WO2016020734A1 - Tyre comprising a thermoplastic elastomer layer with a lateral edge - Google Patents

Abstract

A tyre consisting of a tyre carcass comprising two sidewalls (2), a crown area (3) suitable for receiving, radially on the outside, a tread (4), said carcass also comprising a circumferential tread support surface provided with a layer of TPE, on which there is disposed a tread provided with an outer face and an inner face forming a bearing surface also covered with a layer of TPE attached to the adjacent layer of elastomer composition of the tread, said tread being attached against the circumferential tread support surface of the carcass, the layers of TPE of the tread and of the carcass extending laterally to either side of the junction area formed by the two layers of TPE in order to form edges (30, 31) attached against the sidewalls of the carcass and tread.

Description

 PNEUMATIC COMPRISING AN ELASTOMER LAYER

 THERMOPLASTIC WITH LATERAL REBORD

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a tire consisting of a tire carcass comprising two sidewalls, an apex area adapted to receive, radially externally, a tread, the inner surface of the sidewalls and the top forming an inner wall, said carcass also comprising a circumferential tread support surface provided with a TPE layer, on which is disposed a tread provided with an outer face and an inner face forming a bearing surface covered with a layer of tread TPE attached to the adjacent layer of tread elastomer composition, said tread being secured against the circumferential tread support surface of the carcass.

STATE OF THE PRIOR ART

The patent application WO 2009/139449 A1 proposes a radial carcass tire which comprises at least one carcass layer which connects the beads a belt layer disposed on the outer periphery of the carcass layer, and a tread disposed. on the outer periphery of the belt layer, wherein the tread has a layered structure comprising a tread layer of the rubber side surface, a layer side rubber layer, and a thermoplastic film layer interposed therebetween which consists of a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic elastomer composition obtained by mixing a thermoplastic resin with an elastomer. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a retreaded tire of the radial tire whose tread is worn, the method comprising softening the thermoplastic film layer by heating, separating and removing the rubber layer strip. rolling of the surface of the side for forming a tire casing, and then bonding a rubber surface tread layer on the fresh surface of the tire casing.

JP 2011042091 proposes to reduce the production cost of a tire using a thermoplastic material to a tire skeleton member. The pneumatic skeleton member is formed with a thermoplastic material, and the rubber cushion (uncured rubber) is disposed on the peripheral surface of the skeleton member. The vulcanized or semi-vulcanized tread rubber is disposed outside the steering tire diameter of the cushion rubber. The periphery of the tread is covered with a band-shaped retainer to urge the tread to the side of the pneumatic skeleton member to form a temporarily assembled article. The assembled article is temporarily held in a container, and vulcanization is effected by heating the interior of the container, so that the tread rubber is adhered to the pneumatic member.

The patent application JP 2011042229 proposes to ensure a uniform and stable joint surface on a common part of a tire skeleton member formed of a thermoplastic material with a tread.

Document FR 2954333 discloses a radial tire for a motor vehicle, comprising a top surmounted by a tread provided with at least one radially outer elastomeric layer intended to come into contact with the road during the rolling of the tire, two inextensible beads, two flanks connecting the beads to the tread, a carcass reinforcement passing in both sides and anchored in the beads. The tire further comprises a radially inner elastomeric layer called a formulation sublayer, which is different from the formulation of the radially outer elastomeric layer, this underlayer being disposed between the radially outer layer and the belt, the said sub-layer comprising a rubber composition comprising at least one diene elastomer, a reinforcing filler and more than 10 phr of a styrenic thermoplastic copolymer (called TPS elastomer) hydrogenated. This rubber composition makes it possible to obtain tire underlays that significantly improves the compromise between rolling resistance and road behavior of the tires.

US2966936 discloses a tire retreading method in which is applied to the used tire a previously vulcanized tread. Between the two elements, a layer of a non-vulcanized binder element is applied before the final assembly. The assembly is then vulcanized again in a chamber specifically provided for this purpose. This process is relatively complex to implement and involves a new vulcanization phase after final assembly of the new tread.

These different systems involve complex and expensive processes, and provide uncertain results with regard to the adhesion characteristics between the tread and the carcass.

To overcome these disadvantages, the invention provides different technical means.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

 Firstly, a first object of the invention is to provide a device or a method for simplifying the retreading and decapping operations, in particular for use with tires for passenger cars or motor vehicles. personal vehicles.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device or method for performing operations of retreading and retreading favoring retreaded tires whose adhesion characteristics between the tread and the carcass are particularly favorable, stable and sustainable. To do this, the invention provides a tire comprising two axial ends, and comprising:

 a carcass comprising two flanks, two beads, and an apex zone provided with a radially outer surface and two axial side walls, said top zone comprising at least one sheet, and

 a tread radiaiement external to said crown zone and comprising two axial lateral walls,

said radially outer surfaces of said carcass and inner radii of said tread forming a junction zone comprising two axial ends,

said carcass and said tread being made of an elastomeric composition, said carcass and said tread being joined to each other through a TPE surface formed by a first layer of TPE; extending axially on said radially outer surface of the carcass and by a second layer of TPE extending axially on said radially inner surface of the tread.

The first and second layers of TPE overflow at the two axial ends of said junction zone so as to form two outer edges adhering to the two side walls of said carcass and said tread.

Such an architecture reduces the risk of delamination of the tread from one or the other of the outer edges of the latter.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the TPE layer consists of SBS or SBS / EPP.

According to another advantageous embodiment, the TPE layer is crosslinked with the adjacent layer of carcass elastomer composition and / or tread. The co-crosslinking of the TPE layer with the mixtures of Pneumatic tire rubber by vulcanization showed an extremely positive and robust effect. The crosslinking is done with the agents present in the tire (sulfur and accelerator usual in the rubber mixtures of the tires). These agents are absent in the TPE layer when the tire blank is produced, before baking. The low migration of these agents during cooking allows a crosslinking sulfur in the interface TPE / gum and the product TPE is not crosslinked in the mass.

According to another embodiment, the TPE layer is bonded against the adjacent layer of crown elastomer composition.

Preferably, the tread is attached to the carcass by heat-sealing. For example, the tread is fixed to the carcass removably (by means of thermal energy applied at the interface between the two elements to be disassembled).

Advantageously, the first and second thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) layers have a thickness of between 10 μπι and 2 mm, and more preferably between 10 μπι and 200 μιη, and even more preferentially between 10 μιη and 80 μιη. μπι.

According to yet another advantageous embodiment, the outer edges of the carcass and the tread extend over a length of between 1 mm and 10 mm, and more preferably between 1 mm and 5 mm.

Advantageously, the carcass comprises a carcass reinforcement structure, preferably provided with radial and / or longitudinal reinforcements.

