WO2016022614A1 - Procédé permettant d'évaluer la santé et les prédispositions génétiques d'animaux - Google Patents

Procédé permettant d'évaluer la santé et les prédispositions génétiques d'animaux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016022614A1
WO2016022614A1 PCT/US2015/043693 US2015043693W WO2016022614A1 WO 2016022614 A1 WO2016022614 A1 WO 2016022614A1 US 2015043693 W US2015043693 W US 2015043693W WO 2016022614 A1 WO2016022614 A1 WO 2016022614A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
animal
animals
species
evaluating
information
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Application number
PCT/US2015/043693
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2016022614A8 (fr
Inventor
Christa LAFAYETTE
Henry Wilfred Lopez
Adam FREUND
Original Assignee
Lafayette Christa
Henry Wilfred Lopez
Freund Adam
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Lafayette Christa, Henry Wilfred Lopez, Freund Adam filed Critical Lafayette Christa
Publication of WO2016022614A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016022614A1/fr
Publication of WO2016022614A8 publication Critical patent/WO2016022614A8/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K29/00—Other apparatus for animal husbandry
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/027—New or modified breeds of vertebrates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K2227/00—Animals characterised by species
    • A01K2227/10—Mammal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K2267/00—Animals characterised by purpose
    • A01K2267/02—Animal zootechnically ameliorated

