated or they may be coated by known techniques to delay disintegration and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and thereby provide a sustained action over a longer period.
  • a time delay material such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate may be employed.
  • Oral tablets may also be coated by the techniques described in the U.S. Patents 4,256,108; 4,166,452; and 4,265,874 to form osmotic therapeutic tablets for control release.
  • Oral tablets may also be formulated for immediate release, such as fast melt tablets or wafers, rapid dissolve tablets or fast dissolve films.
  • Formulations for oral use may also be presented as hard gelatin capsules wherein the active ingredient is mixed with an inert solid diluent, for example, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or kaolin, or as soft gelatin capsules wherein the active ingredient is mixed with water or an oil medium, for example peanut oil, liquid paraffin, or olive oil.
  • an inert solid diluent for example, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or kaolin
  • water or an oil medium for example peanut oil, liquid paraffin, or olive oil.
  • Aqueous suspensions contain the active materials in admixture with excipients suitable for the manufacture of aqueous suspensions.
  • excipients are suspending agents, for example sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxy-propylmethylcellulose, sodium alginate, polyvinyl-pyrrolidone, gum tragacanth and gum acacia; dispersing or wetting agents may be a naturally-occurring phosphatide, for example lecithin, or condensation products of an alkylene oxide with fatty acids, for example polyoxyethylene stearate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with long chain aliphatic alcohols, for example
  • heptadecaethyleneoxycetanol or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and a hexitol such as polyoxyethylene sorbitol monooleate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides, for example polyethylene sorbitan monooleate.
  • the aqueous suspensions may also contain one or more preservatives, for example ethyl, or n-propyl, p-hydroxybenzoate, one or more coloring agents, one or more flavoring agents, and one or more sweetening agents, such as sucrose or saccharin.
  • Oily suspensions may be formulated by suspending the active ingredient in a vegetable oil, for example arachis oil, olive oil, sesame oil or coconut oil, or in a mineral oil such as liquid paraffin.
  • the oily suspensions may contain a thickening agent, for example beeswax, hard paraffin or cetyl alcohol. Sweetening agents such as those set forth above, and flavoring agents may be added to provide a palatable oral preparation. These compositions may be preserved by the addition of an anti-oxidant such as ascorbic acid.
  • Dispersible powders and granules suitable for preparation of an aqueous suspension by the addition of water provide the active ingredient in admixture with a dispersing or wetting agent, suspending agent and one or more preservatives.
  • a dispersing or wetting agent e.g., glycerol, glycerol, glycerol, glycerol, glycerol, glycerol, glycerin, glycerin, glycerin, glycerin, glycerin, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, glycerol, glycerol, glycerol, glycerol, glycerol, glycerol, glycerol, glycerol, glycerol
  • the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention may also be in the form of oil- in-water emulsions.
  • the oily phase may be a vegetable oil, for example olive oil or arachis oil, or a mineral oil, for example liquid paraffin or mixtures of these.
  • Suitable emulsifying agents may be naturally- occurring gums, for example gum acacia or gum tragacanth, naturally- occurring phosphatides, for example soy bean, lecithin, and esters or partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides, for example sorbitan monooleate, and condensation products of the said partial esters with ethylene oxide, for example polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate.
  • the emulsions may also contain sweetening and flavoring agents.
  • Syrups and elixirs may be formulated with sweetening agents, for example glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol or sucrose. Such formulations may also contain a demulcent, a preservative and flavoring and coloring agents.
  • sweetening agents for example glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol or sucrose.
  • Such formulations may also contain a demulcent, a preservative and flavoring and coloring agents.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions may be in the form of a sterile injectable aqueous or oleagenous suspension.
  • This suspension may be formulated according to the known art using those suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents which have been mentioned above.