The invention also provides a carcass for a tire as previously described. The invention also provides a tread for a tire as previously described.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

 All the details of embodiment are given in the description which follows, supplemented by FIGS. 1 to 10, presented solely for purposes of non-limiting examples, and in which:

 FIGS. 1A to 1E schematically illustrate the concept implemented in the context of the present invention, with a carcass and a tread forming a new tire in 1A, a tread tire used in FIG. 1B, the recess (Destroying) of the tread used in Figure 1C, the laying of a new tread (retreading) in Figure 1D, and the retreaded tire in Figure 1E;

 FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a carcass provided with a layer of thermoplastic elastomer at the zone of interface with the tread;

 - Figure 3 schematically shows a tire in two parts according to the invention;

 FIG. 4 shows an architectural variant of the tire of FIG. 3;

 FIGS. 5A and 5B schematically show examples of crown zone architecture with various positions of the reinforcements;

 FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic representation of a tread according to the invention;

 FIGS. 7A and 7B schematically show the molding mode of a tread such as that illustrated in FIG. 6;

 FIGS. 8A and 8B schematically show variants of treads with the circumferential reinforcements provided in the TPE layer (FIG. 8A) or in the layer of rubber material (FIG. 8B);

 FIG. 9A illustrates an embodiment in which the TPE layers interfaced between the tread and the carcass terminate radially at the same level as the tread;

FIG. 9B illustrates an embodiment in which the layers of TPE which interface between the tread and the carcass extend radially beyond beyond the tread with the protruding portions not being crosslinked with the adjacent rubbery areas;

 FIG. 9C illustrates an embodiment according to the invention in which the layers of TPE which interface between the tread and the carcass extend radially beyond the tread before molding and vulcanization, so that the molding allow a curing of the borders with the adjacent rubbery areas;

 - Figure 10 is a diagram illustrating the molding of the configuration of Figure 9C with a protective membrane.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Quick retreading system

 Figures 1A to 1E schematically illustrate the basic principle of the device and the method implemented in the context of the present invention, which consist in arranging, in the tire in the new state (Figure 1A), a layer of thermoplastic elastomer material (TPE), specifically intended for the operations of decapping and retreading. With this new architecture, these latter operations can now be performed much more quickly and easily when necessary on a worn tire (Figures 1B and 1C).

Indeed, once the worn tire, the following operations can be easily and quickly performed:

 - The TPE layer is softened by the effect of heat, thus making the tread untreated after wear very easy (Figure 1C);

 - Once the tread separated from the rest of the tire, the carcass obtained has on the surface of a layer of TPE specifically adapted to receive a new tread;

- The renewal of the tread (Figures 1D and 1E) is done by adding a new tread which also has a layer of TPE. By heating the assembly and maintaining the tread in contact with the carcass with a certain pressure (Figure 1D), the tread remains adhered to the carcass, with a strong and durable adhesion. The main advantages of this architecture and this method are:

 - the speed of operations, which do not require carding to remove the tread, nor vulcanization after the laying of the new tread, as is customary with the current retreading systems;

 - The high accuracy of the operation of dechabering, because of the separation zone specifically provided and delineated from the design of the tire. This precise delimitation makes it possible to control and reduce the amount of elastomer composition (or gum) left on the carcass. This last aspect is very favorable for the endurance of the tire and limits the fuel consumption;

 - the carrying out of the retreading and retreading operations at the point of sale and / or the replacement of the tires renders obsolete the inventory management and the logistics inherent to the monitoring of the carcasses;

 the tire comprising a TPE layer is difficult to demold with a conventional method. Indeed, the TPE layer is softened in the baking press and mold release comprising the tread pattern exerts a radial force on the tread which may cause takeoff of the tread. One possible solution is to cool the tire in the press before demolding. This action is very unfavorable from an energy point of view and is unrealistic on an industrial level. The solution of the invention overcomes this disadvantage.

Thus the design of the tire according to the invention is provided in two parts: a part designated by the term "carcass" and another designated by the term "tread". i) Carcass for making a new tire or with a pre-used carcass

As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the tire is manufactured in two parts: a carcass and a tread. The tire is manufactured in two parts: a carcass and a tread. A carcass is a tire that has no tread. It is useful to consider the carcasses at two points in the life of the tire, either with a new tire or with a tire whose tread is worn.

These two parts are assembled to produce the final tire. The carcass used is either newly manufactured, or obtained by decapping the tread of a used tire whose tread is worn. This operation can be performed after wear of the tread to place a new tread on the carcass obtained by decapping.

In both cases, the carcass 1 comprises beads 17, flanks 2 and a crown area 3 for connecting the two sides 2 by their radially outer portion. The carcass 1 advantageously comprises one or more carcass reinforcement 5 and crown 7, a possible reinforcement at 0 °, as a standard tire.

However, it does not have tread. Instead of the latter, the radially outer region intended to come into contact with a tread is provided with a layer of thermoplastic elastomer material (TPE) as described below.

The TPE layer may have a thickness of the order of 0.2 to 1 mm. Advantageously, this layer is of reduced thickness, between 10 and 200 μ and even more advantageously between 10 and 80 μ. Excellent endurance results were obtained during internal tests with a TPE layer between 20 and 50 μ.

The materials used successfully are SBS / PEP and the ctSBctS being α-methylstyrene.

The carcass is advantageously manufactured by molding in a baking press / vulcanization. The press can be cooled to promote the formation of a TPE layer without defects. Advantageously between the carcass blank and its insertion into the baking mold, is introduced a thermoplastic interlayer, resistant to the cooking temperature. This material is advantageously used (without this enumeration being exhaustive) such as: ETFE (Ethyltetrafluoroethylene), PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene), FEP (Ethylene Propylene Fluoride), PFA (perfluoroalkoxy), PMP (Polymethylpentene) or PA (Polyamide).

The films used advantageously have a thickness less than 100 μπι and more preferably between 25 and 50 μιη.

To promote the molding, particularly avoiding the formation of gas bubbles on the surface, it is advantageous to provide a rough surface condition during molding.

Such a surface state can be obtained for example:

 - With elements cut in the mold as streaks, a depth less than 0.5 mm and preferably less than 0.3 mm. Advantageously, the channels are connected to each other so as to form a network;

 - thanks to the use of a velvet type mold;

 - thanks to the use of a fabric in contact with the surface of the mold.

The tread support surface obtained by means of this architecture and this method has a surface roughness which is favorable for bonding between the carcass and the tread. ii) Tread (architecture and molding):

 Figures 6 to 8 illustrate examples of treads.

The tread 4 is mainly composed of a rubber composition comprising at least one elastomer and a filler. Any type of filler usually used for the manufacture of tires, for example an organic filler such as carbon black, a filler, can be used. inorganic such as silica, or a blend of these two types of filler, in particular a black carbon and silica blend.

The radially lower face of the tread is provided with a layer of thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) 8. The presence of this layer of thermoplastic elastomer 8 allows an assembly with a carcass 1 also comprising a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) layer on its radially outer surface 6.

To perform the molding while preventing the TPE adheres to the walls of the mold, a release film 12 is disposed in the mold. Advantageously thermoplastic films resistant to the cooking temperature are used. For tires of passenger vehicles, the melting or softening temperature of the plastic must be greater than 180 ° C, and preferably greater than 200 ° C. Advantageously used (without this enumeration being exhaustive) materials such as: ETFE (Ethyltetrafluoroethylene), PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene), FEP (Fluorinated Etylene Propylene), PFA, (Perfluoroalkoxy), PMP (Polymethylpentene) or PA (Polyamide).

