WO2016006994A1 - Dispositif électronique de surveillance en ligne de l'humidité du papier d'un transformateur de puissance soumis à une surcharge et diagnostic du temps sécurisé d'exploitation de celui-ci, et procédé correspondant - Google Patents

Dispositif électronique de surveillance en ligne de l'humidité du papier d'un transformateur de puissance soumis à une surcharge et diagnostic du temps sécurisé d'exploitation de celui-ci, et procédé correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016006994A1
WO2016006994A1 PCT/MX2015/000100 MX2015000100W WO2016006994A1 WO 2016006994 A1 WO2016006994 A1 WO 2016006994A1 MX 2015000100 W MX2015000100 W MX 2015000100W WO 2016006994 A1 WO2016006994 A1 WO 2016006994A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transformer
electronic device
paper
temperature
oil
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/MX2015/000100
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English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Berenice BAHENA DE LEÓN
Enrique BETANCOURT RAMÍREZ
Alberth PASCACIO DE LOS SANTOS
David PONCE DE NOYOLA
Original Assignee
Prolec Ge Internacional, S. De R.L. De C.V.
Instituto De Investigaciones Eléctricas
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Prolec Ge Internacional, S. De R.L. De C.V., Instituto De Investigaciones Eléctricas filed Critical Prolec Ge Internacional, S. De R.L. De C.V.
Publication of WO2016006994A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016006994A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection

Definitions

  • the present invention is located in the field of electronics. Specifically, the present invention relates to an electronic device designed to monitor and determine in line, the humidity in the role of a power transformer, preferably columns type, and diagnose the safe operating time, in which the transformer can be subjected at an overload, without the risk of generating water vapor bubbles inside the transformer;
  • the electronic device also has two microcontrollers where two mathematical models are implemented to determine the percentage of moisture in the paper and the temperature of bubble generation, in addition to a third model with which the percentage of life loss of the transformer is estimated and the maximum Hot Spot temperature reached during the application of the overload.
  • the insulating system (paper and oil) degrades over time, this process depends on the thermal and electrical conditions to which it is subjected, as well as factors such as water or oxygen that can be introduced into the system accelerating its aging process.
  • changes in temperature cause the migration of moisture between the paper and the oil.
  • the humidity migrates from the paper to the oil and when the temperature drops, the humidity returns to the paper.
  • This phenomenon modifies the dielectric properties of insulating paper and produces accelerated paper aging, increasing the risk of transformer failure conditions.
  • US Patent 8, 149, 003 describes a system that allows determining the moisture content of a transformer, said system comprises the steps of measuring the dielectric properties and the insulation temperature depending on the frequency of a voltage which is applied to the transformer; apply different dielectric responses; and apply a formula by which dielectric responses and / or dielectric properties are determined, however this measurement is performed offline.
  • US 7,516,651 refers to a method for determining the water content of a solid insulator in a specific place within a transformer, said method comprising determining the temperature of a solid insulator, calculating the relative humidity saturation of the oil, calculate the last water content and calculate the recent water content, said measurement is done online.
  • Patent OS 6, 779, 385 shows a device for monitoring the moisture content of a solid dielectric material within an enclosure, said material immersed in a dielectric fluid; the device comprises means for measuring humidity, means for measuring temperature and electronic circuit means for capturing data regarding the level of humidity, in this case the calculation is made based on the variation of the solubility of the water with respect to the temperature, the humidity in the oil and the temperature of the oil.
  • the international application WO / 2007/038845 describes a system for measuring and monitoring the amount of moisture of insulating oil in transformers, said system comprises a sensor module that is in contact with the oil and an interface of the module, which allow the measurement and Oil moisture monitoring, the system allows you to program limit values so that when these are exceeded a series of alarms is activated, the measurement is done online.
  • EP 2, 348, 307 refers to a device and method for in-line diagnostics and control of the dielectric behavior of transformers using an online reader of the relative humidity of the oil and its temperature, which determines the dielectric strength of the oil which allows a change in the operating regime of a transformer to effectively prevent any decrease in the dielectric strength of the oil below the limits required by the standard.