  • the sterile injectable preparation may also be a sterile injectable solution or suspension in a non-toxic parenterally-acceptable diluent or solvent, for example as a solution in 1,3-butane diol.
  • the acceptable vehicles and solvents that may be employed are water, Ringer's solution and isotonic sodium chloride solution.
  • sterile, fixed oils are conventionally employed as a solvent or suspending medium.
  • any bland fixed oil may be employed including synthetic mono- or diglycerides.
  • fatty acids such as oleic acid find use in the preparation of injectables.
  • the compounds of the present invention may also be administered in the form of suppositories for rectal administration of the drug.
  • These compositions can be prepared by mixing the drug with a suitable non-irritating excipient which is solid at ordinary temperatures but liquid at the rectal temperature and will therefore melt in the rectum to release the drug.
  • suitable non-irritating excipient which is solid at ordinary temperatures but liquid at the rectal temperature and will therefore melt in the rectum to release the drug.
  • Such materials are cocoa butter and polyethylene glycols.
  • transdermal patches may also be used for topical administration.
  • compositions and method of the present invention may further comprise other therapeutically active compounds as noted herein which are usually applied in the treatment of the above mentioned pathological conditions.
  • an appropriate dosage level will generally be about 0.01 to 500 mg per kg patient body weight per day which can be administered in single or multiple doses.
  • a suitable dosage level may be about 0.01 to 250 mg/kg per day, about 0.05 to 100 mg/kg per day, or about 0.1 to 50 mg/kg per day. Within this range the dosage may be 0.05 to 0.5, 0.5 to 5 or 5 to 50 mg/kg per day.
  • the compositions are may be provided in the form of tablets containing 1.0 to 1000 milligrams of the active ingredient, particularly 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0.
  • the compounds may be administered on a regimen of 1 to 4 times per day, or may be administered once or twice per day.
  • the compounds of the present invention are administered at a daily dosage of from about 0.1 milligram to about 100 milligram per kilogram of animal body weight, given as a single daily dose or in divided doses two to six times a day, or in sustained release form.
  • the total daily dosage is from about 1.0 milligrams to about 1000 milligrams, or from about 1 milligrams to about 50 milligrams. In the case of a 70 kg adult human, the total daily dose will generally be from about 7 milligrams to about 350 milligrams. This dosage regimen may be adjusted to provide the optimal therapeutic response.
  • NATIVE RECEPTOR BINDING ASSAY The binding of 125 I-CGRP to receptors in SK-N-MC cell membranes was carried out essentially as described (Edvinsson et al. (2001) Eur. J. Pharmacol. 415, 39-44). Briefly, membranes (25 ⁇ g) were incubated in 1 mL of binding buffer [10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl 2 and 0.2% bovine serum albumin (BSA)] containing 10 pM 125 I-CGRP and antagonist.
  • binding buffer 10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 5 mM MgCl 2 and 0.2% bovine serum albumin (BSA)
  • the assay was terminated by filtration through GFB glass fibre filter plates (PerkinElmer) that had been blocked with 0.5% polyethyleneimine for 3 h.
  • the filters were washed three times with ice-cold assay buffer (10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4 and 5 mM MgCl 2 ), then the plates were air dried. Scintillation fluid (50 ⁇ ) was added and the radioactivity was counted on a Topcount (Packard Instrument). Data analysis was carried out by using Prism and the K x was determined by using the Cheng-Prusoff equation (Cheng & Prusoff (1973) Biochem. Pharmacol. 22, 3099-3108).
  • RECOMBINANT RECEPTOR Human CL receptor (Genbank accession number L76380) was subcloned into the expression vector pIREShyg2 (BD Biosciences).
  • Human RAMP1 Genbank accession number AJ0010114 was subcloned into the expression vector pIRESpuro2 (BD Biosciences Clontech) as a 5'NheI and 3'NotI fragment.
  • HEK 293 cells human embryonic kidney cells; ATCC #CRL- 1573) were cultured in DMEM with 4.5 g/L glucose, 1 mM sodium pyruvate and 2 mM glutamine supplemented with 10%> fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100 units/mL penicillin and 100 ⁇ g/mL streptomycin, and maintained at 37 °C and 95%> humidity.
  • FBS fetal bovine serum
  • Stable cell line generation was accomplished by co-trans fecting 10 ⁇ g of DNA with 30 ⁇ g Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) in 75 cm flasks. CL receptor and RAMPl expression constructs were co-transfected in equal amounts. Twenty-four hours after trans fection the cells were diluted and selective medium (growth medium + 300 ⁇ g/mL hygromycin and 1 ⁇ g/mL puromycin) was added the following day. A clonal cell line was generated by single cell deposition utilizing a FACS Vantage SE (Becton Dickinson). Growth medium was adjusted to 150 ⁇ g/mL hygromycin and 0.5 ⁇ g/mL puromycin for cell propagation.