The films used advantageously have a thickness of less than 100 μιτι and more preferably between 25 and 50 μιη.

The molding of the tread 4 is performed with a radially outer mold member 10 which has the tread patterns of the tread and a radially inner mold member 11. The radially inner mold 11 is intended to mold the surface of TPE which is (totally or partially) in contact with the TPE zone of the carcass to make a thermal bonding (often referred to as "hot melt" in English).

As for the carcass, to promote the molding particularly avoiding the formation of gas bubbles on the surface, it is advantageous to give a rough surface condition during molding. Such a surface state can be obtained for example:

 - With elements cut in the mold as streaks, a depth less than 0.5 mm and preferably less than 0.3 mm. The mold with surface streaks can be teflon. Advantageously, the channels are connected to each other so as to form a network;

 - thanks to the use of a velvet type mold;

 - thanks to the use of a fabric in contact with the surface of the mold.

The tread obtained has a surface roughness which is favorable for bonding between the carcass and the tread.

Figure 7A illustrates an exemplary embodiment in which a film 12 is disposed between the mold and the TPE layer.

Figure 7B illustrates a variant in which a fabric 13 is also provided, advantageously under the film 12. The fabric may be made of PA, polyester or other, and preferably have a thickness between 0.1 and 1 mm.

Alternatively, pressure drop cycles are performed during molding to promote degassing and thus promote a better quality of molding.

Still alternatively, the use of the previous device (with fabric or striated mold) allows to make a good quality molding by reducing the pressure drop cycles. iii) Variant embodiments with the positioning of the carcass / tread separation zone

In the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3, the respective TPE layers of the carcass and the tread are provided in such a way that that the tread is devoid of reinforcements [Figure 3), these being provided at the carcass [Figure 2).

Figures 4, 5A and 5B illustrate various variants in which the boundary between these two elements and provided according to other architectures. For example, in FIG. 4, the carcass comprises the carcass reinforcements provided from one bead to the other, and the tread accommodates the other reinforcements such as the crown reinforcements. The examples of FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate other architectural variants in which the crown reinforcements are distributed between the tread and the carcass [FIG. 5A], or concentrated at the level of the tread [FIG. 5B]. These various variants provide various advantages depending on the desired performance on the one hand, but also with regard to the possibilities of controlling the good quality of the reinforcements of the carcass before a possible retreading. Moreover, in the case where the reinforcements are concentrated at the level of the tread, their removal before retreading makes it possible to avoid any prolonged use of reinforcements having undergone any oxidation.

In another variant using a double layer of circumferential reinforcements, the boundary is advantageously between these two layers of reinforcements. iv) TPE adhesive area at the edge of the tread and / or the carcass

During the retreading operation, a source of thermal energy is applied. Thanks to this heat, the TPE layers of the tread 8 and the carcass 6 are softened and brought into contact under a certain pressure, given for example with a membrane. This pressure is advantageously greater than 0.5 bar, more preferably greater than 1 bar and even more advantageously between 1.5 and 4 bar. The TPE material becomes soft or viscous under the effect of heat may flow to the shoulder, may even out of the interface area or contact between the tread and the carcass. For example, if the TPE adhesive layer is dimensioned so as to end exactly at the level of the stop of the tread and / or the carcass (FIG. 9a), in the lateral contact zones, the TPE escaping from the interface zone to the shoulder then comes into contact with the previously vulcanized rubber of the tread and / or the carcass. In such a case, the adhesion between the vulcanized elastomeric composition and the TPE is low, which may lead to consequences during the subsequent use of the retreaded tire. Indeed, a crack initiation is likely to occur at the end of the lateral layer of TPE material. This primer can then propagate in the layer between the tread and the carcass and cause their separation for example during driving.

The solution according to the invention is illustrated in FIG. 9C. It consists of manufacturing the tread 4 and the carcass 1 with a layer of TPE material which exceeds the cold contact zone between these two elements during retreading, so as to form flanges 30 and 31 respectively fixed against the side walls adjacent carcass and tread. Thus, in these areas of overshoot, the TPE bonding on elastomer composition is a strong and durable bonding since it is made in the mold between the unvulcanized elastomeric composition and the TPE. This bonding is advantageously a crosslinking with sulfur (co-vulcanization) of the gums and the TPE.

As shown in Figure 10, the pressure between the two elements to be assembled is advantageously applied through a membrane 32. Such an arrangement allows the TPE material to occupy the required space between the tire and it.

The bonding between the TPE and the rubber in the mold during vulcanization is a very strong and enduring bonding. This is not the case of the bonding between the TPE and the vulcanized rubber. The case is similar in the case of using a membrane used to apply the pressure. This membrane can be removed very easily after the retreading operation. v) Materials

 The term "phr" means in the sense of the present patent application, part by weight per hundred parts of elastomer, thermoplastic and non-thermoplastic combined. For the purposes of the present invention, thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) are part of the elastomers.

On the other hand, any range of values designated by the expression "between a and b" represents the range of values from more than a to less than b (i.e., terminals a and b excluded) while any range of values designated by the expression "from a to b" means the range from a to b (that is, including the strict limits a and b).

1. Composition of the underlay

 The tire according to the invention has the essential feature of being provided with an elastomer layer called "sublayer" of different formulation of the outer portion, carved, of the tread, said underlayer comprising minus a thermoplastic elastomer, said thermoplastic elastomer being a block copolymer comprising at least one elastomer block and at least one thermoplastic block, and the total content of thermoplastic elastomer being in a range of from 65 to 100 phr (parts by weight per cent parts of elastomer].

1.1. Thermoplastic elastomer (TPE)

Thermoplastic elastomers (abbreviated as "TPE") have an intermediate structure between thermoplastic polymers and elastomers. They are block copolymers, made up of rigid, thermoplastic blocks, connected by flexible blocks, elastomers. The thermoplastic elastomer used for the implementation of the invention is a block copolymer whose chemical nature of thermoplastic blocks and elastomers may vary.

1.1.1.Structure of the TPE

 The number-average molecular weight (denoted Mn) of the TPE is preferably between 30,000 and 500,000 g / mol, more preferably between 40,000 and 400,000 g / mol. Below the minima indicated, the cohesion between the elastomer chains of the TPE, in particular because of its possible dilution (in the presence of an extension oil), is likely to be affected; on the other hand, an increase in the temperature of use may affect the mechanical properties, including the properties at break, resulting in reduced performance "hot". Moreover, a too high mass Mn can be penalizing for the implementation. Thus, it has been found that a value within a range of 50,000 to 300,000 g / mol is particularly well suited, especially to the use of TPE in a tire undercoat composition.