Definitions

  • the purchaser could rely on his own experience and those physical traits that could be easily observed. For instance, age can be estimated by an inspection of the teeth by an experienced veterinarian, prior to the purchase of a horse.
  • hooves and joint condition can be checked visually, the coat can be checked for overall condition and any parasites, and other traits can be evaluated physically, visually and behaviorally.
  • horses and dogs fall into this category. Horses are trained in dressage, jumping, racing, reining, pulling carts and carriages, trial, cutting, ranch, vaulting, endurance and so on. Dogs are trained and evaluated for field events, police work, military work, search and rescue, farm work, and even as guide dogs for the deaf, blind, and mentally disabled. For example, greyhounds are utilized in track racing.
  • the present invention is several methods which are based upon the gathering of information from various sources and using that information to: a. assess the existing skills of the animal, b. the likelihood of that animal developing a serious or deadly disease or pathology, c. assessing the likelihood that the animal will respond to training directed towards developing a desired skill and d.
  • another method of the present invention is to determine the optimum breeding pair from one or more stallions (males) and one or more mares (females) based upon a predetermined set of selection criteria. Such criteria might be size, color, dressage skills, rodeo skills, jumping height, ability as a draught horse, thoroughbred racing and other valuable or desired traits.
  • Fig. 1 is an example of a judge's score card from an equestrian event
  • Fig. 2 is a sample of one page from one embodiment of a an owner's survey; and Fig. 3 discloses depictions of a normal horse and two horses suffering from Lordosis.
  • the present invention includes the following methods of generating information pertaining to various animals which can include show horses, quarter horses, and thoroughbreds. Though the following discussion is directed toward horses, the present invention can also be used with other valuable animals including but not limited to cattle (colloquially cows), sheep, dogs, camels, cats, pigs, and goats .
  • the methods enable the gathering of information which can be used in
  • Each of these methods is based upon a compilation of one or more of the following five categories of scores which are obtained from 1) DNA/genetics analysis, 2) a compilation of show scores, 3) Conformation 4) Owner/trainer provided information about the horse and 5)
  • genes that indicate health and disease conditions or disease predispositions can include but are not limited to:
  • genes for performance and abilities include, but are not limited to:
  • FIG. 1 An example a judge's score card for horses (Fig. 1) and behavioral survey of an owners horse (Fig. 2) show the type of subjective and behavioral information that will be gathered and then correlated with the DNA data gathered as described below. As much behavioral information as possible is collected for each horse that will be tested. Typically 100-10,000 horses will be tested for each trait or condition of interest.
  • DNA samples will be collected and analyzed from the same horses from which behavioral data (show scores and owner/trainer feedback) has been gathered.
  • the DNA samples can be collected from several types of tissues including, but not limited to hair, blood, saliva, buccal swabs, reproductive cells, skin samples and nail/hoof clippings.
  • the samples will be extracted and tested for various genetic markers by various analytical techniques that are known to one skilled in the art. Some behavioral traits have already been associated with certain genome sequences but those associations are not definitive.
  • the analytical protocol of the present invention would include standard sequencing across the whole the length of one or more gene sequences or regions that are suspected or anticipated to be associated with a behavioral trait.
  • the existence of single nucleotide polymorphisms, duplications, deletions and mutations in those sequences would be isolated and identified.
  • DNA from a particular animal can be used to identify the genetic markers present in that animal and thus allows for the evaluation of the predisposition of that animal to exhibit those behaviors and posses those capabilities associated with those genetic markers.
  • Such traits can include, but are not limited to high and low jumping skills, style, speed, endurance for short, medium or long distances, skill in multiple jumps, temperament, height at maturity, gait style, ability to perform in a given discipline, work ethics, neurosis, strengths, disease predisposition or resistance, and other traits.
  • This information will be very valuable in terms of horse value determination, assigning stud fees, discipline suitability, and selecting breeding pairs or cross-matches (in the event there are multiple stallions or mares to one horse as a potential match).
  • the proper training regimen can be selected in order to maximize the horse's development while minimizing stress and illness.
  • Conformation deals with the physical attributes of the horse and evaluates the horse's bone structure, musculature and body proportions in relation to each other and the intended use of the horse.
  • a horse that is to be used a draught animal would need to have a different confirmation that one that will be used as a jumper or a cutting horse.
  • Conformational traits may be measured in angles for shoulder, hip and neck set, as well as back length, leg length, pastern length and angle, height and weight, head and ear shape, musculature, hoof shape and hardness, shoulder versus hip height, and other characteristics.
  • Questionnaires have been generated which gather information from owners about specific behavior and skills for their horses. Questionnaires are directed to a number of traits which include, but are not limited to, spooking, jumping skill, speed, dressage, temperament and gaits or gait quality/ability.
  • questionnaires relating to the health of the horse are also gathered.
  • Such questionnaires could include, but are not limited to information about the respiratory system, digestive system, lameness, and bacterial, fungal or viral susceptibility. See Fig. 2 for on page from an example of an owner's questionnaire.
  • CBC Complete Blood Count which includes white blood cell count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin level, hematocrit, platelet count and other blood cell morphology evaluations and measurements.
  • IL-6 interleukin 6
  • organ function e.g., kidney, liver and muscle
  • IL-6 assays can identify chronic inflammatory conditions in older horses. Increased IL-6 values in humans correlate with greater/earlier mortality and cardiovascular complications.
  • DNA related tests such as the assay of telomere length provides additional insights into the present and future health of the animal which may include biological age, underlying health or disease, as well as prior health and possible lifespan.
  • Imaging techniques such as X-rays, computerized tomography (CT) scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to gather sophisticated data about the condition and health of the horse.
  • CT computerized tomography
  • MRI magnetic resonance imaging
  • Fibrinogen - This test is currently utilized in the detection of acute inflammation and may provide a measure of exercise status (too much, too little). Owners and trainers can then adjust the horses' exercise regimen specific to the animal tested.
  • Fecal Ulcer PCR - This test may provide a non-invasive, early diagnosis for ulcer onset and the results of which can provide the caregiver an appropriate solution, possibly preventing progression and unnecessary medication.
  • Transthyretin An assay that provides short-term nutritional status by measuring the concentration of transthyretin in the blood. Transthyretin's concentration more closely reflects recent dietary intake rather than overall nutritional status providing a glimpse into the proper feeding regimen for the animal athlete being monitored.
  • Each of the criteria is given a weighted value in terms of calculating the overall Performance Index.
  • the value assigned to each of these five categories is based upon the intended use of the animal which dictates the type of Performance Index that will be generated. Furthermore the value assigned is a subjective measurement assigned by the experienced technician and based upon that technician's knowledge, the database information collected on that animal, its current experience, performance, and the type of Performance Index being generated.
  • Performance Index Report for a jumping horse.
  • the Performance Index is based upon gathering the information needed to evaluate a jumping horse. This would include specific gene assays, lab tests and owner survey questionnaires directed to the traits needed for a good jumping horse.
  • the overall Performance Index for this example would be 82/100 which is the arithmetic average of all of the values in the third column.
  • Each Performance Index is designed to assess certain and specific traits. In order to achieve that, specific factors in each of the five categories are used. For example, Conformation would be judged differently for horse that would have different uses.
  • the Owner Feedback Questionnaires would ask different questions if the horse were to be a dressage horse as opposed to a reining, cutting, racing, or a jumping horse.
  • a Performance Index can be repeated at desired intervals in order to measure the health, aging and training effectiveness of an animal.
  • the information obtained from the five categories discussed about can be used for other purposes such as Breeding Cross-Match Evaluations. Many times a horse owner is looking to obtain a horse with certain characteristics. It is possible to evaluate a specific mare and stallion to determine what the likelihood of the offspring of that breeding or cross would yield a horse having the specific characteristic that the owner is looking for. It may be color, temperament, size, conformation, speed, height, disease avoidance or soundness as well as any other characteristic that can be measured as described in the five categories given above. It may also be a situation in which the owner already owns a horse and wants to identify a breeding animal that would provide the best chance of the desired offspring.
  • the breed matching database would then be searched for horses with those qualifications as potential matches to the planned breeding:
  • a mare with Red coat (genetically denoted as “e/e") and Sprint Type myostatin genes (genetically denoted as “C/C”) could be matched with a stallion whose genetic Sprint type was also "C/C", his base coat color as "e/e” however, he would ALSO need to have the Cream modifier (denoted as "Cr”) in order to produce the Palomino color in the foal:
  • the function of the Breed Match is to utilize the genetic analysis, performance information, math and science to increase probabilities of the desired offspring while reducing the probabilities of inducing disease and unwanted animals.
  • a breed match service will reveal the alleles/sets or alleles in any given region(s) having to do with the desired/undesired trait and provide the safest/best breeding options for any given animal in a simple cross-match chart. For example:
  • TEST INFO (YourHorse is a fictitious name used to protect the confidentiality of the owner and horse as given in the actual report provided below.)
  • YourHorse is a black or dark bay horse with the capability of passing on the colors Black (E), Red (e), and white markings (DW20 - the coat pattern allele that may add white markings to her coat and appear similar to "Splashed White”) to offspring. While many forms of white can be lethal to foals when inherited from both parents, the DW20 variety is known not to be lethal as either homozygous (two copies of the same gene) or heterozygous (one copy from one parent and none from the other).
  • Black/Red +/- Ee Black Factor detected Red Factor detected
  • a critical element of the present invention involves the combination of many various clinical tests in a single panel that can be ordered and paid for from a single vendor.
  • an owner would need to arrange for tests with a wide range of vendors in order to achieve the comprehensive set of data that the panel of the present invention provides by itself and many of the tests are simply not available on the market today.
  • questions and follow-up can be conducted with the single vendor. This facilitates comprehensive discussion and
  • the methods of the described invention can be applied to a wide range of other animals including but not limited to cattle, sheep, goats, dogs, camels, cats, pigs, goats as well companion, laboratory and service animals.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des procédés basés sur la collecte d'informations issues de différentes sources et concernant des animaux. Les informations sont basées sur des tests en laboratoire, des analyses génétiques et des observations provenant de propriétaires et/ou d'entraîneurs et concernant différents traits pouvant être facilement observés. Sur la base de cette collection d'informations, un procédé génère un indice de performance qui note ou classe un animal en termes de capacité de l'animal à fonctionner pour le but prévu. D'autres procédés concernent la possibilité de sélectionner une paire reproductrice optimale parmi un ou plusieurs étalons et/ou une ou plusieurs juments susceptibles de produire une descendance présentant les traits souhaités.
PCT/US2015/043693 2014-08-04 2015-08-05 Procédé permettant d'évaluer la santé et les prédispositions génétiques d'animaux WO2016022614A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US201462033093P 2014-08-04 2014-08-04
US62/033,093 2014-08-04