  • RECOMBINANT RECEPTOR BINDING ASSAY Cells expressing
  • I-hCGRP (GE Healthcare) and antagonist.
  • the assay was terminated by filtration through 96- well GFB glass fiber filter plates (PerkinElmer) that had been blocked with 0.05%
  • Yobsd (Ymax ⁇ Yrnvn )(%I max - /oimin / 100 + Y mi n + (Y m ax - Y mi J(T00-%Imax/100
  • Y max is total bound counts
  • Y m i n is non specific bound counts
  • (Ymax - Ymin) is specific bound counts
  • % I max is the maximum percent inhibition
  • % I min is the minimum percent inhibition
  • radiolabel is the probe
  • K d is the apparent dissociation constant for the radioligand for the receptor as determined by hot saturation experiments.
  • RECOMBINANT RECEPTOR FUNCTIONAL ASSAY Cells were resuspended in DMEM/F12 (Hyclone) supplemented with 1 g/L BSA and 300 ⁇ isobutyl-methylxanthine. Cells were then plated in a 384-well plate (Proxiplate Plus 384; 509052761 ; Perkin-Elmer) at a density of 2,000 cells/well and incubated with antagonist for 30 min at 37 °C. Human a-CGRP was then added to the cells at a final concentration of 1.2 nM and incubated an additional 20 min at 37 °C.
  • cAMP dynamic 2 assay kit 62AM4PEC; Cisbio.
  • IP inflection point
  • HATU 0-(7-azabenzotriazol- 1 -yl)-N,N,N7V'-tetramethyluronium
  • EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
  • PBPB pyridinium bromide perbromide
  • DMEM Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (High Glucose)
  • FBS fetal bovine serum
  • BSA bovine serum albumin
  • PBS phosphate-buffered saline
  • NBS N-bromosuccinimide
  • BINAP 2,2'-£z ' s(diphenylphosphino)- 1 , 1 '-binaphthalene
  • DIBAL diisobutylaluminum hydride
  • DIPEA N,N-diisopropylethylamine
  • TCCA trichloroisocyanuric acid
  • AIBN 2-2'-azobisisobutyromtril.e
  • DIAD diisopropyl azodicarboxylate
  • the compounds of the present invention can be prepared readily according to the following Schemes and specific examples, or modifications thereof, using readily available starting materials, reagents and conventional synthesis procedures. In these reactions, it is also possible to make use of variants which are themselves known to those of ordinary skill in this art but are not mentioned in greater detail.
  • the general procedures for making the compounds claimed in this invention can be readily understood and appreciated by one skilled in the art from viewing the following Schemes.
  • Scheme 2 details a similar sequence that may be used to provide 4- chloronaphthyridine intermediates such as 2.4.
  • Reaction of aminopyridine 2.1 with Meldrum's acid and triethyl orthoacetate at elevated temperature leads to the condensation product 2.2, and this may be converted to the chloronaphthyridine 2.4 using analogous chemistry to Scheme 1.
  • Similar procedures applied to other aminopyridine isomers may be used to provide alternative naphthyridine isomers.
  • Scheme 4 illustrates alternative conditions for the synthesis of compounds of the present invention.
  • the chloro heterocycle 4.1 is heated with phenol 4.2 using sodium hydride as base and N,N-dimethylformamide as solvent, to produce the desired product 4.3.
  • 2,8-Dimethyl-l,5-naphthyridin-4-ol (765 mg, 4.39 mmol) was suspended in POCI3 (20 mL) and the stirred reaction mixture was heated at 110 °C for 3 h, then cooled to ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated to remove most of the POCI 3 and the residue was poured onto ice with stirring, then extracted with CH 2 C1 2 (3 x 150 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting with a gradient of CH 2 Cl 2 :EtOAc - 100:0 to 50:50, to give the title compound.
  • 100 N-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2,6,8-trimethylquinolin-4-amine_ is formulated with sufficient finely divided lactose to provide a total amount of 580 to 590 mg to fill a size 0, hard-gelatin capsule.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des composés hétérocycliques qui sont des antagonistes des récepteurs du CGRP et qui sont utiles pour traiter ou prévenir les maladies dans lesquelles le CGRP est impliqué, notamment la migraine. L'invention concerne également des compositions pharmaceutiques contenant ces composés et l'utilisation desdits composés et compositions pour prévenir ou traiter les maladies dans lesquelles le CGRP est impliqué.
PCT/US2015/043753 2014-08-06 2015-08-05 Antagonistes hétérocycliques du récepteur du cgrp WO2016022645A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201462033850P 2014-08-06 2014-08-06
US62/033,850 2014-08-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016022645A1 true WO2016022645A1 (fr) 2016-02-11