The number-average molecular weight (Mn) of the TPE elastomer is determined in a known manner by steric exclusion chromatography (SEC). For example, in the case of thermoplastic styrene elastomers, the sample is solubilized beforehand in tetrahydrofuran at a concentration of approximately 1 g / l; then the solution is filtered on 0.45 μπι porosity filter before injection. The apparatus used is a "WATERS alliance" chromatographic chain. The elution solvent is tetrahydrofuran, the flow rate 0.7 ml / min, the system temperature 35 ° C and the analysis time 90 min. A set of four WATERS columns in series, of trade names "STYRAGEL"("HMW7","HMW6E" and two "HT6E") is used. The injected volume of the solution of the polymer sample is 100 μΐ. The detector is a "WATERS 2410" differential refractometer and its associated software for the exploitation of chromatographic data is the "WATERS MILLENIUM" system. The Calculated average molar masses relate to a calibration curve made with polystyrene standards. The conditions are adaptable by those skilled in the art.

The value of the polydispersity index Ip (booster: Ip = Mw / Mn with Mw weight average molecular weight and n number average molecular weight) of the TPE is preferably less than 3; more preferably less than 2 and even more preferably less than 1.5.

In the present application, when reference is made to the glass transition temperature of the TPE, it is the Tg relative to the elastomeric block. The TPE preferably has a glass transition temperature ("Tg") which is preferably less than or equal to 25 ° C, more preferably less than or equal to 10 ° C. A value of Tg higher than these minima can reduce the performance of the underlayer when used at very low temperatures; for such use, the Tg of the TPE is more preferably still less than or equal to -10 ° C. Also preferably, the Tg of the TPE is greater than -100 ° C.

In known manner, the TPEs have two glass transition temperature peaks (Tg, measured according to ASTM D3418), the lowest temperature being relative to the elastomeric portion of the TPE, and the highest temperature being relative. to the thermoplastic part of the TPE. Thus, the soft blocks of the TPEs are defined by a Tg lower than the ambient temperature (25 ° C), while the rigid blocks have a Tg greater than 80 ° C.

To be of both elastomeric and thermoplastic nature, the TPE must be provided with sufficiently incompatible blocks (that is to say different because of their mass, their polarity or their respective Tg) to maintain their own properties of elastomer or thermoplastic block. The TPE may be copolymers with a small number of blocks (less than 5, typically 2 or 3), in which case these blocks preferably have high masses, greater than 15000 g / mol. These TPEs can be, for example, diblock copolymers, comprising a thermoplastic block and an elastomer block. They are often also triblock elastomers with two rigid segments connected by a flexible segment. The rigid and flexible segments can be arranged linearly, star or connected. Typically, each of these segments or blocks often contains at least more than 5, usually more than 10 base units (e.g., styrene units and butadiene units for a styrene / butadiene / styrene block copolymer).

The TPEs may also comprise a large number of blocks (more than 30, typically from 50 to 500) smaller, in which case these blocks preferably have low masses, for example from 500 to 5000 g / mol, these TPEs will be called multiblock TPEs later, and are a sequence of elastomeric blocks - thermoplastic blocks.

In a first variant, the TPE is in a linear form. For example, TPE is a diblock copolymer: thermoplastic block / elastomeric block. The TPE can also be a triblock copolymer: thermoplastic block / elastomer block / thermoplastic block, that is to say a central elastomer block and two terminal thermoplastic blocks, at each of the two ends of the elastomeric block. Also, the multiblock TPE can be a linear sequence of elastomeric blocks - thermoplastic blocks.

According to another variant of the invention, the TPE useful for the purposes of the invention is in a star shape at least three branches. For example, the TPE may then consist of a stellate elastomer block with at least three branches and a thermoplastic block, located at the end of each of the branches of the elastomeric block. The number of branches of the central elastomer can vary, for example from 3 to 12, and preferably from 3 to 6. According to another variant of the invention, the TPE is in a branched or dendrimer form. The TPE can then consist of a connected elastomeric block or dendrimer and a thermoplastic block, located at the end of the branches of the dendrimer elastomer block.

1.1.2. Nature of elastomeric blocks

 The elastomeric blocks of the TPE for the purposes of the invention may be all the elastomers known to those skilled in the art. They generally have a Tg less than 25 ° C, preferably less than 10 ° C, more preferably less than 0 ° C and very preferably less than -10 ° C. Also preferably, the TPE block elastomer block is greater than -100 ° C.

For the carbon chain elastomer blocks, if the elastomer portion of the TPE does not contain ethylenic unsaturation, it will be a saturated elastomer block. If the elastomeric block of the TPE comprises ethylenic unsaturations (that is to say carbon-carbon double bonds), then we will speak of an unsaturated or diene elastomer block.

A saturated elastomer block consists of a polymer block obtained by the polymerization of at least one (that is to say one or more) ethylenic monomer, that is to say comprising a double bond carbon - carbon. Among the blocks derived from these ethylenic monomers, mention may be made of polyalkylene blocks such as ethylene-propylene or ethylene-butylene random copolymers. These saturated elastomeric blocks can also be obtained by hydrogenation of unsaturated elastomeric blocks. It may also be aliphatic blocks from the family of polyethers, polyesters, or polycarbonates.

In the case of saturated elastomer blocks, this elastomeric block of the TPE is preferably composed mainly of ethylenic units. By a majority, is meant a weight ratio of ethylenic monomer higher than the total weight of the elastomer block, and preferably a weight ratio of more than 50%, more preferably of more than 75% and even more preferably of more than 85%.

Conjugated C4 -C dienes may be copolymerized with the ethylenic monomers. In this case, it is a question of random copolymers. Preferably, these conjugated dienes are chosen from isoprene, butadiene, 1-methylbutadiene, 2-methylbutadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2,4-dimethyl-1,3- butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 3-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 4-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1 , 3-pentadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-hexadiene, 3-methyl-1,3-hexadiene, 4-methyl-1,3-hexadiene, 5-methyl-3-methyl-1,3-hexadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-hexadiene, 2,4-dimethyl-1,3-hexadiene, 2,5-dimethyl-1,3-hexadiene, 2-neopentylbutadiene, 1,3-cyclopentadiene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 1-vinyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene or a mixture thereof. More preferentially, the conjugated diene is chosen from butadiene or isoprene or a mixture containing butadiene and isoprene.

In the case of unsaturated elastomer blocks, this elastomeric block of the TPE is preferably composed mainly of a diene elastomer part. By a majority, is meant a weight ratio of the highest diene monomer relative to the total weight of the elastomer block, and preferably a weight content of more than 50%, more preferably of more than 75% and even more preferably of more than 85%. %. Alternatively, the unsaturation of the unsaturated elastomer block can come from a monomer comprising a double bond and a cyclic unsaturation, this is the case for example in polynorbornene.