  • an objective of the present invention is to provide an electronic device to determine the ability to safely hold the temporary overload conditions and their application time in a power transformer, in addition to a timely diagnosis for the prevention of failures already which determines the moisture content in insulating paper of the coils, without the need to take out the operating transformer, as well as the temperature of bubble generation, which minimizes the risk of a Possible catastrophic damage to the equipment.
  • a further objective of the present invention is to provide an electronic device that uses a second mathematical model by means of which, with the result of the percentage of humidity determined by the previous model, it can estimate the time limit in which a transformer can be subjected to an overload before it exceeds the temperature threshold for generating water vapor bubbles.
  • processing unit in which the mathematical models with which calculations are made to estimate the percentage of moisture content in the paper are implemented.
  • the mathematical models with which calculations are made to estimate the percentage of moisture content in the paper are implemented.
  • the distribution of humidity in the axial height of the coils in addition to the calculation of the bubble generation temperature and the estimation of the loss of life thanks to the maximum Hot Spot temperature which is also calculated in the processing unit; the other, exclusively carries out communication processes, protocols and storage in memory.
  • an objective of the present invention is to provide an electronic device that uses a graphical interface where the maximum overload time applied to a power transformer can be evaluated, without exceeding the temperature where the generation of steam bubbles will begin of water due to the moisture content in the insulating paper of the coils, as well as estimating the percentage of loss of life and the maximum hot spot temperature reached in the overload.
  • Figure 1 refers to the variables introduced in real time to the microcontroller through analog signals.
  • Figure 2 shows a block diagram of the electronic conceptual design of the device
  • Figure 3 shows a block diagram that indicates the logical sequence that the microcontroller follows to execute the mathematical algorithms of the models.
  • Figure 4 shows a block diagram with respect to the input variables used by the mathematical model to calculate the maximum hot spot temperature and the percentage of life loss of the transformer.
  • Figure 5 shows a block diagram with respect to the input variables to the mathematical algorithm and the flow chart executed by the microcontroller to calculate the percentage of paper humidity of the coils and the humidity in the paper in 4 thermal zones distributed equidistantly at the height of the winding.
  • Figure 6 shows the input variables of the mathematical model that estimates the bubble generation temperature as well as the block diagram of the execution process of the instructions programmed in the microcontroller
  • the present invention relates to an electronic device designed to determine in line, the moisture content in the paper of the winding and the distribution of moisture in the paper in 4 thermal zones distributed equally in the height of the winding of a power transformer type columns .
  • the device has the ability to estimate in line, the temperature of the generation of water vapor bubbles, the maximum hot spot temperature and the percentage of loss of life in the conditions under which the transformer is operating.
  • the electronic device of the present invention uses a graphical interface that allows to evaluate the safe operating time, in which a power transformer, preferably columns type, can be subjected to an overload, without the risk of generating Water vapor bubbles inside the transformer.
  • the device is limited to column type transformers.
  • the electronic device acquires four analog input signals which are sent to a conditioning module to be processed for digital conversion;
  • the first signal is for the oil temperature, which is taken by a temperature indicator (1) installed on the top of the transformer, which sends the measurement to the input module of the device through a 4-20 mA signal ;
  • the second input is used to measure the moisture content of the oil using a specialized device to determine the humidity (2) in the oil in ppm, the measurement result is sent to the input module by a 4-20 mA signal;
  • the third analog input is used to collect the values of the transformer load current, for which a core type current transformer (3) is used, with which the current in the line of one of the current transformers is measured installed in the transformer, this measurement is sent via an analog 4-20 mA signal to the input module;
  • the fourth input of the analog module is used for the acquisition of the ambient temperature value, which is measured with a resistive temperature detector (RTD) (4).
  • RTD resistive temperature detector
  • the analog signals are sent to the conditioning module to be conditioned and subsequently transmitted to the conversion module where the analog to digital signals will be changed, these are sent digitally to a microcontroller.
  • a microcontroller which works as a processing unit, where the three mathematical models that carry out the online diagnosis are implemented, the The microcontroller is in charge of executing the algorithms of the models and interpreting the instructions contained in the program and processing the data, the device also has another raro-controller that performs functions exclusively of communication processes, protocol management and memory storage, the device Electronic also has a unit dedicated to the storage of information, Figure 2 shows the conceptual electronic design of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows the installation of the instruments that perform the online measurement of the analog variables used by the mathematical algorithms programmed in the microcontroller principal.