Family

ID=55264477

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2015/043753 WO2016022645A1 (fr) 2014-08-06 2015-08-05 Antagonistes hétérocycliques du récepteur du cgrp

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2016022645A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10647713B2 (en) * 2016-10-21 2020-05-12 Nimbus Lakshmi, Inc. TYK2 inhibitors and uses thereof
US10858359B2 (en) 2016-06-07 2020-12-08 Jacobio Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. Heterocyclic ring derivatives useful as SHP2 inhibitors
US10894797B2 (en) 2018-09-18 2021-01-19 Nikang Therapeutics, Inc. Fused tricyclic ring derivatives as SRC homology-2 phosphatase inhibitors
US10988466B2 (en) 2017-03-23 2021-04-27 Jacobio Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. Heterocyclic derivatives useful as SHP2 inhibitors
US11001569B2 (en) 2016-01-22 2021-05-11 Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv 6-membered heteroaromatic substituted cyanoindoline derivatives as NIK inhibitors
US11136311B2 (en) 2016-06-30 2021-10-05 Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv Heteroaromatic derivatives as NIK inhibitors
US11168068B2 (en) 2016-07-18 2021-11-09 Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv Tau PET imaging ligands
US11180487B2 (en) 2016-01-22 2021-11-23 Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv Substituted cyanoindoline derivatives as NIK inhibitors
US11186589B2 (en) 2016-06-30 2021-11-30 Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv Cyanoindoline derivatives as NIK inhibitors
US11440898B2 (en) 2016-12-28 2022-09-13 Minoryx Therapeutics S.L. Isoquinoline compounds, methods for their preparation, and therapeutic uses thereof in conditions associated with the alteration of the activity of beta galactosidase

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013103317A1 (fr) * 2012-01-05 2013-07-11 Clanotech Ab Composés quinoléine utilisés comme inhibiteurs de l'intégrine alpha5 bêta1 anti-angiogéniques pour traiter une fibrose ou des maladies liées à une fibrose

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013103317A1 (fr) * 2012-01-05 2013-07-11 Clanotech Ab Composés quinoléine utilisés comme inhibiteurs de l'intégrine alpha5 bêta1 anti-angiogéniques pour traiter une fibrose ou des maladies liées à une fibrose