[0081] Preferably, conjugated dienes, C ₄ - Ci ₄ may be polymerized or copolymerized to form a diene elastomer block. Preferably, these conjugated dienes are chosen from isoprene, butadiene, piperylene, 1-methylbutadiene, 2-methylbutadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3- butadiene, 2,4-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 3-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 4-methyl-1 , 3-pentadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene, 2,5-dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene, 2-methyl-1,4-pentadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-hexadiene, 2-methyl-1,5-hexadiene, 3-methyl-1,3-hexadiene, 4-methyl-1,3-hexadiene, 5-methyl-1, 3-hexadiene, 2,5-dimethyl-1,3-hexadiene, 2,5-dimethyl-2,4-hexadiene, 2-neopentyl-1,3-butadiene, 1,3-cyclopentadiene, methylcyclopentadiene 2-methyl-1,6-heptadiene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 1-vinyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene or a mixture thereof. More preferably, the conjugated diene is isoprene or butadiene or a mixture containing isoprene and / or butadiene.

According to one variant, the monomers polymerized to form the elastomer portion of the TPE may be randomly copolymerized with at least one other monomer so as to form an elastomer block. According to this variant, the molar fraction of polymerized monomer other than an ethylenic monomer, relative to the total number of elastomeric block units, must be such that this block retains its elastomer properties. Advantageously, the molar fraction of this other comonomer may range from 0 to 50%, more preferably from 0 to 45% and even more preferably from 0 to 40%.

By way of illustration, this other monomer capable of copolymerizing with the first monomer can be chosen from the ethylenic monomers as defined above (for example ethylene), the diene monomers, more particularly the conjugated diene monomers having 4 to 14 carbon atoms as defined above (for example butadiene), the monomers of the vinylaromatic type having from 8 to 20 carbon atoms as defined below or else it may be a monomer such as vinyl acetate).

When the comonomer is of vinylaromatic type, it advantageously represents a fraction in units on the total number of units of the thermoplastic block of 0 to 50%, preferably ranging from 0 to 45% and even more preferentially ranging from 0 to 40%. As vinylaromatic compounds especially suitable styrene monomers mentioned above, namely methylstyrenes, para-tert-butylstyrene, chlorostyrenes, bromostyrenes, fluorostyrenes or para-hydroxy-styrene. Preferably, the vinylaromatic comonomer is styrene.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the elastomeric blocks of the TPE have in total a number-average molecular weight ("Mn") ranging from 25,000 g / mol to 350,000 g / mol, preferably from 35,000 g / mol to 250,000 g / mol so as to give the TPE good elastomeric properties and sufficient mechanical strength and compatible with the use of underlayer tire.

The elastomer block may also be a block comprising several types of ethylenic, diene or styrenic monomers as defined above.

The elastomeric block may also consist of several elastomeric blocks as defined above.

1 .1.3.Nature of thermoplastic blocks

For the definition of the thermoplastic blocks, the glass transition temperature characteristic (Tg) of the thermoplastic rigid block will be used. This characteristic is well known to those skilled in the art. It allows in particular to choose the temperature of industrial implementation (transformation). In the case of an amorphous polymer (or a polymer block), the processing temperature is chosen to be substantially greater than the Tg of the thermoplastic block. In the specific case of a semi-crystalline polymer (or a polymer block), a melting point can be observed, then greater than the glass transition temperature. In this case, it is rather the melting temperature (Tf) which makes it possible to choose the implementation temperature of the polymer (or polymer block) considered. So, afterwards, when we talk of "Tg (or Tf, if any)", it will be necessary to consider that it is about the temperature used to choose the temperature of implementation.

For the purposes of the invention, the TPE elastomers comprise one or more thermoplastic block (s) preferably having a Tg (or Tf, where appropriate) greater than or equal to 80 ° C. and consisting of ) from polymerized monomers. Preferably, this thermoplastic block has a Tg (or Tf, if applicable) in a range of 80 ° C to 250 ° C. Preferably, the Tg (or Tf, if appropriate) of this thermoplastic block is preferably from 80 ° C to 200 ° C, more preferably from 80 ° C to 180 ° C.

The proportion of the thermoplastic blocks with respect to the TPE, as defined for the implementation of the invention, is determined firstly by the thermoplastic properties that must present said copolymer. Thermoplastic blocks having a Tg (or Tf, if appropriate) greater than or equal to 80 ° C are preferably present in proportions sufficient to preserve the thermoplastic nature of the elastomer according to the invention. The minimum level of thermoplastic blocks having a Tg (or Tf, if any) greater than or equal to 80 ° C in the TPE may vary depending on the conditions of use of the copolymer. On the other hand, the ability of the TPE to deform during tire preparation can also contribute to determining the proportion of thermoplastic blocks having a Tg (or Tf, if any) greater than or equal to 80 ° C.

Thermoplastic blocks having a Tg (or Tf, if appropriate) greater than or equal to 80 ° C may be made from polymerized monomers of various kinds, in particular, they may constitute the following blocks or mixtures thereof:

 polyolefins (polyethylene, polypropylene);

 polyurethanes;

 polyamides;

 polyesters;

polyacetals; polyethers (polyethylene oxide, polyphenylene ether);

 phenylene polysulfides;

 polyfluoro (FEP, PFA, ETFE);

- polystyrenes (detailed below);

 polycarbonates;

 polysulfones;

 polymethyl methacrylate

 - polyetherimide

 thermoplastic copolymers such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS).

The thermoplastic blocks having a Tg (or Tf, where appropriate) greater than or equal to 80 ° C. can also be obtained from monomers chosen from the following compounds and their mixtures:

 Pacenaphthylene: one skilled in the art can for example refer to the article by Z. Fodor and J.P. Kennedy, Polymer Bulletin 1992 29 (6) 697-705;

 indene and its derivatives such as, for example, 2-methylindene, 3-methylindene, 4-methylindene, dimethylindene, 2-phenylindene, 3-phenylindene and 4-phenylindene; those skilled in the art will for example be able to refer to the patent document US4946899, by the inventors Kennedy, Puskas, Kaszas and Hager and to the documents JE Puskas, G. Kaszas, JP Kennedy, WG Hager Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry (1992) 30, 41 and JP Kennedy, N. Meguriya, B. Keszler, Macromolecules (1991) 24 (25), 6572-6577;

 isoprene, then leading to the formation of a number of polyisoprene units 1, 4-trans and cyclized units according to an intramolecular process; those skilled in the art can for example refer to the documents G. Kaszas, J. E. Puskas, .P. Kennedy Applied Polymer Science (1990) 39 (1) 19-194 and J. E. Puskas, G. Kaszas, J.P. Kennedy, Acromolecular Science, Chemistry A28 (1991) 65-80.