  • Figure 3 shows the sequence that the microcontroller follows to run the models, First the thermal model that estimates the maximum hot spot temperature that will be reached during a certain period of time is executed, then the model is run to determine the moisture content in the paper, the results of this moisture calculation are used by the bubble generation temperature model, which is the last model to be executed, once the three models have been executed, the microcontroller has implemented the necessary programming to perform the evaluation of the maximum hot spot temperature and the bubble generation temperature with that will evaluate the period of time in which there will be no risk of bubble generation and l percentage of transformer life loss.
  • the first model that is run is based on the standard of IEEE C57.91-1995 this calculates the maximum hot spot temperature that will be reached in an overload and the percentage of life loss of the transformer due to the temperature, the microcontroller uses the parameters of mechanical, electrical and thermal design previously programmed in the device and the digitally conditioned and converted data that were taken by the sensors installed in the transformer to perform the online diagnosis,
  • Figure 4 shows a block diagram of the process that the microcontroller follows to perform the calculation model execution of hot spot and percentage of loss of life, after executing the previous model the microcontroller runs the algorithm to estimate the percentage of moisture contained in the paper of the coils, to perform this calculation the model uses the parameter programmed offline of the acidity in the oil and the digital values of the variables measured in line of the content of humidity in the oil and the temperature of the oil industry
  • Figure 5 shows the variables that the microcontroller uses to execute the mathematical model that determines the percentage of moisture content in the paper and the distribution of moisture throughout the winding, it should be noted that the algorithm Mathematical to determine the humidity
  • the algorithm After calculating the percentage of moisture in the paper by the second model, this result will be used as input of the third mathematical model to estimate the temperature of water vapor bubble generation, the algorithm also uses the digital values taken in line of the oil temperature sensor (1), the ambient temperature (4) and the percentage of load (3), as well as the data programmed in the microcontroller of the atmospheric pressure and the degree of polymerization, Figure 6 It shows the block diagram of the model execution process and the input variables for estimating the bubble generation temperature.
  • the graphical interface will allow the user to evaluate online if the transformer is in a position to accept an overload.
  • the graphical interface uses three types of input data to be able to execute the mathematical algorithms, the first are the fixed values , which are the parameters of the specific mechanical, electrical and thermal design of the transformer, these values will not change once programmed in the software, the seconds are the reprogrammable values that are the parameters of the condition of the paper-oil insulating system, these values are obtained through physicochemical tests of the oil and must be periodically updated in the programming, the third parties are the online values, these parameters determine the current operating condition of the transformer, and are obtained by means of the sensors installed in the transformer that measure in time actual oil temperature parameters, temperature ura environment, transformer load and the percentage of moisture in the oil, these values will be changing over time according to the operation of the transformer.
  • the interface uses all input parameters to estimate online; the moisture content in the paper of the coils, the distribution of moisture in the paper along the axial height of the winding, the generation temperature of water vapor bubbles, the maximum hot spot temperature and loss of life in the current conditions under which the transformer is operated.
  • the graphical interface has a module to estimate offline the evolution of the generation of water vapor bubbles when a power transformer is subjected to a temporary overload
  • the software uses as input values, the level of overload, the time of application of the overload, the humidity in the paper, the temperature of the oil, the ambient temperature and the atmospheric pressure, with these parameters the graphical interface can estimate the maximum time to which a transformer can be subjected to an overload, without the risk of generating water vapor bubbles inside is presented, in addition the software will allow to know the maximum hot spot temperature to which the transformer will be subjected during the temporary overload and its consequent loss of life due to the hot spot temperature reached during overload.
  • the interface can also estimate the moisture content in the transformer winding off-line, in order to perform the calculation the humidity input variables in the oil, acidity in the oil and oil temperature must be entered, with these three input parameters
  • the software determines the percentage of humidity in the paper of the reels and the axial distribution of the humidity in the paper, in 4 thermal zones distributed equally in the height of the winding. The software allows to know online the humidity conditions of the insulating paper without the need to remove the operating transformer.
  • the graphical interface has numerical indicators and graphs of the device's outputs, numerical indicators and graphs of historical values of the device's outputs, configuration operating in the mode of Ethernet TCP / IP and RS-232 communication, however it is possible to use an adapter for a Modbus or DNP communication.3.