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, 2013, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 6059-31-0., "MOLBASE: 7-chloro-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)quinolin-4-amine. Molbase Chemical Dictionary" *

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11001569B2 (en) 2016-01-22 2021-05-11 Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv 6-membered heteroaromatic substituted cyanoindoline derivatives as NIK inhibitors
US11180487B2 (en) 2016-01-22 2021-11-23 Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv Substituted cyanoindoline derivatives as NIK inhibitors
US10858359B2 (en) 2016-06-07 2020-12-08 Jacobio Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. Heterocyclic ring derivatives useful as SHP2 inhibitors
US11186589B2 (en) 2016-06-30 2021-11-30 Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv Cyanoindoline derivatives as NIK inhibitors
US11136311B2 (en) 2016-06-30 2021-10-05 Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv Heteroaromatic derivatives as NIK inhibitors
US11168068B2 (en) 2016-07-18 2021-11-09 Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv Tau PET imaging ligands
US10647713B2 (en) * 2016-10-21 2020-05-12 Nimbus Lakshmi, Inc. TYK2 inhibitors and uses thereof
US11396508B2 (en) 2016-10-21 2022-07-26 Nimbus Lakshmi, Inc. TYK2 inhibitors and uses thereof
US11440898B2 (en) 2016-12-28 2022-09-13 Minoryx Therapeutics S.L. Isoquinoline compounds, methods for their preparation, and therapeutic uses thereof in conditions associated with the alteration of the activity of beta galactosidase
US10988466B2 (en) 2017-03-23 2021-04-27 Jacobio Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. Heterocyclic derivatives useful as SHP2 inhibitors
US11034705B2 (en) 2018-09-18 2021-06-15 Nikang Therapeutics, Inc. Fused tricyclic ring derivatives as Src homology-2 phosphate inhibitors
US10894797B2 (en) 2018-09-18 2021-01-19 Nikang Therapeutics, Inc. Fused tricyclic ring derivatives as SRC homology-2 phosphatase inhibitors
US11459340B2 (en) 2018-09-18 2022-10-04 Nikang Therapeutics, Inc. Tri-substituted heteroaryl derivatives as Src homology-2 phosphatase inhibitors
US11518772B2 (en) 2018-09-18 2022-12-06 Nikang Therapeutics, Inc. Fused tricyclic ring derivatives as Src homology-2 phosphate inhibitors

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9833448B2 (en) Piperidinone carboxamide azaindane CGRP receptor antagonists
US9227972B2 (en) Aliphatic spirolactam CGRP receptor antagonists
WO2016022645A1 (fr) Antagonistes hétérocycliques du récepteur du cgrp
EP2654423B1 (fr) Antagonistes azaindane carboxamides hétérocycliques fusionnés de récepteurs du cgrp
US9409916B2 (en) Piperidinone carboxamide spirohydantoin CGRP receptor antagonists
US9296750B2 (en) Spirolactam CGRP receptor antagonists
WO2016022626A1 (fr) Antagonistes hétérocycliques des récepteurs cgrp
WO2016022644A1 (fr) Antagonistes hétérocycliques des récepteurs cgrp
US9227973B2 (en) Pyridine CGRP receptor antagonists
EP2299813A1 (fr) Quinoléines 3- et 6-substituées ramifiées en tant qu antagonistes de récepteur cgrp
EP2654421B1 (fr) Indanecarboxamides condensés comme antagonistes des récepteurs du cgrp
EP2340025B1 (fr) Antagonistes des récepteurs cgrp
US20110245240A1 (en) Cgrp receptor antagonists
EP2686324B1 (fr) Antagonistes spirohydantoïnes des récepteurs cgrp de type carboxamide de pipéridine
WO2015161016A1 (fr) Antagonistes du récepteur cgrp
US20150087641A1 (en) Heterocyclic cgrp receptor antagonists

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 15830211

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 15830211

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1