Polystyrenes are obtained from styrenic monomers. By styrene monomer is to be understood in the present description any monomer comprising styrene, unsubstituted as substituted; from substituted styrenes may be mentioned, for example, methylstyrenes (for example δ-methylstyrene, m-methylstyrene or p-methylstyrene, alpha-methylstyrene, alpha-2-dimethylstyrene, alpha-4-dimethylstyrene or diphenylethylene), para-tert-butylstyrene, chlorostyrenes (e.g. o-chlorostyrene, m-chlorostyrene, p-chlorostyrene, 2,4-dichlorostyrene, 2,6-dichlorostyrene or 2,4,6-trichlorostyrene ), bromostyrenes (e.g., o-bromostyrene, m-bromostyrene, p-bromostyrene, 2,4-dibromostyrene, 2,6-dibromostyrene or 2,4,6-tribromostyrene), fluorostyrenes (e.g. Γο-fluorostyrene, m-fluorostyrene, p-fluorostyrene, 2,4-difluorostyrene, 2,6-difluorostyrene or 2,4,6-trifluorostyrene) or para-hydroxy-styrene.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the weight content of styrene in the TPE elastomer is between 5% and 50%. Below the minimum indicated, the thermoplastic nature of the elastomer is likely to decrease significantly while above the maximum recommended, the elasticity of the underlayer can be affected. For these reasons, the styrene content is more preferably between 10% and 40%.

According to a variant of the invention, the polymerized monomer as defined above may be copolymerized with at least one other monomer so as to form a thermoplastic block having a Tg (or Tf, if appropriate) as defined. above.

By way of illustration, this other monomer capable of copolymerizing with the polymerized monomer may be chosen from diene monomers, more particularly conjugated diene monomers having 4 to 14 carbon atoms, and vinylaromatic-type monomers having from 8 to 20 carbon atoms, as defined in the part relating to the elastomeric block.

According to the invention, the thermoplastic blocks of TPE have in total a number-average molecular weight ("Mn") ranging from 5,000 g / mol to 150 000g / mol, so as to give the TPE good elastomeric properties and sufficient mechanical strength and compatible with the use of underlayer tire.

The thermoplastic block may also consist of several thermoplastic blocks as defined above.

1.1.4. Examples of TPE

 For example, the TPE is a copolymer whose elastomer portion is saturated, and comprising styrenes blocks and alkylene blocks. The alkylene blocks are preferably ethylene, propylene or butylene. More preferably, this TPE elastomer is chosen from the following group, consisting of diblock copolymers, linear or starred triblocks: styrene / ethylene / butylene (SEB), styrene / ethylene / propylene (SEP), styrene / ethylene / ethylene / propylene (SEEP ), styrene / ethylene / butylene / styrene (SEBS), styrene / ethylene / propylene / styrene (SEPS), styrene / ethylene / ethylene / propylene / styrene (SEEPS), styrene / isobutylene (SIB), styrene / isobutylene / styrene ( SIBS) and mixtures of these copolymers.

According to another example, the TPE is a copolymer whose elastomer part is unsaturated, and which comprises styrenic blocks and diene blocks, these diene blocks being in particular isoprene or butadiene blocks. More preferably, this TPE elastomer is chosen from the following group, consisting of diblock copolymers, linear or starred triblocks: styrene / butadiene (SB), styrene / isoprene (SI), styrene / butadiene / isoprene (SBI), styrene / butadiene / styrene (SBS), styrene / isoprene / styrene (SIS), styrene / butadiene / isoprene / styrene (SBIS) and mixtures of these copolymers.

For example, the TPE is a linear or star-shaped copolymer whose elastomer part has a saturated part and an unsaturated part such as for example styrene / butadiene / butylene (SBB), styrene / butadiene / butylene / styrene (SBBS) or a mixture of these copolymers.

Among the multiblock TPEs, mention may be made of copolymers comprising random copolymer blocks of ethylene and propylene / polypropylene, polybutadiene / polyurethane (TPU), polyether / polyester (COPE), polyether / polyamide (PEBA).

It is also possible that the TPEs exemplified above are mixed together in the underlayer according to the invention.

As examples of commercially available TPE elastomers, mention may be made of the elastomers of the SEPS, SEEPS or SEBS type sold by the company Kraton under the name "raton G" (eg products G1650, G1651, G1654, G1730) or Kuraray under the name "Septon" (eg "Septon 2007", "Septon 4033", "Septon 8004"); or the SIS type elastomers marketed by Kuraray, under the name "Hybrar 5125", or marketed by Kraton under the name "D1161" or else the linear SBS elastomers marketed by Polimeri Europa under the name "Europrene SOLT 166" or Star SBS marketed by Kraton under the name "D1184". Mention may also be made of the elastomers marketed by Dexco Polymers under the name "Vector" (e.g. "Vector 4114", "Vector 8508"). Among the multiblock TPEs, mention may be made of the "Vistamaxx" TPE marketed by Exxon; the COPE TPE marketed by the company DS under the name "Arnitel", or by the company Dupont under the name "Hytrel", or by the company Ticona under the name "Riteflex"; TPE PEBA marketed by Arkema under the name "PEBAX"; TPU TPE marketed by the company Sartomer under the name "TPU 7840", or by the company BASF under the name "Elastogran".

1.1.5. Quantity of TPE If any other elastomers (non-thermoplastic) are used in the composition, the thermoplastic elastomer (s) (TPE) constitute the majority fraction by weight; they then represent at least 65%, preferably at least 70% by weight, more preferably at least 75% by weight of all the elastomers present in the elastomer composition. Also preferably, the TPE elastomer (s) represent (s) at least 95% (in particular 100%) by weight of all the elastomers present in the elastomer composition.

Thus, the total amount of TPE elastomer is in a range that varies from 65 to 100 phr, preferably from 70 to 100 phr, and in particular from 75 to 100 phr. Also preferably, the composition contains from 95 to 100 phr of TPE elastomer. The TPE elastomer or elastomers are preferably the one or only elastomers of the underlayer.

1.2 Non-Thermoplastic Elastomer

 The thermoplastic elastomer or elastomers described above are sufficient on their own for the usable sublayer according to the invention.

The composition of the underlayer according to the invention may comprise at least one (that is to say one or more) diene rubber as non-thermoplastic elastomer, this diene rubber may be used alone, or in cutting with at least one (i.e. one or more) other non-thermoplastic rubber or elastomer.

The optional total non-thermoplastic elastomer level is in a range from 0 to 35 phr, preferably from 0 to 30 phr, more preferably from 0 to 25 phr, and even more preferably from 0 to 5 phr. . Also preferably, the underlayer of the tire according to the invention does not contain a non-thermoplastic elastomer. By "elastomer" or "diene" rubber, it is to be understood in a known way (one or more elastomers derived from at least a part (ie a homopolymer or a copolymer) of monomers dienes (monomers bearing two double bonds carbon - carbon, conjugated or not).

These diene elastomers can be classified into two categories: "essentially unsaturated" or "essentially saturated".

The term "essentially unsaturated" is generally understood to mean a diene elastomer derived at least in part from conjugated diene monomers, having a proportion of units or units of diene origin (conjugated dienes) which is greater than 15% (% by weight). mole). In the category of "essentially unsaturated" diene elastomers, the term "highly unsaturated" diene elastomer is particularly understood to mean a diene elastomer having a content of units of diene origin (conjugated dienes) which is greater than 50%.

Thus diene elastomers such as certain butyl rubbers or copolymers of dienes and alpha olefins EPDM type can be qualified as "substantially saturated" diene elastomers (low or very low diene origin ratio). low, always less than 15%).