  • the software was developed for monitoring up to 32 devices connected to the same Ethernet network where the equipment is operating, the software has a module where the IP address to which another electronic device is connected is assigned, once the IP address of the device is programmed another device the software can automatically display on the main screen the results of the online diagnosis of the added transformers.
  • the software has two modes of operation one to allow the user to monitor and another to configure (Hardware).
  • the monitoring mode brings the information stored in the electronic device to the user PC and displays the results of the calculation of the models and the configuration mode sends the configuration information to the device and the offline parameters that will be programmed in the unit of central processing of the device to perform the calculations of the mathematical algorithms.
  • the computational tool has an additional module that allows estimations of the percentage of overload and the application time, to which it can be subjected to a transformer in operation, without this presenting a risk of generating water vapor bubbles, the interface also determines the maximum hot spot temperature that will occur due to the overload and the percentage of life loss of the transformer as a result of it.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif électronique conçu pour déterminer en ligne, la teneur en humidité du papier, la température de production des bulles et le pourcentage de perte de vie des transformateurs de puissance de type colonnes. Le diagnostic est réalisé à travers des données d'entrée qui combinent l'information prise en temps réel de l'état actuel du transformateur et l'information programmée hors ligne des caractéristiques spécifiques de conception du transformateur et la condition du système isolant le papier huilé. Le dispositif comprend un logiciel de communication qui permet de visualiser d'un ordinateur distant toutes les valeurs de diagnostic en temps réel, en plus d'une interface graphique qui comprend un module de diagnostic supplémentaire, conçu pour être utilisé comme outil d'aide à la prise de décisions pour l'administration de la charge du transformateur, lequel utilise 3 modèles mathématiques obtenus de manière expérimentale en comparant les conditions thermiques et dimensionnelles d'un transformateur de puissance, atteignant une estimation dynamique de la migration de l'humidité, plus précise que les courbes d'équilibre statique, les modèles programmés dans le microcontrôleur effectuent des estimations du niveau de surcharge et de temps de son application pour continuer l'exploitation sécurisée du transformateur dans des conditions de surcharge, ainsi l'outil informatique estime la température maximale de point d'accès qui s'approchera durant la période où le transformateur restera en surcharge et calcule le pourcentage de perte de vie occasionné par l'élévation de température.
PCT/MX2015/000100 2014-07-10 2015-07-10 Dispositif électronique de surveillance en ligne de l'humidité du papier d'un transformateur de puissance soumis à une surcharge et diagnostic du temps sécurisé d'exploitation de celui-ci, et procédé correspondant WO2016006994A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MX2014008448A MX2014008448A (es) 2014-07-10 2014-07-10 Dispositivo electronico para monitoreo en linea de la humedad en el papel de un tranformador de potencia sometido a sobrecarga y diagnostico del tiempo seguro de operacion en el mismo, y proceso.
MXMX/A/2014/008448 2014-07-10

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106951663A (zh) * 2017-04-17 2017-07-14 海南电力技术研究院 变压器关键点温度计算方法
CN111222085A (zh) * 2020-04-15 2020-06-02 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 一种电容式电压互感器健康状态实时评价方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050273183A1 (en) * 2003-10-06 2005-12-08 Walter Curt System and method for providing for remote monitoring and controlling of voltage power transmission and distribution devices
WO2012142355A1 (fr) * 2011-04-15 2012-10-18 Abb Technology Ag Système d'évaluation dynamique pour des composants électriques haute tension
MX2011006933A (es) * 2011-06-24 2012-12-24 Prolec Ge Ind S A De C V Metodo para vigilar una distribucion de contenido de humedad en un material aislante solido y aparato para llevarlo a cabo.
MX2011007836A (es) * 2011-07-22 2013-01-23 Prolec Ge Ind S A De C V Metodo para prever fallas por formación de búrbujas en equipos eléctricos y aparato para llevarlo a cabo.

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106951663A (zh) * 2017-04-17 2017-07-14 海南电力技术研究院 变压器关键点温度计算方法
CN111222085A (zh) * 2020-04-15 2020-06-02 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 一种电容式电压互感器健康状态实时评价方法

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