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WO2016022614A1 true WO2016022614A1 (fr) 2016-02-11
WO2016022614A8 WO2016022614A8 (fr) 2016-03-10

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2621382C1 (ru) * 2016-04-11 2017-06-05 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение высшего образования Южно-Уральский государственный аграрный университет Способ определения рабочих качеств служебных собак
CN108684610A (zh) * 2018-05-31 2018-10-23 贵州省仁怀市尚德养殖有限公司 一种山羊养殖方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107484712B (zh) * 2017-08-28 2020-01-31 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 一种山羊的防病饲养方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040235061A1 (en) * 2001-05-24 2004-11-25 Wilkie Bruce N. Methods for selecting and producing animals having a predicted level of immune response, disease resistance or susceptibility, and/or productivity
WO2008034177A1 (fr) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-27 The University Of Sydney Test de performances équines
US20110262915A1 (en) * 2008-09-11 2011-10-27 Emmeline Hill Method for predicting the athletic performance potential of a subject
US8771943B2 (en) * 2008-09-11 2014-07-08 University College Dublin—National University of Ireland, Dublin Method for predicting athletic performance potential

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040235061A1 (en) * 2001-05-24 2004-11-25 Wilkie Bruce N. Methods for selecting and producing animals having a predicted level of immune response, disease resistance or susceptibility, and/or productivity
WO2008034177A1 (fr) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-27 The University Of Sydney Test de performances équines
US20110262915A1 (en) * 2008-09-11 2011-10-27 Emmeline Hill Method for predicting the athletic performance potential of a subject
US8771943B2 (en) * 2008-09-11 2014-07-08 University College Dublin—National University of Ireland, Dublin Method for predicting athletic performance potential

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2621382C1 (ru) * 2016-04-11 2017-06-05 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение высшего образования Южно-Уральский государственный аграрный университет Способ определения рабочих качеств служебных собак
CN108684610A (zh) * 2018-05-31 2018-10-23 贵州省仁怀市尚德养殖有限公司 一种山羊养殖方法

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