Given these definitions, the term "diene elastomer" is understood to mean, whatever the category above, which may be used in the compositions according to the invention:

 (a) - any homopolymer obtained by polymerization of a conjugated diene monomer having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms;

 (b) - any copolymer obtained by copolymerization of one or more conjugated dienes with each other or with one or more vinyl aromatic compounds having from 8 to 20 carbon atoms;

(c) - a ternary copolymer obtained by copolymerization of ethylene, an α-olefin having 3 to 6 carbon atoms with a non-conjugated diene monomer having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms, for example elastomers obtained from ethylene, propylene with a nonconjugated diene monomer of the aforementioned type such as in particular 1,4-hexadiene, ethylidene norbornene, dicyclopentadiene;

 (d) - a copolymer of isobutene and isoprene (butyl diene rubber), as well as the halogenated versions, in particular chlorinated or brominated, of this type of copolymer.

[00115] Any type of diene elastomer can be used in the invention. When the composition contains a vulcanization system, essentially unsaturated elastomers, in particular types (a) and (b) above, are preferably used for the manufacture of the underlayer of the tire according to the present invention.

By way of conjugated dienes 1,3-butadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene and 2,3-di (C 1 -C 3) alkyl-1,3-butadienes, for example 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2,3-diethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2-methyl-3-ethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2-methyl-3-isopropyl- 1,3-Pentadiene, 2,4-hexadiene, 1,3-butadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, vinylaromatic compounds are suitable for example styrene, ortho-, meta-, para- methylstyrene, the commercial mixture "vinyl-toluene", para-tert-butylstyrene, methoxystyrenes, chlorostyrenes, vinylmesitylene, divinylbenzene, vinylnaphthalene.

The copolymers may contain between 99% and 20% by weight of diene units and between 1% and 80% by weight of vinylaromatic units. The elastomers may have any microstructure which is a function of the polymerization conditions used, in particular the presence or absence of a modifying and / or randomizing agent and the amounts of modifying and / or randomizing agent used. The elastomers may for example be prepared in dispersion or in solution; they may be coupled and / or starred or functionalized with a coupling agent and / or starring or functionalization. For coupling with carbon black, functional groups may for example be mentioned comprising a C-Sn bond or amine functional groups such as benzophenone for example; for coupling to a reinforcing inorganic filler such as silica, mention may be made, for example, of silanol or polysiloxane functional groups having a silanol end (as described, for example, in FR 2,740,778 or US Pat. No. 6,013,718), alkoxysilane groups (such as as described for example in FR 2,765,882 or US 5,977,238), carboxylic groups (as described for example in WO 01/92402 or US 6,815,473, WO 2004/096865 or US 2006/0089445) or groups polyethers (as described for example in EP 1 127 909 or US Pat. No. 6,503,973). As other examples of functionalized elastomers, mention may also be made of elastomers (such as SBR, BR, NR or IR) of the epoxidized type.

1.3. Thermoplastic polymer based on polyether

The underlayer described above may optionally comprise, in addition to the constituents presented above, one or more thermoplastic polymers based on polyether. When they are present in the composition, it is preferred that the total content of thermoplastic polymers based on polyether be less than 40 phr, preferably between 2 and 35 phr, more preferably between 5 and 30 phr, and very preferably between 10 and 25 pce. These thermoplastic polymers may in particular be polymers of poly (para-phenylene ether) (abbreviated as "EPP"). These thermoplastic polymers PPE are well known to those skilled in the art, they are solid resins at room temperature (20 ° C) compatible with styrenic polymers, which have in particular used to increase the Tg of TPE elastomers whose thermoplastic block is a styrenic block (see for example "Thermal, Mechanical and Morphological Analyzes of Poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) / Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Blends", Tucker, Barlow and Paul, Macromolecules, 1988, 21, 1678-1685). 1.4. Nanometric or reinforcing charge

 The thermoplastic elastomer described above is sufficient on its own for the usable sublayer of the invention, nevertheless a reinforcing filler can be used in the composition.

When a reinforcing filler is used, it is possible to use any type of filler usually used for the manufacture of tires, for example an organic filler such as carbon black, an inorganic filler such as silica, or a cutting of these two types of filler, including a cut of carbon black and silica.

When an inorganic reinforcing filler is used, it is possible for example to use in known manner a coupling agent (or bonding agent) at least bifunctional intended to ensure a sufficient connection, chemical and / or physical, between the inorganic filler (surface of its particles) and the elastomer, in particular organosilanes or bifunctional polyorganosiloxanes.

1.5. Various additives

 The sub-layer described above may furthermore comprise the various additives usually present in the sub-layers known to those skilled in the art. For example, one or more additives chosen from protective agents such as antioxidants or antiozonants, anti-UV agents, the various agents of implementation or other stabilizers, or the promoters able to promote the adhesion to the rest of the structure will be chosen. of the pneumatic object. Preferably, the underlayer does not contain all these additives at the same time and even more preferably, the underlayer contains none of these agents.

Also and optionally, the composition of the sublayer of the invention may contain a crosslinking system known to those skilled in the art. Preferably, the composition does not contain a crosslinking system. In the same way, the composition of the underlayer of the invention may contain one or more inert micrometric fillers such as lamellar fillers known to those skilled in the art. Preferably, the composition contains no micron charge.

Optionally also, the composition of the underlayer of the invention may contain a plasticizer, such as an extender oil (or plasticizing oil) or a plasticizing resin whose function is to facilitate the implementation. of the underlayer, particularly its integration with the tire by a lowering of the module and an increase in the tackifying power. When the composition comprises, it is preferred that the level of plasticizer varies from 0 to 80 phr, more preferably from 0 to 50 phr, more preferably still from 0 to 30 phr, and in particular less than 10 phr, according to the Tg and the module. targeted for the underlayment. According to a preferred variant of the invention, the composition of the underlayer does not contain a plasticizer.

In addition to the previously described elastomers, the composition of the underlayer may also comprise, in a minority weight fraction relative to the block elastomer, thermoplastic polymers other than those based on polyether. It is preferred that the composition does not contain such thermoplastic polymers other than those based on polyether, or when present in the composition, it is preferred that the total content of thermoplastic polymers other than those based on polyether is less than 30. pce, preferably less than 10 phr. Very preferably, the composition is devoid of such thermoplastic polymers other than those based on polyethers, or contains less than 5 phr.

2. Preparation of the underlayer and the tire according to the invention The TPE elastomers can be implemented in the usual manner for TPE, by extrusion or molding, for example from a raw material available in the form of beads or granules.

The underlayer for the tire according to the invention is prepared in the usual manner, for example, by incorporating the various components into a twin-screw extruder, so as to carry out the melting of the matrix and an incorporation of all the components. ingredients, then use a die to make the profile.

This underlayer may be mounted on a tire in the usual manner, said tire comprising in addition to the underlayer necessary for the purposes of the invention, a tread, a crown and a crown reinforcement, and preferably, two flanks and two beads, and a carcass reinforcement anchored to the two beads and extending from one side to the other.

It will be remembered that in the tire according to the invention, the possibility of easy decapping is represented by the difference between the elastic modulus ratio at 200 ° C. and at 60 ° C. of the underlayer and that of the layers. adjacent, when the following equation is satisfied with each of the adjacent layers:

GA ('200 ° C) xGA ('60 ° C) xGB (' 200 ° C) xGB ('60 ° C) ≤0.6 where GAT represents the elastic component of the shear modulus of the undercoat at the temperature T, and GB'T represents the elastic component of the shear modulus of the layer adjacent to the sub-layer at the temperature T. Indeed, when this equation is verified, it is understood that the underlayer will soften much more before 200 ° C as the adjacent layer, which is an important condition for easy decompression. Preferably, the difference between the elastic modulus ratio at 200 ° C. and at 60 ° C. of the underlayer and that of the adjacent layers is such that the following equation is verified:

GA ('200 ° C) xG A (' 60 ° C) xGB ('200 ° C) xGB ('60 ° C) ≤0.5

And more preferably, the difference between the elastic modulus ratio at 200 ° C. and at 60 ° C. of the underlayer and that of the adjacent layers is such that the following equation is verified:

GA ( '200 ° C) XGA ('60 ° C) XGB (' 200 ° C) XGB ('60 ° C) ≤0,45

According to the targeted pneumatic applications, it may be preferable for the underlayer to have elastic modulus properties such that the following equation is satisfied:

 GA (Ί 00 ° C) xGA ('60 ° C)> 0.4

Indeed, a low elastic modulus variation between 60 ° C and 100 ° C is a good indicator that the underlayer has not softened too much at these temperatures, which is desirable for proper operation. of the tire, in particular if it is intended for tires of passenger vehicles or heavy vehicles, which have an operating temperature exceeding 60 ° C.

Preferably, the underlayer has elastic modulus properties such that the following equation is verified:

GA (Ί 00 ° C) xGA ('60 ° C)> 0.5

Preferably, the underlayer has elastic modulus properties such that the following equation is verified:

GA (Ί 00 ° C) xGA ('60 ° C)> 0.6

Preferably, the underlayer has elastic modulus properties such that the following equation is verified:

GA (Ί 00 ° C) xGA ('60 ° C)> 0.7 The layers adjacent to the tread sub-layer are typically the tread on the one hand and on the other hand the belt (or crown reinforcement) of the tire.

In the case where the tread underlayer is located inside the tread of origin, it is understood that the two adjacent layers are on the one hand the upper part of the tread (radially external, subject to decapping) and secondly the lower part (radially internal to the underlayer) of the original tread. In this case, it is possible that the two adjacent layers of the underlayer are of the same nature, or of a different nature.

Whatever the chemical nature of the adjacent layers, the equation presented above must be verified for the invention to work properly.

According to a preferred embodiment, the adjacent layers may consist of compositions based on diene elastomers, which are well known to those skilled in the art, and such as those defined above as optional elastomers. complementary thermoplastic elastomers of the underlayer.

Such adjacent layers are described in numerous patents well known to those skilled in the art and generally comprise, in addition to the diene elastomers described above, additives such as those described above for the composition of the sub-compound. layer and especially reinforcing fillers, such as silica and / or carbon black, plasticizers in the form of oil or plasticizing resin, a crosslinking system and other additives well known to those skilled in the art such as as antioxidants.

[00142] According to another preferred embodiment, the adjacent layers may also consist of elastomer-based compositions. thermoplastics or comprising thermoplastic elastomers, and in particular this may be the case of the tread.

According to yet another preferred embodiment, one of the adjacent layers may be a layer consisting of a composition based on diene elastomer (in particular the tire belt) while the other adjacent layer may consist of a composition based on thermoplastic elastomer (in particular the tread).

[00144] Alternatively, the possibility of easy decapping is also represented by the difference between the elastic modulus variation between 60 ° C. and 200 ° C. of the underlayer and that of the adjacent layers, when the following equation is verified. with each of the adjacent layers:

EA ( '200 ^o C) xe ('60 ^o C) xeb (' 200 ° C) xeb ('60 ° C) ≤0,6 wherein ΕΆ (Τ) GA'Treprésente the elastic component of the shear modulus of the sub-layer at the temperature T, and E'B (T) GB represents the elastic component of the shear modulus of the layer adjacent to the sublayer at the temperature T. In this case the module E '(T] is measured in compression.

[00145] Thus, the invention can be defined by replacing the equation comprising the module ratios G 'with the equation above comprising the ratios of modules E'. The same embodiments can be envisaged and the preferences indicated above apply mutatis mutandis.

Reference numbers used in the figures

Carcass

flanks

Summit area

Tread

Carcass reinforcement (reinforcement structure)

Second layer of TPE (thermoplastic elastomer layer on the radially outer surface of a carcass)

Summit frames

First layer of TPE (thermoplastic elastomer layer on the radially lower face of the tread)

Mold radially outside

Mold radially inside

Non-stick film

Tissue

beads

Outside edge

Outside edge

Membrane

Claims

 A tire having two axial ends, and comprising:

 a carcass comprising two flanks (2), two beads, and a crown zone (3) provided with a radially outer surface and two axial lateral walls, said crown zone comprising at least one ply, and

 a tread (4) radially external to said crown zone and comprising two axial lateral walls,

said radially outer surfaces of said carcass and radially inner of said tread forming a junction zone comprising two axial ends,

said carcass and said tread being made of an elastomeric composition,

characterized in that said carcass and said tread are joined to each other through a TPE surface (6,8) formed by a first layer of TPE (8) extending axially on said radially outer surface of the carcass, and a second layer of TPE (6) extending axially on said radially inner surface of the tread,

and in that the first and second TPE layers (8, 6) project at both axial ends of said joining zone so as to form two outer edges (30, 31) adhering to both side walls of said carcass and said web rolling.

The tire of claim 1, wherein the TPE layer is made of SBS or SBS / EPP.

3. The tire according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the TPE layer is crosslinked with the adjacent layer of carcass elastomer composition and / or tread.

4. The tire according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the TPE layer is glued against the adjacent layer of crown elastomer composition.

5. A tire according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tread is attached to the carcass by heat sealing.

6. A tire according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the tread is fixed to the carcass removably.

7. A tire according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first and the second layer of thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) have a thickness of between 10 μπι and 2 mm.

8. A tire according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first and the second layer of thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) have a thickness between 10 μιη and 200 μηι.

9. A tire according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first and the second layer of thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) have a thickness of between 10 μιη and 80 μπι.

10. A tire according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the outer edges of the carcass and the tread extend over a length of between 1 mm and 10 mm.

11. A tire according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the outer edges of the carcass and the tread extend over a length of between 1 mm and 5 mm.

12. A tire according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the carcass comprises a carcass reinforcement structure (5), preferably provided with radial and / or longitudinal reinforcements.

Tire carcass according to one of claims 1 to 12.

Tire tread according to one of claims 1 to